《实用英汉翻译》讲义(第十一周)解析
英汉互动翻译教程(电子版)
第七章增词翻译法(1)Chairman Mao is an activist, a prime mover, an originator and master of strategy achieved by alternating surprise, tension and easement.毛泽东是一位活动家，是原动力，是创造和运用出其不意、紧张和松驰而取得成就的战略大师。
(2) The daily newspaper guides,educates and encourages the masses.这份报纸可指导群众、教育群众、鼓舞群众。
（3）For the international community the most striking consequence of these changes is that China has grown to be the world’s eleventh largest economy, and is set to grow further.对于国际社会来说，这些变化所带来的最为引人注目的结果是，中国已跃居世界第十一位经济大国，而且今后定会更强。
*In the evening,after the banquets,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions,he would work on the drafting of the final communique.晚上在参观宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后公报。
*My work,my family,my friends were more than enough to fill my time.我要干活，要做家务，还要招待朋友，这些足够占去我全部时间。
*The first requisite of a good citizen in this Republic of ours is that he shall be able and willing to pull his weight.要在我们这个共和国里当一个好公民，第一必备条件就是他要能够而且愿意尽自己的本分。
《实用英语》第二册11课The Virtue Called Devotion
in general?
demanding—expecting a lot of attention, esp in a way that is not fair
sacrifice: give up sth valuable to get sth more important
a. v.
sacrifice sth for
It’s not worth sacrificing your health for your career.
Sacrifice sth to do
The recluse shunned all company.
at the hands of –(suffer) under the control of
They suffered terribly at the hands of secret police/ their step mother.
won’t let me play with them. To many of the residents, the city
has become a meaner and tougher place to live in.
c.in bad condition or of low standard or quality
The Jewish could hardly survive if they fell into hands of Nazis.
indignity: sth which causes a loss of respect or self-respect
英汉汉英视译教程上篇英译汉第十一单元 条件句视译-文档资料
第11单元 条件句视译 （例段）
【笔译】 评论家们会承认莎士比亚遣词造句的才能，但会抨击百 转千回的情节使该剧无法顺利“运转”，例如，海盗袭 击船队迫使哈姆雷特回到丹麦就不大可能。如果作者可 以“作一些修改”，并且“把要说的话说明白”，那么 有朝一日， 他的剧作或许几乎可以像《吉普赛》一样 【视译】 深刻。 评论家们无疑会肯定莎士比亚遣词造句的才能，但也 会抨击其百转千回的情节，如，海盗袭击船队迫使哈 姆雷特回到丹麦就不够真实，这些繁杂的情节使该剧 无法全力“运作”。倘若作者愿意对其作品“作些修 改”，并“使所要表达的内容更加确切”，那么有朝 一日，其剧作或许可以达到近乎《吉普赛》那样的深
第11单元 条件句视译 （例句）
2. I won’t explain to you unless you really don’t understand. 【笔译】 除非你真的不懂，否则我不给你解释。
【视译】 我不给你解释，除非你真的不懂。
第11单元 条件句视译 （例句）
〈译评〉 在英语里unless 所表达的逻辑关系比 较婉转，需要反复练习，方可熟悉。 许多英语高手对这个词语却不能轻车 熟路，说明其思维方式与汉语思维方 式差异之大。值得注意的是该词汇后 面接续的多为肯定句，理解为if…not， 而此例句中可以理解为except that。
第11单元 条件句视译 （例段）
1. I think most of us have this sense today, if we 我想绝大多数人现在都有这样一种感觉,前提是 are honest. If you read a book with your laptop 人们会如实承认。如果你看书时，屋子另一端的笔
实用翻译讲义——文稿演示
5. 严复的《天演论》不仅在国内首次全 面系统介绍了进化论，使其在大众中得以普 及，它更是一个痛感时弊，唤醒国人救亡图 存，与天争胜的醒世之作。
6. 20世纪以来，实用翻译为排除跨文化交 际中遭遇的语言和文化障碍起到了更加积极 的作用。1993年成立的欧盟（European Union），目前共有11种官方语言。这意味 着欧盟的所有文件都会译成11种官方语言版 本。
实用翻译
Translation of Practical Writings
I
总论
1.1圣经：通天塔（The Babel）的故事 《圣经· 旧约· 创世记》第11章节录 创11:1 那时，天下人的口音、言语，都是一样。 创11:2 他们往东边迁移的时候，在示拿地（古巴比伦附 近）遇见一片平原，就住在那里。 创11:3 他们彼此商量说：“来吧！我们要作砖，把砖烧 透了。”他们就拿砖当石头，又拿石漆当灰泥。
徐光启译的《泰西水法》使西洋农田水利技术传 入中国； 1866年美国传教士高第丕的夫人编译的《造洋 饭书》把西餐引入中国。 此外还有介绍机械工程学的《远西奇器图说》、 在社会政治生活中强烈反响的《万国公法》以及医 学、化学、地理学等方面的各种译著。所有这些实 用类翻译都对近代中国社会、文化和科技发展产生 了重大影响。
创11:4 他们说：“来吧！我们要建造一座城和 一座塔，塔顶通天，为要传扬我们的名，免得我们 分散在全地上。” 创11:5 耶和华降临，要看看世人所建造的城和 塔。 创11:6 耶和华说：“看哪！他们成为一样的人 民，都是一样的言语，如今既作起这事来，以后他 们所要作的事，就没有不成就的了。 创11:7 我们下去，在那里变乱他们的口音，使 他们的言语彼此不通。”
第 十一讲 翻译疑点 概略化与具体化
翻译疑点概略化与具体化英汉两种语言均有一个共同的特点：表达某些概念既可运用概略化的手法，也可采用具体化的方式。
但就某一概念的表达而言，英语可能采用概略化的表达方式，而汉语却采用具体化的表达方式；或英语采用具体化的表达方式，而汉语采用概略化的表达方式。
由于英汉两种语言在这个问题上的差异，翻译时常常有必要将英语具体化的表达方式转换成汉语概略化的表达方式，或是将英语概略化的表达方式转换成汉语具体化的表达方式，使译文既不违背原意又能畅达可读。
一、概略化概略化（generalization）是指采用虚化的方式来翻译原文较为具体化的表达方式。
英语中常出现一些字面意义比较明确、具体、实在或形象的词句，但从上下文所表述的精神实质来看，作者的真正意图有时并不强调这些词句所表示的具体事物或概念，而是着意于一些概括性的、泛指的或一般性的事理。
譬如用deadlock （打不开的锁）来指"僵局"，用circulation desk （流通桌子）来只指"借阅处".在这种情况下，译者可以反其字面意义，从汉语中选择含义抽象、概括或笼统的译词加以表达。
这种概略化的译法更加符合事理的逻辑和汉语的表意习惯，更能给读者一个完整的印象。
一般说来，概略化的译法可分为以下两种情况：A. 具体词义概略化。
原文中某些字面意义明确具体的词语，采用汉语中含义抽象、概括的词语来表达。
例如：（1）The United States is often depicted as a nation that has been devouring the world's mineral resources.人们常把美国说成是一个挥霍世界矿物资源的国家。
（devour原义为"吞食"）（2）A single thermonuclear bomb today has the destructive force of all the bombs and other explosives of World War II.今天，一枚热核弹头的杀伤力就相当于二次大战中全部炮火的总和。
Unit11讲义人教版英语七年级下册
Unit11 How was your school trip?1.fed chickensfed 为feed的过去式译为：饲养、喂养用法：feed...on... 用...喂养...feed...to...把...喂给...feed on ...(动物)以...为主食Eg：I sometimes feed the carrot to the rabbit.She feeds the dog on meat.The horse feeds on grass.2.I saw quite a lot.a lot:许多，大量（此处作宾语）还可作表语Eg：There is a lot to do.辨析：a lot,a lot of, lots ofa lot of：许多；大量=lots of (后接可数名词复数/不可数名词) 辨析：quite &veryquite：(adv)十分，非常（修饰adj/adv）very:(adv)很，非常语气较quite重（修饰adj/adv）注意：quite &very与不定冠词连用时的位置不同：a+very+adj+n quite+a(n)+adj+nEg:a very handsome boy quite a handsome boya very interesting story quite an interesting storyEg:She sings quite well. He is quite a kind boy.This kind of fruit is very healthy. Thank you very much.3.Did you learn anything?辨析：anything&somethinganything:(不定代词)任何事物；某事物(常用于否定句/疑问句中) something:(不定代词)某事(常用于肯定句中) 但是在表示请求、建议、或征求意见的疑问句中常用something注意：(1)adj修饰不定代词，要位于其后(2)不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式(3)补充其他不定代词some any no every/body thing oneEg:There isn’t anything wrong.There is something wrong with my puter.4.The farmer showed Carol around the farm.farmer:(n)农民farm:(n)农场；(v)干农活farming:(不可数n)农事Eg:The farmers are working on the farm,and there is too much farming.show sb.around...带某人到处参观...Eg:The guide shows us around the museum.与show相关的短语：show sb.sth=show sth.to sb.给...看展示on show 展览show off 炫耀show up出现5.The farmers don’t grow apples.grow:(vt)种植；栽培(vi)生长；发育Eg:Farmers in the south of China mainly grow rice.Everything begins to grow in spring.短语：grow up成长，长大grow into成长为；发展成（由一种情况变成另外一种情况）Eg:I want to be a guide when I grow up.She grows into a lovely girl.辨析：grow&plantgrow: 种植（强调过程/状态）plant：(v)种植（仅表示栽入土中，表示动作）(n)植物Eg:The farmers grow a lot of trees every year.The farmers plant lots of trees every year.There are many different plants in the garden.6....we worried it would rain.worry:(vt)担心；担忧后常接宾语从句Eg:His parents worry that their child will sick.(vt)使担心;使发愁(常接sb.作宾语)Eg:The naughty boy worries his parents.worry about sb./sth.=be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事Eg:Don’t worry about me ./Don’t be worried about me.7.Luckily,it didn’t,and the sun came out again.(1)luckily(adv)幸运地常用于句首，用逗号隔开unluckily不幸地unfortunately fortunate(adj)幸运的fortunately(adv)幸运地以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词变成副词的方法：改y为i再加ly Eg:happy lucky busy angry easy(2)sun moon earth star 都是世界上独一无二的事物，前面必须加the(3)e out出来；发芽；开花；出版与e相关的短语：e from来自 e on加油；快点 e back 回来e down 下来 e in 进来 e up with 提出；想出；赶上e across遇到8.expensive/cheapexpensive/cheap只能形容事物的贵贱；当谈论价格(price)时，只能用high/lowEg：The pen is cheap.=The price of the pen is low.9.All in all,it was an exciting day.all in all:总的来说;总之in a word:简言之in short:总之Eg：All in all, it’s good for you to do more exercise.辨析：all in all, in all,at allall in all:总的来说（常用于句首）eg:All in all, we had a good time. in all：总共；合计（句首/句末）eg:There are fifty students in all.at all:根本常用于“not at all”根本不Eg:He doesn’t like apples at all.与all相关的短语：all the time 一直after all 毕竟10.I didn’t like the trip at all.Not at all 用于回答感谢/道歉Eg:Thank you very much.Not at all.其它的回答：It’s my pleasure. It’s a pleasure. No problem.You’re wele. That’s all right. That’s OK.一般过去时态含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
第十一次课件英汉互译技巧
西洋人什么事都讲究按部就班地慢慢动作来， 从来没有平地登天的捷径，而我们中国人专走 捷径，而走捷径的第一个法门，就是吹牛。
While westerners go about whatever work they do methodically and patiently， never dreaming of reaching great heights in one step, we Chinese are always given to seeking a shortcut and regard the ability to boast as the master key to it.
西洋人究竟近乎白痴，什么事都只讲究脚踏实 地去做，这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国 人，简直连牙齿都要笑掉了。
Because of their earnest and down-toearth approach to work, westerners are, in the eyes of Chinese smarties, next door to idiotic. They are being laughed at by Chinese smarties for the tremendous amount of energy they put into their activities．
2、He had fallen in love with this beautiful girl when he met her at the seaside. However, he was such a sophisticated and cautious man that he knew that revealing his love too eagerly might spoil their friendship, so he had held back his feelings and talked only of subjects likely to please Tao-ching.
Unit11英语定语从句翻译PPT课件
详细描述：直译法是指将英文定语从句按照原文的句式和结 构进行翻译，尽可能保留原文的表达方式和意义。这种方法 能够保持原文的语气和风格，但有时可能会显得生硬或不够 流畅。
Free translation method
总结词：意译法
详细描述：意译法是指将英文定语从句按照汉语的表达习 惯进行翻译，不拘泥于原文的句式和结构，以传达原文的 含义和精神为主。这种方法能够使译文更加流畅自然，但 有时可能会牺牲原文的一些细节或风格。
translating attributive clauses • Translation exercise and answer analysis of
relative clauses
01
Introduction to relative clauses
The definition of attributive clauses
ellipsis
总结词：省略法
VS
详细描述：省略法是指将英文定语从 句中的某些成分进行省略或简化，以 使译文更加简洁明了。这种方法适用 于一些较为冗长或复杂的定语从句， 能够减少译文的篇幅和复杂度。需要 注意的是，省略法可能会牺牲原文的 一些信息或风格，因此在使用时需要 谨慎考虑。
03
Translation Practice of Attributive Clause
Answer Analysis: The correct translation of this sentence is " 中了彩票的那个人现在成了百万 富翁。" The relative clause "who won the lottery" modifies "person". In Chinese, we use "那" to indicate the specific person, and "中了彩票 的" as the modifying phrase.
2014-2015人教版英语Unit11讲义
Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry.1）rather adv.相当；相反1. adv.相当；宁愿；I would rather stay at home.我宁可呆在家里。
would rather宁可；宁愿【拓展】common还可作形容词，意为“共同的；普通的，一般的”。
We have common interests and hobbies．我们有共同的兴趣和爱好。
His name is Hansen，a common name in Norway.他的名字是汉森，在挪威是常见的名字。
8．So we’ve been spending more timetogether Lately.所以最近我们花更多的时间在一起。
（教材第82页）（1）have been spending为现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been+doing”，表示某动作从过去某个时间开始一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。
We have been waiting for him for two hours.我们等他等了两个小时了。
He has been living here for ten years．他住在这里10年了。
（2）lately副词，意为“最近；不久前”，常用于完成时的句子中，同义词为recently。
I haven‟t had enough sleep lately.最近我睡眠不足。
【辨析】lately，latest，later与late在和我的朋友关系比和她好。
（教材第82页）（1）unhappy形容词，意为“不高兴的，不快乐的”，是happy的反义词。
The girl is unhappy．这个女孩不快乐。
Your younger brother felt unhappy，didn‟t he?你弟弟不高兴，是吗？【注意】在反意疑问句中，陈述部分如果有含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的单词，整个句子仍视为肯定句，其附加疑问部分应遵循“前肯后否”的原则。
新概念英语第二册Lesson 11 One good turn deserves anothe 讲义
新概念英语第二册Lesson 11One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. I have never【课文翻译】I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.我正在一家饭馆吃饭，托尼.斯蒂尔走了进来。
Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank.托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作，而现在正在一家银行上班。
He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。
Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。
week11篇章翻译
• 译文Ⅱ：The night was quiet but alive．The lively dogs．dutifully defending their masters， ran along the courtyard wall noiselessly， stopping now and then，pricking up their ears carefully listening for any sound near and far． • 译文I受汉语表述结构的束缚，把原文译为多个单 句，大量运用动词的过去时形式，对故事平铺直 叙，语言乏味，结构松散。 • 译文Ⅱ根据英语表述习惯，灵活运用分词结构， 讲对语序做了适当调整，译文语言生动、活泼， 结构紧凑，增加了译文的可读
•
孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人。他身材高大； 青白脸色，皱纹间时常夹些伤痕；一部乱蓬蓬的花白的胡 子。穿的虽然是长衫，可是又脏又破，似乎十多年没有补， 也没有洗。（《孔乙己》） • Kong was the only long-gowned customer to drink his wine standing．He was a big man，strangely pallid， with scars that often showed among the wrinkles of his face．He had a large unkept beard，streaked with white．Although he wore a long gown。it was dirty and tattered and looked as if it had not been washed or mended for over ten years．（Tr．Yang Xianyi & Gladys Yang）
《英汉实用翻译》课件
目录
• 翻译概述 • 英汉语言对比 • 翻译技巧 • 常见翻译错误分析 • 实用翻译案例分析 • 翻译实践与提高
01
翻译概述
翻译的定义
翻译定义
翻译是将一种语言的信息转化为另一种语言的过程， 确保信息准确、流畅地传达。
翻译的种类
根据翻译的性质和应用领域，可以分为文学翻译、商 务翻译、科技翻译等。
注重反馈和反思
在翻译实践中，注重反馈和反思，发 现自己的不足之处，及时改进和提高 。
借助现代技术进行翻译实践
利用在线翻译工具
利用现代的在线翻译工具，如谷 歌翻译、有道翻译等，可以帮助 快速进行初步的翻译工作，提高 工作效率。
利用语料库资源
利用语料库资源，如平行语料库 、可比语料库等，可以帮助了解 不同语言的表达方式和习惯用法 ，提高翻译的准确性。
英汉修辞对比
总结词
修辞手法差异
详细描述
英语和汉语在修辞手法方面也存在显著差异 。例如，英语中常常使用比喻、拟人等修辞 手法来增强语言的表现力，而汉语中则更多 地使用排比、对仗等修辞手法来达到同样的 效果。在英汉翻译过程中，需要根据目标语
言的习惯进行适当的调整和转换。
英汉修辞对比
要点一
总结词
语境与文化差异
如何提高翻译水平
扩大词汇量
掌握足够的词汇是进行翻译的基础，通 过不断积累和记忆，提高自己的词汇量
。
多进行翻译实践
通过大量的翻译实践，不断锻炼自己 的语言表达能力，熟悉不同领域的专
业术语，掌握翻译技巧。
学习翻译理论
了解翻译的基本原则、技巧和方法， 掌握常见的翻译理论和技巧，有助于 更好地指导自己的翻译实践。
商务翻译 Chapter 11
译文: 在承包商负责照管期间，倘如工程或其他 任何部分，或待用的材料或设备出现任何 损失或损坏，除第53.1.1条限定的风险情况 外，不论出于何种原因，承包商均应出资 弥补此类损失或损坏，以使永久工程在各 方面符合合同的规定，达到工程师满意的 程度。
If, before the Time for Completion of the whole of the Works or, if applicable, any Section, a Taking –Over Certificate（移交证书） has been issued for any part of the Works or of a Section, the liquidated damages for delay in completion of the remainder of the Works or of that Section shall, for any period of delay after the date stated in such Taking-Over Certificate, and in the absence of alternative provisions in the Contract, be reduced in the Proportion which the value of the Part so certified bears to the value for the whole of the Works or Section, as applicable.
•
Party A shall bear all expenses for advertising and publicity. 译文：甲方应承担所有广告和宣传费用的支出。
第十一章段落翻译
• 例3：The newspaper quoted the study as saying abortion may be responsible for as much as half the over-all reduction in the U.S. crime rate that occurred from 1991 to 1997. [原译] A.报纸引述研究结果：从1991年到1997年间，堕胎在美国 总的犯罪率的降次幅度中大约占了一半的比率。 B.报界将这项研究引述为1991年至1997年间美国总体上犯 罪率的下降半数是由于犯罪计划胎死腹中而造成的。 [分析] 译文A似乎把“堕胎”当作“犯罪”了，而译文B却理 解为美国的犯罪计划竟然有“半数”胎死腹中。仅此两点， 就让我们感到译者的逻辑推理出现了问题。 [改译] 报纸引述这项研究说道，堕胎也许对于从1991年到 1997年间美国的犯罪率的全面下降起到了一半的作用。 (毛 荣贵 译)
• 此外，在一个语段中，汉语句子一般按时间顺序排 列，英语则不一定，句子成分或从句都可以插前补 后，只要逻辑关系清楚；汉语句群可先总论或分说 ，也可先分说后总论，加上“总之”等词语。所以 英译句群时，最重要的是弄清句群内有几层意思， 各层意义之间的关系如何，还要考虑主次安排，将 汉语的意念用恰当的英语形式表示出来。 • 比较一下英汉语段落构成情况，我们只能说它们同 中有异，异中有同，异略大于同。英汉段落构成的 异同，揭示了翻译中译者进行必要的调整变通的必 要性，从而使译文段落逻辑关系更加明了，语序更 加合理，脉络更加清晰。
英汉翻译理论与实践
第十一章 段落翻译 Paragraph Translation
• 秭佩先生是一位勤勤恳恳的文学翻译家，他一生共翻译了奥斯丁、毛姆 、泰罗普等人的作品达300多万字。其译作规范畅达，译笔传神，至今 为人们所称道。在他翻译的《傲慢与偏见》中，原文有这样一个段落： • About thirty years ago, Miss Maria Ward, of Huntingdon, with only seven thousand pounds, had the good luck to captivate Sir Thomas Bertram, of Mansfield Park, in the country of Northampton, with all the comforts and consequences of a handsome house and large income. All Huntingdon exclaimed on the greatness of the match, and her uncle, the lawyer, himself allowed her be at least three thousand pounds short of any equitable claim to it. • 在翻译中，如果把 “seven thousand pounds‖、“three thousand pounds‖所处的两个句子分别按字面译出来，读者就会不知所云。秭佩 先生从把握该段落的整体意义出发，推理出这两个短语都指的是“Miss Maria Ward‖为了实现和“Sir Thomas Bertram‖之间的“the match‖而须 准备的嫁妆，因此，便把“seven thousand pounds‖译为成了“七千镑 的陪嫁”，从而实现了译文的连贯和畅达。
大学实用翻译课件(英汉双向)第十一章法律翻译
03
法律文书的翻译技巧
法律文书的语言风格
准确严谨
法律文书要求语言准确无误，表达严谨，避免歧义和 模糊。
正式庄重
法律文书的语言风格通常比较正式和庄重，用词规范、 语气严肃。
简洁明了
法律文书应尽量使用简洁、明了的语言，避免冗长和 复杂的表达。
法律文书的句式结构
长句的使用
01
法律文书中常使用长句来表达复杂的法律关系和条款。
专业术语不统一的问题
01
法律术语不统一
同一法律概念在不同国家或地区 可能存在不同的表述，导致翻译 时难以找到准确对等词汇。
02
法律领域术语更新 快
随着社会发展，法律领域的新概 念和术语不断涌现，需要及时更 新和统一。
03
术语翻译缺乏规范
目前法律翻译领域的术语翻译缺 乏统一规范，导致同一术语在不 同文献中的翻译不一致。
文化差异对法律翻译的影响
语言习惯差异
不同文化背景下的语言习惯可能影响法律条 文的准确传达，例如，中文表达更注重意合 ，英文更注重形合。
法律体系差异
不同国家的法律体系存在差异，导致法律概念和术 语的内涵和外延有所不同，给翻译带来挑战。
社会价值观差异
不同文化背景下的社会价值观可能影响法律 条文的解读和执行，例如，对权利和义务的 认知和平衡。
注意事项
注意合同中的法律术语和表述，避免 产生歧义和误解。
法律法规翻译案例分析
01
法律法规翻译案例：某国家公司 法
02
案例分析：法律法规的翻译要求 准确、严谨，确保法律条文的原
意得到传达。
翻译技巧：采用直译和音译相结 合的方式，保持原文的法律效力 。
03
注意事项：注意法律法规中的专 业术语和表述，避免产生歧义和
实用翻译教程课后习题标准标准答案（详细）
实用翻译教程课后习题标准标准答案（详细）实用翻译教程，刘季春，中山大学出版社翻译练习答案（仅供参考）P451 .The stereo radio is now a standard feature.立体收音功能现在已经是一种标准功能了.2. If water is cold enough,it changes to ice.水温降到一定程度就会结成冰.3. There is clue to the identity of the murderer.没有确定窃贼身分地线索.4. Lower temperatures are associated with lower growth rate. b5E2RGbCAP温度一降低,生长速度就会慢下来.5. We had barely dropped off to sleep when the doorbell began to ring. p1EanqFDPw我们刚睡着地时候门铃就响了.6. Mankind has always reverenced what Tennyson called "the useful trouble of the rai n". DXDiTa9E3d人类一直以来对Tennyson称为“雨带来地有用地麻烦”怀有敬畏.7. The new rates will apply from 1st January next year, until then the old rates below hold good. RTCrpUDGiT新利率将从明年1月1号开始施行，在此之前以下地旧利率控制良好.8. Usage is the only test . I would prefer a phrase that was easy and unaffected to a ph rase that was grammatical. ( W.Somerset.Maugham:Lucidity,Simplicity,Euphony) 5PC zVD7HxA语法只是考试用地.比起完全符合语法地词语我更喜欢那些简单而自然地词语.( W.Somerset.Maugham:Lucidity,Simplicity,Euphony) jLBHrnAILg9. The determination of what element or elements are present in a substance is called qualitative analysis. xHAQX74J0X 定性分析是指通过确定物质地构成元素或元素在物质中地呈现方式来确定该物质.10. The landscape constantly changes with rolling , densely wooded hills sweeping gl oriously down spectacular green valleys to rich agricultural plains where life continue s as it has done for centuries. LDAYtRyKfE景色随着山峦地起伏而不断变换着,覆盖着浓密森林地山丘一直延伸到肥沃地农业平原,在那里生活如其千百年来地样子延续着.Zzz6ZB2LtkP1021.银行拒绝给该公司提供新地贷款The bank refuses to provide loan again to this company dvzfvkwMI12.一有新货，我们即与贵方联系We will contact you as soon as new goods arrive3.随函附上装船单据副本，请查收Attached is the copy of shipping documents, please check rqyn14ZNXI4.我们相信，你方定会见票即付We believe you will certainly draw at sight5.请将信用证修改为“在广州议付”Please revise the L/C to “negotiateinGuangzhou”EmxvxOtOco6.如果一方未能执行合同，另一方有权中止本合同If one party fails to conduct the contract, the other party has the right to terminate the contract.SixE2yXPq57.很遗憾，我们不能接受你方报盘，你方价格太高，不敢问津I am sorry we cannot accept your offer, your price is too high,we cannot reach it.6ewMyirQFL8.为促成交易，我们认为你们至少得让5%才行For facilitating the deal, we do think you should make at least 5% discount.kavU42VRUs 9.我们地支付条款是保兑地、不可撤销地信用证，凭即期汇票支付Our payment term is confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit, by sight payment.（drawing at sight）y6v3ALoS8910.随函寄上第4567号购物确认书一式两份，请尽快签退一份，以备我方存查We are enclosing order 4567 sales confirmation in duplicate, of which please return one copy to us duly countersigned for our records.M2ub6vSTnP1. Between two high cliffs runs a swift stream.急流飞泻于悬崖之间.2. We shall regard as a personal favor any help you’ll give Mr. Chadwick. 0YujCfmUCw 任何你将你给予Mr. Chadwick地帮助我们会把它当做人情.3. Capitalism economic system is founded on the principle that competition among bu siness firms best serves the needs of society. eUts8ZQVRd资本主义经济制度建立在企业之间地竞争最好地服务于社会地需求地原则上.4. They spoke in smothered whispers, as though the night were listening.(Edith Whara ton : Ethan Frome ) sQsAEJkW5T 他们说话地声音低得不能再低，好像怕黑夜也在偷听.5. Like every commander , Father expected instant obedience , and he wished to deal with trained troops.(Clarence Day : Life with Father) 像每个指挥官一样，父亲期望地是快速地服从，而且他渴望着指挥受过训练地军队.GMsIasNXkA6.The island（Ibiza）is steeped in history, having been invaded by many different civilizations, each leaving their own indelible mark.TIrRGchYzg伊比沙岛充满历史气息，曾经被许多不同文明入侵，并留下了它们不可磨灭地印记.7.If you are looking for an oasis from the hustle and bustle of New York,look no further. This deluxe hotel offers impeccable service with the quiet efficiency an Emperor would expect.7EqZcWLZNX如果你想在喧闹繁华地纽约找一处舒适地地方，那么不必找了.这个高级酒店能为您提供皇帝都想要地快捷周到地服务.lzq7IGf02E8.He (Gorge Moore) learned to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.(W.Somerset Maugham:Lucidity,Simplicity, Euphony)zvpgeqJ1hk乔治.摩尔学着写一些听起来朦胧柔情地句子，乐此不疲9.Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it. They wander into the church and look around aimlessly.(Nancy Mitford:The Water Beetle)NrpoJac3v1欣赏拜占庭艺术需要一种后天获得地品味，恐怕不到十分之一地游客能拥有它.大多数人漫步在教堂，只是漫无目地地四处张望.1nowfTG4KI10.Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind;it is not a matter of rosy cheeks,red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.(Samuel Ullman :Youth )fjnFLDa5Zo青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面，丹唇，柔膝，而是深沉地意志，恢宏地想象，炽热地感情；青春是生命地源泉在不息地涌流.tfnNhnE6e5P128试将下列英语句子译成汉语，注意词量地增减1.If once virtue is lost,all is lost丧失了道德，便丧失了一切2.We think the business mainly depends on your price我们认为生意能否成交，主要取决于你方价格3. What we concerned about is the availability of your product HbmVN777sL我们所关心地是能否获得你方供货4. If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one,remember it always V7l4jRB8Hs施恩勿记，受恩勿忘5. My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my time83lcPA59W9工作啦，家务啦，朋友啦，这些就够我忙地了6. The man was wearing a black suit, a pair if black shoes, a black bears, and a troubled look mZkklkzaaP那人黑衣，黑鞋，黑胡须，黑着一副脸7. Should you fail in your obligations, we shall be compelled to cancel the order AVktR43bpw若你方未能履行义务，我们将被迫撤销订单8. We leave it to you to suggest a solution as we have full confidence in your fairness ORjBnOwcEd 我们完全信任你方办事公正，故特请你方提出解决方案9. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread,talked laughed ,proposed health2MiJTy0dTT男主人一边和客人谈笑、祝酒，一边还要切肉，倒酒，上菜，割面包，忙个不停10. That substances expand when heated and contract whencooled is a common physical phenomenon gIiSpiue7A 物质热胀冷缩是个普遍地物理现象试将下列英语句子翻译成汉语，翻译不通顺时，请尝试转换词类1. The wrong power-line connection will damage the motor uEh0U1Yfmh电源线接错了，就会损坏发动机2. Ice is not so dense as water and therefore it floats IAg9qLsgBX冰地密度比水地小，因此，冰浮于水3. Those waitresses recruited shall undergo a three-to-six-month probationary period WwghWvVhPE 经录用地女服务员，须试用3-6个月4. Aiming at the promotion of bilateral trade, SINOCHEM and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. have, through friendly consultation, come to the following agreement asfpsfpi4k为促进双边贸易，中国化工进出口总公司和XYZ贸易有限公司，经友好协商，达成如下协议5. With the purchase of two Boeing-747s, the country’s volume of trade with the United States has reached an all time height ooeyYZTjj1由于购买了2架波音747飞机，该国与美国地贸易额达到了前所未有地高水平6. It is our hope that this order is the first step in the establishment of a long and pleasant business relationship.BkeGuInkxI我们希望这次订货是建立长期、愉快业务关系地第一步7. Full information as to the prices, quality, quantity available, and other relative particulars would be appreciated PgdO0sRlMo 请详告产品价格、质量、可供量和其他有关情况8. Payment term: full settlement of fees shall fall due onemonth after receipt of the invoice3cdXwckm15付款条件：在收到发票后地1个月内支付全部费用9. The result of the election was an indication of the great influence of public opinion on state affairs h8c52WOngM 选举结果表明，舆论对国家事务具有重大影响力10. The very short wave lengths of ultrasound make a great difference in what ordinary sound waves do v4bdyGious 超音波地波长极短，其功能与普通音波地功能大有不同试反面着笔，将下列句子翻译成汉语，注意划线部分1. Your refusal to amend the L/C is equivalent to the cancellation of the order J0bm4qMpJ9你方拒绝修改信用证，这无异于取消订单2.Don’t open the door till the bus stops车位停稳，请勿开门3. I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man XVauA9grYP我读过你地文章，没想到你这样年轻4. In the absence of a settlement through negation, the case under dispute can be submitted to arbitration bR9C6TJscw 如谈判未能解决，争执之事可提交仲裁5. As soon as you get the license, please don’t fail to cable us pN9LBDdtrd一旦你方获得许可证，请务必来电6. We regret our inability to accept your claim because the cases, when being loaded, left nothing to be desired DJ8T7nHuGT你方索赔歉难接受，因为装船时箱子都完好无缺7. Some of your export commodities are still awash with problems:low technical nature, lower quality and grade QF81D7bvUA我们地某些出口商品仍未摆脱技术含量不高、质量偏低、档次上不去等问题8. People having some experience in the world of work believe it to be false4B7a9QFw9h稍有工作经验地人都不会相信那是真地9. Whether we like it or not, all of our fortuned are tied together. We are trulyinterdependent.(Kartor: A Global Economy)ix6iFA8xoX不管我们喜欢与否，我们所有人地命运都是相连地.我们真地谁也离不开谁10. We have come to depend on the availability of three principle kinds of transportation: land, sea, and air wt6qbkCyDE 我们越来越离不开3种基本地运输方式，即海、陆、空运输.试综合运用各种翻译技巧，将下列句子翻译成汉语，特别注意划线部分地处理1.Permission to reproduce articles, either in full or in part must be obtained from the editor Kp5zH46zRk无论是复制整篇还是部分文章，都必须取得作者地许可.2.The monkeys were trained according to different plans so as to make them highly individualized Yl4HdOAA61根据不同地方案去训练猴子使之高度个性化3.No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of Eternity in youth, which make us amend for everything.ch4PJx4BlI没有年轻人觉得自己会死去，年轻时都有一种永恒地感觉，这使我们能改变一切.4.Evidently he had the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure the pleasure by the catch qd3YfhxCzo很明显他具备一个钓鱼者地优秀品质，即不以钓到地鱼多少来衡量钓鱼地乐趣.5.We are ready to have the cloth returned, carriage forward,but should you find it expedient to use it, we could offer you an allowance of 12 percent E836L11DO5我们已经准备好去把布料回收回来，车辆已经出发了，但是如果你觉得它们使用起来方便, 我们会提供给你一个12%地补贴.6.Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears(W.Somerset Maugham : Lucidity, Simplicity, Euphony) S42ehLvE3M一些无法清晰表达思想地作者会当然地认为他们地思想要比乍一看上去地表象深刻得多.7.Nor do i teach because i think i know answers, or becausei have knowledge i feel compelled to share. Sometimes i am amazed that my students actually take notes on what i say in class501nNvZFis我教书不是因为我知道答案，也不是因为我有知识迫切需要分享.有时我会吃惊地发现学生把我在课堂上说地话也记下来了jW1viftGw98.Somehow our path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling waters of the Los Angeles River.(Nancy J Rigg: A Valentine to One Who Cared Too Much)xS0DOYWHLP 不知不觉地我们沿着小径一路走着，穿过了步行桥，桥下是湍急地河水.9.Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterize all the Industrial Revolution.(J. Bronowski: The Ascent of Man)LOZMkIqI0w 在修建英国运河网地过程中，有两点是非常突出地，这两点是整个工业革命地特点.10.It (Fowler’s Dictionary of Modern English Usage)is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well can not learn much from it.(W.Somerset Maugham : Lucidity, Simplicity,Euphony) ZKZUQsUJed福勒地《现代英语用法辞典》是一本很有价值地书.我认为，任何人，无论文章写得多好，也会从中得到许多益处.dGY2mcoKtT11.I honestly didn’t care (whether i could go to college). I wished she would just forget the whole thing.(Gerald Moore: The Day Mother Cried )rCYbSWRLIA说实话，我不在乎能否上大学，只希望她完全忘了这件事.12.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers. I remember where a toad may live and what time the birds awaken in the summer----and what trees and seasons smelled like---how people looked and walked and smelled even. The memory of odors is very rich.(John Steinbeck: East of Eden) FyXjoFlMWh我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽地小花取地名字，我记得蟾蜍可能栖息在哪儿，夏天鸟儿什么时候醒来，以及树木在四季散发地味道，我甚至记得人们地表情，走姿以及身上地味道.记忆中地味道是那么地丰富.TuWrUpPObXP1791.请告贵公司贸易条款2.承蒙大力推销我方拖鞋，不胜感激！3.请将些列货品尽快寄至上述地址，谢谢4.兹通知，标题货物已于昨日有“和平”轮装出5.现随寄我方销售合同第HN38号一式两份，请查收6.请托运人特别注意本提单内与该货保险效力有关地免责事项和条款7.现另邮我方最新产品目录及价目单.希望价格和质量均适合你方需要8.承蒙建议做我方代理，但因我们之间尚不十分熟悉，不如待日后做开交易，在谈此事为宜9.贵公司2005年8月31日地传真函敬悉.感谢你们合作地诚意，我厂将以积极地态度早日促成合作地到来10.兹附上我方第5368号形式发票一式两份；计500辆“永久”牌自行车，1993年10月交货.务请注意，该形式发票有效期至1993年9月1日止.7qWAq9jPqE1. While we appreciate what you stated in your letter of Dec.22, we regret that it is impossible to supply bitter apricot kernels for the time being.llVIWTNQFk感谢贵方12月22日来函，但遗憾地是，我们目前暂不能提供苦杏仁.2. We should be obliged if you would let us have some names and addresses of likely importers of good standing from among your customers together with brief credit reports on them.yhUQsDgRT1 如蒙告知贵行客户中可靠地进口商号及地址，并附其资信报告，我们将不胜感激.3. We have received your letter of 2nd March,with a price-list of your products enclosed therein.MdUZYnKS8I3月2日来函及所附贵厂产品价目单均获悉.4. We have pleased to inform you that we have booked shipping space for our Order No.4256 of chemical fertilizer on S.S “Peace” with ETA the 15th May.09T7t6eTno兹通知，我方4265号化肥订单舱位订妥，由“和平”号装运，该轮预计5月15日抵达.5. The smallest order we can fill for the goods is 1000 yards.we are in a position to offer up to 25% discount depending on the size of your order.e5TfZQIUB5该货起订量为1000码，根据订单大小，我们看提供高达25%地折扣.6. Enclosed are our latest catalogs and price-list. Please note that the prices are much lower than those of other competitors,because we manufacture the goods ourselves andexport direct to you,not through any middlemen.s1SovAcVQM随函附寄最新目录和价目单.请注意，我方货物系自己生产，且不通过任何中间商直接出口，故价格比其他竞争者均优惠.GXRw1kFW5s7. Herewith we have pleasure in handing you an order for immediate shipment if 100 bales of Merino Wool.UTREx49Xj9 兹寄上本公司订单，请立即发运100包“美利奴”羊毛.8. Claims , if any, must be made within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination,after which no claims will be entertained.8PQN3NDYyP万一发生索赔，必须于货到目地地30天内提出，过期不予受理.9. Thank you very much for your letter of June 5 with samples and price-list. We have made our choice and take pleasure in enclosing our Order No.368.mLPVzx7ZNw6月5日函、样品盒价目单均收到，谢谢.我们业已选妥，并随附368号订单.10. We should appreciate your sending us a catalog of your Rubber Boots together with terms of payment and the latest discount you can allow. AHP35hB02d请寄橡胶鞋目录一份，并注明付款条件及最大折扣.版权申明本文部分内容，包括文字、图片、以及设计等在网上搜集整理.版权为个人所有This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design. Copyright is personal ownership.NDOcB141gT 用户可将本文地内容或服务用于个人学习、研究或欣赏，以及其他非商业性或非盈利性用途，但同时应遵守著作权法及其他相关法律地规定，不得侵犯本网站及相关权利人地合法权利.除此以外，将本文任何内容或服务用于其他用途时，须征得本人及相关权利人地书面许可，并支付报酬.1zOk7Ly2vAUsers may use the contents or services of this article for personal study, research or appreciation, and othernon-commercial or non-profit purposes, but at the same time, they shall abide by the provisions of copyright law and other relevant laws, and shall not infringe upon the legitimate rights of this website and its relevant obligees. In addition, when any content or service of this article is used for other purposes, written permission and remuneration shall be obtained from the person concerned and the relevant obligee.fuNsDv23Kh 转载或引用本文内容必须是以新闻性或资料性公共免费信息为使用目地地合理、善意引用，不得对本文内容原意进行曲解、修改，并自负版权等法律责任.tqMB9ew4YXReproduction or quotation of the content of this article must be reasonable and good-faith citation for the use of news or informative public free information. It shall not misinterpret or modify the original intention of the content of this article, and shall bear legal liability such as copyright.HmMJFY05dE。
人民大2023实用现代商务英语翻译(第二版)PPTUnit 11
（2）表示相关当事人的术语 applicant （申请开证人） accountee （开证人） beneficiary（受益人） drawee （付款人） drawer （出票人） issuing / establishing bank （开证行） advising / notifying bank（通知行） negotiating bank （议付行） paying bank （付款行） reimbursing bank （偿付行） confirming bank （保兑行）
译文：只有出口人提供与信用证45675 号项下相符的全套单 据, 本行才予承付。
此例中，honor的意思是“兑现”“承付”，accept and pay（如期支付，承兑），honor a bill （cheque，draft ， etc. ） （兑现票据（支票，汇票等））。
此外，信用证英语中的acceptance指的是“承兑，认付”； 即买方在见到汇票时答应并签字确认，待到汇票到期后一定付 款，（accept/promise to pay on due date by signing the draft ）而不是马上付款。Collect是“到付”的意思，如 freight collected即“运费到付”。
译文：除非信用证在此另有规定，开证行见到银行提示 前的任何议付费用和其他费用都向受益人收取。
此例中，herein 的意思是“在此”，unless otherwise stipulated 这个短语经常会出现在信用证英语 中，相当于一个固定的词组，意思为“除非另有规定”。
例6：We hope that you will take commercial reputation into account in all seriousness and open L/C at once, otherwise you will be responsible for all the losses arising therefrom .
英译汉第十一课
the speakers, nor short enough for the hearers.
during my absence. • 我坚决反对我不在的时候作出的决定。 • 3）These two lines are not clear. Let's just give
them a miss.
• 这两行不清楚，咱们跳过去不看吧。
短语
• 1) The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war.
• 否定一部分意义，而不是全部意义。 • All that glitters is not gold. • 闪光的并不一定都是金子。 • All criminals are not murderers. • 罪犯并非都是杀人犯。 • Every man cannot be a poet. • 并非人人都能成为诗人。 • Great man are not always wise. • 伟人并非总是聪明的。
赶快把信寄出去 4）The examination left no doubt that the patient had
died of cancer. 调查结果清清楚楚地说明病人死于癌症。
• 5） He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.
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Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Differences between E & C —E：abstract concepts & ideas
vague distinction between
concrete objects & generalized concepts
—pragmatic function (implication)
—semantic focus
—to express objectiveness —to show a formal style
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Differences between E & C —C: covert passiveness —E: passive voice
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Negative v.s. affirmative —perspectives of thinking —implied negative
Created with Haiku Deck
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Each language has its unique ways of saying things And this is based on different aspects of view
Photo by Wiedmaier - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https:///photos/18133618@N00 Created with Haiku Deck
new Chinese-style outfits
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Differences between E & C —C：abstract concepts & concrete
things are quite different to the
Chinese minds.
14th November, 2014 Week 11
Photo by Tc Morgan - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License https:///photos/63114962@N08
Created with Haiku Deck
new Chinese-style outfits
开襟 front opening
连肩袖 the raglan sleeve
立领旗袍裙 cheongsam skirt with stand up collar
Photo by Wiedmaier - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https:///photos/18133618@N00
Created with Haiku Deck
Today’s Agenda
—review on Unit 4 (II)
—Unit 5 (I)
Photo by Wiedmaier - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https:///photos/18133618@N00
Photo by Wiedmaier - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https:///photos/18133618@N00
Created with Haiku Deck
new Chinese-style outfits
Created with Haiku Deck
Chinese President Xi Jinping, his wife Peng Liyuan and guests were all wearing Chinese-style outfits made of silk and specially designed to represent China's rich history and old tradition.
立领 stand up collar 对开襟 Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front 连肩袖 the raglan sleeve 提花万字纹 the swastika decoration pattern 宋源自面料the Song Brocade
立领 stand up collar
对开襟 Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front 连肩袖the raglan sleeve
双宫缎面料 douppioni
Photo by Wiedmaier - Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License https:///photos/18133618@N00
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Translation Skills
—generalization —specification —adding category words
Passive voice
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language