2006年真题答案及解析_6
06年专升本高数真题答案
2006年河南省普通高等学校 选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试高等数学 答案及解析一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共计60分） 1.答案：B 【解析】：B x x ⇒≤-≤-⇒≤≤112110. 2.答案：A【解析】：01ln )1ln()1ln()()(22==+++-+=-+x x x x x f x f A ⇒. 3. 答案：C【解析】： 1sin lim20-=-→xxx x C ⇒. 4.答案：B 【解析】：B nnn n n n n ⇒=+=+∞→∞→2]sin 32[lim sin 32lim .5.答案：B【解析】：B a a a ae xe xf ax x ax x x ⇒=⇒+===-=→→→1122lim 1lim)(lim 20200. 6. 答案：C 【解析】：xx f f f x f x x f x f x x )1()1()1()21(lim)1()21(lim00--+-+=--+→→ C f xf x f x f x f x x ⇒'=---+-+=→→)1(3)1()1(lim 2)1()21(lim 2007. 答案：A【解析】： A y x x x y ⇒==⇒=⇒='5,2422000. 8.答案：D【解析】： D t tt t dx dy ⇒-=-=2sin sin 222. 9.答案：B 【解析】：B xy x y x x yn n n ⇒=⇒+=⇒=--1ln 1ln )()1()2(. 10.答案：A【解析】：A y y y x x x x x x x x y x x x ⇒∞=-==⇒++-+=++--=-→-→±∞→2122lim ,4lim ,1lim )2)(1()3)(1(2332.11.答案：C 【解析】：由罗尔中值定理条件：连续、可导及端点的函数值相等C ⇒. 12.答案：C【解析】：C e y e y xx ⇒>=''<-='--0,0. 13.答案：D【解析】：D C e F e d e f dx e f ex x x x x⇒+-=-=⎰⎰-----)()()()(.14.答案：B【解析】：B C ex f e x f e x f x x x⇒+=⇒='⇒=-'++)1(21)1(212)()()12(.15.答案：B【解析】：⎰baxdx arcsin 是常数，所以B xdx dxd ba ⇒=⎰0arcsin . 16.答案：C 【解析】：C x dx x⇒-==++∞∞+⎰)21arctan 4(412arctan 4141112π. 17.答案：D【解析】：由定积分的几何意义可得D 的面积为⎰-badx x g x f |)()(|D ⇒.18.答案：B【解析】：B n n n ⇒=⇒=+-⇒-⊥30943}3,43{}3,,1{. 19.答案：B 【解析】： B x f x x f x ⇒='⇒=1)1,()1,(. 20.答案：A【解析】：令xy e F yz F xyz ez y x F z z x z-='-='⇒-=222,),,(A z x z xy xyz yz xy e yz x z z ⇒-=-=-=∂∂⇒)12(222. 21.答案：A【解析】：222xydxxdy dy x xydx dz -++= A dy dx dx dy dy dx dz y x ⇒+=-++=⇒==2211.22.答案：A【解析】：,6)0,0(),(062,06222-=∂∂⇒=⇒=-=∂∂=-=∂∂xz y x y x y z x y x z ⇒=∂∂∂-=∂∂2,6222y x z y z 是极大值A ⇒.23.答案：A【解析】：有二重积分的几何意义知：=⎰⎰Ddxdy 区域D 的面积为πA ⇒.24.答案：B【解析】：积分区域},0|),{(}0,0|),{(a x y a y y x x y a x y x D ≤≤≤≤=≤≤≤≤=B ⇒.25.答案：D【解析】：在极坐标下积分区域可表示为：}sin 20,20|),{(θπθθ≤≤≤≤=r r D ，在直角坐标系下边界方程为y y x 222=+，积分区域为右半圆域D ⇒26.答案：D 【解析】：L ：,1⎩⎨⎧-==xy xx x 从1变到0，⎰⎰⇒-=+=-+012)(D dx dx dy dx y x L .27.答案：C 【解析】：⇒<22sinn n ππ∑∞=π12sinn n收敛C ⇒. 28. 答案：A 【解析】：∑∞=0n nnx a在2-=x 收敛，则在1-=x 绝对收敛，即级数∑∞=-0)1(n n n a 绝对收敛A ⇒.29. 答案：C【解析】：dx xxdy y y ydx x ydy x sin cos sin cos 0sin cos cos sin -=⇒=+ C C y x C x y xxd y y d ⇒=⇒=+⇒-=⇒sin sin ln sin ln sin ln sin sin sin sin . 30.答案：C【解析】：-1不是微分方程的特征根，x 为一次多项式，可设xeb ax y -+=*)( C ⇒.二、填空题（每小题2分，共30分） 31.答案：1 【解析】：1)(sin 1|sin |=⇒≤x f x . 32.答案：123【解析】：=++=++--=--+→→→)31(1lim )31)(2()2(lim 231lim 2222x x x x x x x x x x x x 123341==. 33.答案：dx x 2412+【解析】：dx xdy 2412+= . 34.答案：5,4==b a【解析】：b a b a b ax x x f -+-=-=+-⇒++='12,02323)(25,4==⇒b a . 35.答案：)1,1(-【解析】：)1,1(),(0662632-=⇒=-=''⇒+-='y x x y x x y . 36.答案：2 【解析】：2)1()1()()(=-=⇒=-g f C C x g x f 2)()(=-⇒x g x f .37.答案：323π【解析】：3202sin )sin (3023232π=+=+=+⎰⎰⎰⎰πππ-ππ-ππ-dx x xdx dx x dx x x .38.答案：32-e【解析】：⎰⎰⎰⎰--=--=+=====-201110012132)()1(e dx e dx x dt t f dx x f xt x .39.答案：3π 【解析】：3,21663||||,cos π>=⇒<==⋅>=<b a b a b a b a .40.答案：x y z 222=+【解析】：把x y 22=中的2y 换成22y z +，即得所求曲面方程x y z 222=+. 41.答案：y x cos 21+【解析】： ⇒+=∂∂y x y x z sin 2y x y x zcos 212+=∂∂∂.42.答案：32-【解析】：⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰-=-=-=--D dx x dy x y dx dxdy x y 1211122322)()( . 43.答案：∑∞=+∞-∞∈-02),(,!1)1(n nnx x n 【解析】：∑∞=⇒=0!n n xn x e ∑∑∞=∞=-+∞-∞∈-=-==0022),(,!1)1(!)()(2n n n n n xx x n n x e x f .44.答案：)21ln(x+)22(≤<-x【解析】：∑∑∑∞=∞=-+∞=+++=-=+-=+-0111011)21ln()2()1(1)2()1(2)1()1(n n n n n n n n n n x n x n x n x , )22(≤<-x .45.答案：032=-'-''y y y【解析】：x x e C e C y 321+=-0323,1221=--⇒=-=⇒λλλλ032=-'-''⇒y y y .三、计算题（每小题5分，共40分）46．计算 xx e x xx 2sin 1lim 3202-→--. 【解析】：20300420320161lim 3222lim 81lim 2sin 1lim2222xe x xe x x e x xx e x x x x x x x x x -=+-=--=---→-→-→-→ 161lim 161322lim220000-=-=-=-→-→x x x x e x xe . 47.求函数xx x y 2sin 2)3(+=的导数dxdy .【解析】：取对数得 ：)3ln(2sin ln 2x x x y +=，两边对x 求导得：x xx x x x x y y 2sin 332)3ln(2cos 2122++++=' 所以]2sin 332)3ln(2cos 2[)3(222sin 2x xx x x x x x x y x+++++='x x x x x x x x x x x 2sin )32()3()3ln(2cos )3(212sin 222sin 2+++++=-.48.求不定积分⎰-dx xx 224.【解析】：⎰⎰⎰====⎰-==-=π<<π-dt t tdt tdt t tdx x x t x t )2cos 1(2sin 4cos 2cos 2sin 4422sin 22222C x x x C t t x C t t +--=+-=+-=242arcsin 2cos sin 22arcsin 22sin 22.49.计算定积分⎰--+102)2()1ln(dx x x .【解析】：⎰⎰⎰+---+=-+=-+101010102)1)(2(12)1ln(21)1ln()2()1ln(dx x x x x x d x dx x x ⎰=-=+-+=++--=10102ln 312ln 322ln 12ln 312ln )1121(312ln x x dx x x .50.设),()2(xy x g y x f z ++= ，其中),(),(v u g t f 皆可微，求yz x z ∂∂∂∂,. 【解析】：xvv g x u u g x y x y x f x z ∂∂∂∂+∂∂∂∂+∂+∂+'=∂∂)2()2( ),(),()2(2xy x g y xy x g y x f v u'+'++'==∂∂∂∂+∂∂∂∂+∂+∂+'=∂∂yvv g y u u g y y x y x f y z )2()2(),()2(xy x g x y x f v '++'. 51．计算二重积分⎰⎰=Dydxdy xI 2，其中D 由12,===x x y x y 及所围成.【解析】：积分区域如图06-1所示， 可表示为：x y x x 2,10≤≤≤≤. 所以 ⎰⎰⎰⎰==10222xxDydy x dx ydxdy x I 10310323)2(10510421022====⎰⎰x dx x y dx x xx .52．求幂级数nn nx n ∑∞=--+0)1()3(1【解析】： 令t x =-1，级数化为 n n nt n∑∞=-+0)3(1，这是不缺项的标准的幂级数. 因为 313)3(11)3(1lim 1)3(1)3(1lim lim 11=--+-=+⋅-+-+==∞→+∞→+∞→nnn n n n n n n n n a a ρ， 故级数nn nt n ∑∞=-+0)3(1的收敛半径31==ρR ，即级数收敛区间为（-3，3）. 对级数nn nx n ∑∞=--+0)1()3(1有313<-<-x ，即42<<-x . 故所求级数的收敛区间为），（42-. 53．求微分方程 0)12(2=+-+dy x xy dy x 通解.【解析】：微分方程0)12(2=+-+dx x xy dy x 可化为 212xx y x y -=+'，这是一阶线性微分方程，它对应的齐次线性微分方程02=+'y x y 通解为2xCy =.xx设非齐次线性微分方程的通解为2)(x x C y =，则3)(2)(xx C x C x y -'='，代入方程得 C x x x C x x C +-=⇒-='2)(1)(2.故所求方程的通解为2211xCx y +-=.四、应用题（每小题7分，共计14分）54. 某公司的甲、乙两厂生产同一种产品，月产量分别为y x ,千件；甲厂月生产成本是5221+-=x x C （千元），乙厂月生产成本是3222++=y y C （千元）.若要求该产品每月总产量为8千件，并使总成本最小，求甲、乙两厂最优产量和相应最小成本.【解析】：由题意可知：总成本8222221++-+=+=y x y x C C C ，约束条件为8=+y x .问题转化为在8=+y x 条件下求总成本C 的最小值 .把8=+y x 代入目标函数得 0(882022>+-=x x x C 的整数）.则204-='x C ，令0='C 得唯一驻点为5=x ，此时有04>=''C .故 5=x 是唯一极值点且为极小值，即最小值点.此时有38,3==C y . 所以 甲、乙两厂最优产量分别为5千件和3千件，最低成本为38千元.55.由曲线)2)(1(--=x x y 和x 轴所围成一平面图形,求此平面图形绕y 轴旋转一周所成的旋转体的体积. 【解析】：平面图形如图06-2所示,此立体可看作X 型区域绕y 轴旋转一周而得到。
2006六级真题答案解析
2006六级真题答案解析作为考生和备考者，对往年六级真题的解析是非常重要的。
通过对2006年六级真题的解析，可以让我们更好地了解考试的趋势和重点，为备考提供指导。
本文将对2006年六级真题进行全面解析，帮助考生深入理解题目并掌握解题技巧。
1.听力部分听力部分是六级考试中最难突破的一部分，也是考生备考的重点。
在2006年的六级听力部分，主要包括听力理解和听力填空两种题型。
对于听力理解题型，考生需要做到准确抓取关键词，掌握主要信息。
同时，注意听力材料中的转折词和连接词语，用以分析和推理信息。
在解答问题时，要快速定位到相应的听力材料，并进行有针对性的解答。
总体而言，六级听力理解题型对考生的听力理解能力有较高要求，需要准确抓住重点信息。
对于听力填空题型，考生需要在听力材料中快速找到与题目相关的信息，并迅速填写在答题卡上。
尽可能地用简洁的词汇填写答案，避免句子结构和语法错误。
同样，对于一些提问“意图”、“态度”等主观性问题，要根据所听内容进行合理推测，找到正确答案。
2.阅读部分阅读部分是六级考试的重点部分之一。
在2006年的六级阅读部分，主要包括短文理解和长篇阅读两种题型。
对于短文理解题型，考生需要快速浏览文章，了解大意并抓住关键信息。
可以在阅读过程中使用标记法，对关键句子或段落进行标记，以便在解答问题时能够快速定位到相关信息。
在解答问题时，要注意对题目要求的理解，并准确运用相关知识进行解答。
长篇阅读部分相对较难，需要考生具备较高的综合分析能力和阅读理解能力。
在解答问题时，要首先理解文章的大意，然后针对具体问题进行分析和推理，找到正确答案。
需要注意的是，长篇阅读中常常涉及专业词汇和复杂句法结构，考生在备考过程中要多加练习，提高对专业领域的理解和应用能力。
3.写作部分写作部分是六级考试的另一个重要组成部分。
在解答六级写作题目时，要注意结构合理，行文连贯，逻辑清晰。
同时，要善于运用各类写作技巧，如列举例子、对比分析、举一反三等，丰富文章内容。
2006年6月六级听力真题及答案
2006年6月17日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pie.B) He’d like some coffee.C) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload t oo heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.2006年6月17日六级参考答案Part I1. C2. D3. B4. C5. D6. A7. C8. B9. B 10. A11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A。
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷.理)含详解
绝密★启用前2007 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学（理工类） （北京卷）本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，第 I 卷 1 至2 页,第 II 卷 3 至 9 页，共 150 分。
考试时间 120 分钟。
考试结束。
将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第 I 卷（选择题共 40 分） 注意事项：1． 答第 I 卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目写在答题卡上。
2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试卷上。
一、本大题共 8 小题，每小题 5 分，共 40 分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求 的一项。
1. 若数列}{n a 满足: 311=a , 且对任意正整数n m ,都有n m n m a a a ⋅=+, 则 =++++∞→)(lim 21n n a a aA ．21B ．32C ．23D ．22. 过平行六面体1111D C B A ABCD -任意两条棱的中点作直线, 其中与平面11D DBB 平行的直线共有A ．4条B ．6条C ．8条D ．12条3. 已知,0||2||≠= 且关于x 的方程0||2=⋅++x x 有实根, 则与的夹角的取值范围是A ．]6,0[πB ．],3[ππC ．]32,3[ππD ．],6[ππ4. 某外商计划在4个候选城市投资3个不同的项目, 且在同一个城市投资的项目不超过2个, 则该外商不同的投资方案有A ． 16种B ．36种C ．42种D ．60种5. 过双曲线1:222=-by x M 的左顶点A 作斜率为1的直线l , 若l 与双曲线M的两条渐近线分别相交于点C B ,, 且||||BC AB =, 则双曲线M 的离心率是A ． 10B ．5C ．310D ．25 6. 设函数1)(--=x ax x f , 集合}0)(|{},0)(|{>'=<=x f x P x f x M , 若P M ⊂,则实数a 的取值范围是A ．)1,(--∞B ．)1,0(C ．),1(+∞D ．),1[+∞ 7. 棱长为2的正四面体的四个顶点都在同一个球面上, 若过该球球心的一个截面如图1,则图中三角形(正四面体的截面)的面积是A ．22 B ．23 C ．2 D ．38. 若圆0104422=---+y x y x 上至少有三个不同的点到直线0:=+by ax l 的距离为22,则直线l 的倾斜角的取值范围是A ． ]412[ππ，B ．]12512[ππ，C ．]36[ππ，D ．]20[π，绝密★启用前2006 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学（文史类） （北京卷） 第 II 卷（共 110 分）注意事项：1．用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上。
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)含详解
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学（江苏卷）参考公式： 一组数据的方差])()()[(1222212x x x x x x n S n -++-+-=其中x 为这组数据的平均数一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，恰．有一项．．．是符合题目要求的。
（1）已知R a ∈，函数R x a x x f ∈-=|,|sin )(为奇函数，则a ＝（A ）0 （B ）1 （C ）－1 （D ）±1 （2）圆1)3()1(22=++-y x 的切线方程中有一个是（A ）x －y ＝0 （B ）x ＋y ＝0 （C ）x ＝0 （D ）y ＝0（3）某人5次上班途中所花的时间（单位：分钟）分别为x ，y ，10，11，9.已知这组数据的平均数为10，方差为2，则｜x －y ｜的值为（A ）1 （B ）2 （C ）3 （D ）4（4）为了得到函数R x x y ∈+=),63sin(2π的图像，只需把函数R x x y ∈=,sin 2的图像上所有的点（A ）向左平移6π个单位长度，再把所得各点的横坐标缩短到原来的31倍（纵坐标不变） （B ）向右平移6π个单位长度，再把所得各点的横坐标缩短到原来的31倍（纵坐标不变）（C ）向左平移6π个单位长度，再把所得各点的横坐标伸长到原来的3倍（纵坐标不变）（D ）向右平移6π个单位长度，再把所得各点的横坐标伸长到原来的3倍（纵坐标不变）（5）10)31(xx -的展开式中含x 的正整数指数幂的项数是（A ）0 （B ）2 （C ）4 （D ）6（6）已知两点M （－2，0）、N （2，0），点P 为坐标平面内的动点，满足||||MN MP MN NP ⋅+⋅＝0，则动点P （x ，y ）的轨迹方程为（A ）x y 82= （B ）x y 82-= （C ）x y 42= （D ）x y 42-= （7）若A 、B 、C 为三个集合，C B B A ⋂=⋃，则一定有（A ）C A ⊆ （B ）A C ⊆ （C ）C A ≠ （D ）φ=A （8）设a 、b 、c 是互不相等的正数，则下列等式中不恒成立．．．．的是 （A ）||||||c b c a b a -+-≤- （B ）aa a a 1122+≥+ （C ）21||≥-+-ba b a （D ）a a a a -+≤+-+213 （9）两相同的正四棱锥组成如图1为1的正方体内，使正四棱锥的底面ABCD 某一个平面平行，且各顶点．．．的几何体体积的可能值有（A）1个 （B ）2个 （C ）3个 （D ）无穷多个（10）右图中有一个信号源和五个接收器。
2006年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案
2006年6月英语六级真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulbC) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pie.B) He’d like some coffeeC) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical careC) Applied physicsD) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including theAmerican Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we?” Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“Un-American!” And-the propagandists’ trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one’s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.Most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America’s health-care system according to the author?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America’s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy”are synonymous (同义的).Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense.Directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment； and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that____.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for ＄500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellowcitizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that of white families.Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedC) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Direction: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. Because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.A)originality B) subjectivityC) generality D) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the European Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspiration B) assimilationC) intuition D) aspiration43. America has now adopted more _________ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discrete B) solemnC) rigorous D) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur to efficiency and innovation.A) extravagant B) exquisiteC) intermittent D) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ___ today.A) transient B) commonplaceC) implicit D) elementary46. I was so ___ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the first time.A) immersed B) assaultedC) thrilled D) dedicated47. His arm was ___ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, who already died, remained in a delicate condition.A)retrieved B) retainedC) repelled D) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ___ to be the Greatest American.A) appointed B) appeasedC) nicknamed D) dominated49. The ___ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decreasethe crime rate.A) overflowing B) overwhelmingC) prevalent D) premium50. We will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisions per household, as smallTV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startling B) surpassingC) suppressing D) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enriched B) enlightenedC) cherished D) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower aperson’s blood pressure.A) interacting B) integratingC) migrating D) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many years, _________ cultural barriers.A) transporting B) transplantingC) transferring D) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ___ him of much of hissight.A) relieved B) jeopardizedC) deprived D) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denser and less ___ to injury.A) attached B) proneC) immune D) reconciled56. He has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entire personalcollection of modern art.A) ascribed B) attributedC) designated D) donated57. Erik’s website contains ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.A) prosperous B) gorgeousC) spacious D) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.A) trail B) traitC) trace D) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make a successful ___ into college life.A) transformation B) transmissionC) transition D) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which ___the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distort B) reinforceC) exert D) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe the apparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.A) seniority B) superiorityC) height D) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observing lights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.A) abnormal B) exoticC) absurd D) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligible B) randomC) spontaneous D) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitude towards modern art.A) informative B) indicativeC) exclusive D) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or more with little ___ from the outside world.A) disturbance B) discriminationC) irritation D) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .A) stability B) capability。
06年12月六级真题参考答案
Part VI Translation
72. followed my advice, you would not have run into trouble 73. watched her injured son being sent into the operation room 74. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment 75. by/ via email instead of phone 76. It was not until the deadline did he send out/post
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A 47. a blessing 48. simplified 49. it had nearly been destroyed by a firestorm Or: A tragedy / disaster / loss almost occurred to it 50. different 51. make a list of the unnecessary things (before unloading them)
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A 11. D 12. C 15. D 16. A 19. B 20.D 23. B 24.C Section B 26. B 27. C 30. A 31. D 34.D /them its----their
• 语义矛盾： acceptance----rejection • 词性：adj-adv，adv-adj
2006年全国理综卷及答案
绝密★启用前2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第a卷（非选择题）两部分。
第I卷1至4页，第Ⅱ卷5至8页。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷注愈事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码．请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效．3本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16一、选择题（本题包括13小题。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1.人的神经系统中，有些神经细胞既能传导兴奋，又能合成分泌激素。
这些细胞位于A.大脑皮层B. 垂体C. 下丘脑D. 脊髓2.一般情况下，用抗原免疫机体，血清中抗体浓度会发生相应变化。
如果第二次免疫与第一次免疫所用的抗原相同且剂量相等，下列四图中能正确表示血清中抗体浓度变化的是3.下列关于动物细胞培养的叙述，正确的是A.培养中的人效应T 细胞能产生单克隆抗体B.培养中的人B 细胞能够无限地增殖C.人的成熟红细胞经过培养能形成细胞株D.用胰蛋白酶处理肝组织可获得单个肝细胞4.锄足蟾蝌蚪、雨蛙蝌蚪和蟾蜍蝌蚪均以浮游生物为食。
在条件相同的四个池塘中，每池放养等量的三种蝌蚪，各池蝌蚪总数相同。
再分别在四个池塘中放入不同数量的捕食者水螈。
一段时间后，三种蝌蚪数量变化结果如图。
下列分析，错误．．的是A.无水螈的池塘中，锄足蟾蝌蚪数量为J 型增长B.三种蝌蚪之间为竞争关系C.水螈更喜捕食锄足蟾蝌蚪D.水螈改变了三种蝌蚪间相互作用的结果5.采用基因工程技术将人凝血因子基因导入山羊受精卵，培育出了转基因羊。
但是，人凝血因子只存在于该转基因羊的乳汁中。
以下有关叙述，正确的是A.人体细胞中凝血因子基因编码区的碱基对数目，等于凝血因子氨基酸数目的3倍B.可用显微注射技术将含有人凝血因子基因的重组DNA 分子导入羊的受精卵C.在转基因羊中，人凝血因子基因存在于乳腺细胞，而不存在于其他体细胞中D.人凝血因子基因开始转录后，DNA 连接酶以DNA 分子的一条链为模板合成mRNA 6.在常温常压下呈气态的化合物，降温使其固化得到的晶体属于A.分子晶体B.原子晶体C.离子晶体D.何种晶体无法判断 7.下列叙述正确的是A.同一主族的元素，原子半径越大，其单质的熔点一定越高B.同一周期元素的原子，半径越小越容易失去电子C.同一主族的元素的氢化物，相对分子质量越大，它的沸点一定越高D.稀有气体元素的原子序数越大，其单质的沸点一定越高 8.用A N 代表阿伏加德罗常数，下列说法正确的是A.0.5molAl 与足量盐酸反应转移电子数为1A NB.标准状况下，11.2L 3SO 所含的分子数为0.5A NC.0.1mol 4CH 所含的电子数为1A ND.46g 2NO 和24N O 的混合物含有的分子数为1A N9.把分别盛有熔融的氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化铝的三个电解槽串连，在一定条件下通电一段时间后，析出钾、镁、铝的物质的量之比为 A. 1:2:3 B. 3:2:1 C.6:3:1 D. 6:3:210. 浓度均为0.1mol ·L -1的三种溶液等体积混和，充分反映后没有沉淀的一组溶液是A. BaCl 2 NaOH NaHCO 3B. Na 2CO 3 MgCl 2 H 2SO 4C. AlCl 3 NH 3·H 2O NaOHD. Ba(OH)2 CaCl 2 Na 2SO 411.在0.1mol ·L -1CH 3COOH 溶液中存在如下电离平衡：CH 3COOH CH 3COO -+H +对于该平衡，下列叙述正确的是A.加入水时，平衡向逆反应方向移动B.加入少量NaOH 固体，平衡向正反应方向移动C.加入少量0.1mol ·L -1HCl 溶液，溶液中c （H +）减小D.加入少量CH 3COONa 固体，平衡向正反应方向移动 12. 茉莉醛具有浓郁的茉莉花香，其结构简式如下所示：关于茉莉醛的下列叙述错误的是A.在加热和催化剂作用下，能被氢气还原B.能被高锰酸钾酸性溶液氧化C.在一定条件下能与溴发生取代反应D.不能与氢溴酸发生加成反应13.由硫酸钾、硫酸铝和硫酸组成的混和溶液，其pH ＝1，c （Al 3+）＝0.4mol ·L -1，c （SO 42-）＝0.8mol ·L -1，则c （K +）为 A.0.15mol ·L -1 B.0.2mol ·L -1 C.0.3mol ·L -1 D.0.4mol ·L -1二、选择题（本题包括8小题。
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考理试题参考答案(北京卷)
2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学（理工农医类）（北京卷）参考答案一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分）1．Ｄ 2．Ｃ 3．Ｂ 4．Ａ 5．Ｃ 6．Ａ 7．Ｄ 8．Ｃ二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分） 9．12-10．14- 11．12 12．π31314．13R R π 三、解答题（本大题共6小题，共80分） 15．（共12分） 解：（Ⅰ）由cos 0x ≠得()x k k π≠π+∈2Z ， 故()f x 的定义域为x x k k ⎧π⎫≠π+∈⎨⎬2⎩⎭Z ，．（Ⅱ）因为4tan 3α=-，且α是第四象限的角， 所以43sin cos 55αα=-=，，故12()cos f αααπ⎛⎫- ⎪4⎝⎭=2122cos 1sin 2cos 2cos 2cos 2sin cos cos 2(cos sin )14.5αααααααααααα⎫-⎪⎝⎭=-+=-==-=16．（共13分） 解法一：（Ⅰ）由图象可知，在(1)-∞，上()0f x '>，在(12)，上()0f x '<，在(2)+∞，上()0f x '>．故()f x 在(1)(2)-∞+∞，，，上递增，在(12)，上递减，因此()f x 在1x =处取得极大值，所以01x =．（Ⅱ）2()32f x ax bx c '=++，由(1)0(2)0(1)5f f f ''===，，，得32012405.a b c a b c a b c ++=⎧⎪++=⎨⎪++=⎩，，解得2912a b c ==-=，，．解法二：（Ⅰ）同解法一．（Ⅱ）设2()(1)(2)32f x m x x mx mx m '=--=-+． 又2()32f x ax bx c '=++， 所以3232m a b m c m ==-=，，， 323()232m f x x mx mx =-+．由(1)5f =，即32532m m m -+=， 得6m =．所以2912a b c ==-=，，．17．（共14分） 解法一：（Ⅰ）PA ⊥平面ABCD ．AB ∴是PB 在平面ABCD 上的射影， 又AB AC AC ⊂ ，⊥平面ABCD ．AC PB ∴⊥． （Ⅱ）连接BD ，与AC 相交于O ，连接EO ．ABCD 是平行四边形， O ∴是BD 的中点， 又E 是PD 的中点，EO PB ∴∥． 又PB ⊄平面AEC EO ⊂，平面AEC ．PB ∴∥平面AEC ． （Ⅲ）过O 作FG AB ∥，交AD 于F ，交BC 于G ，则F 为AD 的中点．AB AC ⊥， OG AC ∴⊥． 又由（Ⅰ），（Ⅱ）知，AC PB EO PB ，⊥∥，AC EO ∴⊥．EOG ∴∠是二面角E AC B --的平面角．连接EF ，在EFO △中，PBCDE A OGF1122EF PA FO AB ==，，又PA AB EF FO =，⊥， 45135EOF EOG ∴∠=∠= ，，∴二面角E AC B --的大小为135 ．解法二：（Ⅰ）建立空间直角坐标系A xyz -，如图． 设AC a PA b ==，，则有(000)(00)(00)(00)A B b C a P b ，，，，，，，，，，，，(00)(0)AC a PB b b ∴==- ，，，，，，从而0AC PB =AC PB ∴⊥． （Ⅱ）连接BD ，与AC 相交于O ，连接EO ．由已知得(0)D a b -，，，002222a b b a E O ⎛⎫⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，，，，，022b b EO ⎛⎫∴=- ⎪⎝⎭ ，，，又(0)PB b b =-，，， 2PB EO ∴= ，PB EO ∴∥，又PB ⊄平面AEC EO ，⊂平面AEC ，PB ∴∥平面AEC ．（Ⅲ）取BC 中点G ．连接OG ，则点G 的坐标为000222a b b OG ⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，，，，，，又0(00)22b b OE AC a ⎛⎫=-= ⎪⎝⎭，，，，，，∴00OE AC OG AC ==，． OE AC OG AC ∴，⊥⊥．EOG ∴∠是二面角E AC B --的平面角．cos cos OE OG EOG OE OG OE OG∴=<>==，． 135EOG ∴∠= ．∴二面角E AC B --的大小为135 ．y18．（共13分）解：记该应聘者对三门指定课程考试及格的事件分别为A B C ，，． 则()()()P A a P B b P C c ===，，． （Ⅰ）应聘者用方案一考试通过的概率1()()()()P P A B C P A B C P A B C P A B C =+++(1)(1)(1)ab c bc a ac b abc =-+-+-+2ab bc ca abc =++-；应聘者用方案二考试通过的概率2111()()()333P P A B P B C P A C =++1()3ab bc ca =++．（Ⅱ）因为[01]a b c ∈，，，，所以122()23P P ab bc ca abc -=++- 2[(1)(1)(1)]03ab c bc a ca b =-+-+-≥． 故12P P ≥．即采用第一种方案，该应聘者考试通过的概率较大． 19．（共14分）解法一：（Ⅰ）由PM PN -=P 的轨迹是以M N ，为焦点的双曲线的右支，实半轴长a =又半焦距2c =，故虚半轴长b ==所以W 的方程为22122x y x -=， （Ⅱ）设A B ，的坐标分别为1122()()x y x y ，，，， 当AB x ⊥轴时，1212x x y y ==-，，从而221212112OA OB x x y y x y =+=-=．当AB 与x 轴不垂直时，设直线AB 的方程为y kx m =+，与W 的方程联立，消去y 得222(1)220k x kmx m ----=．故21212222211km m x x x x k k ++==--，．所以1212OA OB x x y y =+12122212122222222222()()(1)()(1)(2)2112242.11x x kx m kx m k x x km x x m k m k m m k k k k k =+++=++++++=++--+==+--又因为120x x >，所以210k ->，从而2OA OB >．综上，当AB x ⊥轴时，OA OB 取得最小值2．解法二：（Ⅰ）同解法一．（Ⅱ）设A B ，的坐标分别为1122()()x y x y ，，，， 则22()()2(12)i i i i i i x y x y x y i -=+-==，． 令i i i s x y =+，i i i t x y =-， 则20i i i s t s =>，，0(12)i t i >=，，所以1212OA OB x x y y =+ 1122112211()()()()44s t s t s t s t =+++--121211222s s t t =+=， 当且仅当1212s s t t =，即1212x x y y =⎧⎨=-⎩，时“＝”成立．所以OA OB的最小值是2． 20．（共14分）（Ⅰ）解：12345678910312110110 1.a a a a a a a a a a ==========，，，，，，，，，（答案不惟一）（Ⅱ）解：因为在绝对差数列{}n a 中，202130a a ==，，所以自第20项开始，该数列是202122232425262730330330a a a a a a a a ======== ，，，，，，，，即自第20项开始，每三个相邻的项周期地取值3，0，3，所以当n →∞时，n a 的极限不存在．当20n ≥时，126n n n n b a a a ++=++=，所以lim 6n n b →∞=．（Ⅲ）证明：根据定义，数列{}n a 必在有限项后出现零项．证明如下：假设{}n a 中没有零项，由于12n n n a a a --=-，所以对于任意的n ，都有1n a ≥， 从而当12n n a a -->时，1211(3)n n n n a a a a n ---=--≤≥； 当12n n a a --<时，2121(3)n n n n a a a a n ---=--≤≥． 即n a 的值要么比1n a -至少小1，要么比2n a -至少小1． 令212122212()123()n n n n n n n a a a c n a a a --->⎧==⎨<⎩ ，，，，，．则101(234)n n c c n -<-= ，，，≤．由于1c 是确定的正整数，这样减少下去，必然存在某项0k c <，这与0n c >（123n = ，，，）矛盾．从而{}n a 必有零项． 若第一次出现的零项为第n 项，记1(0)n a A A -=≠，则自第n 项开始，每三个相邻的项周期地取值0AA ，，． 即3313200123n k n k n k a a A k aA +++++=⎧⎪==⎨⎪=⎩ ，，，，，，，，所以绝对差数列{}n a 中有无穷多个为零的项．。
2006年6月英语四级真题（新题型）及答案解析（完整版）
2006年6⽉英语四级真题（新题型）及答案解析（完整版）2006年6⽉英语四级考试真题(新题型)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lecturers. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1．有些⼤学允许学⽣⾃由选择某些课程的任课⽼师2．学⽣选择⽼师时所考虑的主要因素是3．学⽣⾃选任课⽼师的益处及可能产⽣的问题注意：实考中，此部分试题在答题卡1上。
On Students Selecting LecturersPart II R eading Comprehension ( Skimming and Scanning) (15 minules ) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N ( for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.HighwaysEarly in the 20th century, most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt, brick, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate ( 容纳) automobiles. With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(收费公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam( for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weightrestrictions, or commercial signs. During World War I, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U. S. Anny's first transcontinental motor convoy (车队), he noted: "The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany's Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land. ' It would take another war before the federal government would act on a national highway system. During World War Il ,a tremendous increase in trucks and new roads were required. The war demonstrated how criticalhighways were to the defense effort. Thirteen per cent of defense plants received all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shipped more than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed that local control of highways had led to a confusing variety of design standards. Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states allowed trucks up to 36,000 pounds, while others restricted anything over 7,000 pounds. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called for strict, centrally controlled design criteria.The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetland, rivers, deserts and plains. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use, and the nature of the underlying soil. Urban areas wereanother problem. Innovative designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America.Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway inFlorida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, met many of the nation's physical challenges. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streetsand traffic patterns.Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U. S. , and the U. S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U. S. roads(0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most: personal !~eedom of mobility.The interstate system has been an essent-iai element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 per cent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads, residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his visi0n and leadership. The year construction began he said: "Together, the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamie elements in the very name we bear---United States. Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts."注意：实考中，8-10题在答题卡1上1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.2. General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America.3. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.4. Many of the problems presented by the country's geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.5. In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads.6. The interstate highways system provides access between major military installations in America.7. Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system.1. [Y][N][NG]2. [Y][N][NG]3. [Y][N][NG]4. [Y][N][NG]5. [Y][N][NG]6. [Y][N][NG]7. [Y][N][NG]8. The greatest benefits brought about by the interstate system was9. Trucks using the the interstate highways deliver more than10. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition ofPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questious will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) The girls got on well with each other. B) It's understandable that girls don't get along.C) She was angry with the other young stars. D) The girls lacked the courage to fight.12. A) The woman does her own housework~t B) The woman needs a housekeeper.C) The weather house is in a mess. D) The weather works as a housekeeper.13. A) The Edwards are quite well off.B) The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.C) It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another h0use.D) It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.14. A) The woman didn't expect it to be so warm at noon. B) The woman is sensitive to weather changes.C) The weather forecast was unreliable. D) The weather turned cold all of a sudden.15. A) At a clinic. B) In a supermarket.C) At a restaurant. D) In an ice cream shop.16. A) The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx.B) The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district.C) The woman started working at an early age to support her family.D) The man doesn't think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.17. A) The man has never seen the woman before. B) The two speakers work for the same company.C) The two speakers work on the same floor. D) The woman is interested in market research.18. A) The woman can't tolerate any noise. B) The man is looking for an apartment.C) The man has missed his appointment. D) The woman is going to take a train trip. Questions 19 to21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To make a business report to the woman.B) To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.C) To resign from his position in the woman's company.D) To exchange stock market information with the woman.20. A) He is head of a small trading company. B) He works in an international insurance company.C) He leads a team of brokers in a big company. D) He is a public relations officer in a small company.21. A) The woman thinks Mr. Sannders is asking for more than they can offer.B) Mr. Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.C) Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.D) The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders's past experience.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) She's worried about the seminar. B) The man keeps interrupting her.C) She finds it too hard. D) She lacks interest in it.23. A) The lecturers are boring. B) The course is poorly designed.C) She prefers Philosophy to English. D) She enjoys literature more.24. A) Karen's friend. B) Karen's parents. C) Karen's lecturers. D) Karen herself.25. A) Changing her major. B) Spending less of her parents' money.C) Getting transferred to the English Department. D) Leaving the university.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D ) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Rent a grave. B) Bury the body.C) Bury the dead near a church. D) Buy a piece of land for a grave.27. A) To solve the problem of lack of la, id: B) To see whether they have decayed.C) To follow the Greek religious practice. D) T0 move them to a muhi-storey graveyard.28. A) They should be buried lying down. BI They should be buried standing up.C) They should be buffed after being washed. D) They should be buried when partially decayed.29. A) Burning dead bodies to ashes. B) Storing dead bodies in a remote place.C) Placing dead bodies in a bone room. D) Digging up dead bodies after three years. Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B) Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C) The United States is a country of immigrants.D) Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.31. A) They can make friends with people from other countries.B) They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C) They can practise speaking foreign languages there.D) They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.32. A) The couple cook the dishes and the children help them.B) The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C) The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D) A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) He took them to watch a basketball game.B) He trained them to play European football.C) He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.D) He taught them to play an exciting new game.34. A) The players found the basket too high to reach.B) The players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket.C) The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules.D) The players soon found the game boring,35. A) By removing the bottom of the basket B) By lowering the position of the basket.C) By simplifying the complex rules. D) By altering the size of the basket.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is rend for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is rend for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：实考中，该试题在答题卡2上。
2006考研数学二真题及答案解析
( ) 设函数 f (u)在(0, +∞) 内具有二阶导数，= 且 Z f
x2 + y2
满足等式
∂2z ∂x2
+
∂2z ∂y 2
= 0
(I)验证 f ′′(u) + f ′(u) = 0 ; (II)若= f (1) 0= , f ′(1) 1, 求函数 f (u)的表达式 . u
(21)(本题满分 12 分)
增量， y 与 dy 分别为 f (x) 在点 x0 处对应增量与微分，若 x > 0 ，则( )
(A) 0 < dy < y
(B) 0 < y < dy
(C) y < dy < 0
(D) dy < y < 0
x
∫ (8) 设 f (x) 是奇函数，除 x = 0 外处处连续， x = 0 是其第一类间断点，则 f (t)dt 是( ) 0
=1 3
注： 0 型未定式，可以采用洛必达法则；等价无穷小量的替换 sin x2 x2 0
❤
(3)【答案】1 2
【详解】
∫ ∫ +∞ xdx =1 +∞ dx2 =− 1 ⋅ 1 +∞ =1
0 (1+ x2 )2 2 0 (1+ x2 )2 2 1+ x2 0 2
(4) 【答案】 Cxe− x .
(A)连续的奇函数
(C)在 x = 0 间断的奇函数
(B)连续的偶函数
(D)在 x = 0 间断的偶函数
(9) 设函数 g(x) 可微，= h(x) e1+g(x)= , h′(1) 1,= g′(1) 2, 则 g(1) 等于( )
06年专四真题与答案详解
06年专四真题PARTⅠDICTIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear severalconversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1.How did Mark get there?A.By train and by car.B.By plane and by coach.C.By train and by bus.D.By bus and by plane.2.Mark used to wear all the following EXCEPTA.short hair.B.glassesC.moustache.D.beard.3.Where is the meeting for new students to be held?A.In the third room on the right.B.In the Common Room.C.In a room at the other end.D.In Room 501.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4.What did Steve originally plan to do?A.To go to a park near the beach.B.To stay at home.C.To see a new film.D.To do some study.5.Maggie finally decided to go to see a film becauseA.there was no park nearby.B.the weather wasn’t ideal for a walk.C.it would be easier to go to a cinema.D.Steve hadn’t seen the film yet.6.Where did they plan to meet?A.Outside the Town Hall.B.Near the bank.C.In Steven’s place.D.At the cinema.PART Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.7.The following details are true about the new device EXCEPTA.it has colour.B.it has a moving image.C.it costs less money.D.it is not on the market.8.Why didn’t Bill want one of them?A.He wanted to buy one from Japan.B.He wasn’t sure about its quality.C.He thought it was for business use.D.He thought it was expensive.9.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the woman?A.She had never read the magazine herself.B.She knew who usually read the magazine.C.She was quite interested in the new device.D.She agreed with Bill at the end of the conversation.10.The conversation is mainly aboutA.a new type of telephone.B.the cost of telephone.C.some features of the magazine.D.the readership of the magazine.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. ,4t the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11.In the old days dogs were used for the following EXCEPTA.hunting other animals.B.driving sheep.C.guarding chickens.D.keeping thieves away.12.Which of the following is CORRECT?A.Dogs are now treated as part of a family.B.Dogs still performed all the duties they used to do.C.People now keep dogs for the same reasons as before.D.Only old people are seen walking their dogs.13.The passage is mainly aboutA.what dogs can do.B.how to keep dogs.C.dogs and their masters.D.reasons for keeping dogs.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14.According to the passage, the working conditions in the new placeA.are the same as the speaker is used to.B.are expected to be rather poor.C.are just as adequate.D.are not yet clear.15.What is the speaker going to do in the new place?A.Travelling.B.Studying.C.Settling down.D.Teaching.16.The speaker expectsA.fewer choices of food.B.many ways to do washing.C.modern lighting facilities.D.new types of drinking water.17.From the passage we learn that the speakerA.is unprepared for the new post.B.is unclear about the conditions there.C.is ready for all the difficulties there.D.is eager to know more about the post.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18.According to the passage,when are children first expectd to study hard?A.Before 6 years of age.B.Between 6 and 10.C.After 10 years of age.D.After 12 years of age.19. Parents who abuse their children tend to have the following problems EXCEPTA.religious problems.B.emotional problems.C.financial problems.D.marriage problems.20.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A.Boys and girls are equally energetic.B.Parents have higher expectations for boys.C.Some parents lack skills to deal with their kids.D.Some parents are ill-educated and ill-tempered.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21.What has happened to the Cubans?A.They set foot in Floria.B.They were drowned.C.They were flown to the U.S.D.They were sent back to Cuba.22.How did the Cubans try to enter the U.S.?A.In a small boat.B.In an old truck.C.By swimming.D.By driving.Questions 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23.How many cities will have air quality monitoring systems installed by the ned of this year?A.42 cities.B.220 cities.C. 150 cities.D. 262 cities.Questions 24 and25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.24. Altogether how many people were reported missing?A. 68.B.90.C. 150.D. 40.25.Which of the following details is INCORRECT?A.The two ferries sank on different days.B.The accidents were caused by storms.C.The two ferries sank on the same river.D.More people were rescued from the first ferry.Questions 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.26.What is the news item mainly about?A.Indonesian government policies.B.Australia’s support to the UN assistance mission.C.Opening of an Australian consulate in East Timor.D.Talks between Australia and Indonesia.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. The news item is mainly about a joint venture betweenA.a US company and a UK company.B.a Swiss company and a UK company.C.two Taiwanese companies.D.a mainland company and a US company.28.Who will provide the distribution networks in the joint venture?A.Unilever.B.Nestle.C.PepsiCo.D.Coca Cola.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.Who staged the protect on Saturday?A.The soldiers.B.The peace camp.C.The militants.D. The hardliners.30. Which of the following details about the news is INCOPPECT?A.13 soilders were killed last week.B.100,000 people participated in the protest.C. The protesters demanded a pullout from Gaza.D.The Prime Minister rejected the pullout plan.ⅢCLOZEThere are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most ( 31 )＿held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder--- even if it means (32)＿the pavement into a busy street!(33)＿you must pass under a ladder you can(34)＿bad luck by crossing your fingers and(35)＿them crossed until you have seen a dog.(36)＿, you may lick your finger and (37)＿a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not lookagain at the shoe until the (38)＿has dried. Another common (39)＿is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house---it will either bring (40)＿to the person who opened it or to the whole (41)＿. Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is (42)＿, as it inevitably brings rain!The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month (43)＿on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay (44)＿.The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, (45)＿it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (46)＿in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods.Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are (47)＿witchcraft.. it is (48)＿lucky if a black cat crosses your path-although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood (49)＿luck.This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never (50)＿, touch wood?”31. A broadly B widely C quicklyD speedily32. A running from B jumping off C stepping off D keeping from33. A If B As C ThoughD Unless34. A erase B remove C avoidD ease35. A keep B keeping C keptD to keep36. A Consequently B However C Comparatively D Alternatively37. A make B print C perform D produce38. A label B symbol C markD cut39. A argument B superstition C opinion D idea40. A loss B difficulty C tragedyD misfortune41. A .house B household C home D circle42. A unwise B unintelligent C unpopular D unfortunate43. A falls B arrives C dropsD happens44. A away B outdoors Cindoors D far45. A when B as C ifD though46. A have originated B be originating C be originated D originate47. A concerned about B related with C associated with D connected in48. A especially B specially C frequently D rarely49. A as B for C inD of50. A broken up B broken off C broken away D broken downPART IV GRAMMAR＆VOCABULARY 51. __dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.A AlthoughB whateverC AsD However52. If only I __play the guitar as well as you!A wouldB couldC shouldD might53. The party, __I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.A by whichB for whichC to whichD at which54. It’s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.A stoppedB had to stopC shall stopD stop55. The student said there were a few points inthe essay he __ impossible to comprehend.A has foundB was findingC had foundD would find56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone__ an opportunity to hear the speech.A ought to haveB must haveC may haveD should have57. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.A that you should thinkB by what you are thinkingC that you would thinkD with what you were thinking58. Susan is very hardworking, but her pay is not__ for her work.A enough goodB good enoughC as good enoughD good as enough59. It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.A attractsB shall attractC attractD has to60. Land belongs to the city; there is __ thing as private ownership of land.A no such aB not suchC not such aD no such61. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk__far.A /B suchC thatD as6２. The statistics __ that living standards inthe area have improved drastically in recent times.A provesB is provingC are provingD prove63. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, __ the spoilt ones.A not countingB not to countC don’t countD having not counted64. It was __ we had hopedA more a success thanB a success more thanC as much of a success asD a success as much as65. There used to be a petrol station near the park, __?A didn’t itB doesn’t thereC usedn’t it?D didn’t there66. It is an offence to show __ against people of different races.A distinctionB differenceC separationD discrimination67. A great amount of work has gone into __ the Cathedral to its previous splendour.A refreshingB restoringC renovatingD renewing68. The thieves fled with the local police close on their __.A backsB necksC toesD heels69. The economic recession has meant that job__ is a rare thing.A securityB safetyC protectionD secureness70. Many people nowadays save money to __ for their old age.A caterB supplyC provideD equip71. The tone of the article __ the writer’s mood at the time.A reproducedB reflectedC imaginedD imitated72. This is not the right __ to ask for my help; I am far too busy even to listen!A.momentB.situationC.opportunityD.circumstance73. The job of a student accommodation officer__ a great many visits to landladies.A concernsB offersC asksD involves74. Our family doctor’s clinic __at the junction of two busy roads.A restsB standsC staysD seats75. She was so fat that she could only just __ through the door.A assembleB appearC squeezeD gather76. After the heavy rain, a builder was called to repair the roof, which was __.A leakingB tricklingC drippingD floating77. The reception was attended by __ membersof the local community.A excellentB conspicuousC prominentD noticeable78. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but __slightly in the afternoon.A regainedB recoveredC restoredD revived79. His brain has worked away on the idea of a universal cure.A richB quickC productiveD fertile80. The couple has donated a not__ amount of money to the foundation.A inconsiderableB inconsiderateC inaccurateD incomparablePART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONTEXT AIn the case of mobile phones, change is everything. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well.First. Let’s talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile number corresponds to a person, while alandline goes to a place.If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it.This has several implications. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the “meeting” influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now, however, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer “see you there at 8”, but “text me around 8 and we’ll see where we all are”.Texting changes people as well. In their paper, “insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging”, two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the “talkers” and the “texters”-those who prefer voice to text message and those who prefer text to voice.They found that the mobile phone’s individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality.Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well.Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the “speakeasy”: the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the “spacemaker”: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera-phones intrude on people’s privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you needn’t worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.81 when people plan to meet nowadays, they A: arrange the meeting place beforehandB. postpone fixing the place till last minute C: seldom care about when and where to meet D: still love to work out detailed meeting plans.82 According to the two British researchers, the social and psychological effect are mostly likelyto be seen onA: TALKERSB; the "speakeasy"c. the “spacemaker”D. texters83 We can infer from the passage that the texts sent by texters areA: quite revealingB: well writtenc: unacceptable by othersd; shocking to others84 according to the passage ,who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobilea: talkersb: the speakeasyc :the spacemakerd: texters85 an appropriate title for the passage might be A: the SMS effectb: cultural implication of mobile usec: change in the use of the mobiled: body language and the mobile phone! TEXT BOver the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal-or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little haschanged, particularly where attitudes are concerned. Ideas about social class-whether a person is “working-class” or “middle-class”-are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her “housekeeping”, would go out and squander the rest on beer and betting.The stereotype of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was-and still is – inclined to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a top priority, but he also considered the education of his children as extermely important. Both of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more, than their middle-class supervisors. Social security and laws to improve job-security,combined with a general rise in the standard of living since the mid-fifties of the 20th century, have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes, they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility thatnew conflicts and jealousies will emerge, or rather that the old conflicts will re-appear, but between different groups.86, which of the following is seen as the cause of class differences in the past?A: Life style and occupationB: Attitude and incomeC:Income and job securityD: Job security and hobbies87 the writer seems to suggest that the description of ＿＿is closer to truth?A: middle –class ways of spending moneyB: working-class ways of spending the weekend C: working-class drinking habitsD: middle-class attitudes88 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a typical feature of the middle -class?A: Desiring for securityB: Making long-term plansC: Having priorities in lifeD: Saving money89 Working-class people's sense of security increased as a resulf of all the follwoing factors EXCEPT?A:better social securityB: more job opportunitiesC: higher living standardD: better legal protection.90.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A:Changes are slowly taking place in all sectors of the British society.B:The gap between working -class and middle- class young people is narrowing.C: Differences in income will remain but those in occupation will disappear.D: Middle-class people may sometimes feel inferior to working-class people.TEXT CFor several days I saw little of Mr. Rochester. In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighourhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him. When his foot was well enough, he rode out a great deal.During this time, all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house, when he would sometimes pass me coldly, and sometimes bow and smile. His changes of manner did not offend me, because Isaw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them.One evening, several days later, I was invited to talk to Mr. Rochester after dinner. He was sitting in his armchair, and looked not quite so severe, and much less gloomy. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were bright, probably with wine. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned, and asked me, “do you think I’m handsome, Miss Eyre?”The answer somehow slipped from my tongue before I realized it: ‘No, sir.”“Ah, you really are unusual! You are a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude.”“Sir, I’m sorry. I should have said that beauty doesn’t matter, or something like that,”“N o, you shouldn’t! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in the back! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. But perhaps I go too fast. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance your few good points.”I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly,“Y es, you’re right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been very different.I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn’t my character, but circumstances which were to blame. Why do I tell you all this? Because you’re the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because you’re sympathetic and give them hope.”It seemed he had quite a lot to talk to me. He didn’t seem to like to finish the talk quickly, as was the case for the first time.“Don’t be afraid of me, Miss Eyre.” He continued. “ you don’t relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Lowood school has had on you. But in time you will be more natural with me, and laugh, and speak freel y. You’re like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, you’ll fly very high. Good night.”91:At the beginning Miss Eyre 's impressions of Mr.Rochester were all EXCEPTA.busy B:sociable C: friendly D:changeable92,In "....and all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house,…”(the second paragraph),the word “about” meansA:around B:on C:outside D:concerning. 93. why did Mr.Rochester say" ..and the you stab me in the back!" (the 7th paragraph)?.A: Because Jane had intended to kill him with a knife.B: Because Jane had intended to be more critical.C: Because Jane had regretted having talked to him.D:Because Jane had said something else to correct herself.94, From what Mr.Rochest told miss Eyre,we can conclude that he wanted toA: tell her all his troubles.B: tell her his life experience.C:change her opinion of him.D change his circumstances.95. At the end of the passage , Mr. Rochester soundedA:rude B: cold C: friendly D: encouraging.TEXTDThe ideal companion machine-the computer- would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in a pleasant manner. Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be imitated as closely as possible, and the machine would appear to be charming, and easygoing.Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachmentand intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation. After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend.An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The machine would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user’s life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer’s own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the machine might indeed become a very attractive social partner.96.which of the following is NOT a feature of the ideal companion machine?A:Active in communicationB: Attractive in personality.C: enjoyable in performance.D: unpredictable in behaviour97. the computer would develop friendships with humans in a (n) ---------way.A: quickB: unpredictableC: productiveD: inconspicuous.98.which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned when the passage discusses the benefits of artificial relationships?A:Being able to pick up an interesting conversation.B: Being sensitive to earlier contact.C: Being ready to learn about the person's life. D:Having a pleasant and adaptable personality. 99Throughout the passage,the author is _____in his attitude towards the computerA:favourableB:criticalC: vagueD: hesitant100. which mgiht be the most appropriate title of the passage?A:Articial relationshios .B: How to form intimate relationships。
2006年6月英语六级真题(含答案)
2006年6月英语六级真题Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what‟s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, i ndividual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including theAmerican Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connectio n.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read …aggressive‟ or …non-aggressive‟ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is,of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today‟s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Y ou’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can‟t we?” Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“Un-American!”And-the propagandists’trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that‟s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one‟s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry‟s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can‟t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today‟s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven‟t heard of any raging epid emics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.Most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who‟ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can‟t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can‟t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America‟s hea lth-care system according to the author?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America‟s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one‟s need but by the date on one‟s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的).Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and manyolder Americans are poor, But most of them aren‟t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense.Directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don‟t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that____.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. Which of the following best summarizes the author‟s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discriminat ion.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for ＄500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.”But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The fundamental problem of American democracy in t he 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellowcitizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights,but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans‟ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities,insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campa ign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism‟s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct c onsequence of America‟s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that of white families.Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks‟ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedC) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks‟ civil rights.21 D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining22 B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.23 C) assert a direct line between violent media and aggressive behavior.24 D) their definition of violence25 A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.26 A) A quarter of Americans can't afford their prescription drubs.27 D) exercising price control on brand-name drugs.28 B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.29 C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.30 C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.31 A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice32 C) The elderly, being financ ially underprivileged, need human help from society.33 B) intensify conflicts between the young and the old34 C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young.35 D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age36 A) crime against humanity37 C) deep-rooted socio-economic inequality38 B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor39 D) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40 B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.。
2006考研数二真题及解析
2006 年全国硕士研究生入学一致考试数学二试题一、填空题：1-6 小题，每题 4分，共 24 分，请将答案写在答题纸指定地点上.(1)曲线 y x4sin x的水平渐近线方程为5x2cos x1x2(2)设函数 f ( x)x30sin t dt ,x0在 x 0 处连续，则aa,x0(3)广义积分xdx0 (1 x2 ) 2(4)微分方程 y y(1x)x的通解是xe y确立，则dy(5)设函数 y y( x)由方程 y1dx x 0(6)21B知足 BA B 2E,则 B.设 A1, E为 2 阶单位矩阵，矩阵2二、选择题： 9-14 小题，每题 4 分，共 32 分，以下每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项切合题目要求，把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.(7)设函数 y f (x) 拥有二阶导数，且 f ( x) 0, f( x)0,Vx 为自变量x 在点 x0处的增量， Vy 与dy分别为 f (x)在点x0处对应增量与微分，若Vx 0，则 ()(A) 0dy Vy(B) 0Vy dy(C) Vy dy0(D) dy Vy0x(8)设 f ( x) 是奇函数，除x0 外到处连续， x0 是其第一类中断点，则 f (t) dt 是( )(A) 连续的奇函数(B) 连续的偶函数(C)在x0中断的奇函数(D) 在x0 中断的偶函数(9)设函数 g(x) 可微， h( x)e1g ( x) ,h (1)1, g (1)2, 则 g (1)等于()(A) ln31(B)ln31(C)ln 2 1(D) ln2 1(10)函数 y c1e x c2e 2x xe x知足的一个微分方程是()(A) y y 2 y3xe x(B)y y 2 y3e x(C) y y 2 y3xe x(D) y y 2 y3e x4 1(11) 设 f ( x, y) 为连续函数，则d f ( r cos , r sin)rdr 等于 ( )2x 22 1 x 221 2(A)dxf ( x, y)dy(B)dxf ( x, y)dyx2 1 y 22 1 y 222(C)dyf ( x, y) dx(D)dyf (x, y)dxy(12) 设 f ( x, y)与 ( x, y) 均为可微函数，且y ( x, y) 0,已知 ( x 0 , y 0 )是 f (x, y) 在拘束条件( x, y)0 下的一个极值点，以下选项正确的选项是( )(A) 若 f x (x 0 , y 0 )(C)若 f x (x 0 , y 0 )0,则 f y ( x 0 , y 0 ) 0 (B) 若 f x ( x 0 , y 0 ) 0,则 f y ( x 0 , y 0 ) 00, 则 f y ( x 0 , y 0 )(D) 若 f x ( x 0 , y 0 ) 0, 则f y ( x 0 ,y 0 )(13) 设 1, 2 , L , s 均为 n 维列向量， A 是 m n 矩阵，以下选项正确的选项是 ( )(A) 若 1, 2,L ,s 线性有关，则A 1,A 2,L ,A(B) 若 1 ,2,L , s 线性有关，则A 1,A 2,L ,A (C)若1 ,2,L , s 线性没关，则 A 1,A2,L ,A(D) 若 1,2,L ,s 线性没关，则A 1,A 2,L ,As 线性有关 .s 线性没关 .s 线性有关 .s 线性没关 .(14) 设 A 为 3 阶矩阵，将 A 的第 2 行加到第 1 行得 B ，再将 B 的第 1 列的-1 倍加到第 2 列1 1 0得C ，记 P 01 0 ，则 ()0 0 1(A) C P 1AP.(B) CPAP 1. (C) C P T AP. (D) C PAP T .三、解答题： 15－ 23 小题，共 94 分 .请将解答写在答题纸指定的地点上 .解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤 . (15)( 此题满分 10 分 )试确立常数A, B, C 的值，使得 e x (1 Bx Cx 2 ) 1 Ax o(x 3 ) ，此中 o(x 3 ) 是当x0 时比 x 3 高阶的无量小 .(16)( 此题满分 10 分 )求 arcsin e x dxe x(17)( 此题满分 10 分 )设地区 D{( x, y) | x2y21, x0} ，计算二重积分I12xy2 dxdyD 1 x y(18)( 此题满分12 分)设数列 { x n } 知足 0x1， x n 1sin x n (n1,2,L)1x n x n2(I) 证明lim x n存在，并求该极限 ;(II)计算 lim1.x nn n(19)( 此题满分10 分)证明：当0 a b时， b sin b2cos b b a sin a2cos a a .(20)( 此题满分12 分)设函数 f (u)在 (0,) 内拥有二阶导数，且Z f x2y2知足等式 2 z 2 z0x2y2(I) 考证 f (u)f (u);(II) 若f (1)0, f (1)1,求函数 f (u)的表达式. u0(21)( 此题满分12 分)已知曲线 L 的方程x t21,(t 0) , y4t t 2(I)议论 L 的凹凸性;(II)过点 ( 1,0) 引L的切线，求切点 ( x0 , y0 ) ，并写出切线的方程;(III) 求此切线与L (对应x x0的部分)及 x 轴所围成的平面图形的面积.(22)( 此题满分 9 分 )x1x2x3 x41,已知非齐次线性方程组4x13x25x3x41,有3个线性没关的解.ax1x23x3bx41(I) 证明此方程组系数矩阵 A 的秩r ( A) 2 ;(Ⅱ ) 求a, b的值及方程组的通解 .(23)( 此题满分 9 分 )A 的各行元素之和均为T T设 3 阶实对称矩阵3,向量11,2,1 ,20, 1,1 是线性方程组 Ax0 的两个解.(I)求 A 的特点值与特点向量;(II)求正交矩阵Q 和对角矩阵,使得Q T AQ.2006 年全国硕士研究生入学一致考试数学二试题分析一、填空题(1) 【答案】 y 15【详解】 由水平渐近线的定义及无量小量的性质---- “无量小量与有界函数的乘积是无量小量”可知x 4sin x1 4sin x1 01lim ylim limx lim5x 2cos x 2cos x 5 0 5xxxx5xx0 时 1为无量小量， sin x ， cos x 均为有界量 . 故， y 1 是水平渐近线 .x51 (2) 【答案】3【详解】按连续性定义，极限值等于函数值，故xsint 2sin( x 2)x 21lim f ( x)lim洛 lim limx 32 2x 0x 0x 0 3x x 0 3x 3注： 0型不决式，能够采纳洛必达法例；等价无量小量的替代sin x 2 : x 2(3) 【答案】 1 2【详解】xdx1 dx 21 11(1 x 2 )22(1 x 2 )22 1 x 22x(4) 【答案】 Cxe . 【详解】分别变量，dy y(1x)dy (1 x) dxdy (11)dxdy 1dx dxdxxyxyxyxln yln x x ce ln y e ln xx cyCxex(5) 【答案】 e【详解】题目观察由方程确立的隐函数在某一点处的导数.在原方程中令x 0 y(0) 1 .将方程两边对 x 求导得 ye y xe y y ，令 x0 得 y (0)e(6) 【答案】 2【详解】由已知条件BA B 2E 变形得， BA 2E BB( A E)2E , 两边取队列式, 得B( A E) 2E 4 E 4 211 0 1 1 此中，AE20 1 1 2， 2E 22E 41 12E 4 2.所以， BE2A二、选择题 . (7) 【答案】 A 【详解】方法 1： 图示法 .因为 f (x)0, 则 f (x) 严格单一增添；因为 f ( x) 0, 则 f ( x) 是凹函数，又Vx 0 ，画 f ( x) x 2 的图形yy=f(x) ydy联合图形剖析，就能够明显得出结论： 0dy Vy .方法 2：用两次拉格朗日中值定理Vy dyf ( x 0 Vx) f ( x 0 ) f ( x 0 )Vx (前两项用拉氏定理 )f ( )Vxf (x 0 )Vx(再用一次拉氏定理 )f ( )(x 0)Vx ,此中 x 0 x 0 Vx, x 0因为 f ( x) 0 ，进而 Vydy0 . 又因为 dyf ( x 0 )Vx 0，应选 [A]方法 3：用拉格朗日余项一阶泰勒公式. 泰勒公式：f ( x)f (x 0 )f ( x 0 )(x x 0 ) f( x 0 )(xx 0 ) 2Lf (n)(x 0 )( xx 0 )nR n ，2!n!( n 1)此中 R nf( x 0 )( x x0 )n . 此时 n 取 1 代入，可得(n 1)!y dyf ( x 0x)f ( x 0 ) f ( x 0 ) x1f ( )( x) 22又由 dyf ( x 0 ) x 0，选 (A) .(8) 【答案】 ( B ) 【详解】方法 1：赋值法1, x 0x x,x0 特别选用 f ( x)0, x0 ，知足全部条件，则f (t)dtx .1,xx, x它是连续的偶函数 . 所以，选 ( B )方法 2：明显 f ( x) 在随意区间a, b记 x上可积，于是 F (x)f (t)dt到处连续，又F ( x)xx s t xF (x)f (t)dt0 f ( t) dtf (s)ds 0即 F (x) 为偶函数 . 选 ( B ) .(9) 【答案】 (C )【详解】利用复合函数求导法h( x) e 1 g( x) 两边对 x 求导h ( x) g ( x)e 1 g ( x)将 x 1 代入上式，1 2e1g (1)g(1) ln 11ln 2 1 . 应选 ( C ).2(10)【答案】 ( C )【详解】 题目由二阶线性常系数非齐次方程的通解，反求二阶常系数非齐次微分方程，分两步进行，先求出二阶常系数齐次微分方程的形式，再由特解定常数项.因为 yc 1e x c 2e 2 xxe x 是某二阶线性常系数非齐次方程的通解，所以该方程对应的齐次方程的特点根为 1 和 -2，于是特点方程为 22 0 ，对应的齐次( 1)( 2)微分方程为 yy - 2 y 0所以不选 ( A )与 ( B )，为了确立是 ( C )仍是 ( D )，只需将特解 yxe x 代入方程左侧，计算得 (y ) ( y ) - 2 y3 xe ，应选 ( D ).(11) 【答案】 (C )【详解】记4 d1f (r cos , r sin )rdrf (x, y)dxdy ，则地区 D 的极坐标表示是：Dr 1 ， 04 . 题目观察极坐标和直角坐标的互化问题，画出积分区间， 联合图形y xx 2 y 2能够看出，直角坐标的积分范围（注意与1 在第一象限的交点是 （2， 2）），于是D : 0 y2, y x1y 222221 y 2所以，原式02dy f (x, y)dx .所以选(C )y(12) 【答案】 D 【详解】方法 1： 化条件极值问题为一元函数极值问题。
2006年考研数学一真题及解析
Aα 1 , Aα 2 ,⋯ , Aα s 也线性相关，故应选( Ａ).
（12）设 A 为 3 阶矩阵，将 A 的第 2 行加到第 1 行得 B ，再将 B 的第 1 列的 −1 倍加到第 2
⎛ 1 1 0⎞ ⎜ ⎟ 列得 C ，记 P = 0 1 0 ，则 ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ 0 0 1⎟ ⎝ ⎠
（Ａ） C = P 1 AP . （Ｃ） C = P T AP .
（1） lim
x→ 0
【分析】 本方程为可分离变量型，先分离变量，然后两边积分即可 【详解】 原方程等价为
dy ⎛ 1 ⎞ = ⎜ − 1⎟ dx ， y ⎝x ⎠
两边积分得
ln y = ln x − x + C1 ，整理得
y = Cxe − x .（ C = eC1 ）
（3）设 Σ 是锥面 z =
消去 λ0 ，得
f x′ ( x 0 , y 0 )ϕ y′ ( x 0 , y 0 ) − f y′ ( x 0 , y 0 )ϕ x′ ( x0 , y0 ) = 0 ,
整理得
f x′ ( x0 , y0 ) =
1
ϕ y′ ( x0 , y0 )
， f y′ ( x0 , y0 )ϕx′ ( x0 , y0 ) .（因为 ϕ y ′ ( x, y) ≠ 0 ）
若 f x′ ( x0 , y0 ) ≠ 0 ，则 f y ′ ( x0 , y 0 ) ≠ 0 .故选（Ｄ）. （11）设 α1 , α 2 ,⋯ , α s 均为 n 维列向量， A 为 m × n 矩阵，下列选项正确的是 (A) (B) (C) 若 α1 ,α 2 ,⋯ ,α s 线性相关，则 Aα 1 , Aα 2 ,⋯ , Aα s 线性相关. 若 α1 ,α 2 ,⋯ ,α s 线性相关，则 Aα 1 , Aα 2 ,⋯ , Aα s 线性无关. 若 α1 ,α 2 ,⋯ ,α s 线性无关，则 Aα 1 , Aα 2 ,⋯ , Aα s 线性相关.
2006安徽理科高考真题及答案(含语数英理综)
2006年高考语文安徽卷详解2008年6月8日2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷1至4页，第Ⅱ卷5至8页。
全卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。
考生注意事项：1. 答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的座位号、姓名，并认真核对答题上所粘贴的条形码中“座位号、姓名、科类”与本人座位号、姓名、科类是否一致。
2. 答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 答第Ⅱ卷时，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写。
在试题卷上作答无效。
4. 考试结束，监考员将试题卷和答题卡一并收回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共30分）一、(12分，每小题3分)1.下列词语中，没有错误字的一组是A.养分舶来品凭心而论知往鉴今坐收渔人之利B.渲泄擦边球断章取义真知灼见迅雷不及掩耳C.家具座上客明枪暗箭扪心自问恭敬不如从命D.简炼侃大山披星戴月曲意逢迎毕其攻于一役2.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是A.那本介绍学习方法的书出版后，受到中小学生和家长们的热烈欢迎，一时洛阳纸贵。
B.科技发展带来的便利是不容分说的，千里之外的问候，只要一个短信瞬间就能完成。
C.假以时日，我们可以巧立名目，开发大批新颖别致的旅游项目，为景区再添光彩。
D.学习了他的先进事迹后，我们每一个青年都应该追本溯源，看看自己做得如何。
3.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A.这项基金，是对公益林管理者发生的管理、抚育、保护和营造等支出给予一定补助的专项资金。
B.六年间，我国航天技术完成了从单舱到三舱，从无人到有人，从“一人一天”到“两人五天”的进步。
C.目前，我市已做出规划，通过优惠的政策和到位的服务，多方引进资金，开拓经济发展的新途径。
D.那些在各条战线上以积极进取、不折不挠对待生活和工作的人，才是我们尊敬和学习的对象。
2006年高考英语试题与参考答案
2006年高考英语试题与参考答案(全国卷Ⅱ)本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。
第一卷1至10页。
第二卷11至14页。
考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷注意事项：1、答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。
2、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试卷上。
第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。
1.hearA. nearlyB. searchC. bearD. heart2.changeA. machineB. headacheC. techniqueD. research3.surpriseA. policeB. apologizeC. bridgeD. children4.safelyA. baseB. seasonC. AsiaD. usual5.museumA. subjectB. trueC. bulgeD. busy第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：We _________last night , but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study 答案是C。
6.—Will you be able to finish your report today?—________.A. I like itB.I hope soC. I’ll do soD. I’d love it 7.We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,________.A. do youB. can weC. will youD. shall we8. Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard _________ before.A. the better oneB. the best oneC. a better oneD. a good one9. It was not until she got home ________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before10. We hope that as many people as-possible ________join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can11. It is no ________arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. useB. helpC. timeD. way12. John, a friend of mine , who got married only last week , spent $3,000 more than he ________ for the wedding.A. will planB. has plannedC. would planD. had planned13. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall , ________, in fact, there were 40.A. whileB. whetherC. whatD. which14. -Did you take enough money with you?-No, I needed ______ I thought I would.A. not so much asB. as much asC. much more thanD. much less than15. Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not _______ her to do so.A. forbidB. allowC. followD. ask16. -What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let me do _____ I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what17. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _____ that all children like these things.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought18. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______ .A. betweenB. throughC. acrossD. beyond19. I know you don’t like ______ musi c very much. But what do you think of _____ music in the film we saw yesterday?A. 不填；不填B. the；theC. the；不填D. 不填；the20. As you can see, the number of cars on roads ______ rising these days.A. was keepingB. keepC. keepsD. were keeping第三节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2006年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案
2006年6月英语六级真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulbC) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pi e.B) He’d like some coffeeC) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical careC) Applied physicsD) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, sch ool, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including theAmerican Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtfu l measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’ or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actua lly measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is,of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we?” Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“Un-American!”And-the propagandists’trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one’s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those whodare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.Most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans c an’t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America’s health-care system according to the author?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To ma intain America’s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的).Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and manyolder Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense.Directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that____.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. Which of the following best summarizes the a uthor’s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for ＄500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.”But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellowcitizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights,but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, m ore important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black ca pital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that of white families.Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedC) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Direction: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. Because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.A)originality B) subjectivityC) generality D) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the European Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspiration B) assimilationC) intuition D) aspiration43. America has now adopted more _________ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discrete B) solemnC) rigorous D) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur to efficiency and innovation.A) extravagant B) exquisiteC) intermittent D) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ___ today.A) transient B) commonplaceC) implicit D) elementary46. I was so ___ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the first time.A) immersed B) assaultedC) thrilled D) dedicated47. His arm was ___ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, who already died, remained in a delicate condition.A)retrieved B) retainedC) repelled D) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ___ to be the Greatest American.A) appointed B) appeasedC) nicknamed D) dominated49. The ___ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decrease the crime rate.A) overflowing B) overwhelmingC) prevalent D) premium50. We will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisions per household, as small TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startling B) surpassingC) suppressing D) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enriched B) enlightenedC) cherished D) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower aperson’s blood pressure.A) interacting B) integratingC) migrating D) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many years, _________ cultural barriers.A) transporting B) transplantingC) transferring D) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ___ him of much of hissight.A) relieved B) jeopardizedC) deprived D) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denser and less ___ to injury.A) attached B) proneC) immune D) reconciled56. He has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entire personalcollection of modern art.A) ascribed B) attributedC) designated D) donated57. Erik’s website contains ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.A) prosperous B) gorgeousC) spacious D) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.A) trail B) traitC) trace D) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make a successful ___ into college life.A) transformation B) transmissionC) transition D) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which ___the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distort B) reinforceC) exert D) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe the apparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.A) seniority B) superiorityC) height D) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observing lights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.A) abnormal B) exoticC) absurd D) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligible B) randomC) spontaneous D) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitude towards modern art.A) informative B) indicativeC) exclusive D) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or more with little ___ from the outside world.A) disturbance B) discriminationC) irritation D) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .A) stability B) capabilityC) durability D) availability67. Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz ___ theworld with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibited B) extinguishedC) quenched D) stunned68. If we continue to ignore the issue of global warming, We will almost certainly suffer the_________ effects of climatic changes worldwide.A) dubious B) drasticC) trivial D) toxic69. According to the theory of evolution, all living species are the modified ___ of earlier species.A) descendants B) dependantsC) defendants D) developments70. The panda is an endangered species, which means that it is very likely to become ___ without adequate protection.A) intact B) insaneC) extinct D) exemptPart ⅣError Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a。
2006高考试题及答案
2006高考试题及答案2006年的高考试题及答案涵盖了多个学科领域，包括语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、历史、地理、政治等。
由于篇幅限制，这里仅提供部分科目的概述和一些代表性题目的简要答案。
### 语文现代文阅读：- 题目：请分析文中主人公的性格特点。
- 答案：根据文中的描写，主人公性格坚毅、善良，面对困难不屈不挠。
古诗文阅读：- 题目：请解释文中“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”的含义。
- 答案：此句表达了作者立志要攀登至高峰，从而俯瞰所有山峦的雄心壮志。
### 数学选择题：- 题目：下列哪个选项是方程\( x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0 \)的解？- A. \( x = 1 \)- B. \( x = 2 \)- C. \( x = 3 \)- D. \( x = 4 \)- 答案：B. \( x = 2 \)（通过因式分解可得 \( (x-1)(x-3) = 0 \)）解答题：- 题目：证明不等式\( \frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c}{a}\geq 3 \)。
- 答案：利用柯西不等式，可得 \( (\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}} +\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{a}})^2 \geq 3 \)，从而证明不等式成立。
### 英语阅读理解：- 题目：What is the main idea of the passage?- 答案：The main idea of the passage is to discuss the importance of environmental protection.完形填空：- 题目：[Fill in the Blanks] The young man was very _______ to his parents.- A. grateful- B. angry- C. indifferent- D. curious- 答案：A. grateful（根据上下文，年轻人对他的父母感到非常感激。
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2009年上海公务员考试申论真题及解析满分：100分时限：150分钟一、注意事项1、监考老师发给你的测试材料分为两部分：试题本和答题纸。
2、测试开始前，请在试题本和答题纸上指定位置先填写好自己的姓名、准考证号等内容，然后再开始答题。
3、申论考试与传统的作文考试不同，是分析驾驭材料能力与表达能力并重的考试。
作答参考时限：阅读资料40分钟，作答110分钟。
4、仔细阅读给定的资料，按照后面提出的“答题要求”依次作答在答题纸指定位置上。
5、监考老师宣布考试结束时，应立即停止答题，将试题本和答题纸留在桌上，然后离开考场。
不得将试题本带出考场。
6、特别提醒：a．答题时请认准题号，避免答错位置影响考试成绩。
b．所有试题一律使用现代汉语作答。
必须使用钢笔或圆珠笔，在答题纸有效区域内作答．超出答题区域的作答无效。
严禁折叠答题纸！二、给定资料1.2008年夏天，上海一篇满分的高考作文《他们》引起了广泛的热议，专家称这是上海近年来高考中难得一见的佳作。
在城市的尽头，没有繁华的街市，闪亮的霓虹：在城市的尽头，只有破旧的棚户区，有饱经生活风霜的生命;在城市的尽头，有他们这样一群人。
让我怎样称呼他们？外来务工人员子女，农民子弟？亦或是农民工二代？不，我不想用这些冰冷的名字称呼他们，我多想叫着他们带着泥土气的乳名，拉着他们的小手，走近他们的生活……他们从小生长在故青山绿水中，纯洁的灵魂在田野里抽穗拔节。
在山野的风中，他们奔跑着、憧憬着。
风从田野中吹过，吹进了城市，为了生计，为了未来，他们跟从父母来到了城市，在城市的尽头扎下了根。
于是习惯了青山绿水的双眸第一次触碰到了高楼大厦、车水马龙。
他们不知道怎么穿过六车道的马路。
小小的手指怎么也数不清写字楼的层数。
繁华的现代文明不曾给他们带来任何快乐。
这一次，却在心上烙下了深深的痕迹。
他们背起书包，小心翼翼地融入城市的生活。
可是却在“城市人”异样的眼光中，第一次明白了户口与暂住证的区别。
他们都是父母心头的宝啊！却过早地承担了不属于这个年龄的负担。
放学回家，他们做好简单的晚饭，父母还在工地或菜场上劳作;午夜醒来，泪眼中城里的星空没有家乡的明亮;悄悄许愿，希望明天他们的打工子弟小学不会因交不出电费而被查封……然而，在他们日益长高的身体上，我看到了他们的成长。
记得一位记者问一个打工子弟学校的孩子，学成后是否会回到家乡时，小姑娘毫不犹豫的说：当然，一定回去！那一刻，我差点落下泪来，为他们的成长。
记得那年春晚他们稚气的宣言：“我们的学校很小，但我们的成绩不差”“我们不和城里的孩子比爸爸”“北京的2008，也是我们的2008！”他们逐渐成熟，告别昨天的羞怯，开始迎接新的一天。
虽然，他们还在为不多的学费而苦恼;虽然，学校还是交不上水电费;虽然，还有好多体制还不够完善……虽然有好多个“虽然”，但是，只有一个“但是”就足够了，已经有好多视线转向他们，他们正在茁壮地成长。
太阳从地平线上升起，照亮了城市的尽头，照亮了他们的生活。
他们，终将会成为我们。
2.11岁的湖北小姑娘兰兰几年前跟着打工的父母，在沿海某城市找工子弟学校读书。
因为交不起借读费，再加上公办学校学位满了，兰兰一直无法得到较高质量的教育。
无奈之下，今年春天父母又让她回到老家上学。
兰兰又从流动人口变成了留守儿童，过起了跟父母“分居”的日子。
来自中央有关部门的最新数据统计表明，随着我国城市化进程的推进，农民工总数已达到2.1亿人。
数以千万计的流动人口子女的教育问题，成为一个必须面对的问题。
相关数据显示，进城务工的农民工是个相当庞大的群体，堪称和平时期人类规模最大的人口流动，农民工子女的教育问题也随之凸显。
一方面，农民工子女受户籍制度限制，难以享受到和城里孩子同等的教育资源，另一方在，由于农民工子女在城市受教育的相关政策还没有充分落实，仍存在很多障碍，相当一部分农民工把子女留在农村，形成了大规模的留守儿童群体。
我国是一个典型的城乡二元结构社会，正处于城市化、工业化的进程中，大量人口从农村流入城市，流动人口子女的受教育难题已成为一个社会问题。
3.从20世纪90年代以后，我国流动人口出现了“家庭化”的趋势。
据公安部等相关部门的数据显示，2007年北京市总人口数量已经突破1700万，其中流动人口超过510万，约占总人口数的三分之一。
另据北京市教委统计，截至2006年暑假前，全市流动人口中适龄儿童少年共计36万余人。
在这个大背景下，一批民办打工子弟学校应运而生，靠着低廉的收费、简单的入学手续、地处农民工聚集地等优势，打工子弟学校日益增多。
然而，校舍、交通、食品卫生等安全隐患，使其成为有关部门取缔的对象。
对于城市流动人口子女接受义务教育的问题，国家已经确立了“以流入地为主，以公办学校为主”的原则，但目前仍然有相当数量的流动人口子女因各种原因难以进入公办学校，而选择到打工子弟学校就读，在经历多次“取缔风暴”之后，打工子弟学校的数量依然呈攀升趋势。
打工子弟学校的强大生命力源自“市场的需求”，目前，北京农家女文化发展中心针对北京6年打工子弟学校的100名学生和68名家长进行了闭卷调查，有76％的被调查学生表示“喜欢打工子弟学校”，受调查的家庭中有79.7％是夫妻双方在外地打工，67.2％因家中无人照顾和43.3％担心孩子得不到良好教育的父母，选择把孩子带到城市受教育。
几乎所有受访家长都希望“把孩子送到公办学校就读”，但问起如果打工子弟学校被取消，父母将如何安置孩子时，超过50％的人表示会将孩子送回老家上学。
为何家长放弃送孩子进入公立学校就读呢？为什么不选公办学校？北京农家女文化发展中心调查发现，有67.7％的人因“公办学校不招收外地进京人员子女”和“孩子在公办学校受歧视”而被迫选择放弃送孩子到公办学校就读。
“这个答案似乎与国家政策不一致，却是真实情况。
”“打工妹之家”有关人士长期负责流动儿动教育项目，据了解，公办学校限于校舍面积、教师数量等问题，首先要保证本地学生能够享受到教育资源，于是设立了一系列“门槛”控制外来流动人口子女的入学数量，如“入学资格考试”中语文、数学要达到90分以上，家长要出具“五证”――户口本、暂住证、务工证明、居住证明、户籍所在地无监护人的证明，以及成为潜规则的“赞助费”……很多家庭无法负理担这些社会成本，送孩子进入公办学校就读便成为一种奢望。
4.据广州教育局统计，共有四十多万外来工子女在广州各类中小学接受义务教育。
国家政策支持鼓励城市将外来工子女逐步吸纳进公办学校，但是目前政策落实还不能一步到位，需要分阶段推进。
根据广州相关规定，目前外来工子女在广州农村入学免借读费，在广州城市人读义务教育需缴纳500元钱的借读费。
广州教育局最新统计，截至2007年年底，共有43.025万外来工子女在广州市各类中小学接受小学和初中教育，其中近30万分布在各类民办学校，只有约1/3在公办学校就读。
如果将这30万学生“消化”掉，至少还需要新建几百所公办学校，学校用地、师资等都成问题，决定了这是一项需要逐步推进的工程。
5.目前我国城市流动儿童少年主要通过以下几种方式来接受教育：一部分在公办中小学借读是流动儿童少年就学的主要形式。
流入地学校参照当地政府拨款作为收费标准，吸收流动儿童少年自发借读。
学校安排儿童少年插班学习或单独编班。
全国大约有70％的流动儿童少年在流入地的公办中小学借读，他们和城市里的孩子们一样接受正规的学校教育。
如杭州市区流动儿童少年有66％在公办学校插班就读。
但即使这些流动儿童能在城里的公办学校上学，他们也只能属于借读生，所接受的来自学校和教师的关心与本地孩子仍然有所区别。
另有一部分流动儿童少年在民办、私立学校就学。
在南方一些市场经济比较发达的城市，流动人口多以经商为职业，有些人一旦有了一定的经济实力，他们希望子女能够在符合国家办学标准的民办或私立学校就学，所以这些地区专门招收流动儿童少年的私立学校发展较快。
还有一部分流动儿童少年就读于流动人口子女学校。
由于在城市正规学校借读需要缴纳昂贵的教育费用，所以大部分流动儿童就读于这类学校。
这些学校数量多、发展快，就读这些学校主要原因是其收费低廉，上海有三十多万流动儿童少年在由外来人口举办的五百多所简易学校中学习。
城市流动人口子女与同龄城市儿童相比，受教育的权利是不平等的。
受教育权，是我国宪法赋予公民的一项基本权利，也是公民享受其他文化教育的前提和基础。
一个人没有受教育的机会，无法上学，他就丧失了受教育权：如果缺乏教育的物质保障或法律保障。
公民的受教育权也可能落空。
这两个基本要素都是不可缺的。
流动人口子女也是我国的公民，也应享有和当地人一样无条件受教育的权利。
因此教育平等权利问题成为当前我国教育领域内存在的焦点问题，特别是城市流动人口子女教育权利的不平等问题越来越成为人们研究的热点问题。
这个问题直接关系到教育领域的正义和公正，关系到社会的各谐、稳定和可持续发展。
因此，全社会都应对他们的教育问题给予高度的关心和重视。
实施全民教育，推进教育权利平等，是当前中国教育改革的一个重要目标。
教育平等权是多种平等权中的一种，它的价值根基是人格尊严，反对任何在教育方面的歧视性对待，这首先就包括教育内容方面的平等;其次是机会均等;再次是享受国家提供的平等教育设施。
长期以来，教育投入比例失衡，高等教育的投入高于中等教育;城市人口虽大大少于农村，但是城市教育投入却高于农村，教育资源也丰富。
6．随着流动人口的出现，许多城市流动人口子女学校也大规模地出现。
从学校内部管理的情况来看。
流动人口子女学校中有一定规模的学校已有一定的管理规范化趋势。
市场竞争，当地教育行政部门和学生家长的要求是流动人口子女学校加强师资管理、教学管理的动力，并有可能促进其管理进一步规范化。
但是流动人口子女学校发展中仍然存在着一些情况：学校的师资来源是流出地的教师，教师工作量大、任务重、待遇偏低．因此教师队伍的稳定性较差，为流动人口子女所提供的义务教育水平往往不高。
有些学校甚至不具备办学资质，有些教师文化程度低．无教师资格证书。
如有个小学教师本人只有小学二年级文化水平，而让他教小学一年级。
如此情况难以保证流动人口子女的教学质量。
这些学校大部分条件相当简陋，教室采光、通风不好，有些甚至是仓库、公房等。
教室面积、课桌椅等不合要求，厕所、饮用水、饮食卫生存在隐患，不少学校操场、体育设施都缺乏．影响学生德智体美的全面发展。
教材采用各地不统一，缺乏统一的教材管理和统一的考核标准，教育质量参差不齐。
还有是经费短缺，学生的常见病防治、体检等都跟不上。
严重影响了学生的健康成长。
这些学校收费低廉导致了办学者尽力压低成本支出．影响了教学工作的正常开展，教学质量较难保证。
7．美国联邦政府没有制定全国统一的流动人口教育政策，这一政策主要留给州政府来制定。