英语国家概况课程标准Word版
英语国家概况课程教学大纲教案
英语国家概况课程教学大纲教案（2011.4学年第1学期）（一）课程教学目的和要求随着我国对外交往的日益频繁和涉外工作的需要，大学生不仅有必要学好英语语言能力，还应该对英语国家社会与文化基本情况进行大致了解，以便进一步搞好夸文化交流。
该课程主要介绍了英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰等地的社会与文化基本状况。
（二）课程教学重点和难点1、重点：了解掌握5 个说英语的国家人文、地理、气候特征，政府政治与经济制度，以及文化教育特点。
2、难点：地貌特征产生的原因，各政府政治执政的相同模式和不同点。
（三）教学方法讲解和讨论并用。
（四）课时安排：总课时：36课时，每堂课一个专题。
（五）考核方式：期末考试（六）参考教材王恩铭《英语国家概况》上海外语教育出版社2008谢福之《英语国家概况》外语教学与研究出版社20071) Where does Britain lie?2）What is its full name?3）What is the total land area of the United Kingdom?4）What is British Isles?5）How long does its coastline run?1. Geographic features and its total area.:Britain is situated in Western Europe and is separated from the European continent in the eastby the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel in the south. It is an insular（保守的）country. Its coastline runs 12,429 km, I t is one of the countries with longest coastline. To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean, across and beyond it is America. The Straits of Dover between France and England is quite narrow and it is 33 km across. In 1985 the British government and the French government decided to build a channel tunnel under the Straits of Dover so that England and France could be joined together by road. This channel tunnel was opened to traffic in May 1994 after eight years hard work.The Britain faces Scandinavia Peninsular (Norway, Sweden and Denmark) to the northeast and to the North lies Iceland To the south across the English Channel lies France and Belgium and to the east across North Sea lie Germany and Holland.The total area is about 244,820 square kilometers.It Is over 1,000 km. from south to north and it is about 500 km. from west to east.2. The names of UKIts full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,usually shortened , abbreviated to the United Kingdom or U.K.. It may also called Great Britain, Britain or informally England.England: 130.000skm, 60% of whole island.British Isles: Two large islands and several small onesBritain：The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Great Britain ：England, Wales, ScotlandBritain is divided into highland area and lowland area.It has large mountain ranges : the Pennies：Bulk of Pennines（奔宁山脉）is moorland. The Cumbrian Mountain Range, the Grampian Mountains , the Cambrian Mountain Range and such important rivers as Thames River ,the Seven River, Mercy River, the Humber, the Clyde River and the Forth.Scotland has an area of 78,760 square kilometers in northern part.It is situated in the north of Great Britain with a good number of mountains and islands. There are 800 islands which contain Hebrides, Shetland and Orkney islands. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.Wales: Wales is in the west of Great Britain. It has an area of 20,761 square kilometers and it take up less than 9% of the whole island. The capital of Wales is Cardiff. Most of Wales is mountainous. The hills rise steeply from the sea and rather flat on top. 6% of Wales is covered with forest and much of the country is pastureland for sheep and cattle. Wales on the Western Prominence. 20.700skm, 9% of the whole island.Wales was united to England in 14th centuryNorthern Ireland takes up the northern fifth of Ireland. It has an area of 14,147 square kilometers. It is made up of six counties that consist of fertile, drumlin [`drʌmlin] (鼓丘) country surrounding Lough Neagh. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland. Mountains in the north and south, separated by the fertile basin of Lough Neagh, mainly agricultural, industrial center: two ports–Belfast and Londonderry.3. Climate and Weather ------A maritime type of climate:1) moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream, milder than places in the same latitude.2) equable: winters are mild, temperature exceed 4c in the west, lower in the east. July about 18c. 13c in the northern Scotland.3) changeable day-t-day conditions.4) Rainfall throughout the year. No marked dry season.In Britain the weather is rainy, changeable and unpredictable. In fact it has a favorable maritime climate. It rarely rises above 32℃in summer or falls below –10℃in winter. Winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.“ Can I compare thee to the summer’s day ?”Rainfall: Britain has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The average annual rainfall in Britain is over 1,ooo mm.It is rainy and so changeable and unpredictable. One can experience four seasons in the course of a single day. Britain is famous for its fogs. The smoke-fogs of the big town, which used to develop in winter time whenever there was not enough wind to blow the smoke away, were horrible, unhealthy and dangerous to movement4. Rivers and lakes and natural resourcesThere are many lakes and rivers in England: but not very large.1) the longest river: Severn River, 355km2) Thames River, 338km, in Oxford3) Clyde River in Scotland4) lakes lies in Northern Scotland & the Cambria Mountains and North Wales England is rich in coal, iron, tin, copper, oil and gasThere are no large land-based oilfields except in North Sea. (also gas)5. Exercise:Tell if the following are true or false1) The island of great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England , Scotland and Wales. ( + )2) People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. ( - )3) Today more than half of people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.( - )4) In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom. ( - )5) The longest river of Britain originates in Wales. ( + )6) Because of political troubles, Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. ( + )7) Though the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in Northern Scotland often falls below -10’c in January. ( - )8) The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland. ( + )9) Cardiff is the capital city of Scotland. ( - )10) According to a 2005 census, Britain now has a population of 60 million. ( + )11) Among the four parts of United Kingdom, Wales is the smallest. ( - )12) English belong to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of language. ( + )13) Almost a quarter of the British population lives in northwestern England. ( - )14) The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek words to English. ( + )15) The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the Norman influence. ( + )Lecture Two The People(1)1)What are the Celtic languages? Are they still alive?2)How has English language evolved in history? Is it important to the UK’s class structure?3)What are the minor languages spoken in the UK？Overview: Population: 56,500,000English 80%; Welsh 5%; Scots 10%; Irish 4%.1. The English: Anglo-Saxon in origin, Germanic tribes conquered in the 5th, 6th AD. Norman French, Under William of Normandy in 1066. Welsh, Scot, Irish: Celts from north-western Europe, invaded Britain between 700BC and 200BC.1.1 The characteristics of English people: reserved, unemotional, courteous; shy of strangers; suspicious of change and slow to accept new ideals; solid and dependable with a high sense of honesty, duty and justice; physically and morally courageous; conscious of his place in the social order, disliking any show of emotion and lack of control.2. The Welsh is composed of two groups of people:1) sheep farmers in the mountainous regions of the centre and north;2) industrial workers in the south2.1 Characteristics of Welsh people: musical, emotional, cheerful, proud of their past, and welcoming to friends but suspicious of foreigners. They lived hard-working lives of the Welsh The cultural pride in Wales is very strong, famous for their love of music and poetry.Welsh is an ancient Celtic language, more different from English than English is from French or German.3. Characteristics of th e Scots: inventive, hard-working, serious-minded and cautious with moneyA) Highlanders live by farming sheep and fishing, being proud, independent, hardyB) Lowlanders live in industrialized urban areas.2) Great empire builders, fierce soldiers . “Devils in skirts” or “ladies from hell” are nicknames of Scottish soldiers for their bravery.3) Distinctive national dress: kilt, pleated skirts( 百折裙)4.Characteristics of Irish: introspective(好反省的) dreamers and poets, argumentative and aggressive.1) IRA: the Irish Republican Army on the Catholic side.2) Ulster Unionists, (Loyalists) on the Protestant side.5 . Immigrants:1) escape political or religious persecution2) seek a better life3) A) from old dominions of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South AfricaB) Eastern European refugeesC) West Indies, India & PakistanD) Chinese, Greek, Turkish Cypriots, Italian, SpaniardsEmigration from Britain to Canada and Australia, USA (doctors, scientists) ---- “brain drain”6. The Origins of a Nation6.1. early settlement (---55BC)A) the first immigrants: Iberians from Spain & Portugal about 5000 years ago.their relics: Stonehenge 石林(stone monuments) on Salisbury Plain in southwest of England.B) 3 waves: Celts from north-west Europe after 700 BC., 500 BC, and 100 BC —tall, red hair and blue eyes.C) Celtic conquerors blended with Iberian6.2. Roman Britain (55BC –410)1) Julius Caesar came to Britain in 55BC.2) Roman occupation lasted about 400 years.6.3 Impacts on its culture1) brought Christianity to England2) built roads all across Britain3) towns grew up along the Roman roads4) English upper classes became completely Romanized, Roman landowners and officials.5) Social systems: laws, taxes6) Roman language---Latin7) system of writing & numbering8) written description of the land, peoples9) engineering skills, architecture7. Anglo-Saxon times (446-871)Three Germanic tribes invaded England: Angles, Saxons and Jutes. The name England is named after Angles.7.1. Danish InvasionAt the turn of 8th century, Danes, or Vikings, invaded England from Norway & Denmark.8. NormansThe Norman Conquest in 1066.8.1 Consequences: William of Normandy and his French-speaking followers set up a strong central government which brought a new unified discipline and control to England.8.2. French became the official language.8.3. established a feudal system.8.4. Contacts between England & France increased.Exercises：1. Decide whether the following are true or false:1) The British history before 55BC is basically un documented. (+)2) The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe ---the Britons. (+)3) The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the mid 5th century. (+)4) The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(+).2. Choose the best answer:1)The ____ attack on Roman ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic (d)2) By the late 7th century, _____ Christianity became the dominant religion in England.A. CelticB. Anglo-SaxonC. GermanicD. Roman (d)Part I Politics Feudal EnglandRecorded history in Britain began in the year 55BC, when Julius Caesar and his Roman troops invaded the island. Between the 8th and 5th centuries BC, the Celts inhabited the island and became the dominant residents. The name Britain came from the Britons, a Celtic tribe. In 43AD, Britain subsequently became a Roman province and it remains so until the beginning of the 5th century.Many of the native Celtic were driven to the mountainous region of Scotland and Wales, which remain unconquered by the Romans. The Roans were excellent builders and they constructed towns and cities which prospered far longer than any previous settlements on the island. In 410, Germanic barbarians attacked Roman, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, which ended the Roman occupation of the island. These warriors included the Angles, the Saxons and Hutes. From that time on, English, the language of the Angles, replaced the old Celtic language as the dominant language of the land. As the Anglo-Saxon were not Roman Christian, St. Augustine was sent to Britain to convert the Anglo Saxon people in 587 with 40 missionaries. They converted many Anglo-Saxons to Roman Christians. Augustine founded a church and a monastery in Canterbury and became the first Archbishop of Canterbury in 601. By the late 7th century Roman Christianity became the dominant religion in Britain. In the 8th century the Vikings from the Scandinavian countries of Northern Europe to attack the English coast. The seven Anglo-Saxons= kingdom in England gradually united under Alfred the Grea t. In 1042, Edward the Confessor,, as a pious Christian, built Westminster Abbey, which exists today. On September 28, 1066, William crossed the channel with a formidable army. His army defeated the English army King Harold (brother in law of Edward) at the battle of Hastings. and began the Norman Conquest of England, which marked the establishment of feudalism in England.By the year 1154, Henry II, William’s great grandson, ascended the throne and thus began the rule of the House of Anjou(also known as (the House of Plantagenet). Henry II is best remembered for his reform of the courts and the laws, He improved the courts of justice, introduced the jury system and institutionalized common law. After Richard I, son of Henry II, was killed in France, his brother John ascended the throne in 1199. He was defeated in a war in France and lost Normandy in 1204. Dissatisfied with John’s leadership, the lords forced him to sign the Magna Carta(大宪法), which is regarded as the foundation of the British constitutionalism and it provides the basic principles for the protection of individual rights. P15 The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) was a series of wars between England and France over trade, territory, security and the throne. This war had significant impact on the English society. It promoted the English concept of nationalism and promoted the development of the textile industry.The War of the Roses was a series of Civil War between two great noble families: the House of York, whose badge was a white rose, and the House of Lancaster, whose badge was a red rose. Both houses battled for power, wealth and ultimately the throne. in the end , the House of Lancaster won and their leader Henry Tudor became King Henry VII and started the rule of the House of Tudor, an efficient centralized government.1. Under William’s rule, the Normans changed England to a feudal state under an absolute kingship.2. King Arthur: in 6th, the central figure of many legends about him and his Knights of round Table.3. the Magna Carta–Great Charter, a document signed in 1215 by King John, to recognize the rights of barons.4. Hundred Years’War: between England & France from 1337 to 1453 in France. French drove English partly through the inspiration of Joan of Arc (a French saint & national heroine), partly through the effective use of guns.5. Wars of the Roses: struggle for the throne of England (1455-1485)between .The houses of Lancaster, whose badge was a red rose, and York, a white rose. Impacts: the war weakened both nobility and the monarch.6. The Black Death: a deadly bubonic plague(淋巴腺鼠疫), struck Europe in middle of 14th, reached England in 1348. ½of the population died.7. Religious Revolution1) the Catholic Church:A) headed by the Pope;B) members accept the gospel of Christ and the teachings of the Bible.C) Any revolt against the traditional Christian faith was “heresy”.D) in the Middle Ages, Pope was powerful2) Protestant Church:A) whose faith and practice originated with the principles of the Reformation.B) Pope’s political power and religious authority declined in 16th, Protestant churches sprang up in Northern Europe, and in the Elizabethan age, became gradually the dominant faith.3) Henry VIII’s divorce question, married his brother’s widow, a Spanish princess, who gave a daughter, Mary, not a son.4) Bloody Mary: a devout Catholic, burnt so many protestants; succeeded by Elizabeth I.5) Elizabethan age: literary achievement, Shakespeare, an age of adventure on the sea.There was an inevitable conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the King of England who had established absolute monarchy. At that time , the only person who could grant a divorce was the Pope. So Henry VII started the Reformation movement by declaring a break with Rome. He carried out a wholesale suppression of the monasteries and declared himself to be the “only supreme head of the church( in his Act of Supremacy in 1534). The Reformation was in essence a political movement in a religious guise.Part II The English Civil War1. a bitter power struggle (1642-1648) between the monarchy and Parliament.2. the victory of the Parliament led to the execution of Charles I in 1649, and the temporary overthrow of the monarchy.3. a republic founded by Oliver Cromwell for more than ten years.4. King Charles I: divine rights to govern,Ruled without parliament, levied taxes without parliament’s approval.5. Cromwell: Roundhead leader, defeated the King Charles I.The Glorious Revolution1. in 1688, Catholic king James II fled to France.2. the throne was offered to his Protestant daughter and her husband Dutch king William.3. the Bill of Rights was passed by Parliament to restrict the power of the Monarchy.4. beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy in Britain.5. Since then every English monarch rules by permission of Parliament.6. the theories of divine or hereditary right to the throne were ended.7. Bloodless Revolution7.Background:7.1. The 18th century saw ascendancy of the middle class in the life of the nation, with the development of commerce & industry.7.2. Glorious Revolution established the authority of middle class over the crown.7.3. The union of Scotland and England into the nation of Great Britain --- the Act of Union of 1707.7.4. The Seven Years’War (1756-63) in North America (French and India War) --- which left Britain predominant in North America and in India, Britain became the world’s leading colonial power.7.5. In the 2nd half of the 18th century, the great economic and social changes were taking place in Britain --- agricultural and home-based trades and industries gradually gave way to factory-based industries with complex machinery.7.6. England was a great trade nation, with much private capital ready for investment.Not only was trade free to move throughout the British Isles, but also there was freedom of movement between the social classes. Middle class values encouraged self-reliance and enterprising initiative.7.8. Political leaders were interested in commerce. The growing population provided a market. Farmers’improved methods of cultivation freed much labor, which became available for employment in the town factories, and also increased food supplies for towns.7.9 18th century was a time of peace and stability. Foreign plunder, the newly acquired wealth after 7 years’war. Industrial Revolution first began in the textile industry, which was accelerated by important mechanical inventions ---- flying shuttle, spinning jenny, especially the steam-engine by James Watt in 1769.Results1. Factories came into being because they brought about more profits to the owners.2. New cities sprang up, population was concentrated in towns and cities.3. The power of influence of industrial capitalists grew greater.4. It gave birth a new social-economic class –proletariat who were exploited cruelly.5. It brought many economic advantages to Britain and made Britain rich and powerful.Chartist MovementThe Chartist Movement (1836-48): the industrial and commercial classes, with the support of the working classes, demanded to reform the old voting system.Exercise:Tell whether the following are true or false:1)The Magna Carts was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and thetownpeople. (-)2)The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for tradeand territory. (-)3)Westminster Abbey was built at the time of Edward the Confessor. (+)4)The Norman Conquest marked the establishment of feudalism in England. (+)5)The end of the Wars of Roses led to the rule of the House of Tudor (+)6)The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s efforts to divorce hiswife. (+)Lecture Three Government System P31A nation of Constitutional Monarchy1. The Monarch respects the Constitution.2. In law, the monarch is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature; head of the judiciary; commander-in-chief of3. In the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary became the joint rulers of Britain, and the Constitutional Monarchy began.4. The Bill of Rights which was passed in 1689 restricted the power of the monarchy.The British Constitution1.1. It is unwritten1.2. Its components include Acts of Parliament, the Prerogative of the Crown, Conventions of the Constitution, Common Law and Parliamentary Privilege.1.3. It is more flexible than the written ones in other countries.2. Conventions of the Constitution2. 1. They form an important part of the Constitution just as written laws do.2. 2. They are rules which are not written down but which everyone agrees must be followed in practice.2. 3. They include the following:1) the powers of the Crown are exercised mainly by Ministers;2) the Queen must act on the advice of Ministers;3) Ministers are responsible to parliament for their actions;4) the sovereignty of Parliament3. Common Law3. 1. It is one of the main components of the British Constitution.3. 2. It refers to the Bills which have been passed by courts.3. 3. It marked a sharp decline in powers of the Monarch.4. The Bill of Rights4. 1. It was the Bill passed by the Parliament in 1689 after the Glorious Revolution.4. 2. It laid down a number of things that future monarchs could not do.4. 3. It marked a sharp decline in powers of the Monarch.4. 4. It marked the beginning of the British Constitutional Monarchy5. General Election5. 1. General Election is held at least every five years.5. 2. The country is divided into 635 constituencies, each of which returns one Member of Parliament.5. 3. The one who has the most votes in a constituency becomes a Member of Parliament.5. 4. The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister.6. Party system in Parliament6. 1. The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister and is invited by the Queen to form a government;6. 2. The party with the next largest numbers of supporters in the Commons becomes the official Opposition to Government.6. 3. The Prime Ministers and other ministers sit on the7. Political Parties7. 1. The UK has a two-party system.7. 2. The Conservative is major right-wing party.It supports free enterprise and is generally opposed to nationalization and to extending the social services. So conservatives are those who have something to conserve and they usually hate thegreat changes in society.It believes actively in the pursuit of greater social and economic equality.The Labor Party is a party of moderate socialism in favor of Nationalization of key industries. It has always been anti-Communist, supported by some middle class and intellectuals. It is also a main party for working class people.It draws most of its support from highly urban and industrialized people.7.3 . The Liberal Party is the third largest political party since 1922.7.4. The Social Democratic Party was formed in 1981 by a small number of right-wing Labor party politicians.8. British Parliament8.1. It includes 3 elements:1) the Crown;2) the House of Lords;3) the House of Commons8.2. It is the supreme law-making authority in Britain.8.3. The real center of parliamentary power is in the House of Commons.8.4. Other functions:1) to control and criticize the executive government;2) to control the raising and the spending of money.9. The House of Lords9.1. Its members are peers, most of whom are hereditary.9.2. Its powers have been severely reduced by the Parliament Acts of 1911 and 1949.9.3. It must pass all financial legislation sent to it from the House of Commons, and can delay other Bills for only one year.9.4. It has a special judicial function.9.5. The Lord Chancellor=Speaker10. The House of Commons1). It consists of 635 elected Members of Parliament.2.) MPs have a number of privileges, eg. The freedom of speech in Parliament.3). it is by far the most powerful and important element in Parliament, therefore plays the key role in the activities of Parliament as a whole.4.) The Speaker presides over the meeting in the House of Commons.Exercise:1. Answer the following questions:1) Which of the following is just rules and practices, but don’t exist legally?A. Statutory LawB. Common LawC. Conventions2）The constitution can be altered or amended by Monarchy, so it is subjects to different bodies, like politicians, judges and scholars. right? *3) Who is the head of the executive branch ____? A. legislature, B .executive C. judiciary4) Parliament consists of the king or Queen, the house of Lords and the House of Commons. Is it right?5) Prominent bishops of the church of England are included in the House of Lords? (yes)6) What’s the legislative function of the House of Lords? to examine the revise bills.7). How often is a general election of the government held? 58). Which of the two Houses has the power of drafting new laws?9). The one important function of the House of Commons is scrutinize or restrain the actions of the government: such as checking the government ‘s estimates and budget, thus controlling expenditures.10) .What is the British government made up of?11). The Prime Minister stands on the side of the majority party and form a new Cabinet which is the center of the British political system.12). What’s the function of the Privy Council?（枢密院）as a body of advisors or to supervise the Cabinet.13). The judiciary is different among islands, Scotland has the most distinct legal system, based on Roman Law, which is the legal basis for most European countries.14). British parliament operates on a two-party system. Those believe in a strong parliament and may associated with the Protestant reformers are known as the Whig Party. Right?2. Tell whether they are true or False:1) In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. (-)2) British Parliament is the law—making body of the Commonwealth of the Nation. (-)3) The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. (-)4) The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. (+)5)Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament. (-)6) British law consists of two parties: the civil law and the criminal law (+)Lecture Four Education Media and Holidays1. Historically, education was voluntary and many British schools were set up by the church. Between the ages of 5 to 11, students mainly attend state primary schools. These schools are called co-educational or mixed schools, because they admit both boys and girls. State secondary schools take in students aged 11, after which compulsory education continues for five years until they have reached the age of 16. Cambridge has thirty-one colleges. Three are for women. Each college is an independent institution with its own property and income. The colleges appointed their own staffs and are responsible for selecting students in accordance with university regulation. Cambridge has more Nobel prize winners than any other institution in Britain. The university celebrated its 800th anniversary in 2009, marking the legacy of eight centuries and determination to remain among the world’s greatest universities. Oxford University and Cambridge University are sometimes referred to collectively as Oxbridge. Early in 1096, teaching was demonstrated in Oxford and in the following century its schools founded the University of Cambridge in the 13th century.2. MediaFor most British people, a day begins with the morning newspaper and ends with television. It is obvious that the media is central to British leisure culture. It is no exaggeration to say that the media shapes the public opinion, determines people’s moral and political orientation and consolidates or undermines the rule of a government.The Observer, which is still published every Sunday, first appeared in 1791, making it the world’s oldest national newspaper, while The Times, first published in 1785, is British’s daily newspaper. The Times, The Guardian and The Daily Telegragh are referred as British’s “Big Three”. The Times has a reputation for its cautious attitude. It often reflects the view held by the government.。
英美概况课程教学大纲(全理论的)
《英美概况》教学大纲课程名称：英美概况课程代码：04213020课程类别：公共基础课课程性质：必修总学时：64 理论学时：64先修课程：《综合英语》适用专业：应用英语、商务英语开课单位：经管学院一、课程性质、目的课程性质：《英语国家概况》是英语专业的一门知识性基础课。
本课程以英语为媒介，比较系统地向学生阐述世界主要英语国家的社会与文化背景，如地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活和文化传统等方面的基本知识。
它是英语专业学生学习英语专业其它语言基础课和在高年级阶段学习英语文学和翻译等课程的基础。
课程目的：本课程的教学目的是提高学生在跨文化语言运用过程中对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，从而改善学生的跨文化语言运用能力。
二、课程内容和学时分配第一章大不列颠与北爱尔兰简介【教学基本要求】对英国的社会及文化背景作全面概括，使学生了解英国社会和文化的过去和现在的情况。
【教学时数】 6【教学重点和难点】重点：英国社会背景文化知识介绍。
难点：英国的民族与宗教及政治体制。
【教学内容】英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士的地理、语言发展和民族特点，以及北爱尔兰地理、宗教信仰及民族独立问题。
第二章英国政府与当代政治、经济【教学基本要求】使学生认识英国的政府统治体制和议会程序及选举制度，同时了解英国当代的政治经济情况。
【教学时数】 6【教学重点和难点】重点：英国政府体制的特色；民族等级制度对人民生活的影响；英国经济发展的原因。
难点：英国政府议会选举程序。
【教学内容】1、英国君主立宪制度议会制度及内阁2、英国选举制度、政党制及政治发展趋势3、英国经济概况、农业及飞机工业的发展第三章英国的对外关系【教学基本要求】通过课文讲解使学生认识英国的发展历史、外交政策及英美两国的关系。
【教学时数】6【教学重点和难点】重点：英帝国的扩张历史；难点：对外政策的基础和对外关系发展。
【教学内容】1、大英帝国的扩张历史及现状、英国对外政策的基础和立足点2、英国与北约、欧盟等一些国际组织的关系3、英美两个资本主义大国之间的关系第四章英国社会文化与生活【教学基本要求】通过教学，让学生了解英国的教育体制和社会各阶层的生活情况。
英语国家概况
英语国家概况Introduction to the English-Speaking Countries一、基本信息课程代码：2020129课程学分：2面向专业：英语课程性质：专业基础必修课课程类型：理论教学课开课院系：外国语学院英语系使用教材：主教材：《英语国家概况》（修订第二版），温洪瑞主编，首都经济贸易大学出版社，2011参考教材：《英语国家概况学习手册》，王恩铭主编，上海外语教育出版社，2012《英语国家概况》，谢福之著，外语教学与研究出版社，2007《英语国家概况》，余志远主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2005《英语国家社会与文化入门》，朱永涛、王立礼主编，高等教育出版社，2011《英国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007《美国历史重大事件及著名人物》（英汉对照），郝澎编著，海南出版社，2007 先修课程：《基础英语(1-3)》二、课程简介英语国家概况是一门专业知识性课程，其目的通过向英语专业的学生介绍一些主要英语国的地理、历史、政治、经济以及文化风俗等方面的内容，提高其对英语主要国家的社会和人文等方面的认识，培养学生的跨文化交际能力，同时也可以促进加强学生的语言学习。
本课程的开设有助于拓宽学生的人文知识面和国际视野，全面提高学生的素质。
同时本课程也为相当一部分英语专业的学生毕业后从事涉外工作或跨文化交际工作打下必要的理论基础。
三、选课建议本课程为英语本科专业必修课，适合对二年级第二学期学生开设；要求学生具有较扎实的语言基本功（4000左右的英语词汇量、较好的英语阅读理解能力）。
四、课程基本要求通过本课程的学习，学生应当对于世界主要英语国家在地理概况、气候特征、行政区划、历史由来、民族构成、社会变迁、政治制度、教育、宗教、文化等几个方面有初步的了解，并具备就相应主题用英语进行基本交流的语言能力。
五、课程内容第一部分大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国（英国）第一章理解国家名称；知道地理位置和面积、地形；知道河流和湖泊、海岸线、气候；知道自然资源。
主要英语国家概况说课稿(优秀版)word资料
主要英语国家概况说课稿（优秀版）word资料尊敬的各位专家，领导，全体同行：大家好！今天我所选择的说课教材为，《主要英语国家概况》--- 主编谢福之外语教学与研究出版社20XX年八月出版。
我的说课分为如下几部分：一．课程目标二．课程在人才培养方案中的地位三．课程资源四．课程设计实施五．课程评价六．课程建设和改革思路课程目标《主要英语国家概况》是我院应用英语专业必修课；课程类别是专业课。
了解主要英语国家的地理概况；了解这些国家的气候特点；了了解人口分布及风土人情。
熟悉主要英语国家的政体及政治制度、对外尤其是对华；熟悉这些国家的文化发展状况。
掌握主要英语国家的经济发展模式、经济体制及；掌握政体的更迭对国家经济的影响；掌握文化差异对政治的影响。
掌握主要英语国家概况，具备对外交际，谈判时对对方自然状况及价值取向的预判能力。
通过学习，提高学生听力水平，使学生在涉外交流中，充分理解对方表述意图，正确判断对方目的，在涉外交际中不卑不亢，学会感恩、如何与人沟通及合作，培养学生树立正确的人生观和价值观。
课程在人才培养方案中的地位一．人才培养方案简介我院应用英语专业人才培养方案本专业人才培养方案是根据省教育厅下发的教育部《关于制订高职高专教育专业教学计划的原则意见》和学院《关于修订07级专业人才培养方案的指导意见》的精神，并结合行业实际岗位对本专业人才的需要及应用英语专业的特点，以社会需要为依据，按照职业岗位群对高级应用型专业人才培养的要求，制定本方案。
（一）、指导思想1. 全面贯彻的教育方针，遵循新时期国家对高职教育要求，以服务为宗旨，以就业为导向，走产学结合的发展道路，培养适应生产、建设、服务和管理第一线需要的高技能人才，实现专业设置与市场需求零距离，人才培养与就业岗位零距离，在校生培养标准与企业用人标准零距离。
2. 贯彻落实学院“订单式”人才培养模式的意见，把握“一个核心，突出两个重点，构建三个体系”，即以素质教育为核心，突出专业技能培养，突出职业能力培养；构建素质教育体系，理论教学体系，实践教学体系。
英语国家概况-文档资料
3. Major Cities — London
❖ the capital of England and of Great Britain ❖ the political center of the Commonwealth ❖ a major port ❖ one of the world's leading banking and financial
Ben Nevis in Scotland — the highest point in UK
Wales: It’s mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous
than North and Mid Wales.
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly.
and restoration ❖ has recently become one of the most fashionable
cities in the United Kingdom.
22
Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff
Cardiff City Hall
23
Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff
❖ The Irish people were also Celtic in origin ❖ immigrants
28
Percentage of total UK Population
Ethinc Groups
❖ White British ❖ White Irish ❖ White (other) ❖ Mixed race ❖ Indian ❖ Pakistani ❖ Bengali ❖ Other Asian (non-Chinese) ❖ Black Caribbean ❖ Black African ❖ Black (others) ❖ Chinese ❖ Other
英语国家概况
《英语国家概况》课程标准一、课程定位《英语国家概况》是高职应用英语专业学生的专业知识必修课。
本课程的设置是为了使学生了解英美等几个主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯和社会生活的其它情况，以提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生的跨文化交际能力；加深对语言的理解，提高分析和批判的能力；提高学生的思想道德素质、文化素质和心理素质。
为学生毕业后所从事的中小学英语教学工作打下扎实的英语文化基础知识和英语语言应用能力。
前导课程是《语音》课程、《精读》、《听说》等语言基础课程，通过这些课程的学习使学生具备扎实的英语听、说、读等基本功底，掌握英语的基本知识、为《英语国家概况》的学习打下基础。
后续课程是《商务礼仪》、《英美文学》和《英美文学欣赏》。
二、课程教学目标本课程的教学目标是使本专业学生了解六个主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯和社会生活的其它情况，使学生养成不断联系当前实际，密切关注国际局势的习惯，并能迅速准确地查阅资料，在储备丰富背景知识的同时，巩固和提高英语水平。
1、知识目标：系统了解英美国家的地理、历史、政治、经济、文化等知识。
理解和掌握英美国家重要历史变革、重要人物、政治体制、经济政策。
分析中西文化的差异，深刻理解洋为中用，求同存异的思想。
2、能力目标：进一步扎实学生的英语基础，扩大词汇量，扩大阅读量，用英语进行展示和演讲，学以致用，加强语言表达的流利性和准确性。
能运用英语讨论和讲解地理、历史等相关的学科知识。
能运用英语分析和阐述与生活紧密相关的政治、经济和文化等问题，培养良好的思辨能力。
3、素质目标：增强学生们对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性，及处理这些文化差异的灵活性。
渗透了积极向上的西方人文思想，有利提升学生的人文素养，培养学生独立自信、诚信守法、回报社会的良好操守。
在学习中学会合作，具有团队精神和协作精神，有利于建立良好的师生关系、同事关系、客户关系。
(完整word版)英语国家概况答案(word文档良心出品)
英语作业答案Unit 1Ⅰ.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T) 英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
2. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F) British3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F)4. In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom. (F) 英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5. The longest river of Britain originates in Wales. (T) The River Severn:赛文河6. Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. (T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest.A.EnglandB. ScotlandC.WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish6. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation7. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. One thirdD. one fifthIII. Give brief answers to the following questions·1. What is the full name of the U.K.?The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death(黑死病)?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1. who are British people?The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants from many former Commonwealth(共和国) countries from every part of the world, and the British people are also composed of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.2. What is Standard English?Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England; it is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. Is has developed and has been promoted as a model for the correct British English. It is also the norm(标准) carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.Unit 2I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. (T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC. (T)3. The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe—the Britons. (T)4. The Anglo—Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century. (T) (不考)5. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will. (F)6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. (T)7. Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France (T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. (F)9. The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory. (F)10. in an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions，Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation. (T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1．The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410．A．Norman B．DanishC．Celtic D．Germanic2．By the late 7th century，became the dominant religion in England．A．Celtic Christianity B．Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC．Germanic Christianity D．Roman Christianity3．Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂) was built at the time of .A．St．Augustine B．Edward the Confessor(忏悔者爱德华)C．William the Conqueror D．Alfred the Great4．The marked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度) in England．A．Viking invasion B．signing of the Magna CartaC．Norman Conquest D．Adoption of common law5．The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A．the House of Valois B．the House of YorkC．the House of Tudor(都铎楼) D．the House of Lancaster出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利·都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6．The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’S effort to .A．divorce his wife B．break with RomeC．support the Protestants D．declare his supreme power over the church 7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A．Protestants and Puritans B．Royalists and ParliamentariansC．nobles and peasants D．aristocrats and Christians8．was passed after the Glorious Revolution(光荣革命)．A．Bill of Rights B．Act of SupremacyC．Provisions of Oxford D．Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20th 10．Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20thIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1. What are the two components of the British parliament?2. What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?3. What were the two camps in Europe in World WarⅠ?4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World WarⅡ? Answers:1. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a qua rter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.3. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the OttomanEmpire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?Answers:1. The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked the beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global pop ulation and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World WarⅠ, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain’s colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.Unit4 Politics and Government of UKI．Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False．1．Conventions(党代会) are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government．F2．The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history．F3．In reality，the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers．F 4．British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations(英联邦国家)．F5．Lords Spiritual(上议院神职议员) and Lords Temporal(上议院世俗议员) are all members in the British Upper House(上议院).T6．The members in the House of Commons(下议院) are appointed rather than elected．F 上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。
英语国家概况课程标准
《英语国家概况》课程标准一、课程基本信息二、课程性质与定位英语国家概况是英语专业基础阶段的一门专业选修课，也是进一步学习英美两国社会与文化的入门课程。
为了培养应用型英语专业人才、提高英语专业学生的语言综合运用能力和跨文化交际能力，特开设本课程。
本课程是英语专业人才培养的有机组成部分。
本课程可以使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、政治、经济、社会与文化概貌，熟悉主要英语国家的国情、社会和文化，掌握英语交际中有关英语国家概况的专有名词和常识，有效地提高英语专业学生的跨文化交际能力和综合素质。
三、课程目标1.知识目标了解英语国家的主要国情，掌握地理历史、政治经济、社会文化和教育等方面的基本常识2.能力目标能初步听懂、看懂和交流文化等方面的信息3.素质目标了解多元文化和中外文化差异，提高对不同文化的敏感度和跨文化交际意识与能力四、主要内容和要求英国部分第一章 The Country【目的要求】1、掌握国名、领土、国旗、国歌、国际地位、组成部分2、熟悉邻国、临海3、了解地形、河流、湖泊、海岸线、气候【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Position and Borders2、Topography3、Rivers, lakes and Coastline【自学内容】1、Components2、Climate第二章 The People【目的要求】1、掌握英国人的血统（祖先）；重要专有名词和代表性名词2、熟悉英国人的人口构成和语言构成；英国的阶级结构3、了解英国人的身份【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Ethnic Composition2、Linguistic Composition3、Class Structure【自学内容】1、Demographic Composition2、The British Identity第三章 History【目的要求】1、掌握重要历史事件和历史人物的专有名词2、熟悉重要历史事件和历史人物的产生背景3、了解重要历史事件和历史人物的历史意义【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Early Britain2、Medieval Britain(1066-1485)3、Transition to the Modern Age(1485-1688)4、The age of Empire(1689-1901)【自学内容】1、Britain since 19012、Britain since World War II第四章 Government and Politics 【目的要求】1、掌握议会的构成；选举2、熟悉英国君主的作用；政府的构成3、了解宪法【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、The Constitution and the Monarchy2、Parliament3、Government4、Political Party and Elections【自学内容】1、The Constitution2、The Local Government第五章 Judiciary【目的要求】1、掌握司法系统的常识2、熟悉法庭制度；司法程序3、了解法律行业；英国警察【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、The Court System2、Judicial Proceedings3、The Legal Profession4、Law and Order【自学内容】1、The Rule of Law2、Sources of Law第六章 Economy【目的要求】1、掌握各行业的常识和代表性名词2、熟悉经济发展史；工业、农业、制造业、金融和贸易、交通和通讯等概况3、了解劳资双方【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Economic History2、Industries【自学内容】1、Labour第七章 Social Services【目的要求】1、掌握社会福利事业的常识2、熟悉英国家庭的发展趋势；国民医疗保健制度；3、了解个人社会服务；住房【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Family2、Social Security and the National Health Service【自学内容】1、Personal Service2、Housing第八章 Religion【目的要求】1、掌握宗教方面的专有名词和代表性名词2、熟悉英国国教3、了解宗教历史【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Religious History2、The Church of England【自学内容】1、The Church of Scotland2、The Roman Catholic Church第九章 Education 【目的要求】1、掌握英国中小学教育的学制2、熟悉高等教育3、了解继续教育和培训【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Primary and Secondary Education2、Higher Education【自学内容】1、Further Education and Training2、Science and Technology第十章Way of Life （自学）【目的要求】1、掌握专有名词和代表性名词；文化常识2、熟悉英国人的休闲趋势；产生于英国的运动3、了解艺术与媒体【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【自学内容】1、Leisure Activities2、Sporting Activities3、Art and the Media美国部分第一章 The Country 【目的要求】1、掌握美国主要地形、气候特点和区域特点2、熟悉地理专有名词3、了解地形、气候形成的原因【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Physical Features2、Cultural Geography【自学内容】1、Notes/Explanations第二章 History【目的要求】1、掌握重要历史事件和历史人物的专有名词2、熟悉重要历史事件和历史人物的产生背景3、了解重要历史事件和历史人物的历史意义【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、American Life from 1607 to the Civil War2、American Life from the Civil War to 19453、America since1945【自学内容】1、Notes/Explanations第三章 The American Identity（自学）【目的要求】1、掌握美国“移民国家”的特点；主流文化；2、熟悉黑人、西班牙裔的拉丁美洲人、亚裔和美洲土著人在美国的特点3、了解少数民族在美国的历史【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Europeans2、Black Americans,Latinos,Asian Americans and Native Americans 【自学内容】1、Notes/Explanations第四章 Political Institutions【目的要求】1、掌握美国国会、总统和联邦司法的职能；两大政党2、熟悉总统大选；制约与平衡原则；三权分立制3、了解两大政党的特点【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、The American System of Government2、Political Parties and Political Elections【自学内容】1、Notes/Explanations第五章 Economy【目的要求】1、掌握美国经济的特点2、熟悉农业、工业、制造业和服务业的特点；经济发展史3、了解工人和工会【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、A Historical Perspective2、Agriculture,Industry and Service【自学内容】1、Labour and Labour Union2、Notes/Explanations第六章 Social Services（自学）【目的要求】1、掌握代表性名词2、熟悉美国社会福利事业的特点3、了解社会保障、福利计划、志愿者服务、医疗服务和住房【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【自学内容】1、Public Social Services, Voluntary Services, Health Care Services2、Housing第七章 The Legal System【目的要求】1、掌握美国人喜欢通过打官司解决争端，美国的法律从业人数最多；美国法院的构成2、熟悉刑法、民法和法庭诉讼程序3、了解犯罪与惩罚【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、The court structure2、Criminal law,civil law, and court proceedings【自学内容】1、Crime and Punishment第八章 Education（自学）【目的要求】1、掌握教育属于各州自己的事务，义务教育因州而异，但一般包括中小学阶段；美国中小学学制2、熟悉美国学院与大学的区别；美国大学的分类3、了解美国教育的目标和目的【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Elementary and Secondary Education2、Higher Education【自学内容】1、Goals and Purposes of Education第九章 Religion in American Life【目的要求】1、掌握宗教在美国影响广泛；政教分离；“In God We Trust”,“city upon ahill”,“God’s Chosen People”,the Promised Land,Puritanism,Protestantism, Catholicism,Judaism,Islam, Buddhism, Zenism等专有名词2、熟悉美国比其他西方国家信教人数多；宗教（如罗马天主教、新教和犹太教）在美国形成与发展的历史过程中有重要意义；宗教对美国政治和公众生活的影响3、了解宗教的世俗化趋势【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Introduction2、“In God We Trust”【自学内容】1、Church, State and Politics3、Secularization and Evangelicalism第十章 Private Life in America（自学）【目的要求】1、掌握生活中各种事务的表达2、熟悉美国人的购物、住房、家务活、各种室外活动、运动3、了解美国的足球和棒球运动【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【自学内容】1、House and Home2、Outside the Home3、Sports加拿大【目的要求】1、掌握重要专有名词和代表性名词；常识性问题2、熟悉人种；教育；生活方式和文化3、了解地理；历史；政治制度；经济贸易【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Geographical Features2、People3、History4、Education【自学内容】1、Economy2、Politics3、Way of life and Culture澳大利亚【目的要求】1、掌握重要专有名词和代表性名词2、熟悉自然地理特征；植物群和动物群；气候；人口特征3、了解历史；经济贸易；政治制度【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Physical Features2、Flora and Fauna3、The People and History4、Education【自学内容】1、Economy2、Politics3、Way of life and Culture新西兰【目的要求】1、掌握重要专有名词和代表性名词；常识性问题2、熟悉人种；教育；生活方式和文化3、了解地理；历史；政治制度；经济贸易【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Geographical Features2、People3、History4、Education【自学内容】1、Economy2、Politics3、Way of life and Culture爱尔兰【目的要求】1、掌握重要专有名词和代表性名词；常识性问题2、熟悉人种；教育；生活方式和文化3、了解地理；历史；政治制度；经济贸易【教学设计建议】多媒体辅助课堂教学【讲授内容】1、Geographical Features2、People3、History4、Education【自学内容】1、Economy2、Politics3、Way of life and Culture五、学时分配建议表六、实施建议1、教学组织各任课教师可根据所带班级实际情况适当调整教学侧重点。
英语国家概况完整篇复习重点Word版
英语国家概况Chapter 1 Land and People第一章英国的国土与人民I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。
4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
英语国家概况大纲
《英语国家概况》课程教学大纲A Survey of the English-speaking Countries课程负责人：宋力英执笔人：高丽娜编写日期：2012 年5 月课程编号：06010210课程类别：专业课课程性质：限选课学时：34（理论34）学分：1.5适用专业：英语一、课程教学目标及学生能达到的能力《英语国家概况》是一门集英语国家背景知识和英语语言知识为一体的英语专业必修课程，旨在向学生介绍主要英语国家的历史、社会和文化等背景知识，拓宽其知识面，帮助学生了解英、美国家的地理、历史、文化、社会生活与政治体系概貌，使学生从上述五个角度更加深刻地理解和掌握所学语言知识和技能，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。
二、课程教学内容与基本要求Chapter 1 Philosophy of Western Civilization(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the outline of western philosophy, understand different trends and memorize important figures and historical facts.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the outline of western philosophy and understand its core values.2. Learn different trends and the representative philosophers.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The outline of western philosophy2. Greek rationalism，Plato and Aristotle3. Renaissance4. Modern trends难点：1. Greek rationalism and its influence on western culture2. Renaissance3. Pragmatism(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the structure of western philosophy and philosophers by PPT.2. Learning quotations of these philosophers and help students to understand their ideas.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§1-1 Introduction§1-2 Greek Rationalism§1-3 The Middle Ages§1-4 The Renaissance§1-5 Modern Philosophy§1-6 Modern Philosophical Trends§1-7 SummaryChapter 2 Geography of the United Kingdom(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the general features of British geography, the key feature --- water and four political regions, and memorize important terms and figures.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the general features of British geography and four political regions.2. Learn geographical history and the Commonwealth.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The general features of British geography2. Four political regions3. Water system4. The Commonwealth难点：1. Topography of the UK2. Geographical features of Scotland and England3. The geographical history(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the topography and four political regions by PPT.2. Helping students understand the features of British geography by a lot of pictures, evenvideos.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§2-1 Introduction§2-2 General Characteristics of the UK§2-3 Water: the Key Geographical Features§2-4 Geographical History§2-5 Surface Features and Geography --- by Political Region§2-6 Current Situation§2-7 CommonwealthChapter 3 History of the United Kingdom(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the course of British history and the basic historical facts, and memorize important terms and key points.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the basic historical facts about British history.2. Remember key figures and key points in British history.3. Learn and remember the terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The course of British history2. Major historical events: the Civil War, the Reformation, the Glorious Revolution, theIndustrial Revolution, the First and the Second World Wars.3. Important historical figures4. The definition of important terms难点：1. The bourgeois revolution and the Reformation2. The British Empire and its decline3. The definition of important terms(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the course of British history and major historical events.2. Understanding historical events by learning the life of the important historical figures.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§3-1 Prehistory to the Norman Conquest§3-2 The Making of a Nation: From the Norman Conquest to the Renaissance§3-3 The Tudors: Sea Power and Protestantism§3-4 Founding of the British Empire§3-5 England in Revolution: Representative and Constitutional Government§3-6 England in the Eighteenth Century: The Age of Reason§3-7 Napoleonic Wars and a Century of Slow Reforms§3-8 Nineteenth Century Imperialism§3-9 Twentieth-Century England: Crisis of IdentityChapter 4 British Economy(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the characteristics and development of British economy, understand the present economic policies and memorize important data.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics and system of British economy.2. Understanding economic dictators and basic economic structure.3. Memorize important data.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The characteristics and system of British economy2. The economic dictators and basic economic structure3. Taxation and other economic policies难点：1. Economic dictators2. Industrial structure3. Economic policies(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the structure of British economy and important economic dictators by pictures and charts.2. Helping students understand characteristics of British economy by examples of world-famous brands or products.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§4-1 Introduction§4-2 Highlights of Britain's Economic Development§4-3 Britain's Prosperity Today§4-4 Britain's Economic System: A Unique Mix§4-5 Consumer Expenditure§4-6 Industrial Structure and Output§4-7 International Trade§4-8 Taxation and Public Spending§4-9 Economic PolicyChapter 5 British Culture(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the meaning of culture and the characteristics of British culture. Remember the representatives and major schools in British art, literature and music.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics of British culture.2. Learn representatives and major schools in British art, literature, and music.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The outline of British culture2. British arts, media, literature, social customs, sports and religion3. Representatives and their achievements难点：1. British arts and literature2. Religion(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the components of British culture by PPT.2. Learn representatives and their achievements by pictures and videos.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§5-1 Introduction§5-2 The British People --- General Traits§5-3 Entertainment§5-4 ConclusionChapter 6 British Education(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the history and characteristics of British education, acknowledge a profile of British higher education and memorize important terms.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the history and characteristics of British education.2. Acknowledging the basic information of British higher education.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The history and characteristics of British education.2. The British higher education.难点：1. The history of Britain education2. Higher education and elite universities(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the history of British education using demonstrations and charts on PPT.2. Helping students grasp the outline of British higher education by introducing world-famous colleges and universities.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§6-1 Introduction§6-2 Medieval England---Church and Class§6-3 Renaissance Education§6-4 Eighteenth Century---What Is Correct English§6-5 Nineteenth Century---Class Struggle and Change§6-6 Twentieth Century---Reform, Socialism and Conservatism§6-7 ConclusionChapter 7 Geography of the United States(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the general features of American geography, the physiographic subdivisions, energy and mineral resources, and memorize important terms and figures.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the general features of American geography and physiographic subdivisions.2. Learn geographical history, energy and resources.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The general features of American geography2. Physiographic subdivisions3. Living patterns难点：1. Topography of the US2. Physiographic subdivisions3. The geographical history(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the topography and Physiographic subdivisions by PPT.2. Helping students understand the features of British geography by a lot of pictures, even videos.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§7-1 Introduction§7-2 Economic Activities§7-3 Rural, Suburban and Urban Living Patterns§7-4 Physiographic Subdivisions of the United States§7-5 Geologic Processes Shape the Nations Physical and Human Geography§7-6 Energy and Mineral Resources Required for a Modern Society§7-7 Summary: The United States---“A Land of Contrasts”Chapter 8 History of the United States(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the course of American history and the basic historical facts, and memorize important terms and key points.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the basic historical facts about American history.2. Remember key figures and key points in American history.3. Learn and remember the terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The course of American history2. Major historical events: the Independence War, the founding of the new nation, the Civil War, the Industrial Revolution, the First and the Second World Wars, the post-war period.3. Important historical figures4. The definition of important terms难点：1. The Independence War and the founding of the new nation.2. The Capitalism and Monopolies3. The definition of important terms(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the course of American history and major historical events.2. Understanding historical events by learning the life of the important historical figures.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§8-1 Introduction§8-2 Native Americans§8-3 Colonial North America§8-4 The Founding of the United States§8-5 Forming A New Nation§8-6 Nationalism and the Economy Westward Expansion§8-7 The Industrial Revolution and Social Reforms§8-8 The American Civil War and Reconstruction§8-9 Industrialization，Capitalism，and Monopolies§8-10 The United States Becomes a World Power§8-11 The Post World War I Period§8-12 World War Ⅱ§8-13 The Post World War Period (1945- 1989)§8-14 Modern Times§8-15 ConclusionChapter 9 Britain and American Government(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the basic structure and departments of British and American governments, the similarities and differences between the two governments, and memorize important terms and key points.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the basic structure of British and American governments.2. Understand the features and functions of departments in the governments.3. Learn and remember the terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The basic structure and departments of British and American governments2. The similarities and difference3. Important political figures4. The definition of important terms难点：1. The core principles and structure of British and American governments2. The Checks and Balances3. The definition of important terms(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the structure of British and American governments by charts.2. Understanding the checks and balances by charts.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§9-1 Introduction§9-2 Politics§9-3 Political Legitimacy§9-4 Absolutism and Constitutionalism§9-5 Democracy§9-6 Indirect or Representative Democracy§9-7 Elections§9-8 The Assembly Model§9-9 ConclusionChapter 10 The Economy of the United States(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the characteristics and development of American economy, understand the present economic policies and memorize important data.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics and system of American economy.2. Understanding economic dictators and basic economic structure.3. Memorize important data.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The characteristics and system of American economy2. The economic dictators and basic economic structure3. Taxation and other economic policies难点：1. Economic dictators2. Industrial structure3. Economic policies(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the structure of American economy and important economic dictators by pictures and charts.2. Helping students understand characteristics of British economy by examples of world-famous brands or products.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§10-1 Introduction§10-2 Introduction and Overview§10-3 History and Growth§10-4 Commercial and Nonprofit Firms§10-5 Households§10-6 Government and the Economy§10-7 International Trade§10-8 Problems and Challenges for the U.S. EconomyChapter 11 American Society(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the characteristics of American society, understand the social conventions and values, and memorize important data.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics of American society.2. Understanding conventions and values.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The characteristics and system of American society2. The conventions and values难点：1. The conventions and values2. Social problems3. Race and ethnicity(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the characteristics of American society and social conventions by pictures and charts.2. Helping students understand American values by instances and cases.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§11-1 Introduction§11-2 Individuals§11-3 Families§11-4 Groups§11-5 Organizations§11-6 Socioeconomic Classes, Status and Roles§11-7 Race and Ethnicity§11-8 Other Social IssuesChapter 12 American Culture(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the meaning of culture and the characteristics of American culture. Remember the features and main points in American food, manners and holidays.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics of American culture.2. Learn features and main points in American food, manners and holidays.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. The outline of American culture2. American food, manners and holidays, social customs, sports and religion难点：1. Materialism2. Religion3. Manners(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the components of American culture by PPT.2. Learn manners and holidays by pictures and videos.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§12-1 Introduction§12-2 Materialism and the Mass Media§12-3 Individual Style and Personal Rites of Passage§12-4 Manners§12-5 Food and Meals§12-6 Pets§12-7 Housing§12-8 Leisure Activities§12-9 HolidaysChapter 13 British Education(一)教学目的和任务Students should grasp the characteristics of American education, acknowledge a profile of American basic and higher education and memorize important terms.(二)教学基本要求1. Grasp the characteristics of American education.2. Acknowledging the basic information of American basic and higher education.3. Memorize important terms.(三)教学重点和难点重点：1. American basic education2. American higher education难点：1. The characteristics of Britain education2. Higher education and elite universities(四)教学建议与说明1. Presenting students with the characteristics of American education using demonstrations and charts on PPT.2. Helping students grasp the outline of American higher education by introducingworld-famous colleges and universities.3. Asking students to make a presentation.(五)教学内容§13-1 Introduction§13-2 Issues in American Basic Education§13-3 Higher Education§13-4 Conclusion三、习题、课程讨论及要求英美概况课程要求学生在课余进行英美国家文化相关资料搜索和整理，课堂授课以理论和知识讲授，学生讨论和总结汇报相结合的方式进行，学生还要通过一定的学习和广泛阅读完成对文化热点问题的相关学期论文。
英语国家概况课程标准
英语国家概况课程标准The English-speaking countries, also known as Anglophone countries, are those where English is the primary language. These countries are diverse in terms of culture, history, and geography, but they share a common language that has become a global lingua franca. In this document, we will explore the key aspects of the English-speaking countries, including their demographics, history, culture, and education systems.Demographics。
The English-speaking countries are home to a diverse range of people, with a variety of ethnicities, religions, and languages. The largest of these countries, the United States, has a population of over 300 million people, while smaller countries like New Zealand have populations of just a few million. Despite their differences, these countries are united by their use of the English language, which serves as a common bond among their citizens.History。
英美概况课程标准
英语国家概况课程标准一、课程概述（一）课程性质本课程介绍主要英语国家(包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和爱尔兰)社会文化综合背景知识，使学生了解目的语国家的社会文化背景，同时深化学生英语语言基础、提高语言运用能力。
教学内容包括主要英语国家（以英美为主）的地理、历史、经济、政体、教育、民俗、宗教等领域。
本课程为英语专业各阶段各门课程提供英语国家社会文化背景知识，促进各门课程之间的互动和交融，加深学生对英语语言、文学及文化的理解和掌握。
本课程是英语专业课程体系中专业学习领域必修课程。
（二）课程定位本课程旨在使学生了解主要英语国家的历史、地理、社会、经济、教育等方面的情况及其文化传统，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。
本课程为美国、英国文化课程体系中的基础课程，为学生此后学习高级英语、翻译、跨文化交际等课程奠定基础，同时为文学、翻译、语言专业课程提供必备的文化背景知识，有助于相关课程的学习。
前导课程：基础阶段的语言知识和语言技能课程。
后续课程：英美文学，西方文化概论，跨文化交际，翻译等。
（三）课程设计思路本课程以启发学生的学习自主性、分析思考的能动性、和在知识积累基础上的创造性为导向，以认识和解读英语国家社会与文化为切入点，深化语言学习与文化学习的内涵关联，提升学习语言的实效和在实践中的应用能力。
在具体教学实施中，通过把本课程中所要求掌握的国家社会和文化等基础背景知识按相关过程分成若干项目，通过课堂作业，讨论以及学生展示的方法，使学生能够分析和对照英美文化与中国文化间的差异，从而掌握在跨文化交际过程中培养较好的表达能力。
本课程总学时48学时，3学分。
二、课程目标（一）课程工作任务目标通过对本课程教学，培养学生具有一定的创新思维能力、分析问题解决问题的能力，培养学生的国际视野，扩大知识面，弥补文化背景知识的不足，为大学阶段的英语专业课学习和以后的英语相关工作打下良好基础。
英语国家概况教案(总)Word版
Teaching Plan of The Society and Culture of Major English–speaking Countries Course material: The Society and Culture of Major English –speaking CountriesAn IntroductionTeaching Objectives:To introduce the society and culture of major English–speaking countries : the United States ,Canada ,the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and New ZealandThe main task for the course: to help students to know the major English–speaking countries’ the general knowledge about thePhysical geographyHistoryLanguage, customs, religion and activities and social problemsPolitical systemEducationArts and literatureEconomyTeaching Methods:general introduction /brief account (of focal points/ a survey )by the teacher ; students’individual work; pair-work; group-work in 4-6 students, analysis of difficult points by the teacher;show maps ; play video or film concerning with the corresponding cultureslink with websitesTime Allotmentgeneral introduction /brief account (of focal points/ a survey )by the teacher in the first step; students read the text or extra materials to discuss the focal points in the second stepplay video o/ film or link websites to explore the more culture in the third stepThe United States of AmericaChapter 1 American BeginningFocal PointsMeaning of the being an American according to CrevecoeurTwo immigration movements to the AmericasThe religious ReformationThe forces that brought about the modern development of EuropeThe heritage of the settlement of VirginianPuritanism and the influence of Puritanism on American cultureWilliam Penn and his heritage in American cultureThe Causes and major leader of the American revolutionThe Declaration of IndependenceI.Meaning of the being an American according to CrevecoeurIn the book , Letters from an American Former, the French theology Grevecoeur , posed the American was a new man with the strange mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants. This mew man left behind him all the ancient European traditions and received new ones in the new world . In North America, all individuals of all nations ,were melted into a new race of the American . This new man acted upon new principles, entertained new ideas and formed new options.II.Two immigration movements to the AmericasThe American continents were peopled as result of two long continuing immigration movements ,the first from Asia ,and the second from Europe and Africa.III. The forces that brought about the modern development of Europe1.the d evelopment of capitalism( economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit ,rather than by the state), the growth of capitalism produced two new classes – the bourgeois class and the working class;2.the Renaisance (the period of the revival of art and literature in the 14th ,15th and16th centuries based on classical form),which was marked by a changing outlook on life .3.the influential force was the Religious Reformationin 1517 ,Martin Luther, started to reform the Catholic Church in England ,King Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and set up the Church of England, These reforms reflected the rise of nationalism in Europe.IV.The heritage of the settlement of Virginianin 1619 ,the delegates elected from various communities in Virginia as the House of Burgesses met with the governor and his council members to discuss the enactment of law for the colony. This the first meeting of an elected legislature ,a reprehensive assembly. It was thought to be the early embryonic form for the future democracy of the U.S.And a Dutch ship brought over 20 Negroes into Virginia , a start had been made toward the enslavement of Africans within what was to be the American republic. These white people fought for seeking their own freedom ,meanwhile they deprived black African freedomWhat happened here produced the American early culture: self-reliance; democracy; freedom V. Puritanism and the influence of Puritanism on American cultureIn New England, these Puritans were the Protestants who followed the doctrine preached by John Calvin and they wanted to purify the Church of England. They had some different beliefs from the Catholic Church .They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church or good works could save people.The sign of being God's elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God's will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture. Puritans’ legacies have a great impact on American society and culture. They have a kind of sense of mission: they hoped to built “ a city upon hill –an ideal community ”.Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nation a strain of often intolerant moralism. This produce American values such as individualism, hard work , respect of education .Catholic MarylandFollowing the early American culture in Virginia and New England , the pattern in the colony of Maryland was founded by Catholics. The founder was the second Lord Baltimore, he carried his father’s will ,who was converted from Church of England to Roman Catholicism, to wish to introduce a feudal system similar to the manor system in Europe to his colony. Even though he encouraged the immigration of Protestants as well as Roman Catholics ,due to the various factors in the New Land ,because the Protestants majority were capitalistic-minded people and refused to carry out the feudal plan, and because the wilderness of North America provided plenty of land while labor was scarce, the feudal experimental plan was dropped ,the colony followed acapitalist development roadVI. William Penn and his heritage in American cultureWilliam Penn was an English Quaker, the founder of Quakerism,who wanted to establish a colony for persecuted fellow religious believers. He assured religious freedom and easy terms for land in Pennsylvania to those Europeans who wished to settle in his colony. In his Holy Experiment, he encouraged the spirit of liberty and equality and carried out the policy of separation of state and church. He set no restrictions on immigration and naturalization was made easy for non-English Europeans. The idea of Melting –pot was first practiced here (p 16 ,Note 60).All this has left rich heritage to American culture: liberty and equalityThose four patterns set by the early colonial leaders were filled with meanings for the future development of the AmericanVII. The Causes of American revolution and major leadersAfter the Seven Year’s War between England and France , Britain won , the Peace of Paris was signed between them , which gave Britain title to Canada and all of North America east of the Mississippi River, This led directly to a conflict with its American colony.Stamp Act was passed ,British government charged new taxes on sugar , coffee , textiles and other imported goods; and With passage of the Stamp Act special tax stamps had to be attached to all news- papers ,pamphlets, legal documents and licensesThe Quartering Act passed, the colonies to house and feed British soldiers.major leadersGeorge Washington, Thomas Jefferson, (John Adams),Benjamin FranklinVIII. T he Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and was adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of governments: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingTwo Treatises of Government, the Letters Concerning Toleration, The Reasonableness of Christianity and Some Thoughts Concerning Education.Unit 4 the United States Political SystemFocal Points(Note: P=page, L-Par.=last paragraph , F- Par.=first paragraph )Discuss "The Patriot"Points of Discussion - American BeginningsThe Political System of the USA:The Results of the War of Independence (p 44 L-par , p52 F-paragraph )The Results of the Constitutional ConventionThe background of the making of the U.S. Constitution(p53 Par2, 54 Par1,2 )Par2, s 1,2) and the two fear in writing the Constitution((p55 par2,3,4)The three branches of the federal government and their functionThe reasons for checks and balanceThe Bill of Rights (p 58 L-Par)Political partiesOverview of the United States Political SystemThe US is the oldest continuous democracy in the world. It was established in 1789, although not all features of the system were as democratic as they are now.Key Facts•The US is a Federal system. This means that power is divided between a central/national government and the States. The national government is referred to as the Federal Government.•There are 50 States. (A complete list is here. The list of original 13 States is here.)•The Federal Government has three branches/arms:o Legislative Brancho Executive Brancho Judicial Branch•The Legislative Branch consists of:o House of Representativeso Senate•The Executive Branch consists of:o The Presidento The Cabineto The Federal Departments and Agencies•The Judicial Branch consists of:o The Supreme Courto Other Federal Courts•The partiesI. The background of the making of the U.S. Constitution and the ConstitutionAfter the war of Independence was over ,the Treaty of Paris recognized the independence of the U.S. and the former 13 British colonies became 13 states of the new nation . But the U.S. was not the one unified nation as it is today .According to the Declaration of Independence the 13 states were the united colonies ,otherwise they were not clear about :the future political system of the U.S.;the relationship between the states ;the government of the new nation.So the Article of Confederation(2)was born. Then the new nation of the United States was organized under the agreement of the Articles of Confederation with a weak national government called the Congress. Each state had its own government, made its own laws and handled itsinternal affairs. The states did not cooperate with the Congress and with each other. The Congress had no power to force any state to contribute money to the national government and the Congress could not tax any citizen either. As a result, the Articles of Confederation failed.But the congress handled the problems and needs that the individual state could not handle alone Question 1What problems would the Congress handle ?(p 21 ,p 2)Many Americans worried about the future of the new nation.Question 2What did Many Americans worried about?(p 22,p2)Thus a constitution (4)was badly neededQuestion 3 (3)What is the federal system?(p22, 2-p1)Question 4In writing the Constitution the delegates should deal with two main fears shared by most Americans , what are they?(p22-23, Ss in group of 4-6)II. The three branches of the federal government and their functionIn order to guard against the first fear of people the delegates set up a government consisting of three branches : the executive, the legislative and the judicial.(5,6,7)III. The reasons for checks and balanceChecks and balance ,this system works in many ways to keep serious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.IV. The Bill of RightsIn order to guarantee the freedom or the basic rights and privileges of citizens and further protect against tyranny , a “Bill of Rights’’(8) was added to the Constitution in 1791The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendment added to the Constitution in 1790,which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individual by the government, such as ,it guarantees Americans’freedom of speech, of religion, of the press; to guarantee the right to assemble in public places, to protest government actions and demand change.; the right to own weapons ; neither police nor soldiers can stop ad search a person without good reason. They can not search a person’s home without legal permission from a court; the right to speedy trial if accused of a crime. There are 16 amendments to the constitution as of 1991.V. Political partiesToday ,the United State has two major political partied : democratic Party (George Walker Bush ,Obama )and Republican Partythe symbol donkey , the elephentQuestion for thoughHow the three branches supposed to check and balance each other ?Unit 5 American EconomyCauses that brought about the American industry developmentsIndustrial revolution in America _the development of American industry(give some examples) Corporation and stock shareThe roots of America’s affluenceThe success and problems of American agricultureI. Causes that brought about the American economic developmentsQuestion 1(p 33, p 1 -3)What brought about the American industry developments?II. Overview of how the American economy worksII. Industrial revolution in America _the development of American industry(give some examples)(2 ,5,6)III. Corporation (7)and stock(9)Ⅳ.The roots of America’s affluence(10,11)Hispanic AmericansThere’re three large groups of people . The largest is the white race and they are almos t all from Europe. The second is the black race and they are almost all from Africa. The third is the Hispanic race and they are almost all from Mexico and Central AmericaⅤ.The success and problems of American agriculture(p 40 p3 ; p41,p 2 p42, p2) Question for thought:Why do you think there are still so many people involving in buying and selling stock which is a risky business.（300-500 words）Unit6Religionin in United StatesDiscussion Points-：Public and Private Behavior“W ASP” cultureReligious LibertyProtestantsCatholicsThree FaithsReligious DiversityAmerican Character of ReligionOverview of American religionAmericans with different religions live together under the same law. American main-stream culture was developed from "WASP" culture and that people who settled in the 13 North American colonies that would become the United States were mostly Protestant believers. I．“WASP” cultureWASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant", is believed to be the basis of the II．Religious LibertyThe U.S. has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movement. Frontier American provided plenty of room to set up a new religionBy the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds of Protestants lived in America.(1)Lutherans had come to America from Germany.( 2) The Dutch Reformed Church flourished in New York and New Jersey.(3)Presbyterians came from Scotland and (4)Huguenots from France. (5)Congregationalists, as the Puritans, dominated in Massachusetts and the neighboring colonies, known as New England. (6)Protestants lived side by side in relative harmony. The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a "revival" movement which sought to breathe new feeling and strength into religion, cut across the lines of Protestant religious groups, or denominations .**Relationship between the government and religion (p49)The Unites States would have no state-supported religion. The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbade the new federal government to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice, or exercise, of religion.The First Amendment insured that American government would not meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens.The government supports all religions. Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths.But government does not pay ministers' salaries or require any belief not even a belief in God -- as a condition of holding public office. Oaths are administered, but those who, like Quakers, object to them, can make a solemn affirmation, or declaration, instead.The truth is that for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats all religions alike at least as far as is practical. When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise, American courts must settle them.II.Protestants（p 6-7）Catholics in the U.S.(3,4)(Protestants covers 4 large groups : the Baptist, Methodists , Presbyterians and Episcopalian)III.Three major faiths in the U.S.(5)**Christianity : protestant ,Catholic and the Orthodox Eastern ChurchIV. Religious diversityThe U.S. has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movement. Frontier American provided plenty of room to set up a new church or found a new communityAmish ; Utopias; Mormons; evangelical Protestants; Orthodox Jew ;Jewish; the Islam religion; Buddhism; HinduV.Characteristics of American religious beliefs(6)Question for thoughtWhat are some of the feature in region that are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in EuropeUnit7American LiteratureOverview of American LiteratureAmerican literature has recorded the story of a quest taken different forms at different times1.Early fictionmajors writers and their masterpieces. of the post-Revolutionary period:Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper2.Transcendentalists(3)Ralph Waldo Emerson,The core idea of Transcendentalist(P102 F- par.)Henry David ThoreauTraditional American values(P102 par-3.)3.Power of Imagination(P103 par-2)Edgar Allen PoeNathaniel Hawthorne,Herman Melville4.New Visions and AmericaWhat was American New voice? (P103 L-par )Walt Whitman5.Reform and liberationHarriet Beecher StoweWhat intensified the political debate on slavery?6. RegionalismWilliam Dean Howells, Samuel ClemensMark Twain and his writing style, (P105 par-2)Emily Dickinson7.A new wavethe naturalists (P106 par-3)Henry JamesStephen Crane8.the ModernistsEzra Poundthe "Modem Movement" in poetry (P108 par-3)T. S. Eliot9.the "Lost Generation"What is Lost Generation(P108 L-par )F. Scott Fitzgerald, ErnestHemmingway and his writing style, (P109 par-2)William Faulkner10.the Harlem RenaissanceJohn Steinbeck11.Depression Realism and EscapismMargaret ,Mitchell, Joseph Heller12.the "Beat Generation"What is Beat Generation？(P111 par-4)Overview of the Mississipp RiverI.writers and their master works of the post-Revolutionary period . Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper（2，3）II.Transcendentalists(3)Ralph Waldo Emerson, (The American idea of success)Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson, whose original profession and calling was as a Unitarian( of the Christian religious sect which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity and believe that God is one person 一位论派) minister, left the ministry to pursue a career in writing and public speaking. Emerson became one of America's best known and best loved 19th century figuresHenry David Thoreau(3)III.Power of ImaginationEdgar Allen Poe,EDGAR ALLAN POE1809 - 1849‘Quoth the Raven, “Nevermore”’*This site is dedicated to the work of Edgar Allan Poe, who is considered one of the most gifted writers of American literature. Over 120 of his short-stories and poems as well as collections of his articles and criticism is available here and can be read on line and searched.Nathaniel HawthorneNathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, to a family that had been prominent in the area since colonial times. A rich lore of family and local history provided much of the material for Hawthorne's works. When Nathaniel was four, his father died on a voyage in Surinam, Dutch Guinea, but maternal relatives recognized his literary talent and financed his education at Bowdoin College. Among his classmates were many of the important literary and political figures of the day: writer Horatio Bridge, future Senator Jonathan Ciley, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and future President Franklin Pierce. These prominent friends supplied Hawthorne with government employment in the lean times, allowing him time to bloom as an author. Like James Fenimore Cooper, Hawthorne was extremely concerned with conventionality; his first pseudonymously published short stories imitated Sir Walter Scott, as did his 1828 self-published Fanshawe. Hawthorne later formally withdrew most of this early work, discounting it as the work of inexperienced youth. From 1836 to 1844 the Boston-centered Transcendentalist movement, led by Ralph Waldo Emerson, was an important force in New England intellectual circles. The Transcendentalists believed that human existence transcended the sensory realm, and rejected formalism in favor of individual responsibility. Hawthorne's fiancé Sophia Peabody drew him into "the newness," and in 1841 Hawthorne invested $1500 in the Brook Farm Utopian Community, leaving disillusioned within a year. Hawthorne's later works show someTranscendentalist influence, including a belief in individual choice and consequence, and an emphasis on symbolism. As America's first true psychological novel,The Scarlet Letter would convey these ideals; contrasting puritan morality with passion and individualism.Herman MelvilleAmerican author, best-known for his novels of the sea and his masterpiece MOBY-DICK (1851), a whaling adventure dedicated to Nathaniel Hawthorne. "I have written a wicked book and feel as spotless as the lamb," Melville wrote to Hawthorne. The work was only recognized as a masterpiece 30 years after Melville's death. TYPEE (1846), a fictionalized travel narrative, was the author's most popular book during his lifetime."All that most maddens and torments; all that stirs up the less of things; all truth with malice in it; all that cracks the sinews and cakes the brain; all the subtle demonisms of life and thought; all evil, to crazy Ahab, were visibly personified, and made practically assailable in Moby Dick. He piled upon the whale's white hump the sum of all the general rage and hate felt by his whole race from Adam down; and then, as if chest had been a mortar, he burst his hot heart's shell upon it." (from Moby-Dick)4.New Visions and AmericaWalt Whitman5.Reform and liberation(5)( Mississippi : Landscape)(baidu )Harriet Beecher Stowe6.RiginalismWilliam Dean Howells, Samuel ClemensMark Twain and his writing style ,Emily Dickinson7.A new waveThe background that arose the New WaveHenry Jamesthe naturalistsStephen Crane8.Rebellious SpiritsSherwood Anderson (characteristic)9.the ModernistsEzra Poundthe "Modem Movement" in poetryT. S. Eliot10.the "Lost Generation"F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemmingway and his writing style, William Faulkner11.the Harlem RenaissanceJohn Steinbeck12.New DramaEugene O'Neill13.Depression Realism and EscapismMargaret ,Mitchell, Joseph Heller14.the "Beat Generation"15.black writers, and women writers。
英语国家概况文档
Unit 1 Land and PeopleTime Span: 2 class hoursClass Type: theoreticalObjectives: to give a general introduction to the land and people of BritainFocus and Difficulties: 1. land formation 2. people formation Teaching Methods, Equipment:The interactive methods; A Micro Class; Self-made coursewareTeaching Process and Teaching Materials:I. Different names for Britain and its Parts:Britainthe United Kingdomthe U.K.Great Britainthe British IslesEnglandPolitical divisionsEnglandScotland on the island of GBWalesNorthern IrelandThe British Commonwealth of Nations in 1931The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements. (50 members, 1991)II. Geographical Featuresa. an island countryb. separated from Europe by the English Channel in the south and theNorth Sea in the east.c. the narrowest part of the English Channel between England andFrance is only 33 km. “Chunnel”is a channel tunnel under the straits of Dover (1994)d. The overall feature of the land:With the North-West slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking: The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; the east and south-east are mostly lowlands.III. Rivers and Lakesa.non-freezing riversb.Not very large but very important:connecting big cities to the sea; playing important role in transportation before modern transportation vehicles inventedc.Longest: Severnd.The second largest but most important: Thames: running through Londone.River Clyde: an important waterway in Scotlandkes:the largest: the Lough Neagh in Northern Irelandthe Lake District: in the north-west England and North Wales; well-known forits wild and beautiful scenery and 15 lakes. It is the home ofthe Lake poets W. Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridgeand R. Southey in the 19th century.IV. Climate1. type of climate:maritime: mild (not too cold nor too hot), steady reliable rainfall through the whole year, a small range of temperature (4-6 degree in winter and 12-16 in summer)2. factors influencing the climate in Britainsurrounding waters; Westerlies; the North Atlantic Drift;3. rainfallreliable and sufficient; a surplus in the west and the north; a deficit in the south and the east.4. the calamitiesFog, smog, frost and severe gales often cause great damage to crops and people’s life. In 1952 the sulphur dioxide in the four-day London smog left 4000 people dead or dying.V. the people2. Making-up of the populationthe English; the Scottish; the Wales; the Irish3. the ancestors of the BritishIrishScottish CeltsWelshEnglish Anglo-SaxonsHomework: Answer briefly: Ex. 1,2,4,5,7,8,10。
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英语国家概况课程标准
课程代码：
适用专业：商务英语
一、课程概述
1．课程性质
语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。
英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。
一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。
该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。
2．课程设计思路
本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。
1）合作学习法—任务型教学法
合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。
任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。
合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。
主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。
2）比较教学法
比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。
例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。
从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。
运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。
3）线索梳理法
线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。
比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语：
Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish
Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars
同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索：
The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War
二、课程培养目标
1．知识目标
◆了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风
俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。
2．技能目标
◆扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。
3．素质目标
◆培养学生的国际商务语境和管理的跨文化观，令其在今后的国际商务环境中更好地进行跨文化交
际。
三、与前后课程的联系
1．与前修课程的联系
本课程为大一学生第一学期开设，无前修课程。
2．与后续课程的联系
本课程的后续课程主要有商务英语阅读与写作、外贸与运输英语函电、航运英语、公关礼仪英语等。
四、课程教学内容设计与学时分配
为了贯彻英语教学与文化知识课紧密相结合的原则，体现教学应以学生为中心，学生自己是学习的主人的教学思想，帮助学生抓住重点，分清主次，了解大概，忽略细节，扩大文化知识面。
本课程把所涉及的六个英语国家按照地理和人口、政治和政府、经济、教育、媒体和节日及文学分为六大模块，供学生逐一讨论，使他们通过比较与对照，更牢固地掌握这些国家之间的相似性以及各自的独特性。
▪28 （总课时）=14（教学周数）*2 （周学时数）
以国家为模块可划分为：
▪The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Geography, People and Language
Chapter 2 History
Chapter 3 Government and the Commonwealth
Chapter 4 Economy
Chapter 5 Education, Media and Holidays
Chapter 6 Literature
The Republic of Ireland
Chapter 7 Society and Culture
▪The United States of America
Chapter 8 Geography and People
Chapter 9 History
Chapter 10 Government
Chapter 11 Economy
Chapter 12 Education, Media and Holidays
Chapter 13 Literature
▪Canada
Chapter 14 Geography and History
Chapter 15 Government and Society
▪Australia
Chapter 16 Geography and History
Chapter 17 Government and Society
▪New Zealand
Chapter 18 Society and Culture
五、教学资源
1．教材选用
教材选用原则：
1）语言难易适中、有利于高职高专学生课堂和自主学习。
2）选材新，时效性强。
3）教材编写规范，语言质量高。
选用教材为：《英语国家概况》，作者：谢福之；出版社：外研社：教材类型：高等学校英语拓展系列教程
2．主要学习资料
《英语国家社会与文化入门》朱永涛王立礼
《新编英美概况》来安方
《现代美国社会与文化》邓炎昌（Volume 1 & Volume 2）
3．课程网站
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http://www.canadano.1
4．教师任职要求
本课程教师最好是英语语言与文化专业方向毕业的，且担任过后续课程的教学，如商务礼仪、商务英语阅读与写作、商务英语听力与会话等以便与职业技能课程结合起来。
如具有英语国家访问的经历则更难能可贵。
5、实训教学条件
1校内实训条件
2校外实训条件
六、教学评价
考核、评价方式
本课程的考核方式分为两部分：平时和期末。
学生的平时成绩可占总评成绩的30%，包括课堂演示、完成课后作业和回答问题等活动。
期末考试占70%。
期末考试采用闭卷形式。
考试内容应涵盖该课程各章节的内容。
考题可采用以下形式：○1填空；○2判断；○3名词解释；○4简答题；○5简述题。
七、其它说明
本课程没有对应的实训课，所以也没有实训考核。
（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。