Translation翻译

I. Questions and answers:A few years ago when my boys were young, I home-schooled them. Part of my teaching included community service. At that time the Collierville Library was looking for volunteers to come to serve lunch to some elderly people. So we decided to devote every Tuesday to that. They were a great group of people, all ladies apart from one gentleman. And they enjoyed my boys very much. The ladies were talkative. And the man, Mr. Grady, was quiet and gentle. You could feel his spirit and his eyes were so kind.He struggled to walk and do some of the simple things we all take for granted but he never gave up. At times, he would ask for assistance, and I was always thrilled to help. Despite his physical need, his mind was sharp, and he loved to play dominos (多米诺骨牌). He was a natural wiz with numbers, was very patient with my boys and enjoyed teaching them how to play.One day I asked Mr. Grady what his condition was exactly. He told me he had Parkinson's disease. I truly never gave it another thought because he was NOT his disease! He was Mr. Grady! A very sweet yet strong man who had so much to offer to all those he came into contact with.Over time I've thought back on those days and how glad I am that my boys got to experience this. When I have days when I struggle, I think about Mr. Grady and how Parkinson's disease was just a small part of who he was.( Note : Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)1. Why did the writer go to the Collierville Library with her boys?2. The underlined word "wiz" in Paragraph 2 refers to ____________.3. When the writer was told that Mr. Grady had Parkinson's disease, she ____________.4. What did the writer mainly learn from Mr. Grady?Creative thinking is the process which we use when we come up with a new idea. Brainstorming is the name given to a situation when a group of people meet to generate new ideas around a specific area of interest. It is one form of creative thinking and works by combining someone else’s ideas with your own to create a new one. You are using the ideas of others as a stimulus for your own.Brainstorming will help you come up with new ideas. And not only will you come up with new ideas but you will do so with surprisingly little effort. Brainstorming makes the generation of new ideas easy and is a tried-and-tested process. Exactly what you apply brainstorming techniques to depends on what you want to achieve. You can apply them to develop new products, services and processes in your job, or you can apply them to develop your personal life.What is traditional brainstorming? The normal view of brainstorming is that a group of people sit in a room and shout out ideas as they occur to them. They are told to relax themselves and that no ideas will be judged so that people are free to shout out any ideas at all without feeling uncomfortable. The purpose of this is to gain as many ideas as possible. Out of the many ideas suggested there will be some of great value.What is advanced brainstorming? The model we propose is an extension of the traditional brainstorming scenario and makes the whole process more effective. Advanced brainstorming builds on the current methods of brainstorming to produce more original ideas in a more efficient way. Most of the problems associated with traditional brainstorming disappear as a more effective process if used.(Note: No more EIGHT words)5. Brainstorming is the process which we can create a new idea by ________________________________________.6. Brainstorming techniques can be applied to ________________________________________________________.7. In traditional brainstorming, why are people allowed to shout out ideas freely?8. Compared with traditional brainstorming, the advantage of advanced one is making ____________________.II. Read the following passage carefully:AWith an increasing number of lives being taken each year, there is a call to control the gun, to restrict its use and the ease with which it may be purchased in many parts of the country, or to be rid of it altogether. However there are also many Americans who, despite the shocking death rate, feel that we have the right to won firearms.Opponents of strict gun controls argue that the right to own firearms is guaranteed by the U.S. constitution. The claim is made that, without firearms, we would be more vulnerable（易受攻击的）than ever to criminal violence. The privately owned gun helped us to win our freedom in the first place, they say; it can help us preserve that freedom today.Further, opponents of gun control tell us that gun-control laws don't work because the people who cause most of the trouble ---- the criminals ---- simply don't bother to obey them. But the proponents of control reply by producing statistics to show that control laws have kept the crime rates down in other nations. Strictly enforced controls, they believe, can do the same thing here.Basically, the anti-control people feel that to call for and make laws against the gun is to move in the wrong direction. They recognize that there is much violence in much society and know that something must be done about it. But they argue that when the gun is involved in violence, it is not, in itself, responsible for the trouble. A gun, after all, is an inanimate（死气沉沉的）object that is incapable of acting on its own. The fault lies with the people who misuse it ---- the criminals, the mentally ill, the emotionally unstable, the intoxicated（喝醉的）. It will do no good, then, to move against the gun. Violence will be reduced only if we restrict the people who pull the trigger（扳机）.9. The underlined word 'proponents' in the second sentence of Paragraph Three most probably means____.A. supportersB. instructorsC. authoritiesD. researchers10. It is implied in this passage that _____.A. owning a gun is a guarantee of personal safetyB. gun control may lead to helplessness on behalf of the victim of violenceC. gun control can help reduce crime ratesD. owning a gun doesn't help in case of violence11. Which of the following is in favor of people's owning guns?A. The U.S. Constitution indicates that the citizen can own a gun.B. The gun is something to defend people's freedom with.C. The gun itself is incapable of action.D. All of the above.12. According to the passage, opponents of gun control think that the proper way to reduce violence is to ____.A. enforce strict gun controlB. allow guns to be sold to allC. get rid of all who fire gunsD. limit the people who fire the gunBBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning （DL）, and among the larger schools, it's close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven't heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which theinstructors post syllabi （课程大纲）, reading assignment, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there's the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas （睡衣）. But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rate for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools' perspective, there's a lot of money to be saved. The more students who enroll in a course but don't come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers.13. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A. It boasts the largest number of students on campus.B. All its courses are offered online.C. Its online courses are of the poor quality.D. Someone taking its online courses is likely to get a degree.14. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ________.A. a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionB. a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsC. the great diversity of students' academic backgroundsD. the casual relationship between students and professors15. What explains the high drop-out rates for online students?A. There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.B. There is strict control over the academic standards of the courses.C. The evaluation system used by online universities is not weak.D. Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.16. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ________.A. building up their reputationB. upgrading their teaching facilitiesC. providing convenience for studentsD. cutting down on their expenses表语从句定义：在一个复合句中，从句作的是主语的表语成分。