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(完整word版)英语国家概况-谢福之-课后答案-简答题(美国部分)(word文档良心出品)

第三大题Chapter 81.How is the American population distributed?The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The great plains have a comparatively small po pulation .the south also has a population of almost 57.5million. the west is not densely popul ated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco . it has about 2 0% of the nation’s population.2.Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ?The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were wil ling to work for very low wages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942.Chapter 91.Why did American change its policy and enter world war II?Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countr ies were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests . it began to pr ovide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power . the Ja panese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war.2.What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency?a) brought the Vietnam war to a closeb)reestablishing U.S. relations with chinac) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union .3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in or der to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be el iminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of busine ss.Chapter 101.What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution?One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified.2.What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S. ci tizen for no less than seven years.3.What are the major powers of the supreme court?a)to interpret lawsb) to hear appeals from any federal court cases;c)to hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national lawsd)may declare a law unconstitutionale) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional.4.What is the difference between the democrats and the republicans in terms of political opinions?The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy and empha size full employment as a matter of national concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong so cial security system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the govern ment control inflation. They stress the need for law and order, and oppose complete govern ment social programs and free choice of abortion they also favor a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations.Chapter 111.What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America?During the colonial period ,the secondary industries developed as the colonies grew . a va riety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared. Colonists established shipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they also built small iron forges . by the 18th century , regi onal patterns of development in America had become clear.2.How did the civil war affect the American economy?After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable . nor thern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahe ad.3.Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?Because the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only adv ance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relations hip with other nations.Chapter 121.How does an American university choose its applicants?a)their high school records;b) recommendations from their high school teachers;c) the impression they make during interviews at the university;d) their scores on the SAT.2.What functions do American higher education institutions perform?Higher education institutions in the united states have three functions: teaching , research and public service , and each has its own emphasis with regard to its function .3.What similarities do four famous university share?They all have a long history , they all have an excellent faculty , a large number of students and have made extensive academic achievements. Some of their graduates are very successfu l or influential in some areas such as politics, arts and business.4.What are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to the new world , in 1 620,the mayflower arrived and brought about 150 pilgrims. Life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food , so many of them died. During the following summer the native America helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest. So they held a big celebrati on to thank god and the native Americans.第四大题Chapter 81．Why is the United States regarded as a”melting pot” and a ”salad bowl” ?The United States is not merely a nation,but a nation of nations.The immigrants came in wa ves,including the Europeans,the Africans and the Asians.Therefore,America is described as a"melting pot"where various racial and ethnic groups are assimilate into American culture.Rece ntly,America has been called a"salad bowl"in that people of difference races and ethnic group s mix harmoniously,but at the same time keep their distinct culture and customs.2．What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?The best possible way to help assimilation in a multicultural society is to be open and tolera nt toward different cultures.People from different racial and ethnic backgrounds should respe ct each other.Society should create opportunities to help immigrants become assimilated.At t he same time the immigrants should keep their own language,customs and religion,contributi ng to the diversity of a multicultural society.Chapter 91.What was the cause of the American Civil War?The Southern planters of America needed a large number of black African slaves to manage their plantations and they regarded the slaves as their property.In the North,with the develo pment of industry,there was a growing demand for free labor.What’s more,the Northerners d emanded a law to protect tariffs and asked the government to finance the building of railways and roads.But the Southerners were against it and advocated free trade so as to purchase ch eaper goods from foreign countries.The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South and finally the American Civil War.2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War II?During the two World Wars,America remained neutral in the early stage.However, America ns continued their profitable trade with the warring countries.Therefore,they not only retained their military forces,but also accumulated great wealth.When America entered the wars,it was almost at the end of the wars.By sharing the fruit of victory with other allies, America grea tly strengthened its power and became a powerful country by the end of World War II.Chapter 101.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the Americanelection?Each party holds its national convention every four years to choose a candidate for preside ncy.To win a presidential election,a candidate has to spend millions of dollars,travel all over the country to make speeches and debate on television with the rival.The general election is technically divided into two stages.During the first stage,presidential electors for each state will be chosen.In the second stage the electors meet and vote a President.Since the second stage isonly a kind of formality,everyone knows who will be the next President an soon as the first st age is over.I think the candidates spend too much money on the electoral campaigns.And, the election cannot solve the social and economic problems of the U.S. as some candidates do not keep their word after they become President.2.What was President Eisenhowers foreign policy and what were the consequences ?President Eisenhower made vigorous efforts to wage the Cold War.He placed new emphasis on developing nuclear strength to prevent the outbreak of war.He also frequently authorized the CIA to undertake secret interventions to overthrow unfriendly governments or protect reli able anti-communist leaders whose power was threatened.The CIA helped topple the govern ments of Iran and Guatemala,but it suffered an embarrassing failure in Indonesia.In addition,E isenhower used U.S.power and prestige to help create a non-communist government in South Vietnam,which brought disastrous long-term consequences to the United States.Chapter 111.How did the U.S constitution lay the groundwork for American’s economic development ?The U.S.Constitution,as an economic charter,established that the entire nation was a unified or "common"market.There were no tariffs or taxes on interstate commerce.It provided thatthe federal government could regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, establish uniform bankruptcy laws,create money and regulate its value,fix standards of weight s and measures,establish post office and roads,and fix rules governing patents and copyrights.The last-mentioned clause was an early recognition of the importance of "intellectual propert y",a matter that began assuming great importance in trade negotiations since the late 20thce ntury.2.Cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention in America's economic development.The government has always played an active and important role in America’s economic dev elopment.In the early 1930s,thr United States suffered the worst economic depression in Ame rican history.President Roosevelt introduced the New Deal to tackle the financial crisis.Beside s,he set up the New York State Emergency Relief Commission to help those in desperate need and tried to relieve the serious problems of the jobless.At the end of 1970s, the American eco nomy again suffered a recession.The Reagan administration combated inflation by controlling government spending deficit,cutting taxes and raising interest rates.Both policies mentioned a bove helped to set the country’s economic development on its right course,In all,the interven tion of the government has ensured that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people.It has prevented flagrant abuses of the system,dampened the effects of inflation andstimulated economic growth.Chapter 121.What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?The first ideal is that as many people as possible should receive as much education as possi ble .The second ideal is that of ptoducing a society that is totally literate and of local control .The third ideal is that scholars and students should work to discover new information or conc eive new ways to understand what is already known .2.How does America carry out multicultural education?American schools routinely teach the experiences and values of many ethnic cultures.Curre nt textbooks incorporate a variety of ethnic individuals who have achieved success.Struggle fo r equality are vividly depicted,and past racism is bluntly acknowledged.Cultural pluralism is now generally recognized as the organizing principle of education.Schools at all levels offer stud ents opportunities to learn about different cultures.。

《英语国家概况》课程的自主学习状况研究——以包头师范学院英语专业学生为例

《英语国家概况》课程的自主学习状况研究——以包头师范学院英语专业学生为例［摘要］本文旨在研究英语专业学生在《英语国家概况》课程中的自主学习状况，教师在此过程中进行的指导及其效果。

以包头师范学院外国语学院2011级，2012级和2013级英语专业学生为研究对象进行三年连续性研究，采用小组合作学习，阶段性测试，知识竞赛等形式促进学生的自主学习，并结合自主学习的意愿、方法、时间、效果、影响等因素进行问卷调查，分析该课程中的学生的自主学习状况，教师指导前后的效果，以期为提高学生自主学习能力，提升专业课的学习效果提供有效借鉴。

［关键词］英语国家概况；自主学习状况；教师指导一、问题的提出《英语国家概况》是一门英语专业基础课程，根据《高等学习英语专业英语教学大纲》的规定，其目的是让学生了解英语国家的地理，历史，政治，教育及文化传统，并能理解文化差异，具有跨文化交际能力。

［1］该门课程的教材《英语国家社会与文化入门》上下两册，时长一个学期。

该教材内容翔实，重点多且分散，传统教学以教师讲授为主，学生参与度低，学习效果欠佳，很难学以致用。

因此，该门课程中强化学生自主学习能力的培养势在必行，且国内外关于自主学习的成果多有可借鉴之处。

国外对于自主学习的研究派别众多且各有侧重。

因此，美国自主学习研究的著名专家齐默尔曼（Zimmerman）将自主学习总结了学习动机、学习方法、学习时间、学习结果、学习环境和学习社会性等六个方面。

［2］国内学者庞维国在齐默尔曼的基础上提出应增加学习内容的自主选择和学习过程的自我监控。

［3］国内研究者陈义勤对网络环境下的学习策略水平量表进行了初步修订与试测。

［4］周丽红，吴筱萌，和尹欣针对北京大学网络教育学院的学生进行了网络学习者自主学习状况研究。

［5］陈晓湘，张昔阳论证了高校英语专业学生自主学习的必要性与可行性。

［6］赵春荣，张然针对《英语国家概况》课程进行了网络环境下自主学习的研究。

［7］对于英语专业学生《英语国家概况》课程的自主学习能力的多维度研究尚付阙如，且其中很少包括教师指导内容，及教师指导后学生自主学习能力提高的实例研究。

《隋铭才《英语国家概况》笔记和课后习题详解》读书笔记模板

4.1复习笔记 4.2课后习题及详解
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10.1复习笔记 10.2课后习题及详解
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印度的教育
第1章加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、
印度的社会生活
第3章加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、
印度的媒体
第4章加拿大、 1
澳大利亚、新西兰、印度的传统和风俗
第5章加拿大、 2
澳大利亚、新西兰、印度的体育运动
3 第6章加拿大、
澳大利亚、新西兰、印度的国歌和国旗
4 第7章加拿大、
澳大利亚、新西兰、印度的外交关系
17.1复习笔记 17.2课后习题及详解
18.1复习笔记 18.2课后习题及详解
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谢谢观看
12.1复习笔记 12.2课后习题及详解
13.1复习笔记 13.2课后习题及详解
14.1复习笔记 14.2课后习题及详解
15.1复习笔记 15.2课后习题及详解
16.1复习笔记 16.2课后习题及详解
17.1复习笔记 17.2课后习题及详解
18.1复习笔记 18.2课后习题及详解

课程思政视域下高校《英语国家概况》教学方法改革探究

512021年23期总第567期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS【摘要】“课程思政”是新时代对于高校教师提出的要求，进行高校课程思政建设，“主力军”是教师队伍，“主战场”是课程建设，“主渠道”是课堂教学。

本文探究了在课程思政视域下语言文化类课程如何进行教学方法改革，让教师发挥“主力军”作用，既能让学生学习到西方文化精髓，还可以利用好课堂教学这一主渠道，在潜移默化的课堂教学中培养德才兼备的人才，实现教书育人的统一，增强当代大学生的文化自信，使其成为具有国际视野、爱国主义精神和责任感的应用型人才，推动中华文化走向世界。

【关键词】课程思政；教学改革；《英语国家概况》【作者简介】邹嘉卉，东莞理工学院城市学院，硕士研究生，研究方向：语言和文化、跨文化交际。

课程思政视域下高校《英语国家概况》教学方法改革探究文/邹嘉卉教育部2020年发布的《高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要》指出：“落实立德树人根本任务，必须将价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养三者融为一体不可割裂。

全面推进课程思政建设，就是要寓价值观引导于知识传授和能力培养之中，帮助学生塑造正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，这是人才培养的应有之义，更是必备的内容。

”这句话准确地指出了高校的教育工作价值、知识、能力三个基本要素之间的关系，深刻阐述了课程思想政治教育最本质的内涵，这使我们更加深刻和清楚地认识到：课程思政在本质上还是一种教育，是为了立德树人。

实现这一目标，价值观的塑造比能力培养和知识传授更加重要；高校教师要注重传道授业解惑，将育人育才有机统一起来，其中，价值观的塑造是高等教育工作的第一要务，因此，高校教师要将价值塑造有机地融入能力培养和知识传授之中。

本文基于教育部对于高校提出的指导思想，将在课程思政视域下研究语言文化类学科的课程改革思路，以《英语国家概况》为例，探讨在这门学科的教学方法中可以如何引入课程思政的理念，让学生在学习了解西方历史文化和思想的同时，能够对比和反思中华文化的精髓，为学生树立文化自信，推动中华优秀传统文化的传承及创造性转化、创新性发展，践行社会主义核心价值观，坚定社会主义的理想信念。

《英语国家概况》特殊教学方法运用研究

《英语国家概况》特殊教学方法运用研究摘要:《英语国家概况》课是高校英语专业的必修课,主要讲述英、美、加、澳、新等主要英语国家史地、政治、经济、教育和社会生活等方面的情况及文化传统,提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性,培养学生跨文化交际的能力。

本文拟就该课程教学中所遇到的问题,提出了几种特殊教学方法在该课程授课中的运用策略,希望可以为同行老师提供一点启示。

关键词:《英语国家概况》教学方法策略一、引言应用型英语专业课程设置和设计强调能力本位,注重培养学生语言运用的能力。

作为专业基础类课程,《英语国家概况》课程旨在帮助学生了解主要英语国家的社会与文化概貌,增强学生对英语国家社会文化的识别力、理解力,培养和提高学生观察、分析和解决问题的能力,提高学生跨文化交际的能力。

二、课程概要作为高校英语专业必修课,《英语国家概况》课的总体目标是:比较系统地介绍英、美,加、澳、新等主要英语国家在史地、社会、政治、经济、教育等方面的情况及其文化传统,提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性,培养学生跨文化交际的能力。

让学生了解主要英语国家的史地、政治、经济、社会、教育等背景知识,尤其是有关这些国家的发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯等基本文化事实和文化现象,以扩大学生知识面,增强学生对英语国家文化的识别力、理解力,培养和提高学生观察、分析和解决问题的能力,使学生在学习英语的过程中了解英语国家文化,在了解英语国家文化的过程中理解、掌握英语并运用英语进行有效的交际和成功的沟通。

三、特殊教学方法在《英语国家概况》教学中的应用1.合作学习法的运用合作学习法的基本要素就是指各种具体的合作学习方式或方法所拥有的共同的特定品质或要素,离开了这些基本要素,就不可能成为真正意义上的合作学习,也就无法使之区别于其他的学习方法。

合作学习不只是一个认知的过程,同样也是一个人际交往与沟通的过程,它对学生素质的培养有很大影响。

英语国家概况论文

On the Rise and Fall of Great Britain.班级：学号：姓名：教授：分数：______On the Rise and Fall ofGreat Britain.中文摘要：英国，又称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，是由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

它曾经在世界历史发展的漫长时期中湮没无闻，人口不过数百万，国土资源也很有限，却率先敲开通向现代世界的大门，从地理的边缘变成了世界的中心，一跃成为西方强国的领头人，并独领风骚数百年，给人类文明烙上了不可磨灭的印记。

然而到了十九世纪末期，由于美、德等国的崛起以及其他种种原因，英国逐渐失去优势,后来又在第二次世界大战中受到严重创伤，大英帝国国力日渐衰落,海外殖民地也在二战后纷纷宣告独立，大英帝国逐渐演变成一个组织松散的英联邦。

这个曾经号称“世界工厂”和“日不落帝国”的国家又逐渐衰落。

不过，英国仍然是一个在世界范围内拥有巨大影响力的政治、经济、文化和军事强国。

关键词: 英国；世界工厂；日不落帝国；衰落Abstract in English：Great Britain, also known as The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland, is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland. It was once little-known in the long history of the development of the world and had only several millions of people. What' more, her territorial resources were also limited. However, she is the first country to open the door to the modern world ranging from the geographical edge to the center of the world. She had once been the leading power of the western countries for hundreds of years and also branded an indelible mark on the human civilization. However, in the late 19th century, with the rise of America and German and other factors, Britain began to lose the upper hand in the international competition. Afterwards, she suffered great loss in the two world wars. Britain began declining and the foreign colonies began to win independence one afteranother. The Great Britain Empire became a loose federal country and Britain which was once known as the "Workshop of the World" and "the Sun-Never-Setting Empire" began declining gradually. Nevertheless, Britain is still a political, economical, cultural and military great power which has great influence on the world.Key words: the Great Britain; the Workshop of the World; the Sun-Never-Setting Empire; fall1. IntroductionBritain is an island country surrounded by the sea to the west and off the European Continent. With the decline of the feudalism and the increase of the influence of the new-born bourgeoisie, she began her capitalist development. Through the closure and foreign plunder, expansion and aggression, she completed the primitive accumulation of capital. She became the first country to undergo the industrial revolution. Soon she became the workshop of the world and had the largest colonies. Of course, she became the most powerful country in the world. However, in the late 19th century with the competition of the new industrialized countries and other factors, she began to lose the upper hand. Afterwards, she suffered great loss in the two world wars. She began to decline. The colonies laid overseas began to revolt against Britain and won independences. Great Britain has gradually evolved into a loose organization of the Commonwealth. In the modern times, she tried to recover form it, but for different reasons she still developed slowly. Now she is still one of the major developed countries, she has been reduced to be a second-class world power that is always at the America's command in international affairs.2. The rise of Great BritainAs a small country, which had been invaded by several times, how could Great Britain developed into the workshop of the world and establish the largest empire that history has ever been seen? Let's explore it together.2.1 The Industrial RevolutionThe British Industrial Revolution was a great result of the socialdevelopment in Britain. In political power, Bourgeois had more say on national affairs; in economy ,they accomplished their "primitive accumulation of capital";in ideology, they are more open; besides ,Britain was gaining the upper hand in the contest to reign supreme on the sea ,which expanded foreign market.All the factors combined to make Britain the first country to undergo the Industrial Revolution. In first, it began in the textile industry. With the expansion of market, the demand for cloth also increased. The old instrument could not meet the need o the massive production. Therefore, before long, new and large machines which could increase productivity by hundreds of times appeared. The invention of the steam engine was used to furnish power. With the new source of power, iron, steel and coal industries began to a fast development. Productions needs were largely met by a series of refinements of existing techniques in the major industries and the extensions of mechanization to the other fields, as in sewing and the marketing of boots, cutlery and nails. The expansion of production and trade promoted the transportation revolution. The convenient transport made Britain products flood the world market. The Britain bourgeoisie amassed large amounts of wealth through trade, plunder and colonization. No country was strong enough to match Britain in the 19th century. Britain raced ahead of all the other countries.The industrial revolution marked the beginning of a new era in the history of mankind. Since the 18th century that rate of growth had been revolutionized, as one country that after another had embarked upon an industrialization which to this day was regarded as the key to the future development of new nations. It led on a much broader expansion. The major markets, however, lay overseas, where the more advanced economies were now moving into an intensive period of industrialization. Ultimately, of course, this was to create many powerful competitors for Great Britain, but at the time her superior technology made her the workshop o the world.2.2 Foreign Plunder, Expansion and AggressionOn the 7th July, 1588, the Spanish’s Armada, the Invincible Fleet was defeated by English which made a big difference to England’s getting sea supremacy as well as paving the way for her expansion. And Elizabeth was regarded as the foundation-layer-of the British Empire. During her reign, she encouraged her citizens to sail to trade, even plunder as much as they can. If they were accused of the international crime, the Queen would deny that she had nothing to do with it, in order to avoid stigma from other nations. But if they succeed to return in triumph like respectable soldiers, she might even grant an interview to these gainers, which was considered as a noble glory. In this way, ordinary people were all inspired to voyage, bringing about the prospect of England: nearly every one became rich and the society simultaneously made big change.With flourishing economy and proficient navigation base, the expansion and aggression enjoyed an unprecedented foundation. If the land was sparsely populated, they just drove away or killed off the natives to make room for Britain colonies. In other countries, they first knocked the door open with commerce, often backed by gunboats, and then, on a certain pretext, followed it up with armed occupied about 33million square kilometers, taking one fifth of the world's total dry land. These areas ever provided raw materials or became her market. Among them, the most famous one was East India Company. All these factors enabled Britain to be the “workshop of the world”and London became the financial center of the world trade. The British Empire had climbed to her peak.2.3The Great EmpireWhen the British Empire was in its prime of life, it occupied 33million square kilometers, taking up one fifth of the world dry land. The area was about 135 times as large as Great Britain. It ruled over a population of 560 million, which was more than 10 times as large as that of Britain. What’s more, the Britain fleet controlled the main sea routes and the strategic spots along them. The British Empire was on its crest and became the most powerful andimportant country in the world. That’s “the sun never setting”Great Empire-Britain.3. The fall of Great BritainTowards the end of the 19th century, the British began to go downhill.3.1 The Two World WarsUnder the two Industrial Revolutions’ pushing, more and more countries wanted to pursuit foreign markets and raw materials. Therefore, the competition became fiercer, so did the struggle between repartition and anti-repartition. So many factors combined, the First World War broke out in 1914 and had lasted a little more than four years. As we all know, nearly every country had suffered from it except America.Although Britain was one of the victorious nations and won many new colonies from the Germans in Africa and the Pacific, she could not continue to undertake the great expenses which were used to maintain an empire huge financial expenditure. Millions of people died, and many assets were destroyed, and caused mounting debt, capital market turmoil. At the same time, nationalism in the new and old colonies are high, and the Empire and the white soldiers fought in the war that felt in strong racial discrimination were much contributed to this kind of nationalism.Economically, Britain became debtor instead of creditor country and the economy postwar suffered depression, and the most important one was that the international financial center also transferred from British London to New York. On international influence, although Britain in Paris Peace Conference kept being a leader, her economic, military strength was retrogressing. Eventually, Britain could no longer maintain her hegemonic position. The most typical sign was the Washington Naval conference, limiting Britain’s naval power, which showed that the British had to admit that she was no longer the global hegemony. On the colony, although territory increased, her control became weaker on account of large death and losses. Then independence movements of colonies had affected British profoundlyAbout ten years later, in 1929, a serious crisis started in America and soon spread to other countries. Large unemployment caused endless demonstrations and strikes which shocked the whole capitalist world. Hitler’s constant thirst for power led Europe into the Second World War from 1939 to 1945. And the Second World War witnessed the disintegration of the British Empire.Though Britain and her allies won the war with Germany being invaded and Japan being hit by two atomic bombs, Britain suffered heavy losses. Repeated bombed, her financial position was greatly weakened and had to rely on America. The independence movement of colonies caused the British lose all her colonies except Hong Kong by the year 1970.As a result, the British Empire gave way to the British Commonwealth after 1931; her membership in European Community was endorsed by a national referendum in 1975; Britain’s defence policy is now based on the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Nowadays, the British Empire doesn’t exist and is replaced by the strong America, and then Britain is a second-class developed country.3.2 Postwar BritainAfter the two World Wars, much burden was laid on her and the Great Empire had gone downhill. Britain was no longer in the leading class in the world’s economy and underwent enormous economic difficulties. She lost the privilege in the industrial technology. Its financial was greatly weakened and it had to rely on America aid for its economic reconstruction. On the other, awakened and tempered by the war, consequently, most of its colonies in the world swept a large scale of independence movement. By the year 1970, Britain had lost all its former colonies except Hong Kong. Because its economy relied heavily on foreign markets and imports of raw materials, the losses of its colonies impose a great influence on Britain. She lost expansive lands and a large amount of British population, which weakened its power and was out-competed by other countries.4. ConclusionLooking back from Britain’s rise to fall, it is not difficult for us to find that Britain can become the European most powerful country and then the strongest country is a result of its new policy, technology and expansion. The rising bourgeoisie gave rise to the end of the feudal system and ushered a new stage to come. The Industrial Revolution turned Britain into the “workshop of the worl d” and England was the world’s economic center. And after the colonial expansion, wealth flooded in Britain and the great empire on which the sun never set was established. However, as we all are concerned, one’s previous glory doesn’t guarantee her a brilliant future. When the British were resting on their laurels, the world situation changed. When other countries were researching advanced technology and developing their economy, England was unwilling to adopt new technology and new equipment, she thus lost the monopolize position in the world’s industry and sea power. After two World Wars, the Great Britain’s power declined heavily. Though she won both of two wars, she is still a loser. Many problems were emerging, economic plunge, weakened sea power, loss of foreign colonies, large unemployment, and so on. It can no longer claim to be the most powerful country in the world. However, though it had lost its landlord position, the nation as a whole was not crushed by despair, it was still a powerful country in the world but not the strongest.From the process of Great Britain, we can sum up the experience and make China develop soundly and quickly. We should attach the importance to science, innovation and education. And the policy and society system should keep pace with the time. Last but not least, one nation's rise is based on science and technology, the competition between countries is in the contest of national quality, and talent competition. In addition, every country should keep in mind to be prepared for danger in the ties of safety.Bibliography：A.C.W., Winchester. Nineteenth Century Britain 1815-1914, Harlow, Essex, UK:Longman House, 1982, PP175-181Alderman Geoffrey. Modern Britain 1700-1983, Burrell Row: Provident House, 1986, PP1-15陈德新编英美概况，西安：西安交通大学出版社，2008来安方英美概况, 河南：大象出版社，2004年, PP1-212张奎武英美概况(上)，吉林，吉林科技大学出版社，1984,PP115-129/view/3565.htm/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_ Ireland//question/122668056.html。

英语国家概况

《英语国家概况》教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程编码：B170832223课程类别：专业基础课课程名称：英语国家概况课程性质：必修适用专业：翻译开课学期：第三学期总学分：2总学时：32先行课程：英语语法、英语口语、英语听力、英汉翻译课程简介：本课程属于翻译专业教学课程体系中得专业基础课。

该课程旨培养学生实际运用语言得能力，帮助学生打下坚实得专业基础，达到专业四级水平；同时培养学生良好学习作风与正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力与独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异得敏感性。

推荐教材：王恩铭、英语国家概况[M]、上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2013参考书目：[1] 来安方、英美概况[M]、河南: 河南人民出版社, 2007[2] 余志远、英语国家概况主编[M]、北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000[3] 朱永涛、英国社会与文化[M]、北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003二、课程总目标以《英语国家概况》（王恩铭著）为蓝本。

本课程主要就是为了使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家得地理、历史、经济、政治等方面得概况，了解主要英语国家得文化传统，风俗习惯与社会生活得其她情况。

本课程就是一门实用性很强得文化知识课。

一方面通过英语阅读主要英语国家得背景材料扩大知识面，另一方面通过学习文化知识进行语言基本功得训练，巩固与提高英语水平。

三、教学指南课程重点：本课程教学得重点使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家得地理、历史、经济、政治等方面得概况，了解主要英语国家得文化传统，风俗习惯与社会生活得其她情况。

课程难点：在使学生了解英语国家主要得地理、历史、经济与政治等方面得概况同时，还要培养学生良好学习作风与正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力与独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异得敏感性。

教学方法与手段：讲授+讨论+练习四、理论课程教学内容第一章Britain: Land and People教学目得：掌握英国得自然、地理、人口概况。

《英语国家概况》课程教学方法的探索与实践

该门课程的课时安排都很有限，基本为一个学期授课。
如何处理高信息量的教材，何在有限的课时内让学如生尽可能多并有效地掌握课程教学内容，是英语教师
面临的首要问题。
语的精髓，少并消除与英语母语者的沟通障碍。我减国《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》明确指出，也作
的选用大同小异，种类很多，中文和英文版本多达数十
明，语言具有社会性，言系统不可能是一种存在于真语空中独立发展、自生自灭的系统，人类语言的表现形式
种。但是，这些教材都有明显的缺陷，教材内容不够新颖，数据大多都是五年以前的，教材的编排结构也不是
受到存在于语言之外的社会因素的制约。因此，在教学中仅仅传授语言知识是不够的，须学习语言所承必
载的文化知识，重视文化导人。语言之于社会与文化，犹如鱼之于水，须臾不能分离。孤立静止地学习某种
语言只能得到语言知识的皮毛，不可能获得真正的语言能力。同样，要想习得真正和地道的英语，也必须了解英语国家的社会和文化背景，这样才能真正了解英
２１００年１月第２９卷第１期
黑龙江教育学院学报
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《英语国家概况》课程教学方法的探索与实践
吴莉，石敏
（黑龙江大学西语学院，哈尔滨１０８）５００

英语国家概况主要参考书目

《英语国家概况》参考书目1. 现代美国社会与文化（2卷）邓炎昌主编高等教育出版社，19952. 当代英国概况（修订版）肖慧云主编上海外语教育出版社，20033. 当代美国概况周静琼编著上海外语教育出版社，20024. 英美文化基础教程朱永涛编著外研出版社, 19915．新编英美概况许鲁之编著青岛海洋大学出版社，19936．英美概况严威夷胡新云主编浙江大学出版社，19957．英美概况陈志刚等编上海外语教育出版社,19948．英美社会与文化（上下册）罗选民主编华中理工大学出版社，19979．英美民间故事与民俗郝彭编著南海出版公司，200410．美国的历程(上下册) (美)J.布卢姆等商务印书馆,198811．英美概况习题集方周编华中理工大学出版社，199512．复旦大学资本主义国家经济研究所《英国政府机构》(世界知识出版社，1982)13．龚祥瑞《英国行政机构和文官制度》(人民出版社，1981)14．《简明不列颠百科全书》编辑部译编《简明不列颠百科全书》(中国大百科全书出版社，1985)15．勒文翰、郭圣铭、孙道夫主编《世界历史词典》(上海辞书出版社，1985)16．刘炳善《英国文学简史》(河南人民出版社，1992)17．莫尔顿《人民的美国史》(生活·读书·新知三联书店，1958，北京)18．上海国际问题研究所编写《英国》(上海辞书出版社，1982)19．世界知识出版社编辑委员会编《世界知识年鉴》(世界知识出版社，1983)20．特鲁汉诺夫斯基《英国现代史》(三联书店，1979)21．萧德莱主编《世界地名录》(中国大百科全书出版社，1984)22．孟继有等编A Cultural Background For English Study(外语教学与研究出版社)23．《美国地理简介》(美国大使馆文化处编译出版，1982)24．陆煜泰、郑香泉著《美国风貌剪影》(广西人民出版社，1982)25．《美国政府机构》(复旦大学资本主义国家经济研究所，上海人民出版社)26．赵浩生著《漫话美国青年》(上海人民出版社，1982)27．杨永生编《中外民间节日》(广西人民出版社，1982)28．《画里美国》(美国大使馆新闻处编印)29.《英美概况》，来安方编，河南教育出版社出版30.《美国》，陈朝晖编著，京华出版社出版31.《英汉双解美国20世纪流行文化词典》，Shawn Holley 编，清华大学出版社出版32.《英语学习背景知识新编（英国澳大利亚部分）》，何田编注，北京大学出版社33.《英语学习背景知识新编（美国加拿大部分）》，孟继有编注，北京大学出版社34.《英美文化词典》，胡文仲主编，外语教学与研究出版社35.《加拿大通史简编》，张友伦主编，南开大学出版社36.《世界文化史故事大系（英国卷）》，毕继万主编，上海外语教育出版社37.《世界文化史故事大系（美国卷）》，毕继万主编，上海外语教育出版社38．范存忠编著《英国史提纲》(四川人民出版社，1982)39．程西筠、王璋等《英国简史》(商务印书馆，1981)，40.《Reading Course In American& British News Publication》,端木义万编著，南京大学41．Addis，C．1992．Britain Now(B．B．C．English)42．Aiison R．Lainer．1981。

英语国家概况英国的教育体制

英语国家概况英国的教育体制英国国家的教育体制与我国的有何不同，为什么会这样呢?下面是店铺带来英语国家概况:英国的教育体制详情，欢迎大家阅读!英语国家概况:英国的教育体制The education system in Britain1. primary education 初等教育，小学教育Primary education is compulsory(义务教育) in Britain.It begins at five in Great Britain and four in NorthernIreland. All children have to attend primary schooland they finish their primary education at the age of11. In addition to the many state primaryschools(公立小学) which do not ask their pupils to payfees, there are also some fee-paying independentprimary schools (收费的私立小学). The most famous fee-paying primary schools are thepreparatory schools which admit children from seven-plus to 11,12 or 13 years old.初等教育在英国是义务教育，大不列颠是从5岁开始，北爱尔兰是4岁。

所有的孩子必须参加初等教育，并在11岁完成。

除了许多国家公立小学不向学生收费外，也有一些收费的私立小学。

预备学校学生的年龄通常为7岁以上到11 12 13岁。

2. secondary education 中等教育，中学教育Secondary education in Britain is also compulsory. All the children must receive secondaryeducation after finishing their primary education at the age of eleven. The secondary schoolage-range(中学生的年龄段) is from 11-18. About 90 per cent of the state secondary schoolpopulation in Great Britain attend comprehensive schools.Secondary schools includecomprehensive schools (综合中学), secondary modern schools (现代中学) and grammarschools(文法学校). They are state schools(公立学校)。

《英语国家概况》课程论文写作要求和范例

《海外文化检索》（“英语国家概况”）课程论文写作要求一、语言及字数要求：英语，正文1500~2000字（不包含参考文献）二、选题：跟课程相关，学生自选三、时间要求： 12月27日（17周）之前上交论文。

四、写作要求：不需要摘要和关键词，但需要包括以下几个基本部分：1、题目2、各部分的小标题3、完整的正文内容4、正文有规范的引用（尤其注意不可抄袭，不可随意引用，不可将他人的创作据为己有）5、参考书目（3个以上，并且都在论文中实现引用）五、论文版面格式与打印要求1、封面：使用统一的封面（见附件格式）。

2、打印：统一使用A4纸。

3、左边装订。

4、边距：上下边距各3cm；左边距：2.5cm；右边距2cm。

5、论文字体：汉语：宋体，英语：Times New Roman。

6、页脚页码标注（居中）。

六、评分标准：满分100分。

具体包含以下4个方面内容：1) 写作要求完成情况：学生能否有效就其选定的题目进行资料查找、阅读，并且进行描述和写作，字数达到要求。

【占25%，按照完成情况打分】2) 连贯性和结构层次：学生能否将信息和要点进行组织，信息和要点之间的联系是否清晰。

【占25%，按照完成情况打分】3) 词汇的多样性和语法的准确性：学生使用的词汇是否广泛、准确、且适合写作的要求；语法结构是否多样、准确、且适合写作的要求。

【占25%，按照完成情况打分】4)论文格式：学生写作的格式是否规范，尤其是引用和参考文献部分。

【占25%，按照完成情况打分】七、抄袭惩罚论文如果有抄袭嫌疑，视抄袭严重程度进行处罚，情节严重者按0分处理。

如果未加注直接引用为自己文字，连续引用字数超过30字未加注者，即视为抄袭。

全文出现5处以上抄袭，即视为情节严重，按0分处理；全文出现3-5处抄袭，最多得分不超过20分；全文出现1-2处抄袭，最多得分不超过40分。

将别人的文字稍作修改作为己用，也应注明出处，否则等同于抄袭。

论文规范和范例Part I Questions1.Why should we write quotes in an essayBecause we should give credit to quoted authors.Whenever you use someone else’s words in an essay, you must indicate clearly that the words are not your own. You do this by using proper formatting and by using endnotes to give the original author credit. There are two basic ways to format quotations, one for short quotations and the other for long quotes.2. How to write a quote in an essay1)Select your quotations carefully and don’t use more than you need. Usequotations when accuracy or exact wording is important or when the quotation makes a powerful point. Introduce the quotations in your own words and make sure they fit smoothly into the flow of your essay.2)Use double quotation marks around a quotation when you use a direct quotationthat is less than four lines long. Don’t use quotation marks around paraphrased material (material summarized in your own words).3)Indent a quotation if it is more than four lines long. Do not use quotation marksaround indented quotations.4)Capitalize the first letter of a quote if it is a complete sentence but not if it is afragment. Put periods and commas inside quotation marks. Put colons and semicolons outside. Put question marks and exclamation points inside the quotation marks if they are part of the quotation, but put them outside the quotation marks if they refer to the sentence as a whole.5)Give endnotes to every quotation, even paraphrased quotations, at the end of theessay.Part II Essay正文字体、标题、行距、段落等格式正文全文1.5倍行距，除题目和标题外，都用Times New Roman小四号。

英语国家概况期末论文

A GUIDE TO ENGLISH-SPEAKINGCOUNTRIESWhen English jumps to life, it displays a starting quality. Nowadays, the connections among countries are increasing frequently, English is becoming more significant. After learning this course, I know more about some English-speaking countries, like Canada, Australia and New Zealand, especially the UK and America.Britain, the whole is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, in ancient Britain is known as the "day not fall", includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. England is the largest part of Great Britain.There are many rivers in Great Britain. Among the most important rivers is the Thames, which flows into the North Sea. Its length is 336 km and it is the deepest rive in Britain. It is navigable as far as the capital of Great Britain –London. The longest river in Britain is the Severn. Its length is 354 km. London is also called foggy London as the climate of Britain is classified as temperate, with warm summer, cool winters and plentiful precipitation throughout the year.Britain also has a long history. The earliest setters include Iberians (3000BC) , the Beaker folk and Celts. But the recorded history dates from 55BC, when Julius Caesar and his roman troops invaded the island. And then through the medieval period, the industrial revolution, the colonial expansion, and the World War II, the history has been in the present day.Britain is a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy. Although the Queen is the head of state, their power is largely symbolic. The government is elected by people and governs according to British constitutional principles, and that election is held every five years. However, parliament is the law-making body of Britain. Strictly speaking, it consists of the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. TheHouse of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of 651 Members of Parliament. It is in the House of Commons that the ultimate authority. Britain is divided 651constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns one member to the House of Commons. A general Election must be held every five years and is often held at more frequent intervals. Britain has a number of parties, but there are only two major parties. These two parties are the Conservative Party and the Labor Party. Since 1945, either the Conservative Party or the Labor Party has held power. The party which wins sufficient seats at a General election commands a majority of Government. The leader of the majority party is appointed Prime Minister. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the Official Opposition, with its own leader and shadow cabinet. The rule of Opposition is to help the formulation of policy criticizing the Government and debate with the Government. However, the monarchy is usually regarded as a separate institution because even though the Queen must consent to pass a law, that consent is given as a matter of course. Additionally, it is a capitalist country in Western Europe. Agriculture, energy production, manufacturing industry, service industry and foreign trade are current British economic characters. Since the end of WWII, service industry has a spectacular growth.Britain has a rich culture. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between ages of 5 and 17. There are two parallel school systems in Britain for primary and secondary education, which includes the state system, where education is provided free of charge, and the independent system where fees are required. Britain’s education and academic research level is currently in the world's leading position. The world-famous education has a holy land at the university of Cambridge and Oxford University. British especially like reading newspapers, like the Times, the Guardian and the Daily Telegraph and so on.The United States is located in the central part of North America, expect Alaska and Hawaii. The country is bordered by Canada to the north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, the Atlantic Ocean t the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The coastline is 22680 kilometers. Unlike UK, major area belongs to temperate continental climate, the southern subtropical climate, while western coastal area distribution has a temperate climate with Mediterranean climate.The US is a country of the western hemisphere, comprising fifty states and several territories. Forty-eight contiguous states lie in central North America between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bounded on land by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south; Alaska is in the northwest of the continent with Canada to its east, and Hawaii is in the mid-Pacific.After Christopher Columns has discovered American, this nation was founded by thirteen colonies declaring their independence from Great Britain on July 4, 1776. It adopted the current constitution, which has been amended several times subsequently on September 17, 1787. When the War of Independence was over, the US was not one unified nation as it is today. Each new state had its own government and was organized very much like an independent nation. One of the most events in America is the Civil War. American slavery existed after the first immigrants from Europe founded their settlements. In certain circumstances, slaves were treated with occasional dignity by their owners, but for the most part they were neglected and treated with severe harshness.Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the U.S. and formed the Confederate States of America. But the south feared that the north would abolish slavery, and the north was afraid it would spread westward into the newly established states. Soon, anti-slavery leaders were becoming active and loud. Slavery effectively ended in the U.S. in the spring of 1865 when theConfederate armies surrendered. The victory can also be attributed in part to failures of Confederate transportation, materiel, and political leadership. And then the country greatly expanded in territory throughout the 19th century, acquiring further territory from the United Kingdom, as well as lands from France, Mexico, Spain, and Russia. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, it became the world's sole remaining superpower, and is a declared nuclear weapons state. The United States continues to exert dominant economic, political, cultural and military influence around the globe.The United States is a federal constitutional republic with Washington DC its federal capital. The Constitution of the United States is the basic law of the land. There are two obvious characteristics in the Constituti on. One is “check and balance”, consisted of the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. Each branch has powers that the others do not have and each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by other branch. Another characteristic is that the Constitution specifies the respective powers of federal government and of the state government. Congress is the legislature branch of the federal government. It is law-making and the supreme legislative body of the nation. It consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, while the executive branch consists of 15 departments and many independent agencies. According to the Constitution, the judicial power of the US shall be vested in one Supreme Court. The judicial system has evolved into the present structure: the Supreme Court, 11 Court of appeals, 91 district courts and 3 courts of special jurisdiction. Us judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.As in Britain, a two-party system has been dominant in the United States. Today, the two major parties in America are the Democratic Party which evolved out of Thomas Jefferson’s party, formed before 1800 and the Republican Party which was formed in the 1850s by people in the states of the North and West.Curre nt American economical forms are the same as Britain’s.American society is the product of large-scale immigration and is home to a complex social structure as well as a wide array of household arrangements. The U.S. is one of the world's most ethnically and socially diverse nations.In America, education is regarded as both an individual benefit and a social necessity. It is a general view that every American should have the right and obligation to become educated. They hold the view that the future of the nation depends largely on education. Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education. Elementary and secondary educations, the basis of public education, are compulsory and are divided into 12 grades. Higher education in the US began with the founding of Harvard College in 1636. As a undergraduate student, he has to earn a certain number of credits In order to receive a degree at the end of four years of college, which is similar to Chinese students. The culture of the United States is a Western culture, and has been developing since long before the United States became a country. Its chief early influence was British culture, due to colonial ties with the British that spread the English language, legal system and other cultural inheritances. Other important influences came from other parts of Europe, especially countries from which large numbers immigrated such as Ireland, Germany, Poland, and Italy; the Native American peoples; Africa, especially the western part, from which came the ancestors of most African Americans; and young groups of immigrants. American culture also has shared influence on the cultures of its neighbors in the New World.Although American history is not so long, but it still is the super country. Let’s find out the cause together. It is said that American active, confident and brave, while British diffident, gentle andreliable. British and American detest each other, British think there is no history in America, but American think British cannot understand what future is.According to this term’s study, I know more about Britain and American. In addition, this course arise my interests in Britain and America. Nowadays, more and more people like traveling abroad. So do I. I try to find something more about these two counties.People in Britain and America are different in greeting and introduction. For British people, a handshake is the most common way of greeting, and it is customary when being introduced to someone new. When one wants to introduce oneself, one extends his or her hand for a shake and says “hello, I am…” and it is proper to say “pleases to meet you…’ as a response. For friends, the British will also hug. And if the friends have not seen each for a long time, they would kiss the cheek of the opposite sex. For America people, they greet total strangers by saying “hello’ and it is thought polite to reply. They say “have a nice day when parting” and “you are welcome” when thanked. British people are punctual persons, so it is polite to arrive on time for appointments. Being late for even a few minutes would be considered impolite.In social settings, people always say “come to see me soon’ and “drop in anytime”. But it is often necessary to call before visiting others. If one does not plan to go, it is better to accept the invitation. It is often considered polite to bring gifts like flowers, chocolate or a small thing for the host. It is an appropriate way to express ones appreciation for being invited by writing a thankful note or giving a telephone call after the visit.In most parts of Britain, the evening meal is the main meal. When one is invited for dinner, it is better for one to tell the hosthis or her dietary restrictions. Food may be served in the following ways: family style, buffet style or serving style. But in America, some families express grace before meals.In the USA, everyone takes pride in doing things by themselves, which is a spirit from their forefathers. And it is also a call of the whole society to do things like gardening, carpentry, upholstering and interior decorating all by oneself.But both British and American people love privacy. It is their right to have privacy and personal freedom. When we communicate with British or American people, don’t ask some private questions. We should remember it.At last, I want to say that this course is quite interesting and practical. I do learn something through the study. Although this course is going to end, I think we should not stop the study of western country cultures because it is useful for our other study as well. if we come to a foreign enterprise after graduation, we could know how to talk with our foreign interviewers or our bosses. When we travel aboard, we could experience local culture in a better way. To some extent, no matter what you are learning now, it must be useful in your future. Thus, I am happy I have learned something in this course.。

《英语国家概况》课程教学现状探讨

《英语国家概况》课程教学现状探讨作者：石佳来源：《戏剧之家》2016年第24期【摘要】《英语国家概况》课程是一门英语专业的文化知识课，知识涵盖面广，内容繁多复杂，如何在有限的课时内让学生透彻学习并掌握这门课的知识，作者结合个人教学实践总结反思目前本课程的教学现状，指出存在的问题，提出了几个相应的对策。

【关键词】英语国家概况；教学现状；对策中图分类号：H31 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-0125（2016）12-0228-01《英语国家概况》是我国高等院校英语专业教学中的一门专业必修课，这门课程的宗旨是通过讲述英语，美国、加拿大等英语国家历史、地理、政治、教育文化和社会生活等方面的情况，以扩大学生的知识面，增强学生对英美文化的辨识度和敏感性，培养学生的理解力以及运用英语进行交际的能力。

然而，与其他专业课如《综合英语》、《英语阅读》、《英语语法》相比，此课程的设置还相对滞后，教学效果并不理想。

为了推动该学科的建设与发展，本文作者通过分析英语国家概况课程的教学现状，提出改革意见，旨在给予本门课程的教学工作提供明确的指导。

一、英语国家概况的教学现状分析（一）课程重视度的缺乏。

根据高校英语专业教学大纲，英语国家概况课程被指定为专业必修课。

然而此课程并没有得到足够的重视，主要表现在两个方面。

一方面，虽然各高校对此课程的开设时间和具体安排不同，但是大多数高校将此课程安排在大三学年的选修课程，每周2个学时，开设时间为一年，共72个学时，总共2个学分。

甚至有部分应用型本科院校将其安排在大二下半年，开课仅为36个学时，作者所在学校也不例外。

面对庞杂的知识，根本无法利用全面立体的方式生动形象地让学生吃透每个知识点，同时对教师备课工作也造成极大压力。

另一方面，由于此课安排课时和学分均较少，很多学生并不能意识到其专业课的地位。

（二）教师素质的缺乏。

虽然我国高校英语专业担任此课程教学的教师多为中国籍教师，既了解本国教材编写的重难点，也能够充分结合国情对比补充各种知识点以提高学生学习兴趣。

《英语国家1》课程教学模式改革的研究报告

《英语国家概况1》课程教学模式改革的研究报告韦览恩老师是我校开放教育英语本科专业省开课程《英语国家概况1》的责任教师。

她积极探索远程开放教育条件下课程教学模式的改革,在授课组织形式、学生自主学习、教学资源建设和实施有效监控等方面做了许多有益的探索。

一、《英语国家概况1》课程教学模式改革的情况1、大胆实践了广西电大“导学→自主学习←辅学”的教学模式《英语国家概况1》课程按照广西电大开放教育“导学→自主学习←辅学”的教学模式思路进行课程教学一体化设计，从教学大纲、教学安排、导学视频、文字材料、课堂教学、网上教学、网上作业等环节充分考虑了开放教育学生成人在职学习的特点，使学生更好地实现自主学习，充分体现了开放教育“以学生自主学习为中心”的教学思想。

2、丰富的多媒体教学资源《英语国家概况1》的教学资源主要有文字教材、网上文字教学辅导材料、课程导学教学视频以及《英语国家概况1》网络课件。

丰富的多媒体教学资源为学员提供优质的支持服务。

值得一提的是韦览恩老师和技术人员合作制作了《英语国家概况1》网络课件，将文字资料、教学大纲、导学材料、教学视频、综合练习、拓展知识有机融为了一体，进一步加强对学生自学的支持与辅导，使学生学习的普遍性和特殊性都能得到满足。

为此，该课件荣获2005年广播电视大学“东方燕园杯”多媒体课件大赛教师网页组佳作奖以及第五届广西高等教育教学软件大赛二等奖、广西广播电视大学多媒体课件大赛一等奖。

3、开展丰富多彩的网上教学活动韦览恩教师重视网上教学的研究，除了在网上为学生自主学习提供该课程的丰富的教学资料外，还通过各种方式在网上与学生进行课程内容的交流，学习方式的交流，为学生答疑解惑，增加学生学习本课程的兴趣。

韦览恩老师与学生进行网上交流的场所主要有：广西电大网上教学答疑平台、专业讨论区、BBS论坛等。

4、积极开展多种形式的小组学习韦览恩老师在课堂教学和课外辅导中积极指导学生开展学习小组活动，力求满足不同类型和不同层次学生的需求，让好学生吃得饱，差生跟得上。

王恩铭英语国家概况英国、美国、加拿大对错题答案整合

Ⅰ. True or False:1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe. F2. The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. F3. England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. F4. The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones. F5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain. F6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain. F7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautiful scenery in Europe. T8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames. F9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England. F10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current that sweeps up from the equator and flows past the British Isles. TⅠ. True or False:1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.F2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population. T3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain. T4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people. F5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales. T6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland. F7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland. T8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people. F9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property. F10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain. TⅠ. True or False:1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar. F2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries. T3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue. T4. The Black Death once ravage England, carrying off three fourths of the population. F5. During Edward III’ s reign, the war with France known as the Hundred Years’ War began. T6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster. T7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country. F8. James’ son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given. T9. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration. T10.As a result of land enclousure,a new class hostility was introduced into rural relationship. TⅠ. True or False:1. Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence. T2. Britain does not have a written constitution. T3. Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life ofa Parliament. T4. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made. F5. The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition. F6. Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. T7. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party. F8. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time. F9.A general election may be called by the government at any time but seat during the life of a Parliament, T10.The party which wins the second chamber where changers in law can be made, F1. Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system. T2. A Magistrates’ Court sits with a jury. F3. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary. F4. Officers in Great Brain do not normally carry firearms. T5. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor. F6. The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the County Courts. T7. House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law. F8. Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain. F9. Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day. T10. If a person is charged with murder, and has insufficient means, he must be granted legal aid. TⅠ. True or False:1. A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world. T2. John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist. F3. A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy. F4. In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its gross domestic product. T5. The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”. F6. Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly raw materials. F7. Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other members of the European Union. T8. The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports. F9. Today, the City of London is the centre of London where government departments arelocated. F10. The trade union movement in Britain is becoming stronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment. FⅠ. True or False:1. The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services. T2. The National Health Service (NHS) is now a largely free service. T3. Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems. T4. Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percentage increases in retail prices. T5. General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients. F6. In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). F7. Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge. F8. Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty. F9. Most British people now live in detached houses. F10.The nuclear family accounts for a majority of households and has increased in resent years. FⅠ. True or False:1. Parents are required by law to ensure that their children receive compulsory full-time education between the age of 5 and 16. F2. Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attends comprehensive schools. F3. Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universal and free state primary and secondary education. T4. The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK. F5. The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools. F6. In the UK, public schools are publicly-funded schools. T7. Universities and higher education colleges enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant. F8. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years to complete. F9. The Open University was intended to give opportunities to adults who have been unable to take conventional higher education. T10. More than 70 British citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science, second only to the United States. FⅠ. True or False:1. In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on a regular basis. F2. Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century. F3. Under the Act of Settlement 1701, the British monarch is required to be a member of the Church of England. F4. The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury. T5. Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs. F6. In 1994 the first women were ordained as priests in the Anglican Church. T7. The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control. F8. The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the Free Churches in Britain. F9. The UK has the second largest Jewish community in Western Europe. T10. Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom without interference from the state or the community, religion in Britain is separated from politics. TⅠ. True or False:1. Parents are required by law to ensure that their children receive compulsory full-time education between the age of 5 and 16. F2. Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attends comprehensive schools. F3. Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universal and free state primary and secondary education. T4. The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK. F5. The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools. F6. In the UK, public schools are publicly-funded schools. T7. Universities and higher education colleges enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant. F8. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years to complete. F9. The Open University was intended to give opportunities to adults who have been unable to take conventional higher education. T10. More than 70 British citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science, second only to the United States. FⅠ. True or False:F1. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.T2. The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.F3. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some of the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.F4. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter.T5. New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.F6. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region.T7. Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition.T8. The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.T9. Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries.F10. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.ⅠTrue or FalseT1. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.F2. The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies.F3. When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy.F4. The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement, demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.F5. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.F6. The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s.F7. Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.F8. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992.T9.The Louisiana Purchase was executed under the Jefferson Administration,the second President in American history who resigned.F10, The United States formally went into war against Germany in 1917.F11. Before the War of Independence, there ware 13 colonies in North America,ⅠTrue or FalseF1. In the United States, the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate.F2. In the United States, the largest minority group is the African-American group.T3. The fastest-growing group in the U.S now is the Asian-Ameican group.F4. Hispianics have a low school dropout rate.T5. The three major Hispanic groups are the Mexican-Americans, the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.F6. Puerto Ricans enjoy Ameican citizenship rights.F7. The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese. F8. Today ,Ameican Indians are only allowed to live on reservations.T9. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASP.F10.many if the Chicanos are farmers.ⅠTrue or FalseF1. The Constitution of the United States, after its adoption, has never been revised.F2. According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsible for addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individual states.T3. Separation of power is designed to prevent the government from being too strong.F4. The government is divided into four branches: the legislative, the presidency, the bureaucracy and the judiciary.T5. The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional and thereby make it invalid.F6. Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen from political parties.F7. The President has great executive power but no legislative power.F8. Congressmen serve a term of six years while Senators serve a term of two years.F9. The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich.F10. The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.ⅠTrue or FalseF1. In the United States, the social security system provides assistance to people with financial problems.F2. In the United States, Medicare provides virtually free treatment for all American citizens.F3. Social security is the nearly universal retirement program for Americans, with about 92 percent of people aged 60 and over receiving benefits.T4. Since 1996, welfare responsibility under AFDC has been passed to the states, which receive federal grants to run their own programs.F5. The Social Security Administration organizes the distribution of food and food stamps through state and local governments.F6. Since government-sponsored welfare programs are essential to the needy and the poor, they are quite adequate in confronting the poverty issue.F7. Child Welfare League of America is the largest privately-funded childcare agency in the United States, providing shelter and service to homeless and runaway youth.F8. In the United States, most employees and their families are normally insured for health care through public insurance programs.F9. Medicaid program provides federal grants to states for the free treatment of the elderly.T10. In the United States, two-thirds of the housing units in the private sector are “single-family dwellings”.ⅠTrue or FalseF1. The U.S. Constitution defines the organization of a court system, including a Supreme Court and inferior courts.F2. In the United States, each state has one district court.T3. District courts are the only national courts that use grand juries and petit juries.F4. All national courts can review decisions of state courts.F5. At the national level, government prosecution is the responsibility of the Supreme Court. F6. The U.S. attorneys are appointed for life terms to the district courts.T7. Anglo-American Common Law is based on the supposed reasonable person’s view of what is right and fair.F8. In the United States, all cases should be tried with a jury.F9. A unanimous decision is needed for a grand jury to make a decision.T10. Federal crimes are mainly the responsibility of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).ⅠTrue or FalseT1. Americans generally hold that everyone is entitled to education.T2. Americans believe that education is beneficial to individuals and society as a whole.T3. In the United States, public education at elementary and secondary level is free.T4. American education system is characterized by diversity.F5. According to the U.S. Constitution, education is the responsibility of the federal government.F6. There is little similarity in the education system of the 50 states.T7. The state board of education is responsible for the education policy of the state.F8. The oldest institution of higher learning in the United States is Harvard University.F9. Junior colleges offer only B.A. degrees.F10. The affirmative action program aims to help ethnic and racial minorities in elementary and secondary education.F1. In comparison with other Western countries, America is less religious in terms of church attendance and financial commitment to church organizations.F2. At the time when the United States was founded, it was the Catholic branch of theChristian faith that had the strongest influence on the development of the religious climate in the United States.T3. The Pilgrims tried to create a community in which life would be guided by God’s will and deviations from His will in any shape or form would never be tolerated.F4. America became “the Kingdom of God”by the end of the 17th century.F5. In the 19th century, Americans stopped talking about the importance of religious values for their national identity.T6. According to the U.S. Constitution, church and state are separate in their role and function.F7. Historically, church and state in the United States has never interacted to each other.T8. A growing trend in American religious life is that religion has become increasingly secularized.F9. In the United States, mainstream Protestant denominations have lost ground to Catholic denominations.T10. Post-war Evangelism has attempted to use its influence to restore some sense of community in a society.ⅠTrue or FalseF1. Most Americans have an ambition to own their own house on a little piece of property, but it’s difficult for them to have that ambition materialized.F2. After the arrival of the so-called post-industrial society, Americans started to move to the city.F3. Most Americans live in mobile homes which function as prefabricated housing units in stationary settings.F4. Many poor American families expect their children to find part-time jobs, especially as they enter their teens.T5. Parties for children and for grown-ups are constantly occupying the leisure hours of Americans.F6. In the United States, high-brow arts get most of the financial backing from the government.T7. In the United States, popular culture outshines classical culture in audience size and in public influence.F8. Today’s preeminent spectator game in America is baseball.F9. American football was derived from the British game of soccer.T10. Baseball is adapted by the Americans from the English cricket to their own tastes.。

关于黄氏的研究报告作文

关于黄氏的研究报告作文Huang Shi is a prominent figure in Chinese history, known for his significant contributions to the fields of military strategy, political philosophy, and statecraft. His extensive research and writings have had a lasting impact on Chinese society and beyond. 黄石是中国历史上杰出的人物，以其在军事战略、政治哲学和国家治理领域的重大贡献而闻名。

他广泛的研究和著作对中国社会以及其他地区产生了持久的影响。

Huang Shi's military strategies and tactics have been widely studied and applied in various military contexts around the world. His emphasis on flexibility, deception, and understanding the enemy's weaknesses has been instrumental in shaping military doctrines. 黄氏的军事战略和战术在世界各地的多个军事环境中得到了广泛研究和应用。

他对灵活性、欺骗以及了解敌人弱点的重视在塑造军事学说方面起到了关键作用。

In addition to his military expertise, Huang Shi's political philosophy has also left a significant impact on Chinese governance and leadership. His emphasis on the importance of effective governance, moral leadership, and the role of the ruler in maintaining social ordercontinues to be relevant in contemporary political discourse. 除了军事专业知识外，黄石的政治哲学也对中国的治理和领导产生了重大影响。