ACM动态规划问题简易模板(C++可编译)

1、0-1背包#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>//背包问题/*测试数据：输入：8 238 4 5 1 6 6 7 37 8 3 3 4 9 6 2输出：1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1*/int num,c;int v[10];int w[10];int m[10][30];//设m[i][j],则表示在前i个物品中，背包大小是j的情况下，背包所装东西的最大价值void knapsack(){int n=num-1;int jmax,i,j;if(w[n]<c) jmax=w[n];else jmax=c;for(i=0;i<jmax;i++)m[n][i]=0;for(i=w[n];i<=c;i++)m[n][i]=v[n];for(i=n-1;i>0;i--){if(w[i]<c) jmax=w[i];else jmax=c;for(j=0;j<jmax;j++)m[i][j]=m[i+1][j];for(j=w[i];j<=c;j++){if(m[i+1][j]<m[i+1][j-w[i]]+v[i])m[i][j]=m[i+1][j-w[i]]+v[i];elsem[i][j]=m[i+1][j];}}m[0][c]=m[1][c];if(c>=w[0]){if(m[0][c]<m[1][c-w[0]]+v[0])m[0][c]=m[1][c-w[0]]+v[0];}}void trackback(int *x){int n=num-1;int i;for(i=0;i<n;i++){if(m[i][c]==m[i+1][c]) x[i]=0;else{x[i]=1;c=c-w[i];}}if(m[n][c]>0) x[n]=1;else x[n]=0;}int main(){int i,x[10],j;scanf("%d %d",&num,&c);for(i=0;i<num;i++)scanf("%d",&v[i]);for(i=0;i<num;i++)scanf("%d",&w[i]);knapsack();for(i=0;i<=c;i++) printf("%3d",i);printf("\n");for(i=0;i<num;i++){for(j=0;j<=c;j++)printf("%3d",m[i][j]);printf("\n");}trackback(x);for(i=0;i<num;i++)printf("%d ",x[i]);printf("\n");return 0;}2、KMP算法#include<iostream>#include<string.h>using namespace std;inline void BuildNext(const char* pattern, size_t length, unsigned int* next){unsigned int i, t;i = 1;t = 0;next[1] = 0;while(i < length + 1){while(t > 0 && pattern[i - 1] != pattern[t - 1]){t = next[t];}++t;++i;if(pattern[i - 1] == pattern[t - 1]){next[i] = next[t];}else{next[i] = t;}}//pattern末尾的结束符控制，用于寻找目标字符串中的所有匹配结果用while(t > 0 && pattern[i - 1] != pattern[t - 1]){t = next[t];}++t;++i;next[i] = t;}unsigned int KMP(const char* text, size_t text_length, const char* pattern, size_t pattern_length, unsigned int* matches){unsigned int i, j, n;unsigned int next[pattern_length + 2];BuildNext(pattern, pattern_length, next);i = 0;j = 1;n = 0;while(pattern_length + 1 - j <= text_length - i){if(text[i] == pattern[j - 1]){++i;++j;//发现匹配结果，将匹配子串的位置，加入结果if(j == pattern_length + 1){matches[n++] = i - pattern_length;j = next[j];}}else{j = next[j];if(j == 0){++i;++j;}}//返回发现的匹配数return n;}int main(){char a[20],b[20];int n1,n2,n;unsigned int match[100];cin>>a;n1=strlen(a);//待匹配串cin>>b;n2=strlen(b);//模板串n=KMP(a,n1,b,n2,match);cout<<n<<endl;for(int i=0;i<n;i++)cout<<match[i]<<' ';}3、最大子段和#include<iostream>#include<stdio.h>using namespace std;int main(){int T,n;int a[50000];int hd[50000],tl[50000];scanf("%d",&T);while(T--){scanf("%d",&n);int i,temp,max;;for(i = 0;i < n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);//hd[],left -> rightmax = hd[0] = a[0];for(i = 1;i < n;i++){temp = a[i] + hd[i - 1];hd[i] = temp > a[i] ? temp : a[i];}for(i = 1;i < n;i++){hd[i] = max > hd[i] ? max : hd[i];max = hd[i];//tl[],right -> leftmax = tl[n - 1] = a[n - 1];for(i = n - 2;i >= 0;i--){temp = a[i] + tl[i + 1];tl[i] = temp > a[i] ? temp : a[i];}for(i = n - 2;i >= 0;i--){tl[i] = max > tl[i] ? max : tl[i];max = tl[i];}max = hd[0] + tl[1];for(i = 1;i < n - 1;i++){temp = hd[i] + tl[i + 1];max = max > temp ? max : temp;}printf("%d\n",max);}return 0;}4、最长公共子序列（不严格连续）#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#define MAXLEN 100void LCSLength(char *x, char *y, int m, int n, int c[][MAXLEN], int b[][MAXLEN]) {int i, j;for(i = 0; i <= m; i++)c[i][0] = 0;for(j = 1; j <= n; j++)c[0][j] = 0;for(i = 1; i<= m; i++){for(j = 1; j <= n; j++){if(x[i-1] == y[j-1]){c[i][j] = c[i-1][j-1] + 1;b[i][j] = 0;}else if(c[i-1][j] >= c[i][j-1]){c[i][j] = c[i-1][j];b[i][j] = 1;}else{c[i][j] = c[i][j-1];b[i][j] = -1;}}}}void PrintLCS(int b[][MAXLEN], char *x, int i, int j) {if(i == 0 || j == 0)return;if(b[i][j] == 0){PrintLCS(b, x, i-1, j-1);printf("%c ", x[i-1]);}else if(b[i][j] == 1)PrintLCS(b, x, i-1, j);elsePrintLCS(b, x, i, j-1);}int main(int argc, char **argv){char x[MAXLEN] = {"ABCBDAB"};char y[MAXLEN] = {"BDCABA"};int b[MAXLEN][MAXLEN];int c[MAXLEN][MAXLEN];int m, n;m = strlen(x);n = strlen(y);LCSLength(x, y, m, n, c, b);PrintLCS(b, x, m, n);return 0;}5、最长公共子序列（不严格连续）#include<iostream>#include<cstdio>#include<memory.h>using namespace std;const int N = 505;int num1[N],num2[N],f[N][N];int main(){int t,n,m;scanf("%d",&t);while(t--){scanf("%d",&n);for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)scanf("%d",&num1[i]);scanf("%d",&m);for(int j=1;j<=m;j++)scanf("%d",&num2[j]);memset(f,0,sizeof(f));int answer=0;int ma;for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ma=0;for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){f[i][j]=f[i-1][j];if(num1[i]>num2[j]&&f[i-1][j]>ma)ma=f[i-1][j];if(num1[i]==num2[j])f[i][j]=ma+1;}}for(int j=0;j<=m;j++)answer=max(answer,f[n][j]);printf("%d\n",answer);if(t!=0)printf("\n");}return 0;}6、最大子矩阵和#include <iostream>#include<memory.h>using namespace std;//求最大连续子矩阵和，动态规划，O(n^3) of time:/*输入41 -4 3 -8-3 5 2 -32 -1 8 1-1 1 -2 -4输出14*/int max_sum(int n, int *arr){ //求单个序列的最大连续子串和int result=0;int b=0;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(b>0) b+=arr[i];else b=arr[i];if(b>result) result=b;}return result;}int max_sum2(int m, int n, int **arr){int result=0;int *b=new int[n];for(int i=0;i<m;i++){memset(b,0,sizeof(int)*n);for(int j=i;j<m;j++){for(int k=0;k<n;k++)b[k]+=arr[j][k];//b[k]=arr[i][k]+arr[i+1][k]+...+arr[j][k]//从例子来说，当i=1,j=2时，有b[k]=arr[1][k]+arr[2][k],这时取到maxint max=max_sum(n,b);if(max>result) result=max;}}delete b;return result;}int main(){int N;cin>>N;int i,j;int **arr=new int*[N];for(i=0;i<N;i++){arr[i]=new int[N];for(j=0;j<N;j++)cin>>arr[i][j];}cout<<max_sum2(N,N,arr)<<endl;for(i=0;i<N;i++)delete arr[i];delete arr;return 0;}7、石子合并问题#include <iostream>#include <stdio.h>using namespace std;//石头合并问题PKU 1086 动态规划/*输入：44 1 2 3输出：*/#define MAX 1000000000int a[202];//每个石头的重量long f[202][202];//f[i][j]，第i个石头分到第j个石头合并的最小代价long sum[202][202];//sum[i][j],第i个石头到第j个石头的重量之和void print(int num){int i,j;for(i=1;i<=num;i++){for(j=1;j<=num;j++)printf("%3d",f[i][j]);cout<<endl;}cout<<endl;}void cal(int num){int i,j,k,min,d;for(i=1;i<=num;i++)f[i][i]=0;//不合并时的代价for(i=1;i<num;i++){sum[i][i]=a[i];for(j=i+1;j<=num;j++){sum[i][j]=sum[i][j-1]+a[j];}}sum[num][num]=a[num];for(d=1;d<=num-1;d++){for(i=1;i<=num-d;i++){j=i+d;min=MAX;//i..k为一堆石头，k+1,k+2...j为另一堆石头//f[i][j]为f[i][k]+f[k+1][j]+sum[i][j]的最小值(i<=j<k)for(k=i;k<j;k++)if(min>f[i][k]+f[k+1][j]+sum[i][j]) min=f[i][k]+f[k+1][j]+sum[i][j];f[i][j]=min;print(num);}}}int main(){int num,i;scanf("%d",&num);for(i=1;i<=num;i++)cin>>a[i];cal(num);cout<<f[1][num]<<endl;return 0;}8、最大乘积#include <iostream>#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <math.h>using namespace std;//添加乘号得到最大乘积动态规划#define NMAX 12#define CMAX 7__int64 f[NMAX][CMAX];//f[i][j],长度为i,用了j个乘号后的最大值char str[22];void print(int num,int k){ //用于调试时打印f[][]int i,j;for(i=0;i<num;i++){for(j=1;j<=k;j++)printf("%6d",f[i][j]);cout<<endl;}cout<<endl;// system("pause");}int conv(int start,int num){ //在str[i]中，以start为起点，num为长度所表示的数字int sum,i;sum=0;for(i=1;i<=num;i++){sum*=10;sum+=str[start+i-1]-'0';}return sum;}void cal(int num,int chen){int i,j,temp,k;for(i=0;i<num;i++){ //初始化，不用乘号时的情况f[i][0]=conv(0,i+1);}for(j=1;j<=chen;j++){for(i=j;i<num;i++){temp=0;for(k=0;k<i;k++){//a1,a2,a3..an用j个乘号连接//看成是a1,a2...ak已经用j-1个乘号连接，//然后再与后面的ak+1,ak+2..an组成的数用1个乘号连接if(temp<f[k][j-1]*conv(k+1,i-k))temp=f[k][j-1]*conv(k+1,i-k);}f[i][j]=temp;//找到局部的最大乘积}// print(num,chen);}}int main(){int num,chen;//num为字符串长度while(scanf("%d%d",&num,&chen)!=EOF){scanf("%s",&str);cal(num,chen);printf("%I64d\n",f[num-1][chen]);}return 0;}。