2020年1月9日托福听力答案解析
2020年1月9日托福听力机经预测
2020年1月9日托福听力机经预测
L1：主题：英国去南极探险家被质疑又有人来说他是因为气候太差结果没能回来，后来他的妻子就把他的diary给出版了然后就成了one of the beat seller整个英国都把这个人当英雄,大人孩子都特别喜欢他教授有说道当时是WWI怎么怎么了不过来了另外一个人说这个人没去探险成功是因为他的不好的领导水平同时没有用雪橇犬然后又来了个叫Susan得人说其实就是因为气候不好因为他研究了这个人的一些date发现那个weather特别糟糕说什么最后那个人三月份才会station什么的教授就说“you might think why it was so late”有问就说教授为什么这么说
L2：关于benificial bacteria的，bacteria有好有坏，主题是讲好的bacteria对人类的益处。
例如协助消化，同坏的bacteria争夺食物等。
Bacteria到处都有，研究称人身体里的bacteria占cell 的90%之多。
说完之后教授评论了两句，(有题)。
杀菌剂，尤其是广谱杀菌剂能够在杀死坏bacteria的同时杀死好的。
例如当用了soap，会杀死坏的，同时一绝大部分好的也会被杀死，提升感染的风险(有题问用了soap会如何)。
还有说yogurt里边好多live bacteria，生病时医生推荐喝。
后边又说了一个理论，现在还处于试验阶段，但是已经有evidence能够证明了。
2020年1月9日托福口语机经预测
2020年1月9日托福口语机经预测1、★★★★【学校通知】学校要建一个student lounge，以协助坐公交往返的同学(commuter students)。
很多学生commute from home to campus by bus or by train。
这些学生没有时间go home between classes. 有了student lounge 好处1. 学生在课间能够休息下，还有LOCKER能够放书，不用把书搬来搬去。
好处2. 顺便还能够张贴一些重要信息，比如train schedule。
【学生意见】a. 没必要，大家就得deal with this problem。
宿舍也很远，住宿舍的人也会有这种问题，可人家也都每天拿书跑来跑去的。
如果给commuter students建student lounge，那不就不公平了。
(Why should they get special treatment? 原话)。
再说了，library里也有locker的，真的需要能够到那里去放书。
b. 有其他方法查询这些信息，比如到网站上去查，或者直接打电话给train station。
2、★★★★★先看一个关于CIRCADIUMRYTHEM的介绍。
有两个要点。
一个是没人都会有自己的ALERTTIME 和TIREDTIME。
第二个要点就是这个RYTHEM随着时间推移可能会改变。
那个LECTURE里面教授就举了2个例子。
首先说在大学的时候他习惯晚上学习，因为那个时候他精神好，效率高，睡的比别人都晚。
早上就会特别困，起不来，所以他从来不选早上的课。
第二个例子说他做了年纪大了做了教授发现，早上效率比较高，晚上就各种累。
所以现在他的习惯颠倒了。
早上看看书，备课，晚上就早早睡觉了。
2021年1月9日托福考试真题回顾
2021年1月9日托福考试真题回顾托福线下2021年1月9日的考试已结束，这也是2021年第一场托福考试，“万事开头难！”，很多小伙伴都反应口语和阅读部分都偏难，当然也有发挥比较正常的。
那么2021年1月8日托福考试真题如何呢？我们一起来回顾下：2021年1月9日托福写作真题独立写作Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Governments should not provide financial support to artists (For example painters, writers, musicians …)，let them support themselves综合写作一群小恐龙死在了canyon的原因的推测：阅读：1.卡在沼泽中，挣扎不出来；2.在池中喝下有毒的水；3.被突然的洪水杀死，因为他们的遗骸显示没有伤害听力反驳：1.死后身体会变stiff，如果真的是mud里肯定会挣扎，这样死后姿势应该像站立；2.when this occur有问题,无法确定池子里面的水是什么时候有毒的,可能是在恐龙死后；3.因为恐龙死后有尸僵，它可能是先死然后被放在这儿接着发了洪水冲刷尸体2021年1月9日托福口语真题T1要不要跟受欢迎的名人学习？T2一个professor想让literature work变成小组讨论，因为这样可以improve the quality，学生也可以跟上track不会拖延。
听力男生反驳，第一就是说这样会花费时间准备，而且可能不会有自己的观点；第二点就是学生可以从自己的教授那里得到feedback，他们是experts更专业，而让自己同学提出可能会让paper更worse，wrong directionT3positivite externalities，例子就是本地的公共汽车服务想把原来的公共汽车那些燃料转换成用电的，但由于公共汽车服务这个是小公司负担不起所以政府帮忙，因为这样的环境就会变好，而有人也会从中受益因为有好的环境T4热带雨林为什么是植物生长的理想环境。
2020年1月9日托福口语真题答案及解析
2020年1月9日托福口语真题答案及解析Task 1Do you think college students should be allowed to keep pets in their dorm?I would no pets should be allowed in campus dorms, cuz dorm is supposed to be a quiet place, where students can get some rest from whole day's study, and pets are generally very messy and noisy, and some people are allergic to them. Additionally, going to college costs a lot and one should prioritize their role as a student and maintain a high GPA, everything else comes after that, I would suggest students should leave the animals home, and I think it is kind of fair to pets, cuz college are busy, one does not have enough time to be with the pets.Task 2Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：current celebrities (like musicians, actor/actress, athlete) set a good example as role model the young people.Personally, celebrities generally do set a good example for the younger generation. Take Kobe Bryant for example, he works very hard to be a better basketball player, he is so determined to win the game that he never gives up even when his team is about to lose, and I think his willpower and perseverance are contagious, teenagers can learn a lot from him. Additionally, despite of his busy schedule as a player, he sometime volunteers in local school and teaches theselittle kids how to play basketball. The kids can also learn agood lesson here, since we should care and reach out to the community.2020年1月9号托福口语题目解析二。
2020年1月浙江高考英语听力试题暨原文 (附提示)
2020年1月浙江高考英语听力试题暨原文 (附提示)2020年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意：做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the XXX?A。
At a zoo。
B。
In a library。
C。
In a drugstore.2.What will the man do next?A。
Change some money。
B。
Take the food home。
C。
Sit and eat his meal.3.What does the woman suggest?A。
XXX.4.What are the XXX?A。
The weather。
B。
The scenery。
C。
The traffic.5.When did the man see the film?A。
XXX.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Who is the er?A。
XXX.7.What is the er’s n in the company?16.What does the man suggest Leaney do?A。
Apply for a job at his company.B。
1月9日托福阅读真题答案及解析
1月9日托福阅读真题答案及解析在托福阅读考试中的篇幅比较长，所以大家可以在备考期间多积累一些背景资料，可以帮助我们进行有效的练习，下面来看看20XX年1月9日托福阅读真题答案及解析，以及本次考试中考到的背景资料有哪些?1月9日托福阅读真题答案及解析词汇题：durable=long lastsimultaneously=at the same timerecognized=acceptedcase in point=good examplethe course of change=the way change developedcourteous=politebarring=excludingelevated=highincidence=frequencydismiss=rejecthasten=hurry1月9日托福阅读第一篇英国工业革命之后的大萧条原文回顾：其他地方享受着工业革命带来成果时，英国人民却在水深火热之中。
造成这种萧条的原因来自工业革命本身，联通的便利使得其它国家的农作物涌进欧洲，英国不得不降低粮食价格来提高竞争力，降价就得提高产量，于是农作物生产过剩，无人消费。
第二篇语言学原文回顾：相似的语言来自同一种语言体系，语言在某一个时候被分化成很多支，时间越长，变化越大。
不一样的地区有不一样的语言，然而一些相似的语言可能来自同一种语言体系。
经过漫长的演变，各种语族的语法结构都不同。
不过这不影响研究，因为真正能反应人们想法和经历的是词汇。
比如词汇里二十多种有关衣服的表达，那么这说明这对他们有特殊意义，而且他们的母语都有这东西。
相关背景学习：Linguistics第三篇白垩纪的物种大灭绝原文回顾：恐龙在白垩纪灭绝是被广泛承认的，不过很多物种也是在这个时候灭绝的。
恐龙灭绝还有一个原因是他繁殖太慢，有的比如鳄鱼就存活了下来。
活下来的浮游大多有一种能力，不过界线两边的浮游生物化石有变化，浮游生物突然减少，而在这里另一种生物的石化增多了，而且正好在同一沉积层。
2020年托福考试听力理解深度历年真题解析
2020年托福考试听力理解深度历年真题解析随着全球化程度的提高，托福考试逐渐成为许多留学生的首选英语考试之一。
其中，听力理解是考试的一个重要部分，也是考生们普遍感到较为困难的一项内容。
本文将为大家提供2020年托福考试听力理解部分的深度历年真题解析，帮助考生们更好地应对这一部分的考试内容。
一、题目1Passage 1Narrator: In the first conversation, a student is talking to a professor about her upcoming presentation.Student: Professor Thompson, I need your advice on my presentation for next week. I'm really struggling with the content.Professor: Sure, I'd be happy to help. What seems to be the problem?Student: Well, I can't decide on a topic. I have a few ideas, but I'm not sure which one to choose.Professor: What are the ideas you're considering?Student: I was thinking about doing a presentation on renewable energy sources or the impact of climate change on wildlife habitats.Professor: Both topics are interesting. If I were you, I would go with the topic of renewable energy sources. It's a current issue and there's a lot of research available on that topic.Student: That's a good point. I think I'll follow your advice and focus on renewable energy sources. Thanks, Professor Thompson!Question: What does the student seek advice from the professor about?解析：这是一道比较简单的题目，考察学生对对话内容的听力理解。
1月9日托福写作机经——环球教育
独立写作
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: some people think that the most important quality in choosing the leader of a school organization or club is honesty. Score 5: In today’s schools and universities, student organizations are playing more and more important role in students’ campus life. When choosing a leader in student organization, some people believe that the most important quality is honesty. However, the most important quality for a student leader, I believe, is to provide his or her team members with opportunities to express their opinions. If necessary, a leader should change his or her opinions as well. Admittedly, being honest could benefit student organizations’ work because the team members tend to trust the leader, which could result in a strong leadership and smooth teamwork. However, compared to honesty, a leader ’s willingness to accept others’ opinions and to change when they make wrong decisions are much more important for the following reasons. First of all, a student leader ’s primary task is to stimulate and motivate his or her peer to come up with creative ideas, which benefit teamwork to a large extent. In student organizations, most tasks require teamwork where everyone in the team needs to contribute. The role of a leader is to stimulate all his or her team members to express their opinions rather than to become a dictator who make every decision on his or her own. In order to motivate the team members, a leader should not only create an atmosphere that everyone could feel free to speak up but also respect the thoughts of his or her peers. Moreover, it happens that sometimes the leader’s decision could be wrong and will exert negative influence on the team’s work. As everyone knows, no one is perfect and people do make mistakes. If a leader hold strong opinions that might result in setbacks, and he or she refuses to change, the whole team’s project will be affected by his or her dictation. As a result, the team members will become reluctant to contribute to the team and might even quit the current job for a better one. On the contrary, if the leader is humble enough to change their opinions and listen to others’ suggestions, the team could avoid future loss. As I have read from an article published online, “decision making is when the leader gives up ownership and control of a decision and allows the group to vote”. This is not only true in business and politics but also in student organizations. A student leader should encourage his or her colleagues to actively participate in the decision-making process, and should change their opinions when it is necessary, which are more important than being honest. Score 4: In today’s schools and universities, student organizations are playing more and more
2020年托福听力模拟试题及答案(卷九)
2020年托福听力模拟试题及答案（卷九）Xerography1 One more familiar use of electrochemistry that has made its way into the mainstream is xerography, a process for replicating documents that is dependent on photoconductive materials. A photoconductive material is an insulator in the dark but becomes a conductor when exposed to bright light. When a photocopy is being made, an image of a document is projected onto the surface of a rotating drum, and bright light causes the photoconductive material on the surface of the drum to become conductive.2 As a result of the conductivity, the drum loses its charge in the lighted areas, and toner (small grains to which dry ink adheres) attaches itself only to the darker parts of the image. The grains are then carried to a sheet of paper and fused with heat. When a laser printer is used, the image is projected by means of a laser beam, which creates a brighter light and a greater contrast between lighter and darker areas and therefore results in sharper printed images.1. The author begins the first paragraph with One more familiar use of electrochemistry in order to(A) explain that xerography is one of the less familiar uses of electrochemistry(B) make it clear that electrochemistry requires photoconductivematerials(C) show that xerography is the only known use for electrochemistry(D) indicate that other less familiar uses have already been discussed2. Why does the author explain that A photoconductive material is an insulator in the dark but becomes a conductor when exposed to bright light?(A) It gives an explanation of a property that is necessary for xerography.(B) It indicates that bright light is required for insulation to take place.(C) It gives one example of a successful xerographic process.(D) It explains the role of insulation in xerography.3. The author places the phrase small grains to which dry ink adheres in parentheses in order to(A) provide information that contradicts the previous statement(B) provide another example of conductivity(C) provide further detail information about toner(D) provide an alternate explanation for the effectiveness of toner4. Why is a laser printer mentioned?(A) It is an alternative to xerography.(B) It is a way of duplicating without using electrochemistry.(C) It is a second example of xerography.(D) It is a less effective type of xerography than is a photocopier.正确答案：D_A_C_CThe Filibuster1 The term filibuster has been in use since the mid-nineteenth century to describe the tactic of delaying legislative action in order to prevent the passage of a bill. The word comes from the Dutch freebooter, or pirate, and most likely developed from the idea that someone conducting a filibuster is trying to steal away the opportunity that proponents of a bill have to make it successful.2 In the earlier history of the U.S. Congress, filibusters were used in both the House of Representatives and in the Senate, but they are now much more a part of the culture of the Senate than of the House. Because the House is a much larger body than is the Senate, the House now has rules which greatly limit the amount of time that each member may speak, which effectively serves to eliminate the filibuster as a mechanism for delaying legislation in the House.3 In the Senate, the smaller of the two bodies, there are now rules that can constrain but not totally eliminate filibusters. The Senate adopted its first cloture rule in 1917, a rule which requires a vote of two-thirds of the Senate to limit debate to one hour on each side. The rule was changed in 1975 and now requires a vote of three-fifths of themembers to invoke cloture in most situations.4 The longest filibuster on record occurred in 1957, when Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina wanted to delay voting on civil rights legislation. The filibuster was conducted for twenty-four hours and 18 minutes on August 28 and 29, when Thurmond held the floor of the Senate by lecturing on the law and reading from court decisions and newspaper columns. It was his hope that this filibuster would rally opponents of civil rights legislation; however, two weeks after the filibuster, the Civil Rights Act of 1957 passed.14. It can be inferred from the information in paragraph 1 that around 1800(A) the first filibuster took place(B) legislative action was never delayed(C) the term filibuster was not in use in the U.S. Congress(D) the Dutch introduced the term freebooter15. It can be determined from paragraph 1 that a freebooter was most likely someone who(A) served in the Senate(B) robbed passing ships(C) enacted legislation(D) served in the Dutch government16. It is implied in paragraph 2 that, in its early years, the House(A) had no rules against filibusters(B) had few filibusters(C) had fewer filibusters than the Senate(D) had the longest filibuster on record17. Based on the information in paragraph 3, a vote of cloture would most likely be used to(A) initiate filibusters(B) break filibusters(C) extend filibusters(D) encourage filibusters18. It can be inferred from the information in paragraph 3 that the 1975 rule change(A) increased the number of people needed to vote for cloture(B) made it easier to limit a filibuster(C) covered all types of Senate votes(D) decreased the number of people in the Senate19. It is implied in paragraph 4 that Senator Thurmond was opposed to(A) filibusters(B) lecturing on the law(C) speaking in the Senate(D) the Civil Rights Act of 1957参考答案：14-19：A、B、A、B、DTiger MothsOne of the most beautiful of the more than 100,000 known species in the order Lepidoptera are the tiger moths, moths known for the striking appeal of their distinctive coloration. This type of moth is covered with highly conspicuous orange-and-black or yellow-and-black patterns of spots and stripes. Such boldly patterned color combinations are commonplace in the animal world, serving the function of forewarning potential predators of unpleasant tastes and smells. This is unquestionably the function served by the striking coloration of the garden tiger moth, which is quite visually attractive but is also poisonous to predators. Certain glands in the garden tiger moth produce strong toxins that circulate throughout the insect's bloodstream, while other glands secrete bubbles that produce a noxious warning smell. The tiger moth, indeed, is a clear example of a concept that many predators intuitively understand, that creatures with the brightest coloration are often the least suitable to eat.1. It is implied in the passage about the order Lepidoptera that(A) all members of the order are moths(B) there may be more than 100,000 species in this order(C) all members of the order are brightly colored(D) there are most likely fewer than 100,000 species in this order2. It can be inferred from the passage that the tiger moth was so named because(A) its coloration resembles that of a tiger(B) it is ferocious predator, like the tiger(C) its habitat is the same as the tiger's(D) it is a member of the same scientific classification as the tiger3. What would most likely happen to a predator that wanted to eata tiger moth?(A) The predator would be unable to catch it(B) The predator would capture it by poisoning it.(C) The predator would be unable to find it.(D) The predator would back away from it.4. Which of the following would a predator be most likely to attack successfully?(A) A purple and orange moth(B) A green and blue moth(C) A brown and grey moth(D) A red and yellow moth参考答案：1-4：B、A、D、CIsland Plant LifeIslands are geographical formations that are completely surrounded by water, yet many islands are covered with a rich assortment of plant life. It may seem surprising that so much plant life exists on many islands, yet there are surprisingly simple explanations as to how the vegetation has been able to establish itself there. Some islands were formerly attached to larger bodies of land, while others were created on their own. Islands that were created when flooding or rising water levels cut them off from their neighbors often still have the plant life that they had before they were cut off. In cases where islands formed out of the ocean, they may have plant life from neighboring lands even though they were never actually attached to the neighboring lands. Winds carry many seeds to islands; some plants produce extremely light seeds that can float thousands of feet above the Earth and then drift down to islands where they can sprout and develop. Birds also carry seeds to islands; as birds move over open stretches of water, they can serve as the transportation system to spread seeds from place to place.Answer Choices (choose 3 to complete the chart):(1) Some seeds are able to float great distances in the air.(2) Some plant life existed before islands were cut off from larger bodies of land.(3) Some islands have many different varieties of plants.(4) Birds sometimes carry seeds to islands.(5) Some islands were created when rising water cut them off from larger bodies of land.(6) Some plant seeds are carried to islands by the wind.参考答案：（2）、（4）、（6）Ben and Jerry1 All successful businesses are not established and run in the same way, with formal business plans, traditional organizational structures, and a strong focus on profits. Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield, the entrepreneurs responsible for the highly successful ice cream business that bears their names, were businessmen with a rather unconventional approach.2 They were rather unconventional from the start, not choosing to begin their careers by attending one of the elite business schools but instead choosing to take a five-dollar correspondence course from Pennsylvania State University. They had little financial backing to start their business, so they had to cut corners wherever they could; the onlylocation they could afford for the startup of their business was a gas station that they converted to ice cream production. Though this start-up was rather unconventional, they were strongly committed to creating the best ice cream possible, and this commitment to the quality of their product eventually led to considerable success.3 Even though they became extremely successful, they did not convert to a more conventional style of doing business. In an era where companies were measured on every penny of profit that they managed to squeeze out, Ben and Jerry had a strong belief that business should give back to the community; thus, they donated 7.5 percent of their pretax profit to social causes that they believed in. They also lacked the emphasis on executive salary and benefits packages that so preoccupy other corporations, opting instead for a five-to-one policy in which the salary of the employee receiving the highest pay could never be more than five times the salary of the employee receiving the lowest pay.Answer Choices (choose 3 to complete the chart):(1) They each had a personal commitment to social causes.(2) They began their business with little background andinvestment.(3) They believed strongly in producing a very high-quality product.(4) They had a salary structure that limits the salaries of high-level executives.(5) They set aside a noteworthy portion of their profits for social causes.(6) They borrowed several thousand dollars from friends to start their business.参考答案：(2)、(4)、(5)paragraph The Bald Eagle1 When the bald eagle became the national symbol of the United States in 1782, soon after the country was born, it is estimated that there were as many as 75,000 nesting pairs in North America. By the early 1960s, however, the number of nesting pairs had been reduced to only around 450.2 The demise of the bald eagle is generally attributed to the effects of the pesticide DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane). This pesticide was used to kill insects harmful to agriculture, thereby increasing agricultural production. One unintended negative result of the use of DDT was that, while it did get rid of the undesirable insects, it also made its way along the food chain into fish, a favorite food source of the bald eagle.3 The bald eagle is now protected by federal laws. It was originally protected by the Bald Eagle Act of 1940 and later by the Endangered Species Act of 1973. However, it is not just the laws directly related to endangered species that aided in the resurgence of the bald eagle; its resurgence has also been widely attributed to the banning of DDT in 1972. Today there are more than 5,000 pairs of bald eagles, a tenfold increase over the low point of 450, and the bird was removed from the list of endangered species in july, 1999.Answer Choices (choose 4 to complete the chart):(1) the numbers of bald eagles were greatly reduced, at least in part due to the effects of a pesticide.(2) The legislation has had a positive effect on the number of bald eagles.(3) The bald eagle was named as the national symbol of the United States in the late eighteenth century.(4) Early in the history of the United States, there were hugenumbers of bald eagles.(5) Two different pieces of legislation that affected the bald eagle were enacted 33 years apart.(6) The federal government enacted legislation specifically designed to protect the bald eagle as well as to outlaw the pesticide DDT.参考答案：(1)、(2)、(4)、(6)Sand Dunes1 Sandy deserts contain enormous volumes of sand eroded from mountains and carried to the deserts by wind or water. The huge quantities of sand that make up sandy deserts are blow about into dunes of various shapes.2 Ridge dunes form where there are large amounts of sand, generally in the interiors of deserts, and winds blow in one direction. Under there conditions, parallel ridges of sand, known as transverse dunes, form at right angles to the wind.3 When the direction of the wind changes so that it comes from different directions, star-shaped dunes form from the massive amounts of sand in desert interiors. Star-shaped dunes are relatively stable dunes that reach incredible heights, up to 80 meters high in some deserts, and are quite common in massive deserts such as the Sahara.4 Crescent dunes form on the edges of deserts where there is less sand and where the winds blow mainly in one direction. These dunes,which are also known as barchan dunes are less stable than star-shaped dunes and can shift as much as 20 meters per year as winds blow over the outer curves of the crescent in the direction of the pointed ends.Answer Choices (choose 4 to complete the chart):(1) Ridge and crescent dunes form where the winds blow from one direction.(2) Crescent dunes are also known as barchan dunes.(3) Star-shaped dunes form where the winds blow from different directions.(4) Transverse dunes are created parallel to the wind.(5) Ridge and star dunes form where there is a lot of sand.(6) Star-shaped dunes are more stable than crescent dunes.(7) Crescent dunes form where there is less sand.参考答案：第一栏：（5）、（7）第二栏：（1）、（3）William Faulkner1 Author William Faulkner is today recognized as one of America's greatest writers on the basis of a body of novels that so convincingly portray the culture of the South in the years following the Civil War, with its citizens overcome by grief and defeat and trying to cling to old values while struggling to take their place in a changing world. The acclaim that today is Faulkner's, however, was slow in coming.2 Though Faulkner was praised by some critics and reviewers during the first part of his career, is novels did not sell well and he was considered a fairly marginal author. For the first few decades of his career, he made his living writing magazine articles and working as a screenwriter rather than as a novelist. Throughout this period, he continued to write, though his novels, sometimes noted for the stirring portrait that they presented of life in the post-Civil War South, were generally relegated to the category of strictly regional writing and were not widely appreciated.3 Beginning in 1946, Faulkner's career took an unexpected anddramatic turn as Faulkner came to be recognized as considerably more than a regional writer. The Portable Faulkner was published in that year by Viking Press; two years later he was elected to the prestigious National Academy of Arts and Letters; he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1949. Over the next decade, his work was recognized in various ways, including a National Book Award and two Pulitzer Prizes, and he became a novelist in residence at the University of Virginia. His success led to a degree of affluence that enabled him to take up the life of a southern gentleman, including horseback riding and fox hunting. Ironically, he died as a result of an accident related to these gentlemanly pursuits, succumbing as a result of injuries suffered during a fall from a horse.Answer Choices (choose 6 to complete the chart):(1) Was considered one of America's greatest writers(2) Received a small amount of critical acclaim(3) Died as a result of a horseback-riding incident(4) Received numerous awards and acclaim(5) Was considered merely a regional writer(6) Wrote novels about various American regions(7) Made his living as a novelist(8) Made his living with writing other than novels参考答案：第一栏：（2）、（5）、（8）第二栏：（1）、（4）、（7）The Clovis Culture1 Archeologists have found sites all over North America that contain similar tools dating from a period about 12,000 years ago. The culture that developed these tools has been named Clovis after the site near Clovis, New Mexico, where the first tools of this sort were discovered in 1932. The tools are quite sophisticated and are unlike any tools that have been found in the Old World.2 In the years since the first tools of this sort were discovered inNew Mexico, archeologists have discovered Clovis tools in areas ranging from Mexico to Montana in the United States and Nova Scotia in Canada. All of the Clovis finds date from approximately the same period, a fact which suggests that the Clovis spread rapidly throughout the North American continent.3 From the evidence that has been discovered, archeologists have concluded that the Clovis were a mobile culture. They traveled in groups of 40 to 50 individuals, migrating seasonally and returning to the same hunting camps each year. Their population increased rapidly as they spread out over the continent, and they were quite possibly motivated to develop their sophisticated hunting tools to feed their rapidly expanding populace.11. What is stated in paragraph 1 about Clovis tools?(A) They date from around 10,000 B.C.(B) They have been in use for 12,000 years.(C) They have been found at only one location.(D) They were discovered by archeologists hundreds of years ago.12. According to paragraph 1, the town of Clovis(A) is in Mexico(B) was founded in 1932(C) is where all members of the Clovis culture lived(D) is where the first remnants of an ancient culture were found13. It is indicated in paragraph 1 that the tools found near Clovis, New Mexico, were(A) very rudimentary(B) similar to others found prior to 1932(C) rather advanced(D) similar to some found in Africa and Europe14. According to paragraph 2, what conclusion have archeologists drawn from the Clovis finds?(A) That the Clovis tended to remain in one place(B) That the Clovis expanded relatively quickly(C) That the Clovis lived throughout the world(D) That the Clovis were a seafaring culture15. It is mentioned in paragraph 3 that it is believed that the Clovis(A) lived in familial groups of four or five people(B) had a relatively stable population(C) lived only in New Mexico(D) spent summers and winters in different places参考答案：11-15：A、D、C、B、DThe Postage Stamp1 The postage stamp has been around for only a relatively short period of time. The use of stamps for postage was first proposed in England in 1837, when Sir Rowland Hill published a pamphlet entitled"Post Office Reform: Its Importance and Practicability" to put forth the ideas that postal rates should not be based on the distance that a letter or package travels but should instead be based on the weight of the letter or package and that fees for postal services should be collected in advance of the delivery, rather than after, through the use of postage stamps.2 The ideas proposed by Hill went into effect in England almost immediately, and other countries soon followed suit. The first English stamp, which featured a portrait of then Queen Victoria, was printed in 1840. This stamp, the "penny black," came in sheets that needed to be separated with scissors and provided enough postage for a letter weighing 14 grams or less to any destination. In 1843, Brazil was the next nation to produce national postage stamps, and various areas in what is today Switzerland also produced postage stamps later in the same year. Postage stamps in five-and ten-cent denominations were first approved by the U.S. Congress in 1847, and by 1860 postage stamps were being issued in more than 90 governmental jurisdictions worldwide.6. According to paragraph 1, postage stamps were first suggested(A) in the first half of the eighteenth century(B) in the second half of the eighteenth century(C) in the first half of the nineteenth century(D) in the second half of the nineteenth century7. It is indicated in paragraph 1 that Sir Rowland Hill believed that postage fees(A) should be paid by the sender(B) should be related to distance(C) should have nothing to do with how heavy a package is(D) should be collected after the package is delivered8. What is stated in paragraph 2 about the first English postage stamp?(A) It was designed by Queen Victoria.(B) It contained a drawing of a black penny.(C) It was produced in sheets of 14 stamps.(D) It could be used to send a lightweight letter.9. According to paragraph 2, Brazil introduced postage stamps(A) before England(B) before Switzerland(C) after the United States(D) after Switzerland10. It is mentioned in paragraph 2 that in 1847(A) postage stamps were in use in 90 different countries(B) it cost fifteen cents to mail a letter in the United States(C) two different denominations of postage stamps were introduced in the United States(D) the U.S. Congress introduced the "penny black" stamp参考答案：6-10：A、A、D、B、CLake Baikal1 Crescent-shaped Lake Baikal, in Siberia, is only the ninth largest lake in area at 385 miles (650 km) in length and 46 miles (74 km) in width, yet it is easily the largest body of fresh water in the world. It holds one-fifth of the world's total fresh water, which is more than the total of all the water in the five Great Lakes; it holds so much fresh water in spite of its less-than-impressive area because it is by far the world's deepest lake. The average depth of the lake is 1,312 feet (400 meters) below sea level, and the Olkhon Crevice, the lowest known point, is more than 5,250 feet (1,600 meters) deep.2 Lake Baikal, which today is located near the center of the Asian peninsula, is most likely the world's oldest lake. It began forming 25 million years ago as Asia started splitting apart in a series of great faults. The Baikal Valley dropped away, eventually filling with water and creating the deepest of the world's lakes.1. What is stated in paragraph 1 about the shape of Lake Baikal?(A) It is wider than it is long.(B) It is circular in shape.(C) Its width is one-half of its length.(D) It is shaped like a new moon.2. It is indicated in paragraph 1 that the area of Lake Baikal(A) is less than the area of eight other lakes(B) is one-ninth the area of Siberia(C) is greater than the area of any other freshwater lake(D) is equal to the area of the five Great Lakes3. According to paragraph 1, Lake Baikal(A) holds one-fifth of the world's water(B) holds five times the water of the Great Lakes(C) holds one-ninth of the world's water(D) holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water4. According to paragraph 1, the Olkhon Crevice is(A) outside of Lake Baikal(B) 400 meters below sea level(C) the deepest part of Lake Baikal(D) 5,000 meters deep5. It is mentioned in paragraph 2 that Lake Baikal(A) is not as old as some other lakes(B) formed when sections of the Earth were moving away from each other(C) was fully formed 25 million years ago(D) is today located on the edge of the Asian peninsula参考答案：1-5：D、A、D、C、BNew World EpidemicsA huge loss of life resulted from the introduction of Old World diseases into the Americas in the early sixteenth century. The inhabitants of the Americas were separated from Asia, Africa, and Europe by rising oceans following the Ice Ages, and, as a result, they were isolated by means of this watery barrier from numerous virulent epidemic diseases that had developed across the ocean, such as measles, smallpox, pneumonia, and malaria. Pre-Columbian Americans had a relatively disease-free environment but also lacked the antibodies needed to protect them from bacteria and viruses brought to America by European explorers and colonists. A devastating outbreak of disease the strikes for the first time against a completely unprotected population is known as a virgin soil epidemic. Virgin soil epidemics contributed to an unbelievable decline in the population of native inhabitants of the Americas, one that has been estimated at as much as an 80 percent decrease of the native population in the centuries following the arrival of Europeans in the Americas.10. The word they in the passage refers to(A) the inhabitants(B) epidemic diseases(C) rising oceans(D) the Ice Ages11. The word that in the passage refers to(A) a disease-free environment(B) this watery barrier(C) virulent epidemic diseases(D) the ocean12. The world them in the passage refers to(A) pre-Columbian Americans(B) the antibodies(C) bacteria and viruses(D) European explorers and colonists13. The word one in the passage refers to(A) a virgin soil epidemic(B) an unbelievable decline(C) the population of native inhabitants(D) the arrival of Europeans参考答案：10-13：A、C、A、B。
2020年1月上海高考英语听力试题及答案
2020年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷1. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A boss.2.A. Worried. B. Anxious. C. At ease. D. Excited.3. A. He plays the violin very well.B. He was surprised by the woman’s skills.C. He never knew the woman before.D. He will win the competition .4. A. The ticket is still expensive. B. The ticket is very cheap.C. He is jealous of the girl.D. He doesn’t want to buy the ticket.5. A. They are talking about a song. B. They are talking about an opera.C. They are talking about a film.D. They are talking about a novel.6. A. She doesn’t like basketball.B. She thinks there is no valuable player.C. She doesn't want to talk with the man.D. She is disappointed with their basketball team.7. A. She thinks the man disturbs her.B . The man is out of luck .C. The only position was occupied yesterday.D. She wants the man called her yesterday.8. A. They will have a date. B. They will go shopping together.C. They will attend class in the schoolD. they will play badminton together.9. A. They have enough time to finish this work.B. They are unlucky to do this big assignment.C. He doesn’t think it’s a big assignment.D. He will not start working on this task until next month.10. A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Thursday. D. On Sunday.Section BDirections : In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is t to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. The pizzas become cold when they reach you.B. The pizzas need a long time to deliver.C. The pizzas need a long time to cook.D. It takes too much manpower to make pizzas.12. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. Half an hour. D. An hour.13. A.Online shopping can stimulate consumption.B. Working together with robots can improve our efficiency .C. We should take the good use of the fragmented time.D. The pizza house improved the speed of making pizzas.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Because the workforce is not well-trained.B. Because supermarkets don't have the space to add more checkout lines.C. Because their security systems is never upgraded.D. Because there are always many interruptions.15. A. We should make sure that each customer has a checkout counters.B. Another line is always moving faster than yours.C. The chances of your line being the quickest is lower.D. We are in bad luck if we choose the slowest line.16. A. How can we choose the fastest line when we check out.B. We can beat the system if given the chanceC. Queueing theory can provide an explanation to checkout at the store.D. More complex problems are passed up to people with more training. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. She will talk with George and help him out.B. She will take George to consult a psychologist.C. She will take George to play baseball.D. She will help George to get the promotion.18. A. He thinks George is good at cooking.B. He thinks George will be fine.C. He thinks George needs to consult a psychologist.D. He think George is a sentimental man.19. A. George just wanted to stay alone.B. George’s favorite basketball team was lost in the game .C. George was crossed in love recently.D. George didn’t get the promotion he was promised.20. A. Maggie loves Jack very much.B. Maggie is George’s sister.C. Maggie takes George and Jake like a family.D. Maggie is not optimistic at all.听力原文Section ADirections : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Good morning. Please have a seat here. What's the problem?W: I've taken the pills as you instructed, but I still keep sneezing.Q: What is most probably the man?2. W: Jean was reported missing yesterday, but it turned out to be a false alarm.M: Great. You can't imagine how worried I was yesterday.Q: How is the man feeling now?3.M: I never fancy you playing the violin so wonderfully.W: Thanks. This year's competition is just around the corner.Q: What can we learn about the man?4.W: Don't you think the ticket is cheaper for this week's ballet show?M: Cheaper? Maybe for you.Q : What does the man mean?5. W: The rhythm is slow and weird. Who on earth wrote it?M : Hmm . . . I'm in the dark as much as you are.Q: What are the speakers most probably talking about?6. M: What do you think of our most valuable player of this year?W: I don't want to talk about our basketball team anymore. Every time I thought we would win. I was discouraged.Q: What does the woman mean?7.M: Is the position you mentioned last month still vacant?W: If only you had asked me yesterday , you always have bad timing.Q: What does the woman imply?8.W: I am taking a badminton class this afternoon. Do you want to go with me?M: Why not? I need to do some exercise to lose weight .Q: What are the speakers most probably going to do this afternoon?9. W: Wow, that's a big assignment we've got for the project.M: Wow, it's not as bad as it looks . It isn't due until next month.Q: What does the man imply?10. W: Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bank of China?M: It's over there, but it's open on weekdays only. You'd better go the day aftertomorrow.Q: On what day does the conversation most probably take place?Section BDirections : In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is t to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.When you order a pizza online, it goes through quite a journey before arriving at your door from kitchen oven to warming counter to the backseat of a car. That is why it can be only slightly warm by the time you take your first bite? A pizza house in New York has fixed that. Its secret weapons are robots. After a customer places an order online, the request comes into its central kitchen. At its headquarters, there robots and a few humans on staff start preparing the pizza.Each robot has a name and a duty, like spreading the sauce or putting the pizzas into the oven.Each pizza is baked first for 90 seconds in an 800 degree oven, then the half baked pizza is loaded into one of the mobile ovens in the truck. Another robot takes over the task of loading and reloading the pizza into the truck's oven. When the truck is four minutes away from its destination, the oven containing the order would turn on to finish cooking the pizza. Thanks to the assistance of robots, delivery orders take an average of 20 minutes, 10 minutes less than before. The pieces are hot when they reach you. (Now, listen again.)Questions:11. What problem has the pizza house in New York solved?12. On average how long did it take the pizza house to deliver an order in the past?13. What can we learn about the pizza house?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.The next time you end up on the slowest moving queue at the supermarket, don't blame your bad luck anymore. According to queuing theories, mathematicians who predict queue length and waiting times, you are not alone in such an unpleasant situation.Queuing theory explains why there's probably no way you can always be in the fastest line.The explanation goes something like this. A supermarket tries to have enough checkout counters open to get all their customers through with minimum delay. Despite the well trained workforce and ever upgrading security systems, there are always going to be busy periods. Because supermarkets don't have the physical space to add more checkout lines. During these busier times, their system becomes overloaded. One small interruption, such as a price check or chatty customer results in a chain of reactions to affect the entire line behind them.If there are three lines at a store, these delays will happen randomly at different checkout counters. The chances of your line being the quickest are only one in three. So you are not just imagining it. Another line probably is moving faster than yours.(Now, listen again.)Questions:14. According to the passage, why are there long queues in supermarkets during busy hours?15. What does queuing theory try to tell us?16. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Jake, I want to talk to you about our little brother, George.M: What's the matter with him?W: I'm worried about him. We must do something. He's been in low spirits for weeks.M: Come on, Mikey! George, he's changeable like the weather. He could be laughing next week.W: Jake, he's our brother. And we are supposed to be there for him, aren't we?M: Yes, but how independent he is. We can't help him if he doesn't want it, can he?W: I'll feel guilty. He is family after all. We mustn't ignore problems in the family or they will just get bigger.M: Do you want me to encourage him to consult a psychologist?W: No, you don't have to do that. But he should talk about things with people that he knows. M: Yes, he should. He cooks all things inside.W: Exactly.Just talking will help him so much.M: He's very unhappy about not getting the promotion he was promised.W: Of course, we should get George to know every cloud has a silver lining.M: You think ?W: He can't get any better chance in his terrible apartment, can he? Watching baseball 24 hours a day?M: Basketball.W: Please, Jake . I hate to see George like that. Do something next week. You must get him out of that apartment. Get him doing something new.M: I'll do it. I hope you'll help me like this the same thing happens to me.W: You bet! We are family.(Now, listen again.)Questions:17. What is Maggie trying to do?18. What does Jake think of George?19. What happened to George?20. What can be concluded about Maggies from the conversation?。
2020年1月9日托福口语答案解析
2020年1月9日托福口语答案解析Task1 – College students should be allowed to keep pets in their dormitories. What do you think? Please include specific reasons and details in your explanation.Task2 – Do you agree or disagree with the statement that celebrities like musician, athletes or performers can set good examples for young people?Task3学校计划：School career center plans to practice job interview.听力女生反对。
原因一，It’s not realistic. 学生并没有那么重视原因二，学生很忙，即将毕业有很多事情要做比如research paper, part-time job, exam等等。
Task4阅读概念：Seagoing fish讲座：教授举了日本鲑鱼的例子，在河里产卵，hatchling在river不容易被吃，长大了就去ocean, 因为有吃的。
Task5问题：The man has a schedule conflict between a jazz concert and a new play.Solution 1：选择看一半concert, 两个building 很近，但是不值票价。
Solution 2：第二天去看play, 但是much smaller, 没意思。
Task6Two disadvantages of home-based business.First：没有boundary between business and personal life：如果有potential customer, 但是隔壁有 baby crying, 显得not professional。
1月9日托福口语机经——环球教育
环球教育教研中心 their income and enhance their living standards. More visitors means more job opportunities and the unemployment issue will be tackled in this way. On the contrary, if there’re more foreign visitors, the primitive lifestyle of local residents might be influenced and even changed dramatically. For instance, some local people who used to make a living by agriculture or making traditional handicrafts may start to run a hotel or a restaurant so the local culture cannot be well preserved. 3. 如果有两所大学同时录取你， 一所是名牌大学， 但学费很贵； 另一所没名气， 但给你提供奖学金，你怎么选？ Personally, I would choose to study in a well-known university rather than universities which are not so famous. The main reason is that I would be able to receive a better education in a well-known university which facilitates more advanced teaching resources and teaching equipment. Plus, there would be much more chances to meet intelligent and excellent peers, which could be incredibly eye-opening and beneficial for my future career. Most importantly, graduating from a key university would make it easy to find a decent job, since good companies and large international firms are more likely to employ graduates from renowned universities.
2020年1月9日托福阅读机经预测
2020年1月9日托福阅读机经预测2020年1月9日托福机经【阅读+听力】Task3阅读plan： university will no longer serve poetry writing courseR1：class small, enrollment decline ，not worthwhileR2： student can take a similar class in state university听力man： he thinks it's terribleR1：就是因为人少才更加的worthwhile, 因为你就能够more attention from professor, get important feedback, 而individual talk with professor是 important的大班的话 they cannot learn that much.R2： state university 不方便,own car的还行, 需要花费more than 1 hours on the bus, for student who takes public transportation is inconvenient.2020年1月9日托福机经【阅读+听力】Task4阅读releaser：一种initiated的behavior 天生不用学的通stimulate来发生的听力eg1： toad，对于任何move like fly的东西都会本能的attack，比如一只铅笔如果来回move在toad 面前，他们就会攻击想去吃他。
eg2：geese 对于任何shaped like egg的东西都会本能的保护，比如别的长得像蛋的东西在滚动，她就会本能的去保护它，这个叫做parenting。
Task5听力schedule problem：想参加一个visitor professor Thomas 的economic 课，但是又有4个required class before graduationS1： audit 经济课，能够上他的课但是不用担心考试和一些论文之类的，但是女生担心自己就不会学到太多东西S2：把其中的一个required course 挪到夏天暑假上，但是女生说自己summer时间挺满的，如果那时候上课就会有less work hours 了。
2020年1月浙江高考英语听力试题简要分析及试题
2020年1月高考英语浙江卷听力部分简要分析（附录音稿）1. 语速：162词/分（比2019年6月每分钟快11 词）2. 录音稿总词数：888（比2019年6月多61词）3. 口音：美音4. 录音人：男：Jonny Hutong, 女：Emi Carter（男女声都变化）详见以下统计：附：2020年1月高考英语浙江卷听力部分第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a zoo.B. In a library.C. In a drugstore.2. What will the man do next?A. Change some money.B. Take the food home.C. Sit and eat his meal.3. What does the woman suggest?A. Buying a computer.B. Hiring an assistant.C. Starting a business.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. The weather.B. The scenery.C. The traffic.5. When did the man see the film?A. On Wednesday.B. On Thursday.C. On Saturday.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2020年托福听力考前训练试题及答案2完整篇.doc
2017年托福听力考前训练试题及答案2By 1776 the fine art of painting as it had developed in western Europe up to this time had been introduced into the American colonies through books and prints, European visitors and immigrants, and traveling colonists who brought back copies (and a few original) of old master paintings and acquaintance with European art institutions.By the outbreak of the Revolution against British rule in 1776, the status of the artists had already undergone change. In the mid-eighteenth century, painters had been willing to assume such artisan-related tasks as varnishing, gilding teaching, keeping shops, and painting wheel carriages, houses, and signs. The terminology by which artists were described at the time suggests their status: "limner" was usually applied to the anonymous portrait painter up to the 1760's; "painter" characterized anyone who could paint a flat surface. By the second half of the century, colonial artists who were trained in England or educated in the classics rejected the status of laborer and thought of themselves as artists. Some colonial urban portraitists, such as John Singleton Copley, Benjamin West, and Charles Wilson Peale, consorted with affluent patrons. Although subject to fluctuations in their economic status, all three enjoyed sufficient patronage to allow them to maintain an image of themselves as professional artists, an image indicated by their custom of signing their paintings. A few art collectors James Bowdoin III of Boston, William Byrd of Virginian, and the Aliensand Hamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries, especially aspiring artists, and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.Although the colonists tended to favor portraits, they also accepted landscapes, historical works, and political engravings as appropriate artistic subjects. With the coming of independence from the British Crown, a sufficient number of artists and their works were available to serve nationalistic purposes. The achievements of the colonial artists, particularly those of Copley, West, and Peale, lent credence to the boast that the new nation was capable of encouraging genius and that political liberty was congenial to the development of taste —a necessary step before art could assume an important role in the new republic.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) European influence on colonial American painting(B) The importance of patronage to artist(C) The changing status of artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century(D) Subjects preferred by artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century.2. The word "outbreak" in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) cause(B) beginning(C) position(D) explanation3. The word "undergone undergo 经历" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) led to(B) transformed(C) preferred(D) experienced4. According to the passage , before the American Revolution the main task of limners was to(A) paint wheel carriages(B) paint portraits(C) varnish furniture(D) paint flat surfaces5. It can be inferred from the passage that artists who were trained in England(A) considered artists to be superior to painters(B) barely painted portraitists(C) were often very wealthy(D) imitated English painters6. The word "consorted 结交" in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) made decisions(B) studies(C) agreed(D) associated7. The word "sufficient充足的，充分的" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) adequate(B) temporary(C) friendly(D) expensive8. According to the passage , artists such as Copley, West and Peal signed their paintings(A) increased the monetary value of the paintings(B) made it more difficult for other artists to copy the paintings(C) supported the artists' image of professionalism(D) distinguished colonial American artists from European artists9. The author mentions James Bowdoin III and William Byrd in line 17 as examples of which of the following?(A) Art gallery owners who displayed only European art(B) Art collectors who had a profound influence on American attitudes toward art(C) Artists who gave financial support to other artists(D) Patrons whose helped to encourage artisans to become artists10. With which of the following would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Countries that have not had a political revolution are unlikely to develop great art.(B) The most successful art collectors are usually artists themselves.(C) The value of colonial American paintings decreased after the Revolution.(D) Colonial artists made an important contribution to the evolving culture of the new nation.CBDBA DACBD语法补充倒装句的主谓一致，后决定前①there be 句型There + be + n.表係主由主決定係eg:(There are) no (known) society (in which) (left-handed) people predominate.答案: A there arethere is②between , among 等介词位于句首引起的倒装Between/ Among ...+ be + n.表係主由主決定係eg:65.Between the foothills of (the) Andes and (the) Pacific Ocean (are) a dry coastal strip带averaging about 30 miles (in width).答案: C areis66. (Among) the (favorite) attractions (at the) National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the (film) presented on the five-story-tall screen.答案: D filmfilms2017年托福听力考前训练试题及答案3Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise wayand then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating studentmight revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?"1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions(C) Research on how people make decisions(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making2. The word "essential" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) introductory(B) changeable(C) beneficial(D) fundamental3. The word "pertinent有关的，相关的" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) relevant(B) preceding 在先的，前面的，在前的(C) insightful 富有洞察力的(D) responsive4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?(A) Listing the consequences of each solution(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution(C) Deciding which consequences are most important(D) Writing down all possible solutions5. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that(A) has the fewest variables to consider(B) uses the most decision worksheets(C) has the most points assigned to it(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of(A) describing a process(B) classifying types of worksheets(C) providing historical background(D) explaining a theory7. The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once (lines 17-18) to explain that(A) most decisions involve seven steps(B) human mental capacity has limitations(C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions(D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice8. The word "succinct简洁的"in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) creative(B) satisfactory(C) personal(D) concise9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?(A) Proponents (line 5)(B) Optimal (line 5)(C) Variables (line 17)(D) Long-range goals (line 25)10. The word "it" in line 24 refers to(A) worksheet(B) problem(C) distinction(D) decision11. The word "revise修订，修改，修正" in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) ask(B) explain(C) change(D) predictADADC ABDBB C语法补充百分比结构most/ half/ rest/ majority/ some/ one percent/ one-third/ three-quarters + of + Noun. + V (V單複數由Noun.定)n1+of+n2+v 谓语由n1决定eg:Approximately fifty percent of the (package) (utilized) in the United States are for (foods) and (beverages)答案: A packagepackages2017年托福听力考前训练试题及答案4Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration, from town and farm to city, within the United States. The country had been overwhelmingly rural at the beginning of the century, with less than 5 percent of Americans living in large towns or cities. The proportion of urban population began to grow remarkably after 1840, increasing from 11 percent that year to 28 percent by 1880 and to 46 percent by 1900. A country with only 6 cities boasting a population of more than 8,000 in 1800 had become one with 545 such cities in 1900. Of these, 26 had a population of more than 100,000 including 3 that held more than a million people. Much of the migration producing an urban society came from smaller towns within the United States, but the combination of newimmigrants and old American "settlers" on America's "urban frontier" in the late nineteenth century proved extraordinary.The growth of cities and the process of industrialization fed on each other. The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside to seek a new life in the city and made it possible for fewer farmers to feed the large concentrations of people needed to provide a workforce for growing numbers of factories. Cities also provided ready and convenient markets for the products of industry, and huge contracts in transportation and construction —as well as the expanded market in consumer goods —allowed continued growth of the urban sector of the overall economy of the Untied States.Technological developments further stimulated the process of urbanization. One example is the Bessemer converter (an industrial process for manufacturing steel), which provided steel girders for the construction of skyscrapers. The refining of crude oil into kerosene, and later the development of electric lighting as well as of the telephone, brought additional comforts to urban areas that were unavailable to rural Americans and helped attract many of them from the farms into the cities. In every era the lure of the city included a major psychological element for country people: the bustle and social interaction of urban life seemed particularly intriguing to those raised in rural isolation.1. What aspects of the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Technological developments(B) The impact of foreign immigrants on cities(C) Standards of living(D) The relationship between industrialization and urbanization2. The word "influx注入，涌入" in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) working(B) processing 调整，加工，处理，冲洗，理赔，工艺设计…(C) arrival(D) attraction3. The paragraph preceding the passage most probably discuss(A) foreign immigration(B) rural life(C) the agricultural revolution(D) famous cities of the twentieth century4. What proportion of population of the United States was urban in 1900?(A) Five percent(B) Eleven percent(C) Twenty-eight percent(D) Forty-six percent5. The word "extraordinary不平常的，特别的" in line 12 is closet in meaning to(A) expensive(B) exceptional(C) supreme(D) necessary6. The phrase "each other" in line 13 refers to(A) foreign immigrants and domestic migrants(B) farms and small towns(C) growth of cities and industrialization(D) industry and transportation7. The word "stimulated" in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) forced(B) prepared(C) limited(D) motivated8. Why does the author mention "electric lighting" and "the telephone" in line 23?(A) They contributed to the agricultural revolution(B) They are examples of the conveniences of city life(C) They were developed by the same individual.(D) They were products of the Bessemer converter.9. The word "them" in line 25 refers to(A) urban areas(B) rural Americans(C) farms(D) cities10. The word "era" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) period of time(B) location(C) action(D) unique situation11. The word "intriguing有吸引的" in line 27 is closest in meaning to(A) profitable(B) attractive(C) comfortable(D) challengingDCADB CDBBA B。
2020年1月9日托福阅读词汇机经
2020 年 1 月9 日托福阅读词汇机经geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球northern and southern hemispheres 北半球和南半球eastern and western hemispheres 东半球和西半球irrational 不合情理的neuro-sis 神经机能病neurotic 神经官能症患者psychosis 神经错乱insane(mad; lunatic) 精神失常hysteria 歇斯底里; 癔病mania 狂躁parallel 平行圈; 纬线latitude 纬度temperate latitudes 温带地区subterranean (underground) 地底下coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 地陆岛recycle 回收利用rush hour 高峰期soil pollution 土壤污染solar energy 太阳能solid waste 固体废物tidal energy 潮汐能traffic jam 交通堵塞trash bag 垃圾袋ultraviolet radiation 紫外线辐射upper atmosphere 上层大气waste 废物wastewater 废水water pollution 水污染coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon ( 谷底有溪涧流过的) 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡gulf 海湾survey 测绘elevation 海拔altitude remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的; 陆地的globe terrestrial heat (geothermal; heat of the earth 's interior) 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁cheerful (joyful; joyous) 欢乐的ardent(fervent; passionate) 热忱的enthusiastic(warmhearted; zealous)高度热心的; 热情的。
2020年托福听力模拟试题及答案(卷六)
2020年托福听力模拟试题及答案（卷六）By 1776 the fine art of painting as it had developed in western Europe up to this time had been introduced into the American colonies through books and prints, European visitors and immigrants, and traveling colonists who brought back copies (and a few original) of old master paintings and acquaintance with European art institutions.By the outbreak of the Revolution against British rule in 1776, the status of the artists had already undergone change. In the mid-eighteenth century, painters had been willing to assume such artisan-related tasks as varnishing, gilding teaching, keeping shops, and painting wheel carriages, houses, and signs. The terminology by which artists were described at the time suggests their status: "limner" was usually applied to the anonymous portrait painter up to the 1760's; "painter" characterized anyone who could paint a flat surface. By the second half of the century, colonial artists who were trained in England or educated in the classics rejected the status of laborer and thought of themselves as artists. Some colonial urban portraitists, such as John Singleton Copley, Benjamin West, and Charles Wilson Peale, consorted with affluent patrons. Although subject to fluctuations in their economic status, all three enjoyed sufficient patronage to allow them to maintain an image of themselves as professional artists, an image indicated by their custom of signing their paintings. A few art collectors JamesBowdoin III of Boston, William Byrd of Virginian, and the Aliens and Hamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries, especially aspiring artists, and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.Although the colonists tended to favor portraits, they also accepted landscapes, historical works, and political engravings as appropriate artistic subjects. With the coming of independence from the British Crown, a sufficient number of artists and their works were available to serve nationalistic purposes. The achievements of the colonial artists, particularly those of Copley, West, and Peale, lent credence to the boast that the new nation was capable of encouraging genius and that political liberty was congenial to the development of taste —a necessary step before art could assume an important role in the new republic.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) European influence on colonial American painting(B) The importance of patronage to artist(C) The changing status of artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century(D) Subjects preferred by artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century.2. The word "outbreak" in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) cause(B) beginning(C) position(D) explanation3. The word "undergone undergo 经历" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) led to(B) transformed(C) preferred(D) experienced4. According to the passage , before the American Revolution the main task of limners was to(A) paint wheel carriages(B) paint portraits(C) varnish furniture(D) paint flat surfaces5. It can be inferred from the passage that artists who were trained in England(A) considered artists to be superior to painters(B) barely painted portraitists(C) were often very wealthy(D) imitated English painters6. The word "consorted 结交" in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) made decisions(B) studies(C) agreed(D) associated7. The word "sufficient充足的，充分的" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) adequate(B) temporary(C) friendly(D) expensive8. According to the passage , artists such as Copley, West and Peal signed their paintings(A) increased the monetary value of the paintings(B) made it more difficult for other artists to copy the paintings(C) supported the artists' image of professionalism(D) distinguished colonial American artists from European artists9. The author mentions James Bowdoin III and William Byrd in line17 as examples of which of the following?(A) Art gallery owners who displayed only European art(B) Art collectors who had a profound influence on American attitudes toward art(C) Artists who gave financial support to other artists(D) Patrons whose helped to encourage artisans to become artists10. With which of the following would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Countries that have not had a political revolution are unlikely to develop great art.(B) The most successful art collectors are usually artists themselves.(C) The value of colonial American paintings decreased after the Revolution.(D) Colonial artists made an important contribution to the evolving culture of the new nation.CBDBA DACBD语法补充：i. 谓语动词1. 主谓一致(1)主谓的分隔塬则主谓之间可以用定语从句及省略形式的定从分隔S, ---,VO eg: The Hopi,霍皮人the tribe, have lived..Sister lotus，the most beautiful woman in China, feels very lonely.* 主谓一致与主语同位语无关，主语可以与插入语无关，主语和同位语二者是主语和表语的关系(2)谓语随后一致就近not 单n(A). but 复n.(B) + 复V+ are not only 单n(A). but also 复n(B). + 复V+ are还有。
2020年1月托福听力真题回忆及参考答案
2020年1月托福听力真题回忆及参考答案面对1月的托福考试，听力部分这次出现了哪些真题?相信很多的考生也比较关心这次的考试题目，毕竟这些题目对于我们接下来的考试有着很大的帮助。
具体的这些题目内容是什么呢?下面小编为大家整理了详细的内容，供大家参考!2020年1月4日托福听力真题回忆及参考答案Conversation1.学生的排练地点和别人冲突了让他换一个讨论了一些舞台技术最后建议她找另一个教授咨询2.教授欣赏学生的表演邀请她参加一个event，但是学生要工作时间冲突，她向教授推荐她舍友，她帮教授做网站3.学生想找tutor4.学生找教授讨论一个画家5.一个学生来采访图书馆的工作人员，工作人员说退休以后还要继续读书，因为平时没时间读6.学生来找老师，说画的都很相似，老师说这些画landmark的，主要是卖给来旅游的，不是卖给当地人的Lecture1.讲的间歇泉形成原理和温泉对比自然影响不大人类有两个影响一个是用地热发电另一个是采矿最后说了解决办法2.美国两个realistic的画家3.鲸鱼是由陆地进化的证据4.多任务同时完成和自律的关系5.马蹄虫的作用6.resin化石的好处7.有fmri监测大脑的两个部分l和m。
I负责momery，m负责creative，当人在演奏的时候l会不active，m反而会active8.从地球推测出的某某zone，只有在这种zone里才可能有生命。
professor说这个是不对的，在黄石公园发现一种东西能在很热的水里生存9.短故事在美国流行，短故事要能在短时间内读完，有一个good ending2020年1月5日托福听力真题回忆及参考答案Conversation 对话【版本1】1. 男生找到了一个在动物园的internship，找老师换组。
2. 男生找教授讨论他的论文选题，然后讲了阿基米德测王后皇冠是否是纯金的故事。
3. C女生关于如何增加自己社团会员数，请教老师。
4. C女生问教授关于暑期实习的名单确定时间，她想选暑期课。
2020年1月11日托福听力考试真题答案
2020年1月11日托福听力考试真题答案一月上旬的托福考试已经顺利落幕，大家对考试的结果想必是非常的关心的吧，不妨先来和店铺看一看2020年1月11日托福听力考试真题答案。
对话C1：学生去找学校博物馆的校长问有一个小册子怎么还不到。
还顺便问到了学校还缺不缺人手，他想找一份工作挣钱。
但是校长说他可以先去做一个志愿者增加自己的经历，如果有职位就告诉他。
校长还说自己也是学艺术史毕业的。
C2：学生的paper 可能要写不完了，因为发现他的主题和历史有出入。
教授建议他直接换主题，里面的内容还能用，所以应该来得及写。
C3：学生找工作人员讨论职业候选人以及可能相关的变动。
C4：教授找学生问小组meeting讨论课题调查问卷。
讲座Art：教授介绍一幅用金子和羽毛装饰的fancy画作in Mexico。
其中羽毛保存得很好，用胶水粘贴，还主要讲胶水的制作方法，还可以带来比较的经济效益。
Zoology：教授介绍non-native animals对于当地动物是好是坏，举了cane toad & baby tear的例子。
Geology：教授介绍黄石公园火山的形成假说American History：教授介绍美国最原来13个州制定的邦联宪法Physics：教授介绍爱因斯坦的相对论，讲到relativity using magnet and coil as exampleArchaeology：教授介考古的假说，说了四个假说：一种人被发现有shark bones 然后推测他们是怎么get 到的。
用了NMA methods for archaeological research， ancient hunter-gatherers and the large shark teeth found in their places，4 possible sources of the teeth。
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2020年1月9日托福听力答案解析
Conversation 1
学生找老师先说了老师在网上布置的reading, 老师说reading都能够在网上查到啊，他就说他想问的是他的文章能不能publish。
(主
旨题) 老师说，不是所有的文章都能被出版的，他们会找被revise(有题) 完了之后这学生不乐意了，审查能够啊，他觉得他写挺好的，不
过吧最近读了网上的reading，感觉能够加进去一些其他的elements。
(也就是准备写点儿别的了，说了某个主题，提到他grandpa。
) 老师
就说这个题啊，xxx也研究了这个题，发了文。
(有题，问提这个学生
干嘛。
选项有A跟他说有人选了此题建议换题日鼓励这个字生发表自
己的意见C提醒他有竞争对手D挫败他。
) 然后老师就说了，你能够
找你grandparent，他在社区工作过，比较了解传统诗歌和现代诗歌的差异，你聊了以后比较有话说。
然后老师提醒他，你要注惹分析诗歌
的语言，他们的韵律，毕竟诗歌是一种repetition.(有题，问老师让他注意哪些方面吧)
Lecture 1
关于舞台布景艺术。
(语速较快)
教授说了19世纪到20世纪美国和欧洲戏院布景的变化。
(主旨题)首先说了在19世纪上半继续18世纪残存的写实考古之风。
在布景和
服装方面表现了对历史真实的追求。
总的来说力求realism。
实现对历史的真实还原。
似乎提到了镜像布置舞台?什么这边一个东西，相同的
位置在那边就要有一个之类的。
为满足成批生产“值班布景”的需要，19世纪下半为满足成批生产“值班布景"的需要，19世纪下半叶，批
量生产的布景体积笨重，牢固耐用，讲究制作工艺，但风格不统一。
(有题，问boxing怎么了)而且，有一点，非常cost money。
不过教授态度似乎是natural is more important。
有题，问教授对于昂贵的布景的看法。
后来自然主义兴起，力求布录筒单明了，还出现子恢复莎
士比亚戏剧原貌、不用布景演出的实验。
对舞台要简单、概并主张突
出演员。
(有题，问现代舞台有哪些改变吧，多选)
Lecture 2
生物学。
先提了共生关系。
首先说了现象特普遍，哪都有。
提了人肠内细
菌提供维生素K的例证(有题，问提这个干嘛)。
说了一堆鱼。
鱼和某
细菌互帮互助，能发光，还是变色，都为了生存。
后面讲一种DNA探针，某种鱼的蛋白能够配对其共生物种的探针，从而显示实验结果。
Conversation 2
男孩找人事处老师，说听他一教授说，他能够自荐在毕业典礼上
发表演讲。
这事儿对他有好处，被选中了特光荣，而且有了这荣誉好
找工作。
教授就说是啊，选中了是挺荣幸的。
男孩说不行啊，我只能
念稿子，不能背诵，deliver a speech，教授说，原则上是一定要背的，不过你也别虚，没事，有专业人员帮你训练，你上去之前练好多
遍呢。
(有题，问什么新信息强化了男生要演讲的念头。
就是有人帮训练)男孩说，太好了，那我要参加。
教授说，那行吧，你得写一份儿东西，表明你的目的兴趣之类的。
男孩说，是什么?演讲稿不都在选人之
前写好的?我教授跟我说选我之前演讲稿就是有了的啊。
教授说，那都
不知道啥时候的事儿了，我己经改革了。
(有题)男孩说，那好吧。
那
我要交简历吗? 教授说，你把你上过的课连带着成绩单给我交一份来。
还要两份推荐信。
(有题，五个东西，分别选要交还是不交)男孩问，
还有吗?教授说，我这个时想不起来了，不过网上都有信息，你自己查
一下吧。
Lecture 3
天文学。
教授讲太阳展外层，是日冕。
这儿有时候会发生一点小异样，叫solar wind。
全世界人民都知道啊，这对地球有影响。
啥影响呢，那
就是对人类社会严重干扰啊，power cut off，对地球卫星干扰啊。
(有题)一堆危害讲完之后，教授就说了，我们要收集数据。
数据能够
提供模型帮我们预测啊。
不过天文数真的是据太多了很复杂啊，而且
凌乱啊。
不过好在有一种特别有用的工具。
它能提供什么模型吧似乎，你就把你的数据填进去就行了，后面的处理数据的事他会自己解决的。
之后就拿着这工具就开始研究太阳风了。
把太阳风三个部分转换成了
音乐作曲的两部分吧solar wind对应什么噪音，还有什么对应速度，
这块儿说的太细了。
最后科学家用这种工具还没有啥重大发现，不过
教授他觉得肯定会有的。
Lecture 4
教授说shell以前是tool啊，人造的。
众学生不信，你咋知道是
人造的?教授说好问题!你看着点，这shellhole，知道咋整的吗?考古
学家仿照着这，用了三步骤才得到的这marking的，一对比就知道，
只要有这种相似的标记的，这肯定是人造的，自己压根长不出考古学
家仿照若这，用了三步骤才得到的这marking的，一对比就知道，只
要有这种相似的标记的，这肯定是人造的，自己压根长不出来。
Amy就问了，这和人类社会有啥联系啊。
教授说，naive!我用种判断工具的
方法大有用处啊!你看这以前的时候，这有bronze的和leather的，
有的人就觉得bronze的好啊。
做武器你们觉得啥比较好呢?一男同学说，那必须bronzes。
吧?教说，误呀，有的也是bronze。
不过呢，
绝大部分还是leather。
考古学家仿照这些东西又做了bronze shell
和leather shell，发现leather的贼耐用什么的吧。