医学英语后缀汇总
医学英语常用前后缀
医学英语常用前后缀·a-[无,缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲atonia[无力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲amenorrhea[闭经]·ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscision[切除]·acou (acu)-[听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouophone[助听器]·acro-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]·ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial[近轴的]▲annexa[附件]·-ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad[向头侧]·adeno-[腺]▲adenocyte[腺细胞]▲adenoidism[腺体病]·adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]·adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adrenal[肾上腺]·-aemia(emia)[血症]▲bacteremia[菌血症]▲leukemia[白血病]·-albi (albino)-[白色]▲albumin[白蛋白]▲albinism[白化病]·-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]·-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛]·alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]·alveo-[牙槽,小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎] ·ambi-[复,双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]·ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]·amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]·angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤] ·ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]·antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]·anti-[抗,反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]·rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]·archo-[肛门,直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]·arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] ·arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]·-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]·-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]·audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]·auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法] ·bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]·bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]·baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器] ·bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]·bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]·bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]·bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]·-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞] ·brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形] ·brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振] ·broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bronchitis[支气管炎] ·bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩] ·calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]·carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] ·carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]·cardio-[心,贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术]·-cele[疝,肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ·celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]·-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] ·cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] ·cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑] ·cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学] ·chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗] ·chloro-[绿,氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素]·cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩]·cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]·chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]·chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]·-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药] ·circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术] ·coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]·colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂] ·colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜] ·contra-[反,逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药] ·counter-[反,逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂] ·cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]·-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]·-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]·de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒] ·dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]·-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术] ·dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]·dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法] ·duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术] ·-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]·dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]·-ectasis[扩] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩]·-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]·-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]·-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫] ·encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿] ·endo-[] ▲endocarditis[心膜炎]▲endoscope[窥镜]·entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]·epi-[上,外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]·erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] ·esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎]·extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] ·facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术]·-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的]▲uviofast[耐紫外线]·febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热]▲febrifacient[致热的]·feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] ·fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]·fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑]▲forehead[前额]·-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的]▲granuliform[颗粒状的] ·fungi-[真菌,霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] ·gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]·-gen [原,剂] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]·-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] ·giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]·gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎] ·glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]·gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素] ·glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]·-grade[级,度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]·-gram[克,图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图] ·-graph(y)[……仪(法)]▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术] ·gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]·hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]·hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]·hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大] ·hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]·histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学] ·holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]·homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术] ·hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]·hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢] ·hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]·hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖] ·hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]·-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]·-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]·-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]·immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法] ·infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]·inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的] ·intra-[] ▲intravenous[静脉的]▲intracranial[颅的]▲intramuscular[肌肉的]·-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]·-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎]·leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]·lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]·-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]·-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] ·lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛]·lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少] ·-lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] ·macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子]·mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全]·-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] ·meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎] ·meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经]·-meter[表,计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]·-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]·micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]·mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]·multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]·myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]·myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]·naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]·neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]·nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]·neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎] ·non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]·nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]·nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]·oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]·oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]·-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]·onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因] ·ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹] ·-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]·osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲o steoarthritis[骨关节炎]·oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]·pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良] ·-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]·-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病] ·pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]·-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]·per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]·peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]·pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典]·physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学]·-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术]·-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫]▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]·pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]·-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]·pneumo-[气,肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]·poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多]·post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后]▲postoperation[术后]·pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]·pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] ·psycho-[精神,心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]·-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]·-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓]▲hemoptysis[咯血]·pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]·radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]·recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术] ·retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离] ·rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]·-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血] ·-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术] ·-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]·schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂] ·scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]·sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]·-scope(y)[镜,检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法] ·semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁] ·spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]·-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]·sub-[下,亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]·super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]·supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] ·tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]·-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗] ·thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]·thrombo-[血栓,血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]·-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术] ·tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]·trans-[经,转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]·-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]·ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]·utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]·vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩剂]附3 医学英语的特征①特殊的单复数(单数→复数)·a→ae ▲aortae-aortae[主动脉]▲pleura-pleurae[胸膜]·us→i ▲coccus-cocci[球菌]▲bacillus-bacilli[杆菌]·um→a ▲serum-sera[血清]▲bacterium-bactera[细菌] ·on→a ▲phenomenon-phenomena[现象]▲criterion-criteria[标准] ·x→ces ▲cortex-cortices[皮质]▲appendix-appendices[阑尾]▲thorax-thoraces[胸廓] ·x→ges ▲pharynx-pharynges[咽]▲larynx-larynges[喉]·is→es ▲crisis-crises[危象]▲analysis-analyses[分析] ·ma→mata ▲trauma-traumata[创伤]▲hemotoma-hemotomata[血肿] ·men→mina ▲lumen-lumina[腔]▲abdomen-abdomina[腹]2、字母可互通使用·ae-e ▲haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]▲aetiology-etiology[病因] ·oe-e ▲oedema-edema[水肿]▲oesophagus-esophagus[食管] ·ou-u ▲oulitis-ulitis[牙龈炎]▲ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿检] ·ph-f ▲sulphate-sulfate[硫酸盐]▲sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺] ·k-c ▲EKG-ECG[心电图]▲leukocyte-leucocyte[白细胞]▲Katabolism-catabolism[分解代] ·y-i ▲syrup-sirup[糖浆]3、英美的不同拼写形式(英-美)·our(英)-or(美) ▲colour-color[颜色]▲tumour-tumor[肿瘤]·re-er ▲centre-center[中心]▲metre-meter[米]·yes-yze ▲analyse-analyze[分析]▲paralyse-paralyze[瘫痪] ·xion-ction ▲connexion-connection[连接]▲reflexion-reflection[反射] ·mme-m ▲gramme-gram[克]·ogue-og ▲dialogue-dialog[对话]▲catalogue-catalog[目录] ·c-k ▲disc-disk[软盘]▲sceptic-skeptic[怀疑论者] 4、词根交替现象·mouth[口]-oral[口的]·tooth[牙齿]-dental[牙齿的]·tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]·ear[耳]-aural[耳的]·nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]·eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]·skin[皮肤]-dermal[皮肤的]·heart [心]-cardiac[心脏的]·liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]·stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]·lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]·kideny[肾]-renal[肾的]·neck[颈]-cervical[颈的]·chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]·brain[脑]-cerebral[脑的]·nerve[神经]-neural[神经的]·rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]·mother[母]-maternal[母亲的]·heat[热]-thermal[热的]·bone[骨]-bony[骨的]·virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]·saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]·respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]·joint[关节]-arthritis[关节炎]·kidney[肾]-nephritis[肾炎]·nerve[神经]-neuritis[神经炎]·lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]·brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎] ·stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]·artery[动脉]-arteritis[动脉炎] ·bronchus[支气管]-bronchitis[支气管炎] ·heart[心]-cardiology[心脏病学]·eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科学]·cell[细胞]-cytology[细胞学]·tumor[肿瘤]-oncology[肿瘤学] ·disease[病]-pathology[病理学]·drug[药]-pharmocology[药理学] ·parasite[寄生虫]-parasitology[寄生虫学] ·bacterium[细菌]-bacteriology[细菌学] ·cell[细胸]-cyto-[细胞]·blood[血]-hemo-[血]。
后缀 医学英语
-enchysis
注射
-ency
性质,状态,行为
-ene
烯
-ent
具有…性质的,关于…的
-eous
…的
-er
人,物及动物
-ergic
表现活动的,刺激活动的
-ery
场所,地点,工作处,行为,状态,情况
-ese
某国的、某地的(人及语言)
-less
…的, 不…的
-let
小
-lexia
说,诵读
-like
如…的,有…性质的,属于…的,像…的
-ling
或动物, 小
-lith
石,结石
-logical
…学的
-logist
…学家
-logy, -logia
…学
-ness
性质,情况,状态
-nephros
肾
-nomy
法,学,规律(性)
-nyxis
穿刺
-ode
…样的,…状的,类…的(物)
-odynia , -odyno
痛
-oid
样的, …状的,如…的
-ol
醇,酚,油
-ole
油
-dermis
组织层,皮层
-desis
固定(术),粘合
-dom
状态,身份,…界
-ducent
导
-duct, -duction
导,引
-dymus
双胎,连胎
-dynamia
力,动力
-eal
…的
-ectasia , -ectasis
常见医学英语后缀
6, 表示…科学 儿科学
精神病学 产科学 矫形科学 耳科学
口腔生理学 男性医学,男性科
7,表示人称名词 医师,内科医师 技术员
8, 由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为…化 简化 钙化 分类,分级
交流,交往 9,由动词变化而来的动名词
弯曲 穿刺 结构 名称,术语
压力 裂隙,裂 破裂 发作
21,表示性质 强直,僵硬
特征,专业 责任,责任心
容量,智能,能力 死亡率 发病率 夜间
安全性 传导性 渗透性
性质 丰富 整体,统一性
肥胖 类似,相似
二、形容词性后缀
1,表示可能的,可以的 易兴奋的
易接受的 可移动的 可改变的,可改动的 可用的,可得到的
医学英语后缀
一、名词性后缀
1,为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总 称. 百分数,百分率 电压,伏特数 灌洗,洗,出法 管词法 刮除法 不足,缺少
2,表示抽象名词 准确,精确度 婴儿期
3,、表示性质和动作 不同
干扰,干预 影响,感化
发出,出现 激烈,暴力
存在 意义,意味
4,、 抽象名词后缀 不足,不全 趋势,趋向 频率 妊娠 紧急,急救 流利,流畅 足够,充足 坚定,经久不变
标准化 矿物质化 复极化 去极化 致敏
转移
四、副词性后缀
1,-ly由形容构成的副词,最为常用,表示……地
simultaneously 同时地
concurrently
同时地
widely
广泛地
excursively
专用地、唯一地
scarcely
仅仅、刚刚
医学英语常用后缀
医学英语常用后缀
医学英语中常用的后缀有:
-itis:表示炎症,如bronchitis(支气管炎)、gastritis(胃炎)-osis:表示异常状态或病变,如hepatosis(肝病)、
-pathy:表示病理或病症,如neuropathy(神经病变)
-emia:表示血液异常,如anemia(贫血)
-ectomy:表示切除手术,如appendectomy(阑尾切除术)
-otomy:表示切开手术,如craniotomy(颅骨切开术)
-graphy:表示透视或成像,如radiography(放射线透视)
-scopy:表示观察或检查,如endoscopy(内窥镜检查)
-ology:表示学科或研究,如neurology(神经学)
-oma:表示肿瘤,如carcinoma(癌症)
-itis:表示炎症,如bronchitis(支气管炎)、gastritis(胃炎)-osis:表示异常状态或病变,如hepatosis(肝病)、
-pathy:表示病理或病症,如neuropathy(神经病变)
-emia:表示血液异常,如anemia(贫血)
-ectomy:表示切除手术,如appendectomy(阑尾切除术)-otomy:表示切开手术,如craniotomy(颅骨切开术)
-graphy:表示透视或成像,如radiography(放射线透视)-scopy:表示观察或检查,如endoscopy(内窥镜检查)-ology:表示学科或研究,如neurology(神经学)
-oma:表示肿瘤,如carcinoma(癌症)。
医学英语快速记忆-后缀
医学英语快速记忆-后缀医学英语快速记忆-后缀医学英语快速记忆-后缀后缀在缀合法中只起改变词性的作用,不改变词根的含意,这在第一章内已叙述。
现将常用后缀分一般英语后缀及医学英语后缀两部分来说明。
因词性不同、后缀可分为名词性、形容词等。
一、名词性后缀1、-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称,percentage百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
2、-cy表示抽象名词,accuracy准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3、-ence、-ance表示性质和动作,difference不同,interference干扰,干预,influence影响,感化,occurrence发出,出现,violence激烈,暴力,existence存在,significance意义,意味。
4、-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀,difficiency不足,不全,tendency趋势,趋向,frequency频率,pregnancy妊娠,emergency紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,sufficiency足够,充足,constancy坚定,经久不变。
5、-er表示人、者,diameter直径,receiver接收者,接受者,carrier携带者,beginner初学者,创始人,reader读者,shutter 快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6、-ics 表示科学,psdiatrics儿科学,psychiatrics精神病学,obstetrics产科学,orthopdics矫形科学,auristrics耳科学,gnathostomatics口腔生理学,andriatrics男性医学,男性科。
7、-ian表示人称名词,physician医师,内科医师,technician 技术员。
8、-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为化,simpliffcation简化,calcification钙化,classification分类,分级,communication交流,交往。
医学英语常用前后缀
医学英语常用前后缀·a-[无,缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲atonia[无张力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲amenorrhea[闭经]·ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscision[切除]·acou (acu)-[听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouophone[助听器]·acro-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]·ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial[近轴的]▲annexa[附件]·-ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad[向头侧]·adeno-[腺]▲adenocyte[腺细胞]▲adenoidism[腺体病]·adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]·adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adrenal[肾上腺]·-aemia(emia)[血症]▲bacteremia[菌血症]▲leukemia[白血病]·-albi (albino)-[白色]▲albumin[白蛋白]▲albinism[白化病]·-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]·-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛]·alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]·alveo-[牙槽,小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎] ·ambi-[复,双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]·ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]·amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]·angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤] ·ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]·antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]·anti-[抗,反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]·rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]·archo-[肛门,直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器] ·arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] ·arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]·-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]·-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]·audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]·auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法] ·bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]·bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]·baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器] ·bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]·bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]·bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]·bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]·-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞] ·brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形] ·brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振] ·broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bronchitis[支气管炎] ·bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] ·calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]·carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] ·carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物] ·cardio-[心,贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术] ·-cele[疝,肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ·celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查] ·-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] ·cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] ·cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑] ·cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学] ·chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗] ·chloro-[绿,氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素]·cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张]·cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]·chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]·chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]·-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药] ·circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术] ·coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]·colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂] ·colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜] ·contra-[反,逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药] ·counter-[反,逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂] ·cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]·-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]·-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]·de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒] ·dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]·-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术] ·dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]·dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法] ·duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术] ·-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]·dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]·-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张] ·-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]·-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]·-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫] ·encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]·endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]·entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]·epi-[上,外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]·erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] ·esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎]·extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] ·facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术]·-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的]▲uviofast[耐紫外线]·febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热]▲febrifacient[致热的]·feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] ·fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]·fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑]▲forehead[前额]·-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的]▲granuliform[颗粒状的] ·fungi-[真菌,霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] ·gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]·-gen [原,剂] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]·-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] ·giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]·gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎] ·glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]·gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素] ·glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]·-grade[级,度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]·-gram[克,图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图] ·-graph(y)[……仪(法)]▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术] ·gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]·hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]·hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]·hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大] ·hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]·histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学] ·holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]·homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术] ·hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]·hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢] ·hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]·hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖] ·hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]·-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]·-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]·-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]·immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法] ·infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]·inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的] ·intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]·-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]·-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎]·leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]·lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]·-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]·-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] ·lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛]·lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少] ·-lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] ·macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子]·mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全]·-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] ·meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎] ·meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经]·-meter[表,计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]·-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]·micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]·mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]·multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]·myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]·myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]·naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]·neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]·nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]·neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎] ·non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]·nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]·nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]·oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]·oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]·-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]·onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因] ·ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹] ·-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]·osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲o steoarthritis[骨关节炎] ·oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]·pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良] ·-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]·-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病] ·pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]·-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少] ·per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的] ·peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的] ·pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典] ·physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学] ·-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术]·-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫]▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]·pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术] ·-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促] ·pneumo-[气,肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌] ·poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多]·post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后]▲postoperation[术后]·pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]·pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] ·psycho-[精神,心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]·-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]·-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓]▲hemoptysis[咯血]·pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]·radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]·recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术] ·retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离] ·rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]·-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血] ·-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术] ·-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]·schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂] ·scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]·sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]·-scope(y)[镜,检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法] ·semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁] ·spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]·-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]·sub-[下,亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的] ·super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]·supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] ·tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]·-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗] ·thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学] ·thrombo-[血栓,血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]·-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术] ·tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血] ·trans-[经,转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]·-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]·ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]·utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]·vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]附3 医学英语的特征①特殊的单复数(单数→复数)·a→ae ▲aortae-aortae[主动脉]▲pleura-pleurae[胸膜]·us→i ▲coccus-cocci[球菌]▲bacillus-bacilli[杆菌]·um→a ▲serum-sera[血清]▲bacterium-bactera[细菌] ·on→a ▲phenomenon-phenomena[现象]▲criterion-criteria[标准] ·x→ces ▲cortex-cortices[皮质]▲appendix-appendices[阑尾]▲thorax-thoraces[胸廓]·x→ges ▲pharynx-pharynges[咽]▲larynx-larynges[喉]·is→es ▲crisis-crises[危象]▲analysis-analyses[分析] ·ma→mata ▲trauma-traumata[创伤]▲hemotoma-hemotomata[血肿] ·men→mina ▲lumen-lumina[腔]▲abdomen-abdomina[腹]2、字母可互通使用·ae-e ▲haemorrhage-hemorrhage[出血]▲aetiology-etiology[病因] ·oe-e ▲oedema-edema[水肿]▲oesophagus-esophagus[食管] ·ou-u ▲oulitis-ulitis[牙龈炎]▲ouroscopy-uroscopy[尿检] ·ph-f ▲sulphate-sulfate[硫酸盐]▲sulphonamide-sulfonamide[磺胺] ·k-c ▲EKG-ECG[心电图]▲leukocyte-leucocyte[白细胞]▲Katabolism-catabolism[分解代谢] ·y-i ▲syrup-sirup[糖浆]3、英美的不同拼写形式(英-美)·our(英)-or(美) ▲colour-color[颜色]▲tumour-tumor[肿瘤]·re-er ▲centre-center[中心]▲metre-meter[米]·yes-yze ▲analyse-analyze[分析]▲paralyse-paralyze[瘫痪] ·xion-ction ▲connexion-connection[连接]▲reflexion-reflection[反射] ·mme-m ▲gramme-gram[克]·ogue-og ▲dialogue-dialog[对话]▲catalogue-catalog[目录] ·c-k ▲disc-disk[软盘]▲sceptic-skeptic[怀疑论者] 4、词根交替现象·mouth[口]-oral[口的]·tooth[牙齿]-dental[牙齿的]·tongue[舌]-lingual[舌的]·ear[耳]-aural[耳的]·nose[鼻]-nasal[鼻的]·eye[眼]-ophthalmic[眼的]·skin[皮肤]-dermal[皮肤的]·heart [心]-cardiac[心脏的]·liver[肝]-hepatic[肝的]·stomach[胃]-gastric[胃的]·lung[肺]-pulmonary[肺的]·kideny[肾]-renal[肾的]·neck[颈]-cervical[颈的]·chest[胸]-thoracic[胸的]·brain[脑]-cerebral[脑的]·nerve[神经]-neural[神经的]·rib[肋骨]-costal[肋骨的]·mother[母]-maternal[母亲的]·heat[热]-thermal[热的]·bone[骨]-bony[骨的]·virus[病毒]-viral[病毒的]·saliva[唾液]-salivary[唾液的]·respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]·joint[关节]-arthritis[关节炎]·kidney[肾]-nephritis[肾炎]·nerve[神经]-neuritis[神经炎]·lioer[肝]-hepatitis[肝炎]·brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎] ·stomache[胃]-gastritis[胃炎]·artery[动脉]-arteritis[动脉炎] ·bronchus[支气管]-bronchitis[支气管炎] ·heart[心]-cardiology[心脏病学]·eye[眼]-ophthalmology[眼科学]·cell[细胞]-cytology[细胞学]·tumor[肿瘤]-oncology[肿瘤学] ·disease[病]-pathology[病理学]·drug[药]-pharmocology[药理学] ·parasite[寄生虫]-parasitology[寄生虫学] ·bacterium[细菌]-bacteriology[细菌学] ·cell[细胸]-cyto-[细胞]·blood[血]-hemo-[血]。
【医学英语】常用医学专业英语后缀
【医学英语】常用医学专业英语后缀后缀在缀合法中只起改变词性的作用,不改变词根的含意。
后缀因词性不同、可分为名词性、形容词性、动词性及副词性后缀,现列举于下:一、名词性后缀1,-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称percent age百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curetta ge刮除法,shortag e不足,缺少。
2,-cy表示抽象名词accurac y 准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3,-ence、-ance表示性质和动作differe nce不同,interfe rence干扰,干预,influen ce影响,感化,occurre nce发出,出现,violenc e激烈,暴力,existen ce存在,signifi cance意义,意味。
4,-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀diffici ency不足,不全,tendenc y趋势,趋向,frequen cy频率,pregnan cy妊娠,emergen cy紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,suffici ency足够,充足,constan cy坚定,经久不变。
5,-er表示…人、…者diamete r直径,receive r接收者,接受者,carrier携带者,beginne r初学者,创始人,reader读者,shutter快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6,-ics 表示…科学psdiatr ics儿科学,psychia trics精神病学,obstetr ics产科学,orthopd ics矫形科学,auristr ics耳科学,gnathos tomati cs口腔生理学,andriat rics男性医学,男性科。
医学专业英语常用后辍
常用医学名词后缀A-ac(o)usia;-ac(o)usis 听-aceae 有…的性质;科(生物学分类名)-acid 酸-ad 向-aemia 血,血液(病)-agogue;-agoga 催,利,促进剂-agra 痛发作-al 醛;…的,具有…的特性-alcolol 醇-aldehyde 醛-alg(es)ia 痛-amide 酰胺-amidine 胱-amine 胺-ane 饱和烃,烷[烃]-ant …性的;…性物质-arsine 胂-ase 酶-asis (病的)状态;情况-ate 盐,酯,根-ation 行为,状态,性质,结果,作用-ator 人物-azide 叠氮B-biosis 生命-blast 成…细胞;母细胞C-c(o)ele 腔;瘤;膨出,突出,肿大;疝-cain(e) 卡因-cardia 心-cele 腔;瘤;突出,肿大-cene 并苯(链式);省-centesis 穿刺-cephalous 有…头的-chrom(as)ia;-chromia 色,色素-chylia 液;乳糜-cide 杀,灭-clasia;-clasis 破坏,折断-clast 破碎,破裂-cleisis 闭-clysis 灌注,灌洗,输液,滴药-coccus 球菌-cocoal 球菌的-conia 尘-crania 颅-crotic 脉搏-cyst 囊,胞-cyte 细胞D-dactylia 指,趾-dendron 树-derm(a) 皮;胚叶-dermia 皮病-desis 固定-diazonium 重氮-din(e) 定;啶-dynia 痛E-ectasis 扩张,膨胀-ectomy 切除术,切除-ectopia 异位-emesis 呕吐-emia 血,血液(病)-ene 烯-enol 烯醇-er 人或物-esis (病的)状态,情况-ester 酯-ether 醚F-facient …化的东西;…性的-fast 耐,抗-fication 化-form 形,状-fugal 离开的,远离的;驱逐的-fuge 驱走;驱除剂G-galactia 乳-gamy 结婚;两性合一,结合-gastria 胃-gen 原-genesia;-genesis 起源,发生-genic;-genous 产生,生产-genin 配基-glia 胶质-glossia 舌-glycol 二醇-grade 步,行-gram 描记图,(摄影)图,摄像图,照片,象-graph (曲线)图,摄影法,描记法,照相,照片,描记器-graphy 照相术,描记术,摄影(法),书写,记录H-hydrin 醇I-ia 状态,病(态)-iasis 病,病态-iatrics;-iatry 医疗术-ible 可能,易于-ic(s) ……学-ide …化物,酰替…胺,酐-ile 形容词词尾-in(e) 素,质,精;因-ism 中毒;行为,状态;主义-ites 水肿,浮肿-itis 炎[症]-itol 糖醇K-kinesia 运动,动力L-lemma 膜-lepsia;-lepsy 发作,缺乏-less 无,没有,缺乏-let 小-like 样,相似-lite 石-lith 石;结石-lithiasis (结)石病-logia;-logy 学,论;言语-logist …学家-lysis 分解,溶解-lytic 分解的,溶解的M-ma 瘤-malacia 软化-mania 躁狂,狂,癖-mastia 乳房-megaly;-megalia 巨大,肥大,肿大-melia 肢-menia 月经-meter 计,表,量器,器-metra 子宫-metropia 视度,视光,眼光-metry 测定,测量(法),定量-mimetic 拟似的-mnesia 记忆力-morph(ous) 形态,形-mycin 霉素-mycosis 真菌病,霉菌病-myelia 脊髓,髓N-nema 线,丝-nitrile 腈-nomy 学,法O-oate 酸酯-odynia 痛-oic acid 酸-oid …样的,…状的,如…的-ol 醇;酚-ology …学-oma 肿瘤,癌-one 酮-onic acid 酮酸;糖本-opia;-opy 眼,视力-opsia;-opsy 视力-osan 聚糖-ose 糖-oside 糖苷-osis 病(态),增多(症)-osmia 嗅觉-osone 邻酮醇糖-ostomy 造口术,造瘘术,吻合术-otic 病态的-otomy 切开术-oxide 氧P-pagus 联胎-para 产-path 患者,病人-pathy 病(变),疗法,痛苦-penia 减少(症),缺乏(症)-pepsia 消化-peroxide 过氧-pexy 固定,固定术-phage;-phagia;-phagy 食,噬(食)-phase 期,阶段,时相-phasia;-phasy 言语-phile 爱好,嗜-philia 嗜,亲-phobe;-phobia 恐怖-phonia 音,亲-phonia;-phone 音,声-phore 载有;载体;器-phoresis 移动,传递-phoria 斜视-phosphinic acid 次磷酸-phosphonic acid 磷酸-phosphoric 磷酸-phrenia 膈,精神,意态,意志-phylaxis 预防,防御-phyte 疣;菌;植物-plasia 生长,形成-plasm 形成物,质,浆-plast 原始细胞;(小)体-plasty 成形术,移植术,整复术,整形术-plegia 瘫痪,麻痹-plexy 发作,卒中-pnea 呼吸-pod(ia) 足-poiesis 产生,造,生(成)-poietic (产)生,生成的,产生的-porosis 疏松-praxis 疗法-psin (消化)酶的词尾-ptosis 下垂-ptysis 吐涎R-r(r)hage;-rrhagia 出血,流血-r(r)haphy 缝合术-r(r)hea 溢出,流出-rrhexia;-rrhexis 破裂,裂;脆S-saccharic acid 糖质酸-salpinx 输卵管-schisis 裂-scope 镜,检查镜,窥镜-scopy 镜检(查);检查法,观察法-sis 状态,病态-some;-som(i)a;-somus 躯体,体-spasm 痉挛-stasis 固定,停滞,郁滞-stat 稳定,静位-staxis 出血-stenosis 狭窄-sterol (类)固醇,甾醇-stomia;-stomy 造口术,吻合术-sulfonic acid 磺酸T-taxis;-taxy 趋性,向性;回复,整复-theca 膜,鞘-therapy 疗法,治疗-thermy 疗法,热-thial 硫醛-thiol 硫醇-thione 硫酮-thiourea 硫脲-thrix 毛,发-thymia 情感,心境-tocia 分娩,产-tome 刀;片,节-tomy 切开术,切断术-tonus;-tonia;-tony 张力,紧张-tresia 闭,窄-trichia 毛,发-trophic;-trophin;-trophy 营养-trophy 营养-tropic 趋向的,向…的,亲…的-tropin 促…激素;托品-trop(o)ism;-tropy 向…性,亲…性,趋向性,亲和性-type 型,式U-uia 尿,尿路-urea 脲-uria 尿X-xerosis 干燥Y-yl 基-yne 炔Z-zoon 动物。
医学英语前后缀
医学英语前后缀♥a-[无,缺]anemia[贫血] atonia[无张力] asymptomatic[无症状得] amenorrhea[闭经] ♥ab-[分离]abduct [外展] abscision[切除]♥acou (acu)-[听觉]acumeter [听力计] acouophone[助听器]♥acro-[肢端]acromegaly[肢端肥大症] acromastitis[乳头炎]♥ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]adrenal [肾上腺] adaxial[近轴得] annexa[附件]♥-ad[……侧]ventrad[向腹侧] cephalad[向头侧]♥adeno-[腺]adenocyte[腺细胞] adenoidism[腺体病]♥adipo-[脂肪]adiposis[肥胖症] adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]♥adreno-[肾上腺]adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素] adrenalin[肾上腺素] adrenal[肾上腺] ♥-aemia(emia)[血症]bacteremia[菌血症] leukemia[白血病]♥-albi (albino)-[白色]albumin[白蛋白] albinism[白化病]♥-algesia[痛觉]hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]♥-algia[痛]arthralgia[关节痛] cephalgia[头痛] neuralgia[神经痛]♥alkali-[碱]alkalosis[碱中毒]♥alveo-[牙槽,小沟]alveolitis[牙槽炎] alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]♥ambi-[复,双]ambiopia[复视] ambivert[双重性格]♥ambly-[弱]amblyopia[弱视] amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]♥amylo-[淀粉]amyloidosis[淀粉酶] amylase[淀粉酶]♥angio-[血管]angiography[血管造影术] angioedema[血管性水肿] angeitis[脉管炎] angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]♥ante-[前]antenatal[出生前得] anteflexion[前屈]♥antero-[前]anterolateral[前侧壁] anteroventral[前腹侧]antibiotics[抗生素] antihypertensives[降压药] anticoagulant[抗凝剂] ♥rarchno-[蛛网膜]arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]♥archo-[肛门,直肠]archorrhagia[肛门出血] archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]♥arterio-[动脉]arteriospasm[动脉痉挛] arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]♥arthro-[关节]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺] arthrotomy[关节切开术] arthritis[关节炎] ♥-ase[酶]oxidase[氧化酶] proteinase[蛋白酶]♥-asthenia[无力]myasthenia[肌无力] neurasthenia[神经衰弱]♥audio(audito)-[听力]audiology[听觉学] audiometer[听力计]♥auto-[自己]autoimmune[自身免疫] auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]♥bacilli-[杆菌]bacillosis[杆菌病] bacilluria[杆菌尿]♥bacterio-[细菌]bacteriology[细菌学] bactericide[杀菌剂]♥baro-[压力]barometer [压力计] baroreceptor[压力感受器]♥bary-[迟钝]barylalia[言语不清] baryacusia[听觉迟钝]♥bi-[双]bicuspid[二尖瓣]] bilateral[两侧得]♥bili-[胆汁]bilirubin[胆红素]♥bio-[生命]biology[生物学] biopsy[活检]♥-blast[母细胞]spermatoblast[精子细胞] melanoblast[成黑色素细胞] osteoblast[成骨细胞] ♥brachy-[短]brachypnea[气短] brachydactylia[短指畸形]♥brady-[迟缓]bradycardia[心动过缓] bradypsychia[精神不振]♥broncho-[支气管]bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查] bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛] bronchitis[支气管炎] ♥bronchiolo-[细支气管]bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张]♥calci-[钙]calcification[钙化] calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]carbohydrate[碳水化合物] carbohaemia[碳酸血症]♥carcino-[癌]carcinogen[致癌物]♥cardio-[心,贲门]cardiotonics[强心剂] cardioplasty[贲门成形术]♥-cele[疝,肿物]omphalocele[脐疝] hysterocele[子宫脱垂] ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ♥celio-[腹]celialgia[腹痛] celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]♥-centesis[穿刺]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] abdominocentesis[腹穿]♥cephalo-[头]cephaloxia[斜颈] cephalopathy[头部疾病] cephalotomy[穿颅术]♥cerebello-[小脑]cerebellitis[小脑炎] cerebellum[小脑]♥cerebro-[大脑]cerebritis[大脑炎] cerebrology[脑学]♥chemo-[化学]chemotherapy[化疗]♥chloro-[绿,氯]chloroform[氯仿] chloromycetin[氯霉素] chlorophyll[叶绿素]♥cholangio-[胆道]cholangitis[胆管炎] cholangiectasis[胆管扩张]♥cholo-[胆]cholagogue[利胆剂] cholelithiasis[胆石症] cholecystitis[胆囊炎] cholesterol[胆固醇] ♥chondro-[软骨]chondrosara[软骨肉瘤] chondrification[骨软化]♥chromo-[色素]cytochrome[细胞色素] chromosome[染色体]♥-cide[杀……剂]germicide[杀菌剂] aborticide[堕胎药]♥circum-[周围]circumoral[口周得] circumcision[包皮环切术]♥coagulo-[凝固]coagulant[凝血剂]♥colo-[结肠]colotomy[结肠切开术] coloptosis[结肠下垂]♥colpo (coleo)-[阴道]coleospastia[阴道痉挛] colposcope[阴道镜]♥contra-[反,逆]contraindication[禁忌证] contraceptive[避孕药]♥counter-[反,逆]counteragent[拮抗剂] conuterpoison[解毒剂]craniomalacia[颅骨软化] cranioclasis[碎颅术]♥-cyst-[囊]cystomy[膀胱切开术] dacryocyst[泪囊]♥-cyte-[细胞]lymphocyte[淋巴细胞] cytolysis[细胞溶解]♥de-[除去]detoxication[解毒]♥dento[牙]dentistry[牙科学] dentalgia[牙痛]♥-derm-[皮肤]epiderm[表皮] dermatology[皮肤病学] dermoplasty[皮肤成形术] ♥dextro-[右]dextrocardia[右位心] dexiotropic[右旋得]♥dis-[分离]discission[分离术] disinfection[消毒法]♥duodeno-[十二指肠]duodenitis[十二指肠炎] duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]♥-dynia[痛]acrodynia[肢体痛] urethrodynia[尿道痛]♥dys-[异常]dysfunction[功能不良] dyshormonism[内分泌障碍] dysuria[排尿困难] ♥-ectasis[扩张]gastroectasis[胃扩张] aerenterectasia[肠胀气] bronchiectasia[支气管扩张] ♥-ectomy[切除术]appendectomy[阑尾切除术] lipectomy[脂肪切除术]♥-edema[水肿]encephaledema[脑水肿] myxedema[粘液性水肿]♥-emesia[呕]hematemesia[呕血] helminthemesia[吐虫]♥encephalo-[脑]encephaloma[脑瘤] encephaledema[脑水肿]♥endo-[内]endocarditis[心内膜炎] endoscope[内窥镜]♥entero-[肠]enteritis[肠炎] enterovirus[肠病毒]♥epi-[上,外]epigastrium[上腹部]♥erythro-[红]erythromycin[红霉素] erythroderma[红皮病]♥esophago-[食管]esophagoscope[食管镜] esophagitis[食管炎]♥extra-[……外]extracellular[细胞外得] extrasystole[额外收缩]♥facio-[面]facioplegia[面瘫] facioplasty[面部成形术]♥-fast[耐]acid-fast[抗酸得] uviofast[耐紫外线]♥febri-[热]febricula[低热] febrifacient[致热得]♥feti-[胎儿]feticulture[妊娠期卫生] fetometry[胎儿测量法]♥fibro-[纤维]fibroblast[成纤维细胞] fibrosis[纤维化]♥fore-[前]forebrain[前脑] forehead[前额]♥-form[形状]oviform[卵形得] granuliform[颗粒状得]♥fungi-[真菌,霉菌]fungicide[杀真菌剂] fungistasis[制霉菌作用]♥gastro-[胃]gastroptosis[胃下垂] gastroenteritis[胃肠炎] gastroscopy[胃镜检查] gastratrophy[胃萎缩] ♥-gen [原,剂]glycogen[糖原] pathogen[病原体] androgen[雄激素] Estrogen[雌激素] ♥-genic[……性]cardiogenic[心源性得] allergenic[变应反应]♥giganto-[巨大]gigantocyte[巨红细胞] gigantism[巨大症]♥gingivo-[牙龈]gingivitis[牙龈炎] gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]♥glosso-[舌]glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]♥gluco-[糖]glucoprotein[糖蛋白] glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]♥glyco-[糖]glycogen[糖原] glycouria[糖尿]♥-grade[级,度]centigrade[摄氏温度计] retrograde[逆行性]♥-gram[克,图]microgram[微克] electroencephalogram[脑电图]♥-graph(y)[……仪(法)]electrocardiogram[心电图] bronchography[支气管造影术]♥gyneco-[妇女]gynecology[妇科学] gynecopathy[妇科病]♥hemo(hemato)-[血]hemoglobin[血红蛋白] hematoma[血肿]♥hemi-[半]hemiplegia[偏瘫] hemicrania[偏头病]hepatitis[肝炎] hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化] hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大] ♥hidro-[汗]hyperhidrosis[多汗症] anhidrosis[无汗症]♥histo-[组织]histology[组织学] histomorphology[组织形态学]♥holo-[全]holonarcosis[全麻] holoenzyme[全酶]♥homo-[同]homotype[同型] homologue[同系物] homoplasty[同种移植术] ♥hydro-[水]hydropericardium[心包积水] hydrolysis [水解]♥hypr-[高]hypercalcemia[高钙血症] hyperthyroidism[甲亢]♥hypno-[睡眼]hypnotics[安眠药] hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]♥hypo-[低]hypotension[低血压] hypoglycemia[低血糖]♥hystero-[子宫]hysterospasm[子宫痉挛] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥-ia[病]melancholia[忧郁症] pyrexia[发热]♥-iatrics[医学]pediatrics[儿科学] geriatrics[老年病学]♥-iatry[医学]psychiatry[精神病学] pediatry[儿科学]♥immuno-[免疫]immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白] immunotherapy[免疫疗法]♥infra-[下]infraorbital[眶下得] infrared[红外线]♥inter-[间]intervertebral[椎间得] intercellular[细胞间得]♥intra-[内]intravenous[静脉内得] intracranial[颅内得] intramuscular[肌肉内得] ♥-ist[家]pathologist[病理学家] anatomist[解剖学家]♥-itis[炎症]cellulitis[蜂窝织炎] myocarditis[心肌炎]♥leuco (leuko)-[白]leucorrhea[白带] leukocytosis[白细胞增多] leukemia[白血病] ♥lipo-(脂)lipotrophy[脂肪增多] lipase[脂酶]♥-lith[结石]cholelith[胆结石] cholelithiasis[胆石症]terminology[术语学] Cardiology[心脏病学]♥lumbo-[腰]lumbosacral[腰骶部得] lumbago[腰背痛] lumbodynia[腰痛] ♥lympho-[淋巴]lymphedema[淋巴水肿] lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少] ♥-lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了]aythrolysis[关节松解术] spasmolytic[解痉得]♥macro-[大]macrophage[巨噬细胞] macromolecule[大分子]♥mal-[不良]malnutrition[营养不良] malfunction[功能不全]♥-megaly[巨大]cardiomegaly[心扩大] cephalomegaly[巨头畸形]♥meningo-[脑膜]meningitis[脑膜炎] meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]♥meno-[月经]dysmenorrhea[痛经] menopause[停经]♥-meter[表,计]spirometer[肺活量计] pyrometer[高温表]♥-metry[测量法]iodometry[碘定量法]♥micro-[小]micropump[微泵] microliter[微升]♥mono-[单-]mononucleosis[单核细胞增多] monomer[单体]♥multi-[多]multinuclear[多核得] multipara[经产妇]♥myelo-[髓]myelocele[脊髓膨出] myelocyte[髓细胞]♥myo-[肌]myocarditis[心肌炎] myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]♥naso-[鼻]nasoscope[鼻镜] nasitis[鼻炎]♥neo-[新]neoplasm[瘤] neomycin[新霉素]♥nephro-[肾]nephropathy[肾病] nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]♥neuro-[神经]neuroma[神经瘤] neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]♥non-[非]non-electrolyte[非电解质] nonfetal[非致命得]♥nulli-[无]nullipara[未产妇] nulligravida[未孕妇]♥nutri-[营养]nutrition[营养] nutrology[营养学]♥oculo-[眼]oculist[眼科医生] oculus dexter[右眼] oculus sinister[左眼] ♥oligo-[少]oligophrenia[智力发育不全] oliguria[少尿]♥-oma[肿瘤]adenoma[腺瘤] osteoma[骨瘤]♥onco-[肿瘤]oncology[肿瘤学] oncogene[癌基因]♥ophthalmo-[眼]ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]♥-osis[病]cirrhosis[肝硬化] mycosis[霉菌病]♥osteo-[骨]osteomalacia[骨软化] osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]♥oto-[耳]otolith[耳石] otoplasty[耳成形术] otopyosis[耳化脓]♥pan-[全]panimmunity[多种免疫] pantalgia[全身痛] pantatrophia[全身营养不良] ♥-para[产妇]primipara[初产妇] nullipara[未产妇]♥-pathy[病]dermatopathy[皮肤病] Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]♥pedia-[儿童]pediatrician[儿科医师] pediatrics[儿科学]♥-penia[减少]leucopenia[白细胞减少] thrombopenia[血小板减少]♥per-[经]percutaneous[经皮肤得]♥peri-[周围]pericarditis[心包炎] perianal[肛周得]♥pharmaco-[药]pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] physicochemistry[药典]♥physio-[物理physiotheraphy[理疗] physicochemistry[物理化学]♥-plasty[成形术]angioplasty[血管成形术] homoplasty[同种移植] gastroplasty[胃成形术] ♥-plegia[瘫]paraplegia[截瘫] hemiplegia[偏瘫]♥pleuro-[胸膜]pleuritis[胸膜炎] pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]♥-pnea[呼吸]orthopnea[端坐呼吸] tachypnea[呼吸急促]pneumothorax[气胸] pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]♥poly-[多]polyuria[多尿] polycholia[胆汗过多]♥post-[后]postpartum[产后] postoperation[术后]♥pre-[前]premenopause[绝经前期] premature[早搏] preload[前负荷] ♥pseudo-[假]psudohypertrophy[假性肥大] psudomembranous[假膜得] ♥psycho-[精神,心理]psychology[心理学] psychiatry[精神病学]♥-ptosis[下垂]nephroptosis[肾下垂] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥-ptysis[咯]pyoptysis[咯脓] hemoptysis[咯血]♥pyo-[脓]pyorrhea[溢脓] pyosis[化脓]♥radio-[放射]radiotherapy[放疗] radiology[放射学]♥recto-[直肠]rectitis[直肠炎] rectectomy[直肠切除术]♥retino-[视网膜]retinitis[视网膜炎] retinodialysis[视网膜分离]♥rhino-[鼻]rhinitis[鼻炎] rhinorrhea[鼻漏]♥-rrhagia[出血]gastorrhagia[胃出血] hemorrhage[出血] pneumorrhagia[肺出血] ♥-rrhaphy[缝合术]neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术] ♥-rrhea[流出]diarrhea[腹泻] menorrhea[月经]♥schisto-[裂]schistosomiasis[血吸虫病] schistoglossia[舌裂]♥scirrho-[硬]scirrhosarca[硬皮病] scirrhoma[硬癌]♥sclero-[硬]scleroderma[硬皮病] sclerometer[硬度计]♥-scope(y)[镜,检查]stethoscope[听诊器] otoscope[耳镜] proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法] ♥semi-[半]semia[半昏迷] semiliquid[半流汁]♥spondylo-[脊椎]spondylopathy[脊椎病] spondylitis[脊椎炎]colostomy[结肠造口术] ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]♥sub-[下,亚]subacute[亚急性] subabdominal[下腹部得]♥super-[在…上]superficial[浅得] superoxide[超氧化物]♥supra-[上]supraventricular[室上性得] suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] ♥tachy-[快]tachycardia[心动过速] tachypnea[呼吸急促]♥-therapy[治疗]massotherapy[按摩治疗] pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]♥thermo-[热]thermometer[温度计] thermatology[热疗学]♥thrombo-[血栓,血小板]thrombolysis[溶栓] thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症] thrombosis[血] ♥-tomy[切开术]tracheotomy[气管切开术] ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]♥tracheo-[气管]tracheoscope[气管镜] tracheorrhagia[气管出血]♥trans-[经,转移]transurethral[经尿道] transfusion[输血]♥-trophy[营养]dystrophy[营养不良] atrophy[萎缩]♥ultra-[超过]ultraviolet[紫外线] ultrasound[超声]♥utero-[子宫]uteroscope[子宫镜] uterotonic[宫缩剂]♥vaso-[血管]vasomotion[血管舒缩] Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。
医学英语常见后缀
医学英语词汇构成语言是随着人类社会的不断发展而发展的。
一些旧词的过时意味着需要人们创造出一些新的词, 而新的词的产生,大抵服从语法的法则,有其规律可循。
语言的这种"弃旧创新"不断完善和发展 的过程体现出一种规律--构词法(word-formation)。
为何在学构词法?我们认为,对于普通的医务专业人员来说,学点英语的构词方式,有以下 几方面的益处: (1)了解词的结构,扩大巩固所学的词汇。
在阅读科技文章和专业资料时,碰到生字可以 由已知的成分去分析未知词的含义,甚至可以"猜字"。
比如说,如果我们知道了词根 anthropo-[man](人)的意思,就有难理解下面几个词的含义:anthropolgy(人类学)、 anthropid(类人的)、anthropologist(人类学家)、anthropolgical(人类学的)、 philanthropist(慈善家)、 misanthropist(厌世者)。
其次,学习构词的方法对词汇的记忆和联想也是大有帮助的。
(2)为深刻理解词义有一定的帮助,如:人称外词后缀-ster 有时含有轻蔑意味:trickster (骗子手)、gamester(赌棍)、rhymster(打油诗人)、gangster(歹徒)、monster (恶人)等。
(3)培养灵活运用词语的能力和善于造词的本领。
比方,on-the-spot(现场的)、 sixteen-in-one-group(十六进制的)、blue-black(蓝黑)、under-develop(发育不全)、 middle-of-term(期中)、fecal-borne(粪便传播的)、hair-bulb(毛球)、fever-blister (发热性疱疹)、Mikulicz-Vladimiroff(米弗二氏)、mind-blindness(精神性盲)等等。
以上谈了构词的三种好处,但是也不能夸大其作用,因为词只是语言的基本素材,不能孤立 看待。
(完整)医学英语前后缀
医学英语前后缀♥a—[无,缺]anemia[贫血]atonia[无张力] asymptomatic[无症状的] amenorrhea[闭经] ♥ab-[分离]abduct [外展] abscision[切除]♥acou (acu)—[听觉]acumeter [听力计] acouophone[助听器]♥acro—[肢端]acromegaly[肢端肥大症] acromastitis[乳头炎]♥ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]adrenal [肾上腺] adaxial[近轴的] annexa[附件]♥-ad[……侧]ventrad[向腹侧]cephalad[向头侧]♥adeno—[腺]adenocyte[腺细胞] adenoidism[腺体病]♥adipo—[脂肪]adiposis[肥胖症] adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]♥adreno-[肾上腺]adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素] adrenalin[肾上腺素] adrenal[肾上腺] ♥—aemia(emia)[血症]bacteremia[菌血症] leukemia[白血病]♥-albi (albino)-[白色]albumin[白蛋白] albinism[白化病]♥—algesia[痛觉]hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]♥—algia[痛]arthralgia[关节痛] cephalgia[头痛] neuralgia[神经痛]♥alkali-[碱]alkalosis[碱中毒]♥alveo—[牙槽,小沟]alveolitis[牙槽炎] alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]♥ambi—[复,双]ambiopia[复视]ambivert[双重性格]♥ambly-[弱]amblyopia[弱视] amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]♥amylo-[淀粉]amyloidosis[淀粉酶] amylase[淀粉酶]♥angio-[血管]angiography[血管造影术] angioedema[血管性水肿] angeitis[脉管炎]angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]♥ante-[前]antenatal[出生前的] anteflexion[前屈]♥antero-[前]anterolateral[前侧壁] anteroventral[前腹侧]♥anti—[抗,反]antibiotics[抗生素] antihypertensives[降压药] anticoagulant[抗凝剂]♥rarchno-[蛛网膜]arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]♥archo-[肛门,直肠]archorrhagia[肛门出血] archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]♥arterio—[动脉]arteriospasm[动脉痉挛] arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]♥arthro—[关节]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺] arthrotomy[关节切开术] arthritis[关节炎]♥-ase[酶]oxidase[氧化酶] proteinase[蛋白酶]♥-asthenia[无力]myasthenia[肌无力] neurasthenia[神经衰弱]♥audio(audito)-[听力]audiology[听觉学] audiometer[听力计]♥auto-[自己]autoimmune[自身免疫] auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]♥bacilli-[杆菌]bacillosis[杆菌病] bacilluria[杆菌尿]♥bacterio-[细菌]bacteriology[细菌学] bactericide[杀菌剂]♥baro—[压力]barometer [压力计] baroreceptor[压力感受器]♥bary—[迟钝]barylalia[言语不清] baryacusia[听觉迟钝]♥bi—[双]bicuspid[二尖瓣]] bilateral[两侧的]♥bili-[胆汁]bilirubin[胆红素]♥bio-[生命]biology[生物学] biopsy[活检]♥-blast[母细胞]spermatoblast[精子细胞] melanoblast[成黑色素细胞] osteoblast[成骨细胞] ♥brachy—[短]brachypnea[气短] brachydactylia[短指畸形]♥brady-[迟缓]bradycardia[心动过缓] bradypsychia[精神不振]♥broncho—[支气管]bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查] bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛] bronchitis[支气管炎]♥bronchiolo-[细支气管]bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张]♥calci-[钙]calcification[钙化] calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]♥carbo-[碳]carbohydrate[碳水化合物] carbohaemia[碳酸血症]♥carcino—[癌]carcinogen[致癌物]♥cardio—[心,贲门]cardiotonics[强心剂] cardioplasty[贲门成形术]♥—cele[疝,肿物]omphalocele[脐疝] hysterocele[子宫脱垂] ophthalmocele[眼球突出]♥celio-[腹]celialgia[腹痛] celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]♥—centesis[穿刺]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] abdominocentesis[腹穿]♥cephalo-[头]cephaloxia[斜颈] cephalopathy[头部疾病] cephalotomy[穿颅术]♥cerebello—[小脑]cerebellitis[小脑炎] cerebellum[小脑]♥cerebro—[大脑]cerebritis[大脑炎] cerebrology[脑学]♥chemo-[化学]chemotherapy[化疗]♥chloro—[绿,氯]chloroform[氯仿] chloromycetin[氯霉素] chlorophyll[叶绿素]♥cholangio—[胆道]cholangitis[胆管炎] cholangiectasis[胆管扩张]♥cholo—[胆]cholagogue[利胆剂] cholelithiasis[胆石症] cholecystitis[胆囊炎] cholesterol[胆固醇] ♥chondro—[软骨]chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤] chondrification[骨软化]♥chromo—[色素]cytochrome[细胞色素] chromosome[染色体]♥-cide[杀……剂]germicide[杀菌剂] aborticide[堕胎药]♥circum—[周围]circumoral[口周的] circumcision[包皮环切术]♥coagulo-[凝固]coagulant[凝血剂]♥colo-[结肠]colotomy[结肠切开术] coloptosis[结肠下垂]♥colpo (coleo)-[阴道]coleospastia[阴道痉挛] colposcope[阴道镜]♥contra-[反,逆]contraindication[禁忌证] contraceptive[避孕药]♥counter—[反,逆]counteragent[拮抗剂] conuterpoison[解毒剂]♥cranio-[颅]craniomalacia[颅骨软化] cranioclasis[碎颅术]♥—cyst-[囊]cystomy[膀胱切开术] dacryocyst[泪囊]♥—cyte—[细胞]lymphocyte[淋巴细胞] cytolysis[细胞溶解]♥de-[除去]detoxication[解毒]♥dento[牙]dentistry[牙科学] dentalgia[牙痛]♥-derm—[皮肤]epiderm[表皮] dermatology[皮肤病学] dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]♥dextro—[右]dextrocardia[右位心] dexiotropic[右旋的]♥dis—[分离]discission[分离术] disinfection[消毒法]♥duodeno-[十二指肠]duodenitis[十二指肠炎] duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]♥-dynia[痛]acrodynia[肢体痛] urethrodynia[尿道痛]♥dys-[异常]dysfunction[功能不良] dyshormonism[内分泌障碍] dysuria[排尿困难]♥-ectasis[扩张]gastroectasis[胃扩张] aerenterectasia[肠胀气] bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]♥-ectomy[切除术]appendectomy[阑尾切除术] lipectomy[脂肪切除术]♥-edema[水肿]encephaledema[脑水肿] myxedema[粘液性水肿]♥—emesia[呕]hematemesia[呕血] helminthemesia[吐虫]♥encephalo-[脑]encephaloma[脑瘤] encephaledema[脑水肿]♥endo—[内]endocarditis[心内膜炎] endoscope[内窥镜]♥entero-[肠]enteritis[肠炎] enterovirus[肠病毒]♥epi—[上,外]epigastrium[上腹部]♥erythro-[红]erythromycin[红霉素] erythroderma[红皮病]♥esophago-[食管]esophagoscope[食管镜] esophagitis[食管炎]♥extra-[……外]extracellular[细胞外的] extrasystole[额外收缩]♥facio—[面]facioplegia[面瘫] facioplasty[面部成形术]♥—fast[耐]acid-fast[抗酸的] uviofast[耐紫外线]♥febri—[热]febricula[低热] febrifacient[致热的]♥feti—[胎儿]feticulture[妊娠期卫生] fetometry[胎儿测量法]♥fibro-[纤维]fibroblast[成纤维细胞] fibrosis[纤维化]♥fore-[前]forebrain[前脑] forehead[前额]♥—form[形状]oviform[卵形的] granuliform[颗粒状的]♥fungi-[真菌,霉菌]fungicide[杀真菌剂] fungistasis[制霉菌作用]♥gastro—[胃]gastroptosis[胃下垂] gastroenteritis[胃肠炎] gastroscopy[胃镜检查] gastratrophy[胃萎缩]♥-gen [原,剂]glycogen[糖原] pathogen[病原体] androgen[雄激素] Estrogen[雌激素]♥—genic[……性]cardiogenic[心源性的] allergenic[变应反应]♥giganto-[巨大]gigantocyte[巨红细胞] gigantism[巨大症]♥gingivo-[牙龈]gingivitis[牙龈炎] gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]♥glosso-[舌]glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]♥gluco—[糖]glucoprotein[糖蛋白] glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]♥glyco-[糖]glycogen[糖原] glycouria[糖尿]♥—grade[级,度]centigrade[摄氏温度计] retrograde[逆行性]♥—gram[克,图]microgram[微克] electroencephalogram[脑电图]♥—graph(y)[……仪(法)]electrocardiogram[心电图] bronchography[支气管造影术]♥gyneco—[妇女]gynecology[妇科学] gynecopathy[妇科病]♥hemo(hemato)—[血]hemoglobin[血红蛋白] hematoma[血肿]♥hemi—[半]hemiplegia[偏瘫] hemicrania[偏头病]♥hepato-[肝]hepatitis[肝炎] hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化] hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]♥hidro-[汗]hyperhidrosis[多汗症] anhidrosis[无汗症]♥histo-[组织]histology[组织学] histomorphology[组织形态学]♥holo—[全]holonarcosis[全麻] holoenzyme[全酶]♥homo—[同]homotype[同型] homologue[同系物] homoplasty[同种移植术]♥hydro—[水]hydropericardium[心包积水] hydrolysis [水解]♥hypr-[高]hypercalcemia[高钙血症] hyperthyroidism[甲亢]♥hypno—[睡眼]hypnotics[安眠药] hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]♥hypo-[低]hypotension[低血压] hypoglycemia[低血糖]♥hystero-[子宫]hysterospasm[子宫痉挛] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥—ia[病]melancholia[忧郁症] pyrexia[发热]♥-iatrics[医学]pediatrics[儿科学] geriatrics[老年病学]♥-iatry[医学]psychiatry[精神病学] pediatry[儿科学]♥immuno—[免疫]immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白] immunotherapy[免疫疗法]♥infra—[下]infraorbital[眶下的] infrared[红外线]♥inter-[间]intervertebral[椎间的] intercellular[细胞间的]♥intra—[内]intravenous[静脉内的] intracranial[颅内的] intramuscular[肌肉内的]♥—ist[家]pathologist[病理学家] anatomist[解剖学家]♥—itis[炎症]cellulitis[蜂窝织炎] myocarditis[心肌炎]♥leuco (leuko)-[白]leucorrhea[白带] leukocytosis[白细胞增多] leukemia[白血病]♥lipo-(脂)lipotrophy[脂肪增多] lipase[脂酶]♥-lith[结石]cholelith[胆结石] cholelithiasis[胆石症]♥-logy[学]terminology[术语学] Cardiology[心脏病学]♥lumbo—[腰]lumbosacral[腰骶部的] lumbago[腰背痛] lumbodynia[腰痛]♥lympho—[淋巴]lymphedema[淋巴水肿] lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]♥—lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了]aythrolysis[关节松解术] spasmolytic[解痉的]♥macro—[大]macrophage[巨噬细胞] macromolecule[大分子]♥mal—[不良]malnutrition[营养不良] malfunction[功能不全]♥—megaly[巨大]cardiomegaly[心扩大] cephalomegaly[巨头畸形]♥meningo-[脑膜]meningitis[脑膜炎] meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]♥meno-[月经]dysmenorrhea[痛经] menopause[停经]♥-meter[表,计]spirometer[肺活量计] pyrometer[高温表]♥—metry[测量法]iodometry[碘定量法]♥micro-[小]micropump[微泵] microliter[微升]♥mono-[单-]mononucleosis[单核细胞增多] monomer[单体]♥multi-[多]multinuclear[多核的] multipara[经产妇]♥myelo-[髓]myelocele[脊髓膨出] myelocyte[髓细胞]♥myo—[肌]myocarditis[心肌炎] myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]♥naso—[鼻]nasoscope[鼻镜] nasitis[鼻炎]♥neo-[新]neoplasm[瘤] neomycin[新霉素]♥nephro—[肾]nephropathy[肾病] nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]♥neuro-[神经]neuroma[神经瘤] neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]♥non—[非]non—electrolyte[非电解质] nonfetal[非致命的]♥nulli—[无]nullipara[未产妇] nulligravida[未孕妇]♥nutri—[营养]nutrition[营养] nutrology[营养学]♥oculo-[眼]oculist[眼科医生] oculus dexter[右眼] oculus sinister[左眼]♥oligo—[少]oligophrenia[智力发育不全] oliguria[少尿]♥—oma[肿瘤]adenoma[腺瘤] osteoma[骨瘤]♥onco—[肿瘤]oncology[肿瘤学] oncogene[癌基因]♥ophthalmo-[眼]ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]♥—osis[病]cirrhosis[肝硬化] mycosis[霉菌病]♥osteo—[骨]osteomalacia[骨软化] osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]♥oto-[耳]otolith[耳石] otoplasty[耳成形术] otopyosis[耳化脓]♥pan—[全]panimmunity[多种免疫] pantalgia[全身痛] pantatrophia[全身营养不良]♥-para[产妇]primipara[初产妇] nullipara[未产妇]♥—pathy[病]dermatopathy[皮肤病] Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]♥pedia—[儿童]pediatrician[儿科医师] pediatrics[儿科学]♥—penia[减少]leucopenia[白细胞减少] thrombopenia[血小板减少]♥per—[经]percutaneous[经皮肤的]♥peri—[周围]pericarditis[心包炎] perianal[肛周的]♥pharmaco—[药]pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] physicochemistry[药典]♥physio—[物理physiotheraphy[理疗] physicochemistry[物理化学]♥-plasty[成形术]angioplasty[血管成形术] homoplasty[同种移植] gastroplasty[胃成形术]♥-plegia[瘫]paraplegia[截瘫] hemiplegia[偏瘫]♥pleuro-[胸膜]pleuritis[胸膜炎] pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]♥—pnea[呼吸]orthopnea[端坐呼吸] tachypnea[呼吸急促]♥pneumo-[气,肺]pneumothorax[气胸] pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]♥poly-[多]polyuria[多尿] polycholia[胆汗过多]♥post—[后]postpartum[产后] postoperation[术后]♥pre—[前]premenopause[绝经前期] premature[早搏] preload[前负荷]♥pseudo—[假]psudohypertrophy[假性肥大] psudomembranous[假膜的]♥psycho—[精神,心理]psychology[心理学] psychiatry[精神病学]♥-ptosis[下垂]nephroptosis[肾下垂] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥-ptysis[咯]pyoptysis[咯脓] hemoptysis[咯血]♥pyo—[脓]pyorrhea[溢脓] pyosis[化脓]♥radio-[放射]radiotherapy[放疗] radiology[放射学]♥recto-[直肠]rectitis[直肠炎] rectectomy[直肠切除术]♥retino-[视网膜]retinitis[视网膜炎] retinodialysis[视网膜分离]♥rhino-[鼻]rhinitis[鼻炎] rhinorrhea[鼻漏]♥-rrhagia[出血]gastorrhagia[胃出血] hemorrhage[出血] pneumorrhagia[肺出血]♥-rrhaphy[缝合术]neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]♥—rrhea[流出]diarrhea[腹泻] menorrhea[月经]♥schisto—[裂]schistosomiasis[血吸虫病] schistoglossia[舌裂]♥scirrho—[硬]scirrhosarca[硬皮病] scirrhoma[硬癌]♥sclero—[硬]scleroderma[硬皮病] sclerometer[硬度计]♥—scope(y)[镜,检查]stethoscope[听诊器] otoscope[耳镜] proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]♥semi-[半]semicoma[半昏迷] semiliquid[半流汁]♥spondylo—[脊椎]spondylopathy[脊椎病] spondylitis[脊椎炎]♥—stomy[造口术]colostomy[结肠造口术] ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]♥sub—[下,亚]subacute[亚急性] subabdominal[下腹部的]♥super—[在…上]superficial[浅的] superoxide[超氧化物]♥supra—[上]supraventricular[室上性的] suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]♥tachy—[快]tachycardia[心动过速] tachypnea[呼吸急促]♥-therapy[治疗]massotherapy[按摩治疗] pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]♥thermo-[热]thermometer[温度计] thermatology[热疗学]♥thrombo—[血栓,血小板]thrombolysis[溶栓] thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症] thrombosis[血]♥—tomy[切开术]tracheotomy[气管切开术] ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]♥tracheo—[气管]tracheoscope[气管镜] tracheorrhagia[气管出血]♥trans—[经,转移]transurethral[经尿道] transfusion[输血]♥—trophy[营养]dystrophy[营养不良] atrophy[萎缩]♥ultra-[超过]ultraviolet[紫外线] ultrasound[超声]♥utero-[子宫]uteroscope[子宫镜] uterotonic[宫缩剂]♥vaso—[血管]vasomotion[血管舒缩] Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。
医学英语常用前后缀
医学英语常用前后缀-a-[无,缺]▲an emia贫血]▲atonia[无张力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲ame no rrhea 闭经]-ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscisi on[切除]-acou (acu)-听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouoph one 助听器]-aero-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]-ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial]近轴的]▲ann exa 附件]--ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad|向头侧]-adeno-腺]▲ade no cyte 腺细胞]▲ade no idism腺体病]-adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis脂旨肪坏死]-adreno-肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adre nal[肾上腺]--aemia(emia)血症]▲bacteremia 菌血症]▲leukemia [白血病]• -albi (albino)-[白色]▲albu min[白蛋白]▲albi nism[白化病]• -algesia痛觉]▲hypoalgesia痛觉减退]--algia[痛]▲arthralgia]关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲n euralgia[神经痛]-alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]-alveo-[牙槽,小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]-ambi-[复,双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]-ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]-amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]-an gio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲an gioedema血管性水肿]▲an geitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]-ante-[前]▲antenatal出生前的]▲an teflexi on[前屈]-antero-前]▲an terolateral|前侧壁]▲an terove ntral前腹侧]-anti-[抗,反]▲an tibiotics[抗生素]▲an tihyperte nsives 降压药]▲an ticoagula nt[抗凝剂]-rarchno-蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]-archo-[肛门,直肠]▲archorrhagia肛□出血]▲archosyri nx[直肠灌注器]-arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis动脉硬化]-arthro-[关节]▲arthroce ntesis 关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]--ase酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲prote in ase蛋白酶]--asthenia无力]▲myasthenia肌无力]▲neurasthenia神经衰弱]-audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]-auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy|自体血疗法] bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]-bacterio-[细菌]▲ bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]-baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor压力感受器]-bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia听觉迟卡屯]-bi-[双]▲bicuspid]二尖瓣]]▲bilateral]两侧的]bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]-bio-[生命]▲biology]生物学]▲biopsy[活检]--blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast精子细胞]▲melanoblast成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast成骨细胞]-brachy-[短]▲brachyp nea 气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]-brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia精神不振]-broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bron chioste no sis 支气管痉挛]▲ bron chitis[支气管炎]-bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张]-calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]-carbo-碳]▲carbohydrate碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia碳酸血症]-carci no-[癌]▲carci nogen 致癌物]-cardio-[心,贲门]▲cardiot on ics[强心剂]▲ cardioplasty[贲门成形术]--cele[疝,肿物]▲omphalocele 脐疝]▲hysterocele子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocelep眼球突出]-celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]--centesis穿刺]▲arthrocentesis关节穿刺术]▲abdo minocen tesis 腹穿]-cephalo-头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathyl头部疾病]▲cephalotom y[穿颅术]-cerebello-小、脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]-cerebro-大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology [脑学]-chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy 化疗]-chloro-[绿,氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycet in[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素]-cholangio-[胆道]▲chola ngitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis胆管扩张]-cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]-chondro-软骨]▲chondrosarcoma软骨肉瘤]▲ cho ndrificati on[骨软化]-chromo-[色素]▲ cytochrome[细胞色素]• -cide[杀……剂]▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide]堕胎药]-circum-[周围]▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术]-coagulo-[凝固]▲ coagula nt[凝血剂]-colo-[结肠]▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]-colpo (coleo)-[阴道]▲coleospastia 阴道痉挛]▲colposcope 阴道镜]-contra-[反,逆]▲contrain dicati on[禁忌证]▲con traceptive[避孕药]-counter-[反,逆]▲coun terage nt 拮抗剂]▲conu terpois on|解毒剂]-cranio-[颅]▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cran ioclasis碎颅术]--cyst-[囊]▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]--cyte-[细胞]▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]-de-[除去]▲ detoxicati on[解毒]-den to[牙]▲ de ntistry[牙科学]▲ den talgia[牙痛]-derm-[皮肤]▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]-dextro-[右]▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]-dis-[分离]▲discissi on[分离术]▲disi nfectio n[消毒法]-duode no-十二指肠]▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duode no stomy|十二指肠造口术]--dynia[痛]▲acrody ni a[肢体痛]▲urethrod yn ia[尿道痛]-dys-[异常]▲dysfu nctio n[功能不良]▲dyshorm on ism [内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]--ectasis扩张]▲gastroectasis 胃扩张]▲aere nterectasia肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia支气管扩张]--ectomy[切除术]▲appendectomy阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]• -edema 水肿]▲en cephaledema脑水肿]▲myxedema粘液性水肿]--emesia呕]▲hematemesia 呕血]▲hel min themesia[吐虫]-encephalo-脑]▲ en cephaloma 脑瘤]▲ en cephaledema脑水肿]-endo-[内]▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲en doscope 内窥镜]-entero-肠]▲en teritis[肠炎]▲en terovirus[肠病毒]-epi-[上,外]▲ epigastrium [上腹咅E ]-erythro-[红]▲erythromyci n[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病]-esophago-食管]▲ esophagoscope食管镜]▲ esophagitis 食管炎]▲ extracellular ]细胞外的]▲ extrasystole 额外收缩]▲ facioplegia [面瘫]▲ facioplasty [面部成形术]▲ acid-fast [抗酸的]▲ uviofast [耐紫外线] ▲ febricula [低热] ▲ febrifacie nt [致热的] ▲ feticulture [妊娠期卫生] ▲ fetometry [胎儿测量法] ▲ fibroblast ]成纤维细胞] ▲ fibrosis [纤维化] ▲ forebrai n [前月脑] ▲ forehead 前额] ▲oviform [ 卵形的 ] ▲granuliform [ 颗粒状的 ] ▲ fun gicide [杀真菌剂] ▲ fungistasis [制霉菌作用] ▲ gastroptosis [胃 下垂] ▲ gastroe nteritis [胃肠炎] ▲ gastroscopy [胃镜检查] ▲ gastratrophy [胃萎缩] ▲ glycoge n [糖原] ▲ pathoge n 病原体] ▲ an droge n 雄激素] ▲ Estroge n [雌激素] ▲ cardiogenic [心源性的] ▲ allerge nic [变应反应] ▲ gigantocyte [巨红细胞] ▲ giga ntism [巨大症] ▲ gingivitis [ 牙龈炎 ] -extra-[ ..... 外] -facio-[面] --fast [耐] -febri-[热] -feti-[胎儿] fibro-[ 纤维 ] -fore-[前]-form [ 形状 ] -fungi-[真菌,霉菌] -gen [原,剂 ] --genic [ .... 性] -giganto-[巨大] -gingivo-[牙龈] -glosso-舌]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]-gluco-[糖] ▲ glucoprotein [糖蛋白] ▲ glucocorticoid [糖皮质激-glyco-[糖] ▲ glycoge n [糖原] ▲ glycouria [糖尿] • -grade 级,度] ▲ centigrade|摄氏温度计] ▲ retrograde [逆 行性] --gram [克,图] ▲ microgram [微克] ▲ electroe ncephalogram 脑电图] --graph(y)[ ....................... (法)]▲ electrocardiogram [心电图] ▲ bronchog raphy 支气管造影术] ▲ gyn ecology [妇科学] ▲ gyn ecopathy [妇科病] ▲ hemoglobin [血红蛋白] ▲ hematoma 血肿中] ▲ hemiplegia [ 偏瘫 ] ▲ hemicra nia [偏头病] ▲ hepatitis ]肝炎] ▲ hepatocirrhosis 肝 硬化] ▲ hepatosple no megaly 肝脾肿大]▲ hyperhidrosis ]多汗症] ▲ an hidrosis [无 汗症] ▲ histology [组织学] ▲ histomorphology [组织形态学]▲ holon arcosis 全麻] ▲ holoe nzyme [全酶] ▲ homotype [同型] ▲ homologue [同 系物] ▲ homoplasty [同种移植术] ▲ hydropericardium [心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]-gyneco-[妇女] -hemo(hemato)-血] -hemi-[半] -hepato-肝] -hidro-[汗] -histo-[组织]▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]▲hyp notics[安眠药]▲hyp no therapy[催眠疗法]▲ hypote nsion [低血压]▲ hypoglycemia ]低血糖]▲ hysterospasm 子 宫痉挛]▲ hysteroptosis 子宫下垂]▲ mela ncholia [忧郁症] ▲ pyrexia [发热] ▲ pediatrics [儿科学] ▲ geriatrics [老年病学] ▲ psychiatry [精神病学] ▲ pediatry ]儿科学] ▲ immunoglobulin [免疫球蛋白] ▲ im muno therapy [免疫疗法] ▲infraorbital [ 眶下的 ] ▲ i nfrared [红外线] ▲ in tervertebral [椎间的] ▲ intercellular [细胞间的] ▲ intravenous 静脉内的] ▲ in tracra nial [颅内的] ▲ intramuscular [肌肉内的] ▲ pathologist [病理学家] ▲ anatomist [解剖学家] ▲cellulitis [ 蜂窝织炎 ] ▲ myocarditis [心肌炎] ▲ leucorrhea [白带] ▲ leukocytosis [白细胞增多] ▲ leukemia [白血病] ▲ lipotrophy [脂肪增多] ▲ lipase [脂酶] ▲ cholelith [胆结石] ▲ cholelithiasis [胆石症]▲ termino logy [术语学] ▲ Cardiology [心脏病学]-hypo-[低] hystero- [子宫] --ia [病] --iatrics [医学]--iatry [医学] -immuno-[免疫] -infra-[下] -inter-[间] -intra-[内] --ist [家] --itis [炎症]-leuco (leuko)-[白] -lipo-(脂)--lith [结石] --logy [学]▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲ lumbody ni a [腰痛]▲ lymphedema [淋 巴水肿]▲ lymphocytopenia [淋巴细胞减少] 分解了 ] ▲ aythrolysis [关节松解术]▲ spasmolytic [解 痉的] ▲ macrophage 巨噬细胞] ▲ macromolecule [大 分子] ▲malnutrition [ 营养不良 ] ▲ ma fun ctio n [功能不全] ▲ cardiomegaly [心扩大] ▲ cephalomegalyl 巨头畸形] ▲ me nin gitis [脑膜炎] ▲ meningocephalitis [脑膜脑炎] ▲ dysme no rrhea 痛经] ▲ men opause 停经] ▲ spirometer [肺活量计] ▲ pyrometer [高温表] ▲ iodometry [ 碘定量法 ] ▲ micropump [微泵] ▲microliter [ 微升] ▲ mo non ucleosis 单核细胞增多] ▲ mono mer [单体] ▲ mult inu clear [多核的] ▲ multipara [经产妇] ▲ myelocele [脊髓膨出] ▲ myelocyte [髓细胞] ▲ myocarditis [心肌炎] ▲ myofibroma [肌纤维瘤] ▲ n asoscope 鼻 镜] ▲ n asitis [鼻炎] ▲n eoplasm 瘤] • lympho-[淋巴] -lysis(lytic)[ 松解,-macro-[大] -mal-[不良] • -megaly [巨大] -meningo-[脑膜] -meno-[月经] --meter 表,计] --metry [测量法] -micro-[小] -mono-[单-] multi-[ 多] -myelo-[髓] -myo-[肌] -naso-鼻] -neo-[新 ]▲n eomyc in[新霉素]▲n ephropathy[肾病]▲n ephrosclerosis[肾硬变]▲ n euromap 申经瘤] ▲ neurodermatitis [神经性皮炎] ▲ non-electrolyte ]非电解质] ▲ nonfetal [非致命的] ▲ n ullipara [未产妇] ▲nulligravida [ 未孕妇 ] ▲ nutritio n [营养] ▲ nu trology [营养学] ▲oculist [眼科医生] ▲ oculus dexter [右眼 ] ▲ oculus si nister [左眼] ▲ oligophrenia [ 智力发育不全 ] ▲oliguria [ 少尿 ] ▲ ade noma 腺瘤] ▲ osteoma 骨瘤 ] ▲ on cology [肿瘤学] ▲ oncogene 癌基因] ▲ ophthalmocele [眼球突出] ▲ ophthalmoplegia [眼肌麻痹] ▲ cirrhosis [肝硬化] ▲ mycosis [霉菌病] ▲ osteomalacia 骨软化] ▲ o steoarthritis [骨 关节炎] ▲otolith [ 耳石 ] ▲ otoplasty [耳成形术] ▲ otopyosis [耳 化脓] ▲ panimmunity [ 多种免疫 ] ▲ pa ntalgia [全身痛] ▲ pantatrophia 全身营养不良] ▲ primipara [初产妇] ▲ nullipara [未产妇] -neuro-[神经] -non-[非] nulli-[ 无] -nutri-[营养] -oculo-[眼] -oligo-[少] --oma [肿瘤] -onco-[肿瘤] -ophthalmo-[眼] • -osis [病] -osteo-骨] -oto-[耳] -pan-[全] --para 产妇] --pathy|病]▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]▲pediatricia n[儿科医师]▲ pediatrics [儿科学]▲ leucopenia [白细胞减少]▲ thrombopenia [血小板减少] ▲ percutaneous 经皮肤的]▲ pericarditis ]心包炎]▲ peria nal [肛周的]▲ pharmacokinetics 药代动力学]▲ physicochemistry [药典]▲ physiotheraphy [理疗]▲ physicochemistry [物理化学]▲ angioplasty [血管成形术] ▲ homoplasty [同种移植]▲ gastroplasty [胃成形术]▲ paraplegia 截瘫]▲ hemiplegia [ 偏瘫 ]▲ pleuritis [胸膜炎]▲ pleurocentesis 胸腔穿刺术]▲ orthopnea 端坐呼吸]▲ tachyp nea 呼吸急促]▲ pn eumothorax 气胸]▲ pneumococcus 肺炎球菌]▲ polyuria [多尿]▲ polycholia [胆汗过多]▲ postpartum 产后]▲ postoperati on|术后]▲ premenopause 绝经前期]▲ premature [早搏 ]▲ preload [前负荷] ▲ psudohypertrophyl 假性肥大] ▲ psudomembra nous 假膜的] ▲ psychology [心理学]-peni a 减少] per-[经] peri-[周围] pharmaco-药] physio-[物理 -plasty [成形术] -plegia [瘫] pleuro-[胸膜] -pn ea 呼 吸] pn eumo-[气,肺] poly-[多] post-[后] pre-前] pseudo-假 ] psycho-[精神,心理]▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲n ephroptosis 肾肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis子宫下垂]▲ pyoptysis [咯脓]▲ hemoptysis [咯血]▲ pyorrhea [溢脓] ▲ pyosis [化脓]▲ radiotherapy 放疗]▲ radiology [放射学]▲ rectitis [直肠炎]▲ rectectomy 直肠切除术]▲ retinitis [视网膜炎]▲ retinodialysis [视网膜分离]▲rhinitis [ 鼻炎 ]▲ rhi no rrhea [鼻漏]▲ gastorrhagia [胃 出血]▲ hemorrhage [出血 ]▲ pn eumorrhagia 肺 出血]▲ neurorrhaphy [神经缝合术]▲ Vasorrhaphy 输卵管缝合术]▲ diarrhea [腹 泻]▲ meno rrhea 月经]▲ schistosomiasis 血吸虫病]▲ schistoglossia 舌裂] ▲ scirrhosarca|硬皮病]▲ scirrhoma [硬癌]▲ scleroderma 硬皮病]▲ sclerometer 硬度计]▲ stethoscope 听 诊器]▲ otoscope 耳镜]▲ proctoscopy [直肠镜检查法]▲ semicoma 半昏迷]▲ semiliquid [半流汁]▲ spo ndylopathy [脊椎病]• -ptysis [咯] -pyo-[脓]-radio-[放射] recto- [直肠] -retino-[视网膜] -rhino-[鼻] • -rrhagia [出血] --rrhaphy [缝合术] --rrhea [流出] -schisto-[裂] -scirrho-[硬]-sclero-硬] • -scope(y)镜,检查] -semi-[半] -spondylo-[脊椎]▲spo ndylitis[脊椎炎]▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]• sub-下,亚]▲subacute 亚急性]▲subabdominal下腹部的]-super-在…上]▲superficial]浅的]▲superoxide超氧化物]-supra-上]▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism|肾上腺机能亢进]tachy- [快]▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachyp nea呼吸急促]• -therapy[治疗]▲massotherapy按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy药物治疗]-thermo-[热]▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology [热疗学]-thrombo-[血栓,血小板]▲ thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytope nia[血小板减少症thrombosis[血]--tomy[切开术]▲ tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]-tracheo-[气管]▲tracheoscope气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia 气管出血]-trans-[经,转移]▲tran surethral[经尿道]▲tran sfusio n输血]-trophy]营养]▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]-ultra-[超过]▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ ultraso un d[超声]-utero-[子宫]▲uteroscope子宫镜]▲uteroto nic[宫缩剂]-vaso-[血管]▲ vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲ Vasodilator]血管扩张剂]附 3 医学英语的特征①特殊的单复数(单数一复数)• — ae ▲ aortaeaortae 主动脉]▲ pleura-pleurae 胸膜]-um —a -on —a x —ces x —ges is —es ma —mata men —mina ▲ coccus-cocci 球菌] ▲bacillus-bacilli [ 杆菌] ▲ serum-sera 血清] ▲bacterium-bactera 细菌] ▲phe nomenon-phe nomena 现象] ▲ criteri on-criteria ]标准] ▲ cortex-cortices [皮质] ▲ appe ndix-appe ndices 阑尾] ▲ thorax-thoraces 胸廓 ] ▲phary nx-phary nges 卩因] ▲lary nx-lary nges [喉] ▲ crisis-crises 危象] ▲ an alysis-a nalyses 分析] ▲ trauma-traumata 创伤] ▲hemotoma-hemotomata 血 肿] ▲lume n-lumi na [腔] ▲ abdome n-abdo mina 腹] 2、字母可互通使用ae-e oe-e ou-u ph-f k-c • y-i 3、英美的不同拼写形式 • our (英)-or (美) ▲haemorrhage-hemorrhage 出 血] ▲ aetiology-etiology [病因] ▲ oedema-edema 水 肿] ▲ oesophagus-esophagu 食 管] ▲oulitis-ulitis [ 牙龈炎 ] ▲ ouroscopy-uroscopy 尿检] ▲ sulphate-sulfate 硫酸盐] ▲ sulph on amide-sulfo namide 磺胺] ▲ EKG-ECG [ 心电图 ] ▲leukocyte-leucocyte [白 纟田胞] ▲ K atabolism-catabolism [分解代谢] ▲ syrup-sirup [糖浆] (英-美)▲colour-color [ 颜色] ▲ tumour-tumor [肿瘤] ▲ cen tre-ce nter 中心]▲ metre-meter[米]• yes-yze ▲ an alyse-a nalyze分析]• xion-cti on▲paralyse-paralyze瘫痪]▲conn exi on-connection连接]• mme-m ▲reflexion-reflection[反射]▲gramme-gram[克]• ogue-og ▲ dialogue-dialog]对话]• c-k ▲catalogue-catalog 目录]▲disc-disk]软盘]4、词根交替现象▲ sceptic-skeptic|怀疑论者]-mouth[口卜oral[口的]-tooth[牙齿卜dental[牙齿的]-tongue舌]-lingual[舌的]-ear耳]-aural[耳的]-nose鼻卜nasal[鼻的]-eye||眼]-ophthalmic]眼的]-skin[皮肤]-dermal]皮肤的]-heart [心卜cardiac[心脏的]-liver[肝卜hepatic]肝的]-stomach[胃卜gastric]胃的]• lung[肺卜pul monary[肺的]-kideny[肾卜renal[肾的]• n eck[颈]-cervical[颈的]-chest胸]-thoracic[胸的]-brain[脑卜cerebral]脑的]• n erve[神申经]-n eural[神经的]-rib[肋骨卜costal]肋骨的]-mother[母卜maternal[母亲的]• heat[热]-thermal[热的]-bone[骨]-bony[骨的]-virus]病毒]-viral[病毒的]-saliva]唾液]-salivary[唾液的]-respiration[呼吸]-respiratory[呼吸的]-joint[关节卜arthritis]关节炎]-kidney[肾卜nephritis]肾炎]• n erve[神申经]-n euritis]神经炎]-lioer[肝卜hepatitis]肝炎]-brain[脑]-encephalitis[脑炎]-stomache胃卜gastritis]胃炎]-artery]动脉卜arteritis]动脉炎]-bronchus[支气管卜bronchitis[支气管炎]-heart[心卜cardiology]心脏病学]-eye||眼]-ophthalmology]眼科学]-cell]细胞卜cytology]细胞学]-tumor]肿瘤]-oncology]肿瘤学]-disease病]-pathology]病理学]-drug]药]-pharmocology]药理学]-parasite寄生虫卜parasitology]寄生虫学]-bacterium]纟田菌]-bacteriology]细菌学]-cell]细胸卜cyto-]细胞]-blood]血]-hemo-]血]。
医学英语前后缀总结~
医学英语前后缀♥a-[无,缺]anemia[贫血] atonia[无张力] asymptomatic[无症状的] amenorrhea[闭经]♥ab-[分离]abduct [外展] abscision[切除]♥acou (acu)-[听觉]acumeter [听力计] acouophone[助听器]♥acro-[肢端]acromegaly[肢端肥大症] acromastitis[乳头炎]♥ad (af, an)-[邻近,向上]adrenal [肾上腺] adaxial[近轴的] annexa[附件]♥-ad*……侧]ventrad[向腹侧] cephalad[向头侧] ♥adeno-[腺]adenocyte[腺细胞] adenoidism[腺体病]♥adipo-[脂肪]adiposis[肥胖症] adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]♥adreno-[肾上腺]adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素] adrenalin[肾上腺素] adrenal[肾上腺]♥-aemia(emia)[血症]bacteremia[菌血症] leukemia[白血病]♥-albi (albino)-[白色]albumin[白蛋白] albinism[白化病] ♥-algesia[痛觉]hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]♥-algia[痛]arthralgia[关节痛] cephalgia[头痛] neuralgia[神经痛]♥alkali-[碱]alkalosis[碱中毒]♥alveo-[牙槽,小沟]alveolitis[牙槽炎] alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]♥ambi-[复,双]ambiopia[复视] ambivert[双重性格] ♥ambly-[弱]amblyopia[弱视] amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]♥amylo-[淀粉]amyloidosis[淀粉酶] amylase[淀粉酶] ♥angio-[血管]angiography[血管造影术] angioedema[血管性水肿] angeitis[脉管炎]angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]♥ante-[前]antenatal[出生前的] anteflexion[前屈]♥antero-[前]anterolateral[前侧壁] anteroventral[前腹侧]♥anti-[抗,反]antibiotics[抗生素] antihypertensives[降压药] anticoagulant[抗凝剂]♥rarchno-[蛛网膜]arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]♥archo-[肛门,直肠] archorrhagia[肛门出血]archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]♥arterio-[动脉]arteriospasm[动脉痉挛] arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]♥arthro-[关节]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺] arthrotomy[关节切开术] arthritis[关节炎]♥-ase[酶]oxidase[氧化酶] proteinase[蛋白酶] ♥-asthenia[无力]myasthenia[肌无力] neurasthenia[神经衰弱]♥audio(audito)-[听力]audiology[听觉学] audiometer[听力计]♥auto-[自己]autoimmune[自身免疫] auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]♥bacilli-[杆菌]bacillosis[杆菌病] bacilluria[杆菌尿] ♥bacterio-[细菌]bacteriology[细菌学] bactericide[杀菌剂]♥baro-[压力]barometer [压力计] baroreceptor[压力感受器]♥bary-[迟钝]barylalia[言语不清] baryacusia[听觉迟钝]♥bi-[双]bicuspid[二尖瓣]] bilateral[两侧的] ♥bili-[胆汁]bilirubin[胆红素]♥bio-[生命]biology[生物学] biopsy[活检]♥-blast[母细胞] spermatoblast[精子细胞] melanoblast[成黑色素细胞] osteoblast[成骨细胞]♥brachy-[短]brachypnea[气短] brachydactylia[短指畸形]♥brady-[迟缓]bradycardia[心动过缓] bradypsychia[精神不振]♥broncho-[支气管] bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查] bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛] bronchitis[支气管炎]♥bronchiolo-[细支气管] bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张]♥calci-[钙]calcification[钙化] calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]♥carbo-[碳]carbohydrate[碳水化合物] carbohaemia[碳酸血症]♥carcino-[癌]carcinogen[致癌物]♥cardio-[心,贲门]cardiotonics[强心剂] cardioplasty[贲门成形术]♥-cele[疝,肿物]omphalocele[脐疝] hysterocele[子宫脱垂] ophthalmocele[眼球突出]♥celio-[腹]celialgia[腹痛] celioscopy[腹腔镜检查] ♥-centesis[穿刺]arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] abdominocentesis[腹穿]♥cephalo-[头]cephaloxia[斜颈] cephalopathy[头部疾病] cephalotomy[穿颅术]♥cerebello-[小脑]cerebellitis[小脑炎] cerebellum[小脑] ♥cerebro-[大脑]cerebritis[大脑炎] cerebrology[脑学] ♥chemo-[化学]chemotherapy[化疗]♥chloro-[绿,氯]chloroform[氯仿] chloromycetin[氯霉素] chlorophyll[叶绿素]♥cholangio-[胆道]cholangitis[胆管炎] cholangiectasis[胆管扩张]♥cholo-[胆]cholagogue[利胆剂] cholelithiasis[胆石症] cholecystitis[胆囊炎] cholesterol[胆固醇]♥chondro-[软骨] chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]chondrification[骨软化]♥chromo-[色素]cytochrome[细胞色素] chromosome[染色体]♥-cide[杀……剂]germicide[杀菌剂] aborticide[堕胎药] ♥circum-[周围]circumoral[口周的] circumcision[包皮环切术]♥coagulo-[凝固]coagulant[凝血剂]♥colo-[结肠]colotomy[结肠切开术] coloptosis[结肠下垂]♥colpo (coleo)-[阴道] coleospastia[阴道痉挛] colposcope[阴道镜]♥contra-[反,逆] contraindication[禁忌证] contraceptive[避孕药]♥counter-[反,逆]counteragent[拮抗剂] conuterpoison[解毒剂]♥cranio-[颅]craniomalacia[颅骨软化] cranioclasis[碎颅术]♥-cyst-[囊]cystomy[膀胱切开术] dacryocyst[泪囊]♥-cyte-[细胞]lymphocyte[淋巴细胞] cytolysis[细胞溶解]♥de-[除去]detoxication[解毒]♥dento[牙]dentistry[牙科学] dentalgia[牙痛] ♥-derm-[皮肤]epiderm[表皮] dermatology[皮肤病学] dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]♥dextro-[右] dextrocardia[右位心] dexiotropic[右旋的]♥dis-[分离]discission[分离术] disinfection[消毒法]♥duodeno-[十二指肠] duodenitis[十二指肠炎] duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]♥-dynia[痛] acrodynia[肢体痛] urethrodynia[尿道痛]♥dys-[异常] dysfunction[功能不良] dyshormonism[内分泌障碍] dysuria[排尿困难]♥-ectasis[扩张] gastroectasis[胃扩张] aerenterectasia[肠胀气] bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]♥-ectomy[切除术] appendectomy[阑尾切除术] lipectomy[脂肪切除术]♥-edema[水肿] encephaledema[脑水肿] myxedema[粘液性水肿]♥-emesia[呕] hematemesia[呕血] helminthemesia[吐虫]♥encephalo-[脑]encephaloma[脑瘤] encephaledema[脑水肿]♥endo-[内] endocarditis[心内膜炎] endoscope[内窥镜]♥entero-[肠]enteritis[肠炎] enterovirus[肠病毒] ♥epi-[上,外] epigastrium[上腹部]♥erythro-[红] erythromycin[红霉素] erythroderma[红皮病]♥esophago-[食管] esophagoscope[食管镜] esophagitis[食管炎]♥extra-*……外]extracellular[细胞外的] extrasystole[额外收缩]♥facio-[面]facioplegia[面瘫] facioplasty[面部成形术]♥-fast[耐]acid-fast[抗酸的] uviofast[耐紫外线]♥febri-[热]febricula[低热] febrifacient[致热的] ♥feti-[胎儿]feticulture[妊娠期卫生] fetometry[胎儿测量法]♥fibro-[纤维]fibroblast[成纤维细胞] fibrosis[纤维化]♥fore-[前]forebrain[前脑] forehead[前额]♥-form[形状]oviform[卵形的] granuliform[颗粒状的]♥fungi-[真菌,霉菌]fungicide[杀真菌剂] fungistasis[制霉菌作用]♥gastro-[胃] gastroptosis[胃下垂] gastroenteritis[胃肠炎] gastroscopy[胃镜检查] gastratrophy[胃萎缩]♥-gen [原,剂]glycogen[糖原] pathogen[病原体]androgen[雄激素] Estrogen[雌激素] ♥-genic*……性] cardiogenic[心源性的] allergenic[变应反应]♥giganto-[巨大]gigantocyte[巨红细胞] gigantism[巨大症]♥gingivo-[牙龈] gingivitis[牙龈炎] gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]♥glosso-[舌] glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]♥gluco-[糖] glucoprotein[糖蛋白] glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]♥glyco-[糖]glycogen[糖原] glycouria[糖尿]♥-grade[级,度] centigrade[摄氏温度计] retrograde[逆行性]♥-gram[克,图] microgram[微克] electroencephalogram[脑电图]♥-graph(y)*……仪(法)] electrocardiogram[心电图] bronchography[支气管造影术]♥gyneco-[妇女] gynecology[妇科学] gynecopathy[妇科病]♥hemo(hemato)-[血] hemoglobin[血红蛋白] hematoma[血肿]♥hemi-[半] hemiplegia[偏瘫] hemicrania[偏头病] ♥hepato-[肝]hepatitis[肝炎] hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化] hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大] ♥hidro-[汗] hyperhidrosis[多汗症] anhidrosis[无汗症]♥histo-[组织]histology[组织学] histomorphology[组织形态学]♥holo-[全] holonarcosis[全麻] holoenzyme[全酶] ♥homo-[同]homotype[同型] homologue[同系物] homoplasty[同种移植术]♥hydro-[水] hydropericardium[心包积水] hydrolysis [水解]♥hypr-[高]hypercalcemia[高钙血症] hyperthyroidism[甲亢]♥hypno-[睡眼]hypnotics[安眠药] hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]♥hypo-[低]hypotension[低血压] hypoglycemia[低血糖]♥hystero-[子宫] hysterospasm[子宫痉挛] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥-ia[病] melancholia[忧郁症] pyrexia[发热] ♥-iatrics[医学]pediatrics[儿科学] geriatrics[老年病学]♥-iatry[医学] psychiatry[精神病学] pediatry[儿科学]♥immuno-[免疫] immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白] immunotherapy[免疫疗法]♥infra-[下] infraorbital[眶下的] infrared[红外线] ♥inter-[间] intervertebral[椎间的] intercellular[细胞间的]♥intra-[内] intravenous[静脉内的] intracranial[颅内的] intramuscular[肌肉内的]♥-ist[家] pathologist[病理学家] anatomist[解剖学家]♥-itis[炎症]cellulitis[蜂窝织炎] myocarditis[心肌炎]♥leuco (leuko)-[白] leucorrhea[白带] leukocytosis[白细胞增多] leukemia[白血病]♥lipo-(脂)lipotrophy[脂肪增多] lipase[脂酶] ♥-lith[结石]cholelith[胆结石] cholelithiasis[胆石症]♥-logy[学] terminology[术语学] Cardiology[心脏病学]♥lumbo-[腰] lumbosacral[腰骶部的] lumbago[腰背痛] lumbodynia[腰痛]♥lympho-[淋巴] lymphedema[淋巴水肿] lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]♥-lysis(lytic)[松解,分解了] aythrolysis[关节松解术] spasmolytic[解痉的]♥macro-[大] macrophage[巨噬细胞] macromolecule[大分子]♥mal-[不良] malnutrition[营养不良] malfunction[功能不全]♥-megaly[巨大] cardiomegaly[心扩大] cephalomegaly[巨头畸形]♥meningo-[脑膜] meningitis[脑膜炎] meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]♥meno-[月经] Dysmenorrhea[痛经] menopause[停经]♥-meter[表,计] spirometer[肺活量计] pyrometer[高温表]♥-metry[测量法] iodometry[碘定量法]♥micro-[小]micropump[微泵] microliter[微升] ♥mono-[单-] mononucleosis[单核细胞增多] monomer[单体]♥multi-[多] multinuclear[多核的] multipara[经产妇]♥myelo-[髓]myelocele[脊髓膨出] myelocyte[髓细胞]♥myo-[肌] myocarditis[心肌炎] myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]♥naso-[鼻] nasoscope[鼻镜] nasitis[鼻炎]♥neo-[新]neoplasm[瘤] neomycin[新霉素] ♥nephro-[肾] nephropathy[肾病] nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]♥neuro-[神经]neuroma[神经瘤] neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]♥non-[非]non-electrolyte[非电解质] nonfetal[非致命的]♥nulli-[无]nullipara[未产妇] nulligravida[未孕妇]♥nutri-[营养]nutrition[营养] nutrology[营养学] ♥oculo-[眼] oculist[眼科医生] oculus dexter[右眼] oculus sinister[左眼]♥oligo-[少] oligophrenia[智力发育不全] oliguria[少尿]♥-oma[肿瘤]adenoma[腺瘤] osteoma[骨瘤]♥onco-[肿瘤]oncology[肿瘤学] oncogene[癌基因] ♥ophthalmo-[眼] ophthalmocele[眼球突出] ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]♥-osis[病]cirrhosis[肝硬化] mycosis[霉菌病] ♥osteo-[骨] osteomalacia[骨软化] osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]♥oto-[耳]otolith[耳石] otoplasty[耳成形术] otopyosis[耳化脓]♥pan-[全] panimmunity[多种免疫] pantalgia[全身痛] pantatrophia[全身营养不良]♥-para[产妇]primipara[初产妇] nullipara[未产妇] ♥-pathy[病] dermatopathy[皮肤病] Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]♥pedia-[儿童] pediatrician[儿科医师] pediatrics[儿科学]♥-penia[减少] leucopenia[白细胞减少] thrombopenia[血小板减少]♥per-[经] percutaneous[经皮肤的]♥peri-[周围] pericarditis[心包炎] perianal[肛周的] ♥pharmaco-[药] pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] physicochemistry[药典]♥physio-[物理physiotheraphy[理疗] physicochemistry[物理化学]♥-plasty[成形术] angioplasty[血管成形术] homoplasty[同种移植] gastroplasty[胃成形术]♥-plegia[瘫] paraplegia[截瘫] hemiplegia[偏瘫] ♥pleuro-[胸膜]pleuritis[胸膜炎] pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]♥-pnea[呼吸] orthopnea[端坐呼吸] tachypnea[呼吸急促]♥pneumo-[气,肺] pneumothorax[气胸] pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]♥poly-[多]polyuria[多尿] polycholia[胆汗过多] ♥post-[后] postpartum[产后] postoperation[术后]♥pre-[前] premenopause[绝经前期] premature[早搏] preload[前负荷] ♥pseudo-[假] psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]psudomembranous[假膜的]♥psycho-[精神,心理] psychology[心理学] psychiatry[精神病学]♥-ptosis[下垂] nephroptosis[肾下垂] hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]♥-ptysis[咯]pyoptysis[咯脓] hemoptysis[咯血] ♥pyo-[脓]pyorrhea[溢脓] pyosis[化脓]♥radio-[放射]radiotherapy[放疗] radiology[放射学] ♥recto-[直肠]rectitis[直肠炎] rectectomy[直肠切除术]♥retino-[视网膜]retinitis[视网膜炎] retinodialysis[视网膜分离]♥rhino-[鼻]rhinitis[鼻炎] rhinorrhea[鼻漏]♥-rrhagia[出血] gastorrhagia[胃出血] hemorrhage[出血] pneumorrhagia[肺出血]♥-rrhaphy[缝合术] neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]♥-rrhea[流出]diarrhea[腹泻] menorrhea[月经] ♥schisto-[裂] schistosomiasis[血吸虫病] schistoglossia[舌裂]♥scirrho-[硬] scirrhosarca[硬皮病] scirrhoma[硬癌] ♥sclero-[硬] scleroderma[硬皮病] sclerometer[硬度计]♥-scope(y)[镜,检查] stethoscope[听诊器] otoscope[耳镜] proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]♥semi-[半] semicoma[半昏迷] semiliquid[半流汁]♥spondylo-[脊椎] spondylopathy[脊椎病] spondylitis[脊椎炎]♥-stomy[造口术] colostomy[结肠造口术] ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]♥sub-[下,亚]subacute[亚急性] subabdominal[下腹部的]♥super-[在…上] superficial[浅的] superoxide[超氧化物]♥supra-[上] supraventricular[室上性的] suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]♥tachy-[快] tachycardia[心动过速] tachypnea[呼吸急促]♥-therapy[治疗] massotherapy[按摩治疗] pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]♥thermo-[热] thermometer[温度计] thermatology[热疗学]♥thrombo-[血栓,血小板] thrombolysis[溶栓] thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症] thrombosis[血]♥-tomy[切开术] tracheotomy[气管切开术] ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]♥tracheo-[气管] tracheoscope[气管镜] tracheorrhagia[气管出血]♥trans-[经,转移] transurethral[经尿道] transfusion[输血]♥-trophy[营养] (trophy战利品)dystrophy[营养不良] atrophy[萎缩] ♥ultra-[超过]ultraviolet[紫外线] ultrasound[超声] ♥’utero-[子宫] uteroscope[子宫镜] uterotonic[宫缩剂]♥vaso-[血管] vasomotion[血管舒缩] Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。
常用医学英语后缀
-rrhagia
haemorrhage 出血
• laryngorrhagia=laryngo+rrhagia=喉+出 血=喉出血 • mastorrhagia=masto+rrhagia=乳腺+出 血=乳腺出血 • proctorrhagia=procto+rrhagia=直肠+ 出血=直肠出血
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
-rrhea
-paralysis
麻痹
• proctoparalysis=procto+paralysis=肛 门+麻痹=肛门麻痹
-ismus
痉挛
• laryngismus=laryng+ismus=喉+痉挛=喉 痉挛
-edema -ectasis
水肿
• myxedema=myx+edema=粘液+水肿=粘 液水肿
• • • • • • •
carditis 神经炎 肝炎 leukemia 脓毒症 碱中毒 肾病
Exercise 2
• • • • • • laryngopathy mastorrhagia uricemia hematemesi proctoptosis proctoparalysis 肛门麻痹 喉病 直肠下垂 乳腺出血 尿酸血症 呕血
overflow 溢出
• proctorrhea=procto+rrhea=直肠+溢出 =直肠溢出
-emesis
vomit 呕吐
• hematemesis=hemat+emesis=血+呕血 • blennemesis=blenn+emesis=粘液+呕吐 =粘液呕吐
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
医学英语后缀汇总一、名词性后缀1、-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称,percentage百分数,百分率,voltage 电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
2、-cy表示抽象名词,accuracy准确,精确度,infancy婴儿期。
3、-ence、-ance表示性质和动作,difference不同,interference干扰,干预,influence 影响,感化,occurrence发出,出现,violence激烈,暴力,existence存在,significance意义,意味。
4、-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀,difficiency不足,不全,tendency趋势,趋向,frequency 频率,pregnancy妊娠,emergency紧急,急救,fluency流利,流畅,sufficiency足够,充足,constancy坚定,经久不变。
5、-er表示……人、……者,diameter直径,receiver接收者,接受者,carrier携带者,beginner初学者,创始人,reader读者,shutter 快门,goiter甲状腺肿。
6、-ics 表示……科学,psdiatrics儿科学,psychiatrics精神病学,obstetrics产科学,orthopdics矫形科学,auristrics耳科学,gnathostomatics口腔生理学,andriatrics男性医学,男性科。
7、-ian表示人称名词,physician医师,内科医师,technician技术员。
8、-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词,常译为……化,simpliffcation简化,calcification 钙化,classification分类,分级,communication交流,交往。
9、-ing由动词变化而来的动名词,nursing护理,typing分型,分类,mapping绘制……图,bleeding出血,vomiting呕吐,softening变软,functioning使器官活动,使器官有功能,positioning把……放在适当的位置,mathching和……相配,imaging成像。
10、-ion由动词构成的名词,occasion偶然原因,近因,时机,division分割,分开,vision视力,视觉,distortion扭曲,变形。
11、-ism表示制度,主义及现象等的抽象名词,mehanism机理,机制,autism孤独性。
12、-ist表示人称名词,specialist专家,internist内科医生,padiatrist儿科学家,biololgist 生物学家,economist经济学家,chemist化学家,obstetrist产科学家,产科医师。
13、-ization由动词构成的抽象名词,recanalization再管化,再通化,chatheterization插管,immunization免疫法,预防接种,organization组织,机构,机化,hospitalization住院,normalization正常化,ketonization酮化作用。
14、-logy表示学科,morphology形态学,histology组织学,neurology神经学,embryology 胚胎学,radiology放射学,laryngorhinology喉鼻科学,proctology直肠学,hexiology个体,生态学。
15、-ment表示动作,行为或具体事物,measurement测量,量度,experiment实验,instrument仪器,器械,integument体被,皮肤,segment节段,fragment片段,断片,碎片,replacement替代,置换,increment增长,增殖,development发育,显影,movement动作,活动,ligment韧带,equipment器材,装置,设备,improvement改善。
16、-ness加在形容词后构成抽象名词,tenderness触痛,hardness坚硬,thickness厚度,effectiveness有效,usefulness有用的,coldness寒冷,dampness潮湿,darkness黑暗,shallowness 浅,permanentness永久,brightness明亮。
17、-or表示……人,……物,inhibitor抑制物,doctor医生,monitor监视器,donor给血者,供体,director主任,factor因素,operatorx作者,手术者。
18、-ry表示集合名词,laboratory实验室,chemistry化学。
19、-ship表示状态,relationship关系,联系,interrelationship相互关系,相互联系。
20、-th由形容词构成名词,length长度,width宽度,depth深度,truth真理。
21、-ty表示性质,rigidity强直,僵硬,speciality特征,专业,responsibility责任,责任心,capacity容量,智能,能力,mortality死亡率,morbidity发病率,nocturnality夜间,safty安全性,conductivty传导性,permeability渗透性,property性质,plenty丰富,unity整体,统一性,obesity肥胖,similarity类似,相似。
22、-ure表示行为结果,failure衰竭,pressure压力,curvature弯曲,fissure裂隙,裂,puncture穿刺,rupture破裂,structure结构,seizure发作,nomenclature名称,术语.二、形容词性后缀1、-able表示可能的,可以的,excitable易兴备的,acceptable易接受的,movable可移动的,alterable可改变的,可改动的,available可用的,可得到的,uncomfortable不舒的。
2、-al表示有……的属性,regional 局部的natural自然的,special特别的,特殊的,spinal 脊髓的,central中央的,vertrbral脊柱的,cervical颈的,mural壁的,terminal末端的,typical 典型的,digital手指的,数字的,temperal暂时的,短暂的,capital首要的,重要的,vocal 有声的,声带的,several几个,parasternal胸骨旁的。
3、-ant有些是从动词派生来的,significant在意义的,persistant持久的,坚持的(从动词persist来的),resistant抵抗的,反抗的(自动词resist派生),important重要的,infant 婴儿的,constant坚定的,持久的,pernanent永久的。
4、-ar表示……特征的,……形状的,regular规则的,muscular肌肉的,circular环形的,圆的,anular环的。
5、-ary表示与……有关的,ordinary平常的,通常的,anniversary周年的,voluntary自愿的,随意的。
6、-ed用于名词加ed,转化为形容词,或动词过去分词作形容词,Coded加密码的(名词code加ed),colored加颜色的,deposited被沉淀的(由动词deposite加ed),curved使……弯曲的,limited有限的,lubricated滑润的,使滑润的,surrounded围住的,被围绕的。
7、-ent与-ant同类,consistent坚定的,different不同的,sufficient足够的,convenient 便利的,方便的,evident明显的,fluent流利的,流畅的,efficient有效的,frequent常常的,频繁的。
8、-ful由名词构成形容词,useful有用的,successful成功的,plentiful丰富的,helpful 有帮助的。
9、-ible与-able相同,Visible可见的,irreversible不可逆的,impossible不可能的,inaudible 听不见的。
10、-ic加在外来词根的名词上,构成形容词,specific特异的,magnetic磁性的,aerobic 需氧的,pubic耻骨的,oxytocic催产的、催产剂,therapeutic治疗的,dramatic戏剧性的,icteric黄疸的,dynamic动力的,hemolytic溶血的。
11、-ish加在颜色的形容词上,表示略带……色,reddish带红色的,微红的,yellowish 带黄色的,微黄的。
12、-ive由动词构成形容词,relative有关的,相关的(由动词relat派生的),sensitive 灵敏的,congestive充血性的,imaginative想象、富有想象力的,imitative摹仿的,repetitive 重复的,reproductive生殖的,contractive收缩的,conservative保守的,circulative循环的,effective有效的,invasive侵入性的。
13、-less表示没有……的,useless无用的,lifeless无生命的,hopeless绝望的、医治不好的,fruitless无效的、无益的。
14、-ory表示……性质的,属于……的,sensory感觉的,accessory附属的、附加的,circulatory循环的,urinary泌尿的,尿的。
15、-ous表示具有……的、有……特性的,dangerous有危险的,continuous在连续性的、连续的,serious严重的,various各种的,vigorous强有力的,apueous水的,generous大量的,丰盛的,tremendous可怕的,惊人的,previous以前的,pervious能通过的、能穿过的。
三、动词性后缀1、-ate多用于外来词构成动词,deviate背离、偏离,decelerate减速,accelerate加速,degenerate变性,operate操作,手术,defibrillate除颤,vibrate振动、颤动,migrate移动,angulate成角,anticipate预期、期望,abbreviate缩写,antecede在……之前。