国际贸易实务chapter 1 Introductin
《国际贸易务(双语)》三习题库
《国际贸易实务（双语）》三习题库第一章国际贸易简介Chapter 1 A Brief Introduction to International Trade预习题1. What is international trade?2. Why do nations trade?练习题3. What are the differences between international trade and domestic trade?4. P17-20 专业术语、课后练习复习题5. What are the characteristics of international trade？6. What are the forms of international trade？7. Useful certificates for your future job-hunting.第二章进出口交易的一般程序General Procedure of International Trade一、国际贸易的基本流程Basic procedure of international trade预习题：1. Suppose you are an exporter, what will you do before you enter into a business with a trade partner?2.我国某出口公司与香港C公司签订了一笔总值25万美元销售猪肉的合同,FOB青岛,目的港韩国釜山,付款方式为D/A远期120天办理托收。
该出口公司按规定的装运期限装运货物后,通过中国银行办理托收手续。
中国银行委托香港南洋商业银行为代收行向香港C公司收款。
单据到香港后,C公司即承兑赎单,又以原提单向韩国收货人收取了货款。
香港南洋商业银行在汇票到期时向C公司催促付款,但此时该公司已宣告破产。
经查核C公司在当地注册资本仅15万港元,其财产远远不够抵偿该公司的欠款。
国际贸易-国际贸易实务英文
Culture Problems
Monetary conversion
Trade barriers
1. Inquiry
An enquiry is a request for business information, such as price lists, catalogue, samples, and details about the goods or trade terms. It can be made by either the importer or the exporter. On receiving the enquiry, it is a regular practice that the exporter should reply to it without delay.
1 Resource Acquisition (寻求资源) 2 Benefits Acquisition (追求利润) 3 Diversification (多种经营) 4 Expand sales（扩大销售）
Section Two Problems Concerning International （国际贸易遇到的问题）
III) The offer shall indicate the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance
* This intention may be indicated by terms as “firm” offer, “offer with engagement”, etc.
II) Contents of the offer shall be sufficiently definite, i.e., trade terms of the offer shall be complete, clear and final * The “Convention” stipulates that a sufficiently definite offer should include three basic elements: name, quantity and price * In our foreign trade practice, a complete offer shall include the quality, quantity, packing, price, terms of delivery of the goods and terms of payment.
《国际贸易实务与操作》Chapter 1
2
Section 1 Forms of International Business
Based on the methods of entering a foreign market, international business can be classified into three broad categories: trade, intellectual property rights and international licensing agreements, and foreign direct investment.
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Government Controls over Trade Tariffs are import duties or taxes imposed on goods entering the customs territory of a nation. Nontariff barriers are all barriers to importing or exporting other than tariffs. One form of nontariff barrier is the technical barrier to trade, or product standard． Another type is export control.
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Section 1Forms of International Business
The exchange of technology and manufacturing know-how between firms in different countries through licensing agreements is known as technology transfer. Franchising is a popular form of licensing. The franchisee is allowed to use a trade name or trademark in offering goods or services to the public in return for a royalty based on a percentage of sales or other fee structure.
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第二版)(PPT),帅建林,978-7-5663-0314-1
In contrast, portfolio or indirect investments, are chiefly motivated by short- to medium-term profits. They may include equity investments that do not involve an active role in management or bonds and other debt instruments issued by foreign companies and governments. As financial markets around the world become increasingly integrated in recent years, international portfolio investments have become popular with investors as a vehicle of diversification further hastening the process of international financial integration.
Chapter 1 Introduction-文档资料
The uncle responded to his nephew in a letter dated February 6, 1875 in which he told his nephew that he would fulfill his promise. Story I also stated that he would prefer to wait until his nephew was older before actually handing over the (then) extremely large sum of money (according to an online inflation calculator, $5000 in 1890 would be worth approximately $118,000). The elder Story also declared in his letter that the money owed to his nephew would accrue interest while he held it on his nephew's behalf. The younger Story consented to his uncle's wishes and agreed that the money would remain with his uncle until Story II became older.
William E. Story I died on January 29, 1887 without having transferred any of the money owed to his nephew. Story II had meanwhile transferred the $5,000 financial interest to his wife; Story II's wife had later transferred this financial interest to Louisa Hamer on assignment. The elder Story's estate executor refused to grant Hamer the money, believing there was no binding contract due to a lack of consideration. As a result, Hamer sued the estate's executor, Franklin Sidway.
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第四版)(PPT)ppt
Why trade with other nations?
Advantages
International trade leads to more efficient and increased world production, thus allowing countries (and individuals) to consume a larger and more diverse bundle of goods.
Balance of Payments The balance of payment = the difference between money coming into a country and money going out of the country + money flows coming into or leaving a country from other factors. favorable balance of payments VS unfavorable balance of payments
A nation possessing limited natural resources is able to produce and consume more than it otherwise could.
the establishment of international trade expands the number of potential markets in which a country can sell its goods.
Because the balance of payments is one reflection of a nation's financial stability in the world market, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) uses these accounts to make decisions such as qualifying a country for a loan. The IMF also provides the information to its members so that they can make informed decisions about investments and trade.
英文版国际贸易实务第一课导论ppt
目录CONTENTS
C1 Introduction to International Trade
国际贸易导论
C2 Business Negotiation and Conclusion
of the Contract
交易磋商与合同订立
C3 Quality and Quantity of Goods 商品的品质与数量
• Why do the Japanese and other countries buy wheat, corn, chemical products, aircraft, manufactured goods, and informational services from the United States?
Practice of International Trade Chapter 1
You Are Who You Are
Performance 30%
Attendance 15% Exercises & homework 15%
Final exam 70%
Starting from iPhone………
• Invisible Trade（无形贸易）: Trade in services and technologies
Tangible goods
Intangible services
Case Study
• Suppose that an America-based multinational company set up two subsidiaries in China. The parent company signed a sales contract with the subsidiaries, which stipulated that the parent company would make the delivery to one of the subsidiaries in Shanghai, which should forward some of the goods to another subsidiary at Chengdu.
国际贸易实务01
protect financial stability
for political consideration
key words 1 – tariff barrier
general types of customs tariffs： revenue tariff 财政性关税 protection tariff 保护性关税
invisible hand 无形之手 absolute cost/advantage 绝对成本/优势 ➢ comparative cost/advantage 相对成本/优势 ➢ international specialization 国际分工 factor endowments 要素禀赋
basic reasons for international trade: domestic non-availability of resources principle of comparative advantage
1.1 “resources” & foreign trade
Key words 1: resource (usu. pl.) supply of raw materials, etc. which bring a country, person, etc. wealth. types of resources: ➢ natural resources & human resources ➢ tangible & intangible resources
2. Benefits of International Trade
key words 1: capital goods (生产资料) goods used to produce other goods, e.g. fixed assets like machinery and buildings.
Internationaltrade英语专业专业必修课国际贸易实务英文版课堂笔记整理
Chapter 1 Introduction to International tradeQuestions & Answers (terms)•International trade(the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and/or services across national boundaries）•Trade in goods (the purchase and sale of visible goods:coffee, chemicals, airplanes, textiles, tobacco)&Trade in services(the purchase and sale of invisible goods: transportation, insurance, tourism, hotel accommodations, commerce)•Self-sufficient (someone who does his own hunting, finds his own shelter, and provides for his own needs)•Barter (the trade of goods without any exchange of money)•Balance of trade (a nation’s rel ationship of exports to imports). A favorable balance of trade, or trade surplus, occurs when the value of the country’s expor ts exceeds that of its imports;An unfavorable balance of trade, or trade deficit, occurs when the value of the country’s imports exceeds that of its exports.•Balance of payments [the difference between money coning into a country (from exports) and money going out of the country (for import) plus money flows coming into or leavinga country from other factors such as tourism, foreign aid.BOP=EM-IM+MF]. Afavorable balance of payments means more money is flowing into a country than flowing out;An unfavorable balance of payments is when more money is flowing out ofa country than coming in.•Dumping(the practic of selling products in foreign country at lower prices than those charged in the producing country). Companies use this tactic to reduce surplus products in foreign markets or to gain a foothold in a new market by offering products for lower prices than domestic competitors do.The foundation of international trade and economic activities：In today’s complex economic world, neither individuals nor nations are self-sufficient. Nations have utilized different economic resources; people have developed different skills.Questions & Answers (text)•What are major reasons of the exchange of goods between nations?✧First, no nation has all of the commodities that it needs.✧Second, a country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs.✧Third, one nation can sell some items at a lower cost than other countries.✧Finally, foreign trade takes place because of innovation or style (fashion).•Why is FDI now more important than trade?✧First, FDI enables host country to build a new manufacturing plant and to payworkers to build it.✧Second, once the plant is operative, it provides both jobs and taxes for host country.✧Third, FDI acts as a catalyst (催化剂) in economic growth for host country.•Why inflows into Sub-Saharan Africa have increased?Tourism is the world's largest industry and every year it pumps billions of dollars into some of the poorest countries in the world. It creates jobs, reduces poverty, builds new roads, airports, hotels and hospitals.•What are major obstacles to Chinese foreign trade?✧Firstly, China should deal with pressure from international markets that aregradually becoming saturated（饱和）.✧Secondly, the cost of Chinese exports is increasing, partly because of the highercost of labor and environmental protection.✧Thirdly, increasing international trade protection has caused China to stumble into（陷入）difficult territory.✧Finally, the trade imbalance between China and other countries is getting worse.Chapter 2 Basic Theory of International TradeQuestions & Answers (terms)•Opportunity Cost机会成本：有一得必有一失(the amount of another goods or service that might otherwise have been produced)•Absolute Advantage两者相权取成本低、效率高者[A commodity will be produced in the country where it costs least in terms of resources (capital, land, and labor).] Comparative Advantage两利相权取其重，两劣相权取其轻only one of the goods would work "most best" and "least worse"•What the Theory of C-A Shows if we want to maximize total output in the world then:✧first, fully employ all resources worldwide;✧second, allocate those resources within countries to each country's comparativeadvantage industries;✧third, allow the countries to trade freely .•Specialization (there were some things he was more capable of doing and it would benefit him to concentrate his efforts on the production of those goods in which he was particularly proficient)What are the major benefits of exporting?Why export? Y our general objectives will probably be:➢To increase profitability➢To utilise production capacity to the full➢The small domestic market may not big enough for growth➢You may be manufacturing a specialised product and find there are not enough customers in Sweden➢You may be looking for the increased security your company can achieve by spreading its risks over a variety of markets➢You may want to ensure that your product is kept up to date by exposure to competition in international markets➢It provides scope to develop a company's strengths and abilities. Selling in aninternational environment will sharpen your innovative edge and open up opportunities that might never come your way if you limit yourself to the home market.Michael Porter’s Diamond ModelMichael Porter of the Harvard Business School introduced a new competitiveness theory, the so-called diamond model. He argues that national prosperity is not inherited, but created by choices; in other words, national wealth is not set by factor endowments, but created by strategic choices. He intro duced a concept of “clusters”, or groups of interconnected firms, suppliers,related industries, and institutions that arise in particular locations.1. Firm strategy, Structure and RivalryThe world is dominated by dynamic conditions, and it is direct competition that impels firmsto work for increases in productivity and innovation.2. Demand ConditionsThe more demanding the customers in an economy, the greater the pressure facing firms to constantly to improve their competitiveness via innovative products, through high quality, etc.3. Related Supporting IndustriesUpstream or downstream industries facilitates the exchange of information and promotes a continuous exchange of ideas and innovations.4. Factor ConditionsContrary to conventional wisdoms, Po rter argues that the “key” factors of production (or specialized factors) are created, not inherited. Specialized factors are skilled labor, capital and infrastructure. “Non-key” factors or general use factors, such as unskilled labor and raw materials, can be obtained by any company and, hence, do not generate sustained competitive advantage. However, specialized factors involve heavy, sustained investment. They are more difficult to duplicate. This leads to a competitive advantage, because if other firms cannot easily duplicate these factors, they are valuable.The role of government in Porter’ Diamond Model is “acting as a catalyst and challenger; it is to encourage—or even push—companies to raise their aspirations and move to higher levels of competitive performance…”.They must encourage companies to raise their performance, stimulate early demand for advanced products, focus on specialized factors creation and to stimulate local rivalry by limiting direct cooperation and enforce anti-trust（反托拉斯，反垄断）regulations.Chapter 5 International Trade TermsRole of International Trade Terms➢Standing for specific obligations of the buyer and the seller.➢Name the exact point at which the ownership of the merchandise is transferred from the seller to the buyer.➢Define the responsibilities and expenses of both the seller and the buyer.➢Define the nature of the contract, such as FOB contract or CIF contract, to determine expenses and risks as well as their rights and obligations accordingly.➢The use of the trade terms greatly simplifies the contract negotiations, and thus saves time and cost.The price of commodity（refers to the unit price, which is made up of a name of currency, a unit price, a measuring unit, a trade term, and a name of destination or shipping place .For example,US$ 800 per M/T CIF London）国际贸易合同的主要条款有: 合同对象(标的)：commodities or services 合同总值: total value or quantities 交货条件: trade terms 包装: packaging 装运期: shipment装运口岸和目的地: departure port or destination 保险: insurance 支付条款: payment Procedures of Marine Insurance•To apply for marine insurance;•To determine the insurance value of the goods to be insured;•To determine the insurance average and coverage;•To determine insurance premium;•To sign an insurance policy•To lodge an insurance claim.Proper pricing, complete and accurate quotations, and choice of terms of sale and payment are four critical elements in selling a product or service internationally. Of the four, pricing is the most problematic, even for the experienced exporter.Export product cost structure, involving cost of production, selling and delivery costs, and customs duties.Pricing Considerations•At what price should the firm sell its product in the foreign market?•What type of market positioning does the company want to convey from its pricing structure?•Does the export price reflect the product's quality?•Is the price competitive?•Should the firm pursue market penetration or market-skimming pricing objectives abroad?•What type of discount (trade, cash, quantity) and allowances (advertising, trade-off) should the firm offer its foreign customers?•Laws pose a problem?•Should prices differ by market segment?•What should the firm do about product line pricing?•What pricing options are available if the firm's costs increase or decrease?•Is the demand in the foreign market elastic or inelastic?•Are the prices going to be viewed by the foreign government as reasonable or unfair?•Do the foreign country's antidumping?Pricing Summary Here are the key points to remember when determining your product's price: •Determine the objective in the foreign market.•Compute the actual cost of the export product.•Compute the final consumer price.•Evaluate market demand and competition.•Consider modifying the product to reduce the export price.•Include “non-market" costs, such as tariffs and customs fees.•Exclude cost elements that provide no benefit to the export function, such as domestic advertising.In the cost-plus method of calculation, the exporter starts with the domestic manufacturing cost and adds administration, research and development, overhead, freight forwarding, distributor margins, customs charges, and profit. The effect of this pricing approach may be that the export price escalates into an uncompetitive range.The actual payment= the full invoice of the goods +the additional charges of expenses the seller has paid.Stages in Handling a Bill of Exchange•To draw•Presentation and acceptance•Endorsement•Without recourse•Payment•Dishonor and recourse。
国际贸易实务(英文)
2x2x1
6
Absolute Advantage
U.S Wheat(bushels/man-hour) Cloth(yards/man-hour) 6 4
U.K 1 5
▲The law of Comparative Advantage:David Ricardo 2x2x1
7
Comparative Advantage
1nts of Trade Policy
1)Tariff: the simplest form of trade policy, is a tax levied when a
good is imported. Specific tariffs are levied as a fixed charge for each unit of goods imported(for example, $3 per barrel of oil) Ad valorem tariffs are taxes that are levied as a fraction of the value of the imported goods . Compound Tariff :specific tariff+ad valorem tariff (but only one is the main part , the other is a plus) Alternative Tariff : select the higher one
12,000 10,000
10,855
Billions of USD
8,000
6,000 4,000 2,000 0
98.5
1947 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 4
进出口实务与操作(英文版)chapter 1 Introduction to Internation
transaction
Chapter Structure
Section One Modes of International Business
Section Two International Trading Environment
Section One Modes of International Business
Direct exporting refers to selling goods or services straight to a buyer outside of the seller‘s home country．
Section One Modes of International Business
1.1 Merchandise Exports and Imports
Merchandise exports are tangible products-goods--sent out of a country；merchandise imports are goods brought into a country．
Chapter 1
Introduction to International Trade
Practices
Learning Objectives
After completing this chapter, students should ensure their understanding of the following:
These goods can be seen leaving and entering a country，they are also called visible exports and imports．The terms exports and imports in this book apply to merchandise, not to a service．
国际贸易实务(第1章)
运费/保险费付至目的地
Delivered At Terminal
目的地或目的港的集散站交货
Delivered At Place
目的地交货
Delivered Duty Paid
完税后交货
Group 2. Incoterms that apply to sea and inland waterway transport only: 第二组：适用于水上运输方式的术语
合(于In国ter内na外tio销na售l R合u同les，fo是r 学the习的 重Int点er。pretation of Trade Terms)
国际法协会 International Law Institute
国际商会 International Chamber of
Commerce
In 1928
1000pieceshongqibrandmansjacketusd12000fcainternationalairportbeijingchinadeliveryduringjan2013mainobligationsellerfca卖方义务按时在规定地点交付货物并给予充分通知承担货物交给买方指定承运人接管之前的一切费用和风险自负风险与费用办理出口许可证与其他核准证书向买方提供约定的单据或具有同等效力的电子信息mainobligationbuyerfca买方义务办理货物运输并给予卖方充分通知按合同规定受领货物并支付货款承担货物置于承运人控制之后的一切风险和费用负责办理货物运输保险支付保险费承担风险和费用取得进口许可证或其他官方证件办理进口报关手续3pointspaidattentionfca1
In 1936
CIF 11个贸易术语
1、Classifications of Trade Terms in Incoterms 2000
国际贸易实务_双语教案_附术语中英文对译
国际贸易实务教案Chapter 1 Brief Introduction to International Trade国际贸易简介1.1 Reasons for international trade1.1.1Resources Reasons(1) Natural resources.(2) Favorable climate conditions and terrain.(3) Skilled workers and capital resources.(4) Favorable geographic location and transportation costs.1.1.2Economic Reasons(1) Comparative advantage(2) Strong domestic demand(3) Innovation or style1.1.3Political Reasons1.2 Problems Concerning International Trade1.2.1Cultural Problems(1) Language.(2) Customs and manners.1.2.2Monetary Conversions1.2.3Trade BarriersIndividual countries put controls on trade for the following three reasons:(1) To correct a balance-of-payments deficit.(2) For reasons of national security.(3) To protect their own industries against the competition of foreign goods.Although tariffs have been lowered substantially by international agreements, countries continue to use other devices to limit imports or to increase exports. Some of these are:(1) requiring import licenses that permit only specific volumes or values imports;(2) setting quotas that limit the total value or volume of a product to be imported;(3) limiting government purchases to firms within the country;(4) applying standards for safety, consumer protection, or other reasons, which foreign products may not be able to meet;(5) making special payments called export subsidies to encourage local exporters to increase foreign sales;(6) targeting——a new term meaning the imposition of a package of measures to give certain local industries a competitive advantage in export markets. It might include export subsidies, technical assistance, subsidies for research and development, and financial assistance;(7) requiring licenses to obtain foreign currencies by those who want to buy goods from abroad——thus limiting the quantity of imports they can buy;(8) reducing the value of a nation’s currency in relation to that of the rest of the world so that its exported goods cost less in other countries and its imports cost more;(9) imposing conditions on foreign products such as requiring that their goods contain a certain amount of locally produced products;(10) restricting trade in banking, insurance, and other service professions.练习一：导论思考题：1国际贸易实务课程的主要任务和研究对象是什么？本课程包括哪些主要内容？2与国内贸易相比进出口贸易有何特点？3国际贸易中影响较大的惯例、条约有哪些？其主要内容是什么？有何特点？4根据我国合同法规定，合同应包括哪些主要内容？5进出口贸易一般要经过哪几个步骤？在进出口业务中，出口商/进口商的主要工作是什么？Chapter 5. Trade Terms and Export PricingPart I. Outline本章要点5.1 Trade Terms and International Trade Practices贸易术语与国际贸易惯例5.2 13 Trade Terms in INCOTERMS 2000《2000通则》中的13中贸易术语5.3 Selection of Trade Terms贸易术语的选用5.4 Export Pricing出口定价5.1Trade Terms and International Trade Practices贸易术语与国际贸易惯例5.1.1 国际货物买卖适用的法律与惯例1、交易双方当事人所在国的国内法2、国家对外缔结或参加的有关国际贸易、国际运输、商标、专利、仲裁等方面的条约和协定。
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传统的国际贸易主要是指有形（visible）商 品的国际买卖，即国际货物贸易实务，表现为货 物本身的跨国转移，不仅涉及货物运输、货物运 输保险、货款结算、进出口单证、出入境检验检 疫以及进出境货物通关等具体业务领域，而且涉 及交易磋商（商务谈判）、合同订立与履行等相 关环节。
2、对非国际经济与贸易专业来说，本课程为考查课，应加大实践教 学环节的比例，注重过程教学，各环节所占比例如下： （1）平时出勤成绩占10%； （2）课堂互动、助课等表现成绩占10%； （3）作业成绩占10%； （4）期末采用开卷考试方式，考试成绩占总成绩的70% 。
3、关于期末考试的重要提示 （1）考试总成绩采用60分及格制，对不及格的学生按学校规定
International Trade Practice
国际贸易实务
Chapter 1 Introduction
Prof. Chunxiang XU E-mail: chunxiangxu@
课程地位与目标
课程地位：本课程是国际经济与贸易专业主干课程 （学位课★）之一。
课程目标：通过该课程的学习，要求学生掌握国际 贸易（进出口）基本业务流程，熟练掌握各种国际 贸易单证的使用及注意事项，熟练掌握国际贸易业 务基本英语知识。能够了解国际贸易各环节各部门 的基本职能，具备一般单证员所具备的专业知识和 操作能力。
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对先修课程的要求
对国际经济与贸易专业学生来说，要求 先修《国际贸易》课程；
对其他专业学生来说，由于课程设置的 不同，对此不作要求。但要求具备基本 的国际贸易以及金融等相关知识。
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关联课程(I)：理论教学环节
《国际贸易》 ★ 《外贸英文函电》 ★ 《国际贸易英文契约》 《国际贸易运输与保险》 《国际结算》 ★
（2）上课迟到5分钟及以上者请勿进入教室。 5、鼓励学生和主讲教师实现课堂互动教学，学生课堂参与成绩计 入期末总成绩。 6、学生应独立完成教师所留作业，作业采用手写方式，打印无效。
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课程考核方式
1、对国际经济与贸易专业来说，本课程为考试课，各环节所占比例 如下： （1）出勤及课堂互动、助课等平时表现成绩占10%； （2）作业成绩占10%； （3）期末采用闭卷考试方式，考试成绩占总成绩的80%。
可参加二考，二考不及格者可参加重修（注：对取消考试资格的 学生将同时取消二考资格）。
（2）考试卷面成绩低于30分，取消二考资格。
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本章主要参考书目
1．海闻、P. 林德特、王新奎著，国际贸易，上海人民出版社，2003年3 月。
2．田东文主编，国际商法，机械工业出版社，2008年1月。 3．吴国新、郭凤艳主编，国际贸易实务，机械工业出版社，2006年7月。 4．陈岩编著，国际贸易理论与实务，清华大学出版社，2007年6月。 5．（美）Alan E. Branch 著，孔雁、蔡荣兰译，国际贸易实务（第五
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Contents 本章内容安排
1.1 国际贸易实务研究对象及学习方法 1.2 国际贸易适用的法律、公约和惯例 1.3 本教材的结构安排
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1.1 Subjects of study 国际贸易实务研究对象
国际贸易实务包括国际货物贸易实务、国际 服务贸易实务和国际技术贸易实务三部分内容。
其中，国际货物贸易实务主要研究四个方面 的内容：一是交易磋商的内容，二是交易磋商的 程序；三是履约（即合同履行，包括出口合同的 履行和进口合同的履行）；四是进出境货物的通 关。有时通关也是履约的一个环节，而多数情况 下则是卖方负责货物的出口清关，买方负责货物 的进口清关。
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关联课程(II)：实践教学环节
《国际贸易单证实训》 《进出口报关实务》 《国际贸易流程模拟》 ★ 《专业实习》
注：带★号的课程为本专业学位课程。
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对学生的基本要求
1、要有一本教材作为参考； 2、要有听课笔记； 3、要有作业本； 4、纪律方面要求：
（1）要求学生平时不能无故缺课，主讲教师将采用点名和抽查 相结合的办法，考核学生平时出勤情况，学生平时出勤占期末总成 绩的5% 。对三次以上(含三次)无故旷课的学生按学校有关规定取消 期末考试资格，成绩为“取消”。
版），清华大学出版社，2007年5月。 6．崔日明编著，国际贸易实务，机械工业出版社，2005年7月。 7．冷柏军编著，国际贸易实务，高等教育出版社，2006年8月。 8．吴建斌、肖冰、彭岳编著，国际商法，高等教育出版社，2007年7月。 9．中华人民共和国商务部条法司，http:/. 10．世界知识产权组织，http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en. 11．国际商会.2.1 Laws suitable for international trade 国际贸易适用的法律
国际贸易适用的法律主要是指对国 际贸易交易行为具有约束力的各国（或 地区）的国内法规范，包括成文法、判 例法等。
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1.2.2 Conventions suitable for int’l Trade 国际贸易适用的公约
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国际贸易
国际贸易理论
国际贸易基本理论 国际贸易政策
贸易的基础 贸易产生的影响 贸易与经济增长之间的相互关系 贸易政策的影响 贸易政策制定中的政治经济学
品名、品质、数量、包装
贸易术语与价格
交易内容
货物运输与保险 货款结算
出入境检验检疫
争议与处理
国际货物贸易实务
交易程序
询价 发价 还价
合同履行
接受
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货物通关
Learning method 学习方法
课堂学习 基于实验室的国际贸易流程模拟 进出口报关业务模拟 专业实习
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1.2 Laws, conventions and practices 国际贸易适用的法律、公约和惯例
1.2.1 国际贸易适用的法律（Laws） 1.2.2 国际贸易适用的公约（Conventions） 1.2.3 国际贸易适用的惯例（Practices）