2021届河北衡水高中英语新高考语法复习讲义(066)动词不定式做状语常考知识点总结整理

2021届河北衡水高中英语新高考语法复习讲义（066）动词不定式做状语常考知识点总结整理

作状语：动词不定式可用作修饰动词或形容词的状语，通常放在其所修饰的动词或形容词之后。

•作目的状语。如：

Sean went to America to learn English.

肖恩去美国学习英语。

Every morning he gets up very early to exercise.

每天早晨他早早起床去锻炼身体。

Fuel is a substance used to generate light, heat, or energy.

燃料是一种用来产生光、热或能量的物质。

Dams are used to control flooding, provide water for irrigation, and generate electricity for the surrounding area.

水坝被用于防洪、提供灌溉用水、并为周围地区发电。

例题：

It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.

A. had

B. having

C. to have

D. have

【答案选C】此处用不定式表目的。

为了强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可变为in order to 或so as to + 动词原形。但应注意in order to 位于句首或句中均可，而so as to 不能位于句首。如：

Jacqueline reads China Daily every day in order to/so as to improve her English.

杰奎琳每天读《中国日报》以便能提高她的英语水平。

In order to catch the train, they started out early.

为了能赶上火车，他们早早就出发了。

将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的作用。如：

To master a foreign language one must work hard at it.

要掌握好一门外语，就要对它下工夫。

例题：

more about university courses，call(920)746-3789.

A. To find out

B. Finding out

C. Find out

D. Having found out

【答案选A】此题考查动词不定式作目的状语。

有些用作句子独立成分的习惯语。如：

to be frank 坦白地说

to be exact 确切地说

to begin with首先

to conclude 最后

to be sure 当然

to be fair 公平地说

to tell you the truth 老实对你说

To tell you the truth, I don't agree with you.

老实对你说，我不同意你的观点。

It's about two o'clock—three minutes and thirty⁃five seconds past, to be exact.

现在大约是两点钟，确切地说是2点3分35秒。

•作结果状语：不定式作结果状语时，往往仅限于learn“得知”，find “发现”，see“看见”，hear“听见”，to betold“被告知”，make “使得”等几个具有终止含义的动词。如：

Marks returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside.

马科斯回家后才知道他的儿子已去了乡下。

A few years later we came to our home to find that our hometown had greatly changed.

几年后我们回到家里，发现家乡的面貌大大地改变了。

例题：

The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars had left.

A. to tell

B. to be told

C. telling

D. told

【答案选B】不定式作结果状语，表示一种出乎意料的结果。

不定式也可以用enough和too...to结构来表示结果。如：

Jimmy is old enough to join the army.

吉米够参军年龄了。

You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

你长大了，足以能照料你自己了。

James is too short to reach the top of the shelf.

詹姆士太矮了，够不着书架的顶层。

注意：

①某些形容词在“too...to...”结构中没有否定的含义，而是表示肯定，这类形容词有anxious，apt，delighted，eager，easy，glad，kind，pleased，ready，surprised，willing 等。如：

He is too ready to find fault.

他老是爱挑毛病。

She was too surprised to see how angry her father was.

看到父亲那么生气，她非常吃惊。

②在not，never，only，all，but等后的“too...to...”结构中，“too”的含义为“very”，不定式没有否定含义。如：

I'm only too pleased to help you.

我非常愿意帮助你。

It's never too late to learn.

活到老，学到老。

③动词不定式和only连用时，常表示未预料到的结果。如：

He went to the station hurriedly only to find the train had left.

他匆匆地赶到车站，却发现火车已经离开了。

I went to see my friend only to learn he was in hospital.

我去看我的朋友，不料他住院了。

He survived the crash only to die in the desert.

他幸存于坠机事故，结果却死在沙漠里。

例题：

This book is hard understand.