英语教学法第七单元Teaching grammar

Aims of the unit:
1.The role of grammar in ELT 2.Grammar presentation methods 3.Grammar practice
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The role of grammar in ELT
The value of grammar in foreign language teaching has been a focus of debate for decades, and no conclusion is in sight.
强调句句型结构 It+is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+ 句子其他部分
It was your sister that(whom) Tom met in the zoo yesterday.
It was in the zoo that Tom met your sister yesterday.
Grammar teaching can be seen in most formal classroom language teaching.
Grammar teaching can be seen in most formal classroom language teaching.
1) The deductive method（演绎法）
Is your mother busy today?

Yes,She is(No,She is not)
Do you like pop music?

Yes,I do(No,I do not)
Have you ever been to Beijing?

Yes,I have(No,I have not)
class.
The traditional way of teaching grammar as the following 3 steps :
1. to learn about the grammar rules, 2. to study a few examples, 3. to do some written grammar exercises.
(3) production
Students have the chance to use the new language freely and incorporate it into their existing language.The emphasis at this stage is on use.
It is believed that the rules will become evident if the students are given enough appropriate examples.
Benefits:
1.Students discover the grammar rules themselves while engaged in language use.
However, the deductive method is not without merits.
It could be very successful with selected and motivated students.
It could save time when students are confronted with a grammar rule which is complex but which has to be learned.
Grammar can help us to understand what we read and hear.
G r a m m a r c a n h e l p t o e x p r e s s ourselves clearly and correctly.
话说一个国内知名企业，一天来了一个重要的来宾，下面是前 台的讲话。
Apply in the practice
---------that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.
A.During the 1960s B.that it was in the 1960s C.It was in the 1960s D.It was the 1960s
English grammar is one of the 4 key
elements of English language, that is，
（1）pronunciation, （2）words, （3）grammar （4）context.
In China, grammar is taught in a traditionally teacher-centered way. There is too much teacher dominance and too little student involvement in
and instructional variables.
It is generally believed that
Grammar teaching is less important for children than for adults;
Grammar teaching is less important in listening and reading than in writing.
MissA:"Hello".
Mr.B:"Hi".
MissA:You have what thing?
Mr.B:Can you speak English?
MissA：If I not speak English,I am speaking what?
Mr.B:Can anybody else speak English?
MissA:You yourself look,all people are working,no people have time,you can wait,you wait,you not wait, you can go!
Mr.B:I want to speak to your Head.
The answer to whether grammar
should be taught and to what
extent grammar should be taught
depends on some variables in the
language
Βιβλιοθήκη Baiduteaching/learning
context, such as learner variables
Presentation知 Practice练 Production用
Understanding Accuracy Use and Fluency
(1)presentation
The teacher introduces new language in particular communicative situations, focusing on its meaning, form and on its function.The emphasis at this stage is on meaning and form.
(2) practice
Students work through activities from controlled to free in order to practice the new language in different situations.The emphasis at the beginning of this stage is on accuracy.
It may help to increase student’ confidence in those examinations which are written with accuracy as the main criterion of success.
In the inductive method, the teacher induces the learners to realise grammar rules without any form of explicit explanation.
Group Members:
施政，李曦茜， 杜佳纹，汤小敏，贾岚鈞
What do you think and feel about grammar?
Must a learner learn grammar when using a foreign language?
English grammar is the core of English language.Without grammar English language cannot be well contructed.
2) The inductive method（归纳法） 3) The guided discovery method
(引导发现法）
The deductive method relies on reasoning, analysing and comparing.
1) Presentation of an example → 2) explanation of the underlying rules → 3) Ss’s practice with given prompts.
MissA:Head not zai,You tomorrow come!
The definition of grammar
Grammar is generally thought to be a set of rules for choosing words and putting words together to make sense.
（Hinkel and Fotos, 2002)
Most research has agreed that there is a positive role of instruction for grammar learning.
Grammar teaching “can enhance learner proficiency and accuracy and facilitate the internalization of its syntactic system.
There is often an inadequate
treatment of grammar in most
communicative
syllabuses,
resulting in lower level of
accuracy than the cases under
formal instruction.( 淡 化 语 法 ）
The deductive method is criticized because:
Grammar is taught in an isolated way; Little attention is paid to meaning; The practice is often mechanical.
2.The students have been much more involved in the discovery process.
Despite many different views about the role of grammar in language learning, the importance of grammar cannot be denied.
Grammatical competence is essential for communication (Brown, 1994; Larsen-Freeman,1991)