2018上海普陀二模英语高三试卷及答案

考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

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I.Listening ComprehensionSection A10%Directions:In Section A.you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answer on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Cold B.Sunny C.Rainy D.Cloudy2.A.110minutes B.120minutes C.130minutes D.140minutes3.A.Shop assistant and customer B.Boss and assistantC.Professor and studentD.Husband and wife4.A.In a meeting room B.In a reference roomC.At a booking officeD.At a police station5.A.A movie B.A lecture C.A play D.A speech6.A.The woman shouldn’t be so upset B.He’s an hour later for the interview.C.The woman should be patientD.He’s too nervous to calm down7.A.The man is intelligent enough B.The man does not work hard enoughC.The man should get some sleepD.The man is hard-working.8.A.He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B.He wants to spend more time with his familyC.He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD.He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9.A.The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC.The woman insists that her son should major in science.D.The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10.A.It ran into another car B.It fell into a river and sankC.It broke down on the roadD.It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B15%Directions:In Section B.you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the bestanswer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following recording.11.A.Noise B.Smoking C.Litter D.Drinking12.A.A tour guide B.A conductor C.A teacher D.A lawyer13.A.To prepare people for international travelB.To make the laws of different kindsC.To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD.To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions14through16are based on the following recording14.A Conference with the course tutor B.Active attendance and commitmentC.Punctuality and politenessD.Debate and essay preparationrm the teacher in advance B.Just do not choose the courseC.Drop out of the courseD.Make it up later16.A.One that is written by hand B.One that is originalC.One that is revise by the tutorD.One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.His knees and fingers ache B.He doesn’t feel like eatingC.He can’t sleep very wellD.His blood pressure is high18.A.She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB.She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC.She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD.She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19.A.Every day for seven weeks B.Three times a week for seven weeksC.Three times a weeks for three weeksD.Twenty times for two weekse hot water pads B.Sit by the stoveC.Drink cold waterD.Take cold baths.II.Grammar and vocabularySection A10%Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success,achievement,and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____the east coast of the United States in1906.After finishing high school,Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania.After graduation,Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until1940.Not long after this,he volunteered(22)______(serve)in the U.S.Army.During World War II,Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand.It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______changed Thompson’s life.He saw opportunities to develop tourismthere,becoming(24)______(involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through,by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire.While traveling around Thailand,he came across(25)____he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk,a product that(26)_____(become)rare.He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York,(27)______it became very popular.As a consequence,the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business,Jim Thompson continued his original interest in architecture on the side.He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house.Today,not only is it a beautiful house inside and out,(29)______it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In1967during a holiday in Malaysia,he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day,no clues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.concernB.dramaticC.equivalentD.frequentlyE.impactF.imposedG.representativeH.observedI.residentsJ.significantlyK.strategiesMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month,the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution.Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone.Our research into the___31___of air pollution in China shows that,in addition to the more obvious physical price,air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition(认知),___32___reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development,suggesting that development___33____should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___incidence(发生率)of dangerous air pollution,but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil,to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits.In fact,98%of cities with more than 100.000___37___in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized,and examining the effects provides clear warnings for other countries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally___38___longitudinal(纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews,to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance.Because each person in our survey was__39___multiple times,we can control for the effect of individual characteristics onthe outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III.Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization:Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways.One simple__41__is that it is the rapid increase in inte rnational free trade,investment,and technological exchange.It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic__42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last50 years,some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries,and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country.An example of this is China,where per capita income(人均收入)rose from about$1400in1980to over$4000by2000.___44____per capita income rose by over100%in India between1980and1996.It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____.However,these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture.They are“average”,and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seen a___47___improvement.More imports,more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade:exports___48___imports.Take coffee as an example.Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it:a(n)___49__trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___maintain that,in general,it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee,and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials.Furthermore,it is the richer countries that control the price of good and,____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally,globalization often___53___a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful.These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market.On the other hand,those countries which___54___to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one.Consequently,these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the___55___of industry.Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to importother goods.These imported good are frequently overpriced,and these countries,therefore,have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41.A.indication B.principle C.definition D.factor42.A.systems B.solution C.crisis D.growth43.A.in favor of B.on account of C.with regard to D.in honour of44.A.Fortunately B.Similarly C.Undoubtedly D.Unusually45.A.freer B.greater C.stronger D.wealthier46.A.figures B.descriptions C.countries D.benefits47.A.severe B.slight C.further D.general48.A.overtake B.qualify C.fight D.require49.A.two-way B.all-inclusive C.official D.legal50.A.Supporters B.Advocates C.Critics D.Authorities51.A.otherwise B.nevertheless C.therefore D.besides52.A.Global B.Industrial C.National D.Economical53.A.encourages B.restricts C.forbids D.forces54.A.stop B.continue C.fail D.refuse55.A.globalization B.transformation C.specialization D.identification Section B22%Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word“renaissance”means“rebirth”.The Harlem Renaissance took place during the1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished,producing a ton of work in a short period of time.The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts.After the Civil War,many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them.Between1910and1920,massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration.The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time!And in New York,African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan,setting in a neighborhood called Harem.Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society.It was a good thing,and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance.One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer,W.E.B Du Bois.In his book,The Souls of Back Folk,in1903,Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called“double consciousness”.They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans.And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers.The Renaissance was so influential that“Harlem”grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society.Black businesses began to flourish,creating a growing middle class,like Madame C.J.Walker,who tuned hercosmetics line into a million dollar empire.All together,the artists,and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population.Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education.This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees.Perhaps most importantly,people---black and white---began the push for racial integration,planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56.Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A.To escape slaveryB.To find jobs in agricultureC.To avoid racial discriminationD.To gain citizenship57.How did W.E.B.Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A.He led to movement to return to AfricaB.He composed folk music based on African American themeC.He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD.He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58.What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A.Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB.The vast majority were considered lower classC.Most were regarded as middle classD.A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59.What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A.Spread of black businessesB.Access to higher educationC.Shift from agriculture to industryD.Push for unity among all AfricansBSydney Opera House ToursWe offer three different tours of this iconic buildingsThe Essential Tour brigs to life the story behind the design and construction of one the world’s most famous ing interactive audio-visual technology,your guide will take you on a memorable journey inside the youngest building ever to be World Heritage listed.Afterwards,why not stay around and eat at the Studio Café,with its modern Australian menu? You can both enjoy the best views in Sydney and claim a20%reduction on the total cost of your meal.(Don’t forget to show your ticket in order to claim your discount) Language:English,French,GermanTakes place:Daily between9am and5pm The tour concludes with a complimentary breakfast in the Green Room,the private dining area of performers past and present.Takes place:Daily at7amPrices:$155.No concessions.To purchase:Booking are essential.Limited to8 people per tour.Online sales expire at4:30pm two days prior. Notes:The tour includes up to300steps.Flat, rubber-soled shoes must be worn.For safety reasons,children of12years old and under are not permitted.----------------------------------------------------------------Opera High Tea consists of tour where you willPrices:Adult$35/Online$29.75 Concessions:Australian seniors and pensioners;students and children of16and under$24.50Prior bookings are not essential.--------------------------------------------------------------The Backstage Tour gives you backstage access to the Sydney Opera House.It is a unique opportunity to experience the real-life dramas behind the stage!You might even get to stand on the concert hall stage,take up a conductor’s baton in the orchestra pit and imagine you are leading the performance.You will also get to see inside the stars’dressing rooms.walk in the footsteps of world-class singers, dancers and musicians,followed by fine food and music in the spectacular surroundings of the Bennelong Dining Room.What could be better than a treat of delicious light snacks and soft drinks followed by a live recital by a leading Australian singer?An unforgettable treat for young and old! Takes place:Every second Wed,2pm Duration:1.5hoursPrices:$45per personBook online or visit the Guided Tours Desk.60.A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses________.A.the Essential TourB.the Backstage TourC.Opera High TeaD.any of the tours61.Joining the Backstage Tour,a traveler_____.A.is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB.will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC.can take his big family of8members to free breakfastD.can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62.If a couple who travelled with their17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of$150there,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A.$203.25B.$214.5C.$225D.$239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s history.For years,scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why90to95percent of sea life and75percent of and life vanished about250 million years ago.The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying.To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth.Other specialists have doubted these theories,maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos.From the outset,critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast,there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor(流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula65million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’extinction. Nevertheless,until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact185mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater(火山口)near the northwest coast of Australia.The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil.Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in the rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors.There is a clear distinction from volcanicpatterns.In fact,a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era.Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma,the highest mountain on Earth!Literally,the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea.The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation.Things must have come to a standstill.Evidently,the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history.Still,we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause.Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63.The word“plausible”(paragraph1)is closest in meaning to“______”.A.availableB.incredibleC.reasonableD.ridiculous64.Why didn’t the meteor affect human beings?A.Because they were very resistantB.Because there weren’t any thenC.Because they lived in isolated areasD.Because they hid themselves in the caves65.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB.75percent of land life continued250million years agoC.Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD.When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66.What is the best title for the passageA.The Dinosaurs’EndB.Crater on QomolangmaC.Contradictory ClaimsD.A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.In daily life,imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models.B.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.C.It is how to use imagination creatively that troubles us.D.Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own?E.But if you begin to enter this field,imitation proves useful.F.If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blind imitation is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful.When I first learned to cook.I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes.But soon I grew bored.____67______ Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle;they help you get going, but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did.If you do not make strongchoices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities.Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous._____69_____ Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say,“I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV.Summary Writing10%Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory,the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough.The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson,assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business.She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box.“Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates.When you think about pop songs on the radio,some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot.But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.”The difference,the researchers supposed,might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates.The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night,American Gothic,and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test,the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test,the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art,which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly.So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences.We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack.As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V.Translation15%Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.比起节食，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。