新概念知识点总结

新概念2知识点总结

第一部分、时态总结

一、一般过去时；

一、定义。

1. 表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, three days ago, in 1998,just now等，或与由when引导的从句连用。

2. 也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作。句子中常带有every day, often, usually, always, sometimes等时间状语。

例：When I worked in the company, I got up early every morning.

在那家公司上班时，我每天早晨都起得很早。

In the past few years she usually went touring during her summer holidays.

在过去的几年里，每逢暑假她总是出去旅游。

二、一般过去时态句子结构

1．Be 动词的一般过去时态

在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.

如：I was late yesterday.

We weren't late yesterday.

She wasn't a teacher three years ago.

Were you ill yesterday

Were they once your classmates ---Yes, I was. ---No, I wasn't.

Who were your best friends in your primary school

2. 实义动词的一般过去时态

肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did.

如：I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.

I didn't go home yesterday. He didn't tell me about you.

Did you go home yesterday ---Yes, I did. ---No, I didn't.

When did you finish your homework last night/the day before yesterday

3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：

shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数will―would（将要）用于所有人称

can―could（能，会）may―might（可以）must―must （必须）have to―had to（不得不）

助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。

如：I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)

三、一般过去时态动词变化形式

一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。

1）一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。如：play―played work―worked 2）以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like--- liked love―loved

3）以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：study―studied carry―carried

4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stop―stopped

5）不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词,如：write（写）--wrote go-went do-did have-had see-saw take-took make-made come-came buy-bought

技巧：巧记一般过去时：

【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。

【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。

例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning．昨天早上我在教室里。

He was at school last Tuesday．上周二他在学校。

They were over there a moment ago．刚才他们在那边。

【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not 即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。即：主语＋wasn't／weren't ＋表语＋其他。例如：

I was not (＝wasn't) here yesterday．昨天我不在这儿。

My parents were not (＝weren't) at home last Sunday．上周日我父母不在家。

【四巧】疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：

Was(Were) ＋主语＋表语＋其他这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。

例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖前天你在家吗Was she late this morning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗

更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋was／were．”；

否定回答用“No,主语＋wasn't／weren't．”。

例如：—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗

—Yes, they were．(No, they weren't．) 是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）

练习

一、用be动词的适当形式填空

1．I ______ an English teacher now.

2．She _______ happy yesterday.

3．They _______ glad to see each other last month.

4．Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

5．The little dog _______ two years old this year.