自考英语二-unit-6-语法
自考英语二Unit6 TextB the importance of money in life练习
3. The children felt exhausted. They fell asleep at once. The children felt so exhausted that they fell asleep at once. 4. My wife was using the vacuum cleaner. I was trying to listen to a broadcast play.
2. Young children usually have a__fa_v_o_u_r_it_e soft object like a stuffed animal or a blanket. (favourite, favour)
3. Jack wanted to invite the beautiful girl out, but was _s_c_a_r_e_d_ that she would refuse.(scare, scared)
6. The country has been in a very poor _e_c_o_n_o_m_i_c state ever since the decline of its two major industries, (economic, economy)
自考英语二-unit-6-语法
New words
available
adj.可用的； 有空的； 可会见的； （戏票、车票等）有效的 Doctors have an armoury of drugs available. 医生都备有各种各样的药物。 We are doing our best with the limited resources available. 我们利用可获得的有 限资源，尽最大的努力。 My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired. 我的自行车现在不能用, 因为 正在修理. No funding will be available until the technology is completely proven. 该技术得 到充分验证后才会有拨款.
New words
donate
vt.& vi.（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠； 献（血）； 捐（血）； 捐献（器官）
They used to donate large sum of money to the Red Cross every year. 他们过去每年都向红十字会捐献大笔的钱。 More than 100 men hurried to the scene to donate their blood. 有100多人赶到现 场献血 Donation n.捐赠，赠送； 捐款； 捐赠物 I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help. 我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。 They made a generous donation to charity. 他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。
opt
vi. 选择，挑选 opt for They opt for more holiday instead of more pay. 他们选择了延长假期而不是增加 工资。 Most people opt for buying their own homes rather than renting them. 大多数人愿 意买房子而不愿意租房子。 Everyone can opt for a good novel. 每人可以选一本好的小说。
自考英语二 课后练习答案 Unit 6 课后练习答案
Unit6The Value of Money课后习题参考答案Text AI.1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.BII.Section A1.differentiate2.indulgent3.resistance4.responsibility5.formation6.unnecessarySection B1.mentality2.budget3.principle4.scheme5.monthly6.temptationSection C1.to2.in3.on4.in5.within6.ByIII.1.basic 2.direct 3.invest 4.Ideally 5.called 6.wasteful 7.where8.Now that9.accumulated10.growIV.Section A1.drew the conclusions on the basis of experiments2.she has never indulged herself in drinking wine3.will not be responsible for his behavior4.my teaching experience has stood me in good stead5.have resulted in head injuriesSection B不管父母和继父母是否允许自己的孩子们管理自己的零花钱，他们都会从预算中拨出一笔现金，来满足孩子们的日常需要和需求。
小孩不需要大量的钱，不过，他们最好有足够的钱，以便他们能学会如何花钱和存钱。
为了让孩子们学习花钱的重要性，许多父母会让孩子们把钱至少分成三份：一份用来紧急支出，一份用作短期储蓄（外出旅行、购买电子游戏产品等），还有一份用作长期储蓄（买车、上大学等）。
某些家庭还增加了第4项规划，即捐款，让孩子们从帮助那些不幸的人们的经历中体会人生的价值和重要意义。
自考英语二(00015)Unit6B知识点详解
• 第一句讲解：(1) the way (in which / that) sb. does sth. 或者the way (in which / that) sth. is done 某人做某事的方式
• 正上学的孩子们需要零花钱来买吃的、买文具，还有支付公交费用。父母们采用不同的方 式来给予他们零花钱。有的父母会在月初或每周之初一次性给予孩子们一笔钱，有的更倾 向于每天给一些。然而，零花钱的给予方式却影响着孩子们花钱或省钱的方式。另一方面， 孩子们的消费习惯也会对父母给予零花钱的方式产生影响。
• Para 1.2 • The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent
• cause sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 • depend / rely on sb. to do sth. 依赖某人做某事 • 注意depend的派生词：dependent (on/upon) • dependence (on/upon) • independent (of) • Independence Day
The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by
overindulging in
,as they know they will get
another sum of money the next day. This
自考英语二Unit 6 The Value of Money
difbufsefraeren车t费ways. Some give a lump opfockseut衣m袋a子t the beginning of a
Phrases and Expressions
on a daily basis每日地 result in导致 pay off付清，偿清 within one’s means量入为出 stand ... in good stead（需要时）对某人有用，对某人有利
II. Text A Teaching Children to Spend
V. Exercises
A Famous Quote名言 Never spend your money before you have it.
------Thomas Jefferson 钱财未到手，绝不提前花。
------托马斯·杰斐逊
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), the third President of the United States and the primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
8. constraint /kənˈstreɪnt/ n.限制，限定，约束 constrain /kənˈstreɪn/ v. 限制，约束；强迫，迫使 9. budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ v.谨慎花钱，把...编入预算 10. overindulge /ˌəʊvərɪnˈdʌldʒ/ v.过多地享用（尤指食物或饮料） indulge /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/ v. 沉湎；纵容；满足；参加（尤指违法活动） 11. short-sighted /ˌʃɔːt ˈsaɪtɪd/ adj.目光短浅的，没有远见的
自考英语二(00015)Unit6 TextB 课文
( N )4. Abundance thinking has negative influence on the way you live.
( Y )5. According to the author, the root of all evil has nothing to do with the money itself.
readily 快捷地，轻而易举地 ▪ Boats are readily available to visitors. ▪ The information is readily accessible on the Internet.
available可获得的，可购买的 ▪ Funds are available to assist teachers who want to
首先，信奉“钱不是从树上长出来的”就是被称作缺乏 规划的一个例子。我们的父母教导我们周围绝不会有 足够的金钱，并且它也不是唾手可得或用之不竭的。 scarcity n.不足;缺乏
the scarcity of employment opportunities
enough... to go around足够分配 ▪ Is there enough ice-cream to go around? ▪ There were never enough textbooks to go around.
自考英语二自学教程(2012版)纯答案
自考英语二自学教程答案（纯答案）Unit1课后习题参考答案Text AI . 1. B 2. A 3．D 4．A 5．CII . Section Al. Consistent 2. Statement 3. Reflect 4. Invalid 5. Considerably 6 comparisonSection B1 . Credible 2. Identify 3. Assumptions 4. Represents 5 evaluated 6. ApproriateSection C1. to2.forth3.into4.for5.with6.toⅢ.1. define 2.action 3.tears 4. good 5.express 6.powerful 7. internally 8.shape 9.responds to 10. personal Ⅳ．Section A1. take interests of different social groups into account2. Compare the recent work with the previous work3. was not consistent with his statement to the police4. was not relevant to the matter being dealt with5. Please inform us of any change in vour case .-.Section B想成为灵活的读者，就要知道如何选择和使用阅读风格，这种阅读风格与你的阅读目的是一致的。
知道在不同时间以不同方式使用不同的阅读风格，这样就可以成为灵活的读者。
研究阅读就是灵活读者采用的阅读风格，他们希望借此充分理解难度较大的文章。
采用阅读风格，你就要放慢阅读速度，而且在阅读时还要挑战自我，力求理解文章的内涵。
(完整版)自考英语二(新版)原文Unit6TheValueofMoney
Unit 6 The Value of MoneyA Famous Quote:Never spend your money before you have it.–Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson(1743-1826), the third President of the United States and primary author of the Declaration of Independence.Text A Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely Pre-reading Questions:1. Recall and describe how your parents allocated pocket money to you and howyou spent it.2. What influence does that way of giving pocket money have on kids financemanagement?School-going children need pocket money for food, stationary and bus fare. Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways. Some give a lump of sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily bias. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved. On the other hand, the children’s spending habits may affect how pocket money is given.Pocket money given on a daily bias is sometimes termed as “food money”. Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums of money. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending. Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money. Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.Giving pocket money on a daily bias places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of child. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food, as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. This results in children being short-sighted in their spending. The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. They may develop the mentality that money is meant to be spent. Others spend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they may ask formoney to pay off their debts. This habit of borrowing causes then to depend on others to solve their problems. In such instances, the purpose of rationing is defeated.Children need to learn how to budget their money. Some parents go by the “learning by doing” principle and give their children lump sums at the beginning of the month, and by the third week of the month their account is already dry.On the other hand, some learn to budget their pocket money very well and even have savings at the end of the month. They do not borrow money necessarily. In other words, they learn to spend within their means. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left. This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. It enables them to resist the temptation of “buy now and pay later” schemes.Formation of any habit starts at a tender age. There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket money. They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarden days. It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money. When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.Text B The Importance of Money in LifePre-reading Questions:1. What do you think of the old saying, “money is the root of evil”?2. Do you believe how people think about money determines whether their moneyflow is constant?What were you taught about money as you were growing up? Something like “money doesn’t grow on trees”, or “money is the root of all evil”, or maybe “all rich people are greedy’?Well, how do you expect to become a success financially if you believe these things? You attract into you life what you are thinking about and what you believe. If you think there is not enough money in this world for everyone you will never have enough money. That is called the Law of Attraction.First o f all, believing that “money doesn’t grow on trees” is an example of what’s called lack or scarcity programming. Our parents taught us that there was never enough money to go around, and that it was not readily available orabundant. But in truth, the universe is very abundant, and there is lots of money as your heart desires. What wonderful thing you could do with it: travel to the countries you have always dreamt of, buy a house you are even scared to think about, attend meditation classes so you could spiritually grow, donate money to your favorite charity, spend more quality time with your family, and the list goes on.The key is to start thinking that you deserve the money and that there is lots of it available for your, and then you can start attracting in into your life. That’s abundance thinking, which is the opposite of lack or scarcity thinking. When you start thinking about abundance the Law of Attraction will do the rest. You do not need to know how it is going to happen. Just make the first step, first thought. Starting is already winning.And what about thinking that “money is the root of all evil”? Can you really expect to become a success if you believe that money is the root of all evil? Unless you have a desire to be an evil person, your subconscious will not let you have money if you believe deep down that it is the root of evil.By the way, the quote is taken out of context in the first place. It was originally stated as “the love of money is the root of all evil”. So it has nothing to do with the money itself.Now that you understand that, you can start to think that money is in fact good. You can help people with money. You can stimulate the economy with money. Even the most kind-hearted spiritual person, who says they don’t need money, can do more to make the world a better place with money than without it.And what about thinking that “all rich people are greedy’? Well, that creates us versus them, whereby you have labeled all of “them” greedy in your mind. You, on the other hand, are very giving in your mind. That’s why you don’t have money, because you’re not greedy.Sure, there must be some rich people in the world who are greedy. But there are also poor people who are greedy. There are both rich and poor people who are very giving as well. The amount of money you have has nothing to do with these character traits.In fact, a lot of rich people got there by not being greedy. Having a giving attitude opens up a flow of money that often brings them more. You will find the same thing: giving away money joyfully to a friend, and notice that it comes back to you in some other form. The world needs to be a balance of give and take, and being joyful both as you give and receive will ensure that you always go with the flow.And changing your mindset from what you were taught as a child to ahealthier view of money will allow you to become the financial success you deserve to be, to become the real you.。
自考英语二(00015)Unit6 TextA 练习
原则上,理论上
Bridging the Gap(P218)
basic grow invest
ideally called
now that wasteful accumulated where direct
将单词分类： 动词：grow invest called accumulated direct 形容词：basic wasteful direct 副词：ideally 连词：now that where
Section A (P219)
1. To obtain objective findings, scientists ___d_r_e_w_t_h_e_____ _c_o_n_c_lu__si_o_n_s_o_n__t_h_e_b_a_s_is__o_f_e_x_p_e_r_im__e_n_t_s_ (根据实验得出 结论).(on the basis of) 2. She is such a self-disciplined person that _sh_e__h_a_s_n_e_v_e_r _b_e_e_n_i_n_d_u_l_g_e_d_i_n__a_lc_o_h_o_l_(她从不沾酒).(indulge in) 3. When he loses his temper, he _is__n_o_t_r_e_sp_o_n__si_b_l_e_f_o_r_h_i_s_ _b_e_h_a_v_i_o_r_s_(对自己的行为不负责任).(be responsible for) 4. The result of being employed proves that m__y__te_a_c_h_i_n_g _e_x_p_e_r_ie_n_c_e__st_a_n_d_s__m_e__in__g_o_o_d_s_t_e_a_d_(我的从教经验对我 利). (stand...in good stead) 5. Figures show that fifty percent of road accidents _h_a_v_e__re_s_u_l_te_d__in__h_e_a_d__in_j_u_r_i_es__(导致头部受伤).(result in)
自考英语二(课堂笔记_语法部分)
综合英语二（课堂笔记_语法部分）一、谓语动词It is + adj. + to do /for to do主语+ 系动词+ to doabout to dogoing to doI have nothing to do but read the novel.but——但是，可以＋不定式，前有“do”后无“to”抽象名词/chance/way/power/ability/opportunity/promise/capacity/occasionTo match up with others, we must study harder.We should study harder to catch up with others.句首有逗号，译为“为了”，句末无逗号，译为“以便”The reason given was that the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle and become indigestible.Only 25 percent of all diamonds mined are good enough for cutting into gems.Work together to control the amount of violent programs watched and the number of violent toys found in the home.First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved.1、动词不定式、现在分词、动名词、过去分词作表语的区别。
We are to study current science.He is to do the experiment in physics.不定式作表语表示将来的行为。
山东省自考英语二Unit6
Unit 6（山东省自考英语）Text AThe British Educational System 英国的教育体系All over the world，the mention of English education suggests a picture of“public schools”，and it suggests in particular the names of certain very famous instructions—Eton，Oxford and Cambridge; but People do not always realize what place these institutions occupy in the who1e educational system．一提起英国教育呈现在人们面前的往往是一幅“公学”的画面，特别是一些著名的教育机构——伊顿、牛津、剑桥等；但是人们往往不了解这些机构在英国整个教育体系中所占的位置。
Oxford and Cambridge are universities each haying about 12，000 students out of a total of over 250，000 students at all British universities．牛津和剑桥两所大学分别拥有大约12 000在校生，而全英在校大学生的总数超过250 000。
Eton is a public school，and the best known of the public schools. which，in spite of their name，are not really public at all，but independent and private secondary schools taking boys from the age thirteen to eighteen years．伊顿是所公学，也是最著名的公学, 尽管名字叫公学，其实并不是真正意义上的公立学校，而是所独立的私立中学。
自考英语二Unit 6 teaching children to spend poket money wisely
New words
•formation n. 组成；形成 But the formation of the beautiful, more compl ex inner structures is not well understood. •Form n. 形式，形状； vt. 构成，组成 •we can start with this functional form •in the form of以…的形式 •Experience life in the form of nature.
课文翻译பைடு நூலகம்
按天来给零花钱有时被称作“零食钱”。下午 有学校活动的孩子们通常会用这些零花钱在课 间或午饭时间买些吃的东西。他们从中学到了 如何管理好一小笔钱。因为钱的数目有限，他 们只能有节制地花费。一些家长用这种方式给 孩子零花钱，是为了防止他们的孩子过度消费， 并期待日后可以放心地给孩子们一大笔钱来支 配。按天领取薪资的父母，由于经济拮据，也 会选择这个方法。
New words
unnecessarily adv. 没必要地 I think that is because we unnecessarily complicate it . necessarily adv. 必要地；必定地，必然 地 That’s not necessarily a bad thing
Text A Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely New words
Stationery Stationery is paper, envelopes, and other materials or equipment used for writing. If you step across to the shop, you will be able to buy the stationery you need. 你们有文具出售吗？
自考英语二语法
自考英语二语法自考英语二语法重要知识点汇总整理自考英语语法八大时态重点梳理1. 一般现在时概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。
常和always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。
如：（1）I go to school every day . 我每天都去学校。
(表经常)（2）He is always like that . 他总是那样。
(表状态)构成：（1）主语+ be (am / are / is ) +……（2）主语+ 实义动词/三单动词+ ……2.一般过去时概念:（1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等。
如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影。
（2）也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
如: He always went to work by bike last week.构成：（1）主语+ be (was / were ) +……（2）主语+ 实义动词过去式+……3. 现在进行时概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
如:He is singing.They are watching TV now.构成: 主语+ 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.4. 过去进行时概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示。
如:（1）—What were you doing?—I was jumping.（2）—What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?—He was sleeping.构成: 主语+ 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.5. 一般将来时概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等。
00015自考英语(二)教程课后试题答案
大学英语自学考试教程下册0015自考英语二课后习题答案 unit1Unit 1(英语二)Text AExercises for the TextI.1.d 2.c 3.c 4.a 5.dII.1.alternative 2.fundamental 3.accompany4.implement5.preccedent6.attain7.objectives 8.vary 9.multiple10.isolateIII.1.c 2.d 3.i 4.j 5.g 6.e 7.h 8.a 9.f 10.bIV.our ; helped ; form ; front; to; passed; it; same;V.1.Decision makers should be able to make the best guess at the future.2.Some people think that everything managers do involves decision making.(or Some people think that everything managers do has something to do with decision making.)3.If there are no correct alternatives ,there are no correct decisions to be made.4.Since different people have different ideas about the same problem ,so the approaches to it vary from person to person.5.Decision makers usually hold the key to the business development of the company.Vocabulary ExercisesI.1.a.be organized anizational anization2.a.simple b.simplified c.simply d.simplification3.a.profit b.profitable c.profitability4.a.intention b.intended c.unintendedII.1.preccdent2.skilled3.achievement4.implement5.optimal6.goal7.accomplish 8.accompanies 9.tendency10.ongoingIII.1.His friend accompanied him to a concert.2.He has argued her out of her decision.3.he owed his success in part to luck.4.According to his suggestion ,the formalities have been much simplified.5.The broadcasting station predicts that it will turn cold tomorrow.6.Motion is defined as a change in position or place.Text BExercises for the TextI.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.TII.1.preparation; confidence2.idea3.unattractive indifference4.hardworking; personality; interest5.speechless6.holidays; pay7.clean; neat; conservative9.politely; naturally10."I beg your pardon?" or "Could you please repeat it?" etc. Vocabulary ExercisesI.1.at a disadvantage2.conservative3.indifference4.make sure5.vague6.clutched7.turned down 8.to your advantage 9.neat10.prospects 11.take the trouble to 12.place Grammar ExercisesI.1.连词；让步状语从句。
自考英语二教材课文讲义unit6
Unit 6 The Value of MoneyI. New words and expressions New words1. stationery n.文具同音词：stationary2.fare n. 车资；船费；飞机票价3.lump sum n. 一次总付的钱款4.recess n. 课间歇息，5.allocate v. 拨（给）；划（给）；分派（给）6.overspendv. 花费过多；比（估计的）花得多；超支注意 over- / out-的差别：overeat outeatoverdo outdooversleep outliveoverweight outshine7.opt v. 选择；精选optionoptional8.constraint n. 限制；限制；拘束9.budget v. 慎重花费；把?编入估算10. overindulge v.过多地享受（尤指食品或饮料）11. short-sighted adj.眼光溜浅的；没有远见的12.mentality n. 心态；思想状况；思想方法13.sibling n. 兄；弟；姐；妹14. indulge v. 沉沦，沉浸，沉迷（于?）15.rationing n. 定量配给政策；配给制16.principle n. 观点；（行动、思想的）原因，信条同音词： principal17. unnecessarily adv.没必需地18. differentiate v.划分；差别；鉴别differdifferentdifference19.inculcate v. 频频灌注；谆谆教诲20.resist v. 忍住；抵抗resistance resistant21. temptationn.引诱；迷惑22.scheme n. 计划；方案；系统；系统23.formation n. 构成；形成24. kindergarten n.少儿园25. monthly adj.按月结算的；有效期为一个月的dailyweeklybiweeklymonthlyquarterlyyearlyPhrases and Expressions1. on a daily basis每天地2. result in致使3. pay off付清；偿清4. within one's means量力而行5. stand ? in good stead （需要时）对某人实用，对某人有益II. Text Learning Teaching Children to Spend Pocket MoneyWisely① School-going children need pocket money for food,stationery and bus fares. Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways . Some give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on adaily basis. (1)The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent orsaved. （承前启后的句子）On the other hand, the children'sspend ing habitsmay affect how pocket money is given .②(2) Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as "foodmoney".Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how tomanage small sums of money. As the money is limited, they have to control theirspending. （承前启后的句子）(3) Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending , hoping that in time theycan be trusted with larger sums of money.Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.（承上句）本部分要点及难点：1. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.(1) the way (in which / that) sb. does sth.（参照 Unit 2， Text A）the way (in which / that) sth. is done(2)句子的骨干是： The way affects how money is spent or saved.2.Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as"food money".(1) given on a daily basis过去分词短语作定语(2) be termed as被称为?3.Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in orderto prevent their children from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.(1)句子的骨干是Some parents choose this method in order to prevent theirchildren from overspending.prevent sb. from doing sth.与keep sb. from doing sth.同样，但前者from能够省略，后者不可以省略。
自考英语二教材答案 详细
自考英语（二）教材课后练习答案课程代码00015Unit 1 The power of languageText AChecking your comprehension1-5 BADACBuilding your vocabularySection A 1-6 consistent statement reflect invalid considerablycomparisonSection B 1-6 credible identify assumption represents evaluatedappropriateSection C 1-6 to forth into on with toBridging the gap1-10 defines action tears good express powerful internally shapes responds to personalTranslationSection A 1. take interests of different social groups into account2. Compare the recent work with the previous one3. was not consistent with his statement to the police4. was not relevant to the affair /matter that was being dealt with5. Please inform us of any change in your caseSection B成为一名灵活的读者，你需要知道怎样选择和使用阅读方式，来与你的阅读目的相一致。
懂得何时以及怎样选用不同的阅读方式会使你成为一个灵活的读者。
当读者的目的是需要很高的阅读理解能力来读懂难度很高的阅读材料时，精读是一名灵活的读者使用的阅读方法。
自考英语二重点语法知识讲解
重点语法知识讲解1．动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态一览表时态语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时主动被动 do are done did were done will do will be done现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时主动被动 are doing are being done were doing were being done will be doing现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时主动被动 have done have been done had done had been done will have done will have been done现在完成进行时主动被动 have been doing1．1 现在完成时发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，或对现在仍有影响。
现在完成时的标志： so far， by now/ up to now，for three years， since 1995， in the past two decades1.2 过去完成时过去的过去。
1）said, reported, thought 等引导的间接引语中。
He missed the train.He said he had missed the train.2）hardly…when, no sooner… than句型中表示先发生的动作No sooner had he got up than he received the call.3）与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中If I had tried harder, I would have won.I wish I had done better in the exam.1.3 完成进行时从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。
汉语提示语：一直The water has been running the whole night.1.4 过去时过去某一具体时间发生的事，不考虑与现在的关系。
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New words
differentiate
vt.& vi. 区分，区别，辨别 A child may not differentiate between his imagination and the real world... 儿童可能无法将自己的幻想与真实世界区分开来。 It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties. 这两个品种很难辨别。 He never learned to differentiate between good and evil. 他从未学会分辨善恶。 He couldn't differentiate between the enemy and ourselves. 他敌我不分。
New words
result in
引起，导致，以…为结局；落得；致使 The game resulted in another victory for our team. 比赛结果, 我们队又获胜了。 Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver. 这种药使用过量会 损害肝脏。 Compulsion will never result in convincing them. 强迫永远不会使他们信服。 Complacency could easily result in tragedy. 自满容易道致悲剧。
Sentence patterns:
2. S+ V + it +
… a rule
one’s duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause an honour
New words
label
n.标签； 称标记，符号； [建] 门或窗户上面的线脚 vt.贴标签于； 把…称为（不公正地）； 把…列为；
The label should be firmly affixed to the package. 这张标签应该牢牢地贴在包裹上。 All the products are labelled with comprehensive instructions. 所有产品均标有详尽的使用说明。 Certain estates are labelled as undesirable... 某些物业被归入不受欢迎之列。
New words
available
adj.可用的； 有空的； 可会见的； （戏票、车票等）有效的 Doctors have an armoury of drugs available. 医生都备有各种各样的药物。 We are doing our best with the limited resources available. 我们利用可获得的有 限资源，尽最大的努力。 My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired. 我的自行车现在不能用, 因为 正在修理. No funding will be available until the technology is completely proven. 该技术得 到充分验证后才会有拨款.
New words
indulge
indulgevt. 迁就，纵容；使满足；使（自己）沉溺于；使快乐
You can indulge yourself without spending a fortune. 你不必花大把钱就可以好好犒劳一下自己。
I never indulge children with plenty of pocket money. 我从不放任子女，给他们大 量零用钱。
New words
inculcate
vt. 极力主张，反复灌输 Great care was taken to inculcate the values of nationhood and family. 花费了很多心力反复灌输国家与家庭观念。 We have tried to inculcate a feeling of citizenship in youngsters. 我们试图向年轻 人灌输公民意识。
New words
subconscious
adj.下意识的； 潜意识的 Nail biting is often a subconscious reaction to tension. 咬指甲通常是紧张时的下意识反映。 . Early experiences can implant fears in the subconscious. 早年的经历会在下意识中埋入恐惧感。 Concsious adj.有意识的，神志清醒的； 自觉的，有意的； （痛苦，感情，冷气等）感觉得 到的； She's very conscious of the problems involved. 她完全意识到了所涉及的问题。 I was not conscious of having made a mistake. 我没意识到犯了错误。
New words
stimulate
vt.刺激； 激励，鼓舞； 使兴奋 vi.起兴奋作用； 起促进作用； 起刺激作用 They counted on foreign investment to stimulate their economy. 他们想依靠外国投资来刺激他们的经济。 Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts. 你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。 Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts. 成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。 Stimulation n.刺激； 激发； 启发； 促进 You don't get any intellectual stimulation in this job. 你不能从这份工作中获得任 何智力启发。 These youngsters need some stimulation to make them work. 为了使这些年青 人工作，需要鼓励一番。
自考英语二-unit-6-语法
New words
allocate
allocate vt. 分配，分派；把…拨给 Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first... 票数有限，先申请者先得。 Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently. 地方政府必须学会 有效地分配资源。
opt
vi. 选择，挑选 opt for They opt for more holiday instead of more pay. 他们选择了延长假期而不是增加 工资。 Most people opt for buying their own homes rather than renting them. 大多数人愿 意买房子而不愿意租房子。 Everyone can opt for a good novel. 每人可以选一本好的小说。
New words
pay off
付清；（付清工资后）解雇； In societies where corruption is endemic, decision-making is slowed as more politicians and officials have to be paid off. 在腐败泛滥的社会中，由于要花钱打点更多的政客和官员，决策的制定会被拖慢。 The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon. 这个投资 者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。
Availability Before travelling we must ensure the availability of petrol and oil. 旅行前,我们必须确保能够买到汽油和机油.
New word丰富的，富有的； 丰足； Fish are abundant in the lake. 湖里鱼很多。 Our country has a vast territory and abundant resources. 我国土地辽阔，资源丰 富。
He returned to Britain so that he could indulge his passion for football... 他重返英国，为的是可以尽情释放自己对足球的激情。
They went into town to indulge in some serious shopping. 他们进城去大肆购物。
Abundance n.丰富，充裕； 大量，极多； 盈余； 丰度
It的用法
基本用法:
it可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可 以用来指时间,金钱,距离,天气等自然现象
形式宾语
The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting
A. that B. it C. this D. him
Sentence patterns:
…
…
find
possible
1. S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth./clause
feel
important
…
…
形式宾语
I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.
New words