医学考博英语影像X射线常用词汇

医学考博英语：影像X射线常用词汇医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到，平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义，新东方在线考博频道将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类，希望考生们平日多累积记忆。

一、肺Lung

清晰clear

肺门阴影增大enlargement of hilar shadows

肺纹理增粗increase of lung markings

钙化灶calcified

空洞cavitation

球形病灶circular lesion (coin lesion)

小块阴影区a minimal area of density

散状的点(片)状阴影scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows

边界不清的片状阴影a poorly defined patchy density

圆形致密影a round density

胸膜增厚pleural thickening

肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle

横膈抬高、活动受限elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement

包裹性胸腔积液encapsulated pleural effusion

液气胸hydropneumothorax

纵膈移位mediastinal displacement

肺门模糊hilar haze

肺门密度增高increase of pulmonary hilar density

肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction)

阴影性状shadow

淡的haziness

云雾状clouding

线装streaky

絮状patcky

结节状nodular

块状massive

粟粒状miliary

融合状confluent

均匀的homogeneous

二、心脏Heart

左(右)房(室)增大left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement 主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta

主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏“aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart 肺动脉段突出bulging pulmonary artery segment

肺动脉扩张a dilatation of the pulmonary artery

心影普遍增大general enlargement of the heart shadow

左(右)心室增大left(right) ventricular enlargement

左(右)心房增大left(right) atrial dilatation

靴形心脏boot-shaped heart

主动脉钙化calcification of aorta

心腰部waist of heart

垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart

三、腹部平片KUB film

结石calculus

钙化影calcified shadow

阶梯型液平fluid levels with stepladder pattern

液气平面gas-fluid level

膈下游离气体subphrenic free air

四、胃肠道钡剂检查barium enema examination

胃肠造影gastroenterography

双重对比造影double contrast radiography

食管蠕动征esophageal peristalsis sign

十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression)

小肠黏膜皱襞影mucosal fold shadow of small intestine

结肠蠕动与排空征peristalsis and empting signs of colon

胃排空时间延长delayed gastric emptying time

胃空腹潴留液fasting retention of stomach

充盈缺损filling defect

黏膜皱襞消失disappearance of the mucosal folds

张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity)

球部激惹现象irritable cap

蠕动增强vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis)

蠕动减弱bradydiastalsis

蠕动消失aperistalsis

排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation

跳跃现象skipping phenomenon

黏膜增宽和迂曲broadened and tortuous mucosal fold

黏膜皱襞平坦flat mucosal fold

五、胆道bile tract

口服胆囊造影oral cholecystography

静脉胆管胆囊造影intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography

经T形管胆囊造影trans-T-tube cholecystography

经皮肝穿刺胆管造影percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

胆总管扩张dilated common duct