2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断练习(3)
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断习题及答案(3)
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断习题及答案（3）SmokingSince 1939,numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard.The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk.Research teams have conducted studiesthat show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body.Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.Apart from statistics,it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body.Smoke is a mixture ofgases,vaporized chemicals,minute particles of ash and other solids.There is also nicotine,which is powerful poison,and black tar.As smoke is breathed in,all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs.One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides.Most lung cancer begins at this point.Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer,but they can only slightly reduce,not eliminate the hazards.练习：1.It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2.Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3.Smoking may induce lung cancer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4.There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5.Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokersA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6.Nicotine is poisonous.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7.Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned答案与解析：1.B.分析：利用题干中的hazardous作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子（Since 1939,numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard.），判断该句的含义（为了确认是否吸烟会造成健康危害，人们已经实行了大量的研究工作）与问题句的含义不一致。
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断练习3
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断练习3 Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice, Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keen yourthroat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice, stoptalking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, "We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter". Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are wiling to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.EXERCISE：1) To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned2) The first paragraph mention three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned3) The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned4) The writer advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned5) Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned6) Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.A) True B) False C) Not mentioned7) The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one's habits.A) True B) False C) Not mentionedKEY：B A B B A C A。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一：阅读判断
2020年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一：阅读判断第二部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是准确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把CThe SmogFor over a month，Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worstdrought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed withsunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. Thispollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia，Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars，it soon became poisonous（有毒的）. Dangerous amountsof CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas，water was hosed（用胶管浇）fromhigh-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog .Finally，heavy rains，which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South—Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts ofcar exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many nonsufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. 3 But smog isnot just an Asian problem. In fact, the world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Water was used to try to break up the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The forest animals haven’t been affected by the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The word “smog” first appeared in 1952.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned参考答案：16 A 文中第一段第一句说到印度尼西亚因为烟雾问题陷入了危机。
2020年职称英语《卫生类》阅读判断练习题(3)
2020年职称英语《卫生类》阅读判断练习题（3）NursesThe physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff.But they could not provide effective medical care totheir patients without the help of numerous other medical workers.From the angle of the patients,the nursing staff is particularly important.Nurses are usually in close contactwith patients as long as they are in the hospital.A nurse does not study for as many years as adoctor.However,each must be equally trained.Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern.Most nurses work long days,and they often must work at odd hoursor during the night.The nursing staff in a hospital is usually quite largeand various.Nursing services,after all,must be provided on a24-hour basis.There are professional （专业的）nurses,practical nurses,nurse's aids,and orderlies （勤杂工）。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读(3)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读(3) scientists develop ways of detecting heart attackGerman researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection1___2____ sudden death from cardiac arrest in germany alone around 100.000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3____ by disruption to the heart's rhythm. those most at risk are patients who have___4___ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___5____disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. these devices___6____a range of functions, such as that of pacemakerheart specialists at freiburg's university clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanteddefibrillator___7_____of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ecg) within the body. this integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8____blood-tlow problems and a pending heart attack. it will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. meanwhile, researchers at the fraunhofer institute for applied mathematics inkaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ecg data___9___.the overwhelming___10 ____of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ecgs.“many of the current programsonly____11___into account a linear correlation of the data.we are, however, making use____12__ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system2." hagen knaf says,“____13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individualvariations in patients taken into account3.”an old study of ecg data, based____14__600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show____15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.词汇：defibrillator n去纤颤器overwhelming adj.压倒的pending adj.追近的，即将发生的 pacemaker n起搏器cardiac adj.心脏的 linear adj.线(性)的implant vt植入 arrest n停止electrocardiogram心电图render 提出…… correlation n相互关系disruption n.中断 chaotic adj. 混乱的注释：1…and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection. ：本句中aimed at是过去分词短语，作前面两个名词的定语，原意是“把目标瞄准……”，此处可译为“旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护的早期预报软件”。
2020年职称英语考试：卫生类阅读判断练习题(3)
2020年职称英语考试：卫生类阅读判断练习题（3）A Pay Rise or Not?"Unless I get a rise, I'll have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley," George Strong said to himself. George liked his job and he liked the town he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham, a nearby city, about 50 miles away. He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didn't like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The company was in deeptrouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Otherwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no money for raises (加工资) for his workers Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang.His secretary told him that George Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about. George Strong was a very young engineer. The company had no future unless it could attract and keepmen like him Manley rubbed his forehead (前额); his problems seemed endless.1 Henry Manley was already deeply in debt.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 The job that had been offered to George in Birmingham paid better.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 If George took the job in Birmingham, he would have to leave his family at Wyeford.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Henry Manley's company was in deep trouble.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 Henry Manley's company was making enough profits to raise the workers' wages.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Henry Manley had no idea at all why George Strong wanted to see him.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 George Strong was the best engineer in Henry Manley's company.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C。
2020职称英语卫生类模拟试题：阅读判断
2020职称英语卫生类模拟试题：阅读判断Breakfast is not only the most important meal of the day, but also the most neglected or skipped . common reasons fornot eating breakfast include lack of time, not feeling hungry, traditional dislike for breakfast , and dieting.Breakfast simply means the fast. Your body spends atleast six to twelve hours each night in a fasting state. Inthe morning your body needs energy to rev up(转动起来)intohigh gear for the day’s work ahead.If you skip breakfast , you are likely to concentrateless effectively in the late morning ,feel irritable(易怒的),short-tempered ,tired ,or weak.When you choose not to eat breakfast, your body stays in slow gear. Also , people who skip breakfast often binge(无节制的吃)later in the day at other meals or eat a high-calorie snack in the morning .breakfast eaters tend to eat less fat during the day, have more strength and endurance and better concentration and problem solving ability.Not hungry in the morning ? well , what time was dinner? Did you have a large evening snack? A large dinner or a large bedtime snack can cause you to not feel hungry in the morning. It makes sense to eat more in the morning when there is afull day of activity ahead of you. Instead we, tend to haveour largest meal in the evening when we are gearing down for sleep.A good breakfast should provide up 1/3 of your total calorie needs for the day. On the average we eat 400 lesscalories for breakfast then for dinner. If breakfast doesn’t appeal to you in the morning, try eating a lighter diner earlier in the evening or save half your dinner for breakfast in the morning.1. the writer thinks breakfast can be neglected or skipped in the day.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. some people do not eat breakfast because they want to lose weight.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. if a person does not have breakfast , he would likely find it hard to pay close attention to what he is doing.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. a good breakfast should provide up half of your total calorie needs for the day.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. the best breakfast foods are fruits, juice, lean meat, and grain products such as breads, rice, noodles, and cereals.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. eating breakfast regularly can help you lose weight.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. to make a breakfast more attractive , we can eatlighter dinner early in the evening.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned参考答案： B A A B C C A。
2020职称英语押题练习(卫生)：阅读判断
2020职称英语押题练习（卫生）：阅读判断Exercise and keeping a healthy weight are two things that doctors say might help women lower their risk of breast cancer.Mothers may reduce their risk if they breastfeed for at least four months. For older women, hormone replacement therapy2 can lower the risk of some other diseases. But it has been found to increase the risk of breast cancer. So women should consider their choices carefully. The same may be said for diet.New findings show that younger women who eat a lot of red meat have higher rates of breast cancers called hormone-receptor positive3. The growth is fed by the levels of estrogen or another hormone, progesterone, in the body.Researchers at Brigham Women‘s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, reported the findings as part of a health study of nurses. The researchers followed the health of more than 90,000 women from 1991 to 2003. Those who ate the most red meat ate more than one and one-half servings a day. A serving was defined as roughly 84 grams. Those who ate the least red meat ate less than three servings a week. This is what the study found about breast cancers that were hormone receptor-positive： The women who ate the most red meat were almost two times as likely to get them as the women who ate the least of it.Eunyoung Cho, the lead author of the report, says more research is needed to know the reason for the link. But in the past, researchers have suggested that three things mayplay a part. One is the way meat is cooked or processed. Another is the use of growth hormones in cows. And the third is the kind of iron in red meat： The study appears in the Archives of Internal Medicine.And now we have more to tell you about our subject —resveratrol. We discussed a study in the United States that found that large amounts of this plant compound helped fat mice live longer. The mice were fed much more resveratrol than people could get from red wine, one of the foods that contains it.Now, scientists in France say resveratrol also improves muscle performance — again, at least in mice. They were able to run two times as far in laboratory treadmill tests4 as mice normally could. The study at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology5 appeared in the journal Cell.练习：1.Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2.Estrogen may contribute to the development of breast cancer as much as hormone replacement therapy.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3.The amount of red meat a woman eats is directly proportional to the probability of breast cancer.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4.The way red meat is prepared has much to do with the probability of breast cancer.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5.Any kind of iron in the food is a contributor to the development of breast cancer.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6.Resveratrol is the fourth factor recently found that causes a breast cancer to develop.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7.Any kind of wine contains resveratrol.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案：1.A 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C。
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断精选(3)
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断精选（3）第2部分：阅读判断（16～22题，第题1分，共7分）新闻记者下面这篇短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是准确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题材卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题材卡上把C涂黑。
It's in the CardsIn recent years, more and more people have been payingfor things with credit cards. There are now 565 millioncredit cards worldwide, but it doesn't stop there. Debit cards （电子记账卡） are being issued by banks, and store cards are being offered by many department stores. Bills and coins are gradually being replaced by "plastic money." In many countries, phone cards have been introduced for people to use in pay phones. In addition, cards made of paper are being replaced by plastic ones by many organizations and clubs. For example, if you belong to a sports club, your membership card may well be made of plastic.How safe is the plastic used to make these cards, though? Until now, most cards have been made from a plastic called PVC. While PVC is being produced, harmful chemicals are released into the atmosphere. One of the most dangerous chemicals that is released is dioxin, which is known to cause cancer in humans. A further problem is that, when a PVC card is thrown away, it is not biodegradable; this means that it does not "break down" and cannot be recycled. Obviously, recycling reduces pollution of the environment.The executive director of the environmental organization and charity Greenpeace, Peter Melchett, says, "If there is a solution to this - and an alternative then it would be madness not to use it." Greenpeace has found a solution and an alternative. Their new credit card is made entirely from a biodegradable plastic that uses plants. The card breaks down in around three months in soil; in this way, it is recycled. In contrast, a PVC card lasts for centuries Greenpeace hopes that many organizations will soon follow their example and issue cards that do not threaten the public health.16 Fewer and fewer credit cards are made of paper,A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The plastic used in credit cards is fairly safe.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 The cards that are wildly used now are credit cards.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Most credit cards are biodegradableA RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 The new credit card that is being introduced by Greenpeace is not made of plastic.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The new Greenpeace card breaks down in a few monthsA RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Greenpeace cards are widely used in many organizations now.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned答案：16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. B。
2020年职称英语卫生类模拟题：阅读判断
2020年职称英语卫生类模拟题：阅读判断2020年职称英语卫生类模拟题：阅读判断Breakfast is not only the most important meal of the day, but also the most neglected or skipped . common reasons fornot eating breakfast include lack of time, not feeling hungry, traditional dislike for breakfast , and dieting.Breakfast simply means the fast. Your body spends atleast six to twelve hours each night in a fasting state. Inthe morning your body needs energy to rev up(转动起来)intohigh gear for the day’s work ahead.If you skip breakfast , you are likely to concentrateless effectively in the late morning ,feel irritable(易怒的),short-tempered ,tired ,or weak.When you choose not to eat breakfast, your body stays in slow gear. Also , people who skip breakfast often binge(无节制的吃)later in the day at other meals or eat a high-calorie snack in the morning .breakfast eaters tend to eat less fat during the day, have more strength and endurance and better concentration and problem solving ability.Not hungry in the morning ? well , what time was dinner? Did you have a large evening snack? A large dinner or a large bedtime snack can cause you to not feel hungry in the morning. It makes sense to eat more in the morning when there is afull day of activity ahead of you. Instead we, tend to haveour largest meal in the evening when we are gearing down for sleep.A good breakfast should provide up 1/3 of your total calorie needs for the day. On the average we eat 400 less calories for breakfast then for dinner. If breakfast doesn’t appeal to you in the morning, try eating a lighter diner earlier in the evening or save half your dinner for breakfast in the morning.1. the writer thinks breakfast can be neglected or skipped in the day.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. some people do not eat breakfast because they want to lose weight.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. if a person does not have breakfast , he would likely find it hard to pay close attention to what he is doing.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. a good breakfast should provide up half of your total calorie needs for the day.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. the best breakfast foods are fruits, juice, lean meat, and grain products such as breads, rice, noodles, and cereals.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. eating breakfast regularly can help you lose weight.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. to make a breakfast more attractive , we can eat lighter dinner early in the evening.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned参考答案： B A A B C C A。
2020年职称英语卫生类A级模拟题及答案(3)
2020 年职称英语卫生类 A 级模拟题及答案（ 3 ）三、案例分析题（阅读判断（每题1分，共7分）; 补全短文（每题 2 分，共10分）; 阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）; 完形填空（每题1分，共15 分））18、TV Game ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the "best seller" lists with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.This is the principle behind "quiz" or "game" shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars in the U.S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show's producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal. Based on his story, a movie under the title "Quiz Show" is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously.In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are showsthat send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliation them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.1. TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. The principle behind "quiz" and "game" shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies for winners.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show's producers to give him the answers beforehand.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned1、A B C2、A B C3、A B C4、A B C标准答案：A,B,C,B19、5. The huge scandal of cheating in TV game shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie "Quiz Show".A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. Winners of present-day TV game shows no longer get money from the shows.A. Right。
2020年职称英语卫生类B级阅读理解练习题(3)
2020年职称英语卫生类B级阅读理解练习题（3）The Effects of Global Warming on WeatherThere are hidden factors which scientists call"feedback mechanisms".No one knows quite how they will interact with the changing climate.Here's one example： plants and animals adapt to climate change over centuries.At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade, vegetation（植物）may not keep up.Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50 to 75 kilometres a year—faster than trees can naturally migrate.Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die.The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running through Canada, the USSR and Scandinavia could be cut by lions of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fires, releasing tons of CO2 and further boosting global warming.There are dozens of other possible"feedback mechanism".Higher temperatures will fuel condensation and increase cloudiness, which may actually damp down global warming.Others, like the"albedo" effect, will do the opposite.The"albedo" effect is the amount of solar energy reflected by the earth's surface.As northern ice and snow melts and the darker sea and land pokes（戳）through, more heat will be absorbed, adding to the global temperature increase.Even if we were to magically stop all greenhouse-gas emissions tomorrow the impact on global climate would continue for decades.Delay will simply make the problemworse.The fact is that some of us are doing quite well the way things are.In developed world prosperity has been built on 150 years of cheap fossil fuels.Material progress has been linked to energy consumption.Today 75 percent of all the world's energy is consumed by a quarter of the world's population.The average rich-world resident adds about 3.2 tons of CO2 yearly to the atmosphere, more than four times the level added by each Third World citizen.The US, with just seven per cent of the global population, is responsible for 22 per cent of global warming.41."Feedback mechanisms" in paragraph 1 most probably refer to ____________.A.how plants and animals adapt to hidden factorsB.how plants and animals interact with the changing climateC.how climate changesD.how climate zones shift42.We can learn from the passage that ____________.A.some feedback mechanisms may slow down global warmingB.the basic facts of global warming are unknownC.developing countries benefit from cheap fossil fuelsD.developed countries have decided to reduce their energy consumption43.James Hansen predicts that the shift of climate zones will be accompanied by ____________.A.the cutting of many treesB.desirable environmental changesC.successful migration of speciesD.unsuccessful migration of trees44.It can be inferred from the passage that ____________.A.the developing world has decided to increase its energy consumptionB.a third-world citizen adds less than a ton of CO2 yearly to the atmosphereC.the world climate would soon gain its balance if we stopped greenhouse gas emissionsD.future prosperity of the world is dependent on cheap fossil fuels45.Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? ____________A.Impact of global warming on climate.B.Prosperity and cheap fossil fuels.C.Material progress and energy consumption.D.Plants and animals in the changing climate.答案：41.B第一段中的“feedback mechanisms"的意思最可能是：A动植物是如何适合隐蔽因素的;B动植物是如何与持续变化的气候相互作用的;C气候是如何变化的;D气候带是如何迁移的。
2020年职称英语《卫生类》阅读判断冲刺模拟试题(3)
2020年职称英语《卫生类》阅读判断冲刺模拟试题（3）In Your FaceWhy is this man so angry?We don't know the reason，but we can see the emotion in his face.Whatever culture you come from，you can understand the feeling that he isexpressing.Forty years ago，psychologist Paul Ekman of the University of California，San Francisco，became interested in how people's faces show their feelings.He took photographs of Americans expressing various emotions.Then he showed them to the Fore people，who live in the jungle in New Guinea.Most of the Fore had never seen foreign faces，but they easily understood Americans'expressions of anger，happiness，sadness，disgust，fear，and surprise.Then Ekman did the same experiment in reverse.He showed pictures of Fore faces to Americans，and the results were similar.Americans had no problems reading the emotions on the Fore people's faces.Ekman's research gave powerful support to the theory that facial expressions for basic emotions are the same everywhere.He did more research in Japan，Brazil，and Argentina，and got the same results.According to Ekman，these six emotions are universal because they are built into our brains.They developed to help us deal with things quickly that might hurt us.Some emotional triggers are universal as well.When something suddenly comes into sight，people feel fear，because it might bedangerous.But most emotional triggers are learned.For example，two people might smell newly cut grass.One person spent wonderful summers in the country as a child，so the smell makes him happy.The other person remembers working very hard on a farm and being hungry，so he feels sad.Once we make an emotional association in our brain，it is difficult，and sometimes impossible，to change it."Emotion is the least changeable part of the brain，"says Ekman.But we can learn to manage our emotions better.For instance，we can be more aware of things that make us angry，and we can think before we react.There are many differences between cultures，in their languages and customs.But a smile is exactly the same everywhere.16 Paul Ekman studies people's faces in different cultures.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17 Ekman did research in several countries and got different results.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18 Americans get angry more often than the Fore people from New Guinea.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19 Ekman thinks that some basic emotions are the same everywhere.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20 Two people might feel different emotions about the same thing.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21 Fear is the most difficult emotion to change.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22 People of different cultures smile when they understand each other.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案： 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.A 21.C 22.C。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读理解练习及答案(3)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读理解练习及答案（3）Giving Up SmokingA number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine （尼古丁） patches are small,nicotine-containing adhesive （粘着性的） discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream （血流）。
Over time,the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum （口香糖） works in a similar manner,providing small doses of nicotine when chewed （咀嚼）。
The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoker and easier admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report,the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine （可卡因）,alcohol,or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries,the cigarette tax rate is much higher,ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.In the United States,the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warning on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read：“Warning： The Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.” In 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television,and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces.1 Which of the following can help a person quit smoking？A Reading cigarette advertisements.B Using nicotine patches.C Chewing ordinary gum.D Participating in social activities.2 Nicotine gum is used to help a smokerA reduce weight.B stop smoking.C clean his teeth.D absorb nicotine immediately.3 The benefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPTA the formation of a good habit.B the reduction of expenses.C the reduction of harm to one's health.D easier access to institutions that ban smoking.4 Which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful？A Consuming alcohol.B Using heroin.C Taking cocaine.D Smoking cigarettes.5 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a step to control smoking？A Forbidding smoking in all public places.B Collecting a special tax on cigarettes.C Banning cigarette advertising from radio and TV.D Requiring a warning on each cigarette package.[参考答案]1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A。
2020职称英语模拟试题：卫生类阅读判断
2020职称英语模拟试题：卫生类阅读判断2020职称英语模拟试题：卫生类阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是准确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Fermi ProblemOn a Monday morning in July, the world's first atom bomb exploded in the New Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shock waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his team stood. After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bomb's energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermi's genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermi's death in 1954,no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and a leading theoretician.Like all virtuosos, Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult problems into small, manageable bits--talent we all can use in our daily lives.To develop this talent in his students. Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you haven't the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too littleinformation had been given to solve it. Yet when the problem is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of experts or books, you can come close to the exact solution.Suppose you want to determine Earth's circumference without looking it up. Everyone knows that New York and Los Angeles are about 3,000 miles apart and that the time difference between them is three hours. Three hours is one-eighth of a day, and a day is the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation, so its circumference must be eight times 3,000 or 24,000 miles. This answer differs from thetrue value, 24,902.45 miles, by less than four percent.Ultimately the value of dealing with everyday problemsthe way Fermi did lies in the rewards of making independent discoveries and inventions. It doesn't matter whether the discovery is as important as determining the power of an atom or as small as measuring the distance between New York and Los Angeles. Looking up the answer, or letting someone else find it, deprives you of the pleasure and pride that accompany creativity, and deprives you of an experience that builds up self-confidence. Thus, approaching personal dilemmas as Fermi problems can become a habit that enriches your life.16 Fermi's team was impressed by Fermi's announcement in the base camp because he could even work out the power of the atom bomb in his mind.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Dividing a big problem into small problems is a talent Fermi had and a talent that has practical value in life.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Fermi problem is to develop the talent of breaking a seemingly unanswerable problem into sub-problems and finding the solution to it, which is a typical Fermi problem.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Then the fourth paragraph tells us how Fermi solved the problem of earth's circumference without looking up.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The last paragraph concludes the whole writing by stressing the value of important inventions and small discoveries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Fermi was famous for inventing a device to calculate bomb's energy accurately.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第二部分：16 A答案在第一段中能够找到。
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2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断练习（3）
Online Cancer Chat with a Safety Net
Cancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.
But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference： it has an information safety net.
This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information.
Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat but if people wish to post a message they will need to register.
And Rebekah Gibbs,cancer patient and star of TV's Casualty has pledged her support for the new project."I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said."I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart-warming response from other people going through the same thing.
"The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family.And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged."
Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its CancerHelp UK website which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up-to-date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials.There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.
The award-winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.
For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer,the charity's team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients' concerns on the phone.
练习：
1.Cancer Chat is different from other forums in that
Ait has the support of a famous actress.
Bit is a source of reliable information.
Cit provides a huge amount of information.
Dit attracts a great number of visitors.
2.Which is NOT true of Rebekah Gibbs?
AShe is a well-known figure in Britain.
BShe got breast cancer some time ago.
CShe thinks highly of Cancer Chat.
DShe has written a private diary.
3.All the statements about the messages posted on Cancer Chat are true EXCEPT
Athey are available to all visitors.
Btheir writers get paid for them.
Cthey concern not just treatments and side effects.
Dthey are also an emotional outlet for their writers.
4.CancerHelp UK is a website that
Aoffers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials.
Battracts numerous visitors.
Chas won an award.
Dall of the above.
5."The charity" in the last line but one refers to
ACancer Research UK.
BCancer Chat.
CCancerHelp UK.
DTv's Casualty.
答案：BDBDA。