《专业英语翻译基础知识.》共25页文档

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综合翻译第一、理解英语原文,拆分语法结构由于英语语言具有“形合”的特点,也就是说,英语句子无论多么复杂,都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来的“像葡萄藤一样”的结构。

如果搞不清楚句子的语法结构,考生是很难做出正确的翻译的。

因此在翻译句子之前,必须先通读全句,一边读一边拆分句子的语法结构,这是正式动笔翻译之前的一项重要准备工作。

怎么拆分呢具体来讲,考生可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分,进而更加有效地理解英语原文。

1.基本原则:把主句和从句拆分出来,把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。

2.连词:如and, or, but, yet, for等并列连词连接着并列句;还有连接状语从句的连接词,如:when, as, since, until, before, after, where, because, since, thought, although, so that, ......等等;它们是考生要寻找的第一大拆分点。

3.关系词:如连接名词性从句的who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever等关系代词和when, where, how, why等关系副词;还有连接定语从句的关系代词,如who, which, that, whom, whose等等;它们是第二大拆分点。

4.标点符号:标点符号常常断开句子的主干和修饰部分,也是一个明显的拆分点。

5. 除此之外,介词on, in, with, at, of, to等引导的介词短语,不定式符号to,分词结构也可以作为拆分点。

例如:Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(35词,2023年62题)拆分本句的信号词有:which, in, that。

专业英语完整版

专业英语完整版

一、词汇1. 英译中1、engine 发动机2、 piston 活塞3、crankshaft 曲轴4、clutch 离合器5、chassis 底盘6、 automobile 汽车7、body 车身 8、 light vehicle 轻型车9、heavy commercial vehicle 重型商务车 10、 truck deck 行李箱盖11、hood (发动机)罩 12、 power unit 动力装置 13、compression stroke压缩行程 14、transmission 变速器 15、camshaft传输凸轮轴16、propeller shaft 传动轴17、power train传动系18、carburetor 化油器 19、 washer 垫圈 20、steering system 转向系统21、suspension system 悬架系统22、braking system 刹车系统 23、torque converter 变矩器24、timing gear 正时齿轮 25、 final drive 主减速器,后桥 26、differential差速器 27、 internal combustion engine 内燃机28、electrical equipment 电气设备29、drive shaft 传动轴30、brake shoe 制动蹄 31、 flywheel 飞轮 32、 steering column 转向柱 33、 leaf spring 钢板弹簧 34、 coil spring 螺旋簧35、water jacket 水套 36、air bag 气囊 37、oxygen sensor 氧气传感器38、overhead-camshaft 顶置凸轮轴 39、 multiplex bus 多路传输总线40、throttle valve 节气门41、exhaust pipe 排气管42、torsion bar 扭杆43、differential gear 差动齿轮44、distributor 分电器 45、toe-in 轮胎前束 46、sun gear太阳轮47、planetary gear 行星齿轮48、regulator调节器 49、axle shaft 半轴50、valve timing 气门正时51、front suspension 前悬架52、intake valve 进气门 53、kinetic energy 动能 54、retarding braking 缓速移动55、 connecting rod 连杆 56、engine block发动机缸体57、gasoline engine 汽油机58、drum brake 鼓式制动器59、service braking 行车制动60、combustion chamber 燃烧室61、steering wheel 转向轮 62、air cooling 空气冷却 63、spark plug 火花塞 64、starter 起动机 65、 alternator 交流发电机66、valve system 阀门系统 67、 valve clearance气门间隙68、valve timing 气门正时 69、valve train 气门传动 70、 gear ratio传动比 71、 inline engine 直列发动机 72、distributed system 分布系统 73、varied cylinder count 可变的气缸数 74、 excess-air factor 过量空气系数 75、air-fuel ratio 空燃比76、diesel engine 柴油发动机 77、 parking braking 驻车制动 78、disc brake 盘式制动79、fuel pump 燃料80、thermostat 节温器81、air-fuel mixture 混合空气燃料 82、 steering box转向器83、shock absorber 减振器84、swept volume 有效容积85、clearance volume 余隙容积 86、 intake manifold 进气总管87、cylinder sleeve 气缸套88、piston ring活塞环89、crankcase 曲轴箱90、universal joint 万向节91、liquid cooling液体冷却 92、cylinder head 气缸盖 93、 weak mixture 稀混合气 94、rich mixture 浓混合气 95、induction stroke进气行程 96、compression stroke压缩行程 97、 power stroke 做功行程 98、 exhaust stroke 排气行程 99、 engine lubrication发动机润滑 100、compression ratio 压缩比 101、 filter 滤清器102、sliding-mesh transmission滑动啮合变速器103、controller area network(CAN) 控制器局域网104、constant-mesh transmission 常啮合变速器 105、 synchro-mesh transmission 同步啮合传动 106、 windscreen wiper 风窗刮水器 107、seat-belt 座椅安全带108、continuously variable transmission 无级变速器109、front wheel drive 前轮驱动 110、 anti-theft system 防盗系统111、brake by-wire 线控制动 112、 fault-tolerant 容错113、engine capacity 发动机容量 114、steering system 转向系统115、charging system 充电系统 116、 passenger inertial restraint system 惯性约束系统2、英文缩写1汽油直接喷射GDI 2废气再循坏EGR 3自动变速器AT 4防抱死制动系统ABS5多用途汽车MPV 6上止点TDC 7前轮驱动FWD 8电子稳定性程序ESP9车辆识别号VIN 10电动助力转向EPS 11液力助力转向HPS 12多点燃油喷射MPI 13手动变速器MT 14运动型多用途车SUV 15下止点BDC16全轮驱动AWD 17电子控制模块ECM18诊断故障代码DTC19牵引力制动系统TCS 20三元催化转换器TWC 21车载诊断装置OBD 22电子式气阀控制EVC 23无级变速器CVT 24电液制动EHB 25机电制动EMB 26控制器局域网络CAN 27曲轴箱强制通风PCV 28汽车工程学会SAE29智能型可变配气正时和气门升程VTEC 30电子控制燃油喷射EFI 31怠速控制ISC32歧管绝对压力MAP 33专业维修工具SST 34车辆控制模块VCM35内部局域网LAN 36汽车工程师协会SAE 37空调AC 38绝对压力传感器APS39电控制动力分配EBD 40电子点火提前角ESA 41无线遥控门锁RKE 42国际标准机构ISO 43全球卫星定位系统GPS 44混合动力电动汽车HEV 45低排放汽车LEV 46发光二极管LED 47液晶显示器LCD 48原装设备制造厂OEM 49顶置凸轮轴OHC 50顶置气门OHV51辅助约束系统SRS3. 连线1).Common Rail Injection System 共轨燃油喷射系统2).Electronic valve control 电子式气阀控制3).Turbo Charger System 涡轮增压系统4).0verhead Camshaft Valve Train 顶置凸轮轴气阀传动5).Carburetor Fuel System 化油器式燃油系统6.Three-way Catalytic Converter 三元催化转化器7).Exhaust-gas recirculation 废气再循环8).brake fluid reservoir 制动液贮存箱9).Evaporative Emission Control 蒸发排放控制10).fail-safe mode 失效安全模式二、判断对错( ) 1. Automobile parts can be grouped into three major categories: body, engine and chassis.( ) 2. BDC is the position of the crank and position when the piston is farther from the crankshaft.( ) 3. Engine capacity is the swept volume of all the cylinders.( ) 4. Bore is the internal diameter of the cylinder.( ) 5. Gasoline engine is called a compression-ignition engine.( ) 6. Diesel and gasoline engine are both internal-combustion engines. ( ) 7. The three most harmful emissions are hydrocarbons, carbon dioxideand nitrogen oxides.( ) 8. In engines there are two methods of cooling: air cooling and liquid cooling.(√ ) 9. Alternator in the vehicle only produces electricity to operatethe various electrical circuits.( ) 10. When the driver turns the steering wheel ,the steering gear is centered.( ) 11. Stroke is the distance between BDC and TDC.( ) 12. If engine combustion occurs within the power chamber, the engineis called an external combustion engine.( ) 13. TDC is the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft( ) 14. Diesel is called a compression-ignition engine.( ) 15. Diesel engine has higher compression ratio than gasoline engine. ( ) 16. The engine acts as the power unit.( ) 17. The vehicle is classified as rear-wheel drive front-wheel drive, four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive.( ) 18.When a vehicle is cornered the axle shaft can maintains its driving action.( ) 19. Exposed to the air, drum brakes radiate the heat to the air better than disc brakes.( ) 20. There are two types of transmissions-manual and automatic. ( ) 21. In an automobile, the electrical voltage is created by chemical action in the storage battery and by magnetic induction in the alternator. ( ) 22. The chassis includes the power train, steering, suspension, and braking system.( ) 23. Swept volume is the volume between TDC and BDC.( ) 24. Clearance volume is the volume of the space above the piston whenit is at TDC.( ) 25. Compression ratio ε= ( swept volume + clearance volume)/( clearance volume).( ) 26. The spark-ignition engine operating strokes are induction stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhauststroke.( ) 27. The purpose of the lubrication system is to circulate oil throughthe engine.( ) 28. Rear-wheel drive has advantages over front-wheel drive.( ) 29. In order to reduce the speed of the vehicle, the brakes have toconvert the kinetic energy to chemical energy.( ) 30. Since 1976, all cars have used disc brakes on the front wheels.( ) 31. Non-power brakes rely on the driver's foot pressure to operate.( ) 32. The rear suspension is more complicated than the front suspension. ( ) 33. When discharging, PbO and Pb in the Lead-acid battery react withH SO to form PbSO .( ) 34. The charging system uses the mechanical energy of the engine togenerate electricity.( ) 35. Passenger restraint systems consist of air bag and seat-belttightening system.三、语句英译中1. The internal combustion engine is most common: thisobtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside theengine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diesel.内燃发动机最常用的,它是通过燃烧发动机气缸内的液体燃料获得动力。

专业英语阅读与翻译基础知识

专业英语阅读与翻译基础知识

B. The amount of energy is the amount of positive



work the body can do in changing from the condition it is in to some other condition. The amount of energy is the amount of positive work the body can do in changing from the condition it is in to some other condition. 上句中the body和it前分别省略了关联词which。 这两个which分别作do和in的宾语。 可译为:该能量系物体从所处的条件转变到另 外某一条件时所做的正功。
(3)注意词的搭配以及前后相呼应的连词或关联词
A. Then we may speak of anything whose voltage is higher than that of the earth as being positive, and of anything whose voltage is less than that of the earth as being negative.
2.翻译过程
(1)理解阶段引爆电线突然耷拉下来。
库尔斯说,“我回去看看。 A.理解语言现象 一定是哪个地方断了。等 译者必须上下有联系地理解原文的词汇含义、 一等,我五分钟就回来。”

句法结构和惯用法等等。 例如: Suddenly the line went limp. “I’m going back,” said Kurth. “We must have a break somewhere. Wait for me. I’ll be back in five minutes.”

专业英语翻译基础知识

专业英语翻译基础知识

就专业英语的特点和用途而言,其翻译 标准应该是:准确规范、通顺易懂、简 洁明晰。 1、准确规范 所谓准确,就是忠实地、不折不扣地传 达原文的全部信息内容。要做到这一点, 译者必须充分的理解原文所表述的内容, 其中包括对原文词汇、语法、逻辑关系 和专业内容的理解。专业翻译的任何错 误,甚至是不准确都会给科学研究、学 术交流等带来不良影响或巨大损失,甚 至是灾难。
2、恰当造句 翻译基本上是以句子为单位的,翻译时,首先 必须要有一个忠实原文、通顺明确的句子。 例:The truck was engaged to low gear and driven in a zigzag course at a terrifying speed. 汽车挂上低速档以惊人的速度高速行驶在弯路 上。 这个句子翻译得没有什么问题,而且比较通畅。 但译者对at a terrifying speed 的理解上出现了 错误。汽车离合器在低速档上离合怎能高速行 驶呢?译文应修改成“汽车挂上低速档,以令 人恐惧的速度在弯路上行驶”。
3、力求简练 简练就是要使译文尽可能简短、精炼、不 重复、罗嗦。在翻译科技英语中,在保证 准确的前提下,应注意文字的修辞,力求 简洁明快是十分必要的。 例:Each product must be produced to rigid quality standard. 可译成:每件产品均需达到严格的质量标 准。如果译成:每件产品都要生产得满足 严格的质量标准,就显得有些罗嗦生硬 。
例1:The nylon nut must not protrude above the metal surface. 尼龙螺母不应高出金属表面。 例2:Space programs demand tremendous quantities of liquid gydrogen and oxygen as rocket fuel. 航天计划需要大量的液氢和液氧作为火箭燃料。 倒译:有时完全按照原文的词序来翻译是很困难 的,为了使译文更加通顺,更符合汉语的表达习 惯,须采用完全不同于原文词语顺序的方法来翻 译,我们称之为倒译。 例1:The converse effect is the cooling of a gas when it expands. 气体在膨胀时对其冷却的一种逆效应。 例2:Too large a current must not be used. 不得使用过大的电流。

专业英语翻译基本知识

专业英语翻译基本知识

专业英语翻译基本知识(仅供参考)1.英语翻译的标准专业英语的翻译注重客观性、准确性,不强调翻译者的主观色彩。

翻译的用词应该准确、恰当,句子叙述清楚,表达简洁、流畅。

(1)准确忠实:准确无误,不得有错。

即要如实表达原文的含义,不缺漏原文表达的每一层意思,也不添加任何原文没有的含义。

(2)通顺流畅:译文必须符合汉语的语法要求、修辞规则和通常习惯,使读者易看易懂易读。

因此,要求译文不能逐字逐句死译,而是要按照汉语的语法规律和习惯表达出来,做到通俗易懂。

(3)简练清楚:译文在清楚明白表达原文意思,不使人产生歧义和模糊不清的前提下,尽可能简洁、精炼、不重复啰嗦。

2.英语翻译的基本技巧2.1词性转译法在翻译过程中,为了符合汉语的表达习惯,使译文更加通顺,或为达到一定的修饰目的,可以适当改变一下原文中某些词的词类,将原句中属于某词类的词转译成为另一类词。

一般而言有四种(1)转译成名词(动词、形容词、副词等转译为名词)例:The cutting tool must be strong, tough, hard, and wear resistant.(形容词转译为名词)刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度,而且耐磨。

(2)转译成动词(名词、形容词、介词和副词等转译成动词)例:Rigid pavements are made from cement concrete.刚性路面是用水泥混凝土建造的(介词转译成动词)(3)转译成形容词(名词、副词等转译成形容词)例:This experiment in a success这个实验是成功的。

(名词转译成形容词)(4)转译成副词(名词、动词和形容词译成副词)例:Although the basic materials for bridge building remain either prestressed concrete orsteel, there have been some recent changes尽管建桥的基本材料仍然是预应力混凝土或钢材,但近来已经有些变化了。

英语入门翻译知识点总结

英语入门翻译知识点总结

英语入门翻译知识点总结Translation is the process of conveying the meaning of text from one language to another. It is a complex and challenging task that requires not only a good understanding of both the source and target languages, but also a deep knowledge of the culture and context of the texts being translated. In this article, we will provide an introduction to some basic knowledge points about translation, including the principles of translation, translation techniques, and the importance of cultural competence in translation.Principles of Translation1. EquivalenceEquivalence is a fundamental principle in translation, referring to the idea that the translation should convey the same meaning as the original text. This means that the translator needs to find the most appropriate words and expressions in the target language to accurately represent the meaning of the source text.2. Communicative FunctionAnother important principle of translation is to maintain the communicative function of the original text. This involves not only conveying the literal meaning of the words, but also considering the intended purpose and effect of the text in the target language.3. Textual CohesionTextual cohesion is the principle that a translated text should maintain the coherence and flow of the original text. This includes the use of consistent terminology, maintaining the logical structure of the text, and ensuring that the translation reads smoothly and naturally.4. Cultural ContextCultural context is a crucial consideration in translation, as it influences the meaning and interpretation of the text. Translators need to be aware of cultural nuances, idiomatic expressions, and social conventions in both the source and target languages to ensure an accurate and culturally appropriate translation.Translation Techniques1. Literal TranslationLiteral translation involves translating the words and phrases of the source text directly into the target language, without taking into account the nuances, idiomatic expressions, or cultural differences. While this approach can sometimes result in a word-for-word translation, it often fails to capture the true meaning of the original text.2. Dynamic EquivalenceDynamic equivalence, also known as functional equivalence, is a translation technique that focuses on conveying the meaning and communicative function of the original text, rather than a literal rendering of the words. This approach allows for greater flexibility in the translation process, as it prioritizes the overall meaning and impact of the text in the target language.3. TranscreationTranscreation is a technique used for creative and highly expressive texts, such as marketing materials, slogans, and literary works. It involves adapting the original text in such a way that the same impact, emotion, and intent are conveyed in the target language, rather than a direct translation of the words.4. LocalizationLocalization is a technique that involves adapting a translation to suit the cultural and linguistic conventions of a specific region or target audience. This may include adapting dates, currencies, measurements, and cultural references to make the translation more relevant and accessible to the target audience.Importance of Cultural Competence in TranslationCultural competence is a critical skill for translators, as it enables them to accurately convey the nuances and cultural references of the source text in the target language. It involves not only an understanding of the language itself, but also the customs, traditions, and social norms of the cultures involved. Without cultural competence, translations may miss important nuances, appear unnatural, or even cause offense to the target audience.In conclusion, translation is a complex and multifaceted process that requires a deep understanding of both the source and target languages, as well as the cultural and contextual factors involved. By applying the principles of equivalence, maintaining communicative function, ensuring textual cohesion, and considering cultural context, translators can create accurate, meaningful, and culturally appropriate translations. Developing cultural competence and mastering various translation techniques are essential for producing high-quality translations that effectively convey the meaning and impact of the original text in the target language.。

专业英语翻译(中英对照)

专业英语翻译(中英对照)

1. Electrical Measuring Instruments电子测量仪表Electrical personnel use many different types of measuring instruments. 电子技术人员使用许多不同类型的测量仪器。

Some jobs require very accurate measurements while other jobs need only rough estimates. 一些工作需要精确测量面另一些工作只需粗略估计。

Some instruments are used solely to determine whether or not a circuit is complete. 有些仪器被使用仅仅是确定线路是否完整。

The most common measuring and testing instruments are voltage testers, voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, continuity testers, megohmmeters, wattmeters(功率计), and watt-hour meters(电度表,电表)。

最常用的测量测试仪表有:电压测试仪,电压表,欧姆表,连续性测试仪,兆欧表,瓦特表还有瓦特小时表。

All meters used for measuring electrical values are basically current meters. 所有测量电值的表基本上都是电流表。

They measure or compare the values of current flowing through them. 他们测量或是比较通过他们的电流值。

The meters are calibrated and the scale is designed to read the value of the desired unit. 这些仪表可以被校准并且设计了不同的量程,以便读出期望的数值。

汉英翻译基础知识PPT共26页

汉英翻译基础知识PPT共26页
汉英翻译基础知识
1、纪律是管理关系的形式。——阿法 纳西耶 夫 2、改革如果不讲纪律,就难以成功。
3、道德行为训练,不是通过语言影响 ,而是 让儿童 练习良 好道德 行为, 克服懒 惰、轻 率、不 守纪律 、颓废 等不良 行为。 4、学校没有纪律便如磨房里没有水。 ——夸 美纽斯
5、教导儿童服从真理、服从集体,养 成儿童 自觉的 纪律性 ,这是 儿童道 德教育 最重要 的部分 。—— 陈鹤琴
55、 为 中 华 之 崛起而 读书。 — 事 常成 于困约 ,而败 于奢靡 。——陆 游 52、 生 命 不 等 于是呼 吸,生 命是活 动。——卢 梭
53、 伟 大 的 事 业,需 要决心 ,能力 ,组织 和责任 感。 ——易 卜 生 54、 唯 书 籍 不 朽。——乔 特

汉英翻译基础知识课件

汉英翻译基础知识课件
屋及乌)”、“Every dog has his day(凡人皆有得意日)”等。
又如颜色方面,中国人喜爱红色,认为它代表热情、喜悦和兴 旺。传统中国婚礼上新娘子总是红色的奇葩,以示吉利;新房 也必由大红“喜”字。
但英美文化中红色常与暴力、流血和战争有关。因而为避免读 者误解,著名翻译家David Hawkes不但把《红楼梦》翻译成
1)中国人的形象思维体现在用具体形象的词语比喻抽象的事物, 以物表感、状物言志。如:明枪易躲,暗箭难防(It is easy to dodge a spear thrust in the open, but difficult to guard against an arrow shot from hiding)、脚踩两只船(straddle two boats; have a foot in either camp)、脚踏实地(have a down-to-earth manner)、丢盔弃甲(throw away everything in headlong flight) 蒙在鼓里(be kept in the dark)等。
2.3.1 汉英文字对比 2.3.2 汉英语音对比 2.3.3汉英词汇对比 2.3.4 汉英句法对比 2.3.5 汉英篇章对比
第17页,共30页。
2.3.1 汉英文字对比
汉语属汉藏语系(Sino-Tibetan Family),英语属印欧语系(Indo-European Family)。
古汉字是表意文字(ideograpic script) 英语是拼音文字(alphabetic script)
“关心的是人道,而非天道,是人生之理,而非自然之性”。 而海洋性地理环境中发展起来的英美文化促使英美人对天文
地理的浓厚兴趣,使他们形成了探求自然的奥秘,向自然索

专业外语翻译知识(2014)

专业外语翻译知识(2014)

18
英译汉知识(四)
词义引申
英译汉时,有时会遇到某些词组无法直接搬用词典中的现成释义, 如果硬般或勉强按照词典所给的词义译出,就会使译文生硬晦涩,不 能确切表达原意,甚至会造成误解。 在此种情况下,就应根据上下文的逻辑关系,从该词的基本含义 出发,按照汉语的表达习惯,对词义加以引申,由原义产生一个新义, 以确切表达原文的意思。
重骨料 重型构架 强电流 大雨, 暴雨
Heavy concrete Heavy wire Heavy traffic
重质混凝土 粗线 拥挤的交通 繁忙的运输
Heavy earthwork 暴风雨 Heavy grade
大量的土方工程 陡坡,大坡
16
根据搭配习惯选择词义
Build a house Build a ship Build a bridge Build a dam Build a fire Build a car Build a road 盖房 造船 架桥 筑坝 生火 造车 修路
4
(2) Today the most final structural calculations are done by specialists. mastery is not essential for the architects, but an understanding is.
A
现在,最后的结构计算大多由专门人员承担,精通对建筑师来说不是主 要的,但他必须了解。 ( 不好) 现在,最后的结构计算大多由专门人员承担。建筑师不必精通结构计算 (增词),但有必要对其有所了解。(√)
(3)You can not be too careful 你不能太小心 ( x ) 你要特别小心 (√) (4) He measured his length on the floor as soon as he entered the room. 他一进屋就在地板上测量了他的长度 ( x ) 他一进屋就跌倒在地板上 (√)

专业英语翻译(中英对照)

专业英语翻译(中英对照)

1. Electrical Measuring Instruments电子测量仪表Electrical personnel use many different types of measuring instruments. 电子技术人员使用许多不同类型的测量仪器。

Some jobs require very accurate measurements while other jobs need only rough estimates. 一些工作需要精确测量面另一些工作只需粗略估计。

Some instruments are used solely to determine whether or not a circuit is complete. 有些仪器被使用仅仅是确定线路是否完整。

The most common measuring and testing instruments are voltage testers, voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, continuity testers, megohmmeters, wattmeters(功率计), and watt-hour meters(电度表,电表)。

最常用的测量测试仪表有:电压测试仪,电压表,欧姆表,连续性测试仪,兆欧表,瓦特表还有瓦特小时表。

All meters used for measuring electrical values are basically current meters. 所有测量电值的表基本上都是电流表。

They measure or compare the values of current flowing through them. 他们测量或是比较通过他们的电流值。

The meters are calibrated and the scale is designed to read the value of the desired unit. 这些仪表可以被校准并且设计了不同的量程,以便读出期望的数值。

专业英语翻译基础知识共25页文档

专业英语翻译基础知识共25页文档

谢谢!
专业英语翻译基础知识
16、人民应该为法律而战斗,就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ,并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ,而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令,就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律,其真实含 义是财 富。— 侈 。——CocoCha nel 62、少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学 ,如日 中之光 ;志而 好学, 如炳烛 之光。 ——刘 向 63、三军可夺帅也,匹夫不可夺志也。 ——孔 丘 64、人生就是学校。在那里,与其说好 的教师 是幸福 ,不如 说好的 教师是 不幸。 ——海 贝尔 65、接受挑战,就可以享受胜利的喜悦 。——杰纳勒 尔·乔治·S·巴顿

专业英语翻译基础

专业英语翻译基础
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1. 2专业英语的语法特点
3.融合法 把原句中的主语和定语从句融合在一起,它需要改变句子
结构,用原句的主语作主语部分,原句中的定语从句作谓语 部分,译成一个独立的句子。 [例10] Soft-rock tunneling has as its main characteristic the tunneling process which needsno explosives. [译文]软岩隧道施工的主要特点是在施工过程中不需要使用 炸药。
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2.2.2 表达过程的技巧
1.准确贴切.简洁流畅 2.表达所运用的翻译方法
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2. 2专业英语翻译技巧
2.2.3核实过程的要求
在核实过程中,要注意以下几个方面: (1)人名、地名、日期、方位和数字的翻译; (2)译文的词与句有无遗漏; (3)译文中句子修饰成分的位置; (4)有无错别字; (5)标点符号有无错误等。
有些英语长句含有较长的定语从句同位语从句以及较长的短语修饰语在排列次序及表达方式上与汉语差别很大这时可以考虑打乱原文的结构将修饰语句单独译为一句或几句并通过恰当的概括性词语把它们同主语连接起来也就是运用了翻译过程中的得其意而忘其形的手法使句子的眉日更加清晰更符合汉语的表达习惯
Part I专业英语翻译基础
上一页 下一页 返回
1. 2专业英语的语法特点
1 .2. 4常使用It…结构.表示非人称的语气和客观态度 1.形式主语句 在这样的句子中,占有主语位置的词不是句子的真实主语,
而是代替其真实主语的形式主语it。在翻译时,可译成无人 称句、用真实主语代替形式主语句、主表倒置(即把真实主语 译成表语,而把原句表语译成“……的是”判断结构作主语) 等方法。 [例11]It is estimated that about one third of all accidents happen when it is dark,alttraffic during daytime.(无人称句译法) [译文]尽管自天的交通明显繁忙,但据估计,大约有三分之 一的事故发生在晚上

专业英语翻译理论

专业英语翻译理论

专业英语翻译理论
2. 有些要求有固定介词的形容词在句中作 表语或定语时,译成动词。 表语或定语时,译成动词。 E.g.: a.The final product moisture is dependent on feed size and residence time at temperature. b.For larger size feed, dried product moisture levels are higher.
专业英语翻译理论
3. 起形容词作用的现在分词、过去分词和一 起形容词作用的现在分词、 些作定语或补语的形容词,译为动词。 些作定语或补语的形容词,译为动词。
E.g.:
a.The design calculation will serve as an illustrative application of the theory semiconductor devices. 3.1.3. 介词译成动词 E.g.: a.Numerous treatment technology of wastewater exist, each with their respective merits.
专业英语翻译理论
2.1.2 根据词的搭配关系选择词义
E.g.: operate: 操作、运转、完成、实施 操作、运转、完成、 a. Thermal convection will not operated in zero gravity. b. Rockets operate in the vacuum of outer space as well as in the earth atmosphere. c. Transistors(晶体管 operate as control devices 晶体管) 晶体管 and amplifier. d. The electric computers can operate only according to instructions, which must be prepared by man in advance.
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