2020年高考英语虚拟语气语法讲解
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
高考英语考点归纳(四)—虚拟语气
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望,假设,猜测或建议,而不是表示客观存在的事实。
高考考查虚拟语气主要和情态动词相结合。
1(1be动词的过去式用were”。
如:►. If I were a boy, I would join the army.►(2则用过去分词”►(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如:►. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在)►. Were I a boy, I would join the army.►. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.►. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(①。
表示不能实现的愿望,译为“要是……就好了”等。
表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。
如:►. I wish it were spring all the year round.►. I wish I had known the answer.►suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist, request,should + 动词原形或是动词原形。
如:►. She suggested we (should) leave here at once.►(2作表示建议、等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用“(should)+ 动词原形”。
如:►. His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.►(3“should + 动词原形”►. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.►. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.►. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意:这种从句表示的是事实。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题13:虚拟语气
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析13虚拟语气虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设。
高考对虚拟语气的考查主要在于条件句、含蓄条件句、名词性从句和其他一些从句中。
考生应当熟悉使用虚拟语气的各种情况,并牢记不同情况下虚拟语气的动词形式。
考点一用于条件句虚拟条件句可表示与现在、过去或将来事实相反,从句和主句谓语动词根据不同的时间,用不同的形式。
1. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. (2018北京)A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】由语境可知,主、从句都表示与过去事实相反,故从句用过去完成时。
2. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.(2017北京)A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】由语境可知,主、从句都表示与过去事实相反,故从句用过去完成时。
3. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped. (2016北京)A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B【解析】由last week可知,主、从句都表示与过去事实相反,故从句用过去完成时。
4. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ________.(2016天津)A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured【答案】D【解析】主、从句都表示与过去事实相反,故主句用would have done。
高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解
虚拟语气(1)——倒推时态类定义:虚拟语气是一种动词形式,有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(非真实条件状从和让步状从)2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议(名词性从句:主宾表同)使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿(与事实相反或不太可能实现)(如果我是宇航员,我要在月球上跳舞)2.用来缓和语气,使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体(如果你能接受我的邀请,我将不胜感激)3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪(你要是能考上大学,全家都烧高香了)4.表示适度的责备或批评(如果你那时更耐心点,现在我们都成功了)5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福(祝你成功)1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)定义:条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议,现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话,我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话,你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,并将were,should,had提前于句首,变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句,not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义:有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句,而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类:1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ;without;Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助,我们不可能完成任务。
高中英语高考语法知识整理复习(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句:主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+ had + done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她(事实:去晚了)。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:不可能来)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就去滑冰。
高考虚拟语气用法归纳
高考虚拟语气用法归纳咱先来说说这虚拟语气啊,对于要高考的同学们来说,那可真是个有点头疼但又特别重要的知识点。
虚拟语气这玩意儿,简单来说,就是假设一些不太真实或者没发生的情况。
比如说,“要是我当时好好学习,现在就不会这么发愁了”,这就是一种虚拟语气的表达。
咱们先瞅瞅条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。
要是与现在事实相反,从句就得用“if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were)”,主句呢,就得用“主语+ would/could/should/might +动词原形”。
就像有个同学跟我抱怨,说:“老师,要是我现在有超能力,一下子就能记住所有单词,那英语考试就不愁啦!”这就是假设了一个现在不可能有的情况。
再说说与过去事实相反的情况。
从句得是“if +主语+ had +过去分词”,主句就得变成“主语+ would/could/should/might + have +过去分词”。
我记得有一次,一个同学考完试后懊悔地说:“哎呀,要是我考试前多做几道数学题,这次就不会错那么多了!”这就是在后悔过去没做的事儿。
还有和将来事实相反的,从句可以是“if +主语+ were to +动词原形;if +主语+ should +动词原形”,主句依然是“主语+would/could/should/might +动词原形”。
想象一下,有同学说:“要是明天世界末日,今天我就啥也不学,尽情玩!”虽然这事儿不太可能,但就是这种假设的虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在宾语从句里也有讲究。
比如说,wish 后的宾语从句,与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时;与将来事实相反用 would/could +动词原形。
我曾经听到一个同学许愿说:“真希望我现在是个学霸,啥题都会做!”这就是典型的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气表达。
还有在主语从句中,“It is +形容词(或过去分词)+that”结构中,如果形容词或过去分词表示“建议、要求、命令”等,从句的谓语动词要用“should +动词原形”,should 可以省略。
英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳
英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。
虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。
以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。
例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。
)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。
- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。
)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。
例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。
)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。
)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。
例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。
)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。
高考语法虚拟语气
高考语法虚拟语气虚拟语气在高考语法考试中占据很重要的位置。
虚拟语气是用来表示非真实的、不确定的、假设的情况,或表达愿望、建议、命令等的语气。
下面我将详细介绍虚拟语气的各种形式及其用法。
一、虚拟语气的情态动词虚拟语气通常由情态动词来表示,包括:1. should + 动词原形,可以表示建议或命令。
2. would + 动词原形,可以表示请求或愿望。
3. could + 动词原形,可以表示能力、请求或愿望。
4. might + 动词原形,可以表示可能性。
5. had + 过去分词,可以表示对过去情况的假设。
6. were + 动词原形,多用于第二和第三人称单数的句子中,表示假设或愿望。
二、虚拟语气的用法1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常用在表示条件的从句中,表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设情况。
主句中常使用情态动词或“would”来表示假设的结果。
例句1:If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.(假设的情况是我是一只鸟,结果是我会在天空中飞翔。
)例句2:If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.(假设的情况是你学习更努力了,结果是你已经通过考试了。
)2. 虚拟语气用于表达命令、建议、要求、要求等虚拟语气还常用于表达命令、建议、要求等。
在这种情况下,常用“should + 动词原形”或“would + 动词原形”。
例句3:You should help your parents with the housework.(你应该帮助你的父母做家务。
)例句4:I wish you would listen to me.(我希望你能听我说。
)3. 虚拟语气用于表达愿望虚拟语气还常用于表达愿望,其中“would”是常见的情态动词。
例句5:I wish I could play the piano.(我希望我能弹钢琴。
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么在高考英语中,虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点,也是让许多同学感到头疼的部分。
虚拟语气用于表达与事实相反、假设、愿望、建议等情况,它的用法多样,且有不少需要注意的地方。
接下来,咱们就详细地探讨一下高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1、与现在事实相反条件从句用一般过去时(be 动词用 were),主句用“would / could / should / might +动词原形”。
例如:If I were you, I would take the job (如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。
)2、与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时,主句用“would / could / should / might + have +过去分词”。
比如:If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam (如果你学习更努力些,你就会通过考试了。
)3、与将来事实相反条件从句有三种形式:① should +动词原形;② were to +动词原形;③一般过去时。
主句用“wou ld / could / should / might +动词原形”。
举个例子:If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home (要是明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
)二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1、 wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反,用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;表示与将来事实相反,用“would / could +动词原形”。
例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望我和你一样高。
)2、表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词后的宾语从句这类动词有suggest(建议)、advise(建议)、insist(坚持要求)、order(命令)、demand(要求)等,从句谓语用“should +动词原形”,should 可以省略。
2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧八 强调倒装虚拟语气句型和丰富细节的手段附答案
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧专题(八)强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式,其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。
而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。
它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平,提高写作档次。
一.重点突出的强调句型(一)强调句的基本句式结构为:It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。
它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。
在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达,更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。
It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达)在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤:1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分,如主语、宾语、状语等;2.根据句子的时态确定is或was;3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里,It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。
例:We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness.如果我们要强调状语,即with sincerity and faithfulness,在确定好时态was后,把需要强调的部分放在it was后,that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到:It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.(二)强调句常用句式1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面表达)It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达)2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects?3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分It wasn’t until he went through real hardship that he realized the love for a family counts.5.注意:强调谓语动词时,可以用助动词do/does/didWe did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future. (2015年北京高考)二.平衡句子的倒装句型英语书面表达中的倒装举行主要包括部分倒装和全倒装。
2020高考英语语法专题汇总:虚拟语气(附例题)
虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等,而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
和小简老师一起来学习一下~1虚拟语气谓语动词的几种表现形式1. 用在虚拟条件句中虚拟条件句及其主句的谓语形式可归纳如下:例1:I would certainly go if I had the time.例2:How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer.例3:She would have come if we had invited her.注:如果条件从句中包含有were, had, should或could,有时可把if省略掉,但这时要把were, had, should 或could放在主语前面(这种结构在口语中较少使用)。
例如:1)Had we made adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.Had we made = If we had made2)Were there no gravity, there would be no air around us.3)Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.2. 用在含蓄条件句中句子中,假设的情况不用条件从句表示出来,而是用一个介词短语来表示,句子的谓语形式也可遵循上表的规则。
这种用法也常见于or, or else, otherwise和but后面的分句中。
例如:1)Without music, the world would be a dull place.2)But for your help, we would have failed.3)She would have gone with us, but she didn’t have time.4)He must have had an accident, or he would have been here then.3.用在错综时间条件句中有时候,条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时,谓语动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整,这种句子可称作错综时间条件句。
高考英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.和现在的事实相反从句:一般过去时(were/did);主句:过去将来时(would do)E.g.:I am not free today. If I ______free today, I _____ (go)and visit some of my friends.2.和过去的事实相反从句:过去完成时(had done);主句:过去完成时(would have done)E.g.:If my lawyer ___________(come)here last Saturday, he __________(keep) me from going.3.和将来的事实相反从句:①were to + 动词原形②should +动词原形③动词过去式;主句should/would/could/might +动词原形E.g.:If I were to see Tom, what _______ you ________ (ask)me to tell him?二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示与事实相反的愿望。
其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。
例如:1)与现在事实相反: wish + (that)+ did(were)E.g.:I wish I were as healthy as you.E.g.:I wish that I had a plane.2)与过去事实相反: wish + (that)+ had doneE.g.:I wish I had been to the concert last night.E.g.:I wish you had written to him.3)与将来事实相反: wish + would/could/might + doE.g.:I wish he would forgive me.2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。
2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题18-虚拟语气(含答案)
专题十八虚拟语气重难点分析虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目,高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点,考生应予以重视。
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不是表示客观存在的事实。
此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表类别用法例句if引导的条件状语从句与现在事实相反从句动词:过去式(be多用were,但在口语中,如果主语是第一/三人称,be动词可用was);主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形If he were here, he would help us.如果他在这,他会帮我们的。
与过去事实相反从句动词:had+过去分词;主句动词:should/would/could/might + have+过去分词If I had been free, I would havevisited you. 如果我那时有空,我就会去拜访你了。
与将来事实相反从句动词:过去式/ should+动词原形/ were+不定式;主句动词:should/would/could/might +动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldnot go camping. 如果明天下雨,我们就不去露营了。
其他状语从句as if/though引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式They are talking was if they were/had been friends for years. 他们交谈着,好像是多年的老朋友。
even if/though引导的从句,与现在/将来事实相反时,从句动词用过去式,主句动词用should/would+动词原形;与过去事实相反时,从句动词用had+过去分词,主句动词用should/would+ have+过去分词Even if we failed, we wouldn’t losecourage. 即使我们失败了,我们也不会失去勇气。
高考虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气是指在表达虚拟情况或假设的时候所使用的语气,与实际情况不符合。
下面是对高考虚拟语气的解释和用法:
在高考英语中,虚拟语气常常出现在条件句中,表示与事实相反的假设或不可能实现的愿望。
虚拟语气通常由动词的过去式(一般过去式、过去完成时)或“would”引导。
虚拟语气的用法主要有以下几种情况:
1. 虚拟条件句(If 条件句):
如果现在条件与事实相反,用虚拟语气表示。
例子:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会
更加努力学习。
)
在这个例句中,使用了虚拟语气“were”表示与现实相反的假设
情况。
2. 虚拟愿望句:
表示与现在事实相反的愿望,用虚拟语气表示。
例子:I wish I had studied harder for the exam.(我希望我当时
能更努力地学习考试。
)
这句话中使用了虚拟语气“had studied”表示与现实相反的假设
情况。
3. 虚拟建议句:
表示与现在事实相反的建议,用虚拟语气表示。
例子:I suggest that she go to the library to study.(我建议她去
图书馆学习。
)
这个例句中使用了虚拟语气“go”表示与现实相反的建议情况。
总之,高考虚拟语气在英语考试中常常出现,需要我们掌握相关的用法和规则,并能正确运用。
只有熟练掌握虚拟语气的使用方法,才能在高考中取得更好的成绩。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 虚拟语气在名词性从句中
虚拟语气在名词性从句中(要点精讲)虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望,怀疑或推测。
虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句中。
一、用于主语从句中1.It is + adj. + that从句当it作形式主语,当描述主语的形容词是advisable,critical,crucial,desirable,essential,imperative,important,incredible,inevitable,necessary,strange,urgent等时,后面的主语从句中多用虚拟语气,即用should+动词原形,should常省略。
It is essential that this mission not fail. 这项任务不失败至关重要。
It was necessary that some immediate effort be made. 做出一些立即的努力是必要的。
It is necessary that the customs of all national minorities be respected. 尊重少数民族的各种风俗习惯是十分必要的。
It is not surprising that Alfred should have married Amy. Alfred和Amy已经结婚毫不奇怪。
It is strange that he should have learned so much in such a short time. 很奇怪他竟然在如此短的时间内学了那么多的东西。
2.It is + V-ed + that从句在这种句型中,动词通常为order,command,suggest,advise,request,require,demand 等,后面的主语从句多用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should常省略。
英语的虚拟语气知识点讲解
英语的虚拟语气知识点讲解一、虚拟语气的概念。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、推测或与事实相反的情况等。
二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。
1. 与现在事实相反。
- 条件从句的谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词一般用were),主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might + 动词原形”。
- 例如:If I were you, I would take an umbrella.(实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反。
- 条件从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might+have +过去分词”。
- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(实际上他没听我的建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反。
- 条件从句的谓语动词有三种形式:一般过去式、“should+动词原形”、“were to+动词原形”,主句的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might +动词原形”。
- 例如:If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, we would not go out.三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
1. wish后的宾语从句。
- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词用were)。
例如:I wish I were a bird.(实际上我不是鸟)- 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。
例如:Iwish I had seen the film yesterday.(实际上昨天没看这部电影)- 表示与将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
例如:I wish I could fly to the moon tomorrow.2. 在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的动词后的宾语从句中(如suggest, advise, demand, require, order等)- 从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
高考英语语法——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、定义:虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反,或不可能发生的情况。
1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1)表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生:一般过去时(虚拟语气中be→were)Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2)表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If I had time last night, I should have come to see you.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3)表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4)※注意:虚拟语气的倒装语序:如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If I had time, I would have done that yesterday.=Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。
2020年高考英语词汇语法专题18:虚拟语气易错点解题方法附解析
专题18 虚拟语气易错点解题方法虚拟语气,作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象,一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。
但对于中国学生来说,它又是一个难点。
无怪乎许多学生学完虚拟语气后,常常会叹道:If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would be【答案】D.【解析】答案D.与说话时事实相反的假设。
所以,只要掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式这类试题也就不难了。
(1)条件从句+主句(2)几个常用虚拟语气的句型(3)wish, as if 及if only 的虚拟形式(4)It is time that 的虚拟形式◆典型陷阱题分析◆1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.A. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing【答案】B.【解析】答案几个干扰项均有可能误选。
正确答案选B。
根据上文的语境可知句中的or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件,即or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article。
(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了)。
2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”A. He’d better give up drinkingB. He shouldn’t have drunk so muchC. Health is more important than drinkD. I wonder why he is always doing so【答案】D.【解析】答案D.几个干扰项均有可能误选,主要是受句中drunk 一词的影响。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2020年高考英语虚拟语气语法讲解语法讲解:虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类 l. 语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2. 语气的种类(1)陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如:we are not ready. 我们没准备好。
what a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气:表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如:open the door, please.请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: if i were you, i should study english. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。
may you succeed!祝您成功!二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: if it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: if he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:从句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were) would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式,should + 动词原形,were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形注:主句中的should只用于i、we,但在美国英语中,should常被would代替;从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
l. 表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if you had taken my advice,you wouldn't (couldn't) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3. 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。
如:if it were sunday tomorrow, i should (would,could, might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。
if it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。
4. 有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
例如: if you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)32020-03-13语法讲解:虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类 l. 语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2. 语气的种类(1)陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如:we are not ready. 我们没准备好。
what a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气:表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如:open the door, please.请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: if i were you, i should study english. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。
may you succeed!祝您成功!二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: if it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: if he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:从句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were) would/ should/ could/ might+ 动词原形与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式,should + 动词原形,were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形注:主句中的should只用于i、we,但在美国英语中,should常被would代替;从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
l. 表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if you had taken my advice,you wouldn't (couldn't) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3. 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。
如:if it were sunday tomorrow, i should (would,could, might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。
if it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。
4. 有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
例如: if you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)32020-03-13语法讲解:虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类 l. 语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2. 语气的种类(1)陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如:we are not ready. 我们没准备好。
what a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气:表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如:open the door, please.请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: if i were you, i should study english. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。
may you succeed!祝您成功!二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: if it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: if he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:从句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were) would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式,should + 动词原形,were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形注:主句中的should只用于i、we,但在美国英语中,should常被would代替;从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
l. 表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
如:if you had taken my advice,you wouldn't (couldn't) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
3. 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。
如:if it were sunday tomorrow, i should (would,could, might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。