抽象名词&形近词归纳

抽象名词

一．表示“好”的品质、性格等方面的词语

1. devotion / loyalty 忠实/忠诚；/faith /faithfulness /fidelity 忠实/诚实；allegiance

忠贞，效忠;

2. honesty/ sincerity /cordiality 诚挚，诚恳；hospitality 热情好客friendliness 友好；amity友好;

3. credit /trust/credibility 信任，信用；reliability 可靠性

4. confidence/reliance 信心，依靠; diligence/industry/hard work努力, 勤奋；courage/

bravery 勇气, 勇敢; cooperation/collaboration 合作, 协作；solidarity/unity 团结；

5. sympathy/compassion/pity同情，怜悯；mercy 仁慈，可怜；benevolence 善意，仁慈；

6. appeal /attraction/ temptation/ lure/enticement / 吸引力

7. humanity 人类，人性，人道，仁慈；humanities 人文学科

8. harmony 和谐; peace 和平; appreciation 欣赏

9. ingenuity /creativity/ 创造力，灵活性

10. dignity /self-respect/self-esteem / reverence 尊严，自尊，高贵

11. courtesy/manners/politeness /humility 谦卑，礼貌

12. innocence 无辜，清白; prestige 威望，名望；魅力，吸引力; reputation/fame/ 名声，名誉

13. perseverance毅力; persistence 坚持; mercy /beneficence/ goodness / kindness 仁慈，善良

14. integrity = honesty正直，诚实；

15. conscience 良心，良知; morality 道德观; values价值观

16. admiration / adoration 崇拜，敬爱；aspiration/desire/longing 希望，渴望; ambition 抱负，

理想，野心

17. thank/ gratitude/gratification 感谢，感恩，满意

18. generosity 慷慨，大方; reward 回报，奖赏

19. joy/happiness/pleasure/ rejoice/ elation/ cheerfulness 快乐，高兴，愉快

20. craftiness/ cuteness/shrewdness/ smartness/ cunning

21. prudence/ carefulness/ caution/ 谨慎，小心

二．表示“不好”的品质、性格等方面的词语

1. immorality 不道德; hypocrisy /dishonesty虚伪hypocritical /dishonest虚伪的，伪善的

2. deception /fraud/ trickery /cheat /lie /betrayal /humbug /swindle / hoax/ trick/

mislead/ coax/ deceit/ lie 欺骗；欺诈；哄骗

3. fiction/illusion / legend/ tales /fantasy/myth/anecdote 虚构，假想

4. slyness 狡猾，fox 狡猾的人, abjection 悲惨，下流，卑鄙

5. guilt 罪行，内疚; anxiety/worry/apprehension / 焦虑，着急; gloom/sadness/

grief /melancholy /dismal 忧郁，郁闷，悲伤

6. irresponsibility 不负责任; insecurity 不安全/ terrorism 恐怖

7. cruelty / bloodiness/ brutality 残忍，残酷，

8. discrimination/ bias/ prejudice/ injustice/ inequality/ unfairness歧视，偏见，不公平;

grievance 冤枉，委屈，不平

9. agony/ misery/ sadness/ distress/ pain /suffering/ anguish/ grief / sorrow /woe / grief

痛苦，伤害, 悲哀

10. abuse 滥用，虐待，辱骂，毁谤；misuse 误用

11. timidity 胆怯，胆小; shyness/ coyness; coward ness 胆小鬼

12. disorder /disturbance/ mess/ chaos混乱，骚乱，失调，疾病

13. rage / anger/ fury/ annoyance /anguish/irritation 生气，怒火; indignation

义愤填膺，愤慨

14. handicap/barrier/obstacle/ hindrance/ barricade/problem 障碍，阻碍，问题

15. crisis/ crunch/ pinch危机，匮乏; deficit / shortage /lack /scarcity / deficiency /

scanty 缺乏，不足; for want/lack of 因为缺乏

16. contempt/ despise /scorn 轻视，蔑视

17. superstition 迷信; disorder/ mess/trouble/chaos 无秩序，混乱

18. plague/disaster/accident/catastrophe/mishap/calamity/tragedy祸害，灾难，事故;

victim 受害者；casualty 伤亡，死亡；/mortality 死亡率；

19. restriction/limitation/ confinement/restraint 限制，制约，抑制

20. vice /sin / wick/ evil 罪恶，邪恶

21. nightmare = bad dream ; self-doubt 自我怀疑;

22. nonsense 废话，胡说; nuisance 讨厌的人或物

23. conspiracy /plot 阴谋，密谋

24. distortion 歪曲，扭曲；disrespect 失礼，无礼

25. imprudence /carelessness/ 粗心，不谨慎

26. abnormality 不正常，反常，变态; arrogance 傲慢，骄傲; blind pride 骄傲自大

27. absurdity/ silliness/ ridicules/ mock/ mimic/taunt/jeer荒谬，可笑,嘲笑，辱骂

28. envy/ jealousy/ 嫉妒，羡慕; arrogance 傲慢

29. hardship / adversity 逆境，艰难，患难; plight 困境，艰难；dilemma 两难处境，艰难处境

30. shame/ humiliation 丢脸，羞愧

31. embarrassment / awkwardness 尴尬，难为情; harassment 骚扰，困扰

32. indifference/coldness/insensitivity 冷漠，无情

33. suffering/ pain/ ache /hurt/ injury 痛，痛苦，伤害

34. despair 绝望; collapse 崩溃，倒塌

35. hostility 敌对，敌意; revenge 报复，复仇

36. plague 瘟疫，苦恼，灾祸；epidemic 流行病

三．其它一些重要的名词

1. pastime /recreation/ entertainment/amusement/diversion 消遣，娱乐

2. discipline 纪律，惩罚；学科，院系

3. abstract 摘要；抽象派作品

4. acquaintance 熟人，了解，认识

5. triviality /trifles/ 琐事

6. enterprise /drive 进取心，奋斗

7. bearing /behavior / 行为举止

8. obligation / duty / responsibility /liability 责任，义务

9. odor/smell/scent/ 气味，味道; perfume/ fragrance香味，

10. offspring / descendant /posterity/ 子孙，后代，产物；ancestor/forefathers/ predecessors

祖先，前辈，先辈

11. option/choice/alternative/ selection 选择，挑选

12. impetus / incentive/ motive /motivation/ momentum/ push/ spur/ driving force