英语音标教学及单词拼读规律总结
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尤溪五中 王丽
•A a Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg
/ei/
/bi:/
/si:/ /di:/ /i:/
/ef/
/dʒ i:/
• Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo
/eit∫ / /ai/ /dʒei/ /kei/ /el/ /em/
/en/
/ ǝu/
•Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww
Oo / ǝu/ R r /r / •
•
•音素的个数：共48个 元音音素20个，辅音音 素28个。
•什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 •什么是国际音标：国际音标是国际语音
协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要 语言的语音。
国际音标
分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。
单元音 元音
•-tion /∫ən/ quetion station relation dictionary(名词) •-ture /t∫ə/ picture structure future nature(名词) •-al /əl/ hospital capital national (形容词) •-ment /mənt/ movement government (名词) •-ive /iv/ active creative expensive (形容词) •-ful /fl/ colourful careful helpful (形容词) •-less /lis/ careless hopeless helpless (形容词-否定)
e 在重读开音节 /i:/ he she we be me 在重读闭音节 /e/ bed best December elephant ten medicine
i 在重读开音节 /ai/ like bright five nice hi mine ice 在重读闭音节 /i / big sit delicious different finger fifth
excuse
cousin daughter drawer
video tennis racket 网球拍 volleyball
difficult relaxing adj. 轻松的 collection n. 收藏品；
收集物 strawberry uncountable noun 不可数名词
vegetable healthy
ay
/ei/ day May say stay today x-ray
/i / Sunday Wednesday Friday
aw /ɔ:/ law saw draw strawberry
al /ɔ:/ talk wall mall walk tall
2. e ee /i:/ bee tree three meet feet teeth ea /i:/ eat teacher repeat heat peach please /e/ bread head weather pleasure /ei/ great break /iə/ really idea
fridge bridge tr /tr/ try tree trousers traditional dr /dr/ fry drive dream drought bedroom - ts/ts/ students sits donuts - ds /dz/ handBiblioteka Baidu friends needs
to--day lan--gu--age com--pu--ter po--ta--to
vowels consonents
•e--gg •um--bre--lla •an--gry •un--like
e--le--phant arm im--port--ant o-range
telephone pencil sharpener dictionary
双元音字母组合
ey
/i:/ key 'keyboard
/i/ 'monkey 'money
ew 字母n 之后 /ju:/ new knew news
/u:/ drew flew
er
ə:/ her clerk herb
ə/ 'sister 'computer 'brother 'worker
3. i
ie /i:/ piece believe field
/aiə/ diet quiet science society
ir /ə:/ girl thirty birthday first shirt third
4. o
oa /əu/ coat goal boat coal road float load
/pi:/ /kju:/ /a:/ /es/ /t:/ /ju:/
Xx Yy Zz
/vi:/ /dʌblju/
/eks/ /wai/ /zi:/
/ei/ A a Hh Jj K k /i:/ Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz /e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx /ai/ Ii Yy /ju:/ Uu Qq W w Don't forget :
oi /ɔi/ point oil soil spoil boil
oo /u:/ food too wood pool school zoo spoon kangaroo
/u/ foot book look good took understood
/ʌ/ flood blood
双元音字母组合
ou /au/ about out loud /ʌ/ double trouble /u/ should could would
前元音 /i:/ /ɪ / /e/ /æ/ 中元音 /ɜ:/ /ǝ/ /ʌ/ 后元音 /u:/ /u/ /ɔ:/ /ɑ:/ /ɒ/
双元音 /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ǝu/ /au/ /ɪǝ/ /eǝ/ /uǝ/
辅音
爆破音 / p/ /b/ /t / /d/ /k/ /g/
磨檫音 /f/ /v/ /∫/ /ʒ / /θ / /δ / /s/ /z/ /h/ /r/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/
重读闭音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant
a
/ei/ make late tape date shake
在重读闭音节 /æ / Danny apple hat jacket lab
violin
•'day
to'day
'monday
•'Canada
Ca'nadian
•'record
re'cord
•po'tato
'porridge
重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 重读开音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello
consonents
red road read ride
consonents vowels consonents
consonents
vowels consonents vowels consonents
•di--ffe--rent •mu--sic •ge--o--gra--phy •Ca--na--da
/ w / what where what which when gh / f / enough laugh telegraph
不发音 night light bright high weigh ph / f / photo phone phrase ge / dge /dʒ/ page porridge large
三个元音字母组合
air /eə/ hair air fair are /eə/ care share square rare ear /i ə/ ear hear tear fear
/ə:/ early earth /a:/ heart eer /iə/ beer deer engineer ere /iə/ here mere /eə/ there eir /eə/ their heir oor /ɔ:/ floor door oar /ɔ:/ soar blackboard our /auə/ hour flour our /uə/ tour ure /u ə/ sure
sh /∫ / fish English sheep show th /θ / three thank thirsty birthday
/δ / these with there than ch /tʃ / China chair choose church
/k / Christmas school wh / h / who whose whole whom
o 在重读开音节 /əu/ no note coke donut rose so hello go 在重读闭音节 /ɔ/ box robot shop top nod soft opera
/u: / do to movie move
u 在重读开音节 /ju:/ Tuesday cute use usually uniform 在重读闭音节 /ʌ/ up but cut us study hundred
sun Sunday
双元音字母组合
元音字母仅有5个，但他们之间的相互组合却丰富多样，掌握组合的发音对读单词有很 大帮助
1. a
ai /ei/ rain train again afraid pain paint tail nail
ar /a:/ car start far park pardon
au /ɔ:/ daughter autumn August taught
ow /au/ now cow flower how shower /əu/ know slow row follow show
oy /ɔi/ boy soy toy loyal joy enjoy or /ɔ:/ or more store before north horse
/ə:/ work word world /ə / actor visitor doctor 5. u ui /ju:/ build building guilty /u:/ fruit juice uy /ai/ buy guy ur / ə:/ nurse Thursday Saturday fur further hurt
•音节的划分
• 一般来说，一个单词中有几个元音因 素就有几个音节。每个音节都是由一个元 音和它前、后的辅音构成。
• 单词发音时是由组成单词的各个音节的 发音组合而成的。有:单音节单词、双音 节单词、多音节单词。
•big •bug •bag •
sit sat seat sort
consonents vowels
festival movie documentary n. 记录片
action comedy thriller n. 恐怖电影
singular 单数 plural 复数 Beijing Opera
exciting usually
favorite successful description n 描述
dessert n. 甜食
furniture n. 家具
conversation n. 交谈；谈话
• other pron. & adj. 另外的人（物）
dollar January February August
Septemper
October
November
December twentieth speech contest
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 舌边音 /l/ 半元音 /j/ /w/
单元音
/i:/ /i / /e/ /æ / /ǝ/ /ǝ:/ /ʌ/ /ɑ:/ /u:/ /u / /ɔ:/ /ɔ/
双元音
/ei/ /ai/ /ɔi/ /ǝu/ /au/ /iǝ/ /eǝ/ /uǝ/
•b /b/ c /s/ /k/ d /d/ f /f/ g /g/ /dʒ/ h /h/ j /dʒ/ k /k/ l /l/ (弹出)(不弹出) m /m/ n /n/(弹出)(不弹出) p /p/ q /kw/ r /r/ s /s/ /z/ t /t/ v /v/ w /w/ x /ks/ /gz/ y /j/ z /z/
•A a Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg
/ei/
/bi:/
/si:/ /di:/ /i:/
/ef/
/dʒ i:/
• Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo
/eit∫ / /ai/ /dʒei/ /kei/ /el/ /em/
/en/
/ ǝu/
•Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww
Oo / ǝu/ R r /r / •
•
•音素的个数：共48个 元音音素20个，辅音音 素28个。
•什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 •什么是国际音标：国际音标是国际语音
协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要 语言的语音。
国际音标
分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。
单元音 元音
•-tion /∫ən/ quetion station relation dictionary(名词) •-ture /t∫ə/ picture structure future nature(名词) •-al /əl/ hospital capital national (形容词) •-ment /mənt/ movement government (名词) •-ive /iv/ active creative expensive (形容词) •-ful /fl/ colourful careful helpful (形容词) •-less /lis/ careless hopeless helpless (形容词-否定)
e 在重读开音节 /i:/ he she we be me 在重读闭音节 /e/ bed best December elephant ten medicine
i 在重读开音节 /ai/ like bright five nice hi mine ice 在重读闭音节 /i / big sit delicious different finger fifth
excuse
cousin daughter drawer
video tennis racket 网球拍 volleyball
difficult relaxing adj. 轻松的 collection n. 收藏品；
收集物 strawberry uncountable noun 不可数名词
vegetable healthy
ay
/ei/ day May say stay today x-ray
/i / Sunday Wednesday Friday
aw /ɔ:/ law saw draw strawberry
al /ɔ:/ talk wall mall walk tall
2. e ee /i:/ bee tree three meet feet teeth ea /i:/ eat teacher repeat heat peach please /e/ bread head weather pleasure /ei/ great break /iə/ really idea
fridge bridge tr /tr/ try tree trousers traditional dr /dr/ fry drive dream drought bedroom - ts/ts/ students sits donuts - ds /dz/ handBiblioteka Baidu friends needs
to--day lan--gu--age com--pu--ter po--ta--to
vowels consonents
•e--gg •um--bre--lla •an--gry •un--like
e--le--phant arm im--port--ant o-range
telephone pencil sharpener dictionary
双元音字母组合
ey
/i:/ key 'keyboard
/i/ 'monkey 'money
ew 字母n 之后 /ju:/ new knew news
/u:/ drew flew
er
ə:/ her clerk herb
ə/ 'sister 'computer 'brother 'worker
3. i
ie /i:/ piece believe field
/aiə/ diet quiet science society
ir /ə:/ girl thirty birthday first shirt third
4. o
oa /əu/ coat goal boat coal road float load
/pi:/ /kju:/ /a:/ /es/ /t:/ /ju:/
Xx Yy Zz
/vi:/ /dʌblju/
/eks/ /wai/ /zi:/
/ei/ A a Hh Jj K k /i:/ Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz /e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx /ai/ Ii Yy /ju:/ Uu Qq W w Don't forget :
oi /ɔi/ point oil soil spoil boil
oo /u:/ food too wood pool school zoo spoon kangaroo
/u/ foot book look good took understood
/ʌ/ flood blood
双元音字母组合
ou /au/ about out loud /ʌ/ double trouble /u/ should could would
前元音 /i:/ /ɪ / /e/ /æ/ 中元音 /ɜ:/ /ǝ/ /ʌ/ 后元音 /u:/ /u/ /ɔ:/ /ɑ:/ /ɒ/
双元音 /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ǝu/ /au/ /ɪǝ/ /eǝ/ /uǝ/
辅音
爆破音 / p/ /b/ /t / /d/ /k/ /g/
磨檫音 /f/ /v/ /∫/ /ʒ / /θ / /δ / /s/ /z/ /h/ /r/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/
重读闭音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant
a
/ei/ make late tape date shake
在重读闭音节 /æ / Danny apple hat jacket lab
violin
•'day
to'day
'monday
•'Canada
Ca'nadian
•'record
re'cord
•po'tato
'porridge
重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 重读开音节：
a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello
consonents
red road read ride
consonents vowels consonents
consonents
vowels consonents vowels consonents
•di--ffe--rent •mu--sic •ge--o--gra--phy •Ca--na--da
/ w / what where what which when gh / f / enough laugh telegraph
不发音 night light bright high weigh ph / f / photo phone phrase ge / dge /dʒ/ page porridge large
三个元音字母组合
air /eə/ hair air fair are /eə/ care share square rare ear /i ə/ ear hear tear fear
/ə:/ early earth /a:/ heart eer /iə/ beer deer engineer ere /iə/ here mere /eə/ there eir /eə/ their heir oor /ɔ:/ floor door oar /ɔ:/ soar blackboard our /auə/ hour flour our /uə/ tour ure /u ə/ sure
sh /∫ / fish English sheep show th /θ / three thank thirsty birthday
/δ / these with there than ch /tʃ / China chair choose church
/k / Christmas school wh / h / who whose whole whom
o 在重读开音节 /əu/ no note coke donut rose so hello go 在重读闭音节 /ɔ/ box robot shop top nod soft opera
/u: / do to movie move
u 在重读开音节 /ju:/ Tuesday cute use usually uniform 在重读闭音节 /ʌ/ up but cut us study hundred
sun Sunday
双元音字母组合
元音字母仅有5个，但他们之间的相互组合却丰富多样，掌握组合的发音对读单词有很 大帮助
1. a
ai /ei/ rain train again afraid pain paint tail nail
ar /a:/ car start far park pardon
au /ɔ:/ daughter autumn August taught
ow /au/ now cow flower how shower /əu/ know slow row follow show
oy /ɔi/ boy soy toy loyal joy enjoy or /ɔ:/ or more store before north horse
/ə:/ work word world /ə / actor visitor doctor 5. u ui /ju:/ build building guilty /u:/ fruit juice uy /ai/ buy guy ur / ə:/ nurse Thursday Saturday fur further hurt
•音节的划分
• 一般来说，一个单词中有几个元音因 素就有几个音节。每个音节都是由一个元 音和它前、后的辅音构成。
• 单词发音时是由组成单词的各个音节的 发音组合而成的。有:单音节单词、双音 节单词、多音节单词。
•big •bug •bag •
sit sat seat sort
consonents vowels
festival movie documentary n. 记录片
action comedy thriller n. 恐怖电影
singular 单数 plural 复数 Beijing Opera
exciting usually
favorite successful description n 描述
dessert n. 甜食
furniture n. 家具
conversation n. 交谈；谈话
• other pron. & adj. 另外的人（物）
dollar January February August
Septemper
October
November
December twentieth speech contest
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 舌边音 /l/ 半元音 /j/ /w/
单元音
/i:/ /i / /e/ /æ / /ǝ/ /ǝ:/ /ʌ/ /ɑ:/ /u:/ /u / /ɔ:/ /ɔ/
双元音
/ei/ /ai/ /ɔi/ /ǝu/ /au/ /iǝ/ /eǝ/ /uǝ/
•b /b/ c /s/ /k/ d /d/ f /f/ g /g/ /dʒ/ h /h/ j /dʒ/ k /k/ l /l/ (弹出)(不弹出) m /m/ n /n/(弹出)(不弹出) p /p/ q /kw/ r /r/ s /s/ /z/ t /t/ v /v/ w /w/ x /ks/ /gz/ y /j/ z /z/