UN 联合国英文介绍
高二联合国知识点总结英语
高二联合国知识点总结英语联合国（United Nations，简称UN）是一个国际组织，由全球193个会员国组成，旨在维护国际和平与安全，促进可持续发展，保护人权，维护国际法治，以及推动国际合作。
作为高二学生，对联合国的了解是非常重要的。
本文将总结高二学年内英语课程中与联合国相关的知识点。
一、联合国的成立与目标联合国成立于1945年，旨在通过国际合作解决国际问题。
其宗旨包括：1. 维护国际和平与安全：通过和平手段解决国际争端，防止战争爆发；2. 促进友好关系与国际合作：鼓励国家间的友好交流与和平共处；3. 保护人权与基本自由：维护人权，反对种族主义、歧视、奴役和酷刑等；4. 促进社会进步与发展：推动经济、社会、文化等各领域的可持续发展；5. 维护国际法治：通过国际法维护公正与正义。
二、联合国的机构与作用1. 联合国大会：是联合国的最高决策机构，所有会员国均有代表。
2. 联合国安全理事会：负责维护国际和平与安全，由15个成员国组成。
其中5个常任理事国（中国、美国、俄罗斯、英国和法国）具有否决权。
3. 联合国秘书处：由秘书长领导，负责协调各机构的工作，促进联合国的目标实现。
4. 联合国经济社会理事会：负责推动经济发展、社会进步和国际合作。
5. 联合国国际法院：是联合国的主要司法机构，负责解决国际法律纠纷。
三、联合国的重要机构与议题1. 世界卫生组织（World Health Organization，简称WHO）：负责全球卫生事务，推动健康问题的研究与协调。
2. 联合国教科文组织（United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization，简称UNESCO）：致力于教育、科学、文化和传媒等领域的国际合作和发展。
3. 联合国环境规划署（United Nations Environment Programme，简称UNEP）：负责推动环境保护与可持续发展，应对全球变暖等环境问题。
国际组织缩写
UN ( the United Nations) 联合国FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (联合国)粮食及农业组织UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 联合国教科文组织UNCF (United Nations Children's Fund,其前身是United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) 联合国儿童基金会UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)联合国工业发展组织UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)联合国开发计划署UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)联合国环境署UNCDF(United Nations Capital Development Fund)联合国资本开发基金会UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议WHO (World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织WMO (World Meteorological Organization) 世界气象组织WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关税及贸易组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)世界知识产权组织WPC (World Peace Council) 世界和平理事会ILO (International Labour Organization) 国际劳工组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织IOC (International Olympic Committee) 国际奥林匹克委员会UPU (Universal Postal Union) 万国邮政联盟ITU (International Telecommunication Union) 国际电信联盟IFC(International Finance Corporation) 国际金融公司IMO (International Maritime Organization) 国际海事组织ISO (International Standard Organization) 国际标准化组织ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) 国际民用航空组织IDA (International Development Association) 国际开发协会IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) 国际农业发展基金会IOJ (International Organization of Journalists) 国际新闻工作者协会ICC(International Chamber of Commerce)国际商会UEA(Universal Esperanto Association)国际世界语协会INTELSAT (International telecommunications Satellitic)国际通信卫星机构IRTO (International Radio and Television Organization)国际广播电视组织IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 国际原子能机构NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 石油输出国组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)经济合作与发展组织CMEA(Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)经济互助委员会(经互会)APEC (Asia and Pacific Economic Cooperation) 亚太经和组织ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)东南亚国家联盟OAU (Organization of African Unity) 非洲统一组织OIC (Organization of the Islamic Conference) 伊斯兰会议组织CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) 独立国家联合体EU (European Union) 欧洲联盟IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union) 各国议会联盟OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe)欧洲安全与合作组织EEC (European Economic Communities) 欧洲经济共同体OEEC (Organization for European Economic Cooperation)欧洲经济合作组织NAM (the Non-Aligned Movement) 不结盟运动ANC (African National Congress) 非洲人民大会PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization)巴勒斯坦解放组织ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) 红十字国际委员会免费查询国际组织及其国际组织的英文缩写很实用ACP Group of African, Caribbean and Pacific Region Countries 非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团ADB Asian Developm ent Bank 亚洲开发银行ADB African Development Bank 非洲开发银行APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟公约AU African Union 非洲联盟BBFA Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛BIE Bureau of International Expositions 国际展览局BIS Bank for International Settlem ents 国际清算银行CCAC Codex Alimentarius Commission 食品法典委员会CDB Caribbean Developm ent Bank 加勒比开发银行CFC Common Fund for Commodities 商品共同基金CSD Commission on Sustainable Development 联合国可持续发展委员会EEBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Developm ent 欧洲复兴发展银行ECLAC UN Economic Commission for Latin America and Caribbean 联合国拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会ECOSOC UN Economic and Social Council 联合国经济和社会理事会ESCAP UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific 联合国亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会ESCWA UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia 联合国西亚经济社会委员会EU European Union 欧洲联盟GG 8 Summit Summit Group of Eight Summit 八国集团首脑会议G20 Group of T wenty 20国集团G24 Group of Twenty Four 24国集团IIADB Inter-American Development Bank 美洲开发银行/泛美开发银行IATA International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴开发银行/世界银行ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 国际民航组织ICC The International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会ICO International Coffee Organization 国际咖啡组织ICSID International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes国际投资争端解决中心IDA International Development Association 国际开发协会IDB Inter-American Development Bank 美洲开发银行IDB Islamic Development Bank 伊斯兰开发银行IEA International Energy Agency 国际能源机构IEC International Electro Technical Commission 国际电工委员会IFA International Franchise Association 国际特许经营加盟协会IFAC International Federation of Accountants 国际会计师联合会IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development 国际农业发展基金IFC International Finance Corporation 国际金融公司IGC International Grains Council 国际谷物理事会ILO International Labor Organization 国际劳工组织IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IMC International Maritime Committee 国际海事委员会IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织INBAR International Network for Bamboo and Rattan 国际竹藤组织INRO International Natural Rubber Organization 国际天然橡胶组织IOE Office International Des Epizooties 国际兽疫组织IOOC International Olive Oil Council 国际橄榄油理事会ISDB Islamic Development Bank 伊斯兰开发银行ISF International Shipping Federation 国际海运联合会ISO International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织ISO International Sugar Organization 国际糖组织ITC International Trade Centre 国际贸易中心ITCB International Textiles and Clothing Bureau 国际纺织品与服装局ITU International Telecommunication Union 国际电信联盟MMIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 多边投资担保机构NOAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries 阿拉伯石油输出国组织OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织OIE Office International Des Epizooties 世界动物卫生组织OIML International Organization for Legal Metrology 国际法定度量衡组织OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织PPBEC Pacific Basin Economic Council 太平洋盆地经济理事会PECC Pacific Economic Cooperation Council 太平洋经济合作理事会PIF Pacific Islands Forum 太平洋岛国论坛英文缩写英文全称中文全称SSCO Shanghai Cooperation Organization 上海合作组织SEAFDEC Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center 东南亚渔业开发中心SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial elecommunication 环球银行间金融电讯协会UUNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law联合国国际贸易法委员会UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易与发展会议UNDP United Nations Development Programme 联合国开发计划署UNECA UN Economic Commission for Afric 联合国非洲经济委员会UNECE UN Economic Commission for Europe 联合国欧洲经济委员会UNEP United Nations Environment Programme 联合国环境规划署UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业发展组织UNIDROIT International Institute for the Unification of Private Law 国际统一私法协会WWAIPA World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies 世界投资促进机构协会WASME Association for Small and Medium Enterprises 世界中小企业协会WB World Bank 世界银行WCO World Customs Organization 世界海关组织WEC World Energy Council 世界能源理事会WFC World Food Council 世界粮食理事会WFDSA World Federation of Direct Selling Associations 世界直销协会联盟WFP World Food Programme 世界粮食计划署WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组织WTCA World Trade Center Association 世界贸易中心协会WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织WTO-OMT World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织。
高二联合国知识点英语单词
高二联合国知识点英语单词在高二学习阶段，英语词汇扩充是学生提高听说读写能力的重要环节，而联合国是全球政治、经济和社会发展的重要组织，对于学生来说，了解与联合国相关的英语单词是非常必要的。
本文将就高二阶段与联合国相关的知识点英语单词进行探讨。
1. United Nations（联合国）United Nations是联合国的意思，这个词汇是高二英语学习中的核心内容，学生需要了解它的发音及拼写。
2. General Assembly（大会）General Assembly是联合国最高权力机构，每年在纽约召开一次。
学生需要了解这个词汇，可用于描述联合国大会的重要性。
3. Security Council（安全理事会）Security Council是联合国的核心机构之一，负责维护国际和平与安全。
学生需要了解这个词汇，并理解安全理事会的职责。
4. Secretary-General（秘书长）Secretary-General是联合国秘书长的意思，他是联合国的行政负责人。
学生需要了解这个词汇，并了解秘书长在联合国中的作用。
5. United Nations Development Programme（联合国开发计划署）United Nations Development Programme是联合国开发计划署的简称，负责协助发展中国家的可持续发展。
学生需要了解这个词汇，并了解开发计划署在联合国中的角色。
6. United Nations Children's Fund（联合国儿童基金会）United Nations Children's Fund是联合国儿童基金会的简称，致力于保护儿童权益和福利。
学生需要了解这个词汇，并了解儿童基金会在联合国中的使命。
7. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization （联合国教科文组织）United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization是联合国教科文组织的简称，致力于保护和推广全球的教育、科学和文化。
联合国简介英文
AND FOR THESE ENDS to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples,
António Guterres and President Xi
General Assembly
The United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
Wang Yuan on ECOSOC Youth Forum 2017
WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS DETERMINED to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
介绍联合国的英语作文
介绍联合国的英语作文English:The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 after World War II to promote peace, security, and cooperation among countries. It consists of 193 member states and works through various specialized agencies, programs, and bodies to address global issues such as poverty, human rights violations, climate change, and conflict resolution. The UN operates based on the principles of sovereign equality, territorial integrity, and non-interference in the internal affairs of its member states. Its main bodies include the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Secretariat, and International Court of Justice. The UN also has specialized agencies like the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) that focus on specific areas of global concern. Overall, the UN plays a crucial role in promoting international cooperation, peacekeeping, and development around the world.中文翻译:联合国(United Nations, UN)是一个于1945年第二次世界大战后成立的国际组织，旨在促进各国之间的和平、安全和合作。
联合国介绍(英文版)
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 t o promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations,(国际联盟) the organization was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The UN Headquarters （总部）is situated in Manhattan, New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict.1.On 25 April 1945, the UN Conference on International Organization began in San Francisco, attended by 50 governments and a number of non-governmental organizations involved in drafting the United Nations Charter. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945 upon ratification of the Charter by the five then-permanent members of the Security Council—France, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the UK and the US—and by a majority of the other 46 signatories.The first meetings of the General Assembly, with 51 nations represented, and the Security Council took place in Methodist Central Hall Westminster in London beginning 6 January 1946. The General Assembly selected New York City as the site for United Nations Headquarters, and the facility was completed in 1952. Its site—like UN headquarters buildings in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi—is designated as international territory.The Norwegian Foreign Minister, Trygve Lie, was elected as the first UN Secretary-General.1945年4月25日，联合国国际组织会议在旧金山召开，50国政府及诸多非政府机构参与并起草了《联合国宪章》。
介绍联合国的英语作文
介绍联合国的英语作文The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945, with the aim of promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations. It serves as a platform for dialogue and action on global issues, from climate change to human rights.The UN is composed of 193 member states, each with a voice in the General Assembly, where they discuss and vote on matters of international concern. The Security Council, with its five permanent members, plays a crucial role in maintaining global peace and security.One of the UN's most significant achievements is the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of 17 targets aimed at ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring prosperity for all by 2030. These goals guide the efforts of countries worldwide towards a more sustainable future.The UN also plays a vital role in humanitarian aid, providing support to millions of people affected by conflict, natural disasters, and other crises. Through its various agencies, such as UNICEF and the World Food Programme, the UN delivers essential services like healthcare, education, and food security.Despite its successes, the UN faces challenges, including the need for greater efficiency and the balancing of poweramong member states. However, its commitment to peace and global cooperation remains a beacon of hope for a better world.In conclusion, the United Nations is a vital institution in the global community, working tirelessly to address pressing issues and promote a more just and equitable world for all. Its ongoing efforts are a testament to the power of international cooperation and the potential for positive change.。
介绍联合国的英语作文6句话
介绍联合国的英语作文6句话The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 after the end of World War II. It is currently made up of 193 Member States and aims to maintain international peace and security, promote human rights, foster social and economic development, and provide humanitarian aid in times of crisis. The UN is a crucial player in global politics, and its work impacts the lives of people around the world. In this essay, we will explore the historical background of the UN, analyze different perspectives on its effectiveness, and evaluate its benefits and drawbacks.The UN was established in the aftermath of World War II, with the primary goal of preventing another global conflict. Its predecessor, the League of Nations, had failed to prevent the outbreak of the war, leading to the belief that a new, stronger organization was needed to maintain peace and security. The UN Charter was signed on June 26, 1945, by 50 countries, and officially came into existence on October 24, 1945. Since then, the UN has played a crucial role in preventing conflicts, providing humanitarian assistance, and promoting human rights around the world.One of the most significant historical developments within the UN was the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. This document, adopted by the UN General Assembly, set out fundamental human rights to be universally protected. It has since served as a foundation for international human rights law and has been instrumental in shaping global attitudes towards human rights. The UN has also been involved in numerous peacekeeping missions, such as in Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and South Sudan, demonstratingits commitment to maintaining international peace and security.Despite its noble intentions, the UN has faced criticism and skepticism from various quarters. Some argue that the organization is too bureaucratic and slow to respond to crises, citing instances such as the Rwandan genocide and the conflict in Syria as examples of the UN's failure to act decisively. Additionally, the UN'sstructure, with its five permanent members of the Security Council holding veto power, has been criticized for being undemocratic and unrepresentative of the global community. These criticisms have led to calls for reform within the UN to make it more effective and accountable.On the other hand, supporters of the UN argue that it has been instrumental in promoting global cooperation and fostering dialogue between nations. The UN's various specialized agencies, such as the World Health Organization and UNICEF, have made significant contributions to global development and public health. Additionally, the UN's role in coordinating humanitarian aid in times of crisis, such as natural disasters and conflicts, has been widely praised. The UN's efforts to combat climate change and promote sustainable development through initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals have also been lauded as crucial steps towards a more equitable and sustainable world.To illustrate the UN's impact, we can look at the case of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), which provides protection and assistance to millions of refugees and internally displaced persons around the world. In 2020, the UNHCR reportedthat it had assisted over 80 million people, including 26 million refugees, inover 130 countries. This demonstrates the UN's crucial role in providing humanitarian aid to some of the most vulnerable populations globally.Despite its achievements, the UN faces significant challenges and limitations. The organization's reliance on member states for funding and resources can lead to political influence and power struggles, affecting its ability to actindependently and impartially. Additionally, the UN's inability to prevent or resolve protracted conflicts, such as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, has raised questions about its effectiveness in maintaining international peace and security. The UN's peacekeeping missions have also faced allegations of misconduct and abuse, tarnishing its reputation and credibility.In conclusion, the United Nations is a complex and multifaceted organization that has played a crucial role in shaping global politics and addressinginternational challenges. While it has made significant contributions to peace, security, and development, the UN also faces criticism and limitations that need to be addressed. Moving forward, it is essential for the UN to continue evolving and adapting to the changing global landscape, ensuring that it remains relevant and effective in addressing the world's most pressing issues. This may require reforms to its structure and operations, as well as a renewed commitment to upholding its founding principles of peace, human rights, and sustainable development. Only by doing so can the UN fulfill its mandate and truly become a force for positive change in the world.。
关于联合国英文ppt
United Nations Headquarters in New York City The UN has 4 main purposes To keep peace throughout the world; To develop friendly relations among nations; To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other’s rights and freedoms; To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals.
For the future, the UN has established what it calls its Millennium Devቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱlopment Goals. Most of its member states and various international organizations have all agreed to achieve these goals relating to reducing poverty, child mortality, fighting diseases and epidemics, and developing a global partnership in terms of international development by 2015
Development Cooperation Forum The objective of the DCF is to enhance the coherence and effectiveness of activities of different development partners. By reviewing trends and progress in international development cooperation, the Forum is to provide policy guidance and recommendations to improve the quality and impact of development cooperation.
联合国介绍(英文版)
The United Nations(UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations,(国际联盟) the organization was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51member states; there are now 193. The UN Headquarters（总部）is situated in Manhattan,New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situatedin Geneva,Nairobi and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict.1.On 25 April 1945, the UN Conference on International Organization began in San Francisco, attended by 50 governments and a number of non-governmental organizations involved in drafting the United Nations Charter. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945 upon ratification of the Charter by the five then-permanent members of the Security Council—France, the Republic of China, the Soviet Union, the UK and the US—and by a majority of the other 46 signatories.The first meetings of the General Assembly, with 51 nations represented, and the Security Council took place in Methodist Central Hall Westminster in London beginning 6 January 1946. The General Assembly selected New York City as the site for United Nations Headquarters, and the facility was completed in 1952. Its site—like UN headquarters buildings in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi—is designated as international territory.The Norwegian Foreign Minister, Trygve Lie, was elected as the first UN Secretary-General.1945年4月25日，联合国国际组织会议在旧金山召开，50国政府及诸多非政府机构参与并起草了《联合国宪章》。
联合国详细介绍34页
New York
Vienna
Geneva
The Official Languages
The six official languages of the United Nations, used in intergovernmental meetings and documents, are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.[2] The Secretariat uses two working languages, English and French.
The Locations
Four of the five principal organs are located at the main United Nations Headquarters located on international territory in New York City. The International Court of Justice is located in The Hague（海牙）, while other major agencies are based in the UN offices at Geneva, （日内瓦）, Vienna（维也纳）, and Nairobi （内罗比，肯尼亚首都 ）.Other UN institutions are located throughout the world.
Welcome to the United Nations
Flag and Emblem
Flag of the United Nations
Emblem（会徽） of the United Nations
UnitedNations联合国英文简介
United NationsThe United Nations UN is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193.The UN Headquartersis situated inManhattan, New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.Its objectives includemaintaining international peace and security,promoting human rights,fostering social and economic development,protecting the environment,providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict.联合国之宗旨为：一、维持国际和平及安全；并为此目的：采取有效集体办法,以防止且消除对于和平之威胁,制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏；并以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则,调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情势;二、发展国际间以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之友好关系,并采取其他适当办法,以增强普遍和平;三、促成国际合作,以解决国际间属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质之国际问题,且不分种族、性别、语言或宗教,增进并激励对于全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重;四、构成一协调各国行动之中心,以达成上述共同目的;一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则;二、各会员国应一秉善意,履行其依本宪章所担负之义务,以保证全体会员国由加入本组织而发生之权益;三、各会员国应以和平方法解决其国际争端,俾免危及国际和平、安全及正义;四、各会员国在其国际关系上不得使用威胁或武力,或以与联合国宗旨不符之任何其他方法,侵害任何会员国或国家之领土完整或政治独立;五、各会员国对于联合国依本宪章规定而采取之行动,应尽力予以协助,联合国对于任何国家正在采取防止或执行行动时,各会员国对该国不得给予协助;六、本组织在维持国际和平及安全之必要范围内,应保证非联合国会员国遵行上述原则;七、本宪章不得认为授权联合国干涉在本质上属于任何国家国内管辖之事件,且并不要求会员国将该项事件依本宪章提请解决；但此项原则不妨碍第七章内执行办法之适用;The UN has six principal organs:the General Assembly the main deliberative assembly;the Security Council for deciding certain resolutions for peace and security; the Economic and Social CouncilECOSOC for promoting international economic and social co-operation and development;the Secretariat for providing studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN; the International Court of Justice the primary judicial organ;the United Nations Trusteeship Council inactive since 1994.UN System agencies include the World Bank Group, the World Health Organization, the World Food Programme, UNESCO, and UNICEF.The UN's most prominent officer is the Secretary-General, an office held by South Korean Ban Ki-moon since 2007. Non-governmental organizations may be granted consultative status with ECOSOC and other agencies to participate in the UN's work.大会、安全理事会、经济及社会理事会、托管理事会、国际法院、及秘书处;Four of the five principal organs are located at the main UN Headquarters in New York City.The International Court of Justice is located in The Hague海牙The six official languages of the United Nations, used in intergovernmental meetings and documents, are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.联合国英文缩写：UN是一个由主权国家组成的国际组织,致力于促进各国在国际法、国际安全、经济发展、社会进步、人权、公民自由、政治自由、民主及实现持久方面的合作;联合国成立于结束后的1945年,用以取代,去阻止战争并为各国提供对话平台;联合国下设了许多附属机构以实现其宗旨;到2012年为止,联合国共,包括除以外所有得到的不包括、、、、等;在联合国遍及世界的办事处中,联合国及其专门机构通过全年举行定期会议来决定实体和行政议题;联合国由六大主要机构组成：主要的、以决定对和平与安全的某些决议、以协助促进国际经济和社会的合作和发展、为联合国提供所需的研究、资讯和设施、主要的司法机构以及当前不活跃;其他重要的还有、和;联合国的行政首长是,当前由担任;联合国的经费由会员国分摊和自愿捐赠;联合国有6种官方语文,分别为：、、、、、;背景和建立在联合国建立的之前一个世纪,为了规制国家之间的冲突,许多国际协约组织和会议被建立起来,例如和;在的惨痛损失之后,宣布建立以保证国家间的和谐相处;这一组织解决了一些领土争端,并在一些领域建立了国际架构,例如邮政、航空、鸦片控制等,其中一些后来被吸纳进了联合国的体系中;然而国际联盟对于殖民地当时占世界人口的一半的代表权不够,并且诸如美国、苏联、德国和日本在内的列强参与度亦不足；它没能阻止1931年日本对满洲的入侵,1935年的,1937年,德国在领导下的扩张,以及最终导致的;创立一个新的世界性组织的最初完整构想可以追溯至1939年的;美国总统首先使用了“联合国”一词,用于描述;1942年1月1日,26国政府签订,联合国一词得到首次正式使用;1945年4月25日,在旧金山召开,50国政府及诸多非政府机构参与并起草了;1945年10月24日,当时的安理会五大常任理事国法国、中华民国、苏联、英国和美国及多数其他签署国46国共同批准了宪章,联合国正式宣告成立;1946年1月6日,联合国大会第一次会议51个国家代表出席以及安理会在英国伦敦的举行;大会选定纽约作为,其设施于1952年完工;联合国总部同联合国在、和的总部一样,被指定为国际领土;同时,大会还选举了挪威外相为第一任联合国秘书长联合国大会是联合国的主要合议性团体,包括,每年定期举行会议,但紧急会议亦可以召开;大会由一位由成员国中产生,根据区域进行轮换和21位副主席主持;第一次会议于1946年1月10日在伦敦西敏卫理公会中央礼堂召开,有51个国家的代表参会;大会对于重要问题的投票需要到场且投票的三分之二多数才能通过;重要问题的例子包括关于和平和安全的建议、主要机构的选举、接纳、暂停和开除会员,以及预算事宜;其他问题则由简单多数决定;每个国家只有一票;除预算事项外,通过的决议对于会员没有约束力;大会可以对联合国范围内的一切事项提出建议,但关于和平和安全的事项则属安全理事会考量;决议草案由八个委员会进行讨论之后交付大会审议;这八个委员会分别是：•总务委员会–监督委员会,由大会主席、副主席和委员会主席组成•全权证书委员会–负责确定各会员国代表的全权证书•第一委员会裁军与国际安全•第二委员会经济和金融•第三委员会社会、人道主义和文化•第四委员会特殊政治和非殖民化•第五委员会行政和预算•第六委员会法务安全理事会的职责是维护国家之间的和平与安全;联合国的其他主要机构只有对会员国提出“建议”的权利,而安理会则有权提出具有强制性的决议,在宪章第二十五条规定下,会员国必须接受并履行;安理会的决议被称为;安理会由15个会员国组成,其中包括5个常任理事国——中国、法国、俄罗斯、英国和美国——以及10个非常任理事国——阿根廷2014年任期结束、澳大利亚2014年、乍得2015年、智利2015年、约旦2015年、立陶宛2015年、卢森堡2015年、尼日利亚2015年、韩国2015年及卢旺达2015年;其中五个常任理事国对于联合国决议具有,因此常任理事国能够阻止一项决议的通过,但无法阻止讨论;十个非常任理事国任期两年,根据原则由大会从成员国中选出;安理会的主席每个月根据字母顺序进行轮换;联合国秘书处由主持,由来自全球的公务人员协助运作;它为联合国机构召开的会议提供研究、信息和设施,并根据安理会、大会、经社理事会和其他机构的指示进行工作;现任秘书长在事实上是联合国的发言人和领导人;根据联合国宪章,这一职位是这一组织的“行政首长”;宪章第九十九条规定秘书长可将“其认为可能威胁国际和平及安全之任何事件”提请安理会注意,之后的秘书长将之解读为为这一职位提供了在全球范围推动行动的机会;秘书长一职已经发展成为联合国管理者和会员国间争端及国际问题的调停者两项职责的结合;秘书长在安理会具有否决权进行推荐之后由大会进行任命;这一职责没有具体的要求,但如今已形成惯例应有一至两个五年任期,应根据地区轮转任命,且不应来自安理会五大常任理事国;现任秘书长为,他在2007年接替了,并在此后获得连任,将于2016年年底结束任期;国际法院ICJ位于荷兰海牙,是联合国的主要司法机构,于1945年根据联合国宪章建立起来,并在1946年作为的继承者开始运行;国际法院由15名法官组成,法官任期9年,由大会任命,必须来自不同的国家;国际法院的所在地是海牙的,与私立国际法研究中心共享一座建筑;它的主要目的是对国家之间的争端进行裁决;法院开庭审理过战争罪行、非法国家干涉、种族清洗以及其他一些事宜;其他联合国机构可以请求国际法院提供司法建议;联合国经济及社会理事会ECOSOC在推动国际经济和社会合作及发展方面对大会进行协助;经社理事会有54个成员国,由大会选出,任期三年;主席同样选举产生,任期一年,来自经社理事会中中等或较小的成员国;理事会每年7月召开一次会议,会议地点在纽约或是日内瓦;它的主要职责是收集信息、为会员国提供建议,与专门机构进行协调并提供建议;由于协调机构的职责较为宽泛,因此经社理事会时常被批评为不够集中及无关痛痒;经社理事会的下属机构包括联合国土著问题常设论坛为联合国机构就问题提供建议、联合国森林论坛协调和推广可持续森林管理、联合国统计委员会协调各机构间的信息收集以及可持续发展委员会协调联合国机构及非政府组织推动;经社理事会同时还为非政府组织提供顾问权,至2004年,已经有超过2,200个组织获得了顾问地位;联合国机构通过两种方式取得经费：成员国的与;联合国及其机构两年一度的来自各成员国的会费;联合国大会审查联合国的经费,并确定各国应付的会费款额;各国的会费主要是依照各国的经济实力以及其他一些因素来决定的;会费由经常性预算、维和费用和费用三部分组成;联合国的特别专案不在常规经费预算之内,这些专案是通过成员国的捐款来运作的;捐款的很大部分是为所需要国家提供农产品,但主要还是资金的支援;联合国大会确立的原则是,联合国不应该在经费上过度倚赖任何国家;为此每财政年度联合国的会费设有“封顶”价格,规定各成员国所付会费的最高价;2000年协定的部分规定,单个会员国的会费占经常性财政预算最高额度从原先的25%降低到22%,目前这是承担的经费额度,而其他所有成员国的会费则更低,下限为0．001％;联合国缴纳比例每三年修改一次,会费比额编制方法的制定依据支付能力、同时给予人均国民收入低的国家适当宽减的原则;2010年至2012年,每年的会费总额约25亿美元;联合国宪章第十九条规定：凡拖欠本组织财政款项之会员国,其拖欠数目如等于或超过前两年所应缴纳之数目时,即丧失其在大会投票权;大会如认拖欠原因,确由于该会员国无法控制之情形者,得准许该会员国投票;自联合国成立以来,一直是向联合国提供最多经费的国家,同时也是拖欠会费次数最多、金额最大的国家;近年来比较明显的变化有：的会费比额从2000年的%降为2013年的%；则从2000年的%上升为2013年的%2013年缴纳约1亿3119万美元;2011年11月1日,获准加入,作为对此事的“回应”,美国、中止向联合国教科文组织缴纳会费;2013年11月9日,美国、以色列等5个国家因为拖欠联合国教科文组织会费,丧失了在联合国教科文组织的投票权;军事制裁结束之后,联合国开始在国际安全、维持和平等方面扮演较为积极的角色；近年来维持和平任务简称“”的派遣频率以及规模不断突破历史新高,相关费用也已成为该组织财务支出的最大宗;然而受限于“国家”仍为国际舞台上最主要行为者的现实环境,联合国对于强国的行为仍无力约束,一些与强国利益没有直接相关的事务,也难以动员各国参与落实联合国的决议;例如：1990年代在,以及2007年南部发生的惨案,联合国均无法做出立即而有效的处置;2003年美国绕开联合国的议事程式,片面决定出兵攻打,严重威胁联合国权威,但是安理会只能事后追认;2006年军队进攻南部,原驻该地的未能发挥作用,安理会通过决议要求停火,亦未能立即落实;对于、、等国家进行试爆的行为,安理会均决议反对,但是、还是事实上拥有的国家;2009年以色列军队进攻地区,并攻击联合国该驻地设施与人员,安理会亦未能立即而有效的处置;否决权部分人士认为大国所拥有的有可能被滥用;例如在时期,和之间的政治冲突,以及近年来许多国际事件在欧美与中俄的立场迥异,动用否决权的使用上,即表现得十分明显;特别是在安理会中,五大享有的否决权,被美国和苏联多次运用;中华民国重返联合国问题主条目：关于重新加入联合国问题,不同政治立场人士对此存在争议,由于牵扯到复杂和争议的而无法取得共识;中华民国方面观点中华民国是一个实际主权独立的国家,且主权与治权从未及于台澎金马中华民国目前实际统治之领土,不能代表2300万人民,故而中华民国长年争取;中华人民共和国方面观点世界上只有,台湾是中国的一部分,中华民国已于1949年灭亡;中华人民共和国政府于1971年根据即取代中华民国在联合国的中国席位与一切权力,是代表中国的唯一合法政府,故中华人民共和国所行使之中国代表权自然包含台湾等地区,联合国不应允许中华民国返联;。
联合国简介（英文）
联合国简介（英文）联合国The United Nations was born out of the ashes of World War II and the failures of its predecessor, the League of Nations.At a conference in San Francisco in 1945, the organization’s charter was drawn up, seeking to foster a more peaceful world and promote and develop human rights.President Harry Truman told delegates there were many who doubted they could succeed because of their differences.But these differences were all forgotten in one unshakable unity of determination to find a way to end war.That October, the United Nations was officially established after 29 of its first 50 member states ratified the charter. Today, there are 193 member states.Michael Doyle, a former advisor to Secretary-General Kofi Annan, says the organization got off to a rocky start.During the Cold War, the split between the Soviet Union and the U.S. created an institution that was at loggerheads with itself. It could only work in the margins in peacekeeping, and those particular conflicts where the U.S. and Soviets wanted to take it off their own rivalry and let it work on the side.U.N. peacekeeping was born during this period. Growing from a couple thousand “blue helmets” addressing the S uez Crisis in 1956, to more than 100,000 soldiers and police today, peacekeepers protect civilians and aid workers in some of the world’s most dangerous trouble spots.un.jpgThe U.N. also delivers humanitarian assistance to victims of war and disasters, and tries to prevent and resolve conflicts. Morerecently, it has taken on climate change and eradicating extreme poverty.The world is changing and the U.N. has to change and adapt with it. We cannot be static.Eight men have led the U.N. since 1945. Next year, a new secretary-general will be elected. Many say it is time for a woman.There also are calls for organizational reform, particularly in the Security Council, where five countries hold veto power.The one thing everyone can agree about is that the Security Council, as it was framed in 1945, no longer represents the power structure of the year 2015.Doyle says emerging powers want a seat at the table, and elected council members want more respect.The absence of a larger role of India, of Brazil, of Japan, of Germany and one could go on is significant. There are times at which the elected 10 feel like, as they call themselves, tourists rather than players.To stay relevant the U.N must evolve.However, unless there are some major shakeups, some major structural reforms, that the institution will become more and more marginal, it will become more of a historical relic.But many observers agree it is difficult to imagine today’s world without the United Nations.。
世界各大组织的英文缩写
世界各大组织的英文缩写UN ( the United Nations) 联合国FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (联合国)粮食及农业组织UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 联合国教科文组织UNCF (United Nations Children's Fund,其前身是United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) 联合国儿童基金会UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)联合国工业发展组织UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)联合国开发计划署UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)联合国环境署UNCDF(United Nations Capital Development Fund)联合国资本开发基金会UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议WHO (World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织WMO (World Meteorological Organization) 世界气象组织WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关税及贸易组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)世界知识产权组织WPC (World Peace Council) 世界和平理事会ILO (International Labour Organization) 国际劳工组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织IOC (International Olympic Committee) 国际奥林匹克委员会UPU (Universal Postal Union) 万国邮政联盟ITU (International Telecommunication Union) 国际电信联盟IFC(International Finance Corporation) 国际金融公司IMO (International Maritime Organization) 国际海事组织ISO (International Standard Organization) 国际标准化组织ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) 国际民用航空组织IDA (International Development Association) 国际开发协会IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) 国际农业发展基金会IOJ (International Organization of Journalists) 国际新闻工作者协会ICC(International Chamber of Commerce)国际商会UEA(Universal Esperanto Association)国际世界语协会INTELSAT (International telecommunications Satellitic)国际通信卫星机构IRTO (International Radio and Television Organization)国际广播电视组织IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 国际原子能机构NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)石油输出国组织ACP Group of African, Caribbean and Pacific Region Countries 非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团ADB Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行ADB African Development Bank 非洲开发银行APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟公约AU African Union 非洲联盟BFA Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛BIE Bureau of International Expositions 国际展览局BIS Bank for International Settlements 国际清算银行CAC Codex Alimentarius Commission 食品法典委员会CDB Caribbean Development Bank 加勒比开发银行CFC Common Fund for Commodities 商品共同基金CSD Commission on Sustainable Development 联合国可持续发展委员会EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 欧洲复兴发展银行ECLAC UN Economic Commission for Latin America and Caribbean 联合国拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会ECOSOC UN Economic and Social Council 联合国经济和社会理事会ESCAP UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific 联合国亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会ESCWA UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia 联合国西亚经济社会委员会EU European Union 欧洲联盟G 8 Summit Summit Group of Eight Summit八国集团首脑会议G20 Group of Twenty 20国集团G24 Group of Twenty Four 24国集团IADB Inter-American Development Bank 美洲开发银行/泛美开发银行IATA International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development国际复兴开发银行/世界银行ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 国际民航组织ICC The International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会ICO International Coffee Organization 国际咖啡组织ICSID International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes国际投资争端解决中心IDA International Development Association 国际开发协会IDB Inter-American Development Bank 美洲开发银行IDB Islamic Development Bank 伊斯兰开发银行IEA International Energy Agency 国际能源机构IEC International Electro Technical Commission 国际电工委员会IFA International Franchise Association 国际特许经营加盟协会IFAC International Federation of Accountants 国际会计师联合会IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development 国际农业发展基金IFC International Finance Corporation 国际金融公司IGC International Grains Council 国际谷物理事会ILO International Labor Organization 国际劳工组织IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IMC International Maritime Committee 国际海事委员会IMO International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织INBAR International Network for Bamboo and Rattan 国际竹藤组织INRO International Natural Rubber Organization 国际天然橡胶组织IOE Office International Des Epizooties 国际兽疫组织IOOC International Olive Oil Council国际橄榄油理事会ISDB Islamic Development Bank 伊斯兰开发银行ISF International Shipping Federation 国际海运联合会ISO International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织ISO International Sugar Organization 国际糖组织ITC International Trade Centre 国际贸易中心ITCB International Textiles and Clothing Bureau 国际纺织品与服装局ITU International Telecommunication Union 国际电信联盟MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 多边投资担保机构OAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries 阿拉伯石油输出国组织OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织OIE Office International Des Epizooties 世界动物卫生组织OIML International Organization for Legal Metrology 国际法定度量衡组织OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织PBEC Pacific Basin Economic Council 太平洋盆地经济理事会PECC Pacific Economic Cooperation Council 太平洋经济合作理事会PIF Pacific Islands Forum 太平洋岛国论坛UN ( United Nations) 联合国UN General Assembly 联合国大会简称联大UNSC（Security Council）联合国安全理事会FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (联合国)粮食及农业组织UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 联合国教科文组织UNCF (United Nations Children's Fund,其前身是United Nations International Children'sEmergency Fund《UNICEF》) 联合国儿童基金会UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)联合国工业发展组织UNDP(United Nations Development Programme)联合国开发计划署UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)联合国环境署UNCDF(United Nations Capital Development Fund)联合国资本开发基金会UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议WHO (World Health Organization) 世界卫生组织WMO (World Meteorological Organization) 世界气象组织WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关税及贸易组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)世界知识产权组织WPC (World Peace Council) 世界和平理事会ILO (International Labour Organization) 国际劳工组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织IOC (International Olympic Committee) 国际奥林匹克委员会IPC (International Paralympic Committee) 国际残疾人奥林匹克委员会UPU (Universal Postal Union) 万国邮政联盟ITU (International Telecommunication Union) 国际电信联盟IFC(International Finance Corporation) 国际金融公司IMO (International Maritime Organization) 国际海事组织ISO (International Standard Organization) 国际标准化组织ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) 国际民用航空组织IDA (International Development Association) 国际开发协会IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) 国际农业发展基金会IOJ (International Organization of Journalists) 国际新闻工作者协会ICC(International Chamber of Commerce)国际商会UEA(Universal Esperanto Association)国际世界语协会INTELSAT (International telecommunications Satellitic)国际通信卫星机构IRTO (International Radio and Television Organization)国际广播电视组织IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 国际原子能机构NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 石油输出国组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)经济合作与发展组织CMEA(Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)经济互助委员会(经互会)APEC (Asia and Pacific Economic Cooperation) 亚洲太平洋经济合作组织ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)东南亚国家联盟OAU (Organization of African Unity) 非洲统一组织OIC (Organization of the Islamic Conference) 伊斯兰会议组织CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) 独立国家联合体EU (European Union) 欧洲联盟IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union) 各国议会联盟OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe)欧洲安全与合作组织EEC (European Economic Communities) 欧洲经济共同体OEEC (Organization for European Economic Cooperation)欧洲经济合作组织NAM (the Non-Aligned Movement) 不结盟运动ANC (African National Congress) 非洲人民大会PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization)巴勒斯坦解放组织ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) 红十字国际委员会NASA（National Aeronautics and Space Administration）美国航天太空总署NMD(National Missile Defense)国家导弹防御系统WB （World Bank ）世界银行ADB （Asian Development Bank）亚洲开发银行EAC (East African Community) 东非共同体SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organization 上海合作组织SEAFDEC Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center 东南亚渔业开发中心SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial elecommunication 环球银行间金融电讯协会UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law 联合国国际贸易法委员会UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易与发展会议UNDP United Nations Development Programme 联合国开发计划署UNECA UN Economic Commission for Africa 联合国非洲经济委员会UNECE UN Economic Commission for Europe 联合国欧洲经济委员会UNEP United Nations Environment Programme 联合国环境规划署UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业发展组织UNIDROIT International Institute for the Unification of Private Law 国际统一私法协会WAIPA World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies 世界投资促进机构协会WASME Association for Small and Medium Enterprises 世界中小企业协会WB World Bank 世界银行WCO World Customs Organization 世界海关组织WEC World Energy Council 世界能源理事会WFC World Food Council 世界粮食理事会WFDSA World Federation of Direct Selling Associations 世界直销协会联盟WFP World Food Program me 世界粮食计划署WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组织WTCA World Trade Center Association 世界贸易中心协会WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织WTO-OMT World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织。
双语科普：联合国及其六个主要机关
双语科普：联合国及其六个主要机关
联合国是一个国际性组织，于1945年成立，现有会员国193个。
联合国的宗旨和工作以《联合国宪章》中规定的机构目标和原则为出发点。
联合国有六个主要机关：大会、安全理事会、经济及社会理事会、托管理事会、国际法院和秘书处，均设立于1945年联合国成立之时。
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. It is currently made up of 193 Member States. The mission and work of the United Nations are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter. The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established in 1945 when the UN was founded.。
the_UN联合国英语
“What do the countries of the UN want to do?”
The countries of the UN want to bring peace to the world __________________________________.
Q1: What’s the present from China to the UN?
all around the world Q1: There are flags from_________________.
There are flags from all around the world.
There are flags from _____countries.
one hundred and ninety-three
Very well-known
• 4. Economic and Social Council • 5. Trusteeship Council • 6. International Court of Justice
Not so wellknown
General Assembly
• “world parliament ” • One seat and one vote
It’s a train.
成昆铁路是98人用8根象牙雕刻而成， 花 了两年多时间，象牙雕象征着“人定胜天”。
Let’s know more about the UN.
China gave the present to the UN in 1974.
The UN was founded(成立) in 1945.
Security Council
• Much smaller than GA • 5 are permanent • 15 members • 10 are nonpermanent • (have seat for 2 Years) •
联合国
编辑本段|回到顶部联合国［English］United Nations (UN)［Français］Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU / Nations Unies)［中文］联合国［Español］Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU / Naciones Unidas)［Русский］ОрганизацияОбъединенныхНаций (ООН)يبرع［مملأاةدحتملا］编辑本段|回到顶部概况联合国秘书长：潘基文（1944年6月13日出生于韩国，前大韩民国外交通商部长官）联合国是一个统一的世界性综合性的政府间国际组织，现有192个会员国。
成立日期：1945年10月24日；工作语言：阿拉伯语、汉语、英语、法语、俄语、西班牙语；联合国大会总部所在地：美国纽约、瑞士日内瓦、奥地利维也纳；主要出版物：《联合国记事》(U.N.Chronicle) 季刊，用中、英、法、西、俄和阿拉伯六种文字发行。
《联合国年鉴》(Year book of the United Nations) ；官方网站：/ ；地位：联合国作为当今世界最大、最重要、最具代表性和权威的国际组织，其国际集体安全机制的功能已经得到国际社会的普遍认可；作用：近年来，联合国在维护世界和平，缓和国际紧张局势，解决地区冲突方面。
在协调国际经济关系，促进世界各国经济、科学、文化的合作与交流方面，都发挥着积极作用。
编辑本段|回到顶部诞生一、康德等人的“联合国”思想伊曼努尔·康德在《永久和平论》中主张：人类社会要走向永久和平；首先，每一个国家都要成为共和制；然后，由这些共和国再订立世界公民法，达成一个自由国家联盟。
二、国际法、国际组织及国际联盟的出现和实践三、第二次世界大战和“联合国”概念的提出1941年12月7日，日本偷袭美国太平洋海军基地——珍珠港，使美国海军蒙受重大损失。
联合国组织 An United Nations Organisation 英语作文
An United NationsOrganisationThe United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945, to promote international co-operation. During the Second World War, the need for an agency that could act as a successor to the League of Nations was felt and so, the United Nations Charter was drafted at a conference in April-June 1945. This charter came into effect on 24 October 1945, and the UN began its operations.In addition to maintaining peace and security, the United Nations ambit includes other important objectives like developing friendly relations among countries based on respect for the principles of equal rights and self-determination of people achieving worldwide cooperation to solve international economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems; respecting and promoting human rights; and serving as a centre where countries can coordinate their actions and activities toward these various ends.The general purpose of the United Nations was in homogeneity with that of the League of Nations. Its structure and functions too are in congruity with its predecessor. Same goes with its principal organs and related agencies. In some respects, however, the UN constituted a very different organization, especially with regard to its objective of maintaining international peace and security and its commitment to economic and social development.The UN’s mission to preserve world peace was convoluted in its early decades by the presenceof Cold War between the US and Soviet Union and their respective allies. The organization participated in major actions in Korea and Congo as well as approving the creation of the state of Israel in 1947. The organization’s membership grew significantly following widespread decolonization in the 1960s, and by the 1970s its budget for economic and social development programmes far outstripped its exenditure on peacekeeping. After the end of the Cold War, the UN took on major military and peacekeeping missions across the world with varying degrees of success.Post Cold war, there was a radical expansion in the UN’s peacekeeping operation execution. Also, the body witnessed immense growth and garnered more members than it had earlier. Today, the United Nations is a name familiar to all. In order to handle the complex task of getting its member states to cooperate most efficiently, it is divided into five branches. The first is the UN General Assembly. This is the main decision-making and representative assembly in the UN and is responsible for upholding the principles of the UN through its policies and recommendations. It is composed of all member states, is headed by a president elected from themember states, and meets from September to December each year.The UN Security Council is another branch in the organization of the UN and is the most powerful of all the branches. It has power to authorize the deployment of the member states militaries, can mandate a cease-fire during conflicts, and can enforce penalties on countries if they do not comply with the given mandates. It is composed of five permanent members and ten rotating members.The next branch of the UN is the International Court of Justice, located in The Hague,Netherlands. This branch is responsible for the judicial matters of the UN. The Economic and Social Council is a branch that assists the General Assembly in promoting economic and social development as well as cooperation of member states. Finally, the Secretariat is the branch of UN headed by the Secretary General. Its main responsibility is providing studies, information, and other data when needed by other UN branches for their meetings. Today there are 193 nations which are members of the United Nations. Though the UN does not maintain its own military, it does have peacekeeping forces which are supplied by itsmember states. On approval of the UN Security Council, these peacekeepers are often sent to regions where armed conflict has recently ended to discourage combatants from resuming fighting. In 1988, the peacekeeping force won a Nobel Peace Prize for its actions.In addition to maintaining peace, The UN also safeguards the human rights of people and extends humanitarian assistance and cooperation whenever needed, the UN currently provides technical assistance in elections, helps to improve judicial structures and draft constitutions, trains human rights officials, andprovides food, drinking water, shelter, and other humanitarian services to people displaced by famine, war, and natural disaster.Finally, the UN aids significantly in social and economic development through its UN Development programme. This is the largest source of technical grant assistance in the world. In addition, the World Health Organization, UNAIDS, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the UN Population Fund, and the World Bank Group to name a few, play an essential role in this aspect of the UN as well. The UN also annually publishes the HumanDevelopment Index to rank countries in terms of poverty, literacy, education, and life expectancy.For the future, the UN has established a set of goals that it calls its Millennium Development Goals. Most of its member states and various international organizations have all agreed to achieve these goals related to reducing poverty, child mortality, fighting diseases and epidemics, and developing a global partnership in terms of international development by 2015. Some member states have achieved a number of the agreement’s goals while others have reached none. However, the UN has been successfulover the years and only the future can tell how the true realization of these goals will play out.United Nations Organisation Essay Word Meanings for Simple UnderstandingAmbit – a sphere of operation or influence; range; scopeHomogeneity – diversityConvoluted – extremely complex and difficult to followOutstripped – to leave behind; outrunMandate –an authoritative command or instructionComply –to act in accordance with another’s command, request, rule or wishCease-fire –a command given to any unit or individual firing any weapon to stop engaging the targetCombatants – a person or group engaged in or prepared for a fight, struggle, or dispute。
《The-UN-The-Power-of-Words》Work-for-Peace-PPT下载【品质
3. 和平总比战争好。 Peace is b__e_t_t_e_r_ ___th__a_nwar.
Exercise
4. 解决这个问题最好的办法是什么？ What is the _b_e_s_t_ _w__a_y_ _t_o___so__lv_e_ this problem? 5. 为什么不阻止这场战争的发生呢？ Why not p__r_e_v_e_n_tthis war _f_r_o_m__ h__a_p_p__e_n_i_n_g?
句中的for the members to reach agreement是 动词不定式复合结构作真正主语，前面的 it是 形式主语。
Discussion
We all love peace and hate war. War brings suffering to people. How can we put an end to war?
New words
suffer headquarters security permanent situation satisfy forever
v.受苦，受难 n.总部 n.安全；保证 adj.永久的；永恒的 n.状况；形势 v.使满意；满足 adv.永远
Reading
What do you know about the UN? Read the lesson and fill in the mind map.
environment. Is that so?
3. Mr. Zhou looked at his son __a_n_g_r_i_ly____ (angry)