2021年大学英语四级翻译预测及答案篇
2021年12月英语四级预测试题及答案
12月英语四级预测试题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Styles of Living. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 有人乐意和父母居住在一起2. 有人想自己独立居住3. 我看法Styles of Living Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7，markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.How Ice Cream Works The U.S. ice cream industry sells about a million gallons of ice cream each year，dispensing cones，gallons，pints，sundaes and other desserts through grocery stores and ice cream shops. In fact，eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert?Not just any frozen treat can be called ice cream. In fact，the U.S. Department of Agriculture has specific rules that define what can and can't be labeled "ice cream". To bear the "Meets USDA Ingredient Standard for Ice Cream" stamp，it has to contain at least 10 percent milk fat，and a minimum of six percent non-fat milk solids. A gallon has to weigh at least 4.5 pounds.The range of milk fat (sometimes referred to as butter fat) used in ice cream can go from the minimum 10 percent to a maximum of about 16 percent. Most premium ice creams use 14 percent milk fat. Higher fat content leads to better，richer taste and a creamier texture. Ice cream makers don't go higher than 16 percent because it would be costly and very high in calories. An ice cream with this much milk fat would also taste so rich that people would probably eat it in smaller amounts，which would be bad news for people who sell ice cream for a living.Other frozen desserts，such as sorbets (果汁冰糕)，low-fat ice cream，and frozen yogurt，are not technically ice cream at all. Frozen custard is ice cream that has at least 1.4 percent egg yolk solids，and "soft serve" can be any frozen milkbased dessert that has not gone through the hardening process—more on that later.In terms of specific ingredients，the recipe for ice cream is simple. But in scientific terms，it's complicated stuff. Ice cream is a colloid，a type of emulsion(乳状液). An emulsion is a combination of two substances that don't normally mix together. Instead，one of the substances is dispersed throughout the other. In ice cream，molecules of fat are suspended in a water-sugar-ice structure along with air bubbles. The presence of air meansthat ice cream is also technically a foam.In addition to milk fat，non-fat milk solids，sugar，and air，ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers. Stabilizers help hold the air bubble structure together and give the ice cream a better texture. Although gelatin(凝胶) was originally used as a stabilizer，xanthan gum，guar gum，and other compounds are used today. Emulsifiers keep the ice cream smooth and aid the distribution of the fat molecules throughout the colloid. Egg yolks were once used，but ice cream manufacturers now tend to use other chemical compounds. These stabilizers and emulsifiers make up a very small proportion (less than one percent) of the ice cream.Making Ice Cream Whether it's being made in your kitchen with a hand crank，at a local homemade ice cream shop with a stand-alone ice cream maker，or in a factory that cranks out thousands of gallons of ice cream every day，the process of making ice cream is basically the same. The only difference is the scale of the operation.First，you need ice cream mix. You can buy commercially made ice cream mix that is set to a certain milk fat content. Ice cream factories usually make their own mix by combining milk，cream and sugar in a 3,000 gallon vat，with the proportions and mixing controlled by computers. The mix is then pasteurized(用巴氏法灭菌)，or heated，to kill any harmful bacteria. If you were to make your own mix at home，you could pasteurize it by cooking it in a double boiler，or use an egg substitute or pasteurized egg product. This step is important because otherwise people who eat your homemade icecream could get sick due to salmonella contamination. According to the Centers for Disease Control，those most at risk include the elderly，very young children，and people with compromised immune systems.The next step in production is adding flavor to the mix. There are thousands of varieties of ice cream，so just about any combination of flavors is possible. From vanilla to cinnamon，chocolate to triple chocolate fudge brownie，it all gets blended into the ice cream mix. In a factory，this step takes place in vats that hold hundreds of gallons of ice cream，while giant steel paddles do the mixing. In your kitchen，a large bowl and a food mixer will work，or even a wooden spoon and muscle power if you want some exercise. Solid chunks such as pieces of fruit，chocolate chunks，marshmallows，and candy are added later.The next step is where and ice cream making machine comes into play. The mix has to be simultaneously frozen and whipped. In a factory，this happens in a giant tube surrounded by pipes. The pipes contain chemicals such as ammonia that freeze the tube，but the ammonia never comes into contact with the ice cream. The ice cream mix is pumped through the tube，where it gets cold very quickly. A dasher，or blade，turns inside the tube. This whips the mixture，introducing the air bubbles that help give ice cream its structure. The dasher also scrapes the sides of the tube，clearing off ice crystals that form there. This prevents large ice crystals from ruining the flavor and texture of the ice cream. All the elements of this process are carefully monitored and controlled by computers. Most homemade ice cream shops use a batch freezer for this step，where the same process happens ona smaller scale.This step can be accomplished at home with a rock salt/ice mixture for freezing and a hand or electric cranked dasher to mix and scrape off the ice crystals.Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker，the process isn't finished. At this point，the mixture is frozen，but still soft. Large chunks of candy and other goodies are now added. Then the ice cream is placed into containers. Factory machines pour it straight into cartons or buckets，or it can be extruded(挤压出)into shapes that have wooden sticks placed into them for individual treats.Now the ice cream needs to be reduced to a very low temperature，zero degrees Fahrenheit or below. Factories make it even colder since they need the ice cream to stay frozen while it is packaged and loaded onto trucks. It needs to be very cold to freeze the ice cream quickly and prevent the formation of large ice crystals. This process is known as hardening. "Soft-serve" is often simply ice cream that has not gone through this process.We'll learn about the ice cream industry in the next section.Ice Cream Industry In 1999，retail sales of ice cream in the U.S.，the worldwide leader in ice cream production，topped $4 billion. In ，more that $20 billion was spent on frozen desserts. The leading states in ice cream consumption are California，Indiana，Pennsylvania，Texas and New York . Americans ate an average of 21.5 quarts of ice cream per person in .With that much money to be made，the ice cream industry can besecretive and underhanded(秘密). Deborah Hanny，owner of Sweet Jenny's Ice cream in Williamsville，NY，protects her recipes carefully. Her shop has been photographed by men in suits and she once caught someone in he upstairs office hurriedly trying to copy down her recipes.Ice cream making secrets are seldom passed down from generation to generation these days. So where do people in the ice cream industry learn their craft?At ice cream school. Pennsylvania State University offers a week-long "Ice Cream Short Course" intended for industry professionals. The course teaches the science and technology used to make ice cream. The also offer Ice Cream 101 for ice cream hobbyists who just want to learn more about their favorite frozen treat. The University of Guelph，Ontario's Dairy Science and Technology school，also has a long history of teaching ice cream science.1. Eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.2. Any frozen treat can be called ice cream.3. In addition to milk fat，non-fat milk solids，sugar，and air，ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers.4. The process of making ice cream at home is different from that in a factory.5. Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker，the process is finished.6. Ice cream making secrets are passed down from generation to generation these days.7. Many universities in U.S.A. offer courses of ice cream science.8. The range of milk fat used in ice cream can go ________.9. In 1999，retail sales of ice cream in the U.S. topped ________.10. With that much money to be made，the ice cream industry can be ________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A] The class thought the demonstration was too complex.[B] Too many students showed up.[C] The professor didn't show up.[D] The professor cancelled it.12. [A] Because nine is an odd number.[B] Because the elevator got stuck.[C] Because the elevator is too old.[D] Because there are too many people in the elevator.13. [A] The rain has stopped.[B] She wants to soak her clothes.[C] She is looking for her clothes.[D] It's raining heavily.14. [A] She goes home for lunch.[B] She spends her time shopping.[C] She gets interested in what she is reading.[D] She doesn't wake up in time.15. [A] To buy some potatoes.[B] To pass him some potatoes.[C] To have some potatoes.[D] to help him cook some potatoes.16. [A] It involved a few lunches.[B] There were free lunches.[C] There were three lunches.[D] There were more than free lunches.17. [A] He decided to continue his project.[B] He was unable to get sufficient money.[C] Lack of land prevented his success.[D] He was successful with his project.18. [A] Painting the room white.[B] Buying white furniture.[C] Waiting the man to decide.[D] Asking Mr. White for advice. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] In the student recreation center.[B] In the campus dining hall.[C] In the university bookstore.[D] In a classroom.20. [A] Studying.[B] Preparing snacks.[C] Playing cards.[D] Learning how to play bridge.21. [A] Miss her card game.[B] Stay up too late.[C] Take too heavy a work load next semester.[D] Neglect her studies to play bridge.22. [A] He already knows how to play.[B] He doesn't like to play games.[C] He doesn't have a partner.[D] He doesn't have enough free time. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] The effect of the atmosphere on rainfall.[B] How conditions on earth support life.[C] How water originated on earth.[D] A new estimate of the age of earth.24. [A] The surface of the ocean is expanding.[B] Volcanic activity is increasing.[C] The surface of earth contains tons of cosmic dust.[D] Thousands of comets are colliding with earth's atmosphere.25. [A] They are found under the oceans.[B] They were most active when earth was first formed.[C] Their emissions created earth's atmosphere.[D] Their fumes are mostly water in the state of a gas.Section B Directions：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] He was trained as an electronics engineer.[B] He was trained as a mechanical engineer.[C] He was trained as a communication engineer.[D] He was trained as a nuclear engineer.27. [A] Fishing and hunting.[B] He began to show great interest in natural beauty.[C] Nuclear science.[D] Amateur radio.28. [A] An old friend of his.[B] His elder brother.[C] His younger brother.[D] his younger son.Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. [A] The Bachelor's degree.[B] The Associate degree.[C] The Master's degree.[D] The Doctor's degree.30. [A] A technical associate degree.[B] A degree which is designed for transfer.[C] A bachelor's degree.[D] The last degree one can ever hope to attain.31. [A] 120 quarter hours.[B] 95 quarter hours.[C] 120 credit hours.[D] 72 credit hours.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. [A] In 1848.[B] In 1846.[C] In 1884.[D] In 1849.33. [A] 8,000 people.[B] 10,000 people.[C] 80,000 people.[D] 100,000 people.34. [A] From the western United States.[B] From all parts of the country.[C] From only the east coast of the American Continent.[D] From San Francisco Bay.35. [A] Because many settlements were abandoned.[B] Because there were many gold-hungry sailors.[C] Because private gold could not be protected by law.[D] Because everybody raced for California.Section C Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank，you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.Mark Twain，who wrote the story we're going to read，traveled quite a lot often because circumstamces，usually (36) ________ circumstances，forced him to He was born in Florida，Missouri in 1835 and moved to Hannibal，Missouri with his family when he was about 4 years old. Most people think he was born in Hannibal but that isn't true. After his father died when he was about 12，Twain worked in Hannibal for a while and then left，so he could (37)________ more money. He worked for a while as a typesetter on (38) ________ newspapers and then got a job as a river (39) ________ on the Mississippi. Twain loved this job and many of his books show it. The river job didn't last，however，because of the (40) ________ of the Civil War. Twain，was in the (41) ________ Army for just 2 weeks and then he and his whole (42) ________ went west to get away from the war and the army. In Nevada and California Twain (43) ________ for silver and gold without much luck，but did succeed as a writer. (44) ____________________________________________________________.(45) _________________________________________________________.(46)___________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section A Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two，but found yourself right back whereyou started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly，you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term，49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing，blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active，51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood，liver，and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity，the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity，the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking，running，rollerblading，swimming，dancing，and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly，if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration，you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short，a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.[A] positive[B] additional[C] duration[D] effective[E] shed[F] physical[G] food[H] functions[I] participated[J] rely[K] cut[L] repeatedly[M] uses[N] little[O] obviousSection B Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences ingenetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities，it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people，simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep，enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature，and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand，it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions，many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful，one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success，but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one's goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success："You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added，" You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like，and to which you have given you best effort."57. In the first paragraph，the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success.[A] ability and goals [C] ability and environment[B] goals and determination [D] goals and environment58. The word "frugal" (Line 2，Para. 2) means ________.[A] wealthy [C] thrifty[B] wasteful [D] miserable59. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________.[A] their life is miserable [C] their goals are too low[B] they do not live in peace [D] they are not rich enough by their own standards.60. The last paragraph implies that ________.[A] we should have high goals [C] success means taking a walk in the park[B] success means achieving great goals [D] success means trying one's best at what onereally likes61. This passage mainly talks about ________.[A] the definition of success [C] how to set goals[B] how to achieve success [D] the importance of goalsPassage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service，he figures his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellite into high earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly，who runs Kelly Space Technology，"I realized the real market is in space tourism."According to preliminary market surveys，there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour，$98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by . This may sound great，but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit—with no oxygen，life support or return trip necessary—already costs and astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn't include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious(爱打官司)passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the spacetourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket".The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do：design a reusable launch system that's inexpensive，safe and reliable. Kelly Space's prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away，but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all，you can't be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far，far away.62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?[A] T ake Vacations in Space [C] Flight Regulations in Space Travels[B] Building Hotels in Space [D] Cost of Space Traveling63. The phrase "bread-and-butter business" (Line 1，Pare.1) mostprobably means ________.[A] a business to sell bread and butter [C] the business to make a living[B] a business to produce bread and butter [D] a traveling agency64. How much is the 2-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington?[A] $1 million. [B] $10,000. [C] $98,000 [D] $22,00065. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A] The biggest hurdle for the space-tourism project is lack of a life supporting system.[B] The entrepreneurs trying to explore the space-tourism have plenty of money.[C] The government has little interests in this project.[D] The first passenger countdowns are within a few years.66. What's the author's tone in the last sentence of the passage?[A] Objective. [C] Approving.[B] Ironical. [D] Enthusiastic.Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 67 overthe centuries. During the 1950s especially，increased attention has been devoted to 68 and describing the reading process. 69 specialists agree that reading 70 a complex organization of higher mental 71 ，they disagree 72 the exact nature of the process. Some experts，who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds，73 reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand 74 .These authorities 75 that meaning，being concerned with thinking，must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is 76 related to thinking，and that a child who pronounces sounds without 77 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader，78 to some，is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 79 reads.Many adults，although they have the ability to read，have never read a book in its 80 . By some experts they would not be 81 as readers. Clearly，the philosophy，objectives，methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most 82 and satisfactory definition，reading is the ability to 83 the soundsymbols' code of the language，to interpret meaning for various 84 ，at various rates，and at various levels of difficulty，and to do 85 widely and enthusiastically. 86 short，reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.67. [A] substantively [B] substantially [C] substitutively [D] subjectively68. [A] distributing [B] promoting [C] defining [D] reporting069. [A] Although [B] If [C] Unless [D] Until70. [A] involves [B] takes [C] reveals [D] invites71. [A] opinions [B] effects [C] manners [D] functions72. [A] of [B] about [C] for [D] into73. [A] view [B] look [C] reassure [D] agree74. [A] by [B] to [C] off [D] for75. [A] content [B] contend [C] contempt [D] contact76. [A] inexplicably [B] inexpressibly [C] inextricably [D] inexpediently77. [A] interpreting [B] telling [C] explaining [D] reading78. [A] like [B] for [C] according [D] as79. [A] totally [B] usually [C] mainly [D] actually80. [A] part [B] entirety [C] chapter [D] section81. [A] claimed [B] said [C] classified [D] graded82. [A] inclusive [B] inclinable [C] conclusive [D] complicated83. [A] break [B] elaborate [C] define [D] unlock84. [A] purposes [B] degrees [C] stages [D] steps85. [A] such [B] so as [C] so [D] such as86. [A] By [B] In [C] On [D] ToPart VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions：Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. The circulation figures have risen ________________________ (自从咱们在头版上采用了彩色照片后).88. I believe in the theory that ________________________(高等动物是由低等动物发展而来).89. _______________________(我要点一份煎蛋和熏肉)，and my colleague。
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案(卷六)
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷六）胡同(Hutong)是北京的一大特色，有着与北京城一样久远的历史。
最早的胡同出现在元朝(the YuanDynasty)，如今大部分胡同是在明清时代(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)形成的。
据专家考证，“胡同”一词源干蒙古语(Mongolian)的“井”。
自古以来胡同都是北京城里普通市民生息的场所，可以说是北京平民文化的代表。
但随着人口的增加，很多古老的胡同已经消失，取而代之的是现代化的却没有特色的高楼大厦。
1.第1句中的“有着与北京城一样久远的历史”用介词短语witha history as long as that of Bering city 来表达，以插入语形式置于主语之后，这样整个句子的中心更突出。
2.第2句“最早的胡同出现在……”翻译时转换成“胡同最早出现在……”(Hutong first appeared..)更符合英语的表达习惯。
“胡同是在明、清时代形成的”虽然形式上是主动的，但意义上却表被动，故翻译时转换成被动讲态，译作Hutongs were formed during the Ming and Qing Dynasties。
3.第4句“自古以来胡同都是......”用完成时态Hutong has always been...与since ancient times搭配，很好地表达了这种状态的延续性。
4.最后一句中的“取而代之的是现代化的却没有特色的高楼大厦”如果逐字对译为and are replaced by themodern but not characterized high-rise buildings则显生硬，不如选用意为“给......让出地方”的短语tomake way for来作前一个分句的目的状语，这样译文更生动流畅。
参考译文：Hutong, with a history as long as that of Beijing city, is a major feature of Beijing. Hutong first appeared during the Yuan Dynasty, and most of today's Hutongs were formed during the Mingand Qing Dynasties. According to experts, the word "Hutong" came from Mongolian language, meaning "a well". Hutong has always been the living place for ordinary residents since ancient times and it's said to be a representative of Beijing civilian culture. However, with the increase of the population, many old Hutongs have disappeared to make way for modem but not characterized high-rise buildings.中国传统婚礼反映着中国的哲学思想。
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案(卷十)
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷十）个人集体不管是在一个公司，还是在一个政府里，重大的决定总是个人作出的，而不是集体。
我们需要集体的讨论，因为可以交流看法和经验。
但是集体讨论不能代替个人的作用。
理由很清楚，如要作出一个重大的决定，集体总是不能对迅速变化的事件作出同样迅速的反应。
参考译文An important decision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves a company or a government. We need committees because that’s where people could share their opinions and experiences. But they could not replace individuals .The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can’t always move as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.电脑技术有些人担心电脑技术的广泛使用会进一步恶化就业形势。
但另一种观点认为尽管这对个人来说会丢掉饭碗，对整个社会来说由于提高了生产率，因而有利于经济的发展。
不管对社会影响如何，有一点是肯定的：有技术的人变得越来越吃香，没技术的人工作越来越难找。
参考译文Some people are worrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause further unemployment. Another argument however holds that although some individual swill lose their jobs societyas a whole will benefit economically through increases in productivity. Despite its effects on society one thing is certain :the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for the blue-collar population will become less available.【翻译原文】算盘(abacus) 是一种手动操作计算辅助工具形式。
2021年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案2017、2018、2019、2020、2021
普洱(Pu'er)茶深受中国人喜爱,最好的普洱茶产自云南的西双版纳(Xishuangbanna)，那里的气候和环境为普洱茶树的生长提供了最佳条件。
普洱茶颜色较深,味道与其他的茶截然不同。
普洱茶泡(brew)的时间越长越有味道。
许多爱喝的人尤其喜欢其独特的香味和口感。
普洱茶含有多种有益健康的元素,常饮普洱茶有助于保护心脏和血管,还有减肥、消除疲劳和促进消化的功效。
Pu’er is one of the most popular types of tea among the Chinese people, with its best produced in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province. where the climate and the environment provide the tea with the best growing conditions. Pu’er tea features comparatively darkcolour and totally different flavour. The longer it brews, the better it tastes. Many Pu’er overs especially fancy its unique fragrance and flavour.As it contains many beneficial elements, the tea helps not only protect the heart and blood vessels but also lose weight,relieve fatigue and improve digestion if one drinks it regularly.龙井(Longing)是一种绿茶，主要产自中国东部沿海的浙江省。
龙井茶独特的香味和口感为其赢得了“中国名茶”的称号，在中国深受大众的欢迎,在海外饮用的人也越来越多。
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案(卷十二)
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷十二）1. ________________________(没有一项发明获得如此多的表扬和批评)than Internet.2. Premier Zhou ____________________________(一心想着人民的利益).3. __________________________(飞机什么时候起飞)has not been announced.4. The price of beer______________________(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season..5. His remarks left me ____________________________(想知道他的真实目的).【答案】1. No invention has received more praise and abuse2. has always had the interests of the people at heart3. When the plane is to take off4. ranges/varies from 50 cents to $45. wondering about his real purpose1. Only one week later, Mr. Smith came to realize ___________________________ (不是我就是他错了).2. If tap water was as dangerous as some people think, ____________________________ (那我们中更多人将得病).3. ______________________ (这个陌生人占这位年轻姑娘的便宜)and cheated her out of five dollars.4. As is known to all, _________________ (假冒伪劣商品) harm the interests of consumers.5. We must _______________(使自己适应)the demands of our times; otherwise we'll fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.【答案】1. realize either I or he was wrong2. a lot more of us would be getting sick3. The stranger took advantage of the young girl4. fake and inferior commodities5. adapt ourselves to1. They knew her very well. ___________________________ (他们看着她长大).2. ______________________ (而不是让蔬菜烂掉),he sold them at half price.3. _______________________ (我们绝对不能) ignore the value of knowledge.4. ________________________(随着时间的流逝),.they forgot their bitter sufferings.5. According to a recent survey, four million people ____________________ (死于与吸烟有关的疾病)each year.【答案】1. They had seen her grow up from childhood2. Rather than allow the vegetable to go bad3. On no account can we4. With the passage of time5. die of diseases linked to smoking1. (这个计划成功的关键) ________________________________is good planning.2. I suggested he _____________________________ (使自己适应) his new conditions.3. I don’t mind you_______________(延期做出决定)the decision as long as it is not too late.4. Because of advances in the medical technology, heart surgery is not ______________________________ (像以前那么危险).5. ____________________ (你说的我大部分同意),but I can not go all the way with you.【答案】1. The key to the success of this project2. should adapt himself to3. delaying making4. not as dangerous as it formerly wasMuch of what you say I agree with1. In order to ____________________________________(为人们提供便利), the department is planning to set up some mobile shops in the residential area.2. A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms ________________________________________(可能较少染上吸烟的习惯).3. His business was very successful, but it was ___________________________________________________(以牺牲他的家庭生活为代价的).4. Only__________________________________________ (那些能够承担经济损失的人)should make high-risk investments.5. It is obvious that this new rule __________________________________________(绝无例外的适应于任何人).【答案】1. make things convenient for the people2. are less likely to pick up the habit of smoking3. at the expense of his family life4. those who can afford to lose their money5. is applicable to everyone without exception1. _______________________________(直到天黑她才发现)it was too late to go home.2. It is essential that _________________________________(这些申请表被送回)as early as possible.3. It is important that the hotel receptionist _____________________________________________________(确信客人们已经正确的登记).4. In recent years ________________________________________________________(工作重点大多被放置在)developing the students’productive skills.5. The president promised to keep all the board members informed of __________________________________________(协商进行得怎样了).【答案】1. It was not until dark that she realized2. these application forms be sent back3. make sure that guests are registered correctly4. much more emphasis has been put on5. how the negotiations were going on1. Americans eat _____________________________(两倍的蛋白质)they actually need every day.2. What he said just now ___________________________________(与正在讨论的问题没什么关系).3. Floods cause ___________________________________(上亿美元的财产损失)annually.4. Many personnel manager say it is getting harder and harder to______________________________________________________(区分诚实的和不诚实的求职者).5. We agreed to accept _______________________________________(任何一个他们认为是最好的导游).【答案】1. twice as much protein as2. had little to do with the question under discussion3. billions of dollars worth of property damage4. distinguish honest applicant and dishonest ones5. whoever they thought was the best tourist guide1. The soldier_______________________________ (被指控逃跑)when the enemy attacked.2. Had he worked harder, ____________________________________ (他就会通过考试).3. In the U.S., 88% of smokers had started before they were 18, ___________________________________________(尽管他们知道贩卖香烟是违法的)toanyone under that age.4. Ann never dreams of _________________________________ (有机会把她送出国)very soon.5. _______________________________ (考虑到所有的情况), the planned trip will have to be called off.【答案】1. was accused of running away2. he would have got through the exams3. despite the fact that it is illegal to sell cigarettes4. there being a chance for her to be sent abroad5. All things considered中国人为什么要修长城、在秦始皇时代，每20个人中，就有一个人参与修建过长城。
2021年大学英语四级翻译预测(精品)
2021年大学英语四级翻译预测（精品）1.瓷器（1）：唐朝时期，人们就在昌南建造窑坊(kiln)，烧制出一种青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。
青白瓷色彩晶莹，有“人造玉器”的美称，因而远近闻名，并大量出口欧洲。
当时，欧洲人还不会制造瓷器，因此中国特别是昌南镇的瓷器很受欢迎。
在欧洲，昌南镇瓷器是备受珍爱的贵重物品，人们以能获得一件昌南镇瓷器为荣。
因此，欧洲人就以“昌南”作为瓷器和生产瓷器的“中国”的代称。
久而久之，欧洲人就把昌南的本意忘却了，只记得它是“瓷器”，即“中国”了。
参考翻译In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish-white porcelain in Changnan.The bluish-white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amounts.At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain, so porcelain from China, especially from Changnan, was warmlywelcomed.In Europe, porcelain from Changnan was a luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud.In this way, Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production, China.Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely “China”.难点讲解(1)烧制出一种青白瓷:可译为make bluish white porcelain，烧制可译为 make，“青白色的”可译为bluish white。
2021年12月大学英语四六级翻译预测10篇及参考答案
2021年12月大学英语四六级翻译预测及参考答案猴哥英语整理第一篇中国外交思想以“和合”、“和谐”、“合作”为基础，一直在追求更大的人类利益。
几千年前，中国历史上有很多朝代和统治者。
然而，经历了风风雨雨，中国56个民族，就像一个大花园，不同的地方文化在这里共同绽放。
中国有句古话，海纳百川。
具体地说，“和合”可以追溯到儒家的和谐思想，其中很多强调三个主要的和谐关系。
一是人与自然的和谐。
在中国文化中，生命是自然的一部分。
二是人与人之间的和谐。
在孔子看来，一个人的生活离不开环境和社会。
因此，人际和谐对我们至关重要。
第三，内在和谐。
中国人的思想强调人们不仅要了解外部世界，更重要的是要提升自己的内在心态，或者追求“君子”的内心世界，也就是所谓的“君子”。
Our thought on diplomacy for a new era is grounded on "Hehe" or Harmony and Cooperation.D ating back thousands o f years, there were so many dynasties and rulers in the history of China. Yet, having gone through ups and downs, China is home to 56 ethnic groups, as if a garden where different local cultures blossom together. An ancient Chinese saying references the vast ocean embracing all rivers running into it. Specifically, "Hehe" can be traced back to Confucian thought on harmony, much of which stresses three principal harmonious relationships. First, harmony between human and nature. In Chinese culture, human life is part and parcel of nature.Second, harmony among people. In Confucius' eyes, an individual cannot live without community and society. Interpersonal harmony, hence, is crucial for us. Third, harmony within oneself. Chinese thinking highlights that people should not only understand the external world but more importantly, uplift their internal state of mind or pursue the inner world of "Junzi," also known as a virtuous man.第二篇皮影戏(shadow play)是中国最古老的戏剧之一。
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案(卷九)
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷九）公平教育为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。
这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学收益。
资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。
现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。
一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
参考译文：In order to promote equity in education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of educational facilities in rural areas and strengthening of rural compulsory education Midwest. These funds were used to improve the teaching facilities, purchase of books, so that more than 160,000 primary and secondary income. Funds are also used to purchase music and painting equipment. Now children in rural and mountainous areas with children’s coastal cities like music and painting lessons. Some receive a better education for the city school students now transferred back to the local rural schools now.粤港澳大湾区粤港澳大湾区包括香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和广东省广州市、深圳市、珠海市、佛山市、惠州市、东莞市、中山市、江门市、肇庆市(以下称珠三角九市)，总面积5.6万平方公里，2017年末总人口约7000万人，是我国开放程度最高、经济活力最强的区域之一，在国家发展大局中具有重要战略地位。
2021年12月大学英语四级翻译真题及答案(3套)
2021年12月大学英语四级翻译真题及答案1.坎儿井坎儿井(Karez)是新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统，由地下渠道将水井连接而成。
该系统将春夏季节渗入(seep into)地下的大量雨水及积雪融水收集起来，通过山体的自然坡度引到地面，用于灌溉农田和满足人们的日常用水需求。
坎儿井减少了水在地面的蒸发(evaporation),对地表破坏很小，因而有效地保护了自然资源与生态环境。
坎儿井体现了我国人民与自然和谐共存的智慧，是对人类文明的一大贡献。
【参考译文】Karez is a water conservancy system in the arid region of Xinjiang,where wells are connected by underground channels.The system collects large amounts of rainwater and snowmelt that seep into the ground in spring and summer,and brings it to the surface through the natural slope of the mountain.The rainwater is used to irrigate farmland and meet people’s daily water needs. Karez protects natural resources and the ecological environment by reducing evaporation of water from the surface which does little damage to the surface.Karez embodies the wisdom of our people to live in harmony with nature and it is a great contribution to human civilization.2.都江堰都江堰(Dujiangyan)坐落在成都平原西部的岷江上，距成都市约50公里，始建于公元前三世纪。
2021年12月英语四级全真预测试题及答案
2021年12月英语四级全真预测试题及答案Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Generation Gap. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 代沟的表现。
2. 代沟出现的家庭原因。
3. 代沟出现的社会原因。
Generation GapPart ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Animals on the MoveIt looked like a scene from “Jaws” but without the dramaticmusic. A huge shark was lowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark?s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over.Moving to SurviveIn pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals.Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking.Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of yearsof evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks’ movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle.Skin Is the KeyThe biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed.The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the body’s back and forth motion, fibers along theoutside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark’s body snaps back the other way.As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet.Source of EnergyWhat causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the shark?s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn?t stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark?s collagen “radials”. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers.When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place.The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times.This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored.This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable.Dolphin Has Speed RecordAnother fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal’s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphin’s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down.In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water.The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin’s folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the waterat record breaking speeds.Other Animals Less EfficientNot all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy.Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?1.According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except_______.A )to find foodB) to avoid being chased by its enemiesC) to find a new place to liveD) to show its braveness2.Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that _______.A)humans are the most clever living creatures in the worldB)human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environmentC)humans are very successful in inventing transportation toolsD)humans can’t move like other animals in any circumstances3.What is the key to the shark’s swift locomotion in water?A)The skin. B)The tail. C)The muscle. D)The jaw.4.According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent?A)When moving its tail rapidly.B)When finding its preys.C)When staying without any movement.D)When bending its body in swimming.5.Why is the area just under the shark’s collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire?A)Because it is also full of blood pressure.B)Because it is also filled of air pressure.C)Because it is also inflated by pressure.D)Because it also can be used again and again.6.A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims .A)slowly through the waterB)rapidly through the waterC)against the currentD)at the fastest speed in water7.Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travel_______ as long as it.A)one twelfth times.B)the same.C)12 times.D)1.2 times.8.A shark finds its prey by_______.9.According to the passage, _______can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched .10.When the shark detects an important food source,_______ take place .Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved inthe teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 47___ using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be 48___, of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also 49___ problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50___, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from 51___ at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students 52___ a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is 53___ for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54___ certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can 55___. It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.A)field B)possess C)considered D)express E)offerF)create G)required H)ofI)emerge J)makeK)lack L)however M)scope N)cause O)thatSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growthand apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns_______.A)informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB)promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC)divides available jobs into various typesD)informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because_______.A)there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB)there are so many top?level jobs availableC)there are so many people out of workD)the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would_______.A)write an initial letter giving their life historyB)pass some exams before applying for a jobC)have no qualifications other than being able to read andwriteD)keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter _______.A)something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB)hinted information about the personality of the applicantC)one’s advantages over others in applying for the jobD)an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because_______.A)there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB)there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC)jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD)the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent?controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low?paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employerswant decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may_______.A)cause a shortage of apartmentsB)worry those who rent apartments as homesC)increase the profits of landlordsD)encourage landlords to invest in building apartments63. According to the critics, rent control_______.A)will always benefit those who rent apartmentsB)is unnecessaryC)will bring negative effects in the long runD)is necessary under all circumstances64. The problem of unemployment will arise .A)if the minimum wage is set too highB)if the minimum wage is set too low_______.C)if the workers are unskilledD)if the maximum wage is set65. The passage tells us_______.A)the relationship between supply and demandB)the possible results of government controlsC)the necessity of government controlD)the urgency of getting rid of government controls66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A)The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B)Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C)Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D)Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never?ending flood of words. In 67____ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 68____ can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 69____ readers. Most of usdevelop poor reading 70____ at an early age, andnever get over them. The main deficiency 71____ in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have 72____ meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 73____, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 74____ words or passages. Regression, thetendency to look back over 75____ you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 76____ down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding eachword either orally or mentally as 77____ reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 78____, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 79____ the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 80____ word-by-word reading,regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first 81____ is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 82 ____ your comprehension will improve.Many people have found 83____ reading skilldrastically improved after some training. 84____ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 85____ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 86 more reading material in a short period of time.67. A)applying B)doingC)offering D)getting68. A)quickly B)easilyC)roughly D)decidedly69. A)good B)curiousC)poor D)urgent70. A)training B)habitsC)situations D)custom71. A)lies B)combinesC)touches D)involves72. A)some B)a lotC)little D)dull73. A)Fortunately B)In factC)Logically D)Unfortunately74. A)reuse B)rereadC)rewrite D)recite75. A)what B)whichC)that D)if76. A)scales B)cutsC)slows D)measures77. A)some one B)oneC)he D)reader78. A)accelerator B)actorC)amplifier D)observer79. A)then B)asC)beyond D)than80. A)enabling B)leadingC)making D)indicating81. A)meaning B)comprehensionC)gist D)regression82. A)but B)norC)or D)for83. A)our B)yourC)their D)such a84. A)Look at B)TakeC)Make D)Consider85. A)for B)inC)after D)before86. A)master B)go overC)present D)get throughPart ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. But for his help, I________ (我不可能这么早完成).88. I don’t mind your ________ (延期做出) the decision as long as it is not too late.89. Over a third of the population was estimated (无法获得)________ to the health service.90. It is no good waiting for the bus, ________ (我们不妨走回家吧).91. Last week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday,________ (尽情地唱歌跳舞).Part ⅠWriting【写作思路】本文是一篇关于代沟的议论文。
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案(卷七)
2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷七）毛笔，是一种源于中国的传统书写工具，也逐渐成为传统绘画工具。
毛笔是汉族人民在生产实践中发明的。
随着人类社会的不断发展，勤劳智慧的汉民族又不断地总结经验，存其精华，弃其糟粕，勇于探索，敢于创新。
几千年以来，它为创造汉族民族光辉灿烂的文化，为促进汉民族与世界各族的文化交流，做出了卓越的贡献。
毛笔是汉民族对世界艺术宝库提供的一件珍宝。
【重点表达】存其精华，弃其糟粕Discarding the dross while assimilating the essence勇于探索，敢于创新strive to explore and blaze new trails光辉灿烂的文化splendid culture艺术宝库arts treasure house参考译文：Writing brush, a traditional writing tool originated from China, has also gradually become a traditional painting tool. Writing brush was invented by the Han people during their production practice. With the constant development of human society, the diligent and intelligent Han people kept summing up the experience. Discarding the dross while assimilating the essence, they strive to explore and blaze new trails. Over thousands of years, writing brush has made great contribution to creating the splendid culture of the Han people and to promoting thecultural exchange between people of all nationalities and the Han people. Writing brush is a treasure that the Han people have provided the world’s arts treasure house.长期以来，京剧界面临的一个重要问题就是如何让更多人尤其是年轻人认识京剧、了解京剧，喜爱京剧。
2021年12月大学英语CET四级预测押题卷一和答案解析
2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。
2021年6月大学英语四六级翻译押题10篇
四级翻译高分范文2篇历史文化类生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。
在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例,而在其他地区人们的饮食中,肉类和奶制品更为常见。
四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣食物,而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。
然而,因为烹饪方式各异,同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。
People living in different parts of China have a variety of eating habits. People in the north mainly eat food made from flour, while people in the south mostly eat rice. In coastal areas, seafood and freshwater products account for a large proportion of people's diet, while in other areas, meat and dairy products are more common. Residents in provinces such as Sichuan and Hunan generally prefer spicy food, while people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have a sweet tooth. However, similar foods may have different tastes due to different cooking methods.社会发展类越来越多的中国人现在的确离不开手机了。
他们中的许多人,包括老年人,都使用手机应用程序(apps)保持联系并拓宽朋友圈。
他们也用手机购物、查找信息,因为手机便于携带。
此外,使用手机应用程序通信比传统电话便宜。
2021年大学英语四级翻译预测试题及参考答案
2021年6月英语四级翻译预测：七夕节七夕节(Double Seventh Festival)是中国最具浪漫色彩的传统节日。
每年农历(lunar calendar)七月初七就是七夕节，亦称“乞巧节”。
七夕节起源于中国古代牛郎(Cowherd)和织女(Weaver Maid)的爱情神话，他们的故事感动了一代又一代的中国人。
许多有情男女会在七夕的晚上祈祷自己的姻缘美满，期望“有情人终成眷属”。
近年来，越来越多的都市青年男女把这个节日当作“中国情人节”(Chinese Valentine's Day)参考翻译:The Double Seventh Festival is the most romantic traditional Chinese festival. Also known as "Qiqiao Festival" it falls annually on the 7th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar. The festival came from an ancient Chinese romantic fairy tale about the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid, which has deeply moved generations of Chinese people. Many men and women in love usually pray for a happy marriage on that night, hoping for "a happy ending for true love". In recent yean, more and more youths incities celebrate the Double Seventh Festival as Chinese Valentine's Day.重阳节重阳节，由于它是在中国农历九月初九这一天，所以又被称为重九节，至今有约两千年的历史。
2021年大学英语四级翻译预测及答案___
2021年大学英语四级翻译预测及答案___中华人民共和国有许多传统节日，其中一些已有数千年的历史。
这些节日通常都有深刻的文化内涵和丰富多彩的庆祝活动。
例如，春节是中华人民共和国最重要的节日之一，它代表了新的开始和团圆。
端午节则是纪念古代爱国诗人___的日子，人们会吃粽子和赛龙舟。
中秋节则是感恩和团圆的日子，人们会赏月、吃月饼。
这些传统节日不仅是中华人民共和国文化的重要组成部分，也是中华人民共和国人民生活的重要一面。
China has many nal festivals。
some of which have a historyof thousands of years。
These ___。
For example。
the Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China。
___ Qu Yuan。
and people eat zongzi and ___-Autumn Festival is a day of gratitude and n。
and people ___ of the lives of the Chinese people.Landscape painting has always been regarded as the highest realm of ___ general。
___ calligraphy。
painting。
and poetry。
The Chinese word for landscape。
"shanshui," is composed of two characters。
"mountain" and "water," and is associated with ___。
___ humans and nature。
Chinese painters do not always depict thereal world。
2021年英语四级翻译试题答案范文
2021年英语四级翻译试题答案范文一.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题。
在商业领域这些问题则显得更加紧迫。
创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产，继续经营他们的企业。
对家族企业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划(succession plan)是一个令人头痛的问题。
虽然有很多原因可以解释这种不情愿继任的情况，但商业环境的恶化(deterioration)已被证明是主要因素之一。
参考译文:China is facing the developed world's problems of an ageing population and low birth rate.These problems have taken on even more urgency in the business community.The founding generation is getting older but having great difficulty persuading their children to carry on their legacy and keep their business running.Putting in place a clear and effective succession plan is a headache for family-run businesses.While there are many reasons to explain such reluctance,the deterioration in the business environment has been proven to be one of the main factors.1.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题:“面临着”可用face表示,“面临着…的问题”可译为facethe problem of;“人口老龄化既可译为populationageing,也可译为an ageing population。
2021年12月英语四级翻译预测及译文
2021年12⽉英语四级翻译预测及译⽂现代翻译理论认为，句⼦是最重要的翻译单位。
⼤学英语四级考试中的翻译题型也是以句⼦翻译为主。
下⾯是2021年12⽉英语四级翻译预测及译⽂，供参考！2021年12⽉英语四级翻译预测及译⽂英语四级翻译预测⼀：随着世界⼈⼝越来越密集(densely populated),空⽓污染已经成了严重的问题。
空⽓污染主要来源于四个主要的⼈类活动领域：⼯业、能源业、交通运输业以及农业。
经营⼯⼚,为⽕车、飞机和公共汽车提供动⼒都需要能源。
⼏乎所有这些能源都是通过燃烧燃料产⽣的,这就会造成空⽓污染。
科学家们正在研究能减少环境破坏的新发电⽅式。
增强的公共环保意识使诸如回收利⽤(recycling)等活动产⽣。
英语四级翻译预测译⽂：As the world is getting more and more denselypopulated,air pollution has become a severeproblem.Air pollution mainly derives from four majorhuman activity sectors:industry,energy,transportation andagriculture.Energies are needed to run factories,to power trains,planes and buses.Nearly all ofthese energies are produced by burning fuels,which would cause air pollution.Scientists arestudying new ways of generating electricity that can be less damaging to the environment.Theincreased public environmental awareness has led to the advent of activities such as recycling.英语四级翻译预测⼆：中国城市化原⽂：中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。
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1．中华人民共和国酒文化Chinese Wine Culture中华人民共和国人在70此前就开始用谷物酿酒。
总来说，不论是古代还是当代，酒都和中华人民共和国文化息息有关。
长期以来，中华人民共和国酒文化在人们生活中始终扮演着重要角色。
咱们祖先在写诗时以酒助兴，在宴会中和亲朋朋友敬酒。
作为一种文化形式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割某些，例如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼庆典等。
Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago. Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times. Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people''s life for a long time. Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry，or to make a toast to their relatives and friends during a feast. Wine culture，as a kind of culture form，is also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party，farewell dinner，wedding，etc.2。
中华人民共和国书法Chinese Calligraphy中华人民共和国书法历史悠久，它不但是中文老式书写形式，也是体现自我修养和自我表达艺术。
作者内心世界通过美妙字体得以体现。
书法在中华人民共和国艺术中拥有举足轻重地位，由于它影响到了其他中华人民共和国艺术形式，例如古典诗歌、雕塑、老式音乐及舞蹈、建筑及手工艺品。
作为老式艺术瑰宝，中华人民共和国书法被全世界人民所爱慕，且越来越受到欢迎。
Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history，but also an art of self-cultivation andself-expression. Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script. Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art，for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like classical poetry，sculpture，traditional music and dance，architecture and handicrafts. As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture，Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular.3。
中华人民共和国山水画Landscape Painting山水画始终以来都被誉为中华人民共和国绘画最高境界。
它品味高品位，很受欢迎。
普通意义上，中华人民共和国山水画被以为是书法、绘画及诗歌结合或延伸。
汉语“山水”这个词由“山”和“水”两个中文构成，且与道教哲学思想相联系，它强调是人与自然和谐。
中华人民共和国画家描绘并不总是真实世界，她们呈现是自己想象出来风景，这些风景不再只是对眼前世界描绘，而是画家内在思想写照。
因而，人们以为欣赏山水画除了可以较好地理解画家内心世界之外，还可以净化自己灵魂。
Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles. It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste. Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy，painting，and poetry. The Chinese term for “landscape”is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”. It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism，which emphasizes harmony with the natural world. Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world，but a means of conveying the inner mind. People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.4。
中华人民共和国戏曲Chinese Opera在中华人民共和国，戏曲是一种很流行戏剧形式，普通来说，可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时皇帝唐玄宗创立了“梨园”。
如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中华人民共和国戏曲。
最吸引她们则是戏曲独有风格—画脸谱，它不但是戏曲中一大亮点，同步还规定独特绘画技艺。
每个演员脸上夸张扮相代表其扮演角色性格和命运。
熟知戏曲观众通过观测演员脸谱和服装就可以懂得角色背后故事。
普通，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢;黑色代表凶猛;黄色和白色代表口是心非;金色和银色代表神秘。
7对于中华人民共和国人，特别是老年人，欣赏戏曲是她们一大乐趣。
Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China. In general，it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong，who founded the “Pear Garden”. Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people. What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up，which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting. Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer''''''''s face to symbolize a character''''''''s personality，and fate. Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes. Generally，a red face represents loyalty and bravery；a black face，rough ；yellow and white faces，duplicity；and golden and silver faces，mystery. For Chinese，especially older folks，to listen to opera is a real pleasure.5。
京剧Peking Opera京剧是中华人民共和国一种老式艺术。
它是中华人民共和国戏曲一种，诞生于于1790年四大徽班(Four Great Anhui Troupes)入京表演时候。
19世纪中期得到迅速发展，到清朝达到全盛阶段。
京剧被当作是中华人民共和国文化瑰宝之一。
虽然它被称为京剧，但是它来源地却是中华人民共和国安徽省和湖北省。
京剧起初是一种宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。
在数百年前，京剧作为一种新戏曲形式，无论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。
而在当代社会中，涉及京剧在内老式戏曲却不大能被年轻人接受，面临着巨大生存危机。
Peking opera is a traditional art in China. It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790，arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty. Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Although it is called Beijing opera，its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. Peking opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later. Hundreds of years ago，as a new drama form，wherever it was performed，it would be warmly welcomed.. Unfortunately，in the modern world，traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis，because they are not easily accepted by younger generations.6。