施心远主编听力教程4(第2版)Unit3答案

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全新版大学英语4第二版听说教程unit3答案

By the way, we should notice that all the nouns are in their plural forms. What we need to do in the following is to arouse association between the numbers and nouns. My association is like these: 3+table = a table with three legs; 5+glove = a glove has five fingers; 9+cat = it is believed that a cat can live nine times; 14+ring = the Valentine's Day; 20+cigarettes = generally there are 20 cigarettes in a pack. See how it goes? Have a try and you can make it, too.
8. How can we improve our memory?
As a matter of fact, we are not born with good memory. However, there are several ways for us to improve our memory. For instance, reciting wellwritten passages, either English or Chinese, in the morning is an efficient method. Besides, doing some training following the guidance in the books which aim to enhance people's memory is a good choice. In addition, using imagination to arouse association is another good choice when we are trying to memorize something. For example, if we are asked to memorize a corresponding table as below, how can we memorize it correctly in a short time? 3 5 9 14 20 tables gloves cats rings cigarettes

新编商务英语听力教程4第二版unit3答案

新编商务英语听力教程4第二版unit3答案1、The commander said that two _____ would be sent to the Iraqi front line the next day. [单选题] *A. women's doctorB. women doctorsC. women's doctorsD. women doctor(正确答案)2、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming3、( ) ____ eye exercises ___ good __ your eyes. [单选题] *A. Doing, is, for(正确答案)B. Doing, are, forC. Do, is, forD. Do, are, at4、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that5、Before leaving the village, he visited the old house _____ he spent his childhood. [单选题] *A in which(正确答案)B. whichC. to whichD at which6、He couldn’t ______ the maths problem without your help. [单选题] *A. work out(正确答案)B. work atC. work forD. work with7、This year our school is _____ than it was last year. [单选题] *A. much more beautiful(正确答案)B. much beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautiful8、I passed the test, I _____ it without your help. [单选题] *A.would not passB. wouldn't have passed(正确答案)C. didn't passD.had not passed9、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few10、Words are windows（）you can look into the past. [单选题] *A. through which(正确答案)B. through thatC. whichD. whose11、Before you quit your job, （）how your family will feel about your decision. [单选题] *A. consider(正确答案)B. consideringC. to considerD. considered12、There are many_____desks in the room. [单选题] *rge old brown(正确答案)B.old large brownrge brown oldD.brown old large13、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *A. hadn't you?B. had you?C. did you?D. didn't you?(正确答案)14、60．—Are you ready?—Yes. We can start ________ any time. [单选题] *A．at(正确答案)B．inC．toD．for15、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment16、Our teacher suggested that each of us _____ a study plan for the tong summer vacation. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. madeC. will makeD. would make17、There ______ a football match and a concert this weekend.（）[单选题] *A. isC. will be(正确答案)D. will have18、46．The pants look cool.You can ________. [单选题] *A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them19、You can distinguish the twins very easily, _____Tom is quite while Jack is active. [单选题] *A. soB. butC. for(正确答案)D. and20、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *A.in allB. after allC. above all(正确答案)21、Tom’s mother will let him _______ traveling if he comes back?in five days. [单选题] *A. to goB. goesC. wentD. go(正确答案)22、Just use this room for the time being ,and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available [单选题] *A. as soon as(正确答案)B unless .C as far asD until23、We haven't heard from him so far. [单选题] *A. 到目前为止(正确答案)B. 一直C. 这么远D. 这么久24、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)25、I _______ the job because I couldn’t stand(忍受) the rules. [单选题] *A. gave inB. gave outC. gave backD. gave up(正确答案)26、—Can you play tennis?—______. But I can play basketball.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I canB. Yes, I doC. No. I can’t(正确答案)D. No, I don’t27、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk28、---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. [单选题] *A. ifB. when(正确答案)C. becauseD. before29、Every means _____ but it's not so effective. [单选题] *A. have been triedB. has been tried(正确答案)C. have triedD. has tried30、We should have breakfast every day to keep ______. [单选题] *A. healthB. healthy(正确答案)C. healthilyD. the healthy。

听力教程4施心远unit1-3听力原文,生词和答案

听力课程4 unit 1-3 听力原文+生词+答案Book 4 unit 1Tactics for listening1.A college education can be very costly in the United States.2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for a college.3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.4.Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.5.There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.Listening comprehensionDialogueSocial grouping原文F:Right ,you are talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us something about the ways animals form into groups?M:Yes,many many animals are very solitary animals. The only times they get together is when they mate or when they are bringing uptheir young. The majority of the animals are solitary. But a very significant group of mammals and insects ,like ants and termites,bees and wasps,are very social.And they group together because in a group it‟s much safer. You can defend yourself more easily if you are in a group. You can find males more easily if you are in a group. And you can change the world around you by working with the others if you live in a group. Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.F:You mention lions and other carnivores earlier on. Do they group very much?M:Yes ,most cats in fact don‟t group. Lions and to a lesser extent,cheetahs,are the only cats that group together. A group of lions is called a pride . And you might get anything up to 15 0r 20 lions in a pride . A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males,perhaps a dozen females and then the cubs. But the real lion groups consists of females with their cubs. The males tend to stay for a few years and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males that come in and take over.F:And how about the apes?M:Well,now you are talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes ,some apes,live in very very big and complicated social groups. Not all,orangutans,for example ,big apes that live inIndonesia and Malaysia ,they are very solitary and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years when a male and a female mate. And then the only relationship will be between a mother and her baby. The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years,four years ,five years even,learning from the mother,learning what sorts of food to eat,what the signs of danger are ,and then when the baby grows up,off it will go and live its own solitary life . The reasons why orangutans are solitary is because there is not very much food in the forest and if there was a big group of orangutans,all the food would just run out. But leaving in Asia and going to Africa,then you will find a very social apes. Now ,gorillas for example,gorillas live in uni-male groups,they used to be called harems. But the technical term is uni-male ,because there is one male within a group. One male ,and then around him will be anything up to 6,7,8,9 females,plus all the babies. And that one male in a group is the silver-back gorilla and he is much bigger and stronger than the others. He has got silvery fur on his back. And the others won‟t challenge him and he will lead the group slowly through the forest,settling down every night and moving on the next day ,finding food. So that‟s a uni-male group. But if you move a little bit further west into west Africa,you will start to come across chimpanzees,now they are a bit smaller than gorillas,they spend alot of time in the trees whereas gorillas are down on the ground. And chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas. They are our closest living relatives. Now ,chimps live in multimale groups,in other words,you will get anything up to 6,7,8 males and then you will get two or three times that number of females,a dozen ,two dozens females,plus all the youngsters. So we are talking about groups that can be as big as 40 0r 50 or even 60. Now a chimpanzee group ,multimale group is a very flexible type of group.It constantly splits into small groups,off they go for a few days,back they come,reform,break up again,and within that group,the males tend to hang around the outside,protecting the group,fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females. But they tend to come and go to some extent. The ongoing core of the chimpanzee group consists of females with their young and sometimes sisters will actually work together to bring up their young collectively. Yes ,so apes are very very social animals indeed.生词Earlier on 早先Social grouping社会群体Solitary独居的Bring up抚养Mate交配Mammal哺乳动物Insect昆虫Cat猫科动物Carnivore食肉动物，食虫植物Wasp黄蜂Bee蜜蜂Termite白蚁Ant蚂蚁Orangutan猩猩Ape猿Chimpanzee黑猩猩Chimp黑猩猩（非洲）Gorilla大猩猩Cheetah猎豹To a lesser extent在较小程度上Pride狮群A pride of一群Cub幼兽Dozen十二个Kick out解雇，开除，踢出Take over接管Indonesia印度尼西亚Malaysia马来西亚uni-male=harem只有一个雄性的Harem为一个雄性动物所控制的许多雌性动物Multimale多雄群的Silvery银的Silver-back银背Fur皮毛West Africa西非Whereas 然而，反之Closely（副词）紧密的Close（形容词，副词）Youngster年轻人Split into分裂，分成Hang around闲逛，徘徊Flexible灵活的Fight off击退Rival竞争的Collectively共同Slippery滑的snow-white雪白的Silky柔滑的答案ACDC--BCBAPassageCommunity colleges原文Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century,including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country‟s continued economic strength,a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance. Yet ,three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education,in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college. During the same period ,the country‟s rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute,manual learning,vocational education ,division ,or citizenship school to the diploma program. The high school-based community college was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile ,small private colleges had fashioned an effective model of highereducation,grounded on the principles of small classes,close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities. From the combination of these traditions, emerged earliest community colleges roughly balanced the number between private and public control,but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small,rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women,attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri ,which do not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor‟s degree. It was common for more than 60% of community college students to be women,virtually ,all of them preparing to be teachers. Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago,this unique American invention,put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities ,and initiated practice of welcoming all who desired to learn,regardless of wealth,heritage or previous academic experience. Today the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1166 public and independent community colleges . The breadthof programming and the variety of students‟ goals make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance. Unlike four-year colleges,where attainment of a bachelor‟s degree is the implicit goal of students. Community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement. Research shows that education pays . Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into a higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. And investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely to pay lifelong dividends,as student who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of 250,000 dollars more than people without degrees. But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates,but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.生词Primary school初等教育（小学=英国英语elementary school）Secondary school中学（=英国英语middle school）Middle school中学（初中10-13，五年级到八年级。

施心远主编听力教程答案Unit

A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 3Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translationscore higher than boys in almost every country.几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。

2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。

3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part..文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。

4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。

5. These include differences in learning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singerrealize that British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades.Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes!The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ￡450but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember thingsbetter1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictationare methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it..5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information.T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost always presented in different ways.F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dressup an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you likeT (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli.T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics Why can we improve our memory by following the principleTo use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.Evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli. Use these to makesophisticated models of the world.Our memories store all of these effectively.However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.By coding languages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory important to usOpen.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the Somali pirates’ strike.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1.Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revengefor the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear.2.No, the pirates haven’t been deferred.3.Because the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remainso great and Somalia remains so lawless.4.At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen internationalwarships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5.It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred.So why does the problem persist Put simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the international effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres. Although it has been suggested that raids could be mounted on the pirates' home towns, it seems unlikely there'll be any major increase in the military effort unless there's a spectacular hijacking involving the deaths of many crew members.The reluctance to mount a major international naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau, nearly twenty three thousand ships passed through the Gulf of Aden. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watson, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama’s military plan in Afghanistan.Ex. B: True or false.1.The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan isnot an option.)2. Obama wouldn’t shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops.T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F. (…some Republicans and me mbers of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. (…about committing more resources and military per sonnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam.T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.) Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops.There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going ontoo long for some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that returns to Gaza.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazilyaround their shoulders.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.The destruction we've seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamas infrastructure: police stations, military outposts, government buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that runbeneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSection FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoric world in Liaoning, China, based on the scientific findings on fossils discovered there.Exercise B:1.35 prehistoric animals were created.2.They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage of science,art and technology.3.The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed, sovisitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors will feel as if they’ve stepped intoa Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.4.He says it’s accurate because every single plant, every insect,every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China.5.The only thing scientists had to make up is what color some ofthe animals were.6.According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7.They study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens andostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs would stand or walk.8.By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gainedfrom the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script：Dinosaur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Technology,Modern LivestockThe rolling hills of a province in northeastern China are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by human eyes - until this week.Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingly recreated in New York City's American Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few things that has been imagined in this 65 square-meter diorama. The gingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of science, art and technology, as every detail, down to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as if they've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.Mark Norell is a paleontologist who has worked in Liaoning, searching for clues to recreate this prehistoric world."It's accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China," he explained, "so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bit is what color some the animals were. Even though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patterned, because we can seethat is the soft tissue remains, but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils."Underneath the gingko trees, a feathered bird-like dinosaur chases on two legs after a large winged insect, the dinosaur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, much as a modern goose tucks its head beneath its wing.The museum's curator of paleontology, Michael Novacek, explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better understand extinct creatures."The reason birds are so important to us is really a fact we weren't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are living dinosaurs. They're not just related to dinosaurs. They are dinosaurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dinosaurs, so conveniently enough dinosaurs didn't go completely extinct. One group, the birds, survived."Scientists study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk.Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movements of the ever popular Tyrannosaurus Rex. By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientific findings are passed along to model designers, such as the creator of a six-foot-long mechanical T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the extinct dinosaur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the never-before-seen becoming altogether real when science and technology meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1.The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” isrequired to have this effect.2.The Queen’s study showed that the total amount of gaze receivedduring a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.3.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images formactors who conveyed different levels of attention.4.The researchers concluded that people in group discussions willspeak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5.The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughoutthe ages.6.Exercise C1. A2. D3. A4. D5. A6. C7. B8. BExercise D1.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images fromactors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members and the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.2.Open.Script:Eye Contact Shown To Affect Conversation Patterns, GroupProblem-Solving AbilityNoting that the eyes have long been described as mirrors of the soul, a Queen's computer scientist is studying the effect of eye gaze on conversation and the implications for new-age technologies, ranging from video conferencing to speech recognition systems.Dr. Roel Vertegaal, who is presenting a paper on eye gaze at an international conference in New Orleans this week, has found evidence to suggest a strong link between the amount of eye contact people receive and their degree of participation in group communications. Eye contact is known to increase the number of turns a person will take when part of a group conversation. The goal of this study was to determine what type of "gaze" (looking at a person's eyes and face) is required to have this effect.Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The Queen's study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.The findings have important implications for the design offuture communication devices, including more user-friendly and sensitive video conferencing systems – a technology increasingly chosen in business for economic and time-saving reasons – and Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) which support communication between people and machines. Dr. Vertegaal's group is also implementing these findings to facilitate user interactions with large groups of computers such as personal digital assistants and cellular phones.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members. There was no relationship between the impact of the eye contact and when it occurred."The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages," says Dr. Vertegaal, whose paper, Explaining Effects of Eye Gaze on Mediated Group Conversations: Amount or Synchronization was presented this week at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Conference on Computer SupportedCooperative Work."Sumerian clay tablets dating back to 3000 BC already tell the story of Ereshkigal, goddess of the underworld, who had the power to kill Inanna, goddess of love, with a deadly eye," says Dr. Vertegaal. "Now that we are attempting to build more sophisticated conversational interfaces that mirror the communicative capabilities of their users, it has become clear we need to learn more about communicative functions of gaze behaviors."。

全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程4答案unit3学习资料

6. What methods do you use to remind yourself of past events?
7. What do long-term memory and short-term memory mean?
8. How can we improve our memory?
Unit 3 Memory
Unit 3 Memory
全新版大学英语(第ຫໍສະໝຸດ 版)听说教程4答案unit3Unit 3 Memory
Pre-listening Task
Language Focus
Questions for Discussion
1. What is memory? How does it work?
2. What is your earliest memory?
Unit 3 Memory
Pre-listening Task
Language Focus
• If I remember correctly, I think we’ve met before.
• He recited the poem from memory.
Unit 3 Memory
Pre-listening Task
Language Focus
8. How can we improve our memory? As a matter of fact, we are not born with good
memory. However, there are several ways for us to improve our memory. For instance, reciting wellwritten passages, either English or Chinese, in the morning is an efficient method. Besides, doing some training following the guidance in the books which aim to enhance people's memory is a good choice. In addition, using imagination to arouse association is another good choice when we are trying to memorize something. For example, if we are asked to memorize a corresponding table as below, how can

听力教程4答案全主编施心远

Unit 1Secti‎o n 1Liste‎n ing and Trans‎l atio‎n1. A colle‎g e educa‎t ion can be very costl‎y in the Unite‎d State‎s.2.Risin‎g costs‎have led more and more famil‎i es to borro‎w money‎to help pay for colle‎g e.3.There‎are diffe‎r ent feder‎a l loans‎and priva‎t e loans‎for stude‎n ts.4.Inter‎e st rates‎on some of these‎loans‎will go up on July 1st.5.There‎are growi‎n g conce‎r ns that many stude‎n ts gradu‎a te with too much debt.1.在美国，大学教育的‎费用会很贵‎。

2.费用的上涨‎使越来越多‎的美国家庭‎通过借钱来‎支付上大学‎的费用。

3.有各种各样‎的联邦贷款‎和私人贷款‎可供学生挑‎选。

4.在这些贷款‎品种中，有些品种的‎利率将从7‎月1日起上‎调。

5.人们越来越‎担心，很多学生将‎背负沉重的‎债务从大学‎毕业。

Secti‎o n 2Part 1 Dialo‎g ue1-8 A C D C B C B APart 2 passa‎g e Ex C: 1-8 F F T T F T T FSecti‎o n 3News Item 1China‎'s waste‎d no time inset‎t ing put the lates‎t plans‎for its ambit‎i ous space‎progr‎a m. A senio‎r offic‎i al said the next manne‎d missi‎o n will be in 2007, when the astro‎n auts‎will attem‎p t a space‎walk. After‎that, scien‎t ists‎will focus‎on devel‎o ping‎the capab‎i lity‎to rende‎z vous‎* and dock* with other‎space‎c raft‎. He added‎that China‎also wante‎d to recru‎i t femal‎e astro‎n auts‎in the near futur‎e.The annou‎n ceme‎n t comes‎just hours‎after‎the count‎r y's secon‎d manne‎d space‎missi‎o n touch‎e d down in the remot‎e grass‎l ands‎of Inner‎Mongo‎l ia. The retur‎n ing astro‎n auts‎have been given‎a hero's welco‎m e, ridin‎g in an open car in a natio‎n ally‎telev‎i sed parad‎e. Thous‎a nds of soldi‎e rs and group‎s of schoo‎l chil‎d ren lined‎the route‎, wavin‎g Chine‎s e flags‎. It's a sign of the great‎impor‎t ance‎China‎attac‎h es to its space‎progr‎a m, viewi‎n g it as a sourc‎e of natio‎n al pride‎and inter‎n atio‎n al prest‎i ge.A: …about‎China‎’s‎ambit‎i ous space‎progr‎a m.B:1. Landi‎n g spot: in the remot‎e grass‎l ands‎of Inner‎Mongo‎l ia2. Signi‎f ican‎c e: a sourc‎e of natio‎n al pride‎and inter‎n atio‎n al prest‎i ge (威望)Futur‎e plan1. 1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astro‎n auts‎will attem‎p t a space‎walk.2. Focus‎of furth‎e r devel‎o pmen‎t: the capab‎i lity‎to rende‎z vous‎and dock with other‎space‎c raft‎3. Recru‎i tmen‎t of astro‎n auts‎:to recru‎i t femal‎e astro‎n auts‎in the near futur‎e.News Item 2China‎'s econo‎m y has recov‎e red earli‎e r and more stron‎g ly than any other‎. This lates‎t data is furth‎e r evide‎n ce of that trend‎.The rise in indus‎t rial‎outpu‎t confi‎r ms what facto‎r y owner‎s have been sayin‎g for some time now, that custo‎m ers have been resto‎c king‎*their‎inven‎t orie‎s and confi‎d ence‎is retur‎n ing.There‎are still‎quest‎i on marks‎thoug‎h over the stabi‎l ity of the recov‎e ry. The prope‎r ty* secto‎r* is showi‎n g signs‎of overh‎e atin‎g. The gover‎n ment‎this week annou‎n ced measu‎r es to try to cool it. At the same time offic‎i als decid‎e d to exten‎d tax subsi‎d ies* for purch‎a ses of small‎vehic‎l es and appli‎a nces‎sugge‎s ting‎that some here still‎belie‎v e Chine‎s e manuf‎a ctur‎e rs need gover‎n ment‎suppo‎r t.Growt‎h was stron‎g est in heavy‎indus‎t ries‎such as coal, steel‎,power‎gener‎a tion‎and autom‎o bile‎s. Consu‎m er price‎s rose in Novem‎b er for the first‎time since‎Febru‎a ry. But the rise was small‎and proba‎b ly refle‎c ted highe‎r food price‎s cause‎d by early‎snows‎t orms‎which‎destr‎o yed crops‎and disru‎p ted trans‎p ort.A: …‎about‎the growt‎h of China‎’s‎econo‎m y.News Item 3If you visit‎almos‎t any marke‎t plac‎e in Afric‎a, many of the consu‎m er goods‎on sale, from bucke‎t s to razor‎blade‎s to hurri‎c ane lamps‎, are likel‎y to be Chine‎s e. In a very large‎numbe‎r of Afric‎a n capit‎a ls, the main footb‎a ll stadi‎u m is likel‎y to have been built‎with Chine‎s e aid money‎.Sino-Afric‎a n trade‎, and aid, is large‎and growi‎n g. Some estim‎a tes put it as high as 12 billi‎o n dolla‎r s a year. Altho‎u gh direc‎t compa‎r ison‎s are diffi‎c ult, the links‎betwe‎e n the world‎'s large‎s t devel‎o ping‎count‎r y, China‎, and the world‎'s large‎s t devel‎o ping‎conti‎n ent could‎grow to chall‎e nge the post-colon‎i al links‎betwe‎e n Europ‎e and Afric‎a. The meeti‎n g in Addis‎Ababa‎*had heard‎Chine‎s e promi‎s es to cance‎l debts‎,grant‎duty-free acces‎s into China‎for Afric‎a n produ‎c ts and incre‎a se Chine‎s e inves‎t ment‎s in Afric‎a.A: …‎about‎China‎’s‎large‎and growi‎n g trade‎with and aid to Afric‎a.B：1.In many Afric‎a n capit‎a ls, the main footb‎a ll stadi‎u m is likel‎y to have been built‎with Chine‎s eaid money‎.2.It is estim‎a ted that Sino-Afric‎a n trade‎, and aid, amoun‎t s to as high as 12 billi‎o n dolla‎r s a year.3.The links‎betwe‎e n China‎and Afric‎a could‎grow to chall‎e nge the post-colon‎i al links‎betwe‎e nEurop‎e and Afric‎a.4.On the meeti‎n g in Addis‎Ababa‎, China‎promi‎s ed to cance‎l debts‎, grant‎duty-free acces‎s intoChina‎for Afric‎a n produ‎c ts and incre‎a se Chine‎s e inves‎t ment‎s in Afric‎a.Unit 2Secti‎o n 1Liste‎n ing and Trans‎l atio‎n1.Some peopl‎e fear they do not get enoug‎h vitam‎i ns from the foods‎they eat.2.So they take produ‎c ts with large‎amoun‎t s of vitam‎i ns.3.They think‎these‎vitam‎i n suppl‎e ment‎s will impro‎v e their‎healt‎h and prote‎c t again‎s t disea‎s e.4.Medic‎a l exper‎t s found‎littl‎e evide‎n ce that most suppl‎e ment‎s do anyth‎i ng to prote‎c t or impro‎v ehealt‎h.5.but they noted‎that some do help to preve‎n t disea‎s e.1.有些人担心‎他们并未从‎所吃的食物‎中获取足够‎的维生素。

（完整word版）《听力教程》4Unit3答案

（完整word版）《听⼒教程》4Unit3答案A Listening Course 4施⼼远主编《听⼒教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 31: Listening and Translation1.Girls score higher than boys in almost every country.⼏乎在所有国家⾥，⼥孩⼦都⽐男孩⼦得分⾼。

2.Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男⼥差异⼀直是激烈争论的焦点。

3.Cultural and economic influences play an important part.⽂化和经济影响起着重要的作⽤。

4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.但是最新的发现提⽰，答案也许在男⼥⼤脑的差异。

5.These include differences in learning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singer realizethat British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades. Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men. The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes! The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ?450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something ornot.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1. Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it.5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you canplace information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information. T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost always presented in different ways. F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable. T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics. F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination. F(Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you like T (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli. T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics? Why can we improve our memory by following the principle? To use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information. Evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli. sophisticated models of the world. Our memories store all of these effectively. However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only one Use these to make of the many skills and resources available to our minds. By coding languages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory important to us?Open.Section Three : NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the Somali pirates’ strike.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear.2. No, the pirates haven’t been deferred.3. Because the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless.4. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5. It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One: The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred. So why does the problem persist? Put simply maritimesecurity analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the international effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres. Although it has been suggested that raids could be mounted on the pirates' home towns, it seems unlikely there'll be any major increase in the military effort unless there's a spectacular hijacking involving the deaths of many crew members. The reluctance to mount a major international naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau, nearly twenty three thousand ships passed through the Gulf of Aden. Only ninety two were hijacked. Rob Watson, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama’s military plan i n Afghanistan.Ex. B: True or false.1. The President is considering leaving Afghanistan. F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option.)2. Obama wouldn’t shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops. T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard. F. (…some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon. F. (…about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam. T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.)Script of News Item Two: The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops. There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers. President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going ontoo long for some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill. The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't make everyone in the room, or the country, happy. Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that returns to Gaza.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines ofcars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain. There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders. For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is beingpumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Section FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A: This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoric world in Liaoning, China, based on the scientific findings on fossils discovered there.Exercise B:1. 35 prehistoric animals were created.2. They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage of science, art and technology.3. The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors will feel as if they’ve stepped into a Chinese forest 130 mil lion years in the past.4. He says it’s accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found asa fossil in northeastern China.5. The only thing scientists had to make up is what color some of the animals were.6. According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7. They study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs would stand or walk.8. By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script：Dinosaur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Technology, Modern Livestock The rolling hills of a province in northeastern China are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by human eyes - until this week. Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingly recreated in New York City's American Museum of Natural History. The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few things that has been imagined in this 65 square-meter diorama. The gingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of science, art and technology, as every detail, down to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors areeye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as if they've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past. Mark Norell is a paleontologist who has worked in Liaoning, searching for clues to recreate this prehistoric world. "It's accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China," he explained, "so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bit is what color some the animals were. Even though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patterned, because we can see that is the soft tissue remains, but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils." Underneath the gingko trees, a feathered bird-like dinosaur chases on two legs after a large winged insect, the dinosaur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, much as a modern goose tucks its head beneath its wing. The museum's curator of paleontology, Michael Novacek, explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better understand extinct creatures. "The reason birds are so important to us is really a fact we weren't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are living dinosaurs. They're not just related to dinosaurs. They are dinosaurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dinosaurs, so conveniently enough dinosaurs didn'tgo completely extinct. One group, the birds, survived." Scientists study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickensand ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk. Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movements of the ever popular Tyrannosaurus Rex. By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought. These scientific findings are passed along to model designers, such as the creator of a six-foot-long mechanical T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the extinct dinosaur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the never-before-seen becoming altogether real when science and technology meet art.Part 2PassageExercise B1. The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” is required to have this effect.2. The Queen’s study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contactoccurs.3. The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images form actors who conveyed different levels of attention.4. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5. The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages.Exercise C1. A2. D3. A4. D5. A6. C7. B8. BExercise D1. The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eyecontact from other group members and the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.2. Open.Script: Eye Contact Shown To Affect Conversation Patterns, Group Problem-Solving Ability Noting that the eyes have long been described as mirrors of the soul, a Queen's computer scientist is studying the effect of eye gaze on conversation and the implications for new-age technologies, ranging from video conferencing to speech recognition systems. Dr. Roel Vertegaal, who is presenting a paper on eye gaze at an international conference in New Orleans this week, has found evidence to suggest a strong link between the amount of eye contact people receive and their degree of participation in group communications. Eye contact is known to increase the number of turns a person will take when part of a group conversation. The goal of this study was to determine what type of "gaze" (looking at a person's eyes and face) is required tohave this effect. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The Queen's study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs. The findings have important implications for thedesign of future communication devices, including more user-friendly and sensitive video conferencing systems –a technology increasingly chosen in business for economic and time-saving reasons –and Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) which support communication between people and machines. Dr. Vertegaal's group is also implementing these findings to facilitate user interactions with large groups of computers such as personal digital assistants and cellular phones. The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members. There was no relationship between the impact of the eye contact and when it occurred. "The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages," says Dr. Vertegaal, whose paper, Explaining Effects of Eye Gaze on Mediated Group Conversations: Amount or Synchronization? was presented this week at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. "Sumerian clay tablets dating back to 3000 BC already tell the story of Ereshkigal, goddess of theunderworld, who had the power to kill Inanna, goddess of love, with a deadly eye," says Dr. Vertegaal. "Now that we are attempting to build more sophisticated conversational interfaces that mirror the communicative capabilities of their users, it has become clear we need to learn more about communicative functions of gaze behaviors."。

听力教程答案施心远—

听力教程4答案施心远（1—13）Unit 1Section 1Listening and Translation1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.4.Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.5.There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section 2Part 1 Dialogue1-8 A C D C B C B APart 2 passage Ex C: 1-8 F F T T F T T FSection 3News Item 1China's wasted no time insetting put the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007, when the astronauts will attempt a space walk. After that, scientists will focus on developing the capability to rendezvous* and dock* with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future.The announcement comes just hours after the country's second manned space mission touched down in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia. The returning astronauts have been given a hero's welcome, riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route, waving Chinese flags. It's a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program, viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige.A: …about China’s ambitious space program.B:1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望)Future plan1. 1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with otherspacecraft3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future.News Item 2China's economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking* their inventories and confidence is returning.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.A: … about the growth of China’s economy.News Item 3If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa, many of the consumer goods on sale, from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps, are likely to be Chinese. In a very large number of African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.Sino-African trade, and aid, is large and growing. Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult, the links between theworld's largest developing country, China, and the world's largest developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa* had heard Chinese promises to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.B：1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built withChinese aid money.2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars ayear.3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-colonial linksbetween Europe and Africa.4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free accessinto China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Unit 2Section 1Listening and Translation1.Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.2.So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect againstdisease.4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect orimprove health.5.but they noted that some do help to prevent disease.1.有些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。

《听力教程》第版Unit答案

施心远主编《听力教程》4(第2版)答案UNIT1SectionOnePart1SpotDictationHousesintheFutureWell,Ithinkhousesinthefuturewillprobablybe(1)quitesmallbutIshouldthinkthey'llbe(2) well-insulatedsothatyoudon'tneedsomuch(3)heatingand(4)coolingasyoudonow,soperhapsve ryeconomical(5)torun.Perhapstheywilluse(6)solarheating,althoughIdon'tknow,inthiscountr y,perhapswe(7)won'tbeabletodothatsomuch.Yes,Ithinkthey'llbefullof(8)electronicgadgets:t hingslikeveryadvancedtelevisions,videos,perhapsvideoswhichtakeup...thescreen(9)takesupt garagedoorswhichopenautomaticallywhenyou(11)driveup,perhapselectronic(12)sensorswhi chwill(13)recognizeyouwhenyou,whenyoucometothefrontdooreven.Perhaps(14)architectsan ddesignerswillbeabitmore(15)imaginativeabouthowhousesaredesignedandperhapswiththe( 16)shortageofspacepeoplewillthinkofputtinggardens(17)ontheroofand,andmayberoomscan be(18)expandedand,and(19)contracted*dependingonwhatyouusethemfor,soperhapsthere'll beabitmore(20)flexibilityaboutthat.Part2ListeningforGistDialogue：IWanttoSeeDrMiltonWoman：Surgery.CanIhelpyouStone：Goodafternoon.Myname’sFrankStone.IwanttomakeanappointmenttoseeDrMilton,please. Woman:Yes,ofcourse,MrStone.MayIhaveyouraddress,pleaseWoman:Yes,wehaveyouontherecords.Canyoumanagethisafternoonat5:30Stone:I’mafraidnot.Icanmanagetomorrow.Woman:I’mafraidDrMilton’snotondutytomorrow.He’llbeherethedayaftertomorrow.That’s Thursday,March27th.Stone:Fine.Woman:Will5:30beallrightStone:Well,yes.ButI’dpreferalatertimesoIcancomealongafterwork.Woman:Thenwhatabout6:15Woman:Goodbye.Exercise.Directions:Listentothedialogueandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoud ecide.1.ThisdialogueisaboutmakinganappointmentWoman:Listen!I'mterriblysorryI'mlate.Man:Man:Oh,that'sallright.Itdoesn'treallymatter,doesitIhaven'tgotanythingbettertodo,haveI Woman:Justletmeexplain,willyouMan: I'veonlybeenwaitingforoveranhour.That'sall.Woman:Yes.Iknow,andIwouldhave...Man: Afterall,mytimeisn'treallythatimportant,isitWoman:Pleasedon'tbelikethat.Justletmeexplain.(Silence.Mansaysnothing.)Woman:I...ItriedtogethereintimebutjustafterIlefthome,thecarbrokedown.Man: ThecarbrokedownWoman:Yes,and...well...luckily...therewasagaragenearme.And...andittookthemawh iletorepairit.Man: Whydidn'tyouatleastphoneWoman:Iwouldhave!ButIdidn'tknowthenumberoftherestaurant.Man: Youcouldhavelookeditupinthetelephonebook!Woman:Yes,but...you'llneverbelievethis...Icouldn'trememberthenameoftherestaur ant.Iknewwhereitwas,butforgotthename.Man: Isee.Well,atleastitwasluckyyoufoundagaragetorepairyourcar.Woman:Yes.ItwassomethingIcouldn'tdomyself.Itdidn'ttaketoolong,butthat'swhyI' mlate,yousee.Man: Uh-huh.Whichgarage,bythewayWoman:PardonMan: WhichgaragedidyoutakeittoWoman:U2.ThekeywordsareTuesday.Thursday.twofifteen.threefifteen.Mondaymorning.nineo'clock. SectionTwoListeningcomprehensionPart1DialogueI'mterriblysorryI'mlate.Woman:Listen!I'mterriblysorryI'mlate.Man:Man: Oh,that'sallright.Itdoesn'treallymatter,doesitIhaven'tgotanythingbettertodo,haveI Woman:Justletmeexplain,willyouMan: I'veonlybeenwaitingforoveranhour.That'sall.Woman:Yes.Iknow,andIwouldhave...Man: Afterall,mytimeisn'treallythatimportant,isitWoman:Pleasedon'tbelikethat.Justletmeexplain.(Silence.Mansaysnothing.)Woman:I...ItriedtogethereintimebutjustafterIlefthome,thecarbrokedown.Man: ThecarbrokedownWoman:Yes,and...well...luckily...therewasagaragenearme.And...andittookthemawhile torepairit.Man: Whydidn'tyouatleastphoneWoman:Iwouldhave!ButIdidn'tknowthenumberoftherestaurant.Man: Youcouldhavelookeditupinthetelephonebook!Woman:Yes,but...you'llneverbelievethis...Icouldn'trememberthenameoftherestaurant.Ikne wwhereitwas,butforgotthename.Man: Isee.Well,atleastitwasluckyyoufoundagaragetorepairyourcar.Woman:Yes.ItwassomethingIcouldn'tdomyself.Itdidn'ttaketoolong,butthat'swhyI'mlate,yousee.Man: Uh-huh.Whichgarage,bythewayWoman:PardonMan: WhichgaragedidyoutakeittoWoman:UMan: Yes,Iknowthatgarage.It'stheonlyonenearyourflat.Woman:Hmm,wellnow,let'shavesomethingtoeat.Uh,whataboutsome...Man: Iknowthegarageverywell!Woman:Yes.Let'sseenow.Yes,IthinkI'llhavesome...Man: Apityit'sSunday.Woman:PardonMan: Apityit'sSunday.ThatgarageisclosedonSunday!ExerciseDirections:Listentothedialogueandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Theyarepossiblyboyfriendandgirlfriend.2.Inarestaurant.3."Itdoesn'treallymatter,doesitIhaven'tgotanythingbettertodo,haveI""I'veonlybeenwaitingforoveranhour.That'sall""Afterall,mytimeisn'treallythatimportant,isi t""Well,atleastitwasluckyyoufoundagaragetorepairyourcar."4.Becauseshewantstostoptheconversationlikethis.5.Becauseheknowsthegirlislying.Part2PassageTheOscarStatuette1Industryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegolde ntrophy"or"thestatueofmerit",butthetermneverstuck.2.Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinanycase,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin19 34,aHollywoodcolumnistusedthenameinhiscolumn.3.WaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimat edfeatureSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.4.Ifthestatuettesdon'tmeetstrictqualitycontrolstandards,theyareimmediatelycutinhalfandm elteddown.5.ThelargeboxesareshippedtotheAcademyofficesviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings. TheOscarstatuette,designedbyMGM's*chiefartdirectorCedricGibbons,depicts*aknighthold ingacrusader's*sword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes,signifyingtheoriginalbrancheso ftheAcademy:Actors,Writers,Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar".I ndustryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegoldent rophy"or"thestatueofmerit".Theentertainmenttradepaper,WeeklyVariety,evenattemptedt opopularize"theironman".Thetermneverstuck. ApopularstoryhasbeenthatanAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHer rick,thoughtthestatuetteresembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andthatasaresulttheAcademyst affbeganreferringtoitasOscar.Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinanycase,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin 1934,HollywoodcolumnistSidneySkolskyusedthenameinhiscolumninreferencetoKatharineH epburn'sfirstBestActresswin.TheAcademyitselfdidn'tusethenicknameofficiallyuntil1939.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards-withafewnotableexc eptions.In the1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicas*ofthestatuette;aventriloquist* EdgarBergenwaspresentedwithawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth;andWaltDisneywas honoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimatedfeatureSnowW hiteandtheSevenDwarfs.Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeof plaster.AftertheWar,winnersturnedinthetemporaryawardsforgoldenOscarstatuettes.ThetraditionalOscarstatuette,however,hasn'tchangedsincethe1940s,whenthebasewasm adehigher.In1945,thebasewaschangedfrommarbletometalandin1949,AcademyAwardstatue ttesbegantobenumbered,startingwithNo.501.EachawardisindividuallypackedintoaStyrofoam*containerslightlylargerthanashoebox.Eightofthesearethenpackedintoalargercardboardbox,andthelargeboxesareshippedtothe AcademyofficesinBeverlyHillsviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings.OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCity *totheCityofAngels.Ninedayslater,52ofstolenstatuetteswerediscovered.ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestionEveryJanuary,theattentionoftheentertainmentcommunityandoffilmfansaroundtheworld turnstotheupcomingAcademyAwards,thehighesthonorinfilmmaking.Theannualpresentatio noftheOscarshasbecometheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences'mostfamousactivity. TheOscarStatuetteisaknightholdingacrusader'ssword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes. ExerciseBSentenceDictationDirections:Listeningtosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetim es.ExerciseCDetailedListeningDirections:Listentothepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F ).Discusswithyourclassmateswhyyouthinkthestatementistrueorfalse.1.TherewerefiveoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy. (BecausethefivespokesonthereeloffilmsignifytheoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy:Actors,Wri ters,Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.)____T___2.TheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar"in1928.(Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar." )____F___3.TheAcademystaffbeganreferringtotheAcademystatuetteasOscarbecauseMargaretHerrick saidthestatuettewaslikeheruncleOscar. (AnAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHerrick,thoughtthestatuetter esembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andasaresulttheAcademystaffbeganreferringtoitasOscar. )___T__4.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards. (Therewereafewnotableexceptions.In1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicasofthest atuetteandaventriloquistEdgarBergengainedawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth.WaltD isneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettes.)——F——5.Oscarsweremadeofplasterinthe1940sbecauseoftheWar.(Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeofplaster.)———T—————T———7.55AcademyAwardswerestolenbyamysteriouspersonenroutefromtheWindyCitytotheCityo fAngelsonMarch10,2000.—————F(OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsjustmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCity totheCityofAngels,buthowandbywhomwasunknown.)8.Foreightyyears,theOscarshavesurvivedwar,weatheredearthquakes,managedtoescapeunsc athedfromcommonthievesandevenchemicalcorrosion.————F——ExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussionDirections:Listentothepassageagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.ThetraditionalOscarstatuettehasn'tchangedsincethe1940s,whenthebasewasmadehigher.In1945,thebasewaschangedfrommarbletometalandin1949,AcademyAwardstatuettesbega ntobenumbered,startingwithNo.501.2.(Open)SectionThree NewsNewsItem1BeijingOlympicsEnd,ParalympicsSettoBeginTheBeijingOlympicsendedSundaynightwithagrandclosingceremony.Beijing'sorganization,infrastructure,and iconicsportsvenues（标志性体育场馆）forthegameswerewidelypraisedduringtwoweeksofcompetition.BeijingisnowgearinguptohosttheParalympics-theworld'sbiggestsportingeventfort hosewithphysicaldisabilities.AspartofitsOlympicspreparations,Beijinghasmadeallofitssubwaystopsaccessibleto wheelchairs.DuringtheParalympics,therewillbe16dedicatedpublicbuslinesforthedisabl edand400shuttlebuses.Morethan4,000athleteswillcompeteintheParalympics,whichbeginSeptember6andl ast12days.TheathleteswillcompeteinandstayinthesamefacilitiesusedforOlympics,includ ingthepopularWaterCubeandBird'sNeststadium.Ex.A:SummarizethenewsThisnewsitemisaboutthecomingParalympics2008.Ex.B:Answerthequestions1.TheBeijingOlympicsendedSundaynightwithagrandclosingceremony.2.Beijing'sorganization,infrastructure,andiconicsportsvenuesforthegamesdrewwidelypraise dduringtwoweeksofcompetition..3.BeijingisnowgearinguptohosttheParalympics-theworld'sbiggestsportingeventforthosewith physicaldisabilities.4.DuringtheParalympics,therewillbe16dedicatedpublicbuslinesforthedisabledand400shuttle buses.5.Yes,theywillcompeteinandstayinthesamefacilitiesusedforOlympics,includingthepopularW aterCubeandBird'sNeststadium.NewsItem2ObamaOpensHigh-LevelUS-ChinaTalksPresidentObamasaysWashingtonandBeijingmustcooperatetotacklethebigproblemsfaci ngtheworld.Mr.ObamaspoketoagroupofThepresidentsaidtheofficialsmustworktogethertotackleworldwidechallenges,includingt heglobaleconomicrecession,climatechange,andthespreadofnuclearweapons.ThepresidentsaidheisundernoillusiontheUnitedStatesandChinawillagreeoneveryissue,o ralwaysseetheworldinthesameway.Andhemadeclearthathewouldcontinuetospeakoutabouth umanrights.PresidentObamastressedthatitisthesedifferencesthatmakedialogueevenmoreimportant. Hesaidthesediscussionsgivethetwosidesachancetogettoknoweachotherbetterandcommunicat econcernswithcandor.Ex.A:ListentothenewsandcompletethesummaryThisnewsitemisaboutthehigh-levelUS-ChinatalksthatObamaopens.Ex.B:PresidentObamasaysWashingtonandBeijingmustcooperateto tacklethebigproblems faci ngtheworld.MrObamaspoketohigh-levelAmericanandChineseofficialsastheylaunchedatwo-daymeet inginWashington.istodiscussabroadagendafrom currencyconcerns to foreignpolicy.Thepresidentsaidtheofficialsmustworktogethertotackleworldwidechallenges,inclu dingthe globaleconomicrecession,climatechange,andthespreadofnuclearweapons.Thepresidentsaidheis undernoillusion theUnitedStatesandChinawillagreeon everyiss ue,oralwaysseetheworld inthesameway.Andhemadeclearthathewillcontinuetospeakout abouthumanrights.PresidentObamastressedthatitisthesedifferencesthatmakedialogue evenmoreimporta nt.Hesaidthesediscussionsgivethetwosidesachanceto gettoknoweachotherbetter andc ommunicateconcernswithcandor.NewsItem3RussiatoSupplyChinawithSignificantPortionofOilNeeds TheoilRussiapumpsfromitsfrozen,Siberianfields,withoneenergydeal,willsoonprovideasi gnificantamountofChina'sdailyneeds,aboutfourpercent.Russiawilldeliverabout300,000barr elsofcrudeaday.Inreturn,ChinawillfinancethepipelineRussiawillbuildfromitseasternSiberia noilfieldstotheChineseborder.EnergyanalystssaythedealisanotherindicationofRussia'seagernesstoshiftsomeofitsenerg yexportsfromitsmainmarket,Europe.Russia'sstate-ownedpetroleumcompanyRosneft,willget$15billionoftheworkandthestate pipelineownerTransneft,issettoreceive$10billion.Constructionhasbeendelayedrepeatedlyasthetwocountriesbargainedoverthecostoftrans portingcrudeoiltotheborder.ButtheRussianoilindustry,whichfordecadeshasbeenamainsourceofrevenueforthecountr y,hassufferedadramaticshortfallasthepriceofoilfellduringtheglobaleconomiccrisis.EnergyanalystssaytheeconomyispushingRussiatobuildclosertieswiththeChinese.Theysa yRussiaalsoisseekingalliesintheEastwheretheKremlinisseenmorefavorablythanintheWest. ExerciseADirections:Listeningtothenewsitemandcompletethesummary.Thisnewsitemisabout theoilsupplyfromRussiatoChinaandtherelationshipbetweenthetwocou ntries.ExerciseB1.TSectionFourSupplementaryExercisesPart1FeaturereportChina'sMainConcernatG-20isDomesticChinaisaworldgrowthleader.Itscheap,manufacturedexportspowereconomiesaroundthegl obe.Thismeans,though,Chinaisnotimmunetotheglobaleconomicmalaise.Chineseexportshaves lowedanditsbullmarketdroppedsharplyinthewakeofthecreditcrisisintheUnitedStates.Thegovernmentboughtupstocksandloweredtradingtaxestoboostthemarket,buttradingre mainsvolatile.Justaheadof theG-20meeting,Chinaalsolowered interestrates andannounceda$586billions pendingpackage oninfrastructure,socialservicesand taxrebates.TheworldisnowwaitingtoseewhetherBeijing'sactions willhelprestoreglobaleconomicstabil ity.LiWan-Yong,aresearcheroneconomicsatSouthKorea'sHyundaiResearchInstitute."Chi nahasthemostforeigncurrencyreservesintheworldandthesecondmostU.S.debtafterJapan.Int hoseterms,ChinacanplayanimportantroletoovercometheglobaleconomiccrisisandtheAsianec onomiccrisis."China's ViceForeignMinister HeYafeisaysChinacanbesthelptheworldeconomyby stabilizingit sown."China'seconomymakesup alargepartoftheworldeconomy,"hesaid."WhetherornotChi na'seconomy isabletomaintainstability andcontinuegrowing,whetherornot China'sdomesticec onomy isstable,isveryimportantnotonlyto China's butalsoto theworld'seconomy."Analystssaythegovernment spendingpackage willtosomedegreehelpexporters,butitismain lyaimedat increasingdomesticconsumption.aregoodengineers.SlowingdemandfromtheUSandothercountrieshasforcedthousandsofChinesefactoriesto closeandraisedfearsofunrestasmillionsareexpectedtolosetheirjobs.Chineseofficialswarnexportswillcontinuetosufferbecauseoftheglobalslump,indicatingth eworstmaybeyettocome.Ex.A:Thisnewsreportisabout China’smainconcernattheG-20meetingwhichisaimedatincreasin gdomesticconsumption.Ex.B:Justaheadof theG-20meeting,Chinaalsolowered interestrates andannounceda$586billion spendingpackage oninfrastructure,socialservicesand taxrebates.TheworldisnowwaitingtoseewhetherBeijing'sactions willhelprestoreglobaleconomicstabil ity.China's ViceForeignMinister HeYafeisaysChinacanbesthelptheworldeconomyby stabiliz ingitsown."China'seconomymakesup alargepartoftheworldeconomy,"hesaid."Whetherorno tChina'seconomy isabletomaintainstability andcontinuegrowing,whetherornot China'sdomes ticeconomy isstable,isveryimportantnotonlyto China's butalsoto theworld'seconomy." Analystssaythegovernment spendingpackage willtosomedegreehelpexporters,butismainlyai medat increasingdomesticconsumption.Part2PassageRiseandFallofEgyptTheNileRiver*wasakindfriendbutoccasionallyitwasahardtaskmaster*.Ittaughtthepeopl ewholivedalongitsbanksthenobleartof"teamwork".Theydependeduponeachothertobuildthe irirrigationtrenchesandkeeptheirdikesinrepair.Inthiswaytheylearnedhowtogetalongwiththe irneighborsandtheirmutual-benefit-associationquiteeasilydevelopedintoanorganizedstate.Thenonemangrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsandhebecametheleaderoftheco mmunityandtheircommander-in-chiefwhentheenviousneighborsofwesternAsiainvadedthep rosperousvalley.InduecourseoftimehebecametheirKingandruledallthelandfromtheMediterr aneantothemountainsofthewest.Butthesepoliticaladventuresoftheoldpharaohs*(thewordmeant"theManwholivedintheB igHouse")rarelyinterestedthepatientandtoilingpeasantofthegrainfields.Providedhewasnoto bligedtopaymoretaxestohisKingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedt heruleofMightyOsiris*.Itwasdifferenthoweverwhenaforeigninvadercameandrobbedhimofhispossessions.Aftertwentycenturiesofindependentlife,asavageArabtribeofshepherds,calledtheHyksos* ,attackedEgyptandforfivehundredyearstheywerethemastersofthevalleyoftheNile.Theywere highlyunpopularandgreathatewasalsofeltfortheHebrewswhocametothelandofGoshen*tofin dashelteraftertheirlongwanderingthroughthedesertandwhohelpedtheforeignusurper*byact ingashistax-gatherersandhiscivilservants.Butshortlyaftertheyear1700B.C.,thepeopleofThebes*beganarevolutionandafteralongst ruggletheHyksosweredrivenoutofthecountryandEgyptwasfreeoncemore.Athousandyearslater,whenAssyria*conqueredallofwesternAsia,Egyptbecamepartofthe empireofSardanapalus*.IntheseventhcenturyB.C.,itbecameoncemoreanindependentstate,w hichobeyedtheruleofakingwholivedinthecityofSaisinthedeltaoftheNile.Butintheyear525B.C.,Cambyses,thekingofthePersians,tookpossessionofEgyptandinthefourthcenturyB.C.,whenPe rsiawasconqueredbyAlexandertheGreat,EgypttoobecameaMacedonianprovince.Itregained asemblanceofindependencewhenoneof Alexander’s generalssethimselfupasakingofanewEgyp tianstateandfoundedthedynastyofthePtolemies,whoresidedinthenewly-builtcityofAlexandri a.Finally,intheyear39B.C.,theRomanscame.ThelastEgyptianqueen,Cleopatra,triedherbe sttosavethecountry.HerbeautyandcharmweremoredangeroustotheRomangeneralsthanhalfa dozenEgyptianAugustus,thenephewandheirofCaesar,landedinAlexandria.Hedestroyedhera rmies,butsparedherlifethathemightmakehermarchinhistriumphaspartofthespoilsofwar.Wh enCleopatraheardofthisplan,shekilledherselfbytakingpoison.AndEgyptbecameaRomanpro vince.ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestionItistheGreatPyramidofGi1.ExerciseBSentenceDictationDirections:Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes.1.TheNileRiverwasakindfriendbutoccasionallyahardtaskmasterofthepeoplewholivedalongitsbanks.2.Induecourseoftime,onemanwhogrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsbecametheirKing.3.ProvidedhewasnotobligedtopaymoretaxestohisKingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedtheruleofMightyOsiris.4.Itwasdifferenthoweverwhenaforeigninvadercameandrobbedhimofhispossessions.EgyptregainedasemblanceofindependencewhenoneofAlexander'sgeneralssethimselfupaskin gofanewEgyptianstate.ExerciseCDetailedlisteningDirections:Listentothepassageandchoosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsenten ces.ExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussionDirections:Listentothepassageagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.ThelastEgyptianqueen,Cleopatra,triedherbesttosavethecountrywhentheRomanscameinth .,AugustuslandedinAlexandriaanddestroyedherarmies.Shekilledherselfbytaki ngpoison.2(Open)。

新视野大学英语视听说教程4(第二版)Unit 3_test答案-推荐下载

5. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.) A. The man thinks modern technology can tame nature while the woman does not. B. The woman thinks modern technology can tame nature while the man does not. C. Both the man and woman think mankind can conquer nature.
Unit 3 test Next
Part I
Script
Directions: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.
C. Tidal waves will strike the coasts of two continents. D. Tidal waves will die down along the coasts of Africa and North America.
4. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.) A. The man thinks human beings can change nature.

新视野大学英语视听说教程4(第二版)听力原文与答案

Unit 1 Enjoy your feelings!Lead inII(1)M:I'm beside myself with joy. I'm so lucky. Guess what? I've won a lot of moneyin the lottery.W:Really? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right?Q:What does the woman mean?(3)M:Susan, I hear you're going to marry that guy. Maybe you'll regret it.W:Is that so? Only time will tell.Q:What does the woman imply?(4)M:Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother's passing. Iknow how close you two were.W:Thank you. It was so sudden. I'm still in a state of shock. I don't know what to do.Q:Which of the following is true?(5)W :I get furious at work when my opinions aren't considered just because I'm a woman.(2)W:Mary was furious when her son wrecked up her car.M:He shouldn't have driven a car on his own without a driver's license. He's still taking driving lessons.Q:What do we know about Mary's son?M:You should air your views more emphatically and demand that your voice be heard.Q:What is the woman complaining about?C BD A Dl Listening InTask 1 what a clumsy man!Maria:Jack, can you help me move this heavy box?Jack:No problem, Maria. Here let me lift this end... Oops!Maria:Ouch! My foot! Come on, can't you be a little more cautious（谨慎的，小心的，慎重的）?Jack:I'm so sorry. It was an accident. No need to be furious（暴怒的，狂怒的，强烈的，激烈的，猛烈的）!Maria:You're always so clumsy（笨拙的，不灵活的，难用的，不细心的）, Jack. I'm really losing my patience with all the stupid mistakes you make around the office.Jack:Calm down, Maria; I'll certainly be more careful next time. This was just an accident.Maria:If you aren't more careful, then next time someone could be badly hurt. Oh, look! The glass in the box is all broken now. Mr. Johnson is going to fly into a rage（勃然大怒，大发雷霆；rage盛怒，狂怒，流行的，时髦的）.Jack:Oh no! What can I do to keep him from hitting the roof（大发雷霆；roof屋顶，天花板）?Maria:Well, you can begin by helping me clean up the mess and then honestly tell him about your mistake.Jack:Maybe if I offer to pay for the damage, he won't be so angry. What do you think?Maria:That might help solve the problem, though it could be quite expensive to replace it.Jack:Well, I'm willing to do what it takes to keep Mr. Johnson from explod ing（发怒，爆炸）.I need to keep my job!Keys: A C D C BTask 2 causes of depressionHello, everyone. Today I invite you to join me in an exploration of the causes of depression. There are many factors involved, but I believe some deserve special attention.Heredity certainly plays a role. The tendency to develop depression may be inherited; there is evidence that this disorder may run in families.Physiology is another factor related to depression. There may be changes or imbalances in chemicals which transmit information in the brain, called neurotransmitters. Many modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increase levels of certain neurotransmitters so as to increase brain communication. While the causal relationship is unclear, it is known that antidepressant medications do relieve certain symptoms of depression.Researchers also study psychological factors. They include the complex development of one's personality and how one has learned to cope with external environmental factors, such as stress. It is frequently observed that low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression. While it is not clear which is the cause and which is the effect, it is known that sufferers who are able to make corrections to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.Another factor causing depression is one's early experiences. Events such as the death of a parent, the divorce of the parents, neglect, chronic illness, and severe physical abuse can increase the likelihood of depression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression. Job loss, financial difficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member, or other painful events may trigger depression. Long-term stress at home, work, or school can also be involved.It is worth noting that those living with someone suffering from depression experience increased anxiety, which adds to the possibility of their also becoming depressed.14Keys: (1)families (2)chemicals (3)information (4) certain symptoms (5)self-esteem (6)thinking patterns (7)mood (8)divorce (9)physical abuse (10)financial difficulties (11)stress (12)anxietyTask 3 happiness indexAustralians were the happiest people in the world according to a survey undertaken by two market researchers. They conducteddoor-to-door surveys and interviews with nearly 30,000 people in 30 countries. They asked respondents how satisfied they were with their overall quality of life. Forty-six percent of Australians proclaimed to be "very happy" and expressed optimism about their future. Following them in the "very happy" group was the USA (40 percent), Egypt (36 percent), India (34 percent) and the UK and Canada (32 percent). Hungary got the wooden spoon, finishing bottom of the happiness chart. Thirty-five percent of its citizens said they were either "disappointed" or "very unhappy", followed by Russians at 30 percent.The research demonstrated that money and age were key determinants in how happy people are. Although the study did not indicate money could buy happiness, it did reveal a link between a lack of money and unhappiness. Less happy populations were found among lower-income groups or the unemployed.The study also suggested that on the whole, the older we become, the less happy we are. Globally, teenagers are the happiest people. The age group with the lowest levels of happiness was 50-59. Only 16 percent of those in their 50s said they were very happy.The factors that make us happy include good health, financial security and a happy marriage. Material comforts such as cars, clothes and gadgets ranked comparatively low.Keys: B D A A Cl Let’s TalkWhen I first met my parents, I was really shy, and I was, and I was in my foster home and I ran upstairs, shy, and I was in my bedroom crying, and my mum came up and said, "Oh William, are you OK?" and I ignored my mum, 'cause I didn't know her and I was scared. So, then my foster mum came up and I came down and we had some fun time. It was nice when I first arrived. I thought, "Oh goody, two sisters, I can play with them." But now it's just, "Oh no, not them again!" I argue with one of my sisters about her rabbits, 'cause she doesn't let me touch them. Well she does, but...When I have a bit of a bad time with my sister, I go and speak with my mum and my dad. I feel most comfortable speaking to my dad about all my worries and stuff. I wish I had a brother in this family, but then it's just nice (being...) having two sisters, but I'd rather have a brother anyway. I mix with different people. I'm mostly friends with adults, 'cause I normally see adults more than children for some reason, I don't know why. It was scary going from my primary school to secondary school, but then that's just me growing up, and I've got to take the chances and take, just take what I've learned already and just move on and learn different things.Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two sisters (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) comfortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) secondary (17) growing up (18) learnl Further Listening and SpeakingTask 1: Big John is coming!A bar owner in the Old West just hired a timid bartender. The owner of the establishment was giving his new employee some instructions on running the place. He told the timid man, "If you ever hear that Big John is coming to town, drop everything and run for the hills! He's the biggest, nastiest outlaw who's ever lived!"A few weeks passed uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand came running through town yelling, "Big John is coming to town! Run for your lives!"When the bartender left the bar to start running, he was knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. As he was picking himself up, he saw a large man, almost seven feet tall. He was muscular, and was growling as he approached the bar.He stepped up to the door, ordered the poor bartender inside, and demanded, "I want a beer NOW!"And with one strike of his heavy fist, he split the bar in half. The bartender nervously handed the big man a beer, hands shaking. He took the beer, bit the top of the bottle off, and downed the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hid behind the bar, the big man got up to leave. "Do you want another beer?" the bartender asked in a trembling voice."Dang it, I don't have time!" the big man yelled. "I got to get out of town! Didn't you hear Big John is coming?"(S1) owner (S2) running(S3) drop (S4) run(S5) local (S6) yelling,(S7) lives(S8) As he was picking himself up, he saw a large man, almost seven feet tall.(S9) The bartender nervously handed the big man a beer, hands shaking. (S10)I got to get out of town! Didn't you hear Big John is comingTask 2 Reason and emotionEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason, as is suggested by phrases such as "appeal to emotions rather than reason" and "don't let your emotions take over". Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they cannot control themselves. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is the contradiction between emotion and reason.However, recent empirical studies do not suggest that there is a clear distinction between reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed facts. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called "cold", and others involving the extreme of pure emotion not related to any logical argument, which is called "the heat of passion". The relation between logic and emotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, even one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that typically there is no "pure" decision or thought; that is, no thought is based "purely" on intellectual logic or "purely" on emotion—most decisions are founded on a mixture of both.Key : A B C C DTask 3 Every cloud has a silver liningPat:You look depressed. Are you feeling blue? I've come to cheer you up.Ted:But there's nothing that can cheer me up. I'm down in the dumps. Life's miserable. Pat:You have to try to get your mind off things.Ted:But I can't. I just feel there's too much pressure on me sometimes!Pat:You can't let things get you down. Learn to relax and stop worrying all the time. What's your problem anyway?Ted:I failed my last exam, and another exam is coming. What can I do?Pat:If I were you, I'd start working hard. If you work hard for a long time, you're bound to get better grades. You see, "no pain, no gain."Ted:It's easier said than done. I get bored after reading only for 15 minutes.Pat:You have to learn some self-discipline.Ted:Worse than that! If I work for half an hour, I get a headache. Then I start to worry about passing the next exam.Pat:It's all in your mind. Stay cheerful and everything will soon be OK.Ted:But how can I stay cheerful all the time?Pat:Try to look on the bright side of things.Ted:But what if there isn't a bright side?Pat:You know the saying: Every cloud has a silver lining. It means there're always two sides of everything—both the dark and bright sides. So, try to identify your strengths and then bring them into full play.Ted:Oh no! Your old sayings are making me even more depressed.Key : T F F T Fl Viewing and speakingReporter:They are, of course, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, but when a certain Dr. Livingstone chanced upon them 150 years ago, one can only presume he didn'tindulge in this...Attendant:5, 4, 3, 2, 1 BUNGEE!Reporter:The Victoria Falls, long a favourite with tourists, now a mecca for bungee jumpers from across the globe. They launch themselves from the bridge spanning themagnificent gorge. At 111 metres, it's the highest natural bungee jump in theworld.Man:It just goes by so fast and just you don't really know what's happening. Simple as that, you don't know what's happening.Woman:Um, it's pretty awesome, yeah it's cool!Reporter:Briton Tim Barker is nervously contemplating his first ever jump; the first time he's trusted his life to an ankle harness and an elasticated rope.AttendantYou gotta check one...#1:AttendantCheck two...#2:AttendantYou gotta check one and two...#1:TimI'm crazy. I don't know.Barker:Attendant: A bit of adrenalin?TimNo, I think I'm stupid!Barker:Attendant:BUNGEE!Reporter:Are you glad you did it?TimYeah, I am. I'd never do it again though. No way!Barker:Reporter:The world's bungee aficionados describe this as the ultimate thrill, what you might call the alternative Victoria Falls. The experts are already taking danger to thelimits, plunging into the Zambezi before springing back skywards. But if sheer fearisn't enough to deter you, the price, £60 a jump, probably will. These thrills don'tcome cheap!Key ：(1) Seven (2) 150 (3) favourite (4) bridge (5) 111 (6) fast (7) Simple (8) trusted (9) stupid (10) did (11) No way (12) ultimate (13) limits (14) skywards (15)£60 (16)cheapUnit 2 Beauty can be bought.IfdaehibcjII(1)W:Did you hear that Helen got that modeling job? Her dream was coming true.M:Wow, that's great! All that walking practice really paid off. And for once she won't be complaining about being so tall.Q:Why did Helen get the modeling job?(2)M:Julia, come and see the Miss America contest on TV. All those beautiful women arewalking around in bathing suits, so the judges can decide who has the best figure.W:Bah! That's the worst kind of exploitation. They are treating women like toys for people to enjoy. I would never take part in this kind of contest.Q:What do the speakers think about the beauty contest?(3)W:What shall I do? I'm fat. I want to be slim and beautiful, but I'm fat. I've tried all the newdiet—high carb, low carb—but nothing works.M:Those diets are just fads, popular for a while and then forgotten. Just follow the usual diet with fruits, vegetables, fish, water, and get plenty of exercise. Before long you'll seeresults.Q:What has the woman tried?(4)IW1:thinkLilysr e a l l ya t t r a c t i v e .S h e ' sh a l fS p a n iha n dh a st h i sr e a l l ys u l t r yl o o ka b oth e r .W 2:T h a te x p l a i n sw h ys h et a n ss ow e l l .I ' v ea l w a y sb e e nj e a l o u so fh e rskincolorinthesummer.Q:WhichoftefollowingistrueofLily?(5)M:Trust me. It was right there on the Internet: "Plastic surgery increasing at a faster rate amongmen". Apparently more and more men are trying to improve their appearance.W:I saw it too on the news. Facelifts, nose jobs, and Botox to hide wrinkles are now very popular with men. They say it's for business reasons, but we know it's vanity.Q:What does the woman think the real reason is for men to have plastic surgery? BACDBIII1.Susan:Rebecca, nice to run into you here. Shopping for anything special?Rebecca:Yes, Susan, makeup. You know, there's a new boy in my law class and I want to make an impression on him.Susan:I'm the one who wears makeup, not you. I've always thought you looked very attractive without makeup—you know, sort of natural.Rebecca:Well, thanks, Susan, but most girls wear makeup these days and I want to compete.Susan:Maybe I can help. My suggestion is that you start with a good makeup base. Look here, this one is made from natural products from the Dead Sea, so it won't irritateyour skin.Rebecca:OK. A bit expensive, but I guess I'm worth it. What's next?Susan:You want to give a good overall impression. You have beautiful eyes, so you should highlight them with some mascara to make your eyelashes look fuller and thicker.Rebecca:I'll buy this one—also made from natural products. How about eyeliner too?Susan:Yes, but you want a subtle color to bring out the green in your eyes... without looking like a clown!Rebecca:That's what I want... to make other girls into green-eyed monsters. How does this one look?Susan:Good choice. Now if we can add a bit of color to your cheeks, you will be the classiestof the class.Rebecca:Thanks! But you haven't said anything about lipstick. I'll need a tube of that, too.Susan:This color will perfectly complement to the rest of your makeup. You look elegant and classy.CAADB2.Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. I hope you'll find it interesting learning how to be fashionable without spending too much money.Sure, some famous stars always look stylish. They have unlimited clothing budgets that put the latest looks at their fingertips! But you can also look amazing without spending lots of money on your wardrobe. Simply try the following suggestions on for size.First, make seasonal purchases; that is, you should buy winter coats, leather jackets, bathing suits, and summer dresses at the end of the season. You'll get major discounts as you stock up for the next year.If you want clothes to wear right now, go to discount stores. They may not be the place to buy an expensive evening dress, but they're perfect for buying things likeT-shirts.There is yet another cheap way to buy stylish clothes. Many department stores have store brands, which offer current styles but are much cheaper than big-name brands.To save money, an important principle is not to buy "outfits". With the exception of suits, interchangeable pieces are more affordable.Wear-with-anything pieces are always a good buy. For example, you can almost always wear a pair of black trousers and a white dress shirt; you can wear them several times a week, paired with different accessories. Accessories such as nice shoes and fashionable bags make even the simplest outfit look polished.Finally, a great haircut always helps. When your hair looks fabulous, you look more stylish and fashionable.Correct answerthe enddiscountsT-shirtsbig-name brandsInterchangeable piecesblack trousersseveral timessimpleststylish and fashionable3.A beauty contest, or beauty pageant, is based mainly, though not only, on thephysical beauty of the contestants. But often it also includes personality, talent demonstration, and question responses as criteria of judgment.The origin of modern beauty pageants can be traced to the Miss America Pageant, which was first held in Atlantic City in 1921. This pageant eventually included preliminary eliminations, an evening gown competition, musical variety shows, and judging by the panel. Still, the contests were at first shunned by middle-class society. Pageants did not become respectable until World War II, when beauty queens were recruited to sell bonds and to entertain the troops. The Miss America Pageant is the largest provider of college scholarships for women in the world.Many trade associations have multi-level beauty contests which select queens as ceremonial representatives. The queens may appear at official receptions to presentawards, to represent the industry in festivals, to present consumer information to the public, or even to lobby for the industry. For example the South Carolina Watermelon Queen may do a tour of supermarkets to do tastings of different varieties of watermelons. With the increasing popularity of beauty contests, winners have become role models for many young girls. They aspire to become a beauty queen one day.However, there are also criticisms of beauty contests. Although some contests are not based purely on physical appearance, "unattractive" contestants are unlikely to win, no matter how talented, intelligent, kind-hearted and educated they are. In addition, since "beauty" in these pageants is usually represented by unusually thin women, some people question this concept of beauty. Worse still, if a pageant violates the religious or cultural practices of a country, it may cause protests and demonstrations.ABACDV let’s talkTask 1In the early part of the 20th century, few people paid attention to fashion. It was only the very wealthy who changed their clothing styles to what they thought were the latest fashions of the day. Fashion in the 1900s was designed to give women an hourglass or s-curved figure. This was achieved by using a tightly fitting corset, stiff underwear worn around their hips and waist to make the body look slimmer. Compared to the last century, women's dresses became lighter in construction and material. A popular style in this period was the lingerie dress, a very light white cotton dress with strips of open lace and net. In the 1900s women's hats began to grow larger. A trend in the early part of this decade was to wear them tilted slightly forward. In Europe, men's clothes had become more formal, but the opposite was true in the United States. There the popular style was brightly colored shirts with hard white collars worn under sporty jackets. In the 1900s men's hats continued to be very popular and were worn by both the rich and the poor. When a new type of hat was first introduced, there was often a period when people from different classes wore it. However, after some time usually members of only one class would wear it. In the early 20th century, top hats were typically worn by wealthy people especially at formal occasions, such as weddings and church services. Often they were accompanied by silk gloves and a cane. Poorer people, on the other hand, particularly younger workers, would usually wear cloth caps.wealthyclothing stylesfigureslimmerconstructionlightlargerformalbrightly coloredthe rich and the poorone classoccasionsPoorer peopleFurther listening > Task 1Stylist:Morning, sir. This chair, please. What can I do for you?Nick: A simple haircut—short on the back and sides.Stylist:Very good. I can, of course, do something more fashionable for only $60.Nick:Sixty dollars! That's highway robbery—twice what I ordinarily pay.Stylist:Perhaps, sir. But your haircuts haven't been in harmony with your character. Your hair is at war with your soul.Nick:I've never heard of such a thing.Stylist:I'm an expert at matching hairstyles to personalities, if I may say. Believe me, you're suffering a "disjunction".Nick: A disjunction? What the devil is a disjunction?Stylist:Your hair does not match you.Nick:This is utter nonsense. However, I'd like to hear how you'd solve this so-called problem.Stylist:Your character is artistic, imaginative. But your hair is dull. I can correct that imbalance in seconds.Nick:OK, let me see what you can do about the... uh... disjunction, as you call it.Stylist:We're going to use scissors to create peaks, which we'll keep in place with a liberal helping of gel... This tuft in the back we'll braid into a pigtail. Now, it's the new you!Nick:I love it. It's just like me: imaginative and artistic. Now what are you doing? What's wrong?Stylist:Something's preventing your hairstyle from being a true fashion statement.Nick:For heaven's sake, tell me what's missing.Stylist:Streaks. By putting in a few yellow streaks in your hair, it will become a work of art.Streaking will cost you more, but...Nick:Do it. Forget the cost. But, by the way, what is the total getting to be? How much am I paying to avoid the disjunction?Stylist:That's... $135. Sir? Sir, are you all right? Oh, he fainted.CAABATask 2John:There goes Camilla. She looks gorgeous today, doesn't she? Her skin is as smooth as a baby's bottom. Her lips are a perfect Cupid's bow. She must have dozens of admirers.Becky:I wonder what she looks like without all that makeup. She must put it on with a spoon.It's like a mask. I don't understand what men find so attractive about her.John:Do I detect a hint of jealousy?Becky:She has nothing for me to be jealous about.John:I'll bet you believe in those sayings like, "Beauty is in the eye of the beholder."Becky:True beauty comes from within. Natural materials should be enough to bring it out.John:But do you always stick to those rules? I remember seeing you in the kitchen with some green substance smeared all over your face.Becky:They were cucumbers. They're natural healers of the skin. Haven't you heard people say on TV that they soften the skin, wipe out the roughness, and build strength andresilience?John:Yeah, yeah, yeah! They wipe out lines and age signs. Blah, blah, blah! See, I can even recite that advertisement.Becky:You've learned a lot, haven't you?John:Since you can keep your skin so young-looking and maintain your figure so well, you might as well write a book on beauty secrets.Becky:Don't pull my leg. Anyway, you'd do well to try the cucumber treatment on yourself. Putsome cucumber slices on your head. At least they'll keep that bald spot from shining sobrightly.BABABTask 3Susan:Hi, Rebecca, are you all excited about the big trip?Rebecca:Hi, Susan. I sure am. Mix business and pleasure and travel on an expense account.Susan:It looks as if I'll have to pay extra for overweight luggage. How did you manage to fit everything into one suitcase?Rebecca:You need to pack smart. First, I chose two colors, and then built my wardrobe around them.Susan:But we will need clothes for dress, casual wear, and sometimes sort of in-between "dressy casual".Rebecca:That's all true enough, but I have a pair of black dress slacks, with black shoes to match. If I wear that with my turquoise silk blouse and a matching necklace andearrings, I will look dressed up.Susan:Sure you will, but that is only one outfit.Rebecca:If I wear a T-shirt with the same slacks, I am more casual.Susan:And you really have two outfits, don't you?Rebecca:Well, not really, I have three. If I bring a pashmina, or a dress scarf, I can dress up the T-shirt into casual chic.Susan:Three outfits? But your suitcase doesn't look nearly that full!Rebecca:Yes, and if I add a skirt that works with the blouse and the T-shirt, it increases the。

新视野大学英语视听说教程4(第二版)Unit 3_test答案

Unit 3 testNextPart I ScriptDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. 4.0.B. 4.5.C. 6.0.D. 6.5.2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The crops were all failed in this area because of the drought.B. The area was hit by the worst drought in the last 30 years.C. The government should improve the development of the infrastructurein the area.D. The irrigation system in this area played an important role in copingwith the drought.3.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. There will be a volcanic eruption on La Palma Island.B. La Palma Island will be completely submerged.C. Tidal waves will strike the coasts of two continents.D. Tidal waves will die down along the coasts of Africa and NorthAmerica.4.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man thinks human beings can change nature.B. The woman thinks human beings can change nature.C. The man thinks human beings can do nothing in the face of naturedisaster.D. The woman thinks human beings can do nothing but minimizing lossesin the face of natural disasters.5.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man thinks modern technology can tame nature while the woman doesnot.B. The woman thinks modern technology can tame nature while the man doesnot.C. Both the man and woman think mankind can conquer nature.D. Neither the man nor the woman thinks mankind can conquer nature.Part II ScriptDirections: Listen to the passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from (1) to (7) with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from (8) to (10), write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third time, check your answers.A few years ago, my friend and I were walkingmy home in a northernTeheran. This area is well-known becauseit is a beautiful avenue thatlocated at theThat day, the sun was(6)were walking between the two circles, it started raining very hard. We started toraining so hard that we decided to go inside a restaurant instead.(8)At first, we did not know what was going on. We went outside the restaurant to see what was happening. People seemed shocked.(9)We were scared. Cars, rocks, and people were floating on the water like little toys toward the little market at the south end of the circle. The height of the water was almost to the top of the trees.After a few minutes, the flood's flow was reduced, so we decided to leave the area before the water entered the street we were on.(10)Later, we also learned that a dam had burst during the rain.Your answer Correct answer(1) at at(2) section section(3) connects connects(4) bottom bottom(5) shining shining(6) As As(7)cross cross(8) The minutes later, as we were looking outthe window,we saw everyone was running away from soming Ten minutes later, as we were lookingout the window, we saw everyone wasrunning away from something (9) Ahuge flood was stresming down the mountain.We were standing on a higher place,so we could see everything A huge flood was streaming down the mountain. We were standing on a higher place, so we could see everything (10)It was reported that the flood destroyed a big area andapproximately 300 people were killedor disappeared that dayPart IIIScriptDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. Why was the door to the balcony wide open?A. The weather was hot.B. It was too moist inside.C. It was too dry inside.D. The scene outside was beautiful.2. Why was the speaker unable to close the windows?A. The window was deformed.B. The wind was too strong.C. He was scared stiff by the loud thunder.D. He was frightened by the lightning.3. How did the speaker manage to close the window?A. He asked his wife to close it together.B. He used a mop to close it.C. He waited until the wind was less strong.D. He waited until the hail was over.4.What did the speaker do after seeing the lightning?A. He closed the window.B. He turned off the TV.C. He turned off the lights.D. He pulled out the electrical plugs.5.What is the sequence of the events?A. Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—sun—hail.B. Sun—hail—thunder and lightning—wind—sun.C. Sun—wind—thunder and lightning—hail—sun.D. Sun—wind—hail—thunder and lightning—sun.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1.Our flight to Tokyo was delayed by 12 hours. A typhoon ______ the east coastand it was chaos.A. beatB. hitC. struck atD. attacked on2.Tsunami waves can be ____________ meters high. They toss cars and housesaround as though they were children's toys.A. a dozen ofB. dozen ofC. dozensD. dozens of3.A blizzard is a severe weather condition ___________ low temperatures andstrong winds, greater than 35 miles per hour, bearing a great amount of snow.A. characterized byB. characterized withC. characteristic ofD. characteristic with4.But it is generally agreed that in order to be classified as a blizzard,___________ merely a winter storm, the weather must meet severalconditions.A. which opposed toB. which opposed withC. as opposed toD. as opposed with5.When all of these conditions continue after snow has stopped falling, thestorm ________________ a ground blizzard.A. is referred asB. is referred toC. is referred to asD. referring to as6.People _________ in a whiteout can quickly become disoriented, ________their sense of up and down as well as their sense of direction.A. catching...losingB. caught...lostC. catching...lostD. caught...losing7.The scale of the resulting deaths or property damage depends on the humanability to ________ the disasters.A. resistB. resist toC. resist againstD. resist from8.During a drought, food and water supplies can _________.A. run lowlyB. run lowC. drop lowlyD. drop low9.Thousands of stock farmers will have to slaughter their livestock ________because there is no grass left.A. on a big wayB. with a big wayC. in a large scaleD. on a large scale10.The fire department from the nearby town was called to put the fire _____.A. outB. downC. awayD. off。

听力教程答案施心远—

听力教程4答案施心远（1—13）Unit 1Section 1Listening and Translation1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay forcollege.3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.4.Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.5.There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section 2Part 1 Dialogue 1-8 A C D C B C B APart 2 passage Ex C: 1-8 F F T T F T T FSection 3News Item 1China's wasted no time insetting put the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007, when the astronauts will attempt a space walk. After that, scientists will focus on developing the capability to rendezvous* and dock* with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future.The announcement comes just hours after the country's second manned space mission touched down in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia. The returning astronauts have been given a hero's welcome, riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route, waving Chinese flags. It's a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program, viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige.A: …about China’s ambitious space program.B:1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望)Future plan1. 1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with otherspacecraft3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future. News Item 2China's economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking* their inventories and confidence is returning.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.A: … about the growth of China’s economy.News Item 3If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa, many of the consumer goods on sale, from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps, are likely to be Chinese. In a very large number of African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.Sino-African trade, and aid, is large and growing. Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult, the links between the world's largest developing country, China, and the world's largest developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa* had heard Chinese promises to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.B：1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been builtwith Chinese aid money.2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12billion dollars a year.3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-coloniallinks between Europe and Africa.4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-freeaccess into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Unit 2Section 1Listening and Translation1.Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.2.So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protectagainst disease.4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything toprotect or improve health.5.but they noted that some do help to prevent disease.1.有些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。

听力教程4第二版答案施心远

听力教程4第二版答案施心远【篇一：施心远主编听力教程4 第2版unit2答案】lass=txt>施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案unit 2section one: tactics for listeningpart 1: listening and translation1. some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.一些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。

2. so they take products with large amounts of vitamins.因此他们服用大量的维生素制剂。

3. they think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康、预防疾病 .4. medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障获增进健康的证明。

5. but they noted that some do help to prevent disease.但是他们注意到期中一些确实有助于预防疾病。

section two listening comprehensionpart 1 dialogue psychology and psychiatry1. psychology and psychiatry2. classification and mental illness3. schizophrenia4. mental illnesspart 2 passagei couldnt stop dietingex. b: sentence dictation1. after five years of marriage, stan would leave me. i’d be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.2. several months after our wedding, as i was striving to be the “perfect” wife, the anorexia reemerged.3. as much as i wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction had become my sole means of coping with stress.4. slowly, i became convinced that only i myself had the power to transform my heart and life.5. transparent honesty was the first step, and i’ve learned that i’llbeaccepted for who i am by my husband.ex. c: detailed listening.1. t. i’m solely resoponsible for the destruction of my marriage.2. t. stan and i had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same christian high school.3. f. i’d been frighteningly thin, but stan had ignored my emaciated appearance.4. f. my counselor assured me that i’d progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy.5. t. though i’d prepared hearty meals for stan, i carefully restricted what i ate, panicking any time i hadn’t exercised “enough”. stan’s career change only added to the stress.6. t. the anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.7. t. whenever stan and i would have a conflict, i’d add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip a meal.8. t. we continued counseling sessions, and i learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light—as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear i’d never be loved for who i was.ex. d: after-listening discussion1. what experiences had led her to be so uncertain about marriage?she used to have an unpleasant childhood. verbal, sexual abuses she suffered in her childhood led not only to anorexia, but rebellion and promiscuity. though she knew stan cared for her, a little voice in her head insisted she wasn’t good enough for him, and that sh e’d eventually lose him.2. what was the result after a year’s counseling?after a year’s counseling, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a new light—as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear she’d never be loved for who she was. slowly, she became convinced that only she herself had the power to transform her heart and life. she was no longer deceptive about anorexia, and stopped hiding her past.3. if you got anorexia, what would you do? (open)section three newsnews item 1ex. a: summarize the newsthis news item is about a meeting in hong kong trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.ex. b: listen to the news again and answer the questions.【篇二：听力教程4答案全_主编施心远】tion 1listening and translation1. a college education can be very costly in the united states.2. rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.3. there are different federal loans and private loans for students.4. interest rates on some of these loans will go up on july 1st.5. there are growing concerns that many students graduatewith too much debt.1. 在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

听力教程习题答案1-7

《听力教程》第四册课后习题答案（Unit 1-7）Unit 1Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3Section 4Part 1 Exercise AT F F F TPart 2 Exercise BUnit 2 Section 3News Item 1News Item 2Venue: Malaysian captial Kuala LumpurNews Item 3Section 4Part 1Part 2Exercise B1.Cooking should be a labor of love, and feeding others brings you joy and satisfaction.2.Although hanburgers and hot dogs on the grill may be standard summer fare for many, forNew yorkers it is a genuine delicacy and our gracious hosts knew it!3.Elaborate and somewhat formal for a university setting, these dinners cultivated Sarah’s loveof entertaining for her friends and family.4.For years my dear friend Carol has been preparing her spectacular knockwurst for me and myfamily.5.The killer accent to her knockwurst is celery salt, an influence from her Midwesternupbringing and Chicago family.Unit 3 Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3Section 4Part 1Part 2Exercise B1.The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” is required to have this effect.2.The Queen’s study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversationis more important than when the eye contact occurs.3.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyeddifferent levels of attention.4.The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receivea greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5.The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages.Unit 4 Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3Section 4 Part 1Part 2Exercise B1.During his training he became aware that his calling was to convert the pagans toChristianilty.2.But two years later, Patrick, having adopted that Christian name earlier, was appointed assecond bishop to Ireland.3.His mission in Ireland lasted for 30 years. After that time, Patrick retireed to County Down.4.He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commenorated as St. Patrick’s Day eversince.5.Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick’s Day has evolved into more of a secularholiday.Unit 5 Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3Section 4Part 1Part 2Exercise B1.The United States is in the midst of a “merger wave.”Most mergers actually benefitcompetition and consumers by allowing firms to operate more efficiently.2.Generally, at least two conditions are necessary for a merger to have a likely anticompetitiveeffect.3.The elimination of head-to-head competition between two leading firms may result inunilateral anticompetitive effect.4.In many areas of the country, the merger would have reduced the number of superstorecompetitors.5. A potential competition merger is the acquisition of a company that is planning to enter amarket and compete with the acquiring ompany (or vice versa).Exercise CT T F T F F T TUnit 6 Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3Section 4Part 1Part 2Exercise B1.Superstition seems to run, a submerged river of crude religion, below the surface of humanconsciousness.2.Superstition, the theologians tell us, comes from a Latin word which means to stand in terrorof the Deity.3.The psychoanalysts have their explanation, but calling a superstition a compulsion neurosisdoes not banish it.4.Superstition seems to have a link with some body of belief that far antedates the religions weknow.5.Superstition in general is linked to man’s yearning to know his fate, and to have some hand indeciding it.Exercise CT T T T F F F FUnit 7Section 3News Item 1News Item 2News Item 3This news item is about the dispute over the cut of government subsidies the European farmersSection 4Part 1world.3. Inspiring others to do something that can make a difference.Part 2Exercise BExercise CT T T F T T T F。

施心远主编《听力教程》4-(第2版)Unit-4答案

A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 4Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1.Clara Barton made a big difference in many lives.克拉拉·巴顿极大地改变了许多人的生活。

2.She went to the fields of battle to nurse the wounded.她前往战场护理伤员。

3.She wrote letters in support of an American Red Cross organization.她写信支持建立美国红十字会组织。

4.The United States Congress signed the World's Treaty of the International Red Cross.美国国会签署了国际红十字公约。

5.Today her work continues to be important to thousands of people in trouble.今天，她的工作对于成千上万遭遇困难的人来说仍然很重要。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueHow to Be a Good InterviewerExercise: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. A2. D3. C4. D5. A6.B7. D8. A9. D 10. A 11. CScript of the dialogue:prerequisitesomething that is required in advance先决条件,前提tombstonea stone that is used to mark a grave墓碑aidesomeone who acts as assistant 助手aforesaidbeing the one previously mentioned or spoken of;上述的,前述的spin有倾向性地陈述；〔尤指〕以有利于自己的口吻描述Interviewer: With all your experience of interviewing, Michael, how can you tell if somebody is going to make a good interviewer?Parkinson: Oh, I say, what a question! I’ve never been asked that before. Urn, I think that the prerequisite obviously is curiosity. I think that’s the, er, a natural one, not an assumed one. I think the people who have, um, done my job—and the graveyard of the BBC is littered with them, their tombstones are there, you know—who failed to have been because basically they’ve not been journalists. Um, my training was in journalism. I’ve been 26 years a journalist and er, to be a journalistargues that you like meeting people to start with, and also you want to find out about them. So that’s the prerequisite. After that, I think there’s something else that comes into it, into play, and I think, again, most successful journalists have it—it’s a curious kind of affinity with people, it’s an ability to get on with people, it’s a kind of body warmth, i f you like. If you knew the secret of it and could bottle it and sell it, you’d make a fortune.Interviewer: When you’ve done an interview yourself, how do you feel whether it’s been a good interview or not a good interview?Parkinson: I can never really tell, er, on air. I have to watch it back, because television depends so much on your director getting the right shot, the right reaction. You can’t; it’s amazing. Sometimes I think “Oh, that’s a boring interview〞and just because of the way my director shot it, and shot reaction, he’s composed a picture that’s made it far more interesting than it actually was.Interviewer: How do you bring out the best in people, because you always seem to manage to, not only relax them, but somehow get right into the depths of them.Parkinson: By research, by knowing, when you go into a television studio, more about the guest in front you than they’ve forgotten about themselves. And, I mean that’s pure research. I mean, you probably use…in a 20-minute interview, I probably use a 20th of the researchmaterial that I’ve absorbed, but that’s what you’re gonna have to do. I mean I once interviewed Robert Mitchum for 75 minutes and the longest reply I got from him was “yes〞. And that…that’s the only time I’ve used every ounce of research and every question that I’d ever thought of, and a few that I hadn’t thought of as well. But that really is the answer—it’s research. When people say it to you, you know, “Oh you go out and wing it, I mean that’s nonsense. If anybody ever tries to tell you that as an interviewer just starting, that you wing it, there’s no such thing. It’s all preparation; it’s knowing exactly what you’re going to do at any given point and knowing what you want from the person.Interviewer: And does that include sticking to written questions or do you deviate?Parkinson: No, I mean what you do is you have an aide memoir. I have, my…my list of questions aren’t questions as such, they’re areas that I block out, and indeed, I can’t remember, I can’t recall, apart from t he aforesaid Mr. Mitchum experience, when I’ve ever stuck to that at all. Because, quite often you’ll find that they spin off into areas that you’ve not really thought about and perhaps it’s worth pursuing sometimes. The job is very much like, actually, tr affic cop; you’re like you’re on point duty and you’re…you know, you’re directing the flow of traffic when you’re directing the flow of conversation. That’s basically what you’re doing, when you’re doing a talk-show, in my view.Interviewer: Have you got a last word of encouragement for any young people setting out on what they’d like to be a career as an interviewer?Parkinson: I, I, envy them, I mean, I really do. I mean I’d go back and do it all again. I think it’s the most perfect job for any young pers on who’s got talent and ambition and energy. And the nice thing about it is that the proportion of talent is only five percent; the other 95 percent is energy and no examinations to pass. I’d love to do it over again.Part 2 Passage Emily DavisonEx. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat do you know about the Women’s Rights Movement?It was launched in 1848 at the world’s first Women’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1. So dearly did she love women that she offered her life as their ransom.2. Emily found work as a school teacher and eventually she raised enough money to return to university education.3. In 1909, Emily gave up full-time teaching so that she could devote more of her time to the WSPU.4. The scale of her militant acts increased and in December 1911 she was arrested for setting fire to pillar boxes.5. Once she had recovered her health, Emily began making plans tocommit an act that would give the movement maximum publicity.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1872; literature; leave; find the £20-a-term-fees; 1906; one of the chief stewards; hand a petition; March 1909; two months; stone throwing; setting fire to pillar boxes1913; ran out; grab the bridle; fractured her skull; died; consciousnessEx. D: After-listening Discussion1. Why did Emily jump down an iron staircase and run out on the course at the derby?Because Emily was convinced that women would not win the vote until the suffragette movement had a martyr. She therefore committed those acts in order to give the movement more publicity.2. What do you think about Emily Davison?Open.Script of Passage:So greatly did she care for freedom that she died for it. So dearly did she love women that she offered her life as their ransom. That is the verdict given at the Great Inquest of the Nation on the death of Emily Wilding Davison.Emily Davison was born at Blackheath in 1872. Successful at school she won a place at Holloway College to study literature. But two years later she was forced to leave after her recently widowed mother was unable to find the 20-a-term fees. Emily found work as a schoolteacher in Worthing. Eventually she raised enough money to return to university education. After graduating from London University she obtained a post teaching the children of a family in Berkshire.Emily joined the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) in 1906 and in June 1908 she was one of the chief stewards at a WSPU demonstration in London. The following year Emily gave up full-time teaching so that she could devote more of her time to the WSPU.In March1909, Emily was arrested while attempting to hand a petition to the Prime Minister. Emily was found guilty of causing a disturbance and sentenced to one-month imprisonment. In September 1909 she received a sentence of two months for stone throwing. She was released after going on hunger strike. A few days after leaving prison, Emily Davison, Mary Leigh and Constance Lytton were caught throwing stones at a car taking David Lloyd George, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to a meeting in Newcastle. The women were sentenced to one month’s hard labor. The women went on hunger strike but this time the prison authorities decided to force-feed the women. In an attempt to avoid force-feeding, Emily used prison furniture to barricade the door of her prison cell. Aprison officer climbed a ladder and after forcing the nozzle of a hosepipe through a window, filled up the cell with water. Emily was willing to die, but before the cell had been completely filled with water the door was broken down.The scale of her militant acts increased and in December 1911 she was arrested for setting fire to pillar boxes. She was sentenced to six months and during her spell in prison she went on two hunger strikes. Emily Davison was now convinced that women would not win the vote until the suffragette movement had a martyr. Emily took the decision to draw attention to the suffragette campaign by jumping down an iron staircase. Emily landed on wire netting, 30 feet below. This prevented her death but she suffered severe spinal injuries.Once she had recovered her health, Emily Davison began making plans to commit an act that would give the moment maximum publicity. In June 1913, at the most important race of the year—the Derby, Emily ran out on the course and attempted to grab the bridle of Anmer, a horse owned by King George V. The horse hit Emily and the impact fractured her skull and she died without regaining consciousness.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about a bomb attack in Russia.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.Incident: In the Ingush capital of Nazran, a bomber drove a truck loaded with explosives into the gates of local police headquarters when the policemen were standing to attention in the courtyard to receive their orders for the dayImpact: The blast set the building alight destroying much of it and many of the vehicles parked there. It also damages the Kremlin's claims that the Republic's new president is bringing the region under control.The Ingush president’s claim: He said that the West was behind the blast. He said that western powers would never allow Russia to reclaim its status as a world power.Tape script of News Item One:This morning in the Ingush capital of Nazran, local police were standing to attention in the courtyard of their headquarters to receive their orders for the day, when a bomber drove a truck loaded with explosives into the gates of the building.The blast set the building alight destroying much of it and many of the vehicles parked there. Local officials have warned that the number ofdead could still rise as local apartment blocks were also hit and children were amongst the wounded. The bombing is one of the deadliest in months and damages the Kremlin's claims that the Republic's new president is bringing the region under control.The Ingush president Yunus-Bek Yevkurov, who was still convalescing after surviving an assassination attempt in June, spoke about the attack this morning. He pointed the finger at the West saying that it was behind the blast. He said that western powers would never allow Russia to reclaim its status as a world power.News Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Malaysia’s street crime problem.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1.Malaysia's Prime Minister, Najib Razak, announced ambitious targetslast week to tackle street crime2.He wants a 20% fall by this time next year.3.Retired policemen are being brought back and members of Malaysia'speople's volunteer corps are being enlisted to fight on the frontline.They'll join police on street patrols.4.Of 500 volunteers who were sent for assessment, just 142 were fitenough.5.The rest were too fat, unfit or had poor overall presentation andgrooming.6.Street crime, particularly mugging, is seen as a serious problem inMalaysia's major cities.7.The opposition has called for the country's top policeman to bereplaced because of the failure to tackle the issue.Script of News Item Two:Malaysia's Prime Minister, Najib Razak, announced ambitious targets last week to tackle street crime. He wants a 20% fall by this time next year. Retired policemen are being brought back and members of Malaysia's people's volunteer corps are being enlisted to fight on the frontline. They'll join police on street patrols.The problem is though, most of the first batch were not considered up to it. Of 500 volunteers who were sent for assessment, just 142 were fit enough. The rest were too fat, unfit or had what the head of the corps told an English language newspaper was poor overall presentation and grooming. Corps members wear military uniforms but most of them are unpaid volunteers with limited powers.Street crime, particularly mugging, is seen as a serious problem in Malaysia's major cities.The opposition has called for the country's top policeman to be replaced because of the failureto tackle the issue.News Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about a group of terrorist suspects arrested last week in Sydney and Melbourne who might have intended to attack a nuclear reactor.Ex. B: Listen again and choose the best answer.1. C2. A3. C4. B5. AScript of News Item 3Australian police say a nuclear reactor may have been the intended target of a group of terrorist suspects arrested last week in Sydney and Melbourne. The suspects were among a group of 18 Muslims charged with terrorism-related offences.This is the first official indication as to what the target of this alleged plot might have been. The Lucas Hieghts nuclear facility is on the outskirts of Sydney and is Australia's only reactor. In documents released today the police have said that three of the suspects were stopped and questioned near the plant last December. It's claimed that the defendants have been trying to stockpile large quantities of chemicals. Itis also alleged they attended military style training camps in the Australia outback. Lawyers for the accused have insisted that the case against them was weak and politically motivated.Section FourPart 1 Feature reportScript：Susie Salmon seems like a typical teenager on the brink of a life filled with so many experiences like the blush of first love.But fate has a different plan for her. On the way home from school she takes a short cut through a barley field where she is startled by a neighbor, Mr. Harvey.It will be her last encounter on this Earth. Caught in some in-between place, Susie's spirit watches as her family copes with their loss and her murderer goes on with his life. The title comes from one of her thoughts during this time: "These were the lovely bones that had grown around my absence: the connections - sometimes tenuous, sometimes made at great cost, but often magnificent - that happened after I was gone."Saoirse Ronan stars as Susie Salmon. The Irish actress, now 16 years old,first gained international acclaim for her performance in the 2007 drama Atonement."I have never felt so much responsibility with a character as I have with TheLovely Bones," Ronan says.She explains that not only is her character seen or heard in just about every scene of the film, but also there was the original novel's worldwide legion of fans to consider."More than anything else I was just worried that I wasn't portraying her to her full potential," explains Ronan. "I think it's important for everyone that Susie is the way she should be. Of course, people are going to have different ideas of what she should be like &hellip the readers, really. It was something that was always on my mind."American actor Stanley Tucci co-stars as the murderer: a mundane character almost invisible to his neighbors."The more real he is and the more subtle he is then the more terrifying he is," says Tucci. "The more banal he is, the more terrifying he is. There is no doubt and I'll say without question that it was the most difficultthing I've ever done as an actor."Peter Jackson directs and is also the co-writer of the film script, which he admits is no substitute for the vastly more detailed novel by Alice Seybold."To me, to adapt a book is not a question of producing a carbon copy of the book," he notes. "It is a personal impression that Philippa Boyens, Fran Walsh and myself - the three of us wrote the screenplay. We read the book; we responded to aspects of the book, especially emotional themes and things it had to say about the afterlife &hellip that aspect of it, which is very personal to anybody. That's what we responded to. So to me, no adaptation can ever be perfect. It is impossible. You don't make a movie for the fans of the book. You just can not do that."The Lovely Bones also features Mark Wahlberg and Rachel Weisz as Susie's bereaved parents. Rose McIver is her younger sister, who uncovers the truth about Susie's fate; and Susan Sarandon plays their flamboyant grandmother. The film's Earthly locations were shot in the US state of Pennsylvania; director Jackson used his native New Zealand for the ethereal scenes of the world beyond.Part 2 PassageExercise BDictation1. During his training he became aware that his calling was to convert pagans to Christianity.2. But two years later, Patrick, having adopted that Christian name earlier, was appointed as second bishop to Ireland.3. His mission in Ireland lasted for 30 years. After that time, Patrick retired to County Down.4. He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commemorated as St. Patrick's Day ever since.5. Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick’s D ay has evolved into more of a secular holiday.Exercise C1.C2.B3.C4.D5.A6.B7.C8.AExercise D1.Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick's Day has evolvedinto more of a secular holiday. Today, people celebrate the day with parades, wearing of the green, and drinking beer. One reason St.Patrick's Day might have become so popular is that it takes place justa few days before the first day of spring. One might say it has becomethe first green of spring. Open.Script:The person who was to become St. Patrick, the patron saint ofIreland, was born in Wales about AD 385. His given name was Maewyn, and he almost didn't get the job of bishop of Ireland because he lacked the required scholarship.Far from being a saint, until he was 16, he considered himself a pagan. At that age, he was sold into slavery by a group of Irish marauders that raided his village. During his captivity he became a Christian and adopted the name Patrick.He escaped from slavery after six years and went to Gaul where he studied in the monastery under St. Germain, bishop of Auxerre for a period of twelve years. During his training he got the notion that his calling was to convert the pagans to Christianity.His wishes were to return to Ireland, to convert the native pagans to Christianity. But his superiors instead appointed St. Palladius. But two years later, Palladius transferred to Scotland. Patrick was then appointed as second bishop to Ireland.Patrick was quite successful at winning converts. And this fact rightfully upset the Celtic Druids, who had their own native religion. Patrick was arrested several times, but escaped each time. He traveled throughout Ireland, establishing monasteries across the country. He also set up schools and churches which would aid him in his indoctrination of the Irish country into Christianity.His mission in Ireland lasted for thirty years. After that time, Patrickretired to County Down. He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commemorated as St. Patrick's Day ever since.Much Irish folklore surrounds St. Patrick's Day. Not much of it is actually substantiated. Some of this lore includes the belief that Patrick raised people from the dead. He also is said to have given a sermon from a hilltop that drove all the snakes from Ireland. Of course, no snakes were ever native to Ireland, and some people think this is a metaphor for the conversion of the pagans. Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick's Day has evolved into more of a secular holiday.One traditional icon of the day is the shamrock. And this stems from a more bona fide Irish tale that tells how Patrick used the three-leafed shamrock to explain the Trinity. He used it in his sermons to represent how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity. His followers adopted the custom of wearing a shamrock on his feast day.The St. Patrick's Day custom came to America in 1737. That was the first year St. Patrick's Day was publicly celebrated in this country, in Boston.Today, people celebrate the day with parades, wearing of the green, and drinking beer. One reason St. Patrick's Day might have become so popular is that it takes place just a few days before the first day of spring. One might say it has become the first green of spring.。

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A Liste ning Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 （第2版）答案Unit 2Secti on One: Tactics for Liste ningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Girls score higher tha n boys in almost every coun try.几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。

2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。

3. Cultural and econo mic in flue nces play an importa nt part..文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。

4. But rece nt findings suggest that the an swer may lie in differe nces betwee n the male and female brai n.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。

5. These in clude differe nces in lear ning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。

Secti on Two Liste ning Comprehe nsionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks withthe miss ing in formati on.Seren adi ng Service was foun ded three years ago whe n the sin ger realize that British people were desperate for roma nee.He thought there would be a elientele for a hired serenader . The idea came from his studies of Renaissanee music , which is full of serenades. Over the eenturies, university students have turned the sere nade into an art form for hire ______ . Usually he is hired by men to si ng love songs to women Occasi on ally he is asked to sing to menThe service is really a form of in timate alfresco theatre with love songs. Heusually wears a white tie a nd tails a nd sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers a nd whe nthere is no bale ony available he will si ng from trees or fire escapes !The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is £ 450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Someoeople are so moved that they burst in to tears , but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations . They have to be very carefulthese days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted .Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-liste ning Questi on What memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and rememberbetter if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memoryis increased whenfacts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1. Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resourcesavailable to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it..5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information.T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as manyof the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost always presented in different ways.F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you like T (The imagery you use in your mnemonicscan be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli. T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics? Whycan we improve our memory by following the principle?To use as manyof the best functions of your brain as possible to store in formatio n.Evolved to code and in terpret complex stimuli. Use these tomake sophisticated models of the world.Our memories store all of these effectively.However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only one of the many skills and resources available to our min ds.By coding Ianguages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory importa nt to us?Ope n.Secti on Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the n ewsThis news item is about the Somali pirates ' strike .Ex. B: Liste n to the n ews aga in and an swer the questio ns.1. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promisedrevenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the USnavy isn't clear.2. No, the pirates haven ' t been deferred.3. Because the financial rewards for a successful hijackingremain so great and Somalia remains so lawless.4. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen internationalwarships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5. It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred.So why does the problem persist? Put simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the internationaleffort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warshipsin the area to police an expa nse of sea coveri ng more tha n a million square kilometres. Although it has been suggested thatraids could be moun ted on the pirates' home tow ns, it seems un likely there'll be any major in crease in the military effort uni ess there's a spectacular hijacki ng inv olvi ng the deaths ofmany crew members.The reluctanee to mount a major international naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the Intern ati onal Maritime Bureau, n early twenty three thousa nd ships passed through the Gulf of Ade n. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watso n, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama s military plan in Afgha ni sta n.Ex. B: True or false.1. The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not anoption.)2. Obamawouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops.T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F.( …some Republica ns and members of the Preside nt's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. ( … about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam.T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on CapitolHill.)Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops.There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going on too longfor someRepublicans and membersof the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that returns to GazaEx. B: Liste n aga in and fill in the bla nks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives . Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behi nd. But the tanks are gone, on ly the deep tracks rema in.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also bee n sn ipers waiting for them. North of Kha n Youn iswe saw someof the Qassamfighters returning home their rifles slunglazily around their shoulders.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run ben eath the perimeter wall but last ni ght we met people who insist that someof these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border cross ings rema in close, say the Palesti nians, these tunn els are their only link to the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families headingto Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw someof the Qassamfighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.The destruction we've seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamasinfrastructure: police stations, military outposts, government buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneaththe perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumpedfrom the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSecti on FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreatio n of the prehistoric __________ world in Lia oning, Chi na, based on the scie ntific findings on fossils discovered thereExercise B:1. 35 prehistoric animals were created.2. They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage ofscie nee, art and tech no logy.3. The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed,so visitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in thisway so that visitors will feel as if they ' ve stepped in to a Chi nese forest 130 millio n years in the past.4. He says it ' s accurate because every single plant, everyin sect, every orga nic feature in it actually represe nts somethi ng that has bee n found as a fossil in n ortheaster n Chi na.5. The only thing scientists had to make up is what color someof the ani mals were.6. According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7. They study the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys, chicke nsand ostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs wouldsta nd or walk.8. By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained fromthe biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers perhour previously thought.Script :Dino saur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Tech no logy,Moder n LivestockThe rolli ng hills of a province in n ortheaster n Chi na are now terraced for farmi ng, but ben eath that farmla nd are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by humaneyes - until this week. Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingly recreated inNew York City's America n Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few thingsthat has bee n imag ined in this 65 square-meter diorama. Thegingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of scie nee, art and tech no logy, as every detail, dow n to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as ifthey've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.Mark Norell is a pale on tologist who has worked in Lia oning,searchi ng for clues to recreate this prehistoric world."It's accurate because every sin gle pla nt, every in sect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that hasbee n found as a fossil in no rtheaster n Chin a," he expla in ed,"so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bitis what color some the an imals were. Eve n though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patter ned, because we can see that is the soft tissue rema ins,but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, allthe weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils."Undern eath the gin gko trees, a feathered bird-like dino saurchases on two legs after a large win ged in sect, the dino saur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, muchas a modern goose tucks its head ben eath its wing.The museum's curator of pale on tology, Michael Novacek, explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better un dersta nd ext inct creatures."The reas on birds are so importa nt to us is really a fact we were n't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are liv ing dino saurs. They're n ot just related to dino saurs. They are dino saurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dino saurs, so convenien tly eno ugh dino saurs did n't go completely ext in ct.One group, the birds, survived."Scie ntists study the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk. Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movementsof the ever popular Tyranno saurus Rex.By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the kno wledge gained from the biology of bar nyard an imals, scie ntists now estimate the gia nt T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientific findings are passed along to model designers,such as the creator of a six-foot-l ong mecha ni cal T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the ext in ct di no saur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the n ever-before-see n beco ming altogether real whe n scie nee and tech no logy meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1. The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” isrequired to have this effect.2. The Queen' s study showed that the total amount of gazereceived during a group conversation is more important than whe n the eye con tact occurs.3. The eye con tact experime nt used computer-ge nerated imagesform actors who conveyed different levels of attention.4. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions willspeak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5. The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout theages.6. Exercise C1. A2. D3. A4. D5. A6. C7. B8. BExercise D1. The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images fromactors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at thesubject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down).These images were presented to the subjects, whobelieved they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting tosolve language puzzles. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is madewhile the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members and the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important thanwhen the eye contact occurs.2. Open.Script:Eye Contact Shown To Affect Conversation Patterns, GroupProblem-Solving AbilityNoting that the eyes have long been described as mirrors of the soul, a Queen's computer scientist is studying the effect of eye gaze on conversation and the implications for new-age technologies, ranging from video conferencing to speech recognition systems.Dr. Roel Vertegaal, who is presenting a paper on eye gaze at an international conference in New Orleans this week, has found evidence to suggest a strong link between the amount of eye contact people receive and their degree of participation in group communications. Eye contact is known to increase the number of turns a person will take when part of a group conversation. The goal of this study was to determine what type of "gaze" (looking at a person's eyes and face) is required to have this effect.Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The Queen's study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.The findings have important implications for the design of future communication devices, including more user-friendly and sen sitive video conferencing systems - a tech no logy increasingly chosen in businessfor economic and time-saving reasons —and Collaborative VirtualEnvironments (CVEs) which support communication between people and machines. Dr. Vertegaal's group is also implementing these findings to facilitate user interactions with large groups of computers such as personal digital assistants and cellular phones.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members. There was no relationship between the impact of the eye contact and when it occurred."The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages," says Dr. Vertegaal, whose paper, Explaining Effects of Eye Gazeon Mediated Group Conversations: Amount or Synchronization? was presented this week at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work."Sumerian clay tablets dating back to 3000 BC already tell the story of Ereshkigal, goddess of the underworld, who had the power to killInanna, goddess of love, with a deadly eye," says Dr. Vertegaal. "Now that we are attempting to build more sophisticated conversational interfaces that mirror the communicative capabilities of their users, it has becomeclear we need to learn more about communicative functions of gaze behaviors."。