高一英语必修4 unit4语法

注意一： V-ing 作状语必须具备以下两个条件：
1.使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须 与主句的主语一致；
2.使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与主 句主语的关系必须是主动关系。
1. 使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语 必须与主句的主语一致。如：
seeing 的逻辑主语也是the thief
Read the sentences from the text.
1. I stood for a minute watching them and went to greet them. V-ing 作伴随状语
2. She stepped back appearingVs-iunrgp作ris伴ed随…状语 3. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in
7. 不该知道的事别去打听。 Don’t be t_o_o__c_u_ri_o_u_s__a_b_o_u_t_ things you’re not supposed to know.
8. 鸽子象征和平。 The dove _re_p__re_s_e_n_t_s__ peace. 9. 她总把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。 She always _r_e_p_r_e_s_e_n_ts__h_e_r_s_e_lf_a_s____ the kindest mother in the world.
smiling, together with … V-ing 作伴随状语 4. They also express their feelings using
unspoken language through physical distance… V-ing 作方式状语
二、V-ing 形式作状语
V-ing 短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰 谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的 时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随 等情况。V-ing短语作状语，在功能上 相当于一个完整的状语从句。
2. V-ing 作原因状语
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
Being a student, you should study hard. =Since you are a student, you should study hard.
4. V-ing 作伴随状语
He sat on the sofa, watching TV. =He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. = They came into the classroom and they sang and laughed. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。
Practice:
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The competition attracted over 600 competitors r_e_p_r_e_s_e_n_ti_n_g_ (represent) 10 different countries.
2. She asked him c_u_r_i_o_u_s_ly_ (curious) why he had that hobby.
5. V-ing 作结果状语
eg: Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off.
全国到处在传唱这首歌曲, 使它成了一首 最受欢迎的歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country, __m__a_k_in_g__it__th_e__m_o_s_t_p__o_p_u_la_r__so_n__g___.
1. The bottle which contained the poison was sent to the laboratory.
The bottle containing the poison was sent to the laboratory.
2. The building which is being built now is our new library.
• When working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
• =When he worked in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 1. If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time. Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 2. Though it was raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
V-ing 作状语
a running man
The man running in
后置定语
the picture is Liu Xiang.
The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.
Practice
Rewrite the following sentences.
b__y shaking hands. 5. Miss Wang lives close t_o_ her school.
IV. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. As soon as her son came up to her, she k_i_s_s_ed__h_i_m__o_n__th_e__c_h_e_ek__ (吻了一下他 的面颊).
1. V-ing作时间状语
Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)
_H_e_a_r_in_g__t_h_e_b_a_d__n_e_w_s_, they couldn’t help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
2. W__e__lo_o_k_e_d__a_r_o_u_n_d_________ (我们环顾 四周), but we found nothing strange.
3. I_t_l_o_o_k_e_d__a_s _if_ (看起来好像) there was something wrong with him.
1. At the important meeting held last week, he introduced me t_o_ all the people present.
2. The mother reached _o_u_t her hands to her little son.
3. I nodded _a_t him as I passed his office. 4. People in this country greet each other
6. V-ing 作让步状语
Working from morning till night, his father didn’t get enough food. =Although his father worked from morning till night, he didn’t get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是 挣不到足够的吃的。
Seeing the policeman, the thief ran away quickly.
= When he saw the policeman, the thief ran away quickly.
2.使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主 语与主句主语的关系必须是主动关系。 如： _H__e_a_ri_n_g_ (hear) the good news, they
3. V-ing 作条件状语 Working harder, you will succeed. =If you work harder, you will succeed.
一直往前走, 你就会看到一座白色的房子。
If you walk ahead, you’ll see a white house. _W__a_lk__in_g__a_h_e_a_d_, you will see a white house.
4. It doesn’t seem ugly to me; _o_n_t_h_e_c_o_n_t_r_a_r_y_ (恰恰相反), I think
it’s very beautiful. 5. _P_le_a_s_e_p__u_t_u_p__y_o_u_r_h_a_n_d__f_ir_s_t_ (请先举
couldn’t help burst into cheers. 主句主语 they 与hear 构成主动关系
= When they heard the good news, they
couldn’t help burst into cheers.
对比练习
__S_e_e_in_g__from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box.
3. The time is a_p_p__ro_a_c_h_i_n_g_ (approach) when we must leave.
4. He d_a_s_h_e_d_ (dash) out without telling us where he was going.
5. I thought she was his wife — I must have _m_i_s_u_n_d_e_r_st_o_o_d_ (misunderstand).
The building being built now is our new library.
3. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
6. Do you practise s_p_o_k_e_n__/_s_p_e_a_k_in__g_ (speak) English every day?
7. It is _li_k_e_ly_ (like) that he will do the job well.
III. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
_S_e_e_n____from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.
s源自文库e
注意二：
有时为了使V-ing 形式作状语所表达的时间、条 件、让步等意思更加明确，可在V-ing 形式前加 上适当的连词( when, while, if, though, even if…）
手) before you ask your teacher
questions in class.
6. 她是在29届奥运会获得金牌的第一位运动员。 She was t_h_e_f_ir_s_t _at_h_le_t_e_t_o_w_i_n_t_h_e_g_o_ld__m_e_d_a_l _ in the 29th Olympic Games.