生态学 (双语) 专业英语单词
生态学专业英语词汇
《生态学专业英语词汇》一、生态学基础词汇1. 生态系统（Ecosystem）2. 生物多样性（Biodiversity）3. 生态位（Niche）4. 食物链（Food Chain）5. 食物网（Food Web）6. 生物量（Biomass）7. 生产者（Producer）8. 消费者（Consumer）10. 环境因子（Environmental Factor）二、生态学过程与现象1. 竞争（Competition）2. 捕食（Predation）3. 共生（Symbiosis）4. 生物入侵（Biological Invasion）5. 生物放大（Biological Magnification）6. 生态演替（Ecological Succession）7. 生物地球化学循环（Biogeochemical Cycle）8. 碳循环（Carbon Cycle）9. 氮循环（Nitrogen Cycle）10. 水循环（Water Cycle）三、生态学分支与研究方向1. 景观生态学（Landscape Ecology）2. 生态系统生态学（Ecosystem Ecology）3. 行为生态学（Behavioral Ecology）4. 进化生态学（Evolutionary Ecology）5. 环境生态学（Environmental Ecology）6. 应用生态学（Applied Ecology）7. 恢复生态学（Restoration Ecology）8. 城市生态学（Urban Ecology）9. 乡村生态学（Rural Ecology）10. 海洋生态学（Marine Ecology）四、生态学实验与技术研究1. 生态调查（Ecological Survey）2. 样方调查（Quadrat Sampling）3. 实验设计（Experimental Design）4. 遥感技术（Remote Sensing）5. 地理信息系统（GIS）6. 生态模型（Ecological Model）7. 生态模拟（Ecological Simulation）8. 环境监测（Environmental Monitoring）9. 生态修复（Ecological Restoration）10. 生物指示物（Bioindicator）五、生态学政策与管理1. 生态保护（Ecological Conservation）2. 生态红线（Ecological Red Line）3. 生态补偿（Ecological Compensation）4. 生态规划（Ecological Planning）5. 生态风险评估（Ecological Risk Assessment）6. 可持续发展（Sustainable Development）7. 生态文明建设（Ecological Civilization Construction）8. 环境影响评价（Environmental Impact Assessment）9. 生态系统服务（Ecosystem Services）10. 自然保护区（Nature Reserve）六、生态学理论与概念深化1. 生态效率（Ecological Efficiency）描述能量或物质在生态系统中从一个营养级传递到下一个营养级的效率。
生物学英语名词
生物学英语名词在学习生物学英语时，会涉及到许多专业名词和词汇。
以下是一些常见的生物学英语名词及其解释：1. Cell（细胞）-生物体的基本结构和功能单位。
2. DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）-存储和传递遗传信息的分子。
3. Gene（基因）-决定生物特征和遗传信息的DNA片段。
4. Protein（蛋白质）-生物体内重要的分子，承担许多功能。
5. Mitosis（有丝分裂）-细胞分裂的过程，产生两个完全相同的子细胞。
6. Meiosis（减数分裂）-产生具有不同遗传信息的生殖细胞的过程。
7. Evolution（进化）-物种随时间的演化和改变。
8. Photosynthesis（光合作用）-植物利用光能将二氧化碳和水转化为能量和氧气的过程。
9. Respiration（呼吸作用）-细胞利用氧气将食物分解为能量的过程。
10. Ecology（生态学）-研究生物与环境之间相互作用的学科。
在学习生物学英语时，可以采取以下策略和技巧来加强学习：1. 词汇记忆：使用生物学术语词汇表，并通过制作闪卡、词汇练习等方式来记忆。
2. 阅读原文：阅读生物学期刊、教科书等原文，以提高对专业术语的理解和运用能力。
3. 听力练习：听英语生物学演讲、讲座或录音，并尝试理解和记录所听到的内容。
4. 写作练习：尝试写生物学相关的文章、论文摘要或实验报告，以提高写作能力和词汇运用。
5. 参加讨论和辩论：参与生物学讨论组或辩论会，提高口头表达和专业术语运用能力。
6. 利用多媒体资源：观看生物学相关的视频、演示文稿或在线教学资源，以加深理解和记忆。
7. 寻找学习伙伴：与其他对生物学英语感兴趣的学生或专业人士一起学习和讨论，互相帮助。
通过持续的学习和练习，逐渐掌握生物学英语的专业名词和相关知识，提高英语水平和专业能力。
生态学专业英语
生态学专业英语Ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. It is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses biology, chemistry, geology, and physics. Ecologists study the interactions between organisms and their environment, including how organisms adapt to their environment and how they affectthe environment. The goal of ecology is to understand the principles that govern the distribution and abundance of organisms.Ecologists use a variety of methods to study ecosystems, including field observations, laboratory experiments, and mathematical modeling. They may study a wide range of organisms, from microorganisms to plants and animals, and their interactions with each other and their environment.One important concept in ecology is the idea of the ecosystem, which is a community of organisms and thephysical environment with which they interact. Ecosystems can be as small as a pond or as large as a forest, and they can include both living and nonliving components.Ecologists study how energy and nutrients flow throughecosystems and how these flows influence the distribution and abundance of organisms.Another important concept in ecology is the idea of sustainability, which is the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its balance over time. Ecologists study how human activities, such as agriculture, urbanization, and pollution, affect the sustainability of ecosystems and how we can manage ecosystems to promote sustainability.In conclusion, ecology is a fascinating and important field that helps us understand the natural world and how we can live in harmony with it. By studying the interactions between organisms and their environment, ecologists can help us make informed decisions about how to manage our natural resources and protect the environment for future generations.生态学是一门研究生物与环境之间关系的科学。
(完整word版)生物专业英语词汇必备
生物专业英语词汇-词素(词根）部分一、表示数量的词素1。
haplo,mono，uni 单，一，独haploid 单倍体monoxide一氧化碳monoatomic单原子的2. bi,di，dipl,twi，du：二，双,两,偶biocolor 双色,dichromatic 双色的，diplobacillus 双杆菌dikaryon 双核体twin 孪生dual 双重的3. tri 三,丙Triple 三倍的triangle三角triacylglycerol三酰甘油tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环4. quadri,quadru,quart，tetr，tetra：四Quadruple 四倍的quadrilateral四边的quadrivalent四价的quadruped四足动物tetrode四极管tetracycline四环素5。
pent, penta, quique五pentose戊糖pentagon五角形pentane戊烷quintuple 五倍的pentose戊糖pentomer五邻粒6。
hex，hexa，sex 六hexose已糖hexapod六足动物hexapoda昆虫纲hexamer六聚体7. hepta，sept(i）七heptane 庚烷heptose 庚糖heptoglobin七珠蛋白8。
oct八octpus 章鱼octagon八角形octane 辛烷octase 辛糖9。
enne, nona九nonapeptide 九肽enneahedron 九面体10。
deca, deka ：十decapod 十足目动物decahedron 十面体decagram 十克11. hecto，百hectometer百米hectoliter百升hectowatt 百瓦12. kilo，千kilodalton （KD) 千道尔顿kilobase 千碱基kiloelectron volt 千电子伏特13. deci，十分之一,分decimeter 分米decigram 十分之一克14. centi,百分之一15. milli，千分之一，毫millimole 毫摩（尔）milliliter 毫升16. micro,百万分之一,微，微小，微量microgram微克microogranism微生物microecology微生态学micropipet微量移液器17。
各专业英语专业名词
各专业英语专业名词1. 计算机科学：Computer Science，算法（Algorithm），数据结构（Data Structure），编程语言（Programming Language），软件工程（Software Engineering）等。
2. 医学：Medicine，解剖学（Anatomy），生理学（Physiology），药理学（Pharmacology），病理学（Pathology）等。
3. 经济学：Economics，宏观经济学（Macroeconomics），微观经济学（Microeconomics），国际贸易（International Trade），财政学（Finance）等。
4. 物理学：Physics，力学（Mechanics），电磁学（Electromagnetism），热力学（Thermodynamics），量子力学（Quantum Mechanics）等。
5. 生物学：Biology，细胞生物学（Cell Biology），遗传学（Genetics），生态学（Ecology），进化论（Evolution）等。
6. 心理学：Psychology，人格心理学（Personality Psychology），社会心理学（Social Psychology），发展心理学（Developmental Psychology），认知心理学（Cognitive Psychology）等。
7. 工程学：Engineering，机械工程（Mechanical Engineering），电气工程（Electrical Engineering），化学工程（Chemical Engineering），土木工程（Civil Engineering）等。
这只是一小部分专业的英语专业名词示例，每个领域都有其独特的专业术语。
如果你需要特定领域的专业名词，可以提供更多信息，我将尽力为你提供帮助。
各个学科的英文单词
各个学科的英文单词各个学科的英文单词在大学中有那么多个学科，你能一一用英语说出来吗?下面是店铺整理的各个学科的英文单词，欢迎大家阅读!中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学 Philosophy哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学(含税收学) Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律史 Legal History宪法学与行政法学 Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学Science of Environment and Natural Resources Protection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度 Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动Scientific Socialism and InternationalCommunist Movement中共党史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China(including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学 Ethnology民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy 中国少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史 Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术 Chinese Ethnic Art教育学 Education教育学 Education Science教育学原理 Educational Principle课程与教学论 Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史 History of Education比较教育学 Comparative Education学前教育学 Pre-school Education高等教育学 Higher Education成人教育学 Adult Education职业技术教育学 Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学 Special Education教育技术学 Education Technology心理学 Psychology基础心理学 Basic Psychology发展与心理学 Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学 Applied Psychology体育学 Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学 Humane and Sociological Science of Sports 运动人体科学 Human Movement Science体育教育训练学 Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学 Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学 Literature中国语言文学 Chinese Literature文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学 Chinese Philology中国古典文献学 Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature中国少数民族语言文学 Chinese Ethnic Language andLiterature比较文学与世界文学Comparative Literature and World Literature外国语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学 English Language and Literature俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学 French Language and Literature德语语言文学 German Language and Literature日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学 Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学 Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学 Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学 European Language and Literature亚非语言文学 Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in Foreign Languages新闻传播学 Journalism and Communication新闻学 Journalism传播学 Communication艺术学 Art艺术学 Art Theory音乐学 Music美术学 Fine Arts设计艺术学 Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学 Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学 Film广播电视艺术学 Radio and television Art舞蹈学 Dance历史学 History历史学 History史学理论及史学史 Historical Theories and History of Historical Science考古学及博物馆学 Archaeology and Museology历史地理学 Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (includingPaleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门史 History of Particular Subjects中国古代史 Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History理学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论 Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学(含化学物理) Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics)高分子化学与物理 Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment海洋科学 Marine Sciences物理海洋学 Physical Oceanography海洋化学 Marine Chemistry海洋生理学 Marine Biology海洋地质学 Marine Geology地球物理学 Geophysics固体地球物理学 Solid Earth Physics空间物理学 Space Physics地质学 Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral Deposit Geology地球化学 Geochemistry古生物学与地层学(含古人类学) Paleontology and Stratigraphy (includingPaleoanthropology)构造地质学 Structural Geology第四纪地质学 Quaternary Geology生物学 Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成 Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史 History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化Mechanical Manufacture and Automation机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术 Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械 Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程 Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器 Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化 Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术 Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering 通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理 Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering 检测技术与自动化装置Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制 Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术 Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology•共2页:•上一页•1•2•下一页。
生态学相关英语词汇
生态学相关英语词汇acid rain酸雨afforestation植树造林algae梅藻amphibian两栖类的，两栖动物balance of nature生态平衡bio-diversity生物多样性biosphere生物圈CFCs氟利昂decibel分贝deforestation采伐森林desertification土地沙漠化domestic sewage生活污水ecocide生态灭绝eco-friendy良好的环境eco-label生态标志ecological condition生态环境ecologist生态学家ecology生态学．对环境的科学研究ecosystem生态系，生态系统eco-tourist生态旅游；生态旅游业effluent流出物，排除物environmentalist环境工作者；环境问题专家fauna动物群flora植物群fumes有毒的废气global warming全球变暖green groups绿色环保组织greenhouse effect温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射mammal哺乳动物noxious有毒的nucleic acid(生物)核酸ozone hole臭氧洞ozone layer臭氧层photosynthesis光合作用plankton(总称)浮游动物p0Ilufion index污染指数polymer聚合物refuse垃圾、废物sewage污水sewage disposal污水处理sewage plant污水处理厂sewage purification污水净化soil pollution土壤污染solid waste固体垃圾stratosphere同温层ultraviolet radiation紫外线辐射wipe out a species物种灭绝。
生态学英语词汇-EcologyEnglish
生态学英语词汇-EcologyEnglish生态学词汇生态学ecologyhigher education press 高等教育出版社textbook series for 21st century 面向21世纪课程教材biosphere 生物圈economics 经济学the economy of Nature 自然经济molecular ecology 分子生态学evolutionary ecology 进化生态学autecology 个体生态学physiological ecology 生理生态学population ecology 种群生态学community ecology 群落生态学ecosystem ecology 生态系统生态学landscape ecology 景观生态学global ecology 全球生态学terrestrial ecology 陆地生态学marine ecology 海洋生态学freshwater ecology 淡水生态学island ecology 岛屿生态学urban ecology 城市生态学restoration ecology 恢复生态学engineering ecology 生态工程学human ecology 人类生态学ecological ethics 生态伦理学ecology of plants 植物生态学environment 环境space environment 宇宙环境global environment 地球环境geoenvironment 地理环境regional environment 区域环境microenvironment 微环境inner environment 内环境ecological factors 生态因子ecological environment 生态环境habitat 生境fitness 适合度homeostasis 内稳态homeostatic organisms 内稳态生物non-homeostatic organisms 非内稳态生物eitiolation phenomenon 黄化现象mytilus 贻贝macrosiphum 蚜虫thertnoperiodism 温周期现象phenology 物候学torpor 冬眠dispause 滞育population 种群population genetics 群体遗传学density 密度number 数目unitary organism 单体生物modular organism 构件生物module 构件natality 出生率mortality 死亡率sex ratio 性比age distribution 年龄分布life table 生命表survivorship curve 存活曲线cohort 同生群innate rate of increase 内禀增长率density-independent growth 与密度无关的增长per capitagrowth rate 每员增长率instantaneous rate of increase 瞬时增长率Logistic equation 逻辑斯谛方程maximum sustained yield 最大持续产量ecological invasion 生态入侵spatial pattern 空间格局internal distribution pattern 内分布型uniform 均匀型random 随机型clumped 成群型two dimentional net function interpolation method 二维网函数插值法threeterm local variance analysis 三项轨迹方差法hierarchical analysis of variance 等级方差分析法enigration 迁出immigration 迁入migration 迁移architecture 建筑学结构life history 生活史life cycle 生活周期traits 遗传特性development 发育growth 生长vegetative propagation 营养繁殖spore reproduction 孢子生殖sexual reproduction 有性生殖asexual reproduction 无性生殖exogenous migration 外因性迁移endogenous migration 内因性迁移reproductive effort 繁殖成效present reproductive value 剩余繁殖价值parental investment 亲本投资principle of allocation 分配原理reproductive costs 繁殖成本reproductive patterns 繁殖格局semelparity 一次繁殖生物iteroparity 多次繁殖生物lifespan 生命年限lifetime 寿命r-strategistis r-策略者opportunist 机会主义者conservatism 保守主义ruderal 杂草competition 竞争stress 胁迫selective fertilization 选择受精sexual selection 性选择ornamentation 修饰coloration 色泽courtship behavior 求偶行为sexual dimorphism 雌雄二形the descent of man selection in relation to sex 人类的由来及性选择intraspecific relationship 种内关系interspecific relationship 种间关系positive interaction 正相互作用negative interaction 负相互作用density effect 密度效应the effect of neighbours 邻接效应density independent 非密度制约density dependent 密度制约self-thinning 自疏现象faculative parthenogenesis 兼性孤雌生殖polygyny threshold 多配偶阈值monogamy 单配偶制polygamy 多配偶制polygany 一雄多雌制polyandry 一雌多雄制territory 领域social group 社群territorial behavior 领域行为territoriality 领域性social hierachy 社会等级dominant-submissive 支配-从属ferulic acid 阿魏酸vanillic acid 香草酸niche 生态位spatial niche 空间生态位trophic niche 营养生态位fundamental niche 基础生态位realized niche 实际生态位hypervolume 超体积habitat 生境predation 捕食作用prey 被捕食者predator 捕食者community 群落biocoenosis 生物群落ecotone 群落交错区phytocoenology 植物群落学geobotany 地植物学phytosociology 植物社会学pioneer stage 先锋阶段climax stage 顶极阶段individualistic concept 个体论概念constructive species 建群种subdominant 亚优势种companion species 伴生种rare species 偶见种abundance 多度dominant 优势abundant 丰盛frequent 常见occasional 偶见rare 稀少very rare 很少relative density 相对密度density ratio 密度比coverage 盖度cover ratio 盖度比frequency 频度frequency diagram 频度图解law of frequency 频度定律height 高度weight 重量。
(完整版)生态学(双语)专业英语单词
K-对策者 K-strategistisn维超体积资源空间 n—dimensional hyper—volume n维生态位 n—dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律 Law of Frequencyr-对策者 r—strategistis奥陶纪 Ordovician period白垩土草地 chalk grassland斑块 patch斑块性 patchiness斑块性种群 patchy population半荒漠 semi—desert半矩阵或星系图 constellation diagrams伴生种 companion species饱和密度 saturation density饱和期 asymptotic phase保护哲学 conservation philosophy北方针叶林 northern conifer forest被动取样假说 passive sampling hypothesis本能 instinct本能行为 instinctive behavior避敌 avoiding predator边缘效应 edge effect变异性 variability标志重捕法 mark recapture methods标准频度图解 frequency diagram表现型适应 phenotypic adaptation并行的 simultaneous并行同源 paralogy捕食 predation不重叠的 non-overlapping残存斑块 remnant patch残余廊道 remnant corridor操作性条件作用 operant conditioning草原生态系统 grassland system层次性结构 hierachical structure产卵和取食促进剂 oviposition and feeding stimulant 产业生态学 industry ecology长日照植物 long day plant超体积生态位 hyper—volume niche成本外摊 externalized cost程序化死亡 programmed cell death尺度效应 scaling effect抽彩式竞争 competive lottery臭氧层破坏 ozone layer destruction出生率 natality或birth rate初级生产 primary production初级生产力 primary productivity初级生产者 primary producer传感器 sensor串行的 serial垂直结构 vertical structure春化 vernalization次级生产 secondary production次级生产力 secondary productivity次生演替 secondary successon粗密度 crude density存活曲线 survival curve存活值 survival value存在度 presence搭载效应 hitchhiking effect大陆—岛屿型复合种群 mainland—island metapopulation 带状廊道 strip corridor单联 single linkage单体生物 unitary organism单位努力捕获量 catch per unit effort单元的 monothetic淡水生态系统 fresh water ecosystem氮循环 nitrogen cycling等级（系统）理论 hierarchy theory等级的 hierarchical底内动物 infauna底栖动物 benthos地表火 surface fire地带性生物群落 biome地理信息系统 geographic information system地面芽植物 hemicryptophytes地上芽植物 chamaephytes地植物学 geobotany第三纪 Tetiary period第四纪 Quaternary period点突变 genic mutation或point mutation电荷耦合器 charge coupled device, CCD顶极阶段 climax stage顶极群落 climax community顶极种 climax species动态率模型 dynamic pool model动态平衡理论 dynamic equilibrium theory动态生命表 dynamic life table动物痕迹的计数 counts of animal signs动物计数 counts of animals冻原 tundra短日照植物 short day plant断层 gaps多波段光谱扫描仪 multichannel spectrum scanner, MSS 多度 abundance多样化 variety多元的 poly thetic厄尔尼诺El Nino反馈feedback反射reflex泛化种generalist防卫行为defennce behavior访花昆虫flower visitor非等级的non-hierarchical非空间模型non—spatial model非内稳态生物non-homeostatic organism非平衡态复合种群nonequilibrium metapopulation非平衡态跟踪生境复合种群nonequilibrium habitat—tracking metapopulation非平衡态下降复合种群nonequilibrium declining metapopulation非生态位non-niche非生物环境physical environment非线性关系nonlinear分布dispersion分解者decomposer分支过程branching process分子分类学molecular taxonomy分子进化的中性理论the neutral theory of molecular evolution分子生态学molecular ecology分子系统学molecular systematics浮游动物plankton负反馈negative feedback）负荷量carrying capacity负相互作用negative interaction负选择negative selection附底动物epifauna复合种群metapopulation富营养化现象eutrohication改良relamation盖度coverage盖度比cover ratio干扰disturbance干扰斑块disturbance patch干扰廊道disturbance corridor干扰作用interference高度height高斯假说Coarse's hypothesis高斯理论Coarse’s theory高位芽植物phanerophytes格林威尔造山运动Grenville Orogenesis 个体individual个体论概念individualistic concept更新renewal功能生态位functional niche攻击行为aggressive behavior构件modules构件生物modular organism关键种keystone species关联系数association coefficients光饱和点light saturation point光补偿点light compensation point光周期photoperiod过滤器filter哈德-温伯格原理Hardy-Weinberg principle 海洋生态系统Ocean ecosytem寒武纪Cambrian period旱生植物siccocolous河流廊道river corridor恒有度contancy红树林mangrove呼吸量respiration互利mutualism互利素synomone互利作用synomonal化感作用allelopathy化学防御chemical defence化学生态学chemical ecology化学物质allelochemicals化学隐藏chemocryptic划分的divisive环境environment环境伦理学environmental ethics环境容纳量environmental carryin capacity环境资源斑块environmental resource patch环境资源廊道environmental resource corridor 荒漠desert荒漠化desertification荒漠生态系统desert ecosystem黄化现象eitiolation phenomenon恢复生态学restoration ecology混沌学chaos混合型mixed type活动库exchange pool获得性行为acquired behavior机体论学派organismic school基础生态位Fundamental niche基质matrix极点排序法polar ordination集群型clumped寄生parasitism加速期accelerating phase价值value价值流value flow间接排序indirect ordination间接梯度分析indirect gradiant analysis减速期decelerating phase简单聚合法lumping碱性植物alkaline soil plant建群种constructive species接触化学感觉contact chemoreception解磷菌或溶磷菌Phosphate—solubiIizing Microorganisms, PSM 进化适应evolutionary adaptation经典型复合种群classic metapopulation经济密度economic density景观landscape景观格局landscape patten景观过程模型process based landscape model景观结构landscape structure景观空间动态模型spatial dynamic landscape model景观生态学landscape ecology净初级生产量net primary production竞争competition竞争排斥原理competition exclusion principle静态生命表static life table局部种群local population距离效应distance effect聚合的agglomerative均匀型uniform菌根mycorrhiza抗毒素phytoalexins可持续发展sustainable development 空间结构spatial structure空间模型spatial model空间生态位spatial niche空间异质性spatial heterogeneity 库pool矿产资源mineral resources廊道corridor离散性discrete利己素allomone利己作用allomona利他行为altruism利他作用kairomonal连续体continuum联想学习associative learning猎食行为hunting behavior林冠火crown fire磷循环phosphorus cycling零假说null hypothesis领悟学习insight learning领域性territoriality流flow绿色核算green accounting逻辑斯谛方程logistic equation铆钉假说Rivet hypothesis密度density密度比density ratio密度制约死亡density－dependent mortality 面积效应area effect灭绝extinction铭记imprinting模拟hametic模型modeling牧食食物链grazing food chain内禀增长率intrinsic rate of increase内稳态homeostasis内稳态生物homeostatic organisms内源性endogenous内在的intrinsic耐阴植物shade－enduring plants能量分配原则principle of energy allocation 能量流动energy flow能源资源energy resources能值emergy泥盆纪Devonian period拟寄生parasitoidism逆分析inverse analysis年龄分布age distribution年龄结构age structure年龄性别锥体age—sex pyramid年龄锥体age pyramids偶见种rare species排序ordination配额quota配偶选择mate selection偏害amensalism偏利commensalism频度frequency平衡选择balancing selection平台plantform平行进化parallel evolution栖息地habitat期望值外推法extrapolation by expected value 气候驯化acclimatisation器官organs亲本投资parental investment亲族选择kin selection趋光性phototaxis趋化性chemotaxis趋同进化convergent evolution趋性taxis趋异进化divergent evolution趋异适应radiation adaptation取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 取样调查法sampling methods去除取样法removal sampling全联法complete linkage全球global全球变暖global warnning全球定位系统global Positioning System全球生态学global ecology确限度fidelity群丛association群丛单位理论association unit theory群丛组association group群落community群落的垂直结构vertical structure群落生态学community ecology群落水平格局horizontal pattern群落外貌physiognomy群落演替succession群系formation群系组formation group热带旱生林tropical dry forest热带季雨林tropical seasonal rainforest热带稀树草原tropical savanna热带雨林tropical rainforest热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 人工斑块introduced patch人工廊道introduced corridor人口调查法cencus technique人口统计学human demography日中性植物day neutral plant冗余redundancy冗余种假说Redundancy species hypothesis三叠纪Triassic period森林生态系统forest ecosystem熵值entropy value上渐线upper asymptotic社会性防卫行为defence behavior社会优势等级dominance hierarchy摄食行为feed behavior生活史life history生活史对策life history strategy生活小区biotope生活型life form生活周期life cycle生境habitat生境多样性假说habitat diversity hypothesis 生理出生率physiological natality生理死亡率physiological mortality生命表life table生态出生率ecological natality生态对策bionomic strategy生态反作用ecological reaction生态幅ecological amplitude生态工程ecological engineering生态工业ecological industry生态规划ecological planning生态恢复ecological restoration生态经济ecological economics生态旅游ecotourism生态密度ecological density生态农业ecological agriculture生态入侵ecological invasion生态设计ecological design生态适应ecological adaptation生态死亡率ecological mortality生态位niche生态位宽度niche breadth生态位相似性比例niche proportional similarity 生态位重叠niche overlap生态文明ecological civilization生态系统ecosystem生态系统产品ecosystem goods生态系统多样性ecosystem diversity生态系统服务ecosystem service生态系统生态学ecosystem ecology生态系统学ecosystemology生态型ecotype生态学ecology生态因子ecological factor生态元ecological unit生态作用ecological effect生物organism生物地球化学循环biogecochemical cycle生物多样性biodiversity生物量biomass生物潜能biotic potential生物群落biotic community,biome生物群落演替succession生殖潜能reproductive potential剩余空间residual space失共生aposymbiosis湿地wetland湿地生态系统wetland ecosystem湿地植物hygrophyte时间结构temporal structure实际出生率realized natality实际死亡率realized mortality食草动物herbivores食肉动物carnivores食物链food chain食物网food wed矢量vector适合度fitness适应辐射adaptive radiation适应值adaptive value适应组合adaptive suites收获理论harvest theory收益外泄externalized profit衰退型种群contracting population 水平格局horizontal pattern水土流失soil and water erosion 水循环water cycling瞬时增长率instantaneous rate死亡率mortality & death rate松散垂直耦连loose vertical coupling松散水平耦连loose horizontal coupling溯祖过程coalescent process溯祖理论coalescent theory酸性土理论acid soil plant酸雨acid rain随机型random碎屑食物链detritus food chainK-对策者K—strategistisn维超体积资源空间n-dimensional hyper—volume n维生态位n—dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律Law of Frequencyr—对策者r-strategistis奥陶纪Ordovician period白垩土草地chalk grassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchy population半荒漠semi-desert半矩阵或星系图constellation diagrams伴生种companion species饱和密度saturation density饱和期asymptotic phase保护哲学conservation philosophy北方针叶林northern conifer forest被动取样假说passive sampling hypothesis本能instinct本能行为instinctive behavior避敌avoiding predator边缘效应edge effect变异性variability标志重捕法mark recapture methods标准频度图解frequency diagram表现型适应phenotypic adaptation并行的simultaneous并行同源paralogy捕食predation不重叠的non—overlapping残存斑块remnant patch残余廊道remnant corridor操作性条件作用operant conditioning草原生态系统grassland system层次性结构hierachical structure产卵和取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 产业生态学industry ecology长日照植物long day plant超体积生态位hyper—volume niche成本外摊externalized cost程序化死亡programmed cell death尺度效应scaling effect抽彩式竞争competive lottery臭氧层破坏ozone layer destruction出生率natality或birth rate初级生产primary production初级生产力primary productivity初级生产者primary producer传感器sensor串行的serial垂直结构vertical structure春化vernalization次级生产secondary production次级生产力secondary productivity次生演替secondary successon粗密度crude density存活曲线survival curve存活值survival value存在度presence搭载效应hitchhiking effect大陆—岛屿型复合种群mainland-island metapopulation 带状廊道strip corridor单联single linkage单体生物unitary organism单位努力捕获量catch per unit effort单元的monothetic淡水生态系统fresh water ecosystem氮循环nitrogen cycling等级(系统)理论hierarchy theory等级的hierarchical底内动物infauna底栖动物benthos地表火surface fire地带性生物群落biome地理信息系统geographic information system 地面芽植物hemicryptophytes地上芽植物chamaephytes地植物学geobotany第三纪Tetiary period第四纪Quaternary period点突变genic mutation或point mutation电荷耦合器charge coupled device， CCD顶极阶段climax stage顶极群落climax community顶极种climax species动态率模型dynamic pool model动态平衡理论dynamic equilibrium theory动态生命表dynamic life table动物痕迹的计数counts of animal signs动物计数counts of animals冻原tundra短日照植物short day plant断层gaps多波段光谱扫描仪multichannel spectrum scanner， MSS多度abundance多样化variety多元的poly thetic厄尔尼诺El Nino反馈feedback反射reflex泛化种generalist防卫行为defennce behavior访花昆虫flower visitor非等级的non-hierarchical非空间模型non—spatial model非内稳态生物non-homeostatic organism非平衡态复合种群nonequilibrium metapopulation非平衡态跟踪生境复合种群nonequilibrium habitat—tracking metapopulation非平衡态下降复合种群nonequilibrium declining metapopulation非生态位non-niche非生物环境physical environment非线性关系nonlinear分布dispersion分解者decomposer分支过程branching process分子分类学molecular taxonomy分子进化的中性理论the neutral theory of molecular evolution 分子生态学molecular ecology分子系统学molecular systematics浮游动物plankton负反馈negative feedback）负荷量carrying capacity负相互作用negative interaction负选择negative selection附底动物epifauna复合种群metapopulation富营养化现象eutrohication改良relamation盖度coverage盖度比cover ratio干扰disturbance干扰斑块disturbance patch干扰廊道disturbance corridor干扰作用interference高度height高斯假说Coarse’s hypothes is高斯理论Coarse's theory高位芽植物phanerophytes格林威尔造山运动Grenville Orogenesis个体individual个体论概念individualistic concept更新renewal功能生态位functional niche攻击行为aggressive behavior构件modules构件生物modular organism关键种keystone species关联系数association coefficients光饱和点light saturation point光补偿点light compensation point光周期photoperiod过滤器filter哈德-温伯格原理Hardy—Weinberg principle 海洋生态系统Ocean ecosytem寒武纪Cambrian period旱生植物siccocolous河流廊道river corridor恒有度contancy红树林mangrove呼吸量respiration互利mutualism互利素synomone互利作用synomonal化感作用allelopathy化学防御chemical defence化学生态学chemical ecology化学物质allelochemicals化学隐藏chemocryptic划分的divisive环境environment环境伦理学environmental ethics环境容纳量environmental carryin capacity环境资源斑块environmental resource patch环境资源廊道environmental resource corridor 荒漠desert荒漠化desertification荒漠生态系统desert ecosystem黄化现象eitiolation phenomenon恢复生态学restoration ecology混沌学chaos混合型mixed type活动库exchange pool获得性行为acquired behavior机体论学派organismic school基础生态位Fundamental niche基质matrix极点排序法polar ordination集群型clumped寄生parasitism加速期accelerating phase价值value价值流value flow间接排序indirect ordination间接梯度分析indirect gradiant analysis减速期decelerating phase简单聚合法lumping碱性植物alkaline soil plant建群种constructive species接触化学感觉contact chemoreception解磷菌或溶磷菌Phosphate-solubiIizing Microorganisms， PSM 进化适应evolutionary adaptation经典型复合种群classic metapopulation经济密度economic density景观landscape景观格局landscape patten景观过程模型process based landscape model景观结构landscape structure景观空间动态模型spatial dynamic landscape model 景观生态学landscape ecology净初级生产量net primary production竞争competition竞争排斥原理competition exclusion principle静态生命表static life table局部种群local population距离效应distance effect聚合的agglomerative均匀型uniform菌根mycorrhiza抗毒素phytoalexins可持续发展sustainable development空间结构spatial structure空间模型spatial model空间生态位spatial niche空间异质性spatial heterogeneity库pool矿产资源mineral resources廊道corridor离散性discrete利己素allomone利己作用allomona利他行为altruism利他作用kairomonal连续体continuum联想学习associative learning猎食行为hunting behavior林冠火crown fire磷循环phosphorus cycling零假说null hypothesis领悟学习insight learning领域性territoriality流flow绿色核算green accounting逻辑斯谛方程logistic equation铆钉假说Rivet hypothesis密度density密度比density ratio密度制约死亡density－dependent mortality 面积效应area effect灭绝extinction铭记imprinting模拟hametic模型modeling牧食食物链grazing food chain内禀增长率intrinsic rate of increase内稳态homeostasis内稳态生物homeostatic organisms内源性endogenous内在的intrinsic耐阴植物shade－enduring plants能量分配原则principle of energy allocation 能量流动energy flow能源资源energy resources能值emergy泥盆纪Devonian period拟寄生parasitoidism逆分析inverse analysis年龄分布age distribution年龄结构age structure年龄性别锥体age-sex pyramid年龄锥体age pyramids偶见种rare species排序ordination配额quota配偶选择mate selection偏害amensalism偏利commensalism频度frequency平衡选择balancing selection平台plantform平行进化parallel evolution栖息地habitat期望值外推法extrapolation by expected value 气候驯化acclimatisation器官organs亲本投资parental investment亲族选择kin selection趋光性phototaxis趋化性chemotaxis趋同进化convergent evolution趋性taxis趋异进化divergent evolution趋异适应radiation adaptation取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 取样调查法sampling methods去除取样法removal sampling全联法complete linkage全球global全球变暖global warnning全球定位系统global Positioning System全球生态学global ecology确限度fidelity群丛association群丛单位理论association unit theory群丛组association group群落community群落的垂直结构vertical structure群落生态学community ecology群落水平格局horizontal pattern群落外貌physiognomy群落演替succession群系formation群系组formation group热带旱生林tropical dry forest热带季雨林tropical seasonal rainforest热带稀树草原tropical savanna热带雨林tropical rainforest热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 人工斑块introduced patch人工廊道introduced corridor人口调查法cencus technique人口统计学human demography日中性植物day neutral plant冗余redundancy冗余种假说Redundancy species hypothesis三叠纪Triassic period森林生态系统forest ecosystem熵值entropy value上渐线upper asymptotic社会性防卫行为defence behavior社会优势等级dominance hierarchy摄食行为feed behavior生活史life history生活史对策life history strategy生活小区biotope生活型life form生活周期life cycle生境habitat生境多样性假说habitat diversity hypothesis 生理出生率physiological natality生理死亡率physiological mortality生命表life table生态出生率ecological natality生态对策bionomic strategy生态反作用ecological reaction生态幅ecological amplitude生态工程ecological engineering生态工业ecological industry生态规划ecological planning生态恢复ecological restoration生态经济ecological economics生态旅游ecotourism生态密度ecological density生态农业ecological agriculture生态入侵ecological invasion生态设计ecological design生态适应ecological adaptation生态死亡率ecological mortality生态位niche生态位宽度niche breadth生态位相似性比例niche proportional similarity 生态位重叠niche overlap生态文明ecological civilization生态系统ecosystem生态系统产品ecosystem goods生态系统多样性ecosystem diversity生态系统服务ecosystem service生态系统生态学ecosystem ecology生态系统学ecosystemology生态型ecotype生态学ecology生态因子ecological factor生态元ecological unit生态作用ecological effect生物organism生物地球化学循环biogecochemical cycle 生物多样性biodiversity生物量biomass生物潜能biotic potential生物群落biotic community，biome生物群落演替succession生殖潜能reproductive potential剩余空间residual space失共生aposymbiosis湿地wetland湿地生态系统wetland ecosystem湿地植物hygrophyte时间结构temporal structure实际出生率realized natality实际死亡率realized mortality食草动物herbivores食肉动物carnivores食物链food chain食物网food wed矢量vector适合度fitness适应辐射adaptive radiation适应值adaptive value适应组合adaptive suites收获理论harvest theory收益外泄externalized profit衰退型种群contracting population水平格局horizontal pattern水土流失soil and water erosion水循环water cycling瞬时增长率instantaneous rate死亡率mortality ＆ death rate松散垂直耦连loose vertical coupling松散水平耦连loose horizontal coupling溯祖过程coalescent process溯祖理论coalescent theory酸性土理论acid soil plant酸雨acid rain随机型random碎屑食物链detritus food chainK—对策者K—strategistisn维超体积资源空间n—dimensional hyper—volume n维生态位n—dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律Law of Frequencyr—对策者r—strategistis奥陶纪Ordovician period白垩土草地chalk grassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchy population半荒漠semi—desert半矩阵或星系图constellation diagrams伴生种companion species饱和密度saturation density饱和期asymptotic phase保护哲学conservation philosophy北方针叶林northern conifer forest被动取样假说passive sampling hypothesis 本能instinct本能行为instinctive behavior避敌avoiding predator边缘效应edge effect。
生物学英语中英对照
生物学英语中英对照1. 遗传学 Genetics基因 Gene染色体 Chromosome遗传变异 Genetic variation2. 细胞生物学 Cell Biology细胞 Cell细胞核 Nucleus细胞膜 Cell membrane3. 生态学 Ecology生态系统 Ecosystem生物多样性 Biodiversity生物群落 Biome4. 分子生物学 Molecular Biology蛋白质 Protein核酸 Nucleic acid酶 Enzyme5. 发育生物学 Developmental Biology胚胎发育 Embryonic development细胞分化 Cell differentiation形态发生 Morphogenesis6. 植物学 Botany叶绿体 Chloroplast光合作用 Photosynthesis根系 Root system7. 动物学 Zoology器官 Organ组织 Tissue神经系统 Nervous system8. 微生物学 Microbiology细菌 Bacteria病毒 Virus真菌 Fungus9. 生物化学 Biochemistry代谢 MetabolismATP（三磷酸腺苷） ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)酶促反应 Enzymatic reaction10. 生理学 Physiology心脏 Heart肺 Lung肝脏 Liver生物学英语中英对照（续）11. 进化生物学 Evolutionary Biology自然选择 Natural selection物种形成 Speciation进化树 Evolutionary tree12. 行为生物学 Behavioral Biology繁殖行为 Reproductive behavior领域行为 Territorial behavior社会行为 Social behavior13. 神经生物学 Neurobiology神经元 Neuron突触 Synapse神经递质 Neurotransmitter14. 免疫学 Immunology抗体 Antibody免疫系统 Immune system炎症 Inflammation15. 营养学 Nutrition蛋白质 Protein碳水化合物 Carbohydrate脂肪 Fat16. 遗传工程 Genetic Engineering基因克隆 Gene cloning基因编辑 Gene editing转基因技术 Genetic modification 17. 生态遗传学 Ecological Genetics种群 Population环境适应性 Environmental adaptation遗传漂变 Genetic drift18. 生物信息学 Bioinformatics基因组学 Genomics蛋白质组学 Proteomics生物数据挖掘 Bioinformatics data mining19. 生物统计学 Biostatistics实验设计 Experimental design数据分析 Data analysis显著性检验 Significance test20. 环境生物学 Environmental Biology环境污染 Environmental pollution生态修复 Ecological restoration生物降解 Biodegradation这份生物学英语中英对照文档旨在帮助您更全面地了解生物学领域的专业术语。
(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇
Aabdomen 腹部abdominal 腹部的abiotic 非生物的abnormal 反常的，变态的abscisic 脱落酸abscission 脱落absorb 吸收（水、热、光等) absorption spectrum 吸收光谱，吸收谱absorption 吸收作用abut 连接accelerate 加速,加快acceptable 可接受的acceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐;醋酸根acetone 丙酮acetyl 乙酰基acorn 橡树子acquire［o’kwaio)uJ．获得，取得 ．actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化；激活activationenergy 活化能active site 活性中心active 主动的；活性的adapt 使适应,改编 适应adaptin 衔接蛋白adaptive radiation 适应辐射adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着；附着adipose 脂肪多的adjacent 毗邻的adjust 调节，调整；校正admit 让……进入adolescent 青少年adrenal肾上腺的， 肾上腺adulthood 成年affinity 亲和；吸引agar 琼脂，洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体Agrobacterium tumefaciens根癌农杆菌airborne 空气传播的alanine 丙氨酸albino 白化体albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone 醛固酮，醛甾酮allcviate 减轻；缓和allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因 突变遗传因子allosteric modification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的aloft 向上Alzheimer’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的 ～acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amnion 羊膜amoeboid 阿米巴样的amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的 两性的amphiploid 双倍体amplify 扩增amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的anal 肛门的,臀的analogous 机能相似的， 同功的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase （细胞分裂的）后期anaphase—promoting complex,APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学ancestor 祖先ancient 古老（的生物) 古老的anemia 贫血（症) 局部缺血angiosperm 被子植物anionic 阴离子的antagonistic 对抗性的antagonize 对抗；中和antennae 触角anterior 前的anther 花药anticodon 反密码子antidiuretiC 抗利尿的 抗利尿anus 肛门anus 肛门aorta 主动脉apex （复）apices 顶，顶点apparatus 体；器官;装置appendicitis 阑尾炎appendix 阑尾appetlte 食欲，胃口appreciable 可估计的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地,大约archaebacteria 古细菌archaic 古代的arterial 动脉的arteriole 小动脉artery 动脉arthritis 关节炎artificial chromosome 人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质），细胞asymmetric 不对称的atmosphere 大气层，大气圈atrium 心房autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomic neuron 自主神经元autonomously replicatingsequence A RS自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突axoplasm 轴浆Bbacillus 杆菌bacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome， B AC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌basal cell carcinoma 基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bilateral symmetry 两侧对称bilayer 双层binal 双重的，两倍的,孪生的binding 结合位点binomial 双名的biochemical 生物化学的biogeography 生物地理学biology 生物学biotechnology 生物技术biotic 生物的bipedal 两足动物的bipolar 双极的blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚blister水疱，疱blood pressure 血压blood-clotting 凝血boron 硼botanist 植物学家botanist 植物学家boulder 巨砾，圆石bounce 跳起breeze 微风bryophytes 苔藓类植物bud 芽buffer 缓冲,缓冲剂bulb 鳞茎bulky 泡状bumble 犯大错bump 碰,撞bundle 维管束bunting 巫鸟buoyancy 浮力buoyant 有浮力的butanol 丁醇Ccaecilian 无足类caffeine 咖啡因cambium 形成层Cambrian 寒武纪cancerous 癌的capillary bed 毛细血管床capillary 毛细血管capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotid 颈动脉的carpel 心皮catalyze 催化catecholamine 儿茶酚胺cateract 白内障cell secretion细胞分泌cell wall 细胞壁cellulose 纤维素,植物纤维物质Cenozoic 新生代centiped 少足类central dogma 中心法则central vacuole 中央液泡centrifuge 离心机centriole 中心粒centromere 着丝粒,着丝点centromeric sequence C EN着丝粒序列cephalization 头部形成cerebellum 小脑cerebral 大脑的champion 拥护者channel通道,管道chemotaxis 趋化性chlorine 氯，氯气chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟烃chlorophyll 叶绿素chlorophyllase 叶绿素酶chloroplast 叶绿体chloroquine 氯奎choke 窒息，噎cholesterol 胆固醇chordate 脊索动物chorion 绒毛膜chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析chromosome 染色体chylomicron 乳糜小滴chyme 食糜chymotripisn 糜蛋白酶chysophyte 金藻chytrids 壶菌cicada 蝉ciliated 具纤毛的Ciliophora 纤毛门circadian 全天的circulate 循环，环流circumstance 环境cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-G olgi network, C GN高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子citric 柠檬的clathrin-coated vesicle 披网格蛋白小泡cleavage 卵裂,细胞分裂cleave 分开clone 克隆，无性系clot 凝块cloverleaf 三叶草club fungi珊瑚菌担子菌（B asidiomycetes)coccus 球菌coccyx 尾骶骨的 尾骨code 密码coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coexist 共存coherent 粘着的，连贯的coil 卷，盘绕coincidence 巧合coleoptile 胚芽鞘collagen 骨胶原，成胶质collateral 侧支collenchyma 厚角组织commensalisms 共栖，共生competitive inhibitor 竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的，补充的concentration 浓度connective tissue 结缔组织constitutive enzyme 组成酶Constitutive secretory pathway 组成型分泌途径contaminant 沾染物contour 轮廓,外形contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩convulsion 惊厥coolant 冷却剂C O P II coated vesicles C O P II 被膜小泡C O P I coated vesicles C O P I被膜小泡copulate 交配cord 索cork 皮层，木栓cornea 角膜cortex 皮质corticosteroid 皮质甾类cortisol 肾上腺皮质索cotyledon 子叶cotyledonary 子叶的counterpart 副本，复本covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价covering 覆盖cranial nerves 脑神经cranial 脑的crawl 蠕动creature 生物crenate 圆齿状的crest 达到顶点cretaceous 白垩纪的crevice 裂缝crispnsee 脆，鲜嫩cristae 嵴 （拉）crossing over 遗传物质的交换cross—linked 交联的crustacea 浮游甲壳动物crustacean 甲壳动物crystalline 结晶的culture 培养，栽培cushione 缓冲 缓和cuticle 表皮，角质层cutin 角质cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependent proteinkinases, CD K 细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytokinin 细胞分裂素cytomembrane systeme 膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液，细胞溶质Ddaughter chromosome 子染色体debris 碎片decipher 破译decomposer 分解者degenerate 变性degrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖deposition 沉积作用deprive 剥夺deprive 夺去derevative 衍生物desensitization脱敏现象，减感作用detergent 去垢剂deuterostome 后口动物development 发育，发展dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析，渗析diaphragm 横隔膜diastolic 心脏舒张的diatom 硅藻differential centrifugation差速离心differentiation 分化diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散，渗滤digestive tract 消化道dihybrid 双因子杂种dilute 稀释dimensional 维,度，元dimer 二聚体dioxide 二氧化物dip 浸，蘸dipeptide 二肽diploid 二倍体的distort 变形，扭曲distortion 畸变，变形，失真divergence 分歧diverse vesicle 消化泡diversity 多样性，差异Docking protein， DP 停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基dominant 显性的，显性性状donor 供体dormant 休眠的dorsal 背面的dorsal root ganglion背根神经节dorsal 背部的double helix 双螺旋duodenum 十二指肠duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的，动态的dyneins 动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eearlobe 耳垂earthworm 蚯蚓echinoderm 棘皮动物ecological 生态学的ecosystem 生态系统ectoderm 外胚层ectotherm 冷血动物edoplasmic reticulum 内质网effector 效应器efferent 传出的egg 蛋，卵egg-laying mammals 卵生哺乳动物egret 白鹭，冠毛eject 排斥,逐出elaborate 精细制作的，复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹力结缔组织elastin 弹性蛋白electron 电子electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚,胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的emulsion 乳状液encephalitis 脑炎encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum内质网endosome 内体endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis 内共生endothelial 内皮的endotherm 热血动物enucleate 去…。
生态学专业英语词汇总结
生态学专业英语词汇总结摘要生态学是研究生物与其所处环境之间的相互关系和作用的科学。
生态学专业是培养具有生态学基础理论和方法，能够从事生态系统管理、保护和恢复等工作的高级人才的专业。
生态学专业的本科核心课程包括基础生态学、代谢生态学、种群生态学、群落生态学、保护生物学、进化生物学、生态系统生态学和生态学研究技术等。
本文旨在为生态学专业的学习和教学提供参考。
1. 基础生态学基础生态学是介绍生态学基本概念、原理和方法的课程，主要内容包括生态系统结构和功能、能量流动和物质循环、环境因子对生物分布和适应的影响、种间关系和群落动态等。
该课程涉及的专业英语词汇如下表所示：中文英文生态学ecology生物organism种species种群population群落community生境habitat生态位niche生物多样性biodiversity物种多样性species diversity物种丰富度species richness物种均匀度species evenness物种相似性species similarity物种区系flora and fauna物种地理分布biogeography生物圈biosphere生态系统ecosystem生产者producer消费者consumer分解者decomposer能量流动energy flow物质循环nutrient cycling碳循环carbon cycle氮循环nitrogen cycle磷循环phosphorus cycle环境因子environmental factor光照light温度temperature水分moisture土壤soilpH值pH value盐度salinity适应性adaptation突变mutation自然选择natural selection遗传漂变genetic drift基因流gene flow物种形成speciation物种灭绝extinction种间关系interspecific interaction共生关系symbiosis寄生关系parasitism共利关系mutualism共栖关系commensalism捕食关系predation2. 代谢生态学代谢生态学是研究生物体在不同环境条件下的能量代谢和物质转化过程及其规律的课程，主要内容包括代谢类型、代谢率、代谢平衡、代谢效率、代谢策略等。
专业英语-生态学教材
森林生态系统提供的碳汇服务，可通过计算其吸收二氧化碳的量，再根据碳汇交易市场价格来评估其价值。
价值评估意义
通过价值评估，可以更好地认识生态系统服务的价值，为生态补偿和生态保护提供依据。
采取生态保护红线、自然保护区、生态补偿等措施来保护生态系统服务。
保护措施
管理策略
国际合作
实施可持续土地利用、生态农业、生态旅游等管理策略，促进生态系统服务的可持续利用。
森林砍伐
城市化进程中，大量的土地被转化为城市建设，破坏了原有的生态系统，影响了动植物的生存和迁徙。
城市化进程
为了满足人类的食物需求，大量的土地被转化为农业用地，导致天然植被减少，生物多样性降低。
农业扩张
The impact of land use change
大气污染
工业废气、汽车尾气等排放到大气中，导致空气质量恶化，影响人类健康，并对全球气候变化产生影响。
气候变化导致生态系统中的物种数量和种群大小发生变化，影响生态系统的稳定性和功能。
生物多样性降低
气候变化导致一些物种灭绝或濒临灭绝，使生物多样性降低。
物种分布改变
由于气候变化，一些物种的生存环境受到威胁，导致它们的分布范围缩小或消失。
The impact of climate change on ecosystems
Research methods for biodiversity
总结词：Researchers use various methods to study biodiversity, including field surveys, ecological modeling, DNA barcoding, and metabarcoding.
生物学专业英语词汇（I）
生物学专业英语词汇(I)i band 蛤同性带ibis 朱鹭ice 冰ice age 冰川时代ichthyography 鱼类志ichthyology 鱼类学ichthyopsids 鱼形类ichthyosaur 鱼龙类ichthyotoxicology 鱼毒学ichthyotoxin 鱼毒icosahedral virion 二十面体病毒粒子icsh 黄体生成素icterus 黄疸id 遗子idant 遗子因identical twins 单卵双生identification 鉴定identification key 检隧idioadaptation 个别适应idiobiology 个体生物学idioblast 异细胞idioblastic 异细胞的idiochromatin 性染色质idiochromosome 性染色体idioecology 个体生态学idiogenetics 个体遗传idiogram 染色体组型idiomer 染色体泡idioplasm 生殖质idiosome 异状体idiosyncrasy 特异体质idiotype 个体基因型idiovariation 个体突变idiozome 异状体ig 免疫球蛋白igneous rock 火成岩ileum 回肠iliac bone 肠骨iliac vein 肠骨静脉iliodelphus 部联胎iliopagus 部联胎ilium 肠骨illumination 照明illusion 错觉illuvial horizon b层ilness 疾病image forming technique 画像编修技术imaginal bud 成虫盘imaginal disc 成虫盘imaginal moult 羽化imago 成虫imbibition 吸胀imbibition pressure 吸胀压imidazole 味唑imino acid 亚氨基酸imitation 模拟immarginate 无边缘的immature cell 未成熟细胞immaturity 未成熟immersion 浸液immersion lens 油浸物镜immersion objective 油浸物镜immigration 迁移immiscible 咪唑immission damage 注射害immission injury 注射害immobilization 固定化immovable joint 不动关节immune 免疫的immune antibody 免疫抗体immune body 免疫体immune complex 免疫复合物immune cytolysis 免疫细胞溶解immune serum 免疫血清immune surveillance 免疫监视immunity 免疫immunity breeding 免疫种育种immunity substance 免疫性物质immunization 免疫酌immunizator 免疫体immuno engineering 免疫工程immunobiology 免疫生物学immunochemistry 免疫化学immunochromatography 免疫色谱法immunoelectrophoresis 免疫电泳immunogen 免疫原immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunological memory 免疫记忆immunological reaction 免疫反应immunological torelance 免疫耐受性immunology 免疫学immunoprotein 免疫蛋白质immunoreaction 免疫反应immunosensor 免疫感受器immunosuppression 免疫抑制immunotherapy 免疫疗法immunotolerance 免疫耐受性imperfect flower 不完全花imperfect fungi 半知菌类impermeability 不透性impermeable 不透的impermeable soil 不渗透性土壤impervious 不透的impervious soil 不渗透性土壤imperviousness 不透性implant 植入物implantation 移植implantation of the fallopian tube 子宫输卵管移植implements 工具impondment lake 贮水池imposed rest 促成休眠impregnation 受孕impression preparation 印象标本imprinting 印痕improved variety 改良品种improvement 改良improvement of breed 动物育种improving of environment 环境改良impulse 脉冲impure substance 不纯物质impurity 不纯物质impurity of seed 种子不纯度imputrescible 不腐败的in situ hybridization 原位混合法in situ synthesis 原位合成in vitro 离体in vitro culture 活体外培养in vivo 活体inactivation 失活inactive precursor 无活性前体inanimate 无生命的inanimate object 无生物inanition 饥饿inarching 靠接inarticulate 无结节的inbred lines 近交系inbreeding 近亲交配inbreeding coefficient 近交系数inbreeding depression 近交衰退inbreeding population 近交群体incentive 诱惑力incidental species 偶见种incineration 烧灰incipient plasmolysis 初始质壁分离incipient species 端始种incision 缺刻incision enzyme 切断酶incisor 门齿incisor tooth 门齿inclement winter 严冬inclusion body 内含体inclusive fitness 包括适应度incompatibility 不亲和性incompatibility factor 不相合因子incompatible 不亲和的incomplete antibody 不完全抗体incomplete dominance 半显性incomplete flower 不完全花incomplete mesentery 不完全隔膜incomplete metamorphosis 半变态incongruent crossing 不适宜交配incongruent hybridization 不适宜交配incorporation 掺合incrassate 增厚的increase 增加increase in diameter 加厚生长increase in population 人口增加increment 增加increta 内分泌物incretion 内分泌incretology 内分泌学incretory 内分泌的incretory gland 内分泌腺incrustation 皮层incrusted seed 有外皮种子incubation 孵卵incubation behavior 孵化行为incubation drive 孵化驱动incubation mixture 保温混合物incubation patch 抱卵点incubation period 孵化时间incubation time 培养时间incubator 孵卵器恒温箱incurrent canal 廉沟incurvation 内弯incus 砧骨indefinite bud 不定芽indefinite inflorescence 无限花序indehiscent fruit 闭果independent assortment of genes 基因自由组合independent character 独立分配特征independent culling 独立选择independent differentiation 织分化independent mutation 独立突变indeterminate inflorescence 无限花序indeterminate plants 中间性植物类index fossil 指示化石index number 指标index of discrimination 辨别指数index of similarity 相似系数index selection 指标选择index species 特罩indian corn 玉蜀黍indican 尿蓝母indication 指示indicator 指示剂indicator enzyme 指示酶indicator plant 指示植物indicator species 指示种indigene 土生动植物indigenous plant 本地生植物indigenous species 土著种indigestibility 不消化indigestion 不消化indigo 青定蓝indirect development 间接发育indirect division 间接分裂indirect nuclear division 间接核分裂indispensable amino acid 必需氨基酸individium 个体individual 个体individual distance 个体间距individual nest 个体巢individual recognition 个体识别individual selection 个体选择individual variation 个体变异individuality 个体性individualization 个体化individuation 个体化indole 3 acetic acid 吲哚 3 乙酸indole 氮节induced mutation 诱发突变inducer 诱导剂inducibility 诱导性inducible enzyme 诱导酶inducible phage 诱导噬菌体inducing substance 诱导物质induction 感应induction of flowering 开花诱导induction of mutation 诱发突变induction period 诱导期inductive agent 诱导剂inductive capacity 诱导力inductive infection 诱导感染inductive phase 诱导期inductive statistics 随机学inductive substance 诱导物质inductor 诱导剂indusium 囊群盖industrial melanism 工业黑化现象industrial microbiology 工业微生物学industrial plant 工业植物industrial waste 工业废物inequal cleavage 不等裂inert gene 惰性基因inexcitability 无兴奋性infarct 梗塞infauna 海底潜底性动物infect agent 病原体infection 触染infection pressure 感染压infectious abortion 传染性龙infectious disease 传染病infectious nucleic acid 感染性核酸infectious titer 感染效价infective center 感染中心infectivity 传染性infecundity 不育inferent 传入的inferior maxilla 下颌骨inferior ovary 下位子房inferior palea 外稃infertility 不育infestation 侵扰infiltration 浸润inflammation 炎症inflated 溶胀的inflation 膨胀inflorescence 花序列inflorescence axis 花序轴inflow 岭influence 影响influenza 列性感冒influenza virus 列性感冒病毒information biology 生物信息学information content 信息容量information processing 信息加工information theory 信息论informational macromolecule 信息大分子informosome 信息体infrared heater 红外线加热器infrared rays 红外线infrared spectrum 红外线吸收光谱infrascapular 肩胛下的infrasound 超低音波infructescence 果序列infundibular leaf 漏斗形叶infundibular organ 漏斗瀑infundibulum 漏斗infusion 注入infusion solution 输液infusoria 纤毛类infusorial earth 硅藻土infusorians 纤毛类ingestion 摄食ingestion of food 食物摄取ingestion of nutritive substance 营养素摄取ingredient 成分ingression 内移inguinal gland 腹股沟腺inguinal region 腹股沟inhalation 吸入inhalent canal 廉沟inhalent siphon 入水管inherent 固有的inheritable 可遗传的inheritable variation 遗传性变异inheritance 遗传inheritance of acquired characters 获得性状遗传inherited character 遗传性状inherited immunity 遗传免疫inhibiting antibody 抑制抗体inhibiting gene 抑制基因inhibiting nerve 抑制性神经inhibiting substance 抑制物质inhibition 抑制inhibition of germination 发芽抑制inhibitor 抑制因子inhibitory action 抑制酌inhibitory effect 抑制酌inhibitory nerve 抑制性神经inhibitory postsynaptic potential 抑制性突触后电势inhibitory reaction 抑制性反应inhibitory substance 抑制物质inhibitory synapse 抑制性突触inhomogeneity 异质性inisine acid 肌甙酸initial cell 原始细胞initial community 先锋群落initial growth index 初生长指数initial infection 一次侵入initial population 原始群体initial velocity 初速度initiating cell 原始细胞initiation codon 起始密码子initiator 起动器起动装置injection 注射injector 注射器injurious insect 害虫injury 损伤ink gland 墨腺ink sac 墨囊innate 先天的innate capacity for increase 内僭然增长率innate releasing mechanism 先天释放机制inner capsule 内荚膜inner ear 内耳inner integument 内珠inner longitudinal layer 内纵层inner seed coat 内种皮innervation 神经支配innocent tumour 良性肿瘤innocuousness 无害性innominate bone 骨innovation shoot 更新芽inoculated tumour 接种肿瘤inoculation 接种inoculum 接种体inorganic environment 无机环境inorganic fertilizer 无机肥料inorganic phosphorus 无机磷inorganic respiration 无机呼吸inosine 肌甙inosine triphosphate 次黄苷三磷酸inosinic acid 肌甙酸inosite 肌醇inquiline 寄食inquilinism 寄食现象insect 昆虫insect catching leaf 食虫叶insect gall 虫瘿insect injury 虫害insect pollination 虫媒insect pollinator 花粉媒虫insect resistance 耐虫性insect society 昆虫社会insect state 昆虫社会insect transmission 昆虫传染insect vector 昆虫媒介insecta 昆虫类insectarium 昆虫饲养室insecticide 杀虫剂insecticide resistance 抗杀虫性insectivores 食虫类insectivorous 食虫的insectivorous leaf 食虫叶insectivorous plant 食虫植物insectology 昆虫学insects 昆虫类insemination 授精insemination reaction 授精反应insensibility 无感觉insertion 插入insertion breakage 插入断裂insertion sequence 插入序列insertion vector 插入运载体insertional translocation 插入移位insight 识别力insight behavior 洞察行为insolation 日射insolubility 不溶性insoluble fibrin 不溶性血纤维蛋白inspection system 检查体系inspiration 吸气inspiratory reserve volume 补吸气量inspired air 吸气instability 不稳定性instar 龄instictive action 本能的动作instinct 本能instinct hierarchy 本能等级结构instinct of self preservation 自存本能instinctive behavior 本能行为instinctive movement 本能运动insufficiency 机能不全insulation 隔离insulin 胰岛素insulin receptor 胰岛素受体intact dna 完整 dnaintake 摄取integer programming 整数规划化integrase 统合酶integrated genome 整合基因组integration 整合酌integrifolious 全缘叶的integument 珠被intelligence 智力intelligence quotient 智力系数intemperate phage 毒性噬菌体intensifying factors 加强基因intensifying genes 加强基因intensity of infestation 侵扰度intensive agriculture 集约农业intensive farming 集约农业intensive rearing 集约饲育intention movement 意向运动inter brain 间脑inter oestrual period 发情间隔inter varietal crossing 变种间交配interaction 相互酌interallelic complementation 等位基因内互补interallelic recombination 等位基因内重组interambulacral zone 间步带interarm pairing 臂间配对interband 间带interbrachial membrane 腕间膜interbrain 间脑interbranchial septum 鳃隔膜intercalary deletion 中间缺失intercalary growth 居间生长intercalary meristem 居间分生组织intercalary translocation 插入易位intercalation 插入intercellar layer 中层intercellular fluid 胞间液intercellular space 细胞间隙intercellular substance 胞间质interchange 置换interchangea 相互易位interchromosomal recombination 染色体间重组intercistronic recombination 顺反子间重组intercostal 肋间的intercropping 间作intercross 互交intercrossing 互交interfascicular cambium 束间形成层interference 干涉interference distance 干涉距离interference microscopy 干涉显微镜检术interferon 干扰素intergeneric hybrid 属间杂种intergeneric hybridization 属间杂交intergenic complementation 基因间互补interglacial period 间冰期intergrana lamella 基粒间薄片interkinesis 分裂间期interleukin 白细胞间介素interlinear cross 品系间杂交interlocking 互锁intermediary metabolism 中间代谢intermediate form 中间类型intermediate host 中间宿主中间寄主intermediate hybrid 中间杂种intermediate lobe of hypophysis 脑垂体中叶intermediate product 中间产物intermicellar space 微胞间隙intermittent fever 间歇热internal capsule 内囊internal clock 生物钟internal environment 内环境internal fertilization 体内受精internal gill 内鳃internal ligament 内韧带internal marginal zone 内缘带internal membrane system 内膜系internal milieu 内环境internal parsite 体内寄生物internal respiration 内呼吸internal secretion 内分泌internal skeleton 内骨international rules of nomenclature 国际命名法规international unit 国际单位interneurone 中间神经元internodal cell 节间细胞internodal growth 节间生长internode 节间internodium 节间interoceptor 内感受器interoreceptor 内感受器interosseous 骨间的interpetiolar 叶柄间的interphase 分裂间期interphase nucleus 间期核interphasic nucleus 间期核interplantation 内植interpolation 内插法interradial canal 间辐管interrupted gene 断裂基因intersegmental membrane 节间膜intersex 间性intersexuality 雌雄间性interspace 间隙interspecies competition 种间竞争interspecific competition 种间竞争interspecific hybrid 种间杂种intersterility 杂交不育性interstice 间隙interstitial cell 间质细胞interstitial cell stimulating hormone 黄体生成素interstitial chiasma 中间交叉interstitial fauna 间隙动物相interstitial fluid 胞间液interstitial lamella 间介板interstitial tissue 间质组织intertidal zone 潮间带interval 中间intervarietal hybrid 品种间杂种intervertebral disc 椎间盘intestinal bacterium 肠内细菌intestinal canal 肠道intestinal gland 肠腺intestinal juice 肠液intestinal parasite 肠寄生虫intestinal peristalsis 肠蠕动intestinal portal 肠门intestinal respiration 肠呼吸intestinal villus 肠绒毛intestinal wall 肠壁intestine 肠intima 内膜intine 内壁intolerant tree 阳生树intoxication 中毒intra arterial 动脉内的intracellular digestion 胞内消化intracellular electrode 细胞内电极intracellular enzyme 胞内酶intracellular freezing 细胞内冻结intrachromosomal aberration 染色体内畸变intrachromosomal recombination 染色体内重组intracoelomic graft 体腔内移植intraembryonic coelom 胚体腔intrafascicular cambium 束中形成层intragenic recombination 基因内重组intragenic suppression 基因内抑制intramolecular bond 分子内键合intramolecular respiration 分子内呼吸intranuclear mitosis 核内有丝分裂intraspecies competition 种内竞争intraspecific competition 种内竞争intraspecific cross 种内杂交intraspecific mimicry 种内拟态intrauterine 子宫内的intravascular 血管内的intravital staining 活体染色intrazonal soil 隐域土壤intrinsic factor 内因intrinsic rate of natural increase 内僭然增长率introduction 引种introgression 渐渗现象introgressive hybridization 渐渗杂交intussusception 侵入生长inulase 菊糖酶inulin 菊糖inulinase 菊糖酶inundation 洪水invader species 侵入种invaders 侵入种invagination 内陷inversion 倒位inversion duplication 倒位重复inversion heterozygote 倒位杂合子invert sugar 转化糖invertase 蔗糖酶invertebrates 无脊椎动物inverted microscope 倒置显微镜investigation 研究inviability 生存不能invisible mutation 不可见突变involucel 小总苞involucellum 小总苞involucral bract 总苞叶involucre 总苞involuntary muscle 不随意肌involuntary nervous system 不随意神经系统involution 退化iodation 碘化酌iodide 碘化物iodiferous 有碘的iodine 碘iodine number 碘值iodine solution 碘溶液iodine value 碘值iodo acetic acid 碘醋酸iodometry 碘量滴定法iodopsin 视紫蓝质ion 离子ion antagonismus 离子对抗酌ion current 离子流ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色谱法ion exchange resin 离子交换尸ion flow 离子流ion transport 离子传输ionic pump 离子泵ionic regulation 离子第ioning exchange 离子交换ionization 电离ionized water 离子水ionizing ray 电离线ionophore 离子载体iridophore 虹细胞iris 虹彩iron 铁iron bacteria 铁细菌iron deficiency 铁缺乏iron induced chlorosis 铁诱导萎黄病irradiation 扩散;辐射irradiation dose 照射剂量irregular crossingover 不规则交叉irreversibility 非可逆性irreversibility of evolution 进化的不可逆性irreversible process 不可逆过程irrigable culture 灌水栽培irrigated land 灌溉地irrigation 灌溉irrigation water 灌溉水irritability 应激性irritation 刺激isatin 靛红ischiopodite 坐肢节ischium 坐骨isidium 珊嚎island 岛isle 岛islet 岛islets of langerhans 郎格罕氏岛iso osmotic solution 等渗溶液isoagglutinin 同族凝集素isoagglutinogen 同种凝集原isoallele 同等位基因isoamylase 异淀粉酶isoantibody 同族抗体isoantigen 同族抗原isobar 等压线isobody 同族抗体isobrachial chromosome 等臂染色体isochromatid break 等位染色单体断裂isocitric acid 异柠檬酸isocytotoxin 同种细胞毒素isoelectric point 等电点isoenzyme 同功酶isogamete 同形配子isogamy 同配生殖isogenic line 等基因系isogenome 同形染色体组isogeny 同源isohemagglutination 同族血细胞凝集素isohemoagglutination 同族血细胞凝集素isohemolysin 同族溶血素isohormone 同族激素isohyet 等雨量线isoimmunity 同种免疫isoimmunization 同族免疫isoiony 等离子性isolate 分离物isolation 分离isolation gene 隔离基因isolation index 隔离指数isolation mechanism 隔离机制isolecithal egg 均黄卵isoleucine 异亮氨酸isomar 等物候线isomer 异构体isomerase 异构酶isomerism 异构现象isomerized sugar 异构化糖isomery 异构现象isometric contraction 等长收缩isomorphism 同形性isophane 等物候线isophene 等物候线isophenogamy 同表型配合isoploidy 同倍性isopolyploid 同多倍体的isopolyploidy 同倍性isoprene 异戊二烯isoprenoid 类异戊二烯isospore 同形孢子isospory 孢子同型isotherm 等温线isotonia 等张性isotonic coefficient 等张系数isotonic contraction 等张力性收缩isotonic solution 等渗溶液isotope 同位素isotope dilution analysis 同位素稀释分析isotope tracer technique 同位素示踪法isotopic tracer 放射性示踪剂isotropic band 蛤同性带isotype 同号模式标本isotypy 均一型isozygosity 遗传同一性isozygoty 遗传同一性isozyme 同功酶isthmus 峡itaconic acid 衣康酸itch mite 疥癣虫ivory 象牙ixodology 蜱螨学。
生态学英语名词解释
生态学英语名词解释
生态学是研究生物与环境相互作用的学科，涉及很多专业术语。
本文将为您
介绍一些常用的生态学英语名词，帮助您更好地理解生态学相关的英文文章和研
究成果。
1. Biodiversity - 生物多样性
生物多样性是指地球上所有生物种类、基因和生态系统的多样性。
包括物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性。
2. Habitat - 栖息地
栖息地是指为某种生物提供生存和繁殖条件的自然环境或生态
系统。
3. Community - 群落
群落是指在一定空间内所有生物种群的集合体，包括动物、植物和微生物。
4. Ecosystem - 生态系统
生态系统是指生物群落与其非生物环境相互作用的系统，包括生物、土壤、水和气候等环境因素。
5. Biome - 生物群系
生物群系是指在地球上不同地区、具有相似气候和生态条件的生物群落集合体。
6. Endangered species - 濒危物种
濒危物种是指受到威胁、数量锐减、分布范围缩小的物种。
7. Conservation - 保护
保护是指采取措施，保护自然资源和生物多样性，防止生态系统受到破坏或破坏已经发生的生态系统得到修复。
8. Pollution - 污染
污染是指环境中某些物质或能量的浓度或强度超过某种生态系
统或生物种群的容忍限度，而对生态系统或生物种群造成损害的现象。
9. Climate change - 气候变化
气候变化是指地球气候在长期时间尺度上发生的变化，可能是自然因素或人类活动引起的。
生态学专业术语英汉对照2
Ecology 生态学individuals 个体population 种群communities 群落ecosystems 生态系统behavioral ecology 行为生态学physiological ecology 生理生态学evolutionary ecology 进化生态学molecular ecology 分子生态学fitness 适合度natural selection 自然选择adaptation 适应genotype 基因型phenotype 表型phenotypic plasticity 表型可塑性offspring 后代genes 基因nongenetic factors 非遗传因素not inherited 不遗传conditions 条件resources 资源environmental variation 环境变异internal regulation 内调节homeostasis 稳态negative feedback 负反馈tolerance 耐受性temperature 温度not depletable 不能耗掉solar radiation 太阳辐射decouple 退耦niche 生态位habitat 栖息地multidimensional niche space 多维生态位空间Fundamental niche基础生态位Realized niche 实际生态位Prey 猎物Foraging 觅食Dimension 轴或维Global wind pattern 地球的风型The circulation of oceans 洋流Rain 降雨Havoc['hævək] 灾害Hurricane 飓风Latitude 纬度Irradiance [i'reidiəns,-si]辐射度Summer solstice 夏至Winter solstice 冬至Adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却Scale 尺度Coriolis effect 科里奥利效应Intertropical convergence zone热带辐合带Jet streams 急流Albedo 反照率Gulf stream 墨西哥湾流Lee of a continent 背风面Upwelling 上涌流Adiabatic lapse rate 绝热温度递减率Inversion 逆温Heat of condensation 凝结热Heat 热Temperature profiles温度剖面Relative humidity 相对湿度Saturated water 饱和水water vapor 水蒸汽microclimate 微气候thermal['θə:məl]conductivity 热传导chemical properties of water 水的化学特性penetration of light through water光线穿透水Energy transfer and water phases能量转化和水相Deplete 耗竭Ions 离子Electropositive 正电性的Electronegative 负电性的Beer’s law 比尔定律Heat capacity 热容量Maximum density 最大密度Latent heat of vaporization增发潜热Heat of fusion 溶解热Sublimation 升华Soil water 土壤水Field capacity 田间持水量The uptake of water by roots根对水的吸收Aquatic plants 水生植物Water availability 水的可利用性Plant productivity 植物生产力Permanent wilting point 永久萎焉点Potential evapotranspiration rate 潜在蒸发蒸腾速率Capillary pores 毛细管孔隙Resource depletion zone 资源枯竭区Halophytes 盐生植物Water balance in fish 鱼类的水平衡Amphibians 两栖类Water conservation by terrestrial animals 陆生动物的水保持Mammalian 哺乳动物Kidneys 肾脏Bladder 膀胱Beavers 河狸Osmoregulation 渗透调节Countercurrent exchange 逆流调节Hypertonic 高渗的Homeotherms 恒温动物Poikilotherms 变温动物Ectotherms 外温动物Endotherms 内温动物Temperature thresholds 温度阀Mechanisms 机理Enzyme 酶The thermoneutral zone 热中性区Dehydration 脱水Rates of development and growth发育和生长速度Acclimation and acclimatization 驯化和气候驯化Developmental threshold Temperature 发育温度阀Physiological time 生理时间Vernalization 春化Species distribution 物种分布Evolved response 进化反应Mean temperature 平均温度Isotherm 等温线Radiant energy 辐射能Photosynthesis 光合作用Efficiency of radiant energy conversion 辐射能的转换效率Changes in the intensity of radiation 辐射强度的变化Strategic and tactical response of plants to radiation 植物对辐射的战略和战术响应Compensation point 补偿点Photosynthetically active radiation （PAR）光和活性辐射Efficiency of Photosynthesis 光合作用效率Photosynthetic capacity 光合能力Diurnal and annual rhythms of solar radiation 太阳辐射日节律和年节律Resource depletion zone 资源耗竭带Strategic difference 战略差异Tactical response 战术响应Transpiration 蒸腾Net assimilation 净同化量Nutrient sources 营养物资源Nutrient budgets 营养预算Terrestrial communities 陆地群落Aquatic communities 水生群落Geochemistry 地球化学Global biogeochemical cycles 全球生物地球循环Mechanical weathering 机械风化Chemical weathering 化学腐蚀Wetfall 湿降落Dryfall 干降落Rainout component 雨水冲失成分Washout component 水冲失成分Streamflow 溪流Denitrification 脱氮Endorheic内陆湖泊Biogeochemistry 生物地球化学Hydrosphere carbon 水圈的碳Weathering 风化作用Nitrogen cycle 氮循环Phosphorus 氮Sediment 沉积型Lithospheric 岩石圈Sulfur 硫The fate of matter in the community 群落中物质的命运Producers 生产者Consumers 消费者Decomposers 分解者Autotrophs 自养生物Grazing mammals 草食哺乳动物Phytoplankton 浮游植物Zooplankton 浮游动物Bacteria 细菌Fungi 真菌Nonliving 无生命Food chains 食物链Primary and secondary production 初级和次级生产力Net Primary production 净初级生产力Aphotic zone 无光区Photic zone 透光区Primary consumers 初级消费者Secondary consumer 次级消费者Soil formation 土壤形成The soil profile 土壤剖面Primary classification：the great soil groups 主要分类：大土壤群Higher vegetation 高等植物Dynamic mixture 动态混合物Organic matter 有机质Cells 细胞Pedology 土壤学Subsoil 亚土壤Mineral soil 矿物质土壤Parent material 母质Soil series 土系Soil surveyor 土壤勘测员Succession 演替Ecosystem patterns 生态系统格局Soil horizons 土层Humic acids 腐植酸Great soil groups 土壤群Population size 种群大小Age and stage structure 年龄和时期结构Zygote 受精卵Unitary organism 单体生物Modular organism 构件生物Ramets 无性系分株Clone 无性系Genet 基株Evolutionary individuals 进化个体Immediate ecological impact 直接生态作用Stable age distribution 稳定年龄分布Age pyramid 年龄金字塔Stationary age distribution 固定的年龄分布Stage structure 时期结构Sizes classes 个体大小群Natality 出生率Mortality 死亡率Survivorship 存活率Life tables 生命表K-factor analysis k-因子分析The fecundity schedule 生殖力表Population growth 种群增长Density-independent Population growth 非密度制约性种群增长Density-dependent growth-the logistic equation 密度制约性种群增长：逻辑斯缔方程Life expectancy 生命期望Survivorship curve 存活曲线Cohort 同生群Age-specific survival rate 特定年龄存活率Key factors 关键因子Killing factor 致死因子Basic reproduction rate 基础繁殖率Carrying capacity 环境容纳量Estimating density 估计密度Mark release recapture 标记重捕法Density dependence密度制约Equilibrium population density平衡种群密度Relative density相对密度Allee effect阿利效应Exactly compensating准确补偿Undercompensating补偿不足Overcompensating过度补偿H4Population fluctuations 种群波动Chaos 混沌Expanding and contracting populations 增长种群和收缩种群Stable limit cycle 稳定极限环I1Competition 竞争Predation 捕食Parasitism 寄生Mutualism互利共生Intraspecific competition种内竞争Interspecific competition种间竞争Exploitation competition利用性竞争Interference competition干扰性竞争Cannibalism 自相残杀Altruism 利他主义Commensualism 偏利共生Amensualism偏害共生I2Dispersal扩散Territoriality领域性Niche shift生态位转移Allelopathy异株克生Competive asymmetry 竞争不对称Scramble competition争夺竞争Contest competition格斗竞争Zero net growth isocline零增长等斜线Self-thinning自疏Inbreeding近亲繁殖Reproductive value繁殖价值Leks 求偶场Competitive exclusion 竞争排斥Limiting similarity 极限相似性Competitive release 极限释放Character displacement 性状替换Apparent competition 表观竞争Enemy-free space 无敌空间Highly heterogeneous 高度异质性Gaps 断层Probability refuge 隐蔽机率J1Herbivores 食草动物Carnivores 食肉动物Omnivores 杂食动物Chemical defences 化学防御Behavioral strategies 行为对策Specialists 特化种Generalist 泛化种Monophagous单食者Oligophagous寡食者Polyphagous 多食者Parasites 寄生者J2Predator switching 捕食者转换Profitability of prey 猎物收益率Plant defence 植物防御The ideal free distribution 理想自由分布Functional response 功能反应Superpredation 超捕食K1Parasites 寄生物Modes of transmission 传播方式Social parasites 社会性寄生物Helminth worms 寄生蠕虫Insects 昆虫Necrotrophs 食尸动物Parasitoids 拟寄生物The cellular immune response 细胞免疫反应Vectors 媒介Optimal habitat use 最佳生境利用Brood parasitism 窝寄生Evolutionary constraint 进化约束Immunity 免疫Cevolution协同进化Gene for gene 基因对基因Mimics 模仿Herd immunity 群体免疫Antigenic stability 抗原稳定L1Pollination 传粉Symbiotic 共生性Obligate 专性Lichens 地衣Outcrossing 异型杂交Mitochondria 线粒体Chloroplasts 叶绿体M1Reproductive values 生殖价Hypothetical organism 假定生物Migration 迁移Senescence衰老Diapause 滞育Dormancy 休眠Longevity 寿命Enormous variation 巨大变异Energy allocation 能量分配Semelparity 单次生殖Iteroparity 多次生殖Carrying capacity 容纳量Current/future reproduction当前/未来繁殖Habitat disturbance 环境干扰The current/future reproductive output 当前/未来繁殖输出A high/low cost of reproduction 高/低繁殖付出Seed bank 种子库Torper蛰伏Hibernation 冬眠Cryptobiosis 隐生现象Aestivation 夏眠Migration 迁徙Morphological forms 形态学性状Generations世代Mechanistic level 机制水平Cooperation 合作Grouping-benefits 集群-好处Altruism 利他行为Group defens e 群防御Inclusive fitness 广义适合度Eusociality 真社会性Hymenoptera 膜翅目Haplodiploid 单倍二倍体Venomous sting毒刺N2Sex 性The costs of inbreeding 近交的代价Self-fertilization 自体受精Sexual versus asexual reproduction 有性和无性生殖Sex ratio 交配体制Monogyny 单配制Polygyny 一雄多雌制Polyandry 一雌多雄制Inbreeding depression 近交衰退Hermaphrodite 雌雄同体Recombine 重组Rare type advantage 稀少型有利Equal investment 相等投入Local mate competition局域交配竞争Epigamic 诱惑性Intrasexual selection 性内选择Intersexual selection 性间选择O1Alleles 等位基因Polymorphism 多型Genetic drift 遗传漂变Genetic bottleneck 遗传瓶颈Rare species 稀有物种Extinction 灭绝Chromosome染色体Genotype 遗传型Phenotype 表现型Gene pool 基因库Gel electrophoresis 凝胶电泳O2Gene flow 基因流Differentiation 分化Sibling species 姊妹种Genetic revolution 遗传演变Peripheral isolates 边缘隔离PTransfer efficiencies 转换效率（net）primary productivity (净)初级生产力Respiratory heat 呼吸热Grazer system 牧食者系统Food chains 食物链Pathways of nutrient flow营养物流Food webs 食物网QCommunity structure 群落结构Community boundaries 群落边界Guilds同资源种团Community organization 群落组织Species diversity 物种多样性Energy flow 能量流Superorganism 超有机体Species-poor/rich 物种贫乏/丰富Biomass stability 生物量稳定性Tundra 冻原Island biogeography 岛屿生物地理学Turnover rate 周转率Source of colonists 移植者源Relaxation松弛Edgespecies 边缘物种Interior species 内部物种Corridor 走廊Greenways 绿色通道Community assembly群落集合Grazers 食草动物Carnivores 食肉动物Keystone species 关键物种Dominance control 优势控制Habitat affinity生境亲和力Prey switching 猎物转换RSuccession 演替Climax Community 顶级群落Pioneer species 先锋物种Primary succession 原生演替Alluvial deposit 冲积层Secondary succession 次生演替Acidifying effect 酸化作用Opportunistic机会主义Cellulose 植物纤维素Lignin 木质素Resource ratio hypothesis 资源比假说Fluctuations 波动Cyclic succession 循环演替Disturbance 干扰Patch dynamics板块动态Mini-succession 微型演替Cambium 形成层Neotropical forest 新热带雨林Priority effect 优先效应SVegetation 植被Ecotones 群落交错区Climate map 气候图Biomes 生物群系Heat budget 热量预算Zonation 分带Grassland 草地Primary regions 基本区域Desertification 荒漠化Arctic tundra 北极冻原Alpine tundra 高山冻原Permafrost 永冻层Coniferous boreal forest北方针叶林Temperature forest 温带森林Tropical forest 热带森林Salinization 盐渍化Primary saltwater regions 基本盐水区域Opens oceans 开阔海洋Continental shelves 大陆架The intertidal zone 潮间带Salt marsh 盐沼Mudflats淤泥滩Mangroves 红树林Pelagic 浮游生物Photic zone 有光带Phyto plankton 浮游植物Nekton 自泳动物Benthic 底栖Rocky shore 岩岸Zonation 分带Streams 溪流Ponds 池塘Environmental concerns 环境关系Catchment area 集水区Temperature inversion 温度逆转Biomanipulation 生物处理TThe goals of harvesting 收获目标Quota limitation 配额限制Environmental fluctuation环境波动Maximum possible yiel最大可能产量Net recruitment 净补充量Surplus yield 过剩产量Age structure 年龄结构Population data 种群数据Stable equilibrium 稳定平衡Harvesting effort 收获努力Gun licences 猎枪执照Rod licences钓鱼许可证Upwelling of cold water冷水上升流Fisheries 渔业Ocean productivity 大洋生产力The tragedy of the common公共灾难Overexploitation 过捕Pollution 污染Global decline 全球性下降By-catch 附带收获Community perturbations 群落扰动Oil spills 原油泄漏Eutrophication 富营养化Algal blooms 水华Red tides 赤潮Biomagnification 生物放大作用UPest 有害生物Natural enemies 天敌Ruderal 杂草型Economic/aesthetic injury level 经济/美学损害水平Cultural 栽培Biological control 生物防治‘Silent spring’寂静的春天Chemical toxicity 化学毒性Evolution of resistance抗性进化Microbial insecticide微生物杀虫剂Inoculation接种Augmentation扩大Inundation 爆发VRare species 稀有种Genetic diversity 遗传多样性Extinction 灭绝Endemic species 特有种Habitat fragmentation 生境片段化Insularization 岛屿化Biodiversity 生物多样性Strategies for conservation保育对策Antarctic treaty 南极协议Ecotourism生态旅游WAir pollution空气污染Acid rain 酸雨Water pollutants 水体污染物Soil pollution 土壤污染Acid deposition 酸降Pathogens病源体Chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量Anaerobes 厌氧菌The greenhouse effect 温室效应Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Ozone 臭氧Photochemical smog 光化学烟雾XOverview 概述Soil erosion 土壤侵蚀Soil compaction 土壤硬结Contour ploughing等高耕作Cover crops 覆盖作物No-till farming 免耕农业。
生态学 英语
生态学 英语
涵盖了许多环境科学。
生态学专注于生态系统的研究，该系统包括非生物和生物组成部分。
该学科与许多其他学科有关联，包括环境科学，地理学，生命科学和社会科学。
生态学的英语单词是ecology。
生态学家使用对生态系统的理解来评估人类活动对环境的影响。
他们研究不同类型的生态系统，并努力了解它们是如何互动和影响地球上其他生态系统的。
在生态学中，有各种分支。
其中许多涉及不同类型的生态系统和不同类型的生物。
一些例子包括流域生态学，海洋生态学和城市生态学。
生态学的研究可以涵盖从个体行为到全球气候变化的范围。
生态学的研究对于环境保护至关重要。
通过理解生态系统如何工作以及人类活动如何影响这些系统，我们可以采取措施保护地球，并确保我们的资源得到合理利用。
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K-对策者K-strategistisn维超体积资源空间n-dimensional hyper-volume n维生态位n-dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律Law of Frequencyr-对策者r-strategistis奥陶纪Ordovician period白垩土草地chalk grassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchy population半荒漠semi-desert半矩阵或星系图constellation diagrams伴生种companion species饱和密度saturation density饱和期asymptotic phase保护哲学conservation philosophy北方针叶林northern conifer forest被动取样假说passive sampling hypothesis本能instinct本能行为instinctive behavior避敌avoiding predator边缘效应edge effect变异性variability标志重捕法mark recapture methods标准频度图解frequency diagram表现型适应phenotypic adaptation并行的simultaneous并行同源paralogy捕食predation不重叠的non-overlapping残存斑块remnant patch残余廊道remnant corridor操作性条件作用operant conditioning草原生态系统grassland system层次性结构hierachical structure产卵和取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 产业生态学industry ecology长日照植物long day plant超体积生态位hyper—volume niche成本外摊externalized cost程序化死亡programmed cell death尺度效应scaling effect抽彩式竞争competive lottery臭氧层破坏ozone layer destruction出生率natality或birth rate初级生产primary production初级生产力primary productivity初级生产者primary producer传感器sensor串行的serial垂直结构vertical structure春化vernalization次级生产secondary production次级生产力secondary productivity次生演替secondary successon粗密度crude density存活曲线survival curve存活值survival value存在度presence搭载效应hitchhiking effect大陆—岛屿型复合种群mainland-island metapopulation 带状廊道strip corridor单联single linkage单体生物unitary organism单位努力捕获量catch per unit effort单元的monothetic淡水生态系统fresh water ecosystem氮循环nitrogen cycling等级(系统)理论hierarchy theory等级的hierarchical底内动物infauna底栖动物benthos地表火surface fire地带性生物群落biome地理信息系统geographic information system 地面芽植物hemicryptophytes地上芽植物chamaephytes地植物学geobotany第三纪Tetiary period第四纪Quaternary period点突变genic mutation或point mutation电荷耦合器charge coupled device, CCD顶极阶段climax stage顶极群落climax community顶极种climax species动态率模型dynamic pool model动态平衡理论dynamic equilibrium theory动态生命表dynamic life table动物痕迹的计数counts of animal signs动物计数counts of animals冻原tundra短日照植物short day plant断层gaps多波段光谱扫描仪multichannel spectrum scanner, MSS多度abundance多样化variety多元的poly thetic厄尔尼诺El Nino反馈feedback反射reflex泛化种generalist防卫行为defennce behavior访花昆虫flower visitor非等级的non-hierarchical非空间模型non-spatial model非内稳态生物non-homeostatic organism非平衡态复合种群nonequilibrium metapopulation非平衡态跟踪生境复合种群nonequilibrium habitat-tracking metapopulation非平衡态下降复合种群nonequilibrium declining metapopulation非生态位non—niche非生物环境physical environment非线性关系nonlinear分布dispersion分解者decomposer分支过程branching process分子分类学molecular taxonomy分子进化的中性理论the neutral theory of molecular evolution 分子生态学molecular ecology分子系统学molecular systematics浮游动物plankton负反馈negative feedback)负荷量carrying capacity负相互作用negative interaction负选择negative selection附底动物epifauna复合种群metapopulation富营养化现象eutrohication改良relamation盖度coverage盖度比cover ratio干扰disturbance干扰斑块disturbance patch干扰廊道disturbance corridor干扰作用interference高度height高斯假说Coarse's hypothesis高斯理论Coarse's theory高位芽植物phanerophytes格林威尔造山运动Grenville Orogenesis个体individual个体论概念individualistic concept更新renewal功能生态位functional niche攻击行为aggressive behavior构件modules构件生物modular organism关键种keystone species关联系数association coefficients光饱和点light saturation point光补偿点light compensation point光周期photoperiod过滤器filter哈德-温伯格原理Hardy-Weinberg principle海洋生态系统Ocean ecosytem寒武纪Cambrian period旱生植物siccocolous河流廊道river corridor恒有度contancy红树林mangrove呼吸量respiration互利mutualism互利素synomone互利作用synomonal化感作用allelopathy化学防御chemical defence化学生态学chemical ecology化学物质allelochemicals化学隐藏chemocryptic划分的divisive环境environment环境伦理学environmental ethics环境容纳量environmental carryin capacity环境资源斑块environmental resource patch环境资源廊道environmental resource corridor 荒漠desert荒漠化desertification荒漠生态系统desert ecosystem黄化现象eitiolation phenomenon恢复生态学restoration ecology混沌学chaos混合型mixed type活动库exchange pool获得性行为acquired behavior机体论学派organismic school基础生态位Fundamental niche基质matrix极点排序法polar ordination集群型clumped寄生parasitism加速期accelerating phase价值value价值流value flow间接排序indirect ordination间接梯度分析indirect gradiant analysis 减速期decelerating phase简单聚合法lumping碱性植物alkaline soil plant建群种constructive species接触化学感觉contact chemoreception解磷菌或溶磷菌Phosphate-solubiIizing Microorganisms, PSM 进化适应evolutionary adaptation经典型复合种群classic metapopulation经济密度economic density景观landscape景观格局landscape patten景观过程模型process based landscape model景观结构landscape structure景观空间动态模型spatial dynamic landscape model景观生态学landscape ecology净初级生产量net primary production竞争competition竞争排斥原理competition exclusion principle静态生命表static life table局部种群local population距离效应distance effect聚合的agglomerative均匀型uniform菌根mycorrhiza抗毒素phytoalexins可持续发展sustainable development 空间结构spatial structure空间模型spatial model空间生态位spatial niche空间异质性spatial heterogeneity 库pool矿产资源mineral resources廊道corridor离散性discrete利己素allomone利己作用allomona利他行为altruism利他作用kairomonal连续体continuum联想学习associative learning猎食行为hunting behavior林冠火crown fire磷循环phosphorus cycling零假说null hypothesis领悟学习insight learning领域性territoriality流flow绿色核算green accounting逻辑斯谛方程logistic equation铆钉假说Rivet hypothesis密度density密度比density ratio密度制约死亡density－dependent mortality 面积效应area effect灭绝extinction铭记imprinting模拟hametic模型modeling牧食食物链grazing food chain内禀增长率intrinsic rate of increase内稳态homeostasis内稳态生物homeostatic organisms内源性endogenous内在的intrinsic耐阴植物shade－enduring plants能量分配原则principle of energy allocation 能量流动energy flow能源资源energy resources能值emergy泥盆纪Devonian period拟寄生parasitoidism逆分析inverse analysis年龄分布age distribution年龄结构age structure年龄性别锥体age-sex pyramid年龄锥体age pyramids偶见种rare species排序ordination配额quota配偶选择mate selection偏害amensalism偏利commensalism频度frequency平衡选择balancing selection平台plantform平行进化parallel evolution栖息地habitat期望值外推法extrapolation by expected value 气候驯化acclimatisation器官organs亲本投资parental investment亲族选择kin selection趋光性phototaxis趋化性chemotaxis趋同进化convergent evolution趋性taxis趋异进化divergent evolution趋异适应radiation adaptation取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 取样调查法sampling methods去除取样法removal sampling全联法complete linkage全球global全球变暖global warnning全球定位系统global Positioning System全球生态学global ecology确限度fidelity群丛association群丛单位理论association unit theory群丛组association group群落community群落的垂直结构vertical structure群落生态学community ecology群落水平格局horizontal pattern群落外貌physiognomy群落演替succession群系formation群系组formation group热带旱生林tropical dry forest热带季雨林tropical seasonal rainforest热带稀树草原tropical savanna热带雨林tropical rainforest热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 人工斑块introduced patch人工廊道introduced corridor人口调查法cencus technique人口统计学human demography日中性植物day neutral plant冗余redundancy冗余种假说Redundancy species hypothesis三叠纪Triassic period森林生态系统forest ecosystem熵值entropy value上渐线upper asymptotic社会性防卫行为defence behavior社会优势等级dominance hierarchy摄食行为feed behavior生活史life history生活史对策life history strategy生活小区biotope生活型life form生活周期life cycle生境habitat生境多样性假说habitat diversity hypothesis 生理出生率physiological natality生理死亡率physiological mortality生命表life table生态出生率ecological natality生态对策bionomic strategy生态反作用ecological reaction生态幅ecological amplitude生态工程ecological engineering生态工业ecological industry生态规划ecological planning生态恢复ecological restoration生态经济ecological economics生态旅游ecotourism生态密度ecological density生态农业ecological agriculture生态入侵ecological invasion生态设计ecological design生态适应ecological adaptation生态死亡率ecological mortality生态位niche生态位宽度niche breadth生态位相似性比例niche proportional similarity 生态位重叠niche overlap生态文明ecological civilization生态系统ecosystem生态系统产品ecosystem goods生态系统多样性ecosystem diversity生态系统服务ecosystem service生态系统生态学ecosystem ecology生态系统学ecosystemology生态型ecotype生态学ecology生态因子ecological factor生态元ecological unit生态作用ecological effect生物organism生物地球化学循环biogecochemical cycle 生物多样性biodiversity生物量biomass生物潜能biotic potential生物群落biotic community，biome生物群落演替succession生殖潜能reproductive potential剩余空间residual space失共生aposymbiosis湿地wetland湿地生态系统wetland ecosystem湿地植物hygrophyte时间结构temporal structure实际出生率realized natality实际死亡率realized mortality食草动物herbivores食肉动物carnivores食物链food chain食物网food wed矢量vector适合度fitness适应辐射adaptive radiation适应值adaptive value适应组合adaptive suites收获理论harvest theory收益外泄externalized profit衰退型种群contracting population水平格局horizontal pattern水土流失soil and water erosion水循环water cycling瞬时增长率instantaneous rate死亡率mortality & death rate松散垂直耦连loose vertical coupling松散水平耦连loose horizontal coupling 溯祖过程coalescent process溯祖理论coalescent theory酸性土理论acid soil plant酸雨acid rain随机型random碎屑食物链detritus food chainK-对策者K-strategistisn维超体积资源空间n-dimensional hyper-volume n维生态位n-dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律Law of Frequencyr-对策者r-strategistis奥陶纪Ordovician period白垩土草地chalk grassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchy population半荒漠semi-desert半矩阵或星系图constellation diagrams伴生种companion species饱和密度saturation density饱和期asymptotic phase保护哲学conservation philosophy北方针叶林northern conifer forest被动取样假说passive sampling hypothesis本能instinct本能行为instinctive behavior避敌avoiding predator边缘效应edge effect变异性variability标志重捕法mark recapture methods标准频度图解frequency diagram表现型适应phenotypic adaptation并行的simultaneous并行同源paralogy捕食predation不重叠的non-overlapping残存斑块remnant patch残余廊道remnant corridor操作性条件作用operant conditioning草原生态系统grassland system层次性结构hierachical structure产卵和取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 产业生态学industry ecology长日照植物long day plant超体积生态位hyper—volume niche成本外摊externalized cost程序化死亡programmed cell death尺度效应scaling effect抽彩式竞争competive lottery臭氧层破坏ozone layer destruction出生率natality或birth rate初级生产primary production初级生产力primary productivity初级生产者primary producer传感器sensor串行的serial垂直结构vertical structure春化vernalization次级生产secondary production次级生产力secondary productivity次生演替secondary successon粗密度crude density存活曲线survival curve存活值survival value存在度presence搭载效应hitchhiking effect大陆—岛屿型复合种群mainland-island metapopulation 带状廊道strip corridor单联single linkage单体生物unitary organism单位努力捕获量catch per unit effort单元的monothetic淡水生态系统fresh water ecosystem氮循环nitrogen cycling等级(系统)理论hierarchy theory等级的hierarchical底内动物infauna底栖动物benthos地表火surface fire地带性生物群落biome地理信息系统geographic information system 地面芽植物hemicryptophytes地上芽植物chamaephytes地植物学geobotany第三纪Tetiary period第四纪Quaternary period点突变genic mutation或point mutation电荷耦合器charge coupled device, CCD顶极阶段climax stage顶极群落climax community顶极种climax species动态率模型dynamic pool model动态平衡理论dynamic equilibrium theory动态生命表dynamic life table动物痕迹的计数counts of animal signs动物计数counts of animals冻原tundra短日照植物short day plant断层gaps多波段光谱扫描仪multichannel spectrum scanner, MSS多度abundance多样化variety多元的poly thetic厄尔尼诺El Nino反馈feedback反射reflex泛化种generalist防卫行为defennce behavior访花昆虫flower visitor非等级的non-hierarchical非空间模型non-spatial model非内稳态生物non-homeostatic organism非平衡态复合种群nonequilibrium metapopulation非平衡态跟踪生境复合种群nonequilibrium habitat-tracking metapopulation非平衡态下降复合种群nonequilibrium declining metapopulation非生态位non—niche非生物环境physical environment非线性关系nonlinear分布dispersion分解者decomposer分支过程branching process分子分类学molecular taxonomy分子进化的中性理论the neutral theory of molecular evolution 分子生态学molecular ecology分子系统学molecular systematics浮游动物plankton负反馈negative feedback)负荷量carrying capacity负相互作用negative interaction负选择negative selection附底动物epifauna复合种群metapopulation富营养化现象eutrohication改良relamation盖度coverage盖度比cover ratio干扰disturbance干扰斑块disturbance patch干扰廊道disturbance corridor干扰作用interference高度height高斯假说Coarse's hypothesis高斯理论Coarse's theory高位芽植物phanerophytes格林威尔造山运动Grenville Orogenesis个体individual个体论概念individualistic concept更新renewal功能生态位functional niche攻击行为aggressive behavior构件modules构件生物modular organism关键种keystone species关联系数association coefficients光饱和点light saturation point光补偿点light compensation point光周期photoperiod过滤器filter哈德-温伯格原理Hardy-Weinberg principle 海洋生态系统Ocean ecosytem寒武纪Cambrian period旱生植物siccocolous河流廊道river corridor恒有度contancy红树林mangrove呼吸量respiration互利mutualism互利素synomone互利作用synomonal化感作用allelopathy化学防御chemical defence化学生态学chemical ecology化学物质allelochemicals化学隐藏chemocryptic划分的divisive环境environment环境伦理学environmental ethics环境容纳量environmental carryin capacity环境资源斑块environmental resource patch环境资源廊道environmental resource corridor 荒漠desert荒漠化desertification荒漠生态系统desert ecosystem黄化现象eitiolation phenomenon恢复生态学restoration ecology混沌学chaos混合型mixed type活动库exchange pool获得性行为acquired behavior机体论学派organismic school基础生态位Fundamental niche基质matrix极点排序法polar ordination集群型clumped寄生parasitism加速期accelerating phase价值value价值流value flow间接排序indirect ordination间接梯度分析indirect gradiant analysis 减速期decelerating phase简单聚合法lumping碱性植物alkaline soil plant建群种constructive species接触化学感觉contact chemoreception解磷菌或溶磷菌Phosphate-solubiIizing Microorganisms, PSM 进化适应evolutionary adaptation经典型复合种群classic metapopulation经济密度economic density景观landscape景观格局landscape patten景观过程模型process based landscape model景观结构landscape structure景观空间动态模型spatial dynamic landscape model景观生态学landscape ecology净初级生产量net primary production竞争competition竞争排斥原理competition exclusion principle静态生命表static life table局部种群local population距离效应distance effect聚合的agglomerative均匀型uniform菌根mycorrhiza抗毒素phytoalexins可持续发展sustainable development空间结构spatial structure空间模型spatial model空间生态位spatial niche空间异质性spatial heterogeneity 库pool矿产资源mineral resources廊道corridor离散性discrete利己素allomone利己作用allomona利他行为altruism利他作用kairomonal连续体continuum联想学习associative learning猎食行为hunting behavior林冠火crown fire磷循环phosphorus cycling零假说null hypothesis领悟学习insight learning领域性territoriality流flow绿色核算green accounting逻辑斯谛方程logistic equation铆钉假说Rivet hypothesis密度density密度比density ratio密度制约死亡density－dependent mortality 面积效应area effect灭绝extinction铭记imprinting模拟hametic模型modeling牧食食物链grazing food chain内禀增长率intrinsic rate of increase内稳态homeostasis内稳态生物homeostatic organisms内源性endogenous内在的intrinsic耐阴植物shade－enduring plants能量分配原则principle of energy allocation 能量流动energy flow能源资源energy resources能值emergy泥盆纪Devonian period拟寄生parasitoidism逆分析inverse analysis年龄分布age distribution年龄结构age structure年龄性别锥体age-sex pyramid年龄锥体age pyramids偶见种rare species排序ordination配额quota配偶选择mate selection偏害amensalism偏利commensalism频度frequency平衡选择balancing selection平台plantform平行进化parallel evolution栖息地habitat期望值外推法extrapolation by expected value 气候驯化acclimatisation器官organs亲本投资parental investment亲族选择kin selection趋光性phototaxis趋化性chemotaxis趋同进化convergent evolution趋性taxis趋异进化divergent evolution趋异适应radiation adaptation取食促进剂oviposition and feeding stimulant 取样调查法sampling methods去除取样法removal sampling全联法complete linkage全球global全球变暖global warnning全球定位系统global Positioning System全球生态学global ecology确限度fidelity群丛association群丛单位理论association unit theory群丛组association group群落community群落的垂直结构vertical structure群落生态学community ecology群落水平格局horizontal pattern群落外貌physiognomy群落演替succession群系formation群系组formation group热带旱生林tropical dry forest热带季雨林tropical seasonal rainforest热带稀树草原tropical savanna热带雨林tropical rainforest热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 人工斑块introduced patch人工廊道introduced corridor人口调查法cencus technique人口统计学human demography日中性植物day neutral plant冗余redundancy冗余种假说Redundancy species hypothesis三叠纪Triassic period森林生态系统forest ecosystem熵值entropy value上渐线upper asymptotic社会性防卫行为defence behavior社会优势等级dominance hierarchy摄食行为feed behavior生活史life history生活史对策life history strategy生活小区biotope生活型life form生活周期life cycle生境habitat生境多样性假说habitat diversity hypothesis 生理出生率physiological natality生理死亡率physiological mortality生命表life table生态出生率ecological natality生态对策bionomic strategy生态反作用ecological reaction生态幅ecological amplitude生态工程ecological engineering生态工业ecological industry生态规划ecological planning生态恢复ecological restoration生态经济ecological economics生态旅游ecotourism生态密度ecological density生态农业ecological agriculture生态入侵ecological invasion生态设计ecological design生态适应ecological adaptation生态死亡率ecological mortality生态位niche生态位宽度niche breadth生态位相似性比例niche proportional similarity 生态位重叠niche overlap生态文明ecological civilization生态系统ecosystem生态系统产品ecosystem goods生态系统多样性ecosystem diversity生态系统服务ecosystem service生态系统生态学ecosystem ecology生态系统学ecosystemology生态型ecotype生态学ecology生态因子ecological factor生态元ecological unit生态作用ecological effect生物organism生物地球化学循环biogecochemical cycle 生物多样性biodiversity生物量biomass生物潜能biotic potential生物群落biotic community，biome生物群落演替succession生殖潜能reproductive potential剩余空间residual space失共生aposymbiosis湿地wetland湿地生态系统wetland ecosystem湿地植物hygrophyte时间结构temporal structure实际出生率realized natality实际死亡率realized mortality食草动物herbivores食肉动物carnivores食物链food chain食物网food wed矢量vector适合度fitness适应辐射adaptive radiation适应值adaptive value适应组合adaptive suites收获理论harvest theory收益外泄externalized profit衰退型种群contracting population水平格局horizontal pattern水土流失soil and water erosion水循环water cycling瞬时增长率instantaneous rate死亡率mortality & death rate松散垂直耦连loose vertical coupling松散水平耦连loose horizontal coupling溯祖过程coalescent process溯祖理论coalescent theory酸性土理论acid soil plant酸雨acid rain随机型random碎屑食物链detritus food chainK-对策者K-strategistisn维超体积资源空间n-dimensional hyper-volumen维生态位n-dimensional nicheRaunkiaer定律Law of Frequencyr-对策者r-strategistis奥陶纪Ordovician period白垩土草地chalk grassland斑块patch斑块性patchiness斑块性种群patchy population半荒漠semi-desert半矩阵或星系图constellation diagrams伴生种companion species饱和密度saturation density饱和期asymptotic phase保护哲学conservation philosophy北方针叶林northern conifer forest被动取样假说passive sampling hypothesis 本能instinct本能行为instinctive behavior避敌avoiding predator边缘效应edge effect欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。