高中英语 牛津必修三Unit2 语法梳理-名词性从句(二)
Unit2 语法 高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第三册
In 2009
The Kepler Space Telescope
In recent years
FAST
To search for Earth-size planets orbiting other stars
To detect communication signals between the stars in the universe
it作形式主语
主语从句常用 it 作形式主语放句首,从句为真正的主语，放在句末，使句子更平衡。
常用句型
1. It+be+ 形容词 +that从句 clear, obvious, necessary, possible, likely,... It is clear that the girl told a lie.
1. that
从属连词: that/ whether/ if
that 不充当句子成分，无语义，只起连接作用，不能省略。
That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes.
2. whether/ if
that whether
it
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的 语法作用，又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在复合句中，如作主语的是一个从句，该从句被称为主语从句。主语从 句须用陈述语序，单个从句做主语，主句谓语动词一般用单数。
主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词：that，whether，if 连接代词：what，which，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever， whoever， whomever 连接副词：when，where，why，how
人教版高二英语必修三Unit3 名词性从句二
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
（I）试比较下面两个例句 :
1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good.
1.We heard the news that our team had won.
同位语从句
2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 同位语从句
3. The news that he told me yesterday was false.
Noun clauses as the object and predicative
1.To learn the noun clauses. 2.To know about each noun clause. 3.To master the usage.
主语从句是 在复合句中充当主语 的从句，通常放 在主句谓语动词之前或由 形式主语 it代替，而本身放 在句子末尾。
2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主从句时在句时在从句中
充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语， 而that 则不然。例如：
1) _W__h_at__you said yesterday is right.
It is right what you said yesterday.
teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt __t_h_a_t he will come. 8. I have no idea _w__h_athe did that afternoon.
牛津译林版必修3 unit 2 part 3 grammar and writing
4．某些动词(短语)常用it作形式主语。 it常用作动词(短语)seem，appear，happen，turn out，chance等的主语。 It happened that I was in the countryside at the time. 那时我恰巧在乡下。 [名师点津] “It＋be＋said/believed/reported...that...”句型一般可转换成“Sb/Sth＋be said/believed/reported...＋不定式”句型。 It is said that he has got a doctor’s degree. ＝He is said to have got a doctor’s degree. 据说他获得了博士学位。
3．引导名词性从句的“疑问词-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的区别 whoever，whatever，whichever等既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句，而 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 Whoever telephones(＝No matter who telephones)，tell them I’m out. 不管是谁打电话，就说我出去了。 No matter what you say，I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
1．连接代词引导的名词性从句 What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。 My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。 I don’t know whose watch it is. 我不知这是谁的手表。 Do you have any idea what it means to be poor? 你知道贫穷意味着什么吗？
牛津译林版必修3 牛津译林版必修3unit 2 part 3 grammar and writing
Part ⅢGrammar & Writing名词性从句(Ⅱ)；it作形式主语[思维导图]Ⅰ.名词性从句一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句由what，which，who/whom，whose等连接代词和when，where，why，how等连接副词引导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
1．连接代词引导的名词性从句What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。
My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
I don’t know whose watch it is.我不知这是谁的手表。
Do you have any idea what it means to be poor?你知道贫穷意味着什么吗？2．连接副词引导的名词性从句Where we will go hasn’t been decided.我们要去哪儿还没有定下来。
She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet through.我既没雨衣也没雨伞，那就是我淋湿的原因。
I have no idea when she will be back.我不知道她何时回来。
[名师点津](1)名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数，但是如果what引导的主语从句代表复数概念，则谓语动词要用复数。
What we need are useful books.我们需要的是有用的书。
(2)连接代词which通常不用来引导同位语从句。
(3)由“wh－”词引导的名词性从句必须用陈述语序。
二、注意事项1．引导名词性从句的连接代词和连接副词的区别(1)成分：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。
高中英语 Unit2 Language语法讲解 牛津译林版必修3
由疑问词引导的名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中能担任主语，表语，宾语，同位语，介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中的句法功能，名词性从句又可以分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。
本单元主要介绍由疑问词引导的名词性从句。
疑问词有两类，即疑问代词(what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose) 和疑问副词(when, where, how, why)。
疑问代词通常在从句中作主语，表语和宾语。
疑问副词则通常在从句中作状语（时间状语，地点状语，方式状语或原因状语）。
请看如下例句，并试着分析作引导词的疑问词在从句中所担任的成分。
(1) What he said at the meeting confused everyone present.他在会议上所说的让在场的人感到困惑。
(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作宾语)(2) The little boy ate whatever his mother gave him.不管他妈妈给他什么，这个小男孩都吃。
(作引导词的疑问代词在宾语从句中作宾语)(3) Please give some suggestion which book I should choose among these.我应该选择其中的哪本书，请给我一些建议。
(作引导词的疑问代词在同位语从句中作定语)(4) The problem is who/ whom I should turn to for help.问题是我应该向谁求救。
(作引导词的疑问代词在表语从句中作宾语)(5) Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.无论谁最后一个离开房间都应该关灯。
(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作主语)(6) When we will go skating is up to you to make a decision.我们什么时候去溜冰由你做决定。
最新【牛津译林版】2019版高中英语必修3：Unit 2 Section Ⅲ课件(含答案)
Section Ⅲ Grammar——名词性从句(Ⅱ)与it作形式主语
[语 境 自 主 领 悟]
语 境
先观察原句
后自主感悟
自 主
①What I always dreamt of has come true.
领 悟
②I always wondered when I would get the English novel
境
自 人物(the person that)、数目(the amount/number that)等不同概念。
主
领 悟
You can have what you like.
随
堂
你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。
效
果
The trouble is that she has lost his address.
语
落 实
效
果
Now we don't know how the pyramids were built.
语
落 实
法 精
现在我们不知道金字塔是如何建造的。
要
点
Please tell me whose book it is.请告诉我这是谁的书。
拨
返 首 页
(3)表语从句
语 境
The problem is how we could make him understand it.
要
点
拨
返 首 页
语
境
自
主
[即时演练 1]
领
悟
选词填空：when，why，how，which，what，who，whom
随 堂
效
①Do you know when the train arrives.
译林版高中英语必修3讲义Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar——名词性从句(Ⅱ)与it作形式主语
Section ⅢGrammar——名词性从句(Ⅱ)与it作形式主语语境自主领悟先观察原句①That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.②It is interesting to learn how the words for animals and meat developed.③It is certain that this process will continue...④I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.⑤What I always dreamt of has come true.⑥It is fun wandering in the countryside.后自主感悟1.第①、④、⑤句中的黑体部分都是名词性从句，它们分别在各自的句子中作表语、宾语和主语。
2.第②、③、⑥句中的黑体部分都是it作形式主语的用法，it分别替代的是动词不定式、主语从句和动名词短语。
一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句1．由what，which，who/whom，whose等连接代词和when，where，why，how等连接副词引导的名词性从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
(1)主语从句What surprised us was her ignorance.使我们吃惊的是她的无知。
Where we will go hasn't been decided.我们要去哪儿还没有定下来。
When she will come is still unknown.她何时来还不知道。
(2)宾语从句The school was built on what used to be a wasteland.这所学校是在以前的荒地上建造的。
高中语文-语法复习名词性从句-牛津版必修3
1
语法复习三：名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位 语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从 句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中 担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步 状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不 能用whether。
e.g. • It depends on whether we have enough time. • They don’t know whether to go there. • Please e to see me if you have time.
B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station
C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.
9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 不是 10. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 宾语从句
答案
可编辑ppt
8
二、用适当的连词填空：
1. I can’t decide _____w_h_ic_h____ dictionary I should buy.
高中英语 牛津必修三Unit2 语法梳理-名词性从句(二)
名词性从句（二）考情分析从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句考查得较少。
who,whom,whose,what，which,where,why,when,how可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。
它们的特点：1.有本身的词义；2.在从句中担当句子成分，如：主语宾语或状语；3.引导的从句一律用陈述句语序，不能用疑回句语序。
I don't know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。
She asked me where I had been.她问之前我在哪儿。
What you have done might do harm to other people.你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。
Where he went for his weekend is not known.不知道他去哪里过的周末。
What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend.我想知道的是他到哪里过周末去了。
规律总结名词性从句的语序与陈述句语序相同，尤其注意那些由连接代who(m）,whose,which,what和连接副词when，where,why等引导的名词性从句，不要受它们在特殊疑问句中的用法的影响而误用疑问句语序。
Why was she crying?她为什么在哭？I don't know why she was crying.我不知道她为什么在哭。
方法技巧what后的名词可以是复教可数名词或不可教名词，通常不是单数可数名词，并且后接名词时，有时可用litle/few修饰，两者的区别是：what+名词=所有的都，what little/few+名词=虽少但全部。
如：What friends she has are out of the country.她的朋友全在国外。
We gave him what little help we could.我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。
高考英语一轮复习：牛津译林版模块三各单元语法点总结
牛津高中英语－模块三第一单元一名词性从句：名词性从句的介绍名词性从句在句中的作用和名词或名词短语的作用是一样的。
1.我们可以用名词性从句做句子的主语。
如：That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.Whether he’ll be able to come is not yet known.Why they have not left yet is unclear.我们可以用it来做形式主语。
如：It was good news that everyone got back safely.2.我们可以用名词性从句来做动词的宾语。
如：she sensed that she was being watched. Iwonder if/whether that’s a good idea.Polly didn’t know which way she should go.我们可以用名词性从句来做介词的宾语。
如：I’m interested in who that tall man is.There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.我们可以用it来做形式宾语。
如：we all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone. Theconductor has made it clear that no buses will be running.3.我们可以用名词性从句来做表语。
如：the truth is that the fog is too think for the bus to run that far.My question is whether Polly can find her way home.The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd.4.我们可以用名词性从句来做一个名词的同位语。
牛津高中英语模块3第2单元语法M3 U2 Grammar.pptx
三、表 语 从 句
1. 表从为陈述，连接词为that 事实是童年一去不复返了。 The fact is that the childhood will never come back. 2. 表从表”是否”，连接词为whether 问题是是否他会参加会议。 The question is whether he will attend the meeting. 3. 表从要提问，结构为疑问词+陈述句式 问题是我们什么时候去墨西哥。 The problem is when we will go to Mexico.
二、宾 语 从 句
1. 宾从为陈述句，连接词为that 每个人都知道教授在撒谎。 Everybody knows (that) the professor is lying. 2. 宾从为一般疑问句，连接词为whether/if 他们想知道是否川普(Trump)是一个诚实的总统（president）。 They want to know whether Trump is an honest president. 3. 宾从为特殊疑问句，结构为原疑问词+陈述句式 警察询问谁离开了这个房间。 The policeman asked who had left this room.
我们该对于母语词汇中数量增长的外来词如何应对是 值得好好思考的事情。
2) In England nowadays, there is no one to decide which new words should be accepted into the language. 在今天的英国，没有人去决定哪些新词应该被包含在语言 （英语）中。 3) That is why we have the phrase ‘ the King’s English’. King Henry VII was a poet who showed great concern for language. 这就是为什么我们有“国王英语/标准英语”这个词组。
高一英语译林版必修3学案：语法详解 Unit2 Language
四、语法详解（一）名词性从句1.名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序为：连词（+被修饰语）+主语+谓语。
如：Who he is doesn’t matter much.When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.I don’t know what his name is.I don’t know what is wrong with him.=I don’t know what is the matter with him.You can’t imagine how excited I was at that time.Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?2.名词性从句与主句的时态呼应主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的时态不受主句的限制，但宾语从句的时态一般要受主句的限制。
主句是现在时态时，宾语从句时态根据实际情况而定；主句是过去时态时，从句须用过去时态，除非叙述的是真理、客观事实或谚语。
如：I don’t know where he is now/where he wa s yesterday.He told us that he had been married for 10 years.I didn’t know you were here.The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.(真理)The teacher told us that failure is the mother of success.(谚语)3.What与whatever的区别what引导名词性从句时等于thing(s) that; whatever引导名词性从句时等于anything that,引导让步状语从句时等于no matter what。
牛津译林版必修三Unit2 名词性从句 (共21张PPT)
We are curious about ...(为什么李健随身带本书?)
表语从句 常放在系动词特别是be动词之后
1. The audiences' biggest concern is _w__h_e_n_/_w_h__e_th__e_r_
they will perform together on the same stage.
competition.
宾语从句
4. They felt surprised at Sun Nan's declaration(宣
布) that he would quit the competition.
同位语从句
Task presentation
Describe your favorite singer by using Noun Clauses.
2. About Zheng Chunyuan, the hot topic is _w_h__y he
came to China to attend this competition.
3. The question is _h_o_w__ Li Jian stays strong and
handsome.
A. where
B. what C. whether D. Which
3.As John Lennon once said,life is_____ happens to y
ou while you are busy making other plans.
A. which
B. that
C. what
5. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
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名词性从句（二）考情分析从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句考查得较少。
who,whom,whose,what，which,where,why,when,how可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。
它们的特点：1.有本身的词义；2.在从句中担当句子成分，如：主语宾语或状语；3.引导的从句一律用陈述句语序，不能用疑回句语序。
I don't know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。
She asked me where I had been.她问之前我在哪儿。
What you have done might do harm to other people.你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。
Where he went for his weekend is not known.不知道他去哪里过的周末。
What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend.我想知道的是他到哪里过周末去了。
规律总结名词性从句的语序与陈述句语序相同，尤其注意那些由连接代who(m）,whose,which,what和连接副词when，where,why等引导的名词性从句，不要受它们在特殊疑问句中的用法的影响而误用疑问句语序。
Why was she crying?她为什么在哭？I don't know why she was crying.我不知道她为什么在哭。
方法技巧what后的名词可以是复教可数名词或不可教名词，通常不是单数可数名词，并且后接名词时，有时可用litle/few修饰，两者的区别是：what+名词=所有的都，what little/few+名词=虽少但全部。
如：What friends she has are out of the country.她的朋友全在国外。
We gave him what little help we could.我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。
温馨提示whoever，whatever等可引导名词性从句。
如：Whoever wants the book may have it.任何人想要这本书都可以拿去。
I'll do whatever I can to help him.我将尽我所能来帮助他。
另外，它们也可引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”“不管……”，相当于no matter who/what等。
如：Whatever happens,you must be calm.不管发生什么，你都必须镇静。
（whatever=no matter what)He won't eat you,whoever he is.不管他是谁，他也不会把你吃了。
（whoever=no matter who)★常见错误注意以下易受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：任何人来都欢迎。
误：Who comes will be welome./Anyone comes wil be welcome.正：Whoever comes will be welcome./Anyone who comes will be welcome.温馨提示whoever 引导名词性从句时可在从句中作主语，也可作宾语；作宾语时不宜用whomever，因为在现代英语中whomever这个词已几乎被废弃。
二、连接词的功能1.从属连词：that（无任何词义），whether/if（均表示“是否”，表明从句内容的不确定性），as if/as though（均表示“好像”“似乎”）在从句中均不充当任何成分；2.连接代词：what,whatever,who,Whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever,whomever；3.连接副词：when,where,how,why；4.不可省略的连接词：（1）介词后的连接词（2）引导主语从句和同位语从句的连接词。
That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了让我们很高兴。
We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到了我们队获胜了的消息。
5.whether与if均为“是否”的意思。
但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：（1）引导主语从句并在句首（2）引导表语从句或同位语从句（3）引导介词后的宾语从句（4）后紧接“or not”（5）后接动词不定式6.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it 充当形式主语。
三、连接词在各从句中的应用1.主语从句（1）that引导主语从句时，that没在意义，但一般不能省略。
（that引导宾语从句时有时可以省略）It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她有点不安。
That she is a rich woman is known to us all.我们大家都知道，她是个富有的女人。
（2）从句作主语时，多数情况下由it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分（包括宾语）较短的情况下。
It wasn't very clear what she meant.不太清楚她是什么意思。
It is important that he should come on time.他按时来是很重要的。
（3）whether可以引导主语从句并放在句首，但if不能。
whether后面可以加or not，而if不能与or not直接连用。
Whether I knew John doesn't matter.=It doesn't matter whether I knew John.我是否认识约翰没有关系。
Whether or not she'll come isn't clear.=Whether she'll come or not isn't clear.=It isn't clear whether or not she'll come.她是否来还不清楚。
2.宾语从句在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以跟宾语从句。
某些形容词，如：sure,happy,glad，certain,pleased 等之后也可以跟宾语从句。
（1）that引导的宾语从句；that没有词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
I really feel（that) she's making a mistake.我的确感到她正在犯错误。
Hearing that his son was badly wounded,he hurried to the hospital to see him.听说儿子受了重伤，他急忙赶到医院去看望他。
（2）whether/if(是否）引导的宾语从句：如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”常在whether 后面加or not；if一般不与or not直接连用。
He asked me if/whether I knew John.他问我是否知道约翰。
Let me know whether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来，告诉我一声。
（3）当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，宾语从句中的否定一般要转移到主句中，即将think 等词变为否定形式。
I dont think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。
I don't suppose we are going hiking tomorow.我认为我们明天不会去远足。
（4）如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。
常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make,find,believe,feel,think,consider等George made it clear that he opposed this projecl.乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us.他们发现与我们一起工作很愉快。
（5）形容词与be一起构成系表结构，其后的从句也常被视为宾语从句。
这种句型一般都用人作主语，所用的形容词都是表示态度或情感的形容词，如certain,sure,afraid,glad,happy,sorry,surprised,confident等。
I am sure/certain that he's at home now.我背定他现在在家。
3.同位语从句同位语从句常用的引导词为that，有时也用when，where等词。
The idea that you can do the work well without thinking is quite wrong.你能不动脑筋就能做好这个工作的想法是完全错误的。
The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.困难在于我们缺钱这个事实。
注意；同位语从句的that只是引导词，没有其他语法作用，在从句中不作成分，不能省略。
4.表语从句可以引导表语从句的连接词主要有that，whether，wh-类连接词，because等。
That's why I have come.那就是我为什么来了。
What I want to know is where we shall go and whether she will join us.我想知道的是我们要去什么地方以及她是否会加入我们。
此外，表语从句还可由as if(好像）引导。
It looked as if it was going to rain.看上去好像要下雨了。
知识归纳连接词that 引导宾语从句时有时可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。
如：I hope(that)you enjoy your holiday.我希望你假期过得愉快。
That he likes you is very obvious.很明显他喜欢你。
疑难突破why与because两者均可引导表语从句，但前者强调的是结果，后者强调的是原因。
如：I had a cold.That's why I didn't come.我感冒了，因此我没来。
I didn't come.That's because I had a cold.我没有来，那是因为我感冒了。