英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_One
自考英语专业综合英语笔记上册（第一课）
自考英语专业综合英语笔记上册（第一课）自考英语专业综合英语笔记上册（第一课）The time message1.Time is tricky,It is difficult to control and easy to waste.When you look ahead,you think you have more time than you need.*sth.is+difficult/easy to do:表示某事难可容易....例：The book is diffiult to understand.这本书很难看懂。
*look ahead:一表示向前看，二表示展望未来。
2.For example, at the beginning of a semester,you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands. But toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out.You don't have enough time to cover all your duties,so you get worried.What is the answer?Control!*plenty of:大量*have time on one's hands:有许多时间*towards the end of...:即将结束时*run out of:用完3.Time is dangerouse.If yo u don’t control it,it will control you. If you don’t make it work for you,it will work against you.*If you don’t make it work for you...此处动词make的句型是make+宾语+不带to的不定式，表示“使...做某事”。
《高英(上)》 课文要点
自考《高级英语（上）》课文要点Lesson One: Rock Superstars: what Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society? Outline:Part I: IntroductionA.Three Scenes (par. 1-3)B. A question (par. 4)* What is the function of the two quotations at the beginning of the text?The function of the two quotations at the beginning of the text is to summarize and introduce the theme of the text, and as such they serve as a guide for the reader in interpreting and understanding the message the rock music tries to communicate.* What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?The three scenarios are used by the author to dramatize and illustrate the sensation that rock music has created in young people.Part II: Rock tells a lot about ourselves and our society. (thesis) (par. 5)A. (par.6) Rock is a sociological expression.1. (par. 7-8) Beliefs and attitudes2. (par. 9) FeelingsB. (par. 10) Conclusion to Part II* According to Irving Horowitz, what is the sociological significance of rock music?The sociological significance of rock music is that it had offered a sort of debating forum where different ideas conflict and where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.* What subjects does rock music deal with?Politics (beliefs and attitudes): civil rights, peace and war, piety, revolution, etc.Feelings and emotions: loneliness, love and hate, a nostalgia for the “good old days”, etc.Part III: Final ParagraphsA.(par. 11-12) We give them fame and fortune.B.(par. 13) The question remains.Lesson Two: Four Choice for Young PeopleOutlinePart I: Introduction—the young generation views the adult world with great skepticism. (par. 1-2) * How do American young people look at the adult world in general?They look at the adult world with great skepticism and there is also an increased tendency to reject completely the adult world.Part II: Four choices for young peopleA.Choosing a strategy is the first decision the young people have to make. (par.3)B.The four choices1.(par. 4) Drop out: parasitic2.(par. 5-6) Flee: impractical3.(par.7-10) Plot a revolution: fruitless4.(par.11-13) Change the world gradually: workable*What is the meaning and what are the characteristics of each strategy?*In what way are those who flee different from the dropouts?Part III: Conclusion---restatement (par.14)Lesson Five: I’d rather Be Black than FemaleOutlinePart I: Being female is a greater handicap than being black. (par.1)A.Sexual prejudice is invisible to people. (par.2)B.It’s much harder to eliminate sexual prejudice than racial prejudice. (par.3-4)* Why does the author say it is a still harder and longer struggle to eliminate prejudice against women?Part II: Sexual prejudice in politics (my experience)A.My experience in politics in general (par.5)B.Women in politics in general (par.6)C.My experience in politics in specific1.Run for state legislature (par.7)2.Run for national legislaturea.Resistance from inside (par. 8)b.Resistance from outside (par. 9)*In what way are women prejudiced against in politics?Part III: Sexual Prejudice in generalA.Women are thought of as different and inferior. (par. 10)B.Women have not reached tokenism. (par.11)C.An emphatic Question (par. 12)*In what way are women prejudiced against in general?Part IV: Women’s contribution is needed in politics.A.People ignore women’s contribution.1.What I heard (par. 13)2.What I experienced (par. 15)B.Women have a lot to do in politics. (par.15)C.Women have a special contribution to make in politics. (Conclusion) (par. 16-17)* What are some of the problems the author is determined to help to solve?* What fine qualities do women have that men don’t have?Lesson Seven: Miss Brill1 what kind of person is Miss Brill?She lives alone in foreign country and has to secure her means of existence by taking such odd jobs as giving English lessons, as a paid companion, etc. She seems well-to-do but feels lonely and estranged from the community. Also, she is approaching old age and years of spinsterhood have left her sensitive self-conscious and easily hurt. All this has tended to wall her in and torment her with a sense of emptiness and being uprooted.2. Why does she go to the par every Sunday afternoon?The trip gives her a chance to break out of wall of isolation and establish contact with society. She hopes to endow her life with meaning.3. What does she do in the park?She simply watches people around her and listen to other’s conversations.4. What has she discovered that makes her so happy?She suddenly discovers that life is like a play and every human being has a part to play in it: like all the others, she belongs after all to this performance of human life and has acted her well and will never be isolated or estranged again. She feels that meaning, hope and confidence are coming back to her.5. Why is her own room like a cupboard, too, after she gets back home?6. What is the symbolic meaning of her fur?7. What message does the author want to convey to the reader?Also notice the function of the band, and the repetition of “sadness”.Lesson Eight: A lesson in Living“A lesson in Living” tells how Mrs. Flowers gave Marguerite the first lesson in living, telling her she must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. Mrs. Flowers enlightened her by giving her the novel and book of poems to read. The poetic reading of A Tale of Two Cities, the advice she gave her, the human warmth and care she felt from her, and the charm of everything working on her and in her house, opened a new perspective in Marguerite’s life.1.How did Mrs. Flowers give Marguerite her lesson in living?2.How was Mrs. Flowers a source of enlightenment to Marguerite?3. What was the image of Mrs. Flowers in the child’s mind?Lesson Nine: The Trouble with TelevisionOutlinePart I: Introduction---People spend much time on TV (phenomenon) (par. 1-2)Part II: TV discourages concentration (main idea) (par. 3)’s variety is a narcotic, usurping your ability to focus your attention yourself. (par.4) operates on the appeal to the short attention span (motive) (par.5)1.Regarded as inherent (par.6)2.Becoming fashionable (par.7)*In what way does TV discourage concentration?*Why is the appeal to the short attention span so important to TV?Part III: Adverse effects on American cultureA.Inefficient communication (par.8)B.Decivilizing (par.9)1.Crisis of literacy (par.10-11)plexity (par.12)*What does the author think is wrong with TV news programming?*Why does the author sat TV is decivilizing?*What are TV’s adverse effects on American culture?Part IV: ConclusionA.Rhetorical questions (par.13)B.Significance of the issue (par. 14)Lesson Eleven: On Getting Off the SleepThe author ridicules people who, with “iron will”, can lie down and fall into slumber in a matter of a few minutes. He thinks there is something inhuman in it. He categorizes himself into the group of men full of human sympathy and depth in feelings and thought and good tastes. In this essay, insomnia becomes a praiseworthy agony inherent in an active and intellectual; mind.1.How does the matter of sleep illustrate the contrariness of things?2.What does the author think about the people with “iron wills”?(Does the author think it natural for a person to fall asleep as soon as his head touches the pillow?)3.What seems to be the best way to get off to sleep according to the author?Lesson Twelve: Why I WriteOutlinePart I: Background information (par. 1-4)Part II: Four motives*What are four great motives for writing? Explain briefly.Part III: Points of view (theory) (par. 10-14)*What was Orwell’s political stand? And what was the political and social environment that shaped his political orientation?*What kind of books did Orwell want to write? (His theory)Part IV: Conclusion (par.15)Lesson Thirteen: WorkOutlinePart I: Advantages of workA. A preventive of boredom (par.1-2)B. An outlet for ambition (par. 3)C. Conclusion and transition (par. 4)* What are the advantaged of work? Explain.Part II: Two elements make work interesting. (par. 5)A.Exercise of skill (par. 6)B.Conclusion (par.7)* What kind of skilled work can offer continuous pleasure to the worker?* What is the most powerful motive for work? Explain.*How does the author define construction and destruction?*What elements make work interesting? Explain.Lesson Fifteen: The Beauty IndustryOutlinePart I: Cult of physical beauty in America and Europe (phenomenon)A.In America, popularity of cosmetics (par.1)B.In Europe, increasing popularity of cosmetics (par. 2.)Part II: ReasonsA.Increased living standard (par.3)B.Changed in the status of women and our attitude (par.4-5)*Why is there an enormous increase in the personal appearance business in Europe and America as well?* Is the diffusion of wealth the only cause for the increase? Why (not)?*What are the changes in people’s attitude towards the physical body?Part III: Results---both a success and a failure (par. 6)A.Success: a) keeping the youthful appearance; b) symptoms of health (par.7)B.Failure1.Human beauty is not skin-deep. (standard) (par. 8)2.Psychological ugliness (par.9)3.Hardness (par.10)4.Fundamentally a failure because it doesn’t touch the deepest source of beauty.(conclusion)(par.11)*In what way does the author regard the modern cult of beauty a success?* According to the author, is human beauty skin deep? Why (not)?*Why, according to the author, does the modern cult of beauty remain fundamentally a failure?*What is “hardness”? And what are the causes of hardness?。
英语自考-高级英语上00600-知识点笔记汇总1
第⼀课 Rock Superstars 重点单词rebellion 反叛 n.sprinkle A on/onto/over B 洒 vt. [sprinkle B with A]swelter（使）汗流浃背 v.baptismal 洗礼的 a.adulation 奉承 n.reverence for sb./sth. 崇敬 n.reject sb. as adj. 认为谁...p9有例句draw 吸引 v.see...as...把...视为/当作...rather than 不是...⽽是...（突出前者）embody 体现 vt.frown on 皱眉，表不赞同applaud 赞同，⿎掌欢迎 v. disaffection 不满 n.combine A and B 把...与...结合起来in return 作为sth.的回报conceive of 设想，想象 v.重点语法以" sprinkling "引导的短语是动词的 " - ing " 形式做伴随状语。
同位语定语从句 p3a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语，后⾯由 where引导的句⼦是定语从句，修饰 a place. " ideas clash and crash "意为“各种思想冲撞”。
强调句：it is …… who （ that ） 是强调句式。
rather than ： instead of ⽽不是（肯定前者，否定后者。
）这⾥介绍另⼀个短语or rather，意为 more exactly更为确切地说“。
while 连接词⽂中表⽰前后对⽐，反义词 p3重点段落第1节最后4⾏他描述道：“贾格尔抓起⼀个半加仑的⽔罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把⾥⾯的⽔洒向前⼏排汗流浃背的听众。
听众们蜂拥般跟随着他跑，急切地希望能沾上⼏滴洗礼的圣⽔。
“Jagger，” he said， “grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform， sprinkling its contents over the firstfew rows of sweltering listeners. They surge to follow him， eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops”。
(完整版)自考00600高级英语重点上册
第一课：Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us about Ourselves and Our Society1、章节知识点1) 背景知识( Background knowledge)Rock Music2) 课文要义( Main idea of the text)The author focuses on the social influences of the rock music in terms of sociology. By contrasting different attitudes toward the rock among the young and adult audience, the author points out that rock is served as an expression of social ideas, and also provides a debating stage for different ideas. Rock 'n' roll stars express the young generation's viewpoints on various political and social problems, and also help the society see its own beliefs and attitudes, and express the young men's feelings and hope.3) 词汇(Vocabulary)a. sprinkleb. adulationc. rejectd. embodye. editorializef. bewildermentg. urgeh. drivei. celebratej. mirror4) 短语(Expressions)a. dressed in sthb. act outc. rather thand. sing ofe. in returnf. conceive of5) 词语辨析(Word analysis)a. adulation, admirationb. argue, debatec. arrogant, proudd. conceive, imaginee. confuse, bewilderf. ideal, idealisticg. mix, blendh. ramble, rumble6) 难句理解( Sentence comprehensio)na. They think he ' s sick, sick, sick.b. Horowitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a placewhere ideas clash and crash.c. Newspapers editorialized against him.d. Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewersapplauded.e. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation.f. The Beatles urged peace and piety.2、考核知识点本课文章中作者着重从社会学的角度探讨摇滚乐的社会意义。
00600高级英语重点段落Lesson One
高级英语【00600】上LESSON ONE“Jagger ,”he said, grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform. sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.译文：他这样说“賈格尔抓起半加仑水,顺着舞台前沿，边跑边把水酒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷。
他们蜂拥跟随，渴望能得到几滴洗礼的圣水。
”How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship?When Mick Jagger's fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer's almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he--or Dylan--is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick?Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?译文：你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜？当米克。
賈格尔的歌迷把他视作大主救或神时，对他们你是持赞成还是反对态度？你是否赞同克里斯．辛格对鲍勃．狄伦的近乎宗教般的崇敬？你是否认为他----或者狄伦---误入歧途了，你是否认为艾利斯．库珀的表演令人讨厌因而拒绝接受他呢？或者你是否由于他把的狂热的幻想表演出来，而不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking---in other words, about where you and your society are.译文：一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，很能说明你在想什么，你所在的社会在想什么。
英语专业自考专升本—— 00600高级英语课后答案
高级英语课后答案上册Lesson One What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forumwhere American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“debate” took place. Most of the old people frowned while most of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The RollingStones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he hasn’t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. Heends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1.他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上……”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。
自考英语（一）课堂笔记完整版（6）
Unit3（第7讲—第10讲） 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。
Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连⽤的句⼦。
结构为：主语＋系动词＋表语从句。
请看下⾯的例句：My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.（我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。
） 请翻译下⾯的句⼦： 1） My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.（我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。
） 2） One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up. （太阳能的⼀个优点是⽤之不竭。
） 3）问题是你不在时谁照管孩⼦。
（The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.） 4）看起来天要下⾬。
（It looks that it is going to rain.） 请注意辨析another 和other： another由 an＋other构成，只和单数可数名词连⽤。
other可⽤于所有名词前。
another＋单数名词表⽰不定的“另⼀个”，the other＋单数可数名词表⽰特指的“另⼀个”。
请看下⾯的例句： 1） This idea is not very practical， will you think of another one？ （这个主意不太实际，你能另想⼀个吗？） 2） This book is too difficult. Show me another one.（这本书太难了，给我看另外⼀本。
高级英语lesson1newwords解析
v. to break into small parts or pieces and be destroyed. eg：the plane disintegrated as it fell into the sea. 飞机坠入大海时解体了。
blast n.突如其来的强劲气、水流
accidentally
eg：
The
car
拆毁，撤除
had
skidded across t拆he
road and demolished
elevate v.举起，抬起
v. to lift sth up or put sth in a higer position eg：It is important that the injured leg should be elevated.
.adj ferocious
swipe 挥拳打，抡起物体击打
v/n. to hit sb/sth with your hand or an object by swinging your arm.
eg：He swiped at the ball and missed. 他挥棒击球但没击中
==blow〔用手，或武器〕猛击
crushing
adj. used to emphasize
how b〔a水d〕拍o打r severe sth is (强调糟糕或严重的程度〕 沉重的，毁坏性的。 eg：a crushing defeat in
ferocity 残暴，凶猛，猛烈
n. violence, aggressive behavior
eg2. He inched his way through the narrow passage. 他一点一点地穿过狭窄的通道。
高级英语第一册详细讲解
⾼级英语第⼀册详细讲解Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar⼀． Background information⼆．Brief overview and writing styleThis text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly including the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter’s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details.The author’s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers’ visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing. In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished.三．Detailed study of the textParagraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years:1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, includingthe Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The wordperhaps comes from the Persian word bazar.（中东和印度等的）集市，市场was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…:1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called “historical present(历史现在时)”. It is used for vividness.2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries,with pointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows.3) aged: having existed long; very old3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…: 1) Here “the heat” is contrasted with “cool”, “glare” with “dark”, and“open square” with “cavern”.2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as “brightsunlight”.强光，耀眼的光3) “cavern” here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. Fromthe text we can see it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.⼤洞⽳（尤指⼤⽽⿊的）and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside.4. which extends as far as the eye can see:The word eye and ear are used in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means man’s power of seeing or eyesight. .1)She has an eye for beauty.2)The boy has a sharp eye.3)To turn a blind eye / a deaf ear to sth or sb.4)His words are unpleasant to the ear.5. losing itself in the shadowy distance…: shadowy suggests shifting illumination and distinct. . A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.（⼀条蜿蜒的⼩路隐没在树荫深处。
自考00600《高级英语》背熟重点
Lesson 1: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young PeopleThe trouble with this solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale. Our planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscaped; except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life – but in general the stream of migration is flowing the other way.Lesson 4: Die as You ChooseIn January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. It’s author claims that he met the cancer patient for the first time, heard five words from her – “Let’s get this over with” – then killer her. Even the most extreme proponents of euthanasia do not support such an action in those circumstances.Lesson 5: I’d Rather Be Black than FemaleIt is still women – about three million volunteers – who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. I n such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.Lesson 6: A Good Chancethe back door which hung open, we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully, “What’s wrong?”Nobody spoke but Elgie came over, his bloodshot eyes filled with sorrow and misery. He stood in front of us for a moment and then gestured us to go into the living room. The room was filled with people sitting in silence, and finally Elgie said, quietly, “They shot him.”Lesson 7: Miss BrillAlthough it was so brilliantly fine – the blue sky powdered with gold and the great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques – Miss Brill was glad that she had decided on her fur. The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a leaf came drifting – from nowhere, from they sky. Miss Brill put up her hand and touched her fur. Dear little thing! I t was nice to feel it again. She had taken it out of its box tat afternoon, shaken out the moth-powder, given it a good brush, and rubbed the life back into the dim little eyes. “What has been happening to me?” said the sad little eyes. Oh, how sweet it was to see them snap at her again from the red eiderdown! …But the nose, which was of some black composition, wasn’t at all firm. It must have had a knock, somehow. Never mind – a little dab of black sealing-wax when the time came – when it was absolutely necessary. … Little rogue! Yes, she really felt like that about it. Little rogue biting its tail just by her left ear. She could have taken it off and laid it on her lap and stroked it. She felt a tingling in her hands and arms. But that came from walking, she supposed. And when she breathed, something light and sad – no, not sad, exactly – something gentle seemed to move in her bosom.Lesson 8: A Lesson in Living"It was the best of times and the worst of times. . ." Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages, as in a hymn book? Her sounds began cascading gently. I knew from listening; to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading, and I hadn't really heard, heard to understand, a single word.I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easilyI said aloud, "It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done…" tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.Lesson 9: The Trouble with TelevisionEverything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world— has become more complex, not less. Yet its dominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife who finds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Lesson 11: On Getting Off to SleepWhat a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation. With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is. I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do anything but sleep. Between chime and chime of the clock I can write essays by the score. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.Lesson 12: Why I Writeof good prose or the rhythm of a good story. Desire to share an experience whichvaluable and ought not to be missed…Lesson 14: I Would Like to Tell You SomethingThe investigation was not staged so that veterans could spill out their hearts or purge their souls; it was done to prove that the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide, and that not only the soldiers are responsible for what is happening, but that everyone here in America who has allowed the brutalization and de-personalization to go on is responsible. It was done also to show that you don't start making things right by prosecuting William Galley, no matter how guilty he may be; you also prosecute the men who encouraged the situation. It was done to show that there is not just one Mylai but countless Mylais and they are continuing every single day. There was an almost total press blackout on the testimony of those veterans.Lesson 15: The Beauty IndustryWomen, it is obvious, are freer than in the past. Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male, but also freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive. They have the right, if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers, at any rate to look less virtuous. The British Matron, not long since a creature of austere and even terrifying aspect, now does her best to achieve and perennially preserve the appearance of what her predecessor would have described as a Lost Woman. She often succeeds. But we are not shocked—at any rate, not morally shocked. Aesthetically shocked—yes; we may sometimes be that. But morally, no. We concede that the Matron is morally justified in being preoccupied with her personal appearance. This concession depends on another of a more general nature—a concession to the Body, with a large B, to the Manichaean principle of evil. For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights. And not only rights—duties, actually duties. It has, for example, a duty to do the best it can for itself in the way of strength and beauty. Christian-ascetic ideas no longer trouble us. We demand justice for the body as well as for the soul. Hence, among other things, the fortunes made by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the vendors of rubber reducing belts and massage machines, by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.下册Lesson One The Company in Which I workOn days when I ‘m especially melancholy , I began constructing tables of organization….classifying people in the company on the basis of envy , hope , fear , ambition , frustration, rivalry , hatred , or disappointment . I call these charts my Happiness Charts . These exercises in malice never fail to boost my spirits ----but only for a while . I rank pretty high when the company is analyzed this way , because I ‘m not envious or disappointed , and I have no expectations . At the very top , of course , are those people , mostly young and without dependents , to whom the company is not yet an institution of any sacred merit but still only a place to work , and who regard their present association with it as something temporary . I put these people at the top because if you asked any one of them if he would choose to spend the rest of his life working for the company , he would give you a resounding No ! , regardless of what inducements were offered . I was that high once . if you asked me that same question today, I would also give you a resounding No ! and add:Lesson Two EvelineBut in her new home , in a distant unknown country , it would not be like that . Then she would be married ---she , Eveline . People would treat her with respect then . She would not be treated as her mother had been . Even now , though she was over nineteen , she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence . She knew it was that that had given her the palpitations . When they were growing up he had never gone for her , like he used to go for Harry and Ernest , because she was a girl ; but latterly he had begun to threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother’s sake . And now she had nobody to protect her , Ernest was dead and Harry ,who was in the church decorating business , was nearly always down somewhere in the country . Besides , the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nights had begun to weary her unspeakably . She always gave her entire wages ----seven shillings ----and Harry always sent up what he could , but the trouble was to get any money from her father . He said she used to squander the money , that she had no head , that he wasn’t going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets ,elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions . She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly . It was hard work ----a hard life ----but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life .She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall .He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her , saying something about the passage over and over again . The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages . Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat , lying in beside the quay wall , with illumined portholes . She answered nothing . She felt her cheek pale and cold and , out of a maze of distress , she prayed to God to direct her , to show her what was her duty . The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist . If she went , tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank , steaming towards Buenos Ayres . Their passage had been booked . Could she still draw back after all he had done for her ? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body and she kept moving her lips in silent fervent prayer .Lesson Three What’s Wrong With Our Press ?The fact is that although network television still allots too little time to the vital service of informing the public , it does a better job in that little time than the nation’s press as a whole . And when I speak of the nation’s press as a whole , I am not speaking of the five or six splendid newspapers ----and the one great newspaper -----which serve the world as models of responsible public information . I am speaking of the local press which in hundreds of American communities is the only news available , aside from those recitals of ticker tape that pass for radio news .Fortunately for the American public , television does not tolerate the kind of distortion of fact , the kind of partisan virulence and personal peeve , that many newspapers not only welcome but encourage . In its entertainment , television caters far too much to the lowest instincts of man , particularly the lust for violence . But there is one appetite it does not feed and which the partisan newspapers of the nation do : the appetite for hate ---hate of whatever is different . I do not find on televison the kind of editorials chronic in the New York tabloids as well as in many local papers across the country .that elevates news above dogfood . it is easier to write editorial copy that appeal to emotion rather than reason .Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in AmericaWhat can we possibly conclude from these discrepant points of view ? Our popular attitudes could be summed up as a combination of wishful thinking and stark terror . We base our feelings on primitive fears , prejudice and stereotypes rather than on knowledge and insight . In reality , the way one experiences old age is contingent upon physical health , personality , earlier-life experiences , the actual circumstances of late –life events ( in what order they occur , how they occur , when they occur ) and the social supports one receives : adequate finances , shelter, medical care , social roles , religious support , recreation . All of these are crucial and interconnected elements which together determine the quality of late life .Lesson Seven Ace in the HoleNo sooner did his car touch the boulevard heading home than Ace flicked on the radio . He needed the radio , especially today . In the seconds before the tubes warmed up , he said aloud , doing it just to hear a human voice , “ Jesus . She ‘ll pop her lid . “ His voice , though familiar , irked him ; it sounded thin and scratchy . In a deeper register Ace added , “ She’ll murder me . “ Then the radio came on , warm and strong , so he stopped worrying . The five Kings were doing “ Blueberry Hill “ ; to hear them made Ace feel so sure inside that from the pack pinched between the car roof and the sun shield he plucked a cigarette , hung it on his lower lip , snapped a match across the rusty place on the dash . He rolled down the window and snapped the match so it spun end-over-end into the gutter . “ Two points , “ he said , and cocked the cigarette toward the roof of the car , sucked powerfully , and exhaled two plumes through his nostrils . He was beginning to feel like himself , Ace Anderson , for the first time that whole day , a bad day . He beat time on the accelerator . The car jerked crazily .The run must have tuned Bonnie up . When they got back home , as soon as he lowered her into the crib , she began to shout and wave her arms . He didn’t want to play with her . He tossed some blocks and rattle into the crib an walked into the bathroom , where he turned on the hot water andwent bald first . He remembered reading somewhere , though , that baldness shows virility .Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My SupperEconomics entered . It is possible to turn out in quantity a bland , impersonal , practically imperishable substance more or less resembling , say cheese ---at lower cost than cheese . Chain groceries shut out the independent stores and “ standardization “ became a principal means of cutting cost .Lesson Ten How Market Leaders Keep Their EdgeThe third value discipline we have named customer intimacy . Its adherents focus on delivering not what the market wants but what specific customers want . Customer-intimate companies do not pursue one-time transactions ; they cultivate relationships . They specialize in satisfying unique needs , which often only they recognize , through a close relationship with ---and intimate knowledge of ----the customer . Their proposition to the customer: We have the best solution for you , and we provide all the support you need to achieve optimum results , or value , or both , from whatever products you buy . Long distance telephone carrier Cable& Wireless , , for example , practices customer intimacy with a vengeance , achieving success in a highly competitive market by consistently going the extra mile for its selectively chosen , small-business customers .Lesson Eleven On Human Nature and PoliticsBut great as is the influence of the motives we have been considering , there is one which outweighs them all... Power, like vanity, is insatiable. Nothing short of omnipotence could satisfy it completely. And as it is especially the vice of energetic men, the casual efficacy of love of power is out of all proportion to its frequency. It is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in the lives of important men. Love of power is greatly increased by the experience of power, and this applies to petty power as well as to that of potentates. In the happy days before 1914,when well-to-do ladies could acquire a host of servants, their pleasure in exercising power over the domestics steadily increased with age. Similarly, in any autocratic regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with experience of the delights that power can afford. Since power over human beings is shown inconsent. If you require a building permit, the petty official concerned will obviously get more pleasure from saying "No" than from saying "Yes". It is this sort of thing which makes the love of power such a dangerous motive . But it has other sides which are more desirable . The pursuit of knowledge is, I think, mainly actuated by love of power. And so are all advances in scientific technique. In politics, also, a reformer may have just as strong a love of power as a despot . It would be a complete mistake to decry love of power altogether as a motive. Whether you will be led by this motive to actions which are useful, or to actions which are pernicious, depends upon the social system, and upon your capacities.Lesson Twelve The Everlasting WitnessThe three were eating breakfast on the terrace, a thousand and one felicitous birds in the garden trees. In unsullied damp brown circles of soft earth the roses bloomed serenely against the pink Mexican wall. Marian's brother-in-law read the English page, as dedicated as a nice little boy reading the funnies, and Theresa, Marian's sister, chatted softly and merrily about their next week-end holiday. Theresa's bright smile had always been her mark and now, childless and with a husband beyond war age, and a life both ordered and gay, it looked as if that smile had justified itself.Lesson Thirteen Selected SnobberiesAll men are snobs about something. One is almost tempted to add : There is nothing about which men cannot feel snobbish. But this would doubtless be an exaggeration. There are certain disfiguring and mortal diseases about which there has probably never been any snobbery. I cannot imagine, for exam4ple, that there are any leprosy-snobs. More picturesque diseases, even when they are dangerous, and less dangerous diseases, particularly when they are the diseases of the rich, can be and very frequently are a source of snobbish self-importance. I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs , who thought that it would be romantic to fade away in the flower of youth , like Keats or Marie Bashkirtseff. Alas, the final stages of the consumptive fading are generally a good deal less romantic than these ingenuous young tubercle-snobs seem to imagine . To anyone who has actually witnessed these final stages, the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic. In the case ofexasperation is not tempered by very much sympathy. People who possesssufficient wealth, not to mention sufficient health, to go travelling from spa to spa. from doctor to fashionable doctor, in search of cures from problematical diseases (which, in so far as they exist at all. probably have their source in overeating) cannot expect us to be .very lavish in our solicitude and pity.lesson fourteen Saturday Night and Sunday MorningHe sat by the canal fishing on a Sunday morning in spring, at an elbow where alders dipped over the water like old men on their last legs, pushed by young sturdy oaks from behind. He straightened his back, his fingers freeing nylon line from a speedily revolving reel. Around him lay knapsack and jacket, an empty catch-net, his bicycle, and two tins of worms dug from the plot of garden at home before setting out. Sun was breaking through clouds, releasing a smell of earth to heaven. Birds sang. A soundless and minuscular explosion of water caught his eye. He moved nearer the edge, stood up, and with a vigorous sweep of his arm, cast out the line.Lesson Fifteen Is America Falling Apart?During my year's stay in New Jersey I let my appetite flower into full Americanism except for one thing. I did not possess an automobile. This self-elected deprivation was a way into the nastier side of the consumer society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being. The rundown rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to forget. The nightmare of filth, outside and in, that enfolds the trip from Springfield, Mass., to Grand Central Station would not be accepted in backward Europe. But far worse is the nightmare of travel in and around Los Angeles, where public transport does not exist and people are literally choking to death in their exhaust fumes . This is part of the price of individual ownership.Lesson sixteen Through the TunnelAs for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach , he began the steep descent to the bay . From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darkerblue.。
自考高级英语各类笔记汇总 上册 Lesson1
背景知识（Background knowledge）Rock MusicA form of popular music is characterized by a pronounced, amplified beat. Electric guitars are almost always the main instrumental sound source. The modem rock band's basic elements are one or more vocalists, an electric lead guitar and bass guitar and drums. A rhythm guitar is often included, and many bands also use keyboards. "Rock-and-roll" was coined in the mid-1950 by a Cleveland broadcaster, Alan Freed, to replace "rhythm-and-blues"——a term that Freed thought had too many racial overtones'. (It was being called "race music" in some quarters at the time.) Rhythm-and-blues was itself an updated, urbanized stylization of the blues, which had been developed mainly by rural or country-oriented black musicians. When the music was renamed rock-and-roll, it also underwent an elemental change, particularly when white performers saw how eagerly young audiences responded. "White" music——that is essentially conventional popular music with a decided country-and-western flavor——was blended with rhythm-and-blues, and young people continued to hold a proprietary attitude about it. Rock went through its share of phases and participated in a number of pop culture fads.课文要义（Main idea of the text）The author focuses on the social influences of the rock music in terms of sociology. By contrasting different attitudes toward the rock among the young and adult audience, the author points out that rock is served as an expression of social ideas, and also provides a debating stage for different ideas. Rock 'n' roll stars express the young generation's viewpoints on various political and social problems, and also help the society see its own beliefs and attitudes, and express the young men's feelings and hope.词汇(Vocabulary)1.adulation: (n.) excessive admiration or praise; flatteryThe magazine is full of the fan’s adulation of their favorite pop stars.杂志上充满了歌迷对他们所喜爱的歌手的吹捧。
自考00603《高级英语》重点知识点
《高级英语（上）》重点知识第一课1．课文重点段落：2、4、5、62．重点短语：adulation、disaffection、embody、reverence、sprinkle、swelter3．重点短语：conceive of：设想，想象、see……as：把……视为，把……当作、rather than：不是……而是……、take place：发生第二课4．课文重点段落：1、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、125．重点短语：affluent、available、cleanse、dwindle、disillusionment、tedious、relevant 6．重点短语：contribute……to……贡献，捐款、batten on：靠损害他人养肥自己、drop out：放弃，退出第三课7．课文重点段落：2、3、15、16、17、21、308．重点短语：apologetic、apprehension、coax、contemptible、desist9．重点短语：break in：插入，闯入、hold down：控制、reduce to：变成第四课10．课文重点段落：2、6、7、811．重点短语：arguable、dodge、intrude、languish、legalize12．重点短语：come to light 公布于众、go over：检查细节、hold out：持续、omply with 依从，顺从第五课13．课文重点段落：1、2、4、6、7、10、12、15、1614．重点短语：drawback、incredulous、inferior、predominate、mold、register15．重点短语：be content with：满足、be supposed to：理应，应该、run for：竞选、be aware of：意识，知道、convince sb. of sth./that……说服，使相信第六课16．课文重点段落：P80页3、4段17．重点短语：agitate、embitter、hesitant、scoff、segregation、tentative18．重点短语：leave alone：不干涉，不管、end up：最后、break in：打断，插嘴说第七课19．课文重点段落：1、8、920．重点短语：accompaniment、clasp、drop、invalid、rescue21．重点短语：decide on：考虑后决定、fix to：固定、make a point of sth：认为有必要或重要、Look forward to：期望……第八课22．课文重点段落：P109页2、3、6段，P111页4段，P112页倒数第3段23．重点短语：couch、infuse、memorize、ruffle、sop、sophistication24．重点短语：.let alone：更不必说、appeal to：引起兴趣，吸引、have trouble (in) doing sth：做某事有困难、single out：挑选，选择第九课25．课文重点段落：1、226．重点短语：allot:、condense;、divert、surrender、miraculous27．重点短语：expose to: 暴露于、concentrate on：集中注意力、result in: 导致，带来、substitute for: 代替第十课30．课文重点段落：P140页倒数第三段，P141页倒数第一段31．重点短语：abrupt、compassionate、confirm、contemptuous、daunt、implore、overdo 32．重点短语：See through: 看穿、be bound to :一定，必须、in sth’s favour: 对……有利、in case: 万一、consent to :同意，允许第十一课33．课文重点段落：出最后以自然段外都是34．重点短语：crooked、eventful、inhuman、meditate、remonstrate、torment:35．重点短语：thanks to:由于，因为、be of no avail;无效；无用第十二课36．课文重点段落：1，P173页2段，37．重点短语：efface、compulsion、fluctuate:、outweigh38．重点短语：settle down:安顿，安定、get back: 补偿，恢复、for the sake of :为了、come up:出现第十三课39．课文重点段落：1、2、340．重点短语：actuate、impair、irk、outwit、actuate、procure、unmask:41．重点短语：be apt to do sth:易于，有……倾向的、apply to :适用、capable of :有能力，有可能、derive from:获得、by all means: 一定，必定、by any means: 无论如何第十四课42．课文重点段落：P203页最后1段，P205页第2段43．重点短语：distortion、dormant、glamorize、rampant、rationalize、distortion、revulsion 44．重点短语：be tantamount to: 等同于be guilty of: 对……有罪责in terms of :就……来说，在……方面pay homage to :表示敬意第十五课45．课文重点段落：2、346．重点短语：concede、diffusion、disharmony、expend、concede、indistinguishable、pronounced retrench47．重点短语：transform into:变为due to :由于regard as: 认为，把……看作turn out:证实，结果是第十六课48．课文重点段落：P244页第1段，P245页最后1段49．重点短语：composure、cordial、mandatory、season50．重点短语：in demand; 需求，受欢迎Owe sth. to sb.欠某人……，把……归功于……long for; 渴望take pride in: 对……感到自豪On behalf of:代表《高级英语（下）》重点知识第一课51．课文重点段落：P3页第2、3段，P5段3段，P6最后1段52．重点短语：bypass、distribution、monotony、motivate53．重点短语：in the long run:最终，终究, 从长远来看。
高级英语Lesson_1_(Book_2)Face_to_Face_with_Hurricane_Camille_课文内容
Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleJoseph P. Blank1 John Koshak, Jr., knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad. Radio and television warnings had sounded throughout that Sunday, last August 17, as Camille lashed northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico. It was certain to pummel Gulfport, Miss., where the Koshers lived. Along the coasts of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, nearly 150,000 people fled inland to safer 8round. But, like thousands of others in the coastal communities, john was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family -- his wife, Janis, and their seven children, abed 3 to 11 -- was clearly endangered.2 Trying to reason out the best course of action, he talked with his father and mother, who had moved into the ten-room house with the Koshaks a month earlier from California. He also consulted Charles Hill, a long time friend, who had driven from Las Vegas for a visit.3 John, 37 -- whose business was right there in his home ( he designed and developed educational toys and supplies, and all of Magna Products' correspondence, engineering drawings and art work were there on the first floor) -- was familiar with the power of a hurricane. Four years earlier, Hurricane Betsy had demolished undefined his former home a few miles west of Gulfport (Koshak had moved his family to a motel for the night). But that house had stood only a few feet above sea level. "We' re elevated 2a feet," he told his father, "and we' re a good 250 yards from the sea. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. We' II probably be as safe here as anyplace else."4 The elder Koshak, a gruff, warmhearted expert machinist of 67, agreed. "We can batten down and ride it out," he said. "If we see signs of danger, we can get out before dark."5 The men methodically prepared for the hurricane. Since water mains might be damaged, they filled bathtubs and pails. A power failure was likely, so they checked out batteries for the portable radio and flashlights, and fuel for the lantern. John's father moved a small generator into the downstairs hallway, wired several light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator.6 Rain fell steadily that afternoon; gray clouds scudded in from the Gulf on the rising wind. The family had an early supper. A neighbor, whose husband was in Vietnam, asked if she and her two children could sit out the storm with the Koshaks. Another neighbor came by on his way in-land — would the Koshaks mind taking care of his dog?7 It grew dark before seven o' clock. Wind and rain now whipped the house. John sent his oldest son and daughter upstairs to bring down mattresses and pillows for the younger children. He wanted to keep the grouptogether on one floor. "Stay away from the windows," he warned, concerned about glass flying from storm-shattered panes. As the wind mounted to a roar, the house began leaking- the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. With mops, towels, pots and buckets the Koshaks began a struggle against the rapidly spreading water. At 8:30, power failed, and Pop Koshak turned on the generator.8 The roar of the hurricane now was overwhelming. The house shook, and the ceiling in the living room was falling piece by piece. The French doors in an upstairs room blew in with an explosive sound, and the group heard gun- like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated. Water rose above their ankles.9 Then the front door started to break away from its frame. John and Charlie put their shoulders against it, but a blast of water hit the house, flinging open the door and shoving them down the hall. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. Charlie licked his lips and shouted to John. "I think we' re in real trouble. That water tasted salty." The sea had reached the house, and the water was rising by the minute!10 "Everybody out the back door to the oars!" John yelled. "We' II pass the children along between us. Count them! Nine!"11 The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. But the cars wouldn't start; the electrical systems had been killed by water. The wind was too Strong and the water too deep to flee on foot. "Back to the house!" john yelled. "Count the children! Count nine!"12 As they scrambled back, john ordered, "Every-body on the stairs!" Frightened, breathless and wet, the group settled on the stairs, which were protected by two interior walls. The children put the oat, Spooky, and a box with her four kittens on the landing. She peered nervously at her litter. The neighbor's dog curled up and went to sleep.13 The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. The house shuddered and shifted on its foundations. Water inched its way up the steps as first- floor outside walls collapsed. No one spoke. Everyone knew there was no escape; they would live or die in the house.14 Charlie Hill had more or less taken responsibility for the neighbor and her two children. The mother was on the verge of panic. She clutched his arm and kept repeating, "I can't swim, I can't swim."15 "You won't have to," he told her, with outward calm. "It's bound to end soon."16 Grandmother Koshak reached an arm around her husband's shoulder and put her mouth close to his ear. "Pop," she said, "I love you." He turned his head and answered, "I love you" -- and his voice lacked its usual gruffness.17 John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. He had underestimated the ferocity of Camille. He had assumed that what had never happened could not happen. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: "Get us through this mess, will You?"18 A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. The bottom steps of the staircase broke apart. One wall began crumbling on the marooned group.19 Dr. Robert H. Simpson, director of the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Fla., graded Hurricane Camille as "the greatest recorded storm ever to hit a populated area in the Western Hemisphere." in its concentrated breadth of some 70 miles it shot out winds of nearly 200 m.p.h. and raised tides as high as 30 feet. Along the Gulf Coast it devastated everything in its swath: 19,467 homes and 709 small businesses were demolished or severely damaged. it seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 ~ miles away. It tore three large cargo ships from their moorings and beached them. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.20 To the west of Gulfport, the town of Pass Christian was virtually wiped out. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.21 Seconds after the roof blew off the Koshak house, john yelled, "Up the stairs -- into our bedroom! Count the kids." The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. Grandmother Koshak implored, "Children, let's sing!" The children were too frightened to respond. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.22 Debris flew as the living-room fireplace and its chimney collapsed. With two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, John ordered, "Into the television room!" This was the room farthest from the direction of the storm.23 For an instant, John put his arm around his wife. Janis understood. Shivering from the wind and rain and fear, clutching two children to her, she thought, Dear Lord, give me the strength to endure what I have to. She felt anger against the hurricane. We won't let it win.24 Pop Koshak raged silently, frustrated at not being able to do anything to fight Camille. Without reason, he dragged a cedar chest and a double mattress from a bed-room into the TV room. At that moment, the wind tore out one wall and extinguished the lantern. A second wall moved, wavered, Charlie Hill tried to support it, but it toppled on him, injuring his back. The house, shuddering and rocking, had moved 25 feet from its foundations. The world seemed to be breaking apart.25 "Let's get that mattress up!" John shouted to his father. "Make it alean-to against the wind. Get the kids under it. We can prop it up with our heads and shoulders!"26 The larger children sprawled on the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer on top of them, and the adults bent over all nine. The floor tilted. The box containing the litter of kittens slid off a shelf and vanished in the wind. Spooky flew off the top of a sliding bookcase and also disappeared. The dog coweredwith eyes closed. A third wall gave way. Water lapped across the slanting floor. John grabbed a door which was still hinged to one closet wall. "If the floor goes," he yelled at his father, "let's get the kids on this."27 In that moment, the wind slightly diminished, and the water stopped rising. Then the water began receding. The main thrust of Camille had passed. The Koshaks and their friends had survived.28 With the dawn, Gulfport people started coming back to their homes. They saw human bodies -- more than 130 men, women and children died along the Mississippi coast- and parts of the beach and highway were strewn with dead dogs, cats, cattle. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.29 None of the returnees moved quickly or spoke loudly; they stood shocked, trying to absorb the shattering scenes before their eyes. "What do we dot" they asked. "Where do we go?"30 By this time, organizations within the area and, in effect, the entire population of the United States had come to the aid of the devastated coast. Before dawn, the Mississippi National Guard and civil-defense units were moving in to handle traffic, guard property, set up communications centers, help clear the debris and take the homeless by truck and bus to refugee centers. By 10 a.m., the Salvation Army's canteen trucks and Red Cross volunteers and staffers were going wherever possible to distribute hot drinks, food, clothing and bedding.31 From hundreds of towns and cities across the country came several million dollars in donations; household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. The federal government shipped 4,400,000 pounds of food, moved in mobile homes, set up portable classrooms, opened offices to provide low-interest, long-term business loans.32 Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropping more than 28 inches of rain into West Virginia and southern Virginia, causing rampaging floods, huge mountain slides and 111 additional deaths before breaking up over the Atlantic Ocean.33 Like many other Gulfport families, the Koshaks quickly began reorganizing their lives, John divided his family in the homes of two friends. The neighbor with her two children went to a refugee center. Charlie Hill found a room for rent. By Tuesday, Charlie's back had improved, and he pitched in with Seabees in the worst volunteer work of all--searching for bodies. Three days after the storm, he decided not to return to Las Vegas, but to "remain in Gulfport and help rebuild the community."34 Near the end of the first week, a friend offered the Koshaks his apartment, and the family was reunited. The children appeared to suffer no psychological damage from their experience; they were still awed by the incomprehensible power of the hurricane, but enjoyed describing what they had seen and heard on that frightful night, Janis had just one delayed reaction.A few nights after the hurricane, she awoke suddenly at 2 a.m. She quietly gotup and went outside. Looking up at the sky and, without knowing she was going to do it, she began to cry softly.35 Meanwhile, John, Pop and Charlie were picking through the wreckage of the home. It could have been depressing, but it wasn't: each salvaged item represented a little victory over the wrath of the storm. The dog and cat suddenly appeared at the scene, alive and hungry.36 But the blues did occasionally afflict all the adults. Once, in a low mood, John said to his parents, "I wanted you here so that we would all be together, so you could enjoy the children, and look what happened."37 His father, who had made up his mind to start a welding shop when living was normal again, said, "Let's not cry about what's gone. We' II just start all over."38 "You're great," John said. "And this town has a lot of great people in it. It' s going to be better here than it ever was before."39 Later, Grandmother Koshak reflected : "We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important."(from Rhetoric and Literature by P. Joseph Canavan)NOTES1. Joseph p. Blank: The writer published "Face to Face with Hurricane Camille" in the Reader's Digest, March 1970.2. Hurricane Camille: In the United States hurricanes are named alphabetically and given the names of people like Hurricane Camille, Hurricane Betsy, and so on; whereas in China Typhoons are given serial numbers like Typhoon No. 1, Typhoon No. 2 and so on.3. The Salvation Army: A Protestant religious body devoted to the conversion of, and social work among the poor, and characterized by use of military titles, uniforms, etc. It was founded in 1878 by "General" Booth in London; now worldwide in operation.4. Red Cross: an international organization ( in full International Red Cross), founded in 1864 with headquarters and branches in all countries signatory to the Geneva Convention, for the relief of suffering in time of war or disaster 小约翰。
自考英语本科《高级英语》考点精析
考点精析Lesson one Rock Superstars : What do they tell us about ourselves and our society ?＃Sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners。
sprinkle v。
to scatter in drops or small grains 喷/洒/撒eg: Sprinkle sand along the icy path . 把沙子撒在冰封的路上。
＃They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .surge v。
to move ，esp.forward ，in or like powerful waves 汹涌，澎湃eg：The crowd surged past him 。
人潮从他身边汹涌而过。
n。
strong，wavelike ，forward movement 波涛,巨浪eg: The surge crashed against the coast .汹涌的波涛拍打着海岸。
# How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?adulation n. praise that is more than necessary or deserved 奉承,谄媚eg: He received many adulations from his colleagues 。
他受到许多同事的奉承.adulate v。
praise more than is truthful to win favor 奉承，逢迎eg：The leader are easily adulated . 领导容易受逢迎.＃Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan ？reverence n. great respect 尊敬，崇敬eg：They show great reverence to him 。
《高级英语 上》笔记
高级英语（上）L1-10 笔记Lesson 1一.句子1.How do you feel about this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at himas a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he-or Dylan-is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?There aren’t idle questions. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking-in other words, about where you and your society are. “Music expresses its times,” says sociologist Irving Horowitz, Horowitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash .He sees it as a place where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs. “The redefinition,” Horowitz says, “is a task uniquely performed by the young. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration, reason and motion, word and sound, music and politics.你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜？当米克.贾格尔的歌迷把他视作大主教或神时，你对他们是持赞成还是反对态度？你是否赞同克里斯.辛格对鲍勃.狄佗的近乎宗教般的崇敬？你认为是他-还是狄伦-迷入歧途了？你是否认为艾利斯.库珀的表演令人讨厌因而拒绝接受他呢？你是否因为这位奇怪的小丑表达出了你狂热的幻觉而多少被他吸引？这些并不是随便提出的毫无价值的问题。
Lesson-1-The-Middle-Eastern-Bazaar-高级英语-第一册-
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar①The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.②Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit.③One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, so that purchasers can know where to find them, and so that they can form a closely knit guild against injustice or persecution . In the cloth-market, for instance, all the sellers of material for clothes, curtains, chair covers and so on line the roadway on both sides, each open-fronted shop having a trestle table for display and shelves for storage. Bargaining is the order of the cay, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.④It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going at intervals.⑤One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers. In each shop sit the apprentices – boys and youths, some of them incredibly young – hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. In the background, a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe -- the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.⑥Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or the simple, everyday kitchenware used in this country, pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional.⑦Elsewhere there is the carpet-market, with its profusion of rich colours, varied textures and regional designs -- some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and the food-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.⑧Perhaps the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar, apart from its general atmosphere, is the place where they make linseed oil. It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mud brick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, each with a huge pole through its centre as an axle. The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. This revolves in a circular stone channel, into which an attendant feeds linseed. The stone wheel crushes it to a pulp, which is then pressed to extract the oil .The camels are the largest and finest I have ever seen, and in superb condition – muscular, massive and stately.⑨The pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by a vast ramshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders creak and groan, ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.中东的集市（中东的集市带大家认识中东国家的风土人情和生活习俗哥特式建筑！）中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。
自考“高级英语”笔记(1)
Lesson one：Rock Superstars：What Do They Tell Us about Ourselves and Our Society1. Rock Superstars 摇滚乐超级明星rock ：rock music ，rock ' n ' roll （or ：rock and roll ）摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌（folk ）爵士乐（jazz ）勃鲁斯歌曲（blues）等的一种音乐，其特征是具有强烈的节奏（rhythm ）单纯的旋律（melody ）一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音（after beat ）2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的反叛音乐a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager （13 至19 岁的）青少年的。
其名词形式为teenager：（13至19岁的青少年）。
b. rebellion ：resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反，反派。
如； a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反叛。
3. By a man's heroes ye shall know him. 你将从一个人崇拜的英雄得知其人。
a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的judge a man by the company he keeps（以一个人所交的朋友断定其为人）很相似。
b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中，是第二人称代词thou的复数。
如：Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚。
（出自<>）4. " Midnight Ramblerramble ：walk for pleasure漫游，既可表动词，也可作名词。
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Lesson One Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell us About Ourselves and Our Society? Words and ExpressionsTest Explanation1By a man's heroes ye shall know him.You'll find out what kind of a person someone is if you know who his or her heroes are.2… the Chicago Amphitheater was packed, sweltering, rocking.The Amphitheater was crowded with listeners, which made the place oppressively hot. It was rocking because the music was played loud and the listeners were rocking to the music.3onstageThis is an adverb meaning on the stage. In this kind of open-air performances, the stage is a raised platform installed somewhere in the middle of the open place.4critic Don HeckmanPopular usage in news. Other samples are: fan Chris Singer and sociologist Irving Horowitz5Jagger, … grabs a half-gallon jug … sprinkling its contents over … sweltering listeners.sprinkling是现在分词做状语，表示伴随发生的动作，所表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态。
"its contents" refers to the contents of the jug, same as "water"."sweltering listeners" means listeners who are sweating because of too much heat.6They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops."baptismal drops" means "baptismal water drops".7Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front…About 14,000 screaming fans were crowding up noisily to the front8Alice Cooper, America's singing ghoulA singing ghoul here means a singer who has the habit of making some horrible acts.9Inside the Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, Bob Dylan and The Band were tuning up for a concert."Tuning up for the concert" means "adjusting their musical instruments to the same pitch so as to perform in the concert".10high priestA chief priest in charge of special acts of religion.11Do you reject Alice Copper as sick?Do you refuse to accept Alice Copper because you think his performance is disgusting?12… because he acts out your wildest fantasies?… because he expresses by actions your wildest fantasies?13These aren't idle questions.These are not worthless questions asked casually.14Music expresses its times.Music reflects the characteristics of the times in which it is composed.15Todd Rundgren, the composer and singerTodd Rundgren, both a composer and a singer16Rock music … is really a sociological expression…Rock music expresses the likes and dislikes of a particular group of people about their society.17between Elvis and Alicefrom Elvis to Alice18Boy Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection.This metaphor means that Bob Dylan's songs express what people were most dissatisfied with and what they would respond to impulsively.19civil rightsThe rights of a citizen, especially those guaranteed by the Constitution, regardless of race, color or sex.20nuclear falloutThe disastrous radio-active particles produced by a nuclear explosion, which spread in the air and finally fall down on the earth21… do you, Mr. Jones?Jones is a common name, used to refer to any man. To keep up with the Joneses, for instance, means to keep up with your friends and neighbors in possession of things.22The Beatles showed there was a range of emotions between love and hate.The Beatles sang of subtle feelings, not just the two extreme feelings of love and hate.23… mixing the more traditional ideas…into the more radical "city" ideas of the hard rock.The Band put the elements of country and western music into the form of hard rock.24Who never conceived of us billion-dollar babies.Who never thought we young rock singers could earn over a billion dollars.baby means a loved person.25Where it is, where it was, where it is heading?What is our society like today, what was it like in the past, and what will it be like in the future.26gasped a girl dressed in blackdress in black是过去分词做定语，可以变为定语从句who was dressed in black.27They think he is sick, sick, sick.They think his performance is disgusting.28How can you stand that stuff?Stand: bear, tolerate29Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, …draw : attract吸引；somehow是副词，表示“不知是什么原因，不知怎么地”30It's just that Elvis managed to embody…manage to means succeed in dealing with a difficult action31Rock musci is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force.rather than means more, in a greater degree32Newpapers editorialized against him.Newspapers carry the editors' articles attacking him.33The rock musicians mirror feelings and beliefs.The rock musicians reflect feelings and outlooks.Here outlooks means point of views34What do we give them in return?in return mean in exchange, in payment forHanent整理Lesson One Page 11 of 11。