第1讲非谓语动词：不定式(todo)的用法

非谓语动词不定式

非谓语动词——不定式不定式的2种形式

不定式在句子中的成分

say is easy and is hard.

主语主语To say is easy and is hard.

To see is to believe.

主语

’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.

形式主语真正主语该类形容词有：

difficult/hard/important/possible/

adj. 修饰sth. j dj f b h 形式主语真正主语impossible/comfortable/necessary 等该类形容词有：adj. 修饰sb.

’s +adj. of sb. to do sth.类形容有

kind/nice/stupid/rude/clever/foolish/thoughtful/brave/considerate 等

It ’s interesting It ’s kind of you to help To see is to believe 表语

To see is to believe .

对于一个老师来说最重要的事

The most important thing for a 是公平地对待每个学生.The most important thing for a teacher is to treat every student equally.

三. 作宾语

The bird wants to find something to drink.

宾语

+不定式作宾语的动词有：三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求未拒绝：设法学会做决定：不需假装在选择p ,,,g ,p demand, ask, fail, refuse manage, intend, learn, decide, determine 不需假装在选择：

desire, pretend, choose But the bird found it hard to find water.

主语+find/think +it + adj. + to do sth.

形式宾语

真正宾语

j 宾补

exercises.

主谓关系

advise, allow, ask, wish ll h want, get, order, tell, teach

To make me study better, my mother asks me to do exercises.make me study (省略to 的)宾补

的宾补的动词有：,y y listen to, hear)let,have)

make, let, have) see, notice, observe, watch)注意：

五. 作定语

作定语The bird wants to find something to drink 定语The bird wants to find something to drink .

I want to find a comfortable pillow to lie on.

d b 目的状语

To make me study better , my mother exercises.The cat is too control itself 结果状语

The cat is too excited

to control itself .---Lucy had a bad cold. ---I am sorry to hear that.原因状语

o e .

to leave didn’t tell his 宾语

when to leave and t tell his how to improve their products.

宾语

The man lost his way, so he didn’t know where to go.

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非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

初中不定式todo的用法

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第1讲非谓语动词：不定式(todo)的用法

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省略to的动词不定式用法归纳一、使役动词与to的省略当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如： Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如：他被迫一天工作20小时。误：He was made work twenty hours a day. 正：He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意，表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。另外注意，force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如： They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。考例： 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.360docs.net/doc/2a922443.html, to leave https://www.360docs.net/doc/2a922443.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。如： We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。但是，当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。如： They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expec t, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: * 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe,和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 不定式作定语的用法： 6 作状语 I came here to see you. (表目的) in order to / so as to We were excited to hear the news. （表原因）

(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结李靖非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如： When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致，谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late（made him angry. 7being，构成动名词，做主语。如： . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习：

to-do-sth不定式用法

动词不定式一、动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式同它的宾语和状语一起构成不定式短语。例如：to sell flowers in the street 在街上卖花to speak in the classroom 在教室里讲话不定式省to有四种情况： 1、使役动词let, make, have等后接不定式。例如：Let him go! The boss made the child labors work the whole night. 2、would rather, had better后。例如：You had better stay at home. 3、Why…/Why not…后。例如：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 4、感官动词see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find，notice 等后作宾语补足语，省to。例如：I saw him dance. 注意：这些情况在被动语态中，不可省to. 例如：The child labors were made to work the whole night. 二、动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。例如：The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. How to make requests politely is important. 2、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常用在be动词及seem, appear, happen等词之后，构成系表结构。说明主语的内容、性质、特征。例如：The best way to improve your English is to join an English club. She seem to be well-known. 3、用作宾语 ○1. 用作宾语的动词不定式，常用在动词ask, choose, agree，expect, hope, decide, learn，prefer, know，wish, want, would like / love等及物动词之后，构成动宾短语。例如：We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. He prefers to eat white bread and rice. I’d love to visit Mexico. ○2.动词feel, find, make, think, believe等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用it作形式宾语，从而把动词不定式后置。句子结构是：主语＋feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。例如：I find it difficult to remember everything. ○3.既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别不大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作的全过程，v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。但这种区别并不很严格，特别是美式英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。例如：Then I started to watch English-language TV. I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am. （begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。） ○4.后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接v-ing形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing继续做原来的事。例如：When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me. I stopped using them last year. ○5后只接v-ing作宾语的一些常用特殊动词：give up, enjoy, practice, finish, mind等。例如：Would you mind opening the window? 4、用作定语用作定语的动词不定式一般都位于被修饰的名词之后。例如：I have so much homework to do today. I cant think of any good advice to give her. 通常chance, place, time, way等名词后接不定式作定语。另外在the first, the second, the last, the only等词后，也常用不定式作定语。例如：He needs time to do homework. You want to know the best way to get around the city. 5、用作补语 ○1.常见动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求允许提议警告（ask, allow, permit, advise，warn），期望邀请鼓励（expect, suppose, invite, encourage），教导告诉想要（teach, tell, want），希望愿意（wish, would like / love）。例如：I invited her to have dinner at my house. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. ○2.动词不定式作补语，在主动语态句里不带to，被动语态句里带to时多数动词是感官动词和使役动词，包括四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch，三“让”：have, let, make，二“听”：hear, listen to，一“感觉”：feel，一“注意”：notice。例如：This picture makes me feel tense！Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams. ○3.help后接动词不定式作补语，to可带可不带。一般说来，带to表间接帮助，不带to表直接帮助。在被动语态句里，或者用不定式的否定式作补语时要带to。例如：They can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need.

非谓语动词及不定式的用法详解

非谓语动词在英语中，不是用作句子的谓语而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. We could do nothing but wait. We have no choice but to wait. can’t choose but do, can’t help but do, can’t but do 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expect, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, caue, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: *在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe, overhear（偷听）和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 但不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way, 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。

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