straightAilliteracy_全A_文盲翻译
straight_A illiteracy 全A 文盲
全A 文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
straightA_illiteracy__全A_文盲翻译
全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
straightAilliteracy_全A_文盲 翻译
全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
高级英语 Straight-A Illitaracy
Text 1 Straight-A IlliteracyⅠ. Learning objectives⏹Learn to write in a concise and clear way.⏹Develop full consciousness of styleⅡ. Warm-up questions1.What kind of student is a straight-A student? Is a straight-A student admired?For what?2.Why does the author refer to a straight-A student as illiterate? Explain theparadox.3.As is indicated in the title, the major concern of the author is the problem of―straight-A Illiteracy‖. Why do you think the author brings up this subject?What’s the purpose?4.In the 1st paragraph, the author compares two kinds of illiteracy, what are they?Explain the characteristics of each. Why does the author regard the secondtype as more infectious and therefore harmful?5.The author resorts to some rhetorical and linguistic devices to highlight theextreme difficulty in understanding Mr. Bright’s paper. Can you identify suchexpressions? How would you express otherwise?6.The author compares Straight-A Illiteracy to a disease. In what sense is thismetaphor appropriate?7.In ―I address the student—whom I shall call allegorically Mr. Bright‖, whatdoes the word ―allegory‖ mean?8.From a particular case (Mr. Bright’s writing), the author turns to the generalsituation (ie. ―many students like him). How could you comment on therhetorical device that the author has used?Ⅲ. Relevant informationThe pleasure principle: Man is both biological animal and social being. In keeping with his biological endowment, man tends to seek pleasure and to avoid pain. This truism is known a s the ―pleasure principle‖.Some quotations on the significance of brevity & clarity in writing 1.I write as I walk because I want to get somewhere, and I write as straight as Ican because that is the best way to get there.-- H.G. Wells (1866-1946,H.G. Wells (1866-1946)⏹literary output vast and extremely varied,⏹perhaps best remembered for his scientific romances, among the earliest products of thenew genre of science fiction. (e.g. The T ime Machine, The First Men in the Moon. AModern Utopia )2.I have made this letter longer than usual because I lack the time to make itshorter.– Pascal (Provincial Letters (1657)Blaise Pascal (1623-62)⏹French mathematician, physicist, and moralist,⏹as gifted in science as in letters.⏹literary fame resting on two works, Provincial Letters (1656-7) (Les Provinciales3. I n order to speak short on any subject, think long.Brackenbridge (Modern Chivalry,1792) Hugh Henry Brackenbridge (1748-1816)⏹American novelist, poet, lawyer⏹Modern Chivalry (1792, satirical novel, published in installment from1792-1815, giving a good description of men and manners during the early days of the American republic and manifesting Brackenbridge allegiance to the robust tradition of the English novel in Smollett and Fielding)4.“If I’d had more time, I’d have written a shorter book.”Mark Twain5.The more you say, the less people remember. The fewer the words, the greaterthe profit. ---- FenelonSumming up the key ideas:Make your writing clean, clear and concise.1. Writing in clear and concise EnglishTastes may change in language, but some basic principles of good writing have remained unchanged. Among them are principles of Accuracy, Brevity and Clarity, appropriately abbreviated into ABC. Of the three principles, the one that relates most directly to the goal of communication is Clarity. When you write, you need to let your readers know from the verybeginning what you want to say. Y ou need not attempt to dazzle them with multi-syllable words and long, involved sentences. Graceful phrasing certainly contributes to good writing, but you need to strive first for clarity. It is ill-mannered to make your readers rack their brains trying to understand you. Nothing will annoy readers more than having to waste their time plowing through a cluttered paragraph because you neglected to spend your time cleaning it up.In the text, Orwell argues that we can improve our writing by getting rid of hackneyed metaphors, long-winded expressions and vague, high-sounding words. Be very careful, then, with over-used expressions such as the following:Hackneyed metaphors:⏹as busy as a bee⏹by leaps and bounds⏹as clear as crystal⏹face the music⏹play with fire⏹as cool as a cucumber⏹like a needle in a haystackClichés⏹last but not least⏹lucky dog,⏹no pain; no gain⏹ a piece of cake⏹from the bottom of my heart⏹from every walk of life⏹the other side of the coin⏹few and far between⏹Bite off more than you can chew.Big, long words⏹endeavor (attempt, try)⏹repercussions (results / effects)⏹transmit (send)⏹materialize ( happen, occur)⏹commence (begin, start)⏹blueprint (plan)⏹terminate (end)⏹assistance (help)⏹expenditure (cost)⏹necessitate (need, demand)⏹indebtedness (thanks, gratitude)Circumlocutions⏹ a limited number (few)⏹ a sizable percentage of … (many)⏹be of the opinion that … (think)Archaism⏹prior to (before)⏹as per (according to)2. Using the right wordWords are many and it is not always easy choosing the right one.First, words that look similar may have different meanings. For example:human: of, or relating to man (人的), as inhuman being; human nature; human rightshumane: be characterized by kindness, mercy, or compassion （仁慈的）, as ina humane judge/office; a humane killer(V ery different from a humankille r!)singularity: (of mind) oddity, peculiarity, something that singles a person outfrom others (思想奇特、古怪)singleness: (of mind) holding steadfastly to the purpose in mind, withoutbeing drawn aside by less worthy objects (思想专一、坚定)Secondly, words that have the same or similar meaning may carry different associations. For example, the following five words are similar in meaning but different in connotation.happiness:joy:delight:rapture:ecstasy:Thirdly, words that have the same meaning may be used in different situations and different styles. For example, in each of the following sets, words of the same notion are used at different levels of formality.poor face beginpoverty-stricken mug commencepenniless visage inauguratebroke initiateIn addition, there are cultural differences in word choice.We need to think about the various aspects of a word when deciding which to choose. Choosing the right word is, therefore, a process of clarifying and defining our thoughts. Unless we have found the exact words to verbalize our own thoughts, we can never be very sure of what our thoughts are. Without words, our thoughts can not be defined or stated in a clear and precise manner.1. Diction:As you search the right word,⏹be careful about words that sound grand but have vague meanings.⏹Avoid elevated language if you can say the same thing clearly and plainlywithout it.⏹Avoid jargon:Jargon usually means pretentious language used by people to make themselves sound smarter than anybody else. Such language is always ineffective because it sets up a barrier to communication.Jargon can also refer to language used with a trade or profession which is understood perfectly well among that specialized group but not by outsiders.Bridge players mean something entirely different by ―rubber‖, ―dummy‖ and ―slam‖ than the rest of us do.Consider your audience and your purpose. If your readers are familiar with the jargon, and if it is the best way to make your meaning clear, use it.The kind of jargon you should try to avoid includes those monstrous new phrases that creep into the language via the federal bureaucracy, the educational establishment, and the social sciences – phra ses like ―to facilitate the availability of funds‖ (meaning ―to help get money‖ )2. At sentence level:⏹Guard against lazy wordinessNothing will annoy readers more than having to waste their time plowing through a cluttered paragraph because you neglected to spend your time cleaning it up.⏹Avoid old-fashioned expressions:Compare the following pairs of expressions:Practice1.Tidy the following littered sentences. Keep the same meaning but eliminate the verbiage:Example:⏹It is believed by a number of persons in this country that the young people of today donot assume as much responsibility toward society as it might be hoped that they would.(33 words)⏹(Revised) T oday many believe that our young people assume too little responsibilitytoward society. (13 words)1)It has been in the most recent past that society has viewed the poor as being closely akinto the criminal.2)There came a time when there was a feeling that, at least on my part, based upon w hat Ihad been reading, the food we buy at the supermarket to eat is genuinely poisonous.3)In my opinion there are many diverse elements about this problem that we probablyought to think about before arriving at an opinion on this terribly complex matter.4)Government policy-makers should as a matter of course consider the widely varied anddiverse opinions of those qualified people outside government, as well as the ideas of people in their own departments and agencies.5)We stand ready, willing and able to be of assistance and service to you in the near future.2.Translate the following into plain English. Avoid vague expressions.1)The city budget proposes money for effective confinement andextinguishments of unwanted and destructive fires.2)The new economic sta tistics validated the essentiality of the President’sstruggle to cut the inflation rate.3)If we find the reasonable probability of repayment is slipping away from us,then we will have to respond in terms of extension of future credit. (Hint: Y ourfriendly banker might say this to you as a warning.)4)We have exceptional game plan capabilities together with strict concerns forprogramming successful situations. (Hint: This means ―Buy stock from us.‖) Reference answers:1)It has been in the most recent past that society has viewed the poor as being closely akinto the criminal.⏹The poor are now viewed as criminals.⏹Now society views the poor as criminals.2)There came a time when there was a feeling that, at least on my part, based upon what Ihad been reading, the food we buy at the supermarket to eat is genuinely poisonous.⏹I often feel that food bought at the supermarket is poisonous.3)In my opinion there are many diverse elements about this problem that we probablyought to think about before arriving at an opinion on this terribly complex matter.⏹I think there are many different elements to consider before coming to aconclusion.4)Government policy-makers should as a matter of course consider the widely varied anddiverse opinions of those qualified people outside government, as well as the ideas of people in their own departments and agencies.⏹Government policy-makers should consider the various opinions of those insideand outside the government.5)We stand ready, willing and able to be of assistance and service to you in the near future.⏹We are ready to help you.⏹We hope to offer you service in the future.3.Translate the following into plain English. Avoid vague expressions.1)The city budget proposes money for effective confinement and extinguishments ofunwanted and destructive fires.⏹The city budget proposes money for fire fighting/precautions2)The new economic statistics validated the essentiality of the President’s struggle to cutthe inflation rate.⏹The new economic statistics proved that it is important for the President to cutthe inflation rate.3)If we find the reasonable probability of repayment is slipping away from us, then we willhave to respond in terms of extension of future credit. (Hint: Y our friendly banker might say this to you as a warning.)⏹If we find you unable to repay us, we will give you an extension.4)We have exceptional game plan capabilities together with strict concerns forprogramming successful situations. (Hint: This means ―Buy stock from us.‖)⏹We are good at designing strategic plans to ensure success. (Implications: If youbuy stock （股票）from us you are sure to get profits.)Ⅳ. Language points1.fuss and bother about sth.:to make a fuss of sb.: to pay a lot of attention to sb.⏹They like to be flattered and made a fuss of. 喜欢受人呵护to fuss over sb./sth.: to pay too much attention or worry about them too much e.g.-- She was inclined to fuss over her health.-- A fussy person is one who makes a lot of ado about unimportant things.2. overpopulate: to have too large a population; (text)their number is very large.3. plight: difficult situation, full of problemseg. -- the plight of the handicapped-- The children were in a sorry plight; tired, lost, and hungry.4. as often as not:in roughly half the instances 多半/往往at least half the time;frequently5. interrogate: question sb. closely, thoroughly, formally6. pry:try to find out about sb. else’ private affairseg. –I’m not trying to pry.-- Don’t go prying into my affairs.7. probe: ask questions; make inquiries into; try to find outeg. – to probe for information-- to probe the mysteries of the universe8. exogenous: growing or originating from outside9. co linearity: in lines10. be contingent upon: depend upon/be decided by11. co efficient: (math) 系数eg. 4x12. decode: to decode a telegram/a message, to change it into ordinary language13. fellowship: money given to postgraduate students to allow them to continue theirstudies at an advanced level14. gibberish: unintelligible or meaningless speech, nonsense. ie. containing manyobscure, pretentious, or technical words; meaningless or unintelligible15. providential: a. lucky b. of or by divine foresight the protective care of God ornatureprovidence: -- God in this aspect-- timely care or preparation16. protect/guard/shelter/screen from/against:eg. – May God protect you from harm.-- Y ou can’t protect him from blame in the accident.-- It is hopeless trying to protect your child from the harmful effects of TVuntil the material improves.-- to protect from sudden attacks17. afflict: pain/illness/sorrow ~ sb. means to affect them and makethem suffer eg. sb. be afflicted with blindness; (text) affliction ofthe Bright disease18. entrepreneur: a person who undertakes an enterprise or business with the chanceof profit of loss19. filter: a porous device for removing impurities or solid particles from a liquid ofgas passed through it20. inexorable: a. relentless b. (of a person or attribute) that cannot be persuaded byrequest or entreatyeg. – to wage an ~ struggle against fascism 对…坚决的斗争-- an ~ law 不可抗拒的法律-- History is ~. 历史是无情的。
straight_a_illiteracy__全a_文盲 翻译
全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
翻译方法举隅：“直译”和“意译”的运用
翻译方法举隅：“直译”和“意译”的运用所谓适当的方法，就是指“直译”(Literal translation)和“意译”(Fre e translation)。
直译可以对号入座，字字翻译，但很多时候必须在句子某些成分上作些词类、词序、句式等方面的调整或变动，才能把译文带入既“忠实”又“流畅”的佳境。
如果直译行不通或是不理想的话，就只好意译了。
例如：(1) x：How much have you suffered, Irene?y：A lot.x：爱玲，你吃了多少苦？y：一言难尽。
(2) x：你这人真是“狗嘴里长不出象牙。
”x：A filthy mouth cannot utter decent language. You are really su ch a person.如果把第一句里的“a lot”直译为“许多”或“很多很多”，这句话自然吗？如果把第二句译成“A dog's mouth doesn't spit out an ivory”，只懂英语的人听了不会莫名其妙吗？意译技巧最常见于中英惯用语的对译。
除了上述“狗嘴里长不出象牙”之外，再看些其他意译的例子。
(3) Don't put on airs.（别摆架子）(4) What is done is done.（木已成舟）(5) Kicking a man when he is down.（打落水狗）(6) Pull out the evil by the roots.（斩草除根）意译虽重要，直译也可贵；能字字对译最好，若不能，就稍微整容或变型，以符合译文的外貌，保持原文的精髓。
现在就让我先举些中英直译的好例子：(7) 他是只纸老虎。
(He is a paper tiger)(8) 别流鳄鱼泪。
(Don't shed crocodile tears)(9) 应该弥补代沟。
(We must bridge the generation gap)(10) 这事使他丢脸。
Unit 5 straight A illiteracy.doc
Unit Five1. Lead-inMovie ClipWatch the following video and then do the exercise. You can find the interpretation of some words and phrases in "Word Bank".Book 6 Unit 5.mp4 (00:00 – 02:34)Script- Oh, hello.- Oh, hello.- Hi, how are you?- Fine.- So do you ladies uh ...- Come here often?- Do I come here? I come here a bit. I'm here you know from time to time. Do you go to school yet?- Yep.- Yeah, that's it. So I think I had a class with you.- Oh, yeah? What class?- History.- Maybe.- Yes, I think that's what it was. You don't necessarily ... may not remember me. You know I like it here. It doesn't mean I go here. I'm a genius. I am very smart.- Hey.- Hey, how's it going? How are ya?- Good. How ya doing?- What class did you say that was?- History.- Just history. It must have been a survey course then.- Yeah, it was. It was surveys.- Right.- You should check it out. It's a good course. It'd be a good class.- How'd you like that course?- You know, frankly, I found that class, you know, rather elementary.- Elementary. You know I don't doubt that it was. I uh I remember that class. It was ... um ... it was just between recess and lunch.- Clark, why don't you just go away?- Why don't you relax?- Why don't you go away?- I'm just having fun with my new friend. That's all.- Are we gonna have a problem?- No no no no. There's no problem here. I was just hoping you might give me some insight into the evolution of the market economy in the southern colonies. My contention is that prior to the Revolutionary War, the economic modalities especially in the southern colonies could most aptly be characterized as agrarian pre-capitalist.- Let me tell you something, all right?- Hang on a sec. You're a first-year grad student. You just got finished reading some Marxian historian, Pete Garrison probably. You're gonna be convinced of that till next month when you get to James Lemon. Then you're gonna be talking about how the economies of Virginia and Pennsylvania are entrepreneurial and capitalist way back in 1740. That's gonna last until next year. You're gonna be in here regurgitating Gordon Wood, talking about, you know, the pre-revolutionary utopia and the capital-forming effects of military mobilization.- Well as a matter of fact, I won't because Wood drastically underestimates the impact of ...- "Wood drastically underestimates the impact of social distinctions predicated upon wealth, especially inherited wealth." You got that from Vickers. "Work in Essex County", page 98, right?Yeah, I read that, too. Were you gonna plagiarize the whole thing for us? Do you have any thoughts of your own on this matter? Or is that your thing? You come into a bar. You read some obscure passage and then pretend you pawn it off as your own, as your own idea just to impress some girls? Embarrass my friend?(From Good Will Hunting)Word Bank1.elementary:introductory, fundamentale.g. I'm only familiar with the subject at an elementary level.2.recess:a pause from doing something, breake.g. The students have a 15-minute mid-morning recess.3.colony:the country or district settled or colonized 殖民地4.modality:a particular method or proceduree.g. The students are familiar with the traditional modalities of representing time and space.5.agrarian:relating to farming or farmerse.g. China used to be a typically agrarian country.6.regurgitate:repeat after memorizatione.g. For the exam, you must be able to regurgitate the information.7.predicate (up)on:involve as a necessary condition of consequencee.g. Solving the problem is predicated on understanding it well.8.plagiarize:take without referencing from someone else's writing or speeche.g. He accused other scientists of plagiarizing his research.9.pawn something off:to persuade someone to buy or accept something of low qualitye.g. The man tried in vain to pawn off an old bicycle to some girls.Exercise1.Clark interferes in the conversation because he wants to ___________.A. discuss a problem with the boyB. impress the girlC. show off his history knowledgeD. embarrass the boy2.It seems Clark is ___________.A. reciting someone's wordsB. pretending that he knows more than he doesC. seeking a fightD. interested in the girlsKey: 1. D 2. AInspirational QuotesA university is what a college becomes when the faculty loses interest in students.—John CiardiDiscussionDo you think it is important for a college student to get A's on all subjects? Why?II. Text IPre-reading Questions1.You surely know what kind of student a straight-A student is, and you may also know what"illiteracy" means. Do you think it a bit unusual to associate the notion of a straight-A student with that of illiteracy? Does "straight-A illiteracy" sound paradoxical?2.Make a guess as to what kind of illiteracy the author is going to discuss in his essay, and whatmade him think of such a subject.General ReadingI. Which of the following do you think most appropriately describes a straight-A illiterate?A.A well-educated person, typically one with a Ph.D. degree, or working toward it, and with ahigh I.Q., but disabled by long-term exposure to academic jargon to write in clear, plain English.B.A college student, usually one working toward a degree, who gets all A's for the courses hetakes and is thus a promising candidate for a coveted fellowship, but is unable to verbalize his thoughts clearly because of over-concentration on academic readings.C.A college student, a university professor, or any person of the academic world, who is anexpert in using the academic jargon to express himself but at a disadvantage when communicating in plain everyday English.Key: AII. Determine whether the following statements are true or false.1.In Degnan's opinion, of all those at university many are not able to read or write properly, andthis problem has already become a grave social concern.2.The sort of writing the straight-A illiterates produce is hardly intelligible to others, butcrystally comprehensible to themselves.3.If we compare straight-A illiteracy to a disease, as Degnan does, then the virus that causessuch a disease must be no other than the university professors.4.Straight-A illiteracy is regarded as an important qualification for Ph.D. degrees andfellowships by university authorities.5.Although straight-A illiteracy affects fewer people than ordinary illiteracy, Degnan stillthinks it is worse than the latter type.Key: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. TBackground Notes1.American Sociological Review: a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering allaspects of sociology. It is published by Sage Publications on behalf of the AmericanSociological Association. It was established in 1936.2.Malcolm Cowley (1898–1989): U.S. critic, and literary and cultural historian. He establishedhimself as an important writer in 1934 with the publication of Exile's Return. And in 1965, he was said to be, "next to Edmund Wilson (1895–1972), one of America's foremost literary critics, the finest literary historian and critic alive in America". His other important work is A Second Flowering Works and Days of the Lost Generation (1973).Text StudyTextStraight-A IlliteracyJames P. Degnan1 Despite all the current fuss and bother about the extraordinary number of ordinary illiterates who overpopulate our schools, small attention has been given to another kind of illiterate, an illiterate whose plight is, in many ways, more important, because he is more influential. This illiterate may, as often as not, be a university president, but he is typically a Ph.D., a successful professor and textbook author. The person to whom I refer is the straight-A illiterate, and the following is written in an attempt to give him equal time with his widely publicized counterpart.2 The scene is my office, and I am at work, doing what must be done if one is to assist in the cure of a disease that, over the years, I have come to call straight-A illiteracy. I am interrogating, I am cross-examining, I am prying and probing for the meaning of a student's paper. The student is a college senior with a straight-A average, an extremely bright, highly articulate student who has just been awarded a coveted fellowship to one of the nation's outstanding graduate schools. He and I have been at this, have been going over his paper sentence by sentence, word by word, for an hour. "The choice of exogenous variables in relation to multi-colinearity," I hear myself reading from his paper, "is contingent upon the derivations of certain multiple correlation coefficients." I pause to catch my breath. "Now that statement," I address the student —whom I shall call, allegorically, Mr. Bright — "that statement, Mr. Bright, what on earth does it mean?" Mr. Bright, his brow furrowed, tries mightily. Finally, with both of us combining our linguistic and imaginative resources, finally, after what seems another hour, we decode it. We decide exactly what it is that Mr. Bright is trying to say, what he really wants to say, which is: "Supply determines demand."3 Over the past decade or so, I have known many students like him, many college seniors suffering from Bright's disease. It attacks the best minds, and gradually destroys the critical faculties, making it impossible for the sufferer to detect gibberish in his own writing or in that of others. During the years of higher education it grows worse, reaching its terminal stage, typically, when its victim receives his Ph.D. Obviously, the victim of Bright's disease is no ordinary illiterate. He would never turn in a paper with misspellings or errors in punctuation; he would never use a double negative or the word "irregardless." Nevertheless, he is illiterate, in the worst way: he is incapable of saying, in writing, simply and clearly, what he means. The ordinary illiterate —perhaps providentially protected from college and graduate school — might say: "Them people down at the shop better stock up on what our customers need, or we ain't gonna be in business long." Not our man. Taking his cue from years of higher education, years of reading the textbooks and professional journals that are the major sources of his affliction, he writes: "The focus of concentration must rest upon objectives centered around the knowledge of customer areas so that a sophisticated awareness of those areas can serve as an entrepreneurial filter to screen what is relevant from what is irrelevant to future commitments." For writing such gibberish he is awarded straight As on his papers (both samples quoted above were taken from papers that received As), and the opportunity to move, inexorably, toward his fellowship and eventual Ph.D.4 As I have suggested, the major cause of such illiteracy is the stuff —the textbooks and professional journals —the straight-A illiterate is forced to read during his years of higher education. He learns to write gibberish by reading it, and by being taught to admire it as profundity. If he is majoring in sociology, he must grapple with such journals as the American Sociological Review, journals bulging with barbarous jargon, such as "ego integrative action orientation" and "orientation toward improvement of the gratificational deprivation balance of the actor" (the latter of which monstrous phrases represents, to quote Malcolm Cowley, the sociologist's way of saying "the pleasure principle"). In such journals, Mr. Cowley reminds us, two things are never described as being "alike." They are "homologous" or "isomorphic." Nor are things simply "different." They are "allotropic." In such journals writers never "divide anything." They "dichotomize" or "bifurcate" things.Words and Phrases1.plight n.a sad or unfortunate situatione.g. The plight of the disabled children moved her to tears.2.as often as not: quite frequently; at least half the timee.g. As often as not, he would go to the old woman's home and help her clean up the place.3.articulate adj. able to express thoughts and feelings clearly and effectivelye.g. She is among the few articulate children in the nursery.4.coveted adj. eagerly wished for or desirede.g. She won the coveted first prize at the speech contest, much to our surprise.5.decode v. change a coded message into intelligible languagee.g. Straight-A illiterates' writings are like coded messages difficult to decode.6.affliction n. 1) (in this context) trouble2) (literal meaning) sth. that causes pain or sufferinge.g. A feeling of isolation is his chief affliction.7.inexorably adv. inescapablye.g. New technology marches on inexorably.8.profundity n. profoundness; great depth of knowledge or thoughte.g. We didn't realize that the modest and unassuming man who talked to us a while ago was ascholar of great profundity.9.grapple with: try hard to deal with; solve a difficult probleme.g. As he will soon graduate from college, he is now grappling with the problem of whetherto find a job or to pursue further studies.10.monstrous adj. frightening, shockinge.g. How could he ever have told such a monstrous lie!11.homologous adj. 1) a biological term meaning "corresponding in structure and in origin, butnot necessarily in function"2) having the same or a similar relation12.allotropic adj.being of several forms of a chemical element in the same state but withdifferent physical or chemical properties13.dichotomize v. divide or separate into two parts14.bifurcate v. divide into two branchesNotes1.the current fuss and bother:the present-day worry and anxietyfuss— a show of unnecessary anger, anxiety, excitement, interest, etc.e.g. Don't make a fuss over that careless spelling mistake.Why did you make such a fuss about a small matter like that?2.to give him equal time with his widely publicized counterpart: to give as much attention ashas been paid to those illiterates like him, who are widely known to the publicpublicize— bring to public noticee.g. The scientist does not want to have his experiment publicized before it is completed.The new dictionary sold quite well even though it was not publicized.3.I am interrogating, I am cross-examining, I am prying and probing for the meaning of astudent's paper.: I am asking questions thoroughly, for a long time, and in detail; I am trying very hard to find out the meaning of a student's paper. Note how the author uses four different verbs to express the same idea forcefully.interrogate— question formally for a special purpose, esp. for a long time and sometimes with the use of threate.g. The police interrogated the suspect for hours on end.cross-examine— question sb. about the evidence he has already given in order to find out whether it is true or note.g. John was cross-examined on what he knew about the bribery scandal.pry and probe— ask questions inquisitively and try to uncover some informatione.g. It is objectionable to pry and probe into others' personal affairs.4."The choice of exogenous variables in relation to multi-colinearity is contingent upon thederivations of certain multiple correlation coefficients.": According to the author, this sentence is gibberish and its meaning is: "Supply determines demand." We can make out from the sentence that the subject "The choice ... multi-colinearity" corresponds to demand, the verb phrase "is contingent upon" means "is dependent on", and the noun phrase after upon "the derivations ... coefficients" corresponds to supply. We must guard against this kind of gibberish in our own writing.5.his brow furrowed: A more usual way of saying this is "he knitted his brows", or "hefrowned".6.Bright's disease: There is actually a disease by this name, but the term here has no relation tothat disease at all. Here, the term refers only to "straight-A illiteracy".7.the critical faculties: the natural mental power that makes sound judgment8.irregardless: Regardless is sometimes misspelt as irregardless, a double negative that isincorrect.9.providentially protected from college and graduate school: kept safe from college andgraduate school by divine interferenceThis is an example of irony. It is actually unfortunate for the ordinary illiterate to be kept out of institutions of higher learning.providentially—involving divine interference; fortunately. Providential is the adjective form of providence, a divine force.10."Them people down at the shop better stock up on what our customers need, or we ain'tgonna be in business long.": "Those people in the shop had better stock enough goods to meet the need of us customers; otherwise we are not going there to buy things any longer."This is an example of ungrammatical English used by the ordinary illiterate.11.Taking his cue from years of higher education: Following the examples or advice he hasbeen given for many years at collegetake one's cue from ... — follow the advice or example of ...e.g. Tom remained quiet at the discussion, and his sister took her cue from him.12."The focus of concentration ... to future commitments.": This is the straight-A illiterate'sversion of what an ordinary illiterate might say about stocking goods as shown in the preceding quotation. To put it in simple English, the sentence may read: "The shopkeeper must know what the customers need so that he can tell what they really want from what they don't want when getting new supplies of goods."an entrepreneurial filter to screen what is relevant from what is irrelevant— a commercial device to tell what is suitable from what is unsuitablefuture commitments— what the shopkeeper has to do in future, i.e. stocking goods13.the stuff: This word has a derogatory tone, referring here to "the gibberish".14.journals bulging with barbarous jargon: journals filled with outrageously unintelligible ormeaningless writingbulge with— be so full of sth. as to swell in sizee.g. His briefcase bulged with confidential documents.15. orientation toward improvement of the gratificational deprivation balance of the actor:make adjustment to improve the balance between satisfaction and dispossessionQuestions1.What is the purpose of Degnan's writing?Key: To find the cause of straight-A illiteracy.2.Why does Degnan say that a straight-A illiterate is more influential? (para. 1)Key: He is usually one who occupies a position at the top of the academic hierarchy; the way he writes is considered exemplary, and his judgment of what is appropriate is directive.3.Do you think Degnan's comparison of straight-A illiteracy to a disease is appropriate? Explain.(para. 3)Key: Yes. Like a disease, it victimizes healthy persons; it has its symptoms, and its agent.4.What rhetorical and linguistic devices does Degnan use in para. 2 to highlight the extremedifficulty in understanding Mr. Bright's paper?Key: Repetition of the same structure: "I am interrogating ... I am prying and probing ..." to emphasize the difficulty of the task; use of a periodical sentence: "Finally, with both of us ...we decode it."; use of cleft-sentence structure: "We decide what exactly it is that ...";italicizing the word "wants".5.Why does Degnan insert the word "allegorically" in "... whom I shall call, allegorically, Mr.Bright"? (para. 2)Key: The student given the name of Mr. Bright thus becomes a symbol.6.Make complete the elliptical sentence "Not our man. " in para. 3. What is its function?Key: "This is not what our man would say." This ellipsis contrasts the two types of illiteracy, and with it Degnan turns back from one type to the other.7.What does Degnan's choice of the word "stuff" (para. 4) reveal?Key: An attitude of contempt and disapproval.8.Try to explain why the following pairs of sentences are the same in meaning. (para. 2)a. The choice of exogenous variables in relation to multi-colinearity is contingent upon thederivations of certain multiple correlation coefficients.b. Supply determines demand.Key: As intended by the student, "The choice ... multi-colinearity" corresponds to "demand"while "... the derivations ... coefficients" corresponds to "supply". This is a very abstruse sentence to unravel.9.Reword the following sentences so that they are more easily understood. (para. 3)a.The focus of concentration must rest upon objectives centered around the knowledge ofcustomer areas so that a sophisticated awareness of those areas can serve as an entrepreneurial filter to screen what is relevant from what is irrelevant to future commitments.b.Them people down at the shop better stock up on what our customers need, or we ain'tgonna be in business long.Key: a. You must focus your attention on what your customers need so that you are able to tell what is necessary from what is unnecessary when you replenish your stock.b. The shop assistants had better have in stock what our customers need, or we won't bein business long.pare briefly the two types of illiteracy. Which type in your opinion presents a graverproblem to society?Key: Open to discussion.ActivityTry to collect some sentences from journal articles or M.A. theses, or Ph.D. dissertations in these fields and try to "translate" them into plain, more intelligible English through joint efforts, and then summarize the linguistic features of this type of academic English.Sentence patterns for your referenceIn ..., the author says ...In plain English, it means ...To summarize, ...Organization and DevelopmentCausal AnalysisTypes of Causal AnalysisThe basic method Degnan uses in this essay to accomplish his purpose is causal analysis, which is combined with definition and exemplification. There are two alternative ways to organize an essay developed by causal analysis, i.e. from the cause(s) to the effect(s), and from the effect(s) to the cause(s).Examples from the TextDegnan has followed the latter pattern.The effect is stated at the beginning of the essay, that is, the phenomenon of the so-called straight-A illiteracy, and the cause is made clear near the end of it, i.e. the text-books and professional journals the straight-A illiterate is forced to read during his years of education.Detailed AnalysisThe four paragraphs which constitute the essay are closely connected.In the first paragraph what Degnan does is to define the term straight-A illiteracy, which is highly necessary as it is a phenomenon little thought-of by the general public, and besides, the term itself is apparently paradoxical.Although there seem to be no obvious cohesive ties between the first and the second paragraphs, they are closely connected in the sense that in the second paragraph Degnan uses his personal experience as an example to illustrate the definition he has given in the first paragraph.If we take what he has narrated in the second paragraph as a specific instance of straight-A illiteracy, the third paragraph is a generalization of the phenomenon.The cause stated in the concluding paragraph is suggested in the sentence "Taking his cue from years of higher education, years of reading the textbooks and professional journals that are major sources of his affliction ..." in the third paragraph.III. Text IIText StudyTextThe Qualities of Good WritingJacqueline Berke1 Even before you set out, you come prepared by instinct and intuition to make certain judgments about what is "good." Take the following familiar sentence, for example: "I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty or give me death." Do you suppose this thought of Patrick Henry's would have come ringing down through the centuries if he had expressed this sentiment not in one tight, rhythmical sentence but as follows:It would be difficult, if not impossible, to predict on the basis of my limited information as to the predilections of the public, what the citizenry at large will regard as action commensurate with the present provocation, but after arduous consideration I personally feel so intensely and irrevocably committed to the position of social, political, and economic independence, that rather than submit to foreign and despotic control which is anathema to me, I will make the ultimate sacrifice of which humanity is capable —under the aegis of personal honor, ideological conviction, and existential commitment, I will sacrifice my own mortal existence.2 How does this rambling, "high-flown" paraphrase measure up to the bold "Give me liberty or give me death"? Who will deny that something is "happening" in Patrick Henry's rousing challenge that not only fails to happen in the paraphrase but is actually negated there? Would you bear with this long-winded, pompous speaker to the end? If you were to judge this statement strictly on its rhetoric (its choice and arrangement of words), you might aptly call it more boring than brave. Perhaps a plainer version will work better: Liberty is a very important thing for a person to have. Most people — at least the people I've talked to or that other people have told me about — know this and therefore are very anxious to preserve their liberty. Of course I can't be absolutely sure about what other folks are going to do in this present crisis, what with all these threats and everything, but I've made up my mind that I'm going to fight because liberty is really a very important thing to me; at least that's the way I feel about it.3 This flat, "homely" prose, weighted down with what Flaubert called "fatty deposits" is grammatical enough. As in the pompous paraphrase, every verb agrees with its subject, every comma is in its proper place; nonetheless it lacks the qualities that make a statement — of one sentence or one hundred pages —pungent, vital, moving, memorable.4 Let us isolate these qualities and describe them briefly. ... The first quality of good writing is economy. In an appropriately slender volume entitled The Elements of Style, authors William Strunk and E.B. White stated concisely the case for economy: "A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that the writer make all his sentences short or that he avoid all detail ... but that every word tell." In other words, economical writing is efficient and aesthetically satisfying. While it makes a minimum demand on the energy and patience of readers, it returns to them a maximum of sharply compressed meaning. You should accept this as your basic responsibility as a writer: that you inflict no unnecessary words on your readers — just as a dentist inflicts no unnecessary pain, a lawyer no unnecessary risk. Economical writing avoids strain and at the same time promotes。
straight_A_illiteracy__全A_文盲[1] 翻译
![straight_A_illiteracy__全A_文盲[1] 翻译](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0d1efe16a6c30c2259019e1d.png)
全A 文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
straight的中文翻译
\“straight\”的中文翻译是什么？
"Straight" 的中文翻译是 "直"。
这个词可以用来表示直的、笔直的、直接
的等含义。
例如，在描述一条直线时，我们可以说 "a straight line"，译为 "一条直线"。
这指的是没有弯曲或拐弯的线段。
"Straight" 还可以表示一个人的性取向，即指异性恋。
在这种情况下，我
们可以用 "straight" 来形容一个人是 "直的"，即对异性有吸引力。
另外，"straight" 还可以用来描述某人的性格或态度，意为 "坦率的" 或 "
直率的"。
比如，"He's always straight with me" 可以译为 "他对我总是很
坦率"，表示他对你说话很直接、真诚。
此外，"straight" 还有其他一些特定用法，比如 "straight edge" 指的是不
吸烟、不喝酒、不吸毒的生活方式。
而在游戏中，"straight" 也可以指一
手牌中的五张连续的牌。
总的来说，"straight" 这个词在中文中可以有多种含义，具体的意思要根
据上下文来确定。
unit5 Straight-A Illiteracy
• 5.coveted: (adj.) eagerly wished for or desired. • Eg: she won the coveted first prize at the speech contest, much to our surprise. • covet v. have a very strong desire to have sth that someone else has 垂涎，觊觎
• straight-A student: He/She is a student who gets As for all the courses he/she takes. • illiteracy: someone who has not learned to read or write.
• Library Work • 1. 1) An allegory is a form of imaginative literature constructed in such a way that their readers are encourage to look for meanings hidden beneath the literal surface of the fiction. • 2) An allegory is a narrative in which the characters, events, and setting represent deeper truths or generalizations than those suggested by the surface story. • 3) An allegory is a broad term covering any piece of writing or image which has meanings additional to the literal sense.
illiterate是什么意思翻译illiterate的意思
illiterate是什么意思翻译illiterate的意思
英音 [i'litərit] ;,美音 [i'litərit] ;,可数名词：文盲
adj. 目不识丁的，没受教育的,副词 illiterately,名称 illiterateness,这两个形容词均可表示“无知的”之意。
ignorant指一般的无知或指不知道某个具体的事。
illiterate指不识字的人或没有文化的人。
,a person unable to read,not able to read or write,uneducated in the fundamentals of a given art or branch of learning; lacking knowledge of a specific field,lacking culture, especially in language and literature,illiterate person phr. 文盲,functionally illiterate phr. 缺乏生活工作常识,class for illiterate 初学班，扫盲班,illiterate population 未受教育的人口,functional illiterate 职业上的文盲(指读写能力不能满足职业和形势的要求),illiterate n.[C] 文盲adj. 目不识丁的，没受教育的。
straightA illiteracy全A 文盲
全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
unit 10 Straight-A Illiteracy
excitement, or anxiety, etc.不必要的关注，激动，焦虑等 常用短语 1)make a fuss（about sth）制造麻烦 eg. They want quiet wedding without making any fuss.
2)make a fuss of sb: to pay a lot of attention to sb.关注 eg. They like to be flattered and made a fuss of. 3)fuss over sth/sb: to pay too much attention or worry about them too much.过于担心 eg. She was inclined to fuss over her health.
3.overpopulate: to have too large a population;
本文中指数目十分巨大
4. In an attempt to do sth
表示意图和动机 eg. In an attempt to familiarize myself with the campus, I suggested that we should go out for a walk. Attempt和动词不定式搭配或者介词at使用 eg. All attempts to control inflation have failed.
5.allegorically: figuratively 6.gibberish: talk or writing containing many obscure, pretentious, or technical words; meaningless or unintelligible talk and writing. 7.providentially:fortunately, luckily. 8.inexorably:inescapably. 9.profundity:profound or deep matters. 10.grapple with: try to deal with.
高级英语第六版unit-5-straight-A-illiteracy
publicized counterpart the ordinary illiterate who are
widely known to the public
P2
Questions: 1. Is it appropriate to compare straight-A illiteracy to a disease? 2. Can you find any special sentence structures in P2? Why does
Unit 5 Text 1
Straight-A Illiteracy
James P. Degnan
Plain English
team work
A game: running dictation
Rules:
1. one student at a time memorize one sentence (no paper or pen)
2. tell other students the sentence and another student write it down
3. try to get it as accurate as possible
Plain English
Plain English is a term for communication in English that emphasizes clarity, brevity, and the avoidance of technical language. The goal is to write in a way that is easily understood by the readers: clear and straightforward, appropriate to their reading skills and knowledge.
straightAilliteracy全A文盲翻译
s t r a i g h t A i l l i t e r a c y全A文盲翻译Last revision date: 13 December 2020.全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
李观仪新编英语教程第六册unit 10 straight-A illiteracy
4) Learn How To Read - The secret of good reading is to be "an active reader..." 5) Schedule Your Time - If you want "A's", you make sure you hit the deadline. Procrastination is not the student's best friend. 6) Take Good Notes - And Use Them. Reading the textbook is important but the teacher is going to test you on what he or she emphasized. That's what you find in your notes. 7) Clean Up Your Act - Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. The student who turns in neat papers is already on the way to an A. No matter how good it really is, you can't believe it tastes good if it's presented on a messy plate.
6
பைடு நூலகம்
The issue of illiteracy (widely publicized)
“Figures of 1998 show that 20% of the world population is illiterate ‖ from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ―Since 1983, more than 10 million Americans have reached the 12th grade without being able to read at a basic level. Over 20 million have reached their senior year unable to do basic math. Almost 25 million have reached 12th grade without knowing the essentials of U.S. history.‖
straightA_illiteracy__全A_文盲翻译
全A文盲1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
高级英语教学大纲
《高级英语》教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程名称：高级英语课程类别：（1）课程模块：专业核心（2）课程属性：必修。
学分/学时：总160学时（10学分），其中理论学时：156 实践学时：4适用对象：英语专业开课单位/教研室：外语系二、课程设置目的与教学目标1、课程设置目的：高级英语是英语语言文学专业高年级阶段的一门理论与实践相结合的专业必修课，课程对象为英语专业三、四年级学生。
本课程旨在通过听说读写译五项技能的综合训练，提高学生的听力水平，阅读理解能力、语法修辞、写作能力和即席发言、连贯表达乃至辩论能力。
课程通过阅读和分析内容广泛的材料，提高学生的阅读速度和词义辨析能力，扩大学生知识面，加深学生对社会和人生的理解，培养学生对语篇的分析和鉴赏能力、逻辑思维与独立思考能力，巩固和提高学生的英语语言技能，尤其是语言应用能力。
2、教学目标：通过高级英语课教学，学生应达到高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会修订的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》所规定的要求：认知词汇达10000以上，能正确而熟练地使用其中5000多个单词及其最常用的搭配；能熟练掌握句子之间和段落之间的各种衔接手段，连贯地表达思想；能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的文章、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品，能分析文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法等。
高级英语课程教学的重点在于提高学生阅读理解和词汇运用能力，即能掌握和使用所学词汇，特别是同义词、近义词的区分和使用；正确理解文章的内容和主题思想，抓住文章的要点，分析文章的结构、语言技巧和修辞特点；提高学生的语言表达能力，能用英语解释文章中的难句、要点；提高学生逻辑思维和判断评述能力，能用英语归纳文章的主题思想，并能对文章的内容进行简单的分析、评论。
三、教学内容及要求四、教学基本要求《高级英语》课程是《基础英语》课程的延续，对学生的听、说、读、写、译等技能提出更高的培养要求。
本课程不同于《基础英语》的是它更注重阅读和写作技能的训练，更强调加强学生的创造力，要求学生从有控制的联系过渡到自然的交际。
文盲的英语单词
文盲的英语单词文盲的第一类是不能读书识字的人，即传统意义上的老文盲;第二类，不能识别现代社会符号的人;第三类，不能使用计算机进行学习、交流和管理的人。
后两类被认为是功能型的文盲，他们虽然受过教育，但在现代科技常识方面，却往往如“文盲”般贫乏。
那么你知道文盲的英语单词是什么吗?下面来学习一下吧。
文盲英语单词1：illiteracy文盲英语单词2：analphabetic文盲英语单词3：unschooled文盲的英语例句：文盲，生活中的严重障碍Illiteracy, a serious handicap in life.在一些发展中国家，文盲是个大问题。
Illiteracy is a major problem in some developing countries.这里只有百分之十的居民是文盲。
Only ten percent of the populationhere is illiterate.我们村已经消灭了文盲。
Illiteracy has been wiped out in our village.在我国还有许多文盲。
There are still many illiterate people in our country.从读报中了解文盲情况正在好转,这是令人鼓舞的。
It is encouraging to read that illiteracy is declining.文盲，生活中的严重障碍。
Blindness is a great handicap.大约一半人口仍是文盲。
About half the population is still illiterate.这将有助于消除文盲和疾病，但也会扰乱传统的生活方式。
It would help to end illiteracy and disease, but it would also dislocate a traditional way of life.2010年的海地大地震夺去了25万多人的性命，而现在，夏普需要说服连银行账户都没有的海地人民(其中有很多人还是文盲)去迎接一个崭新的数码时代，接受他的公司所提供的移动金融服务，而且这种服务甚至比北美和欧洲的同类服务还要更复杂、更先进。
illiterate翻译
"illiterate" 在中文中可以翻译为"文盲"、"不识字的" 或"无文化的"。
这个词形容一个人缺乏基本的读写能力或教育背景。
"illiterate" 还可以用作名词，指代一个文盲或不识字的人。
以下是一些示例句子：
She is illiterate and cannot read or write.（她是个文盲，不识字也不会写字。
）
Illiteracy is a significant issue in many developing countries.（文盲问题在许多发展中国家是一个重要的问题。
）
The government is working to reduce illiteracy rates through educational programs.（政府正在通过教育计划来降低文盲率。
）
He grew up in a rural village where illiteracy was common.（他在一个文盲普遍的农村村庄长大。
）。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
全A 文盲
1尽管我们学校为数众多的普通文盲目前得到极大的关注，但是，我们却忽略了另一类文盲，这类文盲的困境，在从很多方面来讲，更加事关重大，因为他们更具有影响力。
这类文盲通常是一位大学的校长，但他也是位典型的博士、成功的教授和教科书作者。
我把这个人称为全A文盲，蔚蓝给予全A文盲和普通文盲一样的关注，才有了下文。
2以下的场景是我的办公室，我正在工作，做着协助治疗全A文盲（多年来我一直这样称呼这种病症）所必须做的事。
我对一篇学生论文进行询问。
查证，深入探求他的含义。
这是位平均成绩全A的大四学生，聪明绝顶、口齿伶俐，刚获得一所全国重点研究生院提供的令人羡慕的奖学金。
他和我一直在一句一句地、一字一字地分析这论文，已经进行了一个小时。
“有关多种共线外因变量的选择”，我默念着他的论文，“视某些多种相互关联的共同作用系数的衍生情况而定”。
我停下来喘了口气。
“那么看看这句话，”我询问这个学生（我讽喻寓言式地称呼他为聪明先生），“这句话，聪明先生，究竟是什么意思啊？”聪明先生锁眉苦思。
最终，结合了我们的语言学知识和想象力，又用了好像一个小时似的，终于破译了这句话。
我们搞清楚了聪明先生究竟试图表达的是什么，他真正想说的是什么，那就是：“供给决定需求”。
3在过去的大约十年间，我认识了许多像他这样的学生，许多大四学生都患上了这种聪明病。
侵袭了最优秀的心灵，逐渐摧毁批判的能力，使得他们丧失了发现自己或别人文章中那些莫名其妙、毫无意义的话的本领。
在高等教育期间，这种病更加恶化，特别是一般在受害者拿到博士学位的时候，进入晚期、显然，聪明病的受害者不是普通的文盲病。
他提交的论文里从来不会有拼写错误或标点错误；他从不使用双重否定或“irregardless”这样的词语（译者按：无论在标准或非标准变化体中都没有这个词真正的前身。
该词可能把
“irrespective”和“regardless”合在一起生造出来的。
也许这就是为什么批评者们有时候坚持认为“没有irregardless”这么个词的原因）。
然而，他却是一个糟糕的文盲：他不能简洁、准确、清楚地在写作中表达出自己的意思。
普通文盲——或许幸运地免遭大学和研究院的毒害——会说：“商店要储存多一点我们的顾客所需要的货品，否则我们的买卖就做不长久”。
（Them people down at the shop better stock up on what our customers need,or we ain't gonna be in business long.）这算不上人类的语言，我们的全A文盲不会这么说。
他接受过许多年地高等教育，读了许多年折磨他的教科书和专业期刊杂志，学着它们的样，他会这样写道：“注意力的焦点，应该放在以顾客方面信息为中心的客观性目标上，从而对这些方面的深刻认识能够成为一种企业家的过滤器，把与未来买卖承诺相关的信息从不相关的信息里筛选出来。
”因为写下这种晦涩的东西，他的论文获得了全A（上面两个例子都摘自全A的论文），他赢得了深造的机会，不可阻挡地，向奖学金和最终的博士头衔迈进。
4 正如我所暗示的那样，造成这种文盲的主要原因是那些全A文盲在高等教育期间几年里被迫阅读的东西——教科书和专业期刊。
因为读了这些东西，并被教导把它们当成深奥的东西来崇敬，他学会了写些令人费解的东西。
如果他的专业是社会学，他必须努力吃透《美国社会观察周刊》这类充满了低劣无味行话的杂志，例如：“自我综合行为倾向”和“以改善行动者的满意丧失平衡为定位”（第二个可怕的引语出自马尔科姆。
考利，这是社会科学家表达“享乐主义”的含义的方式。
）考利先生提醒我们，在这类杂志期刊中，万万不可说两件事物是“相同的”，它们应是“同源的”或是“同形的”。
也不能简单地说两件事物是“不同的”。
它们而应是“同素异形的”。
在这类杂志期刊中，作者从不“分开任何东西”，他们说“二等分”或者“分叉”某事物。