句型结构汇总
简单句的五种基本结构
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型结构如下：
主语 谓语
用符号表示为：
① Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
① Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
① Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
主语（subject ） 谓语（predicate ）
宾语（object ） 定语（attribute ）
状语(adverbial) 补语（complement ）
表语（predicative ）
基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring, live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如:
It is raining now. (Ｓ Ｖ)
We've worked for 5 hours. (Ｓ Ｖ)
The meeting lasted half an hour. (Ｓ Ｖ)
Time flies. (Ｓ Ｖ)
基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。宾语可以是名词、代词、数词，动名词、动词不定式或词组、the +形容词、分词以及从句等。如，
She likes English.
We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday.
用下划线划出下列句中的宾语：
1. People all over the world speak English.
2.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.
3.He did not know what to say.
4.He just wanted to stay at home.
vi. vt . link.v. 宾语 宾语（间）宾语（直） 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 ① ⑤
② ④ ③
5.He practices speaking English every day.
基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+ｏ+ Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
一般的顺序为：动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语。
如：He gave me a cup of tea. (Ｓ+ Ｖ+ ｏ+Ｏ)
强调间接宾语顺序为：
动词+ 直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。如：
Show this house to Mr. Smith.
若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。
如：Bring it to me, please. (不能说Bring me it, please。)
常跟双宾语的及物动词有：
（需借助to的）allow, bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, sell, send, show, teach, tell，wish, write等
（需借助for 的）buy, choose, fetch, get, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等
『一般用to多些，用for的记住常用的三个就行：get, buy, make』
He sent me an English-Chinese Dictionary.
= He sent an English-Chinese Dictionary to me.
She bought John a book．= She bought a book for John.
分析下列句子成分，口头说出间接宾语和直接宾语：
1. She ordered herself a new dress.
2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
3. He brought you a dictionary.
4. He denies her nothing.
5. I showed him my pictures.
6. I gave my car a wash.
7. I told him that the bus was late.
8. He showed me how to run the machine.
基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语做出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。
The war made him a soldier.（ＳＶＯＣ）
New methods make the job easy. （ＳＶＯＣ）
I often find him at work. （ＳＶＯＣ）
The teacher asked the students to close the windows. （ＳＶＯＣ）
I saw a cat running across the road.
基本句型五：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
系动词主要是be. 但还有一些动词有些时候也可作系动词，有人称之为半系动词。
I.如何辨别系动词
有些动词既可作连系动词，又可以作实义动词。如何来辨别呢？有一个最简便的方法，即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换的，就是行为动词。
如：
①She looks beautiful. (looks变为is之后，她是美丽的，句意没有大的变化，looks是系动词)。
Look at the picture.(look不能换为be, look为实义动词。)
②He felt the book with his right hand.(feel是“摸”的意思，不能换为was, 是实义动词)。
The silk feels soft.(这种丝绸摸起来很柔软，feels换为is之后，句意变化不大，因此是系动词。)
练习1.辨别下列粗体动词是系动词还是实义动词
1.The door stays open at night.
2.He tasted the food, and the food tasted delicious.
3.The book still lies open on the desk.
4.What he said proved true..
5.He can’t proved his theory(理论).
II.常见的系动词
①状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
②持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
He kept silent at the meeting. 他开会时保持沉默。
This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
The food stays fresh in the fridge.
食物在冰箱里仍然很新鲜。
The house stood empty for years.房子空了数年。
He lies awake in bed.他躺在床上，醒着。
③表“像”系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
Something seems wrong. 好像出差了。
He appears young. 他看起来很年轻。
④感官系动词
感官系动词主要有look看起来，feel摸起来, smell闻起来, sound听起来, taste尝起来：
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
⑤变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time.
她没多长时间就富了。
He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。
Eggs go bad easily in spring.鸡蛋夏天容易变坏。
His face went red.他的脸变红了。
What he had dreamt of came true.
他的梦想实现了。
Still waters run deep.静水流深。
⑥终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
His plan turned out a success.
他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）
What he predicted turned out (to be) wrong.
他预言的结果是错的。
系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语
He is a student. (ＳＶＰ)
Your idea sounds great. (ＳＶＰ)
简单句、并列句和复合句
句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
考点1.简单句
只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
（划线部分为并列谓语，只有一个主语，仍为简单句。）
考点2.并列句
由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。要注意哟,逗号是不可以连接句子的，这一点和汉语不同。
e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous.
前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
①表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
He not only stole my money, but he also took my watch away.
②表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
③表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
④表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
考点3.复合句
复合句含有两个或两个以上主谓结构，其中一个主谓结构作另一个的成分。（而并列句的两个主谓结构间是并列关系，而不是从属关系）。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。
当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时，整个句子就成为复合句了。如：
1.It is wrong. （只有一个主谓结构，是简单句）
What he said is wrong.
2.The boy over there is my brother. （只有一个主谓结构，是简单句）
The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.
3.I was doing my homework at six. （只有一个主谓结构，是简单句）
I was doing my homework when he came in.
判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3.There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in
the evening.
5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.
8.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?
9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
11.Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm.
12.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
13.Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors.
14.We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat
15.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him.
考点4.两个主谓结构时，要用连接词，变为并列句或复合句，或把逗号改为分号
一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构，那它就不是简单句了，要么是并列句，要么是复合句。直接用逗号连接的两个简单句是错误的。这是，我们有四种方法来改正这个错句：
1. 用and, so, but,等并列连词来构成并列句；
2. 把逗号改为分号；
3. 改为复合句；
4. 把一个主谓结构的谓语变成非谓语或去掉be，从而变成独立主格结构。
I like English, my English is very good.×
I like English and my English is very good.√（并列句）
As I like English, my English is very good. √（含有原因状语从句的复合句）
I like English; my English is good. √（用分号）
I liking English, my English is very good. √ (把一个分句改为独立主格结构)
名词性从句
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。这个语法项目在英语中相当重要。
在初中阶段要求学生掌握各种从句的基本结构和用法；而在高中的学习中，则要求学生在此基础上能够在具体语境中判断主句与从句的逻辑关系，准确理解句意，加以灵活运用。考查方式多以选择题为主。
（一）概述
名词性从句主要包括宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：（共13个）
连接代词（what, what, who, who, whom, whose, which）；+ever——5个
连接副词（when, where, how)+ever,why——4个
连接词（that, whether/if，as if/though,because）；——4个
（二）主语从句
1. 主语从句在复合句中充当主语。引导主语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等。
注意：（1）这些引导词都不可以省略。
（2）只能用whether不能用if。
（3）从句用陈述句语序。
Tha t he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
Who cooked the meal is not known yet. 谁煮的饭还不知道。
How he did it is still a mystery. 他怎么做的还是个迷。
Whether we can land on the moon is not known. 我们是否能登陆月球还不知道。
2.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。例如：
It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。
It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底哪个队会赢形势尚不明朗。
It’s a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
（1）It + be + 形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……（strange，likely...
（2）It + be + -ed分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 众所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……(reported,said,announced;)
（3）It + be + 名词+ that-从句
It is a pity that… 可惜的是…… It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……(no wonder,a pity;)
（4）It + 不及物动词+ that-从句
It appears that… （看起来是）似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
例如：
It is obvious that the object is not UFO. 很明显这个物体不是UFO。
It is known to all that money can’t grow on the tree. 众所周知，钱不会长在树上。
It is a fact that Sadam has been captured by the American army. 萨达姆已经被美军捕获是个事实。It happened that they did the same thing in the same way. 碰巧他们用同样的方法做同样的事情。
（三）表语从句
表语从句在复合句中充当表语。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：that, whether, because, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever,as if/though,because。
注意：（1）这些引导词都不可以省略
（2）只能用whether不能用if
（3）从句用陈述句语序
例如：
My question is who will take over president of the charity我的问题是谁将接任该慈善机构主席职位The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
The point is whether we should lend him the computer. 问题在于我们是否应该借电脑给他。
That is why he can’t get along with others. 这就是为什么他不能和其他人相处好的原因。
That is because he can’t get rid of his bad habits. 那是因为他不能改掉他的坏习惯。
The important thing is what he does. 重要的是他做什么。
（四）宾语从句
一、概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1、宾语从句的连接词
引导宾语从句的常用连接词主要有：that, whether, if, what, which, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等。
注意：①that 可以省略
①若从句中有or not 只能用whether 不能用if
①宾语从句一定用陈述句语序
①标点、语调根据主句决定
2、常接宾语从句的动词：say, tell, ask, see, decide, wonder, think等。
3、宾语从句的时态
（1）主句为一般现在时或将来时，从句的时态可根据具体实际需要而定。例如：
I imagine he is interested in the activity.
I wonder what has happened to the driver.
They will be told when they will retire.
（2）主句为一般过去时，从句的谓语动词也要用相应的过去时，即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时或过去将来时的一种。例如：
To our surprise, he told us that he would leave very soon.
She didn’t ask who had bought all the flowers.
Andy said that he had gone to the Browns’ three days before.
（3）主句是祈使句，从句的谓语动词可用所需要的任何时态。例如：
Please tell me how long it will take us to the library.
Show me which picture is yours.
（4）从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律，此时宾语从句不受主句时态的限制，均用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 我们老师告诉我们光速比音速快。
Everybody knew that one and one makes two. 每个人都知道一加一等于二。
二、宾语从句应注意的问题和事项
1、that引导的宾语从句为陈述句。that本身是一个连接词，没有意义，在从句中也不充当任何句子成分，可以被省略。例如：
I think (that) the novel is worth reading again.
注意：如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多的并列的宾语从句，第二个（或最后一个）连接词不可省略，以免引起误解。例如：
I forgot (that) today was Friday and that the shop wasn’t open.
2、whether或if引导的宾语从句在意义上相当于一个一般疑问句。常放在know, ask, care, wonder, find out等动词之后，意思是“是否”，不可被省略。且若从句中有or not只能用whether不能用if，介词之后一般也不用if。例如：
I wonder whether/if he will come back with the good news.
Susan aske d me whether I would go to the club this weekend.
I really don’t know whether it will rain or no t tomorrow.
注意：①少数动词，如leave, put, discuss, doubt后的宾语从句常用whether
①在不定式前只能用whethe r 例如：I can’t decide whether to stay.
①为避免歧义，我们常用whether而不用if
①if 引导的宾语从句可以用将来时，不要将其与if引导的条件状语从句混淆。
试比较：
Can you tell me if he will come back this May?
If he comes back, please tell me as soon as possible.
3、连接代词（who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whosever, whomever, whatever, whichever）或连接副词（where, when, why, how, whenever, wherever, however）引导宾语从句，在意义上相当于特殊疑问句，有具体的汉语意思，在宾语从句中充当成分，此时不是疑问词。what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。例如：
Do you know what they are looking for?
The man in the shop asked the woman which kind of boots (靴子)she liked.
That depends on where we shall go.
Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
4、be + 形容词+ that-从句
that-从句也是宾语从句。常用这一结构的形容词有：sure相信，afraid恐怕，happy高兴，surprised 感到惊讶等。例如：
I’m afraid that he won’t buy the most expensive bag for her.
I’m sure that Tom’s composition is the best in his class.
5、用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
（1）动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。例如：
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
（2）有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语和从句前加it，这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的。
语法填空专题分类训练--名词性从句
1.__________he said nothing at the meeting made me very disappointed.
2.Who can think of an idea__________we should do with the waste water?
3.It is still under discussion__________the old bus station should be replaced by a modern hotel or not.
4.Chances are__________China and Russia will make an agreement to build an oil pipeline in 2019.
5.She asked me__________I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t.
6It was with great joy______Tom received the news_____his lost son had been found.
7.You have to know__________you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
8.__________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
9.There is no doubt__________the famous professor will give us a lecture.
10.That’s__________he didn’t recognize me.
11.Being a good listener is a kind of quality, which is__________it takes to keep friendship.
12.We have some doubt__________they can complete the task on time.
13.We agreed to accept__________they thought was the best professor in the college.
14.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but__________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
15.__________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
16.I wonder__________you can help me repair my bike.
17.__________we can have clean drinking water lies in__________effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
18.The only question left is__________often the workers are paid.
19.__________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
20.Every year,__________makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
21.I had neither a computer nor newspaper.That’s__________I don’t know the latest news.
22.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is__________one can be entirely free from dust.
23.The companies are working together to create__________will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
24.There is a common belief among the students in our school__________they should try their best to learn.
25.I have no idea__________he comes from.
26.It is often the case__________anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
27.Contrary to__________many people might assume, evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans.
28.I made a promise to myself__________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
29.She was very interested in__________I had told her.
30.It remains to be seen______the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
定语从句
1．关系代词的基本用法
2．that和which的用法区别
3．as和which的区别
在语法填空中：
1．首先找准先行词，分析句子结构，根据从句所缺的成分确定关系词的使用。
①如果缺少主、宾、表作定语，需用关系代词；如果缺少状语，则用关系副词。
②确定所缺成分之后，再看先行词是人还是物，是表示时间的名词还是表示地点的名词，是reason 还是way等，从而最后确定答案。
2．若先行词指人，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中关系代词用whom，若指物，则用which。
牢记that与which, as与which的区别。
单句语法填空
1．(2019·浙江宁波模拟)My parents are the most important for me, without__________support, I wouldn't have reached that far.
2．(2019·四川雅安中学月考)—When did you see the sponsor, Madam?
—It was on the weekend__________I was doing some shopping with my husband.
when I was doing some shopping with my husband that I saw the sponsor.]
3．(2019·江苏如东中学期中)Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform_________many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.
4．(2019·安徽合肥质检)The movie Pompeii came out this February，_________many people think brings a touching love story to the audience.
5．(2019·南京、盐城模拟)As the dark horse, China's football team swept into the quarter -finals__________it lost to host country Australia.
6．(2019·江苏南通二模)My grandpa,__________is often the case with old people, is fond of talking about the good old days.
7．(2019·河北石家庄模拟)It was in the small house__________was built with stones__________he spent his childhood.
8．(2019·天津和平区月考)Lucy invited many friends to dinner, some of__________her parents had never met before.
状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句
failure。尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。
As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office，when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
3．before，since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；②It won't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……。
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
If you miss this chance，it may be years before you get another one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reported，it is over100years since Tsinghua University was founded.
正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。
4．till/until引导的时间状语从句
until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
If you don't understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.
如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get cold.
等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
二、让步状语从句
1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
(4)as、though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况
①如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class，he speaks English best.
他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得最好。
②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个do(does或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Search as they would here and there，they could find nothing in the room.
尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
Change your mind as/though you do，you will get no help from us.
即使你改变主意，你也得不到我们的帮助。
2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
wherever，(what，who，whom，when，which，how)＋-ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where(what，who，whom，when，which，how)。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
However/No matter how hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.无论我有多饿，我似乎从来不能吃完整条面包。
4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
三、其他状语从句
只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。
Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture.
他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
在语法填空中：
状语从句的考查集中在连词的使用上。解题时要认真分析主、从句之间的逻辑关系，明确从句表示时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较等，再根据各种从句固定使用的连接词确定正确答案。
单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京朝阳区期末)It is freezing here. Wear your coat,__________you'll catch a cold.
2．(2019·江苏镇江模拟)We thought that,__________we were in the area, we'd stop by and see the places of interest.
3．(2019·哈六中模拟)However, when I had to go back__________I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself.
4．(2019·北京西城模拟)_________I get home late，Grandma always leaves a light on for me.
5．(2019·天津模拟)—Don't look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes,_________others are weak, he is strong.
6．(2019·江苏南通月考)_________serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
7．(2019·杭州质检)Remember that you won't be able to cancel the order__________you've signed.
8．(2019·浙江温州十校联考)Good news never goes beyond the gate,__________bad news spreads far and wide.
最新英语句型结构总结整理
英语句型结构总结 1 see，hear，notice，find，feel，listen to，look at (感官动词)+ sb +do 例如：I like watching monkeys jump. 2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越…… 3 a piece of cake =easy小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest名胜 4 agree with sb.赞成某人 5 all kinds of各种各样 a kind of一种/样 6 all over the world = the whole world整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……例如：I will go along with you我将和你一起去 The students planted trees along with their teachers.学生同老师们一起种树。 8 As soon as一……就…… 9 as you can see你是知道的 10 ask for …… 求助向……要……（直接接想要的东西)例如：ask you for my book 11 ask sb. for sth.向某人什么 12 ask sb. to do sth.询问某人某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of在……岁时例如：I am sixteen. I am at the age of sixteen. 的起初；……的开始 14 at the beginning of ……… 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾例如：At the end of the day 16 at this time of year在每年的这个时候补：at least至少 17 be /feel confident of sth. /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信例如：I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing表：1现在进行时2将来时 19 be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原）能够……例如：She is able to sing. She can sing.补：base on 以……（为)根据 20 be able to do sth.能够干什么例如：She is able to sing. 21 be afraid to do (of sth.恐惧，害怕……例如：I'm afraed to go out at night. I'm afraid of dog. 22 be allowed to do被允许做什么例如：I'm allowed to watch TV.我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV.我应该被允许看电视。 23 be angry with sb.生某人的气例如：Don't be angry with me.
高中英语重点句型总结
Lesson 1 关键句型全总结（一）关键句型一：关于写信询问某事的句型（以本题为例） 1．I’m writing to request more information about the day tour to London. 2. I’m writing for more information about the day tour to London. 关键句型二：关于询问具体细节的句型（以本题为例） 1. I’d like to know if you have any special pric es for students. 2. What about time for shopping? Is it included in the schedule? 3. As for lunch, is it included in the price? 4. Can you tell me more details about the trip? 5. Please let me know the scheduled return time. 6. I wonder if you could tell me more about the trip. 7. I also want to know how long the tour will last. 8. I have one final question, is there any time scheduled for shopping? Lesson 2 关键句型全总结（二）关键句型一：表达个人观点的句型（以本题为例） 1. In my opinion,…在我看来……。 2． As far as I am concerned,…就我看来……。 3. Personally,…我个人认为……。 4. From my point of view，…在我看来……。 5. I think (that)…我认为……。 6.As I see it.…在我看来……。 关键句型二：阐述论据的句型（以本题为例） 1. For one reaso n…For another reason… 一个大原因是……。另一个原因是……。 2. What’s mor e…此外…。 3. On the one hand, …on the other hand,… 一方面……，另一方面……。 Lesson 3 关键句型全总结（三）关键句型一：表示肯定的句型（以本题为例） 1. I’m sure you’ll like the delicious Chinese food here! 2. I believe you will find Chinese food delicious. 3. I’m convinced that you’ll love Chinese food.
英语句子结构大全
句子的基本结构 一、句子的基本成分 句子的基本成分有以下几种:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。 1、主语:句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当，位于句首。 The boy needs a pen. Smoking is bad for you. 2、谓语:说明主语的动作或状态。由动词或系动词加表语担任，常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 o’clock. She is reading. 3、宾语:表示动作的对象。一般由名词或代词担当，常置于谓语后。 He won the game. He likes playing computer. 4、表语:用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由名词或形容词担任，置于系动词之后。He is a student. We are tired. 注意:除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词， 1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 2)表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go等。 3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.(形容词) The boy in blue is Jim.(介词短语) I have nothing to do today.(动词不定式) 注意:1、当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如: I tell him something interesting. 2、不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。例如: The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语:用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句，位置灵活。 1、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前; I am very sorry. 2、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。 In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth. They are writing English in the classroom. 3、一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。 We often help him. He is always late for class.
高中英语句型归纳
高中英语句型归纳 1. There is no doing 结构。其意为“不可能…”、“无法…”： There’s no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。 There is no getting over the difficulty. 这困难无法克服。 There is no knowing what he will do next. 无法知道他下一步要干什么。 There was no telling when she would be back。没法知道她什么时候回来。 2. There is no difficulty in doing sth结构。意为“做某事没有困难”： There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的办公室没费一点劲。 There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 执行这项计划没什么困难。 3. There’s no doubt of sth. / dong sth / that … 结构。意为“毫无疑问…”： There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。 There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this country. 毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一。 4. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意为“不用急(于做某事)”： There’s no hurry to return the book. 现在不急于还书。 There’s no hurry, so do it slowly an d carefully. 不用赶时间，要慢慢细心地做。 5.There’s no need ( for sb. ) to do sth. …结构。其意为“不需要或不必要…”： There is no need for help. 不需要帮助。 There is no need for you to go. 你没有必要去。 8. There is no sense in doing sth 结构。意为“做某事没有道理或好处”： There’s no sense in criticizing him. 批评他也没有用。 There’s no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小时是不没有道理的。 9. There’s no point in doing sth 句式。意为“做某事没有用”： There’s no point (in) telling her about is. 告诉她没有用。 There’s no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。 10. There is no possibility of sth ./ that …. 【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词： There is some difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事有些困难”。 There is much difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事许多困难”。 There’s a need for…意为“需要或有必要…”。 10 prefer (1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home. (2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence. (3) prefer sb to do sth 例：Would you prefer me to stay? (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……宁愿…...而不愿.…". 例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth 例：I prefer watching football to playing it. (6) prefer sth to sth 例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。 11. seem (1) It +seems + that从句例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied. (2) It seems to sb that --- 例：It seems to me that she is right. (3) There seems to be ---- 例：There seems to be a heavy rain. (4) It seems as if ---- 例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class. 12. 表示“相差……；增加了……；增加到……”句型： (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三岁。 (4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 13.too句型： (1) too．．．to do sth．例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians． （＝Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians．） (2) only too --- to do sth 例：I shall be only too pleased to get home. (3) too + adj + for sth 例：These shoes are much too small for me. (4) too + adj + a + n. 例：This is too difficult a text for me. (5) can't … too +形容词无论……也不为过 例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 14. before 句型： (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及…… 例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me． (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间…… 例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. (3) had done some time before （才……） 例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. (4) had not done --- before --- 不到……就…… 例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就…… 例：It wasn’t two years before he left the count ry. 15. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型： (1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.
五大基本句子结构
英语的五种基本句型训练 以下五种基本句式是任何英语句子的基本组成部分，其他如定语、状语等均是句子的次要或附加部分。只要掌握了这五种基本句式，当遇到较复杂的句子时，运用这些基本句式进行分析，对句子的理解也就变得容易多了。在写作中，必须写好这些最基本的句型。 S十V主谓结构 S十V十P主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾补 五个基本句式详细解释如下： 1．S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如： I will try. She is eating. He runs quickly． 他跑得快。 They listened carefully． 他们听得很仔细。 The gas has given out． 煤气用完了。 My ink has run out． 我的钢笔水用完了。 2．S十V十P句式 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。） Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语) She is beautiful. （形容词做表语） 状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
英语重点句型句式归纳总结
九年级英语重点句型、句式 Unit 1 1. by + doing通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用”、“经过”、“乘车”等 如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2．too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 3．be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 4. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：he party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 5．one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 6. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 7．unless 假如不，除非引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。 I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写 8．see sb. / sth. doing看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do看见某人在做某事如： 如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。Unit 2 1．used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句（中考不考，可作了解） ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? Lily will go to China, won’t she? ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问如：She doesn’t come from China, does she? You haven’t finished homework, have you? ③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn’t she? ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词 如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。
英语句型大全
句型宝典 疑問句型 What is this? 結構︰問句：What＋be 動詞＋this（that…）？ 答句：This（that…）＋be 動詞＋a book（pen…）。 說明︰此句型意為“這（那）是什麼？這（那）是書（鋼筆…）”。what（什麼）叫做“疑問詞”，用於詢問“事物”，通常放在句首，後接 be <動詞>，再接<主詞>，第一個字母 w要大寫，句尾要加問號(?)，位置不可排錯。 What is this? This is a chair. 這是什麼？這是一張椅子。 What’s this? It’s a book. 這是什麼？它是一本書。 What is that? That is a desk. 那是什麼？那是一張書桌。 What are these? 結構︰問句：What are＋these／those…？ 答句：These／Those are＋複數名詞（＋s／es）。 說明︰<主詞>與<動詞>的形式要一致，is 後面接單數<名詞>，are 後面要接複數<名詞>。 What are these? These are books. 這些是什麼？這些是書。
What are those? Those are cups. 那些是什麼？那些是茶杯。 What are they? They are glasses. 它們是什麼？它們是玻璃杯。 What are you? 結構︰問句：What＋be 動詞＋主詞（人）…？ 答句：主詞＋be 動詞＋a student…。 說明︰此句型意為“你是做什麼事情的？我是學生…”。疑問詞what 除了詢問事物之外，還可用於詢問“人的職業或身分”。be <動詞>隨<人稱代名詞>的變化而改變形態，如：I am，we are，you are，he is…。 What are you? I am a student. 你是做什麼事情的？我是一名學生。 What is she? She is a teacher. 她是做什麼事情的？她是一名教師。 Are you a ...? 結構︰問句：Be 動詞（am，are，is）＋主詞＋…？ 肯定簡答：Yes，主詞＋am（are，is）。 否定簡答：No，主詞＋am（are，is）not。 說明︰在否定<簡答句>中，<主詞>和 am，is，are 可以縮寫；在肯定<簡答句>中則不可。 Is he a student? Yes, he is. (No, he isn’t.) 他是
各种英语句型结构总结
各种英语句型结构总结 各种英语句型结构总结 一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词 affordtodosth.负担得起做某事 agreetodosth.同意做某事 arrangetodosth.安排做某事 asktodosth.要求做某事 begtodosth.请求做某事 caretodosth.想要做某事 choosetodosth.决定做某事 decidetodosth.决定做某事 demandtodosth.要求做某事 determinetodosth.决心做某事 expecttodosth.期待做某事 feartodosth.害怕做某事 helptodosth.帮助做某事 hopetodosth.希望做某事 managetodosth.设法做某事 offertodosth.主动提出做某事 plantodosth.计划做某事
preparetodosth.准备做某事 pretendtodosth.假装做某事 promisetodosth.答应做某事 refusetodosth.拒绝做某事 wanttodosth.想要做某事 wishtodosth.希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aimtodosth.打算做某事 failtodosth.未能做某事 longtodosth.渴望做某事 happentodosth.碰巧做某事 hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事 struggletodosth.努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事 allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事 asksb.todosth.请（叫）某人做某事 bearsb.todosth.忍受某人做某事 begsb.todosth.请求某人做某事 causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事 commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事 drivesb.todosth.驱使某人做某事 electsb.todosth.选举某人做某事
初中英语五种基本句型结构(1)
初中---五种基本句型 中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下几方面： 1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。 2. 掌握五种基本句型在用法上的区别。 中考考查这部分内容时的题型和大体分值为： 单选（1分） 写句子（1分） 写作（1-2分） 阅读理解（1-2分） 一、知识精讲 五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。掌握了这五种基本句型，在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时，运用这些基本句型，对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。在写作中，首先要能运用好这些基本句型，才能得到高分。 （一）五种基本句型的句子成分： 1. 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。 2. 主语（subject）：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 【例句】 We often speak English in class. 我们在课上经常说英语。 Smoking does harm to the health. 吸烟对健康有害。 The rich should help the poor. 富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。 3. 谓语（verb）：谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。 【例句】 He practices running every morning. 他每天早晨练习跑步。 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。 We like helping the people in trouble 我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。
英语句型大全
英语句型大全 一．主(Subject)+系（Linkverb）+表（Predicativ on、 原形以外，一切皆可 me,go( rnout(tobe),prove(tobe) ．主语+谓语（vi/[V]）+(adv/prep+n/pron) 在一般现在时态中，当主语为He/She/It/××时，其句中
g:Heoftenplaysbasketballafterschool. sfathergetsupearlyeveryday. ★ ★ ) 词结合的） 五．主语+谓语（vi/[VNadj…]）+宾语+宾补（宾补与宾语有关系）
现将五个基本句型，合并其时态及语态，构成以下2-1=17个结构。 1. A.一般现在时态（以说话人的说话时间为基准 时而 He/She/It/××+V-s/V-es+…. He,sometimes,playsbasketballwithhisclassmates ool.
ThemannamedTomplayscardswithhisfriendsinhis e. 除了He/She/It/××以外，则直接用动词本身即可。 I+ 主语+are+V-ed+(by+原主)+…Measuresaretakentoavoiditwhensomethingdange pens.
B.现在进行时态 He/She/It/××+is+V-ing+…. Now,heislisteningtothemusicheenjoyswithapairof … C. 即强调过去的事实所带来的结果。） He/She/It/××+has+V-ed+…Theoldmanhasbeenawayfromthecitysincehisson
句型结构汇总
简单句的五种基本结构 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型结构如下： 主语 谓语 用符号表示为： ① Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） ① Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） ① Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 主语（subject ） 谓语（predicate ） 宾语（object ） 定语（attribute ） 状语(adverbial) 补语（complement ） 表语（predicative ） 基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） 这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring, live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如: It is raining now. (Ｓ Ｖ) We've worked for 5 hours. (Ｓ Ｖ) The meeting lasted half an hour. (Ｓ Ｖ) Time flies. (Ｓ Ｖ) 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。宾语可以是名词、代词、数词，动名词、动词不定式或词组、the +形容词、分词以及从句等。如， She likes English. We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday. 用下划线划出下列句中的宾语： 1. People all over the world speak English. 2.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 3.He did not know what to say. 4.He just wanted to stay at home. vi. vt . link.v. 宾语 宾语（间）宾语（直） 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 ① ⑤ ② ④ ③
英语中的五种基本句型结构
英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语(adverbial) 主语：由名词、代词 (人称代词用主格 )他她它、动名词等充当 ,说明动作是“谁”发出的。如：The painter painted a very nice picture.画家画了一幅漂亮的画。画家就是主语 谓语：谓语就是一个句子当中作为连接动作发出者和动作承受者的那个动作。比如 Bill likes playing football.其中like就是句中的谓语。 宾语就是一个句子当中作为动作的承受者的词，比如 Bill likes playing football.其中playing football就是句中的宾语。 表语：用来说明主语的身份,特征或状态等.表语所采用的词类主要是名词,形容词和副词等 .Work is STRUGGLE. 工作就是斗争(名词作表语)，struggle 就是表 语 宾语:放在谓语动词后面的名词.宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.I love you.I 是主语,动作的发出者.love是谓语动词.you是动作的对象,承受者,所以you是宾语. 定语:定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的.she is a honest people. 诚实的就是定语，说明主人公的品质和特征。她是主语是是谓语人是宾语。 状语：表示状态的,如时间、地点状语.去掉状语部分,语句依然通顺.He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好“very well”是修饰“speak”的程度状语 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一：Ｓubject ＋Ｖerb （主＋谓） 基本句型二：Ｓubject ＋Ｖerb ＋Ｏbject （主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型三：Ｓ＋LinkＶ＋Ｐredicative （主＋系动词＋表） 基本句型四：Ｓ＋Ｖerb ＋Indirect object ＋direct object （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五：Ｓ＋Ｖerb ＋Ｏbject ＋object complement （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
初中英语句型总结
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）补：a place of interest 名胜 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with 同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候补：at least 至少 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing 补：base on 以…（为）根据 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心be close to…离…很近 33 be different from……和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时
英语句型结构
一般现在时（The Present Indefinite）表示现在成为习惯或经常性的动作；现在进行时（The Present Continuous）则表示现在正在进行的动作。 1.1 现在进行时的构成 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词... 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词... 疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词...? 疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词...? 1.2 现在进行时的肯定句 句型：主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词... 构成方式：
They are cleaning the house.他们在打扫屋子。 He is brushing his teeth.他正在刷牙。 Mother is waiting for me.母亲在等我。 1.3 现在进行时的否定句 句型：主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词... 现在进行时的否定句是在助动词am/is/are后加not： I'm not doing anything right now.我现在没做什么事情。 She is not dancing，but doing exercise.她不是在跳舞，而是在锻炼。 1.4 现在进行时的疑问句 一般疑问句句型：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词...? 回答方式：Yes，主语 + am/is/are. No，主语 + am/is/are + not. 现在进行时的疑问句是将助动词am/is/are置于主语之前（大写am/is/are的第一个字母），在句尾加问号；这种语序是倒装语序： Are you leaving already? 你这么早就要走了吗? Is it raining now? —Yes，it is./No，it isn't.现在下雨吗? ——是的，在下雨。/不，不下了。Are they helping the old lady? —Yes，they are./No，they aren't.他们在帮助这位老妇人吗? ——是的。/不，没帮助她。 特殊疑问句句型：疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词...? 现在进行时的特殊疑问句是将疑问代词/疑问副词等置于助动词am/is/are之前 （am/is/are的第一个字母无需大写），和一般疑问句差不多；这种语序是倒装语序。就主语提问时，将疑问代词或带有疑问限定词的名词词组置于助动词am/is/are之前，在 句尾加问号；这种语序是陈述句语序： Who are you waiting for? —I'm not waiting for anybody.你在等谁? ——我没在等谁。What are you doing? —I'm just tying up my shoelaces.你在干什么? ——我在系鞋带。