It构成的句型小结

It 构成的句型小结

一、It 作形式主语的句型

为使句子平衡，往往把 it 置于句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语(通常是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句)移至句末。 It 作形式主语的句型有：

㈠ it 代指不定式短语的句型

1. It takes + (sb.) + sometime / some money + to do sth.

做某事花去某人多长时间

Just a minute, it won't take me long to change. 等一下 ,我很快就可以换好衣服。

It takes five minutes to walk there. 走到那里需要 5 分钟。

It took me three days to prepare for the examination. 我花了三天准备那次考试。

It takes a lot of money to buy a house like that. 买那样一幢房子需要很多钱。

2. It takes + 名词 + (for sb.) to do sth. .................. 某人做某事需要

It took great imagination as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak. 对安妮来说，教我说话需要极大的信心和想象力。

It takes time for them to prepare for the great changes that take place in space. 他们需要很多时间准备应付太空中所发生的巨大变化。

3. It is + 形容词+ (for / of sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是... 的

for sb. 的句型常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better 等。

of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate( 考虑周到的), silly, selfish( 自私的) 等。

It was kind of you to help us. 谢谢你对我们的帮助。

What time would it be most convenient for me to call again? 什么时候我再给你打电话最合适？

It 's very good of you to have listened to me. 感谢你能听我讲。

4. It is + 名词+ to do sth. 做某事是..... 的

常用于该句型的名词有： manners, duty, fun, good, a great honour 等。

As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class. 作为学生，上课迟到是没有礼貌的。

It is our duty to pay taxes to our government. 向政府交税是我们的义务。

5. It is + one ' s turn + to do sth.轮到某人做某事

It was my turn to clean the blackboard. 轮到我擦黑板了。

It is his turn to take the children to school. 今天该轮到他送孩子们上学了。

6. It is + up to sb. + to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任或义务

It 's up to us to give them all the help we can. 我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。

It 's up to you to decide whether to go or not. 应该由你决定是否去。

Up to you! 由你来定！

㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型

7. It is + 名词+ doi ng sth. 做某事是..... 用于该句型的名词有：no good, no use 等。

It 's no use talking to him about it. 和他谈论此事是没用的。

It 's no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk. 事已至此，后悔也无用。(牛奶已泼，哭也没用。)

8. It + be + 名词 + that 从句

用于该句型中的名词有： a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news, no wonder 等。惯用句型有：

It is com mon knowledge that ........ 是常识

It is a surprise that …令人惊奇的是

It is a fact that …事实是....

It is no wonder that …难怪...... (No wonder! 难怪呢)

例如：

It is a pity that she has made such a mistake 真遗憾，她犯了这样一个错误。

It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。

It is a thousa nd pity/ thousa nd pities that he missed the cha nee. 他错过了这次机会真是太可惜了。

It is no won der that he has passed the exam in ati on. 难怪他考试及格了。

It is a shame that you have to leave so soo n. 你必须这么早离开，真遗憾。

It was a stupid thing that he didn ' t listen to his tea他不■听老师的话，真蠢。

It is a great honour that he receive that prize. 他得到了那个奖真是无上的荣耀。

10.lt + be + 形容词 + that从句.... 是......

用于该句型中的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, certain」mporta nt, stra nge, n atural, surpris ing, fortun ate,

good, won derful, funny, possible, impossible, likely, un likely, quite clear, unu sual 等。

惯用句型有：

It is n ecessary that …有必要.......

It is important that …重要的是 ...

It is obvious that …很明显..........

It is importa nt that we (should) learn En glish well. 我们学好英语是非常重要的。

It is n ecessary that the stude nts (should) remember all the new words. 学生记住所有的新单词是必要的。

11. It + be + -ed 分词 + that从句据... 是.... 的

常见的过去分词有：said, reported, lear ned, announ ced, known, decided, expected, believed,

con sidered, declared, felt, hoped, see n, supposed, thought, un derstood 等。

惯用句型有：

It is said that …据说

It is reported that …据报道

It is believed that …大家相信

It is hoped that …大家希望

It is well known that ••众所周知

It is thought that …大家认为

It is suggested that …据建议

It has bee n decided that ••大家决定

It must be remembered that 务必记住的是

It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit.

据报道，又有一颗人造卫星被送入轨道。

It is said that he has go ne to the USA for further study. 据说他已去美国深造了。

It is known to all that the sun rises in the east. 众所周知，太阳从东方升起。

It has bee n decided that we should desig n the mach ine ourselves.