U20基本句型的扩展1
初二英语U10 知识点整理
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果下雨，我们就不去野炊了 If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a picnic.
（2）have a good time
have a good time doing=have fun doing=enjoy oneself doing
8.你只要跟人聊聊这个问题，你的问题就解决了一半。
So you’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it! be halfway to… 表示“完成了或者做了事情的一部分”，其中to为介 词 如 :我们才仅仅完成了工作的一部分。 we’re still only halfway to finishing the job.
句中的by在这里表示方式，“通过（…办法）；使用(…)方式”的意思。
通过做某事
by doing sth.
by sb.'s advice/on sb.'s advice 依某人劝告 follow sb.'s advice 接受某人意见 give advice 劝告, 忠告
Section B
6. If people have problems ,they should try to keep them to themselves. keep....to oneself意为“保守秘密”， 如：We should keep their worries to themselves。 我们应该为他们的忧虑保守秘密。 keep....to oneself还可意为“不与人来往；不交际”
自考树英语二高频变形规则表
自考树英语二高频变形规则表一、动词变形规则1. 一般现在时主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数在动词后面加-s）例句：She plays tennis every Sunday.2. 一般过去时主语 + 动词过去式（若动词以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i然后加-ed）例句：They watched a movie last night.3. 现在进行时主语 + be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词ing形式（注意变动词尾部的拼写规则）例句：I am studying for the exam.4. 一般将来时主语 + will + 动词原形例句：They will go to the beach tomorrow.5. 现在完成时主语 + have/has + 过去分词例句：She has already finished her homework.6. 过去完成时主语 + had + 过去分词例句：They had left before I arrived.7. 一般条件句主语 + 动词原形（条件从句用一般现在时）例句：If it rains, we will stay at home.8. 过去条件句主语 + 动词过去式 (条件从句用一般过去时)例句：If I had known, I would have helped.9. 祈使句动词原形（谓语动词第二人称和第三人称单数需在动词后加-s）例句：Open the door, please.10. 被动语态主语 + be动词 (am/is/are/was/were) + 过去分词例句：The book was written by him.二、形容词变形规则1. 原级形容词形容词的原形例句：She is beautiful.2. 比较级形容词形容词 + er（部分形容词需双写末尾字母再加er）例句：This car is faster than that one.3. 最高级形容词形容词 + est（部分形容词需双写末尾字母再加est）例句：He is the tallest person in the room.4. 原级否定形容词not + 形容词原级例句：The weather is not hot today.5. 比较级否定形容词not + 形容词比较级例句：She is not taller than her sister.6. 最高级否定形容词not + 形容词最高级例句：It is not the most expensive item in the store.三、副词变形规则1. 原级副词副词的原形例句：He sings well.2. 比较级副词副词 + er（部分副词需双写末尾字母再加er）例句：She speaks louder than before.3. 最高级副词副词 + est（部分副词需双写末尾字母再加est）例句：She ran the fastest in the race.4. 原级否定副词not + 副词原级例句：He does not always arrive on time.5. 比较级否定副词not + 副词比较级例句：I do not run faster than him.6. 最高级否定副词not + 副词最高级例句：It is not the most effectively written article.四、名词变形规则1. 单数名词名词的原形例句：The cat is sleeping.2. 复数名词名词 + s或es（部分名词需变换拼写规则）例句：The dogs are playing in the park.3. 不可数名词名词的原形（不变）例句：I need some water.4. 名词所有格名词 + 's例句：This is Sarah's book.五、代词变形规则1. 主格人称代词I / you / he / she / it / we / they例句：He is my friend.2. 宾格人称代词me / you / him / her / it / us / them例句：She gave it to me.3. 形容词性物主代词my / your / his / her / its / our / their例句：This is my book.4. 名词性物主代词mine / yours / his / hers / its / ours / theirs 例句：The pen is mine.六、冠词变形规则1. 定冠词the例句：The sun is shining.2. 不定冠词a / an例句：I bought a new car.七、连词变形规则1. 并列连词and / but / or例句：I like tea and coffee.2. 引导状语从句的连词if / unless / when / while / although例句：I will go if it doesn't rain.3. 引导目的状语从句的连词so that / in order to例句：He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.以上是自考树英语二高频变形规则表，希望对你的学习有所帮助。
基本句型四讲解,及句子拓展
昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March. 老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。
这种句型还可转换为其他两种பைடு நூலகம்型：(1)及物动词＋宾语＋ for sb.；(2)及物动词＋宾语＋to sb.。如：
可得到：
a. The small boy in_red_sweater cried. (画线部分
为定语)
b. Losing_sight_of_his_mother,_the small boy in red sweater cried in_the_crowded_street. (画线部分为 状语)
for students. (画线部分为状语)
简单句扩展后，增加了可读性，使读者知道了更多
的信息，增强了感染力。
按要求对下列句子进行拓展 1. The woman handed me a magazine. (至少含有一个
不定式短语，一个现在分词短语)
In order to help me kill the time, the old woman ______________________________________________
【例2】对We found the great hall full of students and teachers.(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语)一句进行扩展， 可得到： a. We found the great hall full of students and
teachers listening_to_an_important_report. ( 画线部分
2. Students buy books. (至少含有非谓语动词、介词 短语和从句作定语) The diligent students in our class often buy some _____________________________________________ books written in English on science, which are really ___________________________________________
浅说基本句型的扩展
浅说基本句型的扩展河北省永年县第八中学赵现国我们所学过的五种基本句型（即：主语+不及物动词；主语+及物动词+宾语；主语+连系动词+表语；主语+及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语；主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语等五种）只是句子的基本框架，在实际应用中，为能更完整、更生动地表达更复杂的意思，我们常常需要将句子在基本框架的基础之上进行扩展，这样才能使好似骨架的基本句型形成完整的有血有肉的句子。
那么如何扩展呢？常见的方法有两种：一增加修饰成分：修饰成分包括定语和状语两种。
1定语：定语主要用来修饰名词和代词。
它可由单个词如形容词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词、指示代词、副词、数词、名词所有格、现在分词、过去分词或名词等来充当，也可以由短语如：介词短语、副词短语、不定式短语、分词短语等和从句来充当。
定语的位置有两种：①前置②后置。
一般情况下单词作定语应放到被修饰词之前，即前置定语；短语和从句作定语，应放到被修饰词之后，来充当后置定语。
如：two interesting stories told by our English teachera friend of Jim’s mother’sthe little lovely restaurant by the seathe university student in red sitting beside Tomboth the two disappointed girlsthe man who is speaking to our English teacher使用定语时应特别注意以下几点：★如果名词前有多个词充当定语，一般可以按照“先笼统后具体，先客观后主观，先短后长”的原则排列。
如：a nice new bike ,a long interesting book★具体地说不同词类充当名词的定语时一般可依据下面的次序排列：⑴不定代词、指示代词、名词性所有格、冠词、物主代词等限定词。
校本讲义（2）MicrosoftWord文档
校本讲义（2）MicrosoftWord⽂档江苏省黄桥中学校M10U2本讲义（2）Reading1 expand vi./ vt. expansion n.1）使膨胀Metals expand when they are heated. ⾦属遇热膨胀。
2）扩张, 发展; The business has expanded from having one office to having twelve.这个公司已从⼀个分公司发展到拥有12个分公司了。
Our students' vocabulary expands through reading. 学⽣的词汇量通过阅读扩⼤。
3）expand on/upon sth 详述，详细阐明Could you expand on that point, please? 你能详细阐明那要点吗？2 commit vt. committed committed committing1）犯(错误), ⼲(坏事) commit a crime犯罪commit an error做错事commit suicide⾃杀2）承诺, 保证He would not commit himself in any way. 他不愿作任何承诺。
commit sb/oneself (to sth/doing sth) 专⼼致志于He is committing himself to working for the preventing the spread of Aids.3）commitment n. 承诺, 允诺make a commitment to do sth 承诺做某事3The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) defines intellectual property as ideas, which include inventions, writing, artwork, symbols and designs used in business. (P62)①分析句⼦结构：which⾮限制性定语从句；used in business过去分词做定语②翻译句⼦：世界知识产权组织(WIPO)将知识产权定义为智⼒创造成果, 包括发明, 著作, 艺术品和商业中使⽤的标志和设计。
高二册9—12课语言要点归纳与扩展_1
高二册９—１２课语言要点归纳与扩展导读：本文高二册９—１２课语言要点归纳与扩展，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
The students are preparing for the sports meet.=The students are getting ready for the sports meet.=The students are making preparations for the sports meet.We're preparing to go on a holiday to Beijing next week.Yesterday when he came to see me, I was preparing mylessons.We should prepare the children for the examination. 我们应该使孩子们对考试有思想准备。
Jack is preparing himself to sit for the examination. 杰克正在准备参加考试。
You must be prepared to take the work.九、reach v. &n.（1）reach（更正式）＝arrive in/at＝get to（2）reach＋地点状语（介词短语充当）"扩展（延伸）到……"（3）reach sb.送达某人手里（4）reach sth.够到什么（5）reach (out)(sth.) for sth.（6）within one's reach＝within the reach of sb.某人能够到……（7）out of one's reach＝out of the reach of sb.某人够不到……［考例］—Where is the new dictionary?—It's on the top shelf, out of_________.A.reachB.sightC.touchD.order （'97海淀模拟）The banana was out of the monkey's reach.The sound reached to the back of the hall.Your letter reached me this morning.I can't reach the book on the shelf. Can you help me?He reached (out) for a piece of cake.The beggar reached out his hand for money.感谢阅读，希望能帮助您！。
简单句的扩展与长难句式的解析
2.5 同位语
William Shakespeare, the great English dramatist, wrote many world-famous dramas.
The Olympian athletic festival was held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods.
I need a book dealing with anti-pollution problems.
Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence.
2. 简单句式的扩展
2.1 主语的扩展 The need for information is of great importance. The first shelters or homes actually built by man
were very simple. The differences in relative growth of various areas of
She walked up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and keeping a sharp lookout for bargains.
2.3 宾语的扩展
Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown.
scientific research have several causes. Both the intelligence and diligence of students and
第三节英语写作中 基本句型的扩展
Expanding with Modifier Words
如果句子中同时有几个副词作修饰语，其 位置应按以下顺序排列：
程度副词方式副词地点副词时 间副词。 1. All the members of the project group discussed the research schedule quite carefully in the laboratory last weekend.
Expanding with Prepositional Phrases 1. With great feeling, Martin Luther King, Jr. expressed his dream of freedom. 2. I read the original edition of the book for the purpose of improving my English reading and writing proficiency. 3. Doctors were in great need during wartime.
Coordination
1. Expanding with Compound Sentences (1) Compound Sentences with Coordinators (2) Compound Sentences with Conjunctive Adverbs (3) Compound Sentences with a Semicolon 2. Expanding with Parallelism
Expanding with Modifier Words
1. Lisa gave us a special gift: a bowl that she had made in pottery class. 2. I have something particular to ask you. 3. The story was fabricated and completely untrue. 4. Reluctantly, I agreed to rewrite the proposal.
课堂拓展笔记U2
Unit TwoMarch 10 Wednesday1. go hungry挨饿There are a large number of children in the world who are still going hungry.Some children are even dying of hunger. 一些孩子甚至濒临饿死。
2. pass on … to …传递。
People do volunteer work to pass on kindness and love to others.3. V olunteering makes the world a warm place to live.4. care for=take care of=look after照顾care for 照顾；喜欢；关心（至少三个意思）Would you care for a cup of milk tea? 你喜欢奶茶吗？（要不要来一杯？）Your parents are the ones who most care for you. 父母是这世上最关心你的人。
比较：care about 关心；在乎/在意；担心（有重合的意思）What I only care about is my grades. 我只在乎我的成绩。
I don’t care about his opinions. 我才不在乎他是什么意见呢。
Some people don’t care about their clothes. 有些人不讲究衣着。
5. The village is no longer what it used to be years ago. 这个村庄再也不是多年前的样子了。
6. How soon is the Clean-Up Day?It is in two weeks. It is two weeks from now. It is two weeks away.7. put up notices/signs/tents张贴通知/张贴标志/搭帐篷8. Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.今日事今日毕。
五种基本句型及其扩展
五种基本句型及其扩展（共9页）（本文是魔方英语语法系列文章之二，节选自高伟《魔方英语语法》第一章第五节.五种基本句型及其扩展。
）学习基本句型的关键是抓住动词：五种基本句型的不同源于动词的不同，反过来说，五种动词可以扩展为相应的基本句型。
下边的1和2分别讲解这两句话。
1.按照动词后所跟不同成分，分为五种动词。
(1)按照能否加形容词，把动词分为系动词和实义动词。
①系动词能加形容词，构成第一种基本句型：主语+系动词+表语。
②实义动词不能加形容词，实义动词与其所加成分构成第二/三/四/五种基本句型。
(2)按照能否加宾语，把实义动词分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）。
①不及物动词（vi.），不能加宾语，构成第二种基本句型。
②及物动词（vt.），能加宾语，又细分为三种：如果加单宾语，则构成第三种基本句型：主语+谓语+宾语；如果加双宾语，则构成第四种基本句型：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；如果加复合宾语，则构成第五种基本句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
以上内容，也可以表示为下图：注：1.双及物动词即“跟双宾语的及物动词”，复合及物动词即“跟复合宾语的及物动词”。
第 章 标题 第 节 标题2.关于动词分类的更多内容，可参看第五章第一节。
2.五种动词扩展为五种基本句型。
即，动词+表语/宾语等 动词短语 +主语 基本句型。
如右表所示，3.五种基本句型扩展或转换为千姿百态的句子。
或者反过来说，英语中千姿百态的句子都是由基本句型变来的。
（1）基本句型，是指没有修饰成分的、正常语序的简单陈述句。
这个定义有四层含义：①简单句，是指不是并列句和复合句。
②陈述句，是指不是疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
③没有修饰成分，是指没有定语和状语等。
④正常语序，是指没有倒装与省略。
（2）基本句型的扩展和转换。
右列中，①③是基本句型的扩展。
②④是基本句型的转换。
就像数学公式一样，循环使用这些扩展和转换，就由基本句型产生了各种各样的句子以及所谓的长难句。
初二下U2词句精讲精练
Unit2Traveling词句精讲精练词汇精讲1.joinjoin是动词，意为“参加，加入”。
宾语有以下几种形式：(1)join+表示团体或组织的名词，join意为“加入（某团体），成为……（成员）”。
例如：Yao Ming joined the NBA.姚明加入了NBA。
(2)join+指人的名词或代词，join意为“加入……之中”。
例如：Will you join us for lunch?和我们一起吃午饭好吗？(3)join+in+活动类名词，join in意为“参加（活动）。
”例如：Can you join in the game?你能参加这个游戏吗？2.excited/excitingexciting是形容词，意为“令人兴奋的”，一般用来说明事物的特征。
例如：I like football.I think it’s very exciting.我喜欢足球。
我认为它非常令人兴奋。
excited也是形容词，意为“感到兴奋的”，一般用来说明人的感受。
例如：He is very excited at the news.因为那个消息他很兴奋。
【拓展】英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。
而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：boring令人厌烦的interesting令人感兴趣的moving令人感动的bored（人）感到厌烦的interested（人）感兴趣的moved（人）感动的tiring令人厌倦的surprising令人惊讶的tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的surprised（人）感到惊讶的3.whole/allwhole和all都可作形容词，都有“整个的，完全的”之意，但用法不同。
(1)whole“全部的，全体的”：1)用在表示整体的单数名词前：限定词+whole+单数名词例如：the whole year2)可接复数名词：限定词+whole+of+复数名词例如：the whole of students3)whole不能修饰不可数名词或物质名词，不能说the whole water(2)all“全，都”：1)用在表示整体的单数名词前，all+限定词+单数名词例如：all the year2)可接复数名词，all+限定词+复数名词例如：all the students3)all能用于各种情况例如：all the water所有的水【注意】当whole和all与复数名词连用时，whole强调“完整的；整体的”，而all强调“所有的”。
英语五种句型及其扩大与转换-精讲版
表状态转变 Become/grow/get/turn/fall/go/come As time went on he grew more and more impatient. Helen became famous.
The milk turned sour in the heat.
The handle has come loose.
宾语从句 I know (that) he worked out the problem. I don’t know whether/if he worked out the problem. I want to know how he worked out the problem.
表语从句
The fact is that he worked out the problem. The question is whether (if Ⅹ) he worked out the problem. The question is how worked out the problem.
表感官（看/听/闻/尝/感觉起来…+似乎…） Feel/look/sound/taste/smell 看/听/闻/尝/感觉起来… 通常用于以下三类结构 (a) She looks happy. 她看上去很高这酒的味道像水一样.
(c) The singer sounds as though/if she's got a sore throat . 这歌手的声音听起来好像她嗓子疼.
名词性从句 (主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句)
名词性从句的不同类型源于同一种从句在句子所充当的功能不同
名词性从句的引导词 （that+whether/if+特殊疑问词） （引导词必须跟后面引导的部分一起读 举例）
英语基本句型及其扩展
He looks well. It sounds nice. The cotton feels（摸起来） soft. The egg smells bad.
1.6 There be 句型 此句型为：There be +主语+状语。表示存在关系“......有
.......”。 be动词应与其后的主语在人称和数量上保持一致，有时态和 情态的变化。
She passed a new dress （动宾）to him（介宾） . She bought a dictionary for her. She made a cake for him.
to：侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，对着，向着某人。
for：侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。
1.5 S+V+C.（系动词）（主语+谓语+表/主语补足语）
1.4 S+Vt.+Oi+Od（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）
谓语动词后面必须有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾 语一个是动作的直接承受者（物），另一个是动作的间接承受 者（人）。rob sb. of sth. steal sth. from sb
She passed him a new dress. She bought her a dictionary. She made him a cake.
系动词不能表达完整的意思，必须添加一个表明主语 身份或状态的成分。
1）be动词：本身没有意义，只起到连系主语和表语 的作用。 2）感官动词：look smell feel sound taste等。+形容词
3）表示变化的动词：become go turn grow get等。+ 形容词
必修二Unit1_Unit2期末考点复习-2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末专项复习译林版2
专题01 选择性必修二Unit1~Unit2期末考点复习-2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末专项复习（译林版2020）1.extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展-----extension n.延长;延期;扩大-------extensive adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的2.critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的--------critically adv.危急地;批评性地----criticism n.批评;责备;评论---------criticize v.批评;评论3.construction n.建筑,建造;建造物---------constructive adj.建设性的------ under construction正在建设中4.minor adj .轻微的,次要的-----------minority n.少数派;少数民族---------in the minority 占少数5.investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查--------investigation n.调查;科学研究------investigative adj.侦查的------investigator n.调查者;侦查员6.priority n.优先事项.首要事情;优先权,重点---------prior adj.优先的;在前面的-----------be prior to.........优先于............7.contradict vt.相矛盾.相反:反驳.驳斥--------contradictory adj.相互矛盾的------contradiction n.矛盾;反驳8.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成--------conclude v.总结----------in conclusion 总而言之9.minimum n最小值,最少量adj.最低的,最小的--------minimize v.使最小化10.maximum n.最大量,最大限度adj.最高的,最多的-----------maximize v.使最大化11.accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的--------accurately adv.精确地,准确地----------- accuracy n.精确,准确12.discrimination n.辨别力;识别力;歧视,区别对待-------discriminate v.歧视;区别;辨别13.curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品---------curious adj.好奇的,求知欲强的--------curiously adv.好奇地------out of curiosity出于好奇心mitment n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费-------commit vt.承诺,保证;犯(罪);花(钱或时间) vi.全身心投人;忠于------committed adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的--------be committed to doing sth致力于做某事15.found vt.创建,创办;建立,兴建-------foundation n.基础;地基;基金会;根据---------founder n.创始人;建立者16.politics n.政治,政治事务:(个人的)政治观点,政见----------political adj.政治的;党派的-------politically adv.政治上----------politician n.政治家17.interaction n.互动;互相作用-------interact v.互相影响;互相作用18.persuade vt.说服;使信服------persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰-------persuasive adj.有说服力的------persuade sb into doing sth劝说某人做某事-------persuade sb out of doing sth劝说某人不要做某事19.psychology n.心理,心理特征;心理学----------psychological adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的----psychologist n.心理学家,心理学研究者20.absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;---------absorbed adj.全神贯注的,一心一意的--------be absorbed in doing sth忙于做....21.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑----------amusement n.消遣,娱乐;乐趣-------amusing adj.有趣的,好玩的;引人发笑的--amused adj.逗乐的,觉得好笑的短语汇总：1.leave sb. trapped 使某人被困2.break out 爆发战争3.in a critical condition 情况危急4.suffer minor injuries 受轻伤5.go off 铃响；爆炸；（电器）停止运转；对…失去兴趣6.rely on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事e about 发生8.It is advisable to… 做…是明智的9.take …as a example 以…为例10.in a more comprehensive way 以一种更全面的方式11.contradict each other 相互矛盾12.in terms of 就…而言13.differ in 在……方面存在不同14.rush to the conclusion 急于下结论15.bring sth. to light 揭露16.vary between …and… 在…和…之间变化17.sum up 总结，总之18.from various perspectives 从不同视角19.be committed to 致力于20.with great discrimination 有着明辨是非的潜力21.be involved in 参与，包含22.give an accurate account of 对…作出准确描述23.be sensitive to 对…敏感24.accuse…of… 指控某人某事25.shoot up 猛长26.mount up 上升27.regard sth. as sth. 认为…是…28.have a influence/effect/impart on sth.对…有影响29.build sb’s reputation 树立某人名声30.spring up 突然兴起31.make a hit 大获成功32.interact with 与……互动33.in short 简而言之34.refer to 查阅，指代35.in other words 换而言之unch a advertising campaign 发起一个广告活动37.persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做…38.a variety of 各种各样的39.get across 被传达，被理解40.be absorbed in 专心致志做…41.brighten up 使增添乐趣一、词汇拼写1. C__________ thinking is to think logically and develop an ability to ask questions or ask for evidence for a particular subject.2. We are advised to walk and play in the surrounding countryside to r_________ stress.3. If you are t__________ in the elevator, please press the button immediately.4. The twins look alike, but they d___________ greatly in personality.5. Nowadays the __________(优先事项) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.6. The museum plans to __________ (延长) its opening hours to make it more convenient for tourists to visit it.7. A good__________(新闻记者) needs to be curious and can acquire information by asking many different questions.8. Some people believe the news released on the print media is usually more__________(精确的) and reliable.9. The animals can choke or starve after becoming t__________ by fishing ropes or nets.10. F___________ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.11. In the last ten years, the whole world has w_________ China's amazing achievements in reducing poverty.12. Better___________(互动) between teachers and students can promote the effectiveness of the class to an extent.13. Most __________(职业) in the medical field require years of training.14. I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to you on receiving the___________(奖学金)to the university.15. It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I p________ something.16. The company employed clever tricks to p____________ people to buy their products andmanaged to make a fortune.17. The book referred to by the__________(心理学) expert teaches you how to find what is causing the stress in your life.18. Two lawyers have donated $ 50,000 to __________(赞助) our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”.19. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues__________(amuse)with her stories.20. You will _________ (automatic) get free dental treatment if you are under 18.21. His public speeches are in direct _________ to his personal lifestyle.22. The letter wasn't addressed to me but I opened it out of _________ (curious).23. Only a _________ (minor)of children are fond of natural scenery while most of them like amusement parks.24. The new airport under_________ lies in the south of the city.25. Your student ID card will be provided to you by your____________（系）.【答案】1-5 critical relieve trapped differ priority6-10 extend journalist accurate trapped founded11-15 witnessed interactiom professions scholarship purchase16-20 persuade psychological sponsor amused automaticly21-25 contradiction curiosity minority construction department二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _________(do) for me.2. - Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?- We _________ (be) busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.3. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son _________ (graduate) from college.4. Experiments of this kind _________ (conduct) in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War.5. We found that the least well-liked teens _________ (become) more aggressive over time towards their classmates.6. As soon as he saw the photos, he realized why he _________ (fail) to spot the caldera.7. It was the last time that he _________ (meet) his father.8. He said on the phone that he _________ (arrive) in London.9.Joseph Pulitzer ___________(bear) on April 10, 1847, in Hungary.10.He became an American citizen in 1860s. By then he ___________(learn) very little English.11.Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25, he ______________(become) a publisher.12.One year after Pulitzer’s death, the Columbia School of Journalism ___________(establish).13.Pulitzer was the first _____________(advocate) the training of journalists at university level.14. The New York World ____________(buy) by Pulitzer in 1883.15.By the time the group of young men _________(get) to the cinema, the film had begun.16.The manager _____________(tell)workers how to improve the program these days.17.He hoped he ____________(give) a more suitable job the next year.have won more than once.【答案】1-5 had done had been had graduated had been graduatd had become6-10 had failed had met had arrived was born had learnt11-15 had become was eatablished to advocate was bought got16-18 has been telling would be given was awarded三、语篇填空Mary families in the United States have a ___61____(large) income now than ever before, but people are finding ____62____ difficult to make ends meet anyway.___63___ isn’t a dollar worth as much as it used to be? Economists say that the cost of living is themoney that a family must pay ____64____ the necessities of life. For many years now, the cost of living has increased ____65____(great), so the value of the dollar has decreased.No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps ____66____(increase), but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go ____67____. At the same time, if there’s a ____68____(short) of goods, the prices also increase.Families need to know ____69____ happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. Budgeting ____70____(help) you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.【答案】rger 37. it 38. Why 39. for 40. greatly 41. increasing42. up 43. shortage 44. what 45. Helps词汇拓展：1.participate vi. 参加，参与participant n.参加者，参与者participation n.参加participate in........ 参加..........pete vi. 参加比赛，竞争，比赛，角逐，对抗competition n. 竞争，比赛，角逐competitor n. 竞争者，比赛者competitive adj. 有竞争力的compete for.........为了........竞争compete in.........在......中竞争3.diverse adj. 各种各样的，五花八门的，不同的，相异的diversity n. 多样性，多元化，差异性，不同a diversity of ... =a variety of..............各种各样的…...4.motivate vt. 激发，激励，驱使，成为......的动机，给与动机motivation n. 动力，积极性，成功的决心，动机，激励5.proceed vi. 接着做，继而做，(尤指停止后)继续行进，前进，进行，从事，起诉proceed to do sth 继续做某事6.applaud vt. & vi. 赞同，认可，称赞，赞扬，鼓掌applause n.鼓掌7.consistent adj. 前后一致的，始终如一的，连续的，稳定的，平稳的be consistent with ... 与…...一致；与…...相符8.trend n. 趋势，趋向，动向，走向，时髦，时尚=tendency n.趋势have a trend to do sth有做某事的趋向9.faith n.have faith in sb 信任某人10.ambition n. 追求的目标，野心，雄心ambitious adj.有抱负的11.gradually adv. 渐渐地gradual adj.逐渐的12.opponent n. 对手，反对者opposed adj.反对的be opposed to doing sth反对做某事13.handle vt. 应付，处理n. 柄，把手，拉手fly off the handle 勃然大怒，大发雷霆14.remark n. 评论；议论，谈论，言论vi. & vt. 评论remarkable adj. 显著的make a remark on........ 对.....做出评价15.towel n. 毛巾vt. 用毛巾擦拭throw in the towel 认输，承认失败16.cruel adj. 残忍的，冷酷的cruelty n. 残忍17.advent n. 到来，出现，来临with the advent of ......... 随着.........的到来短语汇总：12.in the hope of 带着……的希望13.participate in 积极参加14.die out 灭绝15.bring…back to life 使…重获新生16.make joint efforts 共同努力17.be motivated by 被…所激励18.in the process 在过程中19.proceed to 继续，接着从事…20.as if 好像，似乎21.give birth to 生下（孩子）22.call on sb. to邀请、号召、请求某人做某事23.in addition to 除…以外24.historic moment 历史性时刻25.a wide range of 各种各样的26.the majority of 大多数27.be identical to 与…完全相同28.reflect on 反思ck of 缺乏30.get through 通过，完成，熬过困难时期，接通电话31.take one’s place 取代，就位，就座32.walk on air 得意洋洋33.be lost in 沉浸在，迷失在…中34.keep sth. in perspective 正确而客观地看待35.in praise of 表彰，表扬36.without hesitation 毫不犹豫37.find one’s way into 偶然遇到38.move the goalposts 在过程中改变条件（或规则）39.score an own goal 过乌龙球40.a ballpark estimate 大致的估计41.throw sb. a curveball42.make a attempt to 试图做……43.below the belt 不公正的44.throw in the towel 认输45.make it 成功一、用单词的适当形式填空1. There is a need for greater _________ (diverse) and choice in education.2. There is now intense _________ (compete) between schools to attract students.3. They greeted the professor with thunderous _________ (applaud).4. How many candidates are standing for _________ (elect)?5. Everything he writes _________ (demonstrate) the depth of his sensibility.6. We encourage students to participate fully _________ the running of the college.7. The plan is designed to motivate employees _________ (work) more efficiently.8. He was studying hard _________ the hope of being admitted to an engineering college.9. Television companies are racing to be the first _________ (screen) his life story.10. Last Sunday, my classmates and I came to the nearby library to read books, but only to be told that it_________ (decorate).【答案】1.diversity2. competition3. applause4. election5.demonstrates6.in7. to work8. in9. to screen 10. was being decorated二、单句语法填空1. She _________ (gradual)foughtherwaytothetopofthecompany.2. She accepted the criticism _________ quiet dignity.3. There's a limit _________ how much I'm prepared to spend.4. He had a small mouth and round pink _________ (cheek).5. Although he's only _________ amateur, he’s a first - class master.7. I _________ (hope)tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage, butIcouldn't manage it.8. WhenIgottohishouse, Ifoundthatthewalls _________ (paint).9. An incredible tree - house restaurant _________ (complete) by the end of last mont and a large crowdof people went there for meals.10. Trees _________ (plant) by them at this time yesterday.【答案】1.gradually2. with3.to4. cheeks5..an6.pours7.had hoped8. were being painted9. had been completed 10.were being planted。
简单句基本句型扩展
Some grandparents spoil their grandchildren r_a_t_h_e_r _t_h_a_n__lo_v_e___them.
整理课件
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增加修饰成分
在基本句型中我们还可以增加各类修饰语 来对简单句加以扩展。修饰语包括定语、状语 和同位语。例如：
增加_____并__列__句__子____;
(2) All work and no play makes Jack a dull
boy. 增加__并__列__成_分_____;
(3) A friend in need is a friend indeed.
增加__修__饰__成_分___(定__语__/_状_语__/_同_位__语__);
生命是有限的，而知识是无限的。
Life is limited, _w_h_i_l_e_ _k_n_o_w__le_d__g_e ___is____ _u_n__li_m__it_e_d_. 并列句子
即：简单句+并列连词+简单句 如：I am a slow walker, but I never walk backwards .
间状语和-ing短语)
_M__a_n_y_ _y_e_a_r_s_ _a_g_o__, there was an old
carpenter __li_v_i_n_g_ in整理t课h件 is cottage.
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3. 由于被同学们取笑，他在学校一点也不开 心。(用-ed分词短语)
__L__a_u_gh_e_d___a_t_b_y__h_i_s __c_l_a_ss_m_a_t_e_s, he is not happy at all at school.
初中英语第二册重点句型大回放试题
初中英语第二册重点句型大回放重温重点句型1．So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．〔L57〕前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人〔物〕时，常用到这种倒装构造，表示“另一人〔物〕也如此。
〞前面陈述的否认情况也适于另一人〔物〕时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．〞这种倒装构造。
例如：He likes playing basketball, and so do I.他喜欢打篮球，我也喜欢。
Kate can’t speak Chin ese, and I neither/ nor can Jim．凯特不会说汉语。
吉姆也不会。
注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．〞这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“确实如此。
〞“是呀。
〞例如：一Basketball is very popular game in America．篮球在HY是一项很受欢送的运动。
一So it is．确实如此。
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…cro ssing.〔L61〕这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／……个十字路口向右／左拐。
〞相当于Take the first ／second／…turning on the right／left. 例如：一Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office？你能告诉我去最近的邮局的路吗？一Walk along this road，and turn left at the third crossing.沿着这条路走，在第三个路口向左拐。
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．〔L62〕此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间是。
〞其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式〔短语〕才是真正的主语。
例如：It took me half an hour to finish the hard work．完成这项艰巨的工作花了我半个小时。
大学英语作文句型扩充技巧
大学英语作文句型扩充技巧导语：对于一些简单句，我们可以适当扩充，把它优化成一个比较复杂的句子，不仅可以增加作文的字数，还可以令老师刮目相看哦。
下面分享作文句型扩充技巧，欢迎参考!1、把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语，这个技巧并不是那么容易掌握，但是确实是一个能够提高写组成绩的非常实用的技巧。
例如：Weak: The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab.Revision: The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape. (转换为前置定语)Or: The landscape, bare and brown, begged for spring green. (转换为并列构造作后置定语)2、将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。
例如：1) Weak: The team members are good players.Revision: The team members play well.2) Weak: One worker's plan is the elimination of tardiness.Revision: One worker's plan eliminates tardiness.3、在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中，把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。
例如：1) Weak: There is no opportunity for promotion.Revision: No opportunity for promotion exists.2) Weak: Here are the books you ordered.Revision: The books you ordered have arrived.例如：1、Poor: My supervisor went past my desk.Better: My supervisor sauntered (=walked slowly) pastmy desk.2、Poor: She is a careful shopper.Better: She pares prices and quality.例如：1、Weak: The organization has been supported by charity.Better: Charity has supported the organization.2、Weak: The biscuits were stacked on a plate.Better: Mother stacked the biscuits on a plate.例如：1、Wordy: My little sister has a preference for chocolate milk.Improved: My little sister prefers chocolate milk.2、Wordy: We are in receipt of your letter and intendto follow your remendations.Improved: We have received your letter and intended to follow your remendation.3、Redundant: We had a serious crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.。
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? (2)科技的发展不仅改变了我们的工作方式， 而且也改变了我们的思维方式。(not only…but also)
The development of technology has_n_o_t_ _o_n_ly___changed __o_u_r _ _w_a_y_ _o_f_ _w_o_r_k_i_n_g_, b_u_t__ _a_ls_o__changed _o_u_r_ _w_a_y_ _o_f_ _t_h_in_k_i_n.g
The development of technology has changed our _w_a_y_ _o_f__ _c_o_m_m__u_n_ic_a_t_in_g__, _w__a_y _o_f_ _le_a_r_n_in_g_,, and even the way__o_f_ __w_o_r_k_i_n_g_.
__a_n_d__ then ___le_f_t__the hotel.
? 5. You have to hand in your report. ? 不是你就是他得把报告交上来。(either…or) ___E_it_h_e_r___you __o_r_he __h_a_s_ to hand in the report.
? (2)我哥哥的努力和才能给他带来了名声和财富。 (as well as)
My brother's efforts and ____t_a_le_n_tbrought him wealth ___as___ ___w__el_l__ ____a_s___ ____fa_m__e__.
? 4. The man finished his meal. ? 那人吃完饭，结了账，然后就离开了酒店。(and) The man finished his meal, ___p_a_id_ ___th_e_ ___b_il_l,
基本句型的扩展(Ⅰ)
前面所讲英语的六种基本句型只是英语句 子的最基本框架，要表达千差万别、丰富多彩 的思想内容，仅仅依靠这样几个简单的句子框 架显然是不够的。如果我们以这些基本句型为 基础，对句子加以扩展，就可以增大信息量, 使 句子表达手段得更加丰富，从而满足我们对各 种复杂内容表达的需要。
英语句型扩展的手段主要有三种： (1)增加 并列成分；(2)增加修饰成分； (3)使用各类从句。
增加并列成分
英语句子中的任何一个成分都可以增 加一个或多个并列成分，从而使句子变得 长而复杂。例如：
John visited a farm.
这是一个典型的 SVO(主谓宾 ) 句型， 通过增加并列成分可扩展为：
John, Mike and their classmates went to the countryside and visited a farm and a nursing home.
? 6. Some grandparents spoiled their grandchildren.
? 有些爷爷奶奶不是爱而是娇惯他们的孙子。 (rather than)
Some grandparents spoil their grandchildren
r_a_th_e_r_ _t_h_a_n__ _lo_v_e__them.
I bought her a birthday present but she doesn't like it . 我给她买了份生日礼物 但她不喜欢。 [ 简单句（主+谓+宾+宾补） +并列连词but+ 简单句（主+谓+宾）]
常用并列连词有 and, or, so, but, not only …but also, both …and, either …or, neither …nor, rather than, as well as 等。
话题写作
(2014湖南)学校正在组织科技创新大赛, 你想 为日常生活中的某件物品（如钢笔、书包、 鞋子……）设计添加新功能来参赛。请以 “My Magic”为题写一篇英语短文, 介绍你 的创意。主要内容: 1. 说明设计理由。 2. 介绍新功能。 注意：1. 词数100左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。
? 2. Tom didn't go to school yesterday. ? (1)汤姆昨天没有上学，也没有完成作业。
(neither…nor) Tom __n_e_it_h_e_r _went to school __n_o_r_ __d_i_d___his
homework yesterday. ? (2)汤姆和他兄弟昨天都没上学。(neither…nor) _N__e_it_h_e_r _Tom ___n_o_r__his brother __w__e_n_t to school
Байду номын сангаас
即学即用
?下列句子只给出了主干句型，请依据所给中文和 括弧里的英语提示扩展下列句子。 (一空一词)
? 1. The development of technology has changed our way of communicating.
? (1)科技的发展改变了我们交流的方式，学习的 方式，甚至工作的方式。(and)
yesterday.
? 3. My brother's efforts brought him success. ? (1)我哥哥的努力不仅带给了他名声，也带给了
他财富。(both…and)
My brother's efforts brought him___b_o_th___f_a_maend __w__ea_l_th____.
句 中 Mike and their classmates 是 John 的并列主语，went to the countryside 是visited的并列谓语，a nursing home是a farm 的并列宾语。
并列的成分也可以是句子，构成并列句。 即：简单句+并列连词+简单句
如：I help her and she helps me . 我 帮助她，她帮助我。 [简单句（主 +谓+宾） +并列连词and+ 简单句（主+谓+宾）]