高考英语二轮复习阅读理解长难句理解使用“括号法”学案
高考英语二轮专题复习：阅读理解长难句处理技巧与分析建议
高考英语专题复习：阅读理解长难句的处理方法 阅读理解的文章一般都选自国外的一些网站或者杂志，是原汁原味的美文，有些词汇和句式的难度较大。
词汇运用灵活，高级词汇较多，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现。
句式复杂，长句、意思隐晦句、复合句较多，定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句出现频率较高。
那么正确理解长难句式是做好阅读理解题的一个关键。
1.较复杂单句的处理方法——找主谓语，即找主干成分注意谓语动词：找到了谓语动词，就说明有句子存在。
首先，如何寻找谓语动词呢？很简单，有时态变化的动词就一定是谓语。
然后，顺着谓语动词往前找，如果有引导词存在，说明这个谓语动词所在的句子就是个从句，再根据句子成分判断这是哪种从句。
At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute(道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.【解析】此句的主语为a microcomputer，也有两个谓语，即locks 和sets。
However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years.【解析】此句的主语为many scientists，主语里面包含了一个由who引导的定语从句。
主句有两个谓语，即are doubtful和say，say后面又包含了一个宾语从句。
2.复合句的处理方法——找连接词注意并列连词或从属连词：常见的并列连词有and ,but ,yet ,or ,so ,for ,not only…but also…看到这些单词或短语，一般就有并列结构存在，并且很可能存在着省略问题。
巧解阅读理解中的长难句学案-高三英语二轮复习
巧解阅读理解中的长难句及真题演练英语阅读中长难句的理解一直是考查的重点，请结合课件内容分析下列句子并翻译。
如何处理长难句？英语长难句结构分析法如下：1、找谓语，定类型（根据谓语确定句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句）2、抓主干，去枝叶（抓住句子的主谓，去掉附属成分，如定语，状语等）3、寻关联，辩逻辑（注意并列句和复合句的连接词，然后分别对主从句层层分析，逐层剥离）4、看搭配，防分隔（注意插入语，同位语，后置定语会将句子的主谓宾隔开）5、注意特殊句型（省略，倒装，强调句等）高考英语长难句分析分析长难句对于提高英语阅读水平有着非常重要的作用，大家可以运用上面讲的方法好好读一读、分析分析，希望对你有帮助。
1.Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic PresidentSamaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona.2.We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area and many studentsraised money for them.3.But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a lot ofthem are still ending up on paper.4.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses whostood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.5.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme andanyone who was a lively interest in their pet, whether it be a cat,dog orsnake!6.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use ofInternet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works inan office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers startworking overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.7.I plan to remember this year's vacation season with just two words: NEVERAGAIN. Never again,that is, will I take all my technology along.8.It is your personality that determines whether people are attracted to, orshy away from you.9.If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos whereanimal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.10.The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the youngerthey become aware of them, the more likely they are to becomeresponsible, forward-planning adults who manage their financesconfidently and effectively.11.His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently enough when, as chairmanof Computer Associates International, a software company, He first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.12.Not only can we improve the personality, but also develop it in ways we previously did not understand, or believe possibl e.13.F or the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by theWorld Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.(2021全国乙）14.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no meansthe biggest source of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. (2021全国乙）15.Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush tomodernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, includingmany of its finest buildings .(2022全国甲）16.What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning iscentral to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. (2023浙江1月）17.InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact”solardevelopment, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(2023浙江1月）。
高考英语- 括号法解长难句
高中英语学习中，特别是阅读理解中，“长难句”最麻烦。
今天小简老师为同学们整理了通过分析英语句子中的重要特点“三长两短一并列”创造了一套好用的方法，助同学们轻松解决长难句问题！01什么是“三长两短一并列”我们先来看两句话：①我是李辉。
(I am Li Hui.)②我爱你。
(I love you. )这两句话中只有"主干成分"而没有"修饰成分"。
像这样的句子，中文和英文的"语序"(单词排列顺序)基本是一致的，都是"主-系-表"或者"主-谓-宾"，理解起来非常容易。
然而，加上修饰成分后，中文与英文句子之间的语序就会发生变化。
来看两个例子：①我是中国的李辉。
(I am Li Hui from China.)②我全心全意地爱你。
(I love you with all my heart.)从例子中可以看出，修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。
而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时，该句子就会变得很长，不易理解。
例如：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, Ireturned to my office.这个句子中含有大量的"介词短语"这种修饰成分。
我们给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号，该句就会变成：(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).此时大家便可发现，这个句子虽然很长，但是真正的主干其实只有I returned两个单词而已。
可见，介词短语正是让英语句子变得又长又难的原因之一！当然，以上几个句子还比较简单（少量介词短语对句意理解的影响不大），但是，当句子中出现更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时，可想而知，由于中英文语序的不同，英文句子会变得"面目全非"，令人难以理解。
江苏高考英语复习括号法解长难句
高中英语学习中，特别是阅读理解中，“长难句”最麻烦。
今天小简老师为同学们整理了通过分析英语句子中的重要特点“三长两短一并列”创造了一套好用的方法，助同学们轻松解决长难句问题！01什么是“三长两短一并列”我们先来看两句话：①我是李辉。
(I am Li Hui.)②我爱你。
(I love you. )这两句话中只有"主干成分"而没有"修饰成分"。
像这样的句子，中文和英文的"语序"(单词排列顺序)基本是一致的，都是"主-系-表"或者"主-谓-宾"，理解起来非常容易。
然而，加上修饰成分后，中文与英文句子之间的语序就会发生变化。
来看两个例子：①我是中国的李辉。
(I am Li Hui from China.)②我全心全意地爱你。
(I love you with all my heart.)从例子中可以看出，修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。
而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时，该句子就会变得很长，不易理解。
例如：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, Ireturned to my office.这个句子中含有大量的"介词短语"这种修饰成分。
我们给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号，该句就会变成：(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).此时大家便可发现，这个句子虽然很长，但是真正的主干其实只有I returned两个单词而已。
可见，介词短语正是让英语句子变得又长又难的原因之一！当然，以上几个句子还比较简单（少量介词短语对句意理解的影响不大），但是，当句子中出现更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时，可想而知，由于中英文语序的不同，英文句子会变得"面目全非"，令人难以理解。
高考英语二轮复习专题14阅读理解教学案(含解析)
专题14 阅读理解高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
Ⅰ.阅读理解题策略一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。
即先看试题，再读文章。
阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。
其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40词左右。
必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
速读全文对于主旨大意题的解决尤其有效，能快速抓住主干，确定好答案。
三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。
文章绝不是互不相干的句子的堆砌。
作者为文，有脉可循。
如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；议论文则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。
四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。
深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。
它必须忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想像，随意揣测；读者要对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。
推理题在提问中常用的词有：conclude，infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
高考英语_2020年高中英语二轮复习_破解文章长难句_阅读理解_课件(全国通用版)
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Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
6.(2019全国Ⅲ,D篇)A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.
provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. 句意:如果你是一个住在这个省某个地方的青少年,你就符合这
个项目的条件,这个项目提供为期八周的带薪工作和培训。 分析:本句是一个主从复合句。句首是If引导的条件状语从句,第
二个逗号之后为which引导的非限制性定语从句,对先行词program 进行补充和说明。
but by smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on
others,among whom I soon found myself.
句意:他们地位的升迁不是靠为人友好,而是靠抽烟、违反规定
和开别人的玩笑,我很快就发现自己是其中一员。
分析:本句是一个复合句。among whom引导非限制性定语从句。
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Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
6.(2019全国Ⅰ,七选五)Hospital patients who see tree branches out
their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see
2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读长难句分析课件(共22张PPT)
2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读长难句分析课件(共22张PPT)(共22张PPT)英语长难句的分析与应用Analysis and Application of Long and Complex Sentences③Steps to draw a tree①②trunkbranchesleavesLead-inA complex sentenceShe smiled. ①主+谓I love you. ②主+谓+宾I give you my heart. ③主+谓+间宾+直宾You make me crazy. ④主+谓+宾+宾补You are wonderful. ⑤主+系+表五大基本句型Basic Sentence Patterns主语subject+ 谓语verb= trunkExplanation句子种类Four Types of Sentences简单句Simple Sentences: 仅一个主谓结构并列句Compound Sentences: 并列连词连接句子和句子（and, but, so，while，or……)复合句Complex Sentences: 从属连词连接从句和主句（状从，定从，名从）（when, if, because,which,who,that, where,what, why,how……)并列复合句Compound-Complex Sentences: 有并列连词和从属连词branchesExplanationWhat makes a sentence complex介词短语、从句、非谓语动词（三长）形容词、副词（两短）同位语、插入语（两语）并列结构（一并列）修饰语leavesExplanation介词短语从句非谓语动词形容词副词同位语插入语并列结构The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help their patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. (2023 新高考全国Ι卷)Warming-up Exercise1.Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. （22甲B）2.The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（22甲C）3. Accompanied throughout by "New Scientist" astronomer and science journalist Abigail Beall, tourists will observe stars through telescopes at the observatories in person and meet local experts.（9月限时训练）同位语同位语从句非谓语动词做状语说出划线部分是修饰语中的哪一种介词短语4.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. (22乙B)5.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. (21甲D)并列结构状语从句插入语插入语：解释说明作用，常用逗号或破折号，如“according to……”等，阅读时可以__________。
高考英语二轮专题教学案：阅读理解
2013高考英语二轮专题思路点拨及增分训练—阅读理解08【考点定位】2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布高考对说明文的考查多为科普说明文，它是阅读理解重要内容，也是高考考查难点。
科普类“阅读理解”题愈来愈受到命题者的青睐｡而科普类文章往往具有跨学科､行文逻辑性强等特点,要求考生能从文章的整体逻辑以及重要细节上全面把握｡【试题特点】①注重学科渗透,行文逻辑性强,内容抽象｡②贴近学生的学习､生活实际,有利于激发学生的思维,对选拔优秀考生有一定的作用｡③能全面地考查学生的综合阅读能力和运用所学知识去分析､解决实际问题的能力｡(4)科学方法图示判断题科普说明文常出现科学方法图示判断题，这种试题或以生物依赖关系为命题题点，要求考生判断正确的生物依赖关系；或以工艺流程为命题题点，要求考生判断正确的流程顺序，或以生产方法为命题题点，要求考生判断正确的生产方法；或以机械配制为命题题点，要求考生判断正确的机械配制。
解题时一定要认真阅读分析原文对生物依赖关系、发明创造诞生过程和工艺流程过程的介绍，并且边读边画简易草图，以提高理解准确率。
分析备选项时应对照原文介绍情况，找出各图不同之处，以便最终做出正确判断。
【考点pk】名师考点透析考点一、细节事实理解。
一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。
细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。
此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct?2.Which of the following is not mentioned?3.All of the following are true except...4.According to the passage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？1.直接事实题在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。
超实用高考英语专题复习：专题1 阅读理解长难句分析-高考英语二轮复习
2. 提主干，去枝叶
First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique.
●解析：“whereas”提示前后对比；not unusual=usual； not...until...直到……才……
3.寻关联，辨逻辑
翻译：一个女人最 亲密的女性朋友最 可能是第一个告诉 她离开一次失败的 婚姻的人；而听见 一个男人说，直到 他的朋友一天晚上 问他是否可以睡在 他家的沙发上，他 才知道他朋友的婚 姻已非常糟糕，这 是很平常的事。
2. 提主干，去枝叶
一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句 所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把 握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如：
First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique.
2024届高三英语高考第二轮复习之高考长难句的剖析及应用课件
typical white walls and black tiles, forming a beautiful natural
picture.
加非谓语动词短语
Homework: 2024全国高考乙
卷长难句分析
Thank You!
4)那有着层层 种植油菜花的 金黄的梯田，与白墙黛瓦的居民屋 交相辉映，构成一副唯美的天然画卷。
4) There are layers of golden terraces planted with oilseed rape
flowers, which complement the residential buildings with their
加非谓语（短语）
8. Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, who owns 5 big business companies in USA, accidentally met a beautiful girl, when he was trying to buy a shirt in a shop, and he soon fell in love with her, wishing to take care of her during the rest of his life.
高考长难句的 剖析及应用
part 1: Simple sentence 简单句
part 2: The formation of a long sentence 长难句
CONTENT part 3:Analysis of long sentences
in College Entrance Examination 剖析分解高考中的长难句
3) There are layers of golden terraces planted with oilseed rape flowers, which complement the residential buildings with their typical white walls and black tiles.
高考英语阅读括号法解决长难句
括号法解决长难句一、什么是“三长两短一并列”？例句1：我是Bruce。
I am Bruce. （主系表）例句2：我喝果汁。
I drink juice. （主谓宾）例句3：我是来自上海的Bruce。
I am Bruce from Shanghai.例句4：我在家里喝果汁。
I drink juice at home.例句5：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon,I returned to my office.(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the英语中主要的只有五种修饰成分，称为“三长两短”。
它们是使句子变复杂的主要因素，再加上同样会使句子变复杂的“平行并列结构”，统称为“三长两短一并列”(1)句子主干部分：英语中的五大基本句型主语+谓语I come.主语+谓语+宾语I learn English.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语You teach us English.主语+谓语+宾语+补语You make me happy.主语+系动词+表语English is interesting.(2)句子修饰成分：“三长两短”“两短”：形容词、副词“三长”：介词短语、从句、非谓语(3)一并列——平行并列结构由“并列词” and/ or/ but/ as well as/ not only..., but also.../ both... and.../ either...or.../ neither... nor...等, 将两个或两个以上“含义相似，结构相同”的“并列项”连接起来构成的结构。
简记为“A and B”或“A, B and C”。
2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解暑期提前训练导学案(含答案)
2024高考英语阅读理解一轮复习暑期提前训练导学案Topic：(应用文)The Anheuser Buxch Brewery tour is not just for beer lovers. The tour includes the historic Brew House. Then the tour continues to the modern Bevo Packaging Plant. The best will be the Budweiser Clydesdale stables. The tours are always free.Gateway ArchDesigned by Eero Sarinen and Hannskari Bandel, it took over two years and 900 tons of stainless steel to build. It is the tallest of the country’s National Monuments. The Arch is part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial. About one million people per year come to the top of the Arch, where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city.St. Louis ZooFirst version of the St. Louis Zoo opened in 1904 at the St. Louis World’s Fair, but in the century since it has grown into one of the chief zoos in the world. The passenger train takes visitors around the Zoo, which contains over 9,000 animals of over 800 species.The Zoo is open every day but Christmas and New Year, with summer hours of 8 AM to 7 PM, and hours the rest of the year of 9 AM to 5 PM. Admission to the Zoo is free.1．If a senior high school student plans to visit American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog with his parents and his five-year-old brother, he has to pay ______.A．$8.5B．$12C．$13.5【答案&解析】1．细节理解题。
2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解长难句分析课件
Frost thinks kids don`t find the experience of being taught by smart machine as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones.
重点词汇语法解析： （1）donate: 赠送；献（血）；捐献（器官）;捐款，捐赠； donation : 名词形式 donate something to somebody/something : 将…捐献给某人/某物；
（2）过去分词短语做后置定语：表示被动 a book written by Moyan :一本由莫言写的书； a shopping mall opened last month: 一个上个月开张的购物商场；
句子翻译： Frost认为孩子们不像老人那样觉得被智能机器教导的经历和奇怪，因为 他们生长在一个手机和电脑都很普及的时代。
She and a group friends are using their program skill to create a new app called Food of Thought , which will allow parents, students and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students who are in a nearby school.
长句翻译: 杰基选择的那家公司只打算雇用一个人，但有二十多ime, I started playing in a band with a Chinese man who became one of my best friends in Beijing.
2023高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专题 第6讲 长难句分析
长难句分析练习 Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must
select the exact television programs and stations as well as
4.含有插入语：忽略插入语，直奔主题
The lack of right male role models in many of their lives — at home and particularly in the school environment — means that their peers are the only people they have to judgoss China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures. 主干: Schools are expected to hire 5000 college graduates.
◎真题演练
5. (2020年全国I卷C篇) According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. （2020年全国I 卷C篇）
高中英语括号法教学设计
高中英语括号法教学设计一、教学背景：随着全球化的进程，英语作为一门国际通用语言，对学生的英语水平要求越来越高。
而其中的语法知识是英语学习的基础，其中之一就是括号法的运用。
括号法在英语写作中起着非常重要的作用，它能够使文章更加具有逻辑性和条理性。
因此，本教学设计将通过括号法的教学来提高学生的英语写作能力。
二、教学目标：1. 知识目标：通过本节课的学习，学生将能够了解什么是括号法以及它的使用方法。
2. 能力目标：学生能够在英语写作中正确地使用括号法，提高文章的逻辑性和条理性。
3. 情感目标：培养学生对英语写作的兴趣和自信心，激发他们对英语学习的热情。
三、教学重点和难点：1. 教学重点：让学生了解括号法的作用和使用方法。
2. 教学难点：让学生在实际写作中正确地运用括号法。
四、教学方法：本节课将采用任务型教学法，将知识点和实际应用相结合，通过让学生参与各种活动来培养他们的英语写作能力。
五、教学过程：1. 导入阶段：教师用一个有关括号法的问题引入课程，例如：What is the function of parentheses in English writing?通过这个问题，激发学生的思考，引发他们对本节课的兴趣。
2. 知识讲解阶段：教师通过幻灯片或者板书的形式，讲解括号法的定义、使用方法以及注意事项。
同时，教师可以通过举例子的方式来帮助学生更好地理解。
3. 练习阶段：a. 学生小组互动练习：将学生分成小组，让他们利用括号法来写一段句子，然后相互交换并互相修改。
通过互动练习，学生可以更加熟练地运用括号法。
b. 教师指导训练：教师提供一篇英语短文，并在短文中有意安排一些地方需要使用括号法。
教师引导学生找出这些地方，并让学生在课堂上进行修改和完善，同时解释修改的原因。
4. 写作任务：将学生分为若干组，每组给予一个具体的英语写作任务，要求学生在写作过程中运用括号法。
学生可以在小组合作的过程中相互讨论并提出修改建议。
高三英语二轮复习语填长难句讲义
高三英语专题复习（五）语法填空：长难句解题技巧教学目标：1、知识目标：复习语法填空的基本解题技巧，尤其是分析长难句找准主从句及其相互关系，正确使用所给单词形式或正确词汇填空。
2、能力目标：强化学生语感，提升学生的语言运用能力，熟练使用语言的交际功能。
教学重点：语法填空的基本解题思路和技巧。
教学难点：分析长难句，找主谓结构。
教学方法：小组讨论、纠错分析、练习巩固。
教学过程：Step 1. Leadin语法填空的常考点：有单词提示：动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词等。
无单词提示：冠词、介词、副词、连词等。
Step 2. Presentationmon mistakes1、不能正确联系上下文，生搬硬套解题思路：For Tian, tea making is not only a heritage, 62 is also what has made a better life possible for her and her family.Growing and selling tea makes our wallets 'swollen' and, moreover, 70 (attract) more tourists to the tea gardens.2、未能分析从句所需的句子成分而用错连词：While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. （2019全国I卷）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. （2020全国III卷）Step 3. plicated long sentencesTypes and typical tests1、复合句：Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered in the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.（2020浙江卷）2、一句话中考查多个考点：Each volume in the set explores 61 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 62 discusses the influences they have on everyday life.（2000全国新高考II卷）3、并列句子成分或并列句：题干中常有and, or, but等并列连词或逗号等标点符号引出两个或多个并列的内容。
专题01 长难句解题技巧 学案 2022届高考英语二轮复习
专题01长难句解题技巧1.题型介绍高考英语长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。
这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。
通过打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。
2. 解题技巧①带有较多成分的简单句:去枝叶，留主干。
Schools across China(介词短语作定语) are expected to hire 50,000 college(定语) graduates this year(时间状语) as short-term teachers（介词短语做状语）, almost three times the number（同位语） hired last year(过去分词短语作定语), to help reduce unemployment pressures(目的状语).②含有多个从句的复合句：找从属连词, 分析从句, 理解句意。
Whereas(引导状语从句表对比) a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say that（引导宾语从句）he didn’t know that （引导宾语从句内的宾语从句）his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until （引导时间状语从句）he appeared one night asking if（引导非谓语所带宾语从句） he could sleep on the sofa.③含有插入语的句子：忽略插入成分, 直奔句子主题。
The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their lives—at home and particularly in the school environment (环境)（插入成分）—means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.④成分省略：把握大意, 找出上文对应信息, 补充省略成分。
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2020届二轮复习阅读理解长难句理解使用“括号法”学案什么是“三长两短一并列”大家先来看两句话：①我是李辉。
(I am Li Hui.)②我爱你。
(I love you. )这两句话中只有“主干成分”而没有“修饰成分”。
这种简单句在中文和英文中的“语序”(单词排列顺序)基本是一致的，都是“主—系—表”或者“主—谓—宾”，理解起来so easy。
但是加上修饰成分后，中文与英文句子的语序就发生了变化。
例如：①我是有道的李辉。
(I am Li Hui from You Dao.)②我全心全意地爱你。
(I love you with all my heart.)从例子中可以看出，修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。
而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时，该句子就会变成让人头疼的长难句。
例如：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.如果给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号，该句就会变成：(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).看到这里大家就明白啦，这个句子虽然很长，但是真正的主干只有I returned 两个单词而已。
所以不要害怕长难句，你看这里就是介词短语给英语句子多穿了几层衣服~当然，由于以上几个句子还比较简单，这些介词短语对句意理解的影响不大。
但是，当句子中加上更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时，又由于中英文语序的不同，英文句子会变得“面目全非”，令人难以理解。
Fortunately，尽管这些修饰成分数量可以很多、位置也不好把握，但是，它们的种类却是非常固定的。
总体来看将这些修饰成分可以总结为“三长两短”：所谓“三长”，就是构成长难句的三种较长修饰成分，即介词短语、从句、非谓语动词短语。
所谓“两短”，指的是镶嵌于句子之中的、会稍稍提高句子复杂度的两种较短修饰成分，即形容词、副词。
而除了“三长两短”之外，另外一个使句子变得复杂的结构就是“平行并列结构”。
“平行并列结构”是由一些并列关系的连词(and、or、as well as等)构成，是将句子变长的重要手段。
大家只需要谨记，再长的句子都是由原本非常简单的主干成分(主干成分的基本语序和中文语序一致）构成。
至于那些与中文语序不一致的“特殊句型”，如there be句型、It is adj. for sb. to do句型、倒装句型、强调句型等等，也是加上这“三长两短一并列”组成的。
跟着辉哥走，长难句没在怕的！给“三长两短一并列”做标记在此之前，我们要先学会每一种成分该从何处标起，又从何处结束。
下面会分别对“三长两短一并列”进行具体介绍，并给出每一种成分的标记方法。
(Attention，不同成分应该用不同的标记，如可以给“三长”加括号，给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加下划线。
)1、“三长”概念(1)介词短语【定义】从介词开始到名词结束、表达一个独立的完整的含义的结构。
【起止标识】标记介词短语时，要从介词开始到介词之后的第一个名词终止。
如：at home、in the school、in the beautiful park、during my happychildhood、over the last few years、for three weeks、to the destination【例句】(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours)(from 2:00 to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).(2)从句【定义】从句是复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、which、if、although等关系词引导的非主句部分。
【起止标识】标记从句时，一定从关系词开始，到以下四种终止。
①到句尾终止，如：Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English).②到句中的逗号终止，如：(When I was young), I listened to the radio.③到下一个修饰成分终止，如：I will invite Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) to Beijing.(to Beijing是介词短语，属于另一个修饰成分，故从句的标记在此处终止)④到下一个谓语动词终止，如Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) is studying in Shanghai.(3)非谓语动词短语【定义】非谓语动词是指动词在句子中“不是谓语”时的几种变化形式，主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)三类。
非谓语动词不能独立作谓语，而是充当句子的其他成分。
由非谓语动词开头的、表示一个独立、完整的含义的结构叫做非谓语动词短语。
【起止标识】标记非谓语动词短语时，一定是从动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)或分词(现在分词doing或过去分词done)开头，到以下四种情况终止。
①到句尾终止，如：Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English).②到句中的逗号终止，如：(To improve my English), I often listen to the English radio.③到下一个修饰成分终止，如：Jack walked into the hall, (waving) to the audience. (to theaudience是介词短语，属于另一修饰成分。
)④到下一个谓语动词终止，如：We, (singing a happy song), rode to school.2．“两短”概念(1)形容词【定义】形容词是指用来修饰名词的单词，往往带有-ous、-y、-ful、-able 等后缀；有时名词也能起到形容词的作用。
【常见位置】①一般置于名词之前，如a beautiful park。
②修饰不定代词(something、anything、nothing、somebody、anybody、nobody)时置于不定代词之后，如“一些有趣的事”应译为something interesting。
(2)副词【定义】副词用来修饰形容词、动词等词，往往带有-ly等后缀。
【常见位置】英语中，副词的用法比形容词灵活得多。
①可置于整句之前，如：Unfortunately, he failed to make it.②可置于整句之后，如：The teacher greets his students individually.③可置于“助动词、系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前”，如：Theprincess looks extremely beautiful today. (系动词之后)Heimmediately saw the black cat. (实义动词之前)Hehas undoubtedly fallen in love with the princess. (助动词之后，实义动词之前)Hecan hardly speak anything. (情态动词之后，实义动词之前)④可置于形容词或副词之前，如：There is an extremely beautiful garden in our campus.从上面的分析可以看出，虽然英文中形容词和副词的在句中的位置和中文略有不同，但一般情况下，它们较短且易于辨识，对句意理解影响不大，因此在给修饰成分做标记时，形容词和副词可不标记。
3．平行并列结构【定义】并行并列结构是指由并列词将两个或两个以上含义相似、结构相同的并列项连接起来构成的结构。
【标记方法】给平行并列结构做标记的要求是：给并列词加方框，给并列项加下划线。
标记时要先找到并列词，然后再找并列项。
在标注形如A and B 的平行并列结构时，应先找B (即右并列项)后找A (即左并列项)。
由于英语中的修饰成分往往置于中心词之后，所以A和B两个并列项后面可能各自带有很长的尾巴，形成“A … and B …”的形式，导致A离and相对较远，不易辨认，而B通常离and很近，容易识别。
找到B之后，利用A和B结构相同、含义相似的原则，很容易将A确定出来。
【常见并列关系】英语中可以并列的成分有很多，读句子时要注意识别到底是谁跟谁并列。
①名词并列：I like the box placed on the desk and the flowersin your hand.②形容词并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and knowledgeableEnglish teacher.③副词并列：You are supposed to answer the following questions quickly and accurately.④谓语动词并列：With the Internet, people can not only playcomputer games but also do online shopping.⑤介词短语并列：And that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.⑥从句并列：I’ve finished reading the book (which is written by Mo Yan) and (which you lent me last month).⑦非谓语动词并列：Singing and laughing,we headed to the park.⑧整句并列：The children can go with us or they can stay at home.三步搞定长难句看到这里大家有没有恍然大悟，原来英语句子都是由“主干部分+三长两短一并列”组成的，我们可把这个“三长两短一并列”称为构成英语句子的“组件”。
想要快速读懂一个句子，就要快速识别并准确译出每一个组件，再按照一定的逻辑将一个个组件连接起来。