2020年考博英语模拟试题：阅读练习(3)

2020 年考博英语模拟试题：阅读练习（ 3 ）

China reins in economic expansion China's growth in fixed-asset investment and its money supply slowed considerably in August ，providing firm evidence that the government's tightening measures were reining in the country's rapid economic expansion.

Urban fixed-asset investment in August rose 21.5 per cent compared with a year ago ，a marked slowdown from the 30.5 per cent expansion from January through July and the slowest for a single month since December 2004. M2 ，the broad

indicator for money supply ，rose 17.9 per cent last month

compared with 18.4 per cent in July and June.

China's economy has been growing at a record pace ，expanding by 11.3 per cent in the second quarter. Beijing officials and many economists are concerned that such growth rates are not sustainable in the longer term.

The latest economic data ，which were released by Qiu Xiaohua ，commissioner of China's National Bureau of Statistics ，suggest Beijing has been able to control excessive lending and investment to sectors such as real estate that are especially at risk of overheating.

Beijing is using a combination of monetary and administrative controls in its attempts to moderate growth. Since late April ，China's central bank has twice raised benchmark lending rates and bank reserve requirements. Yesterday it also mopped up a record Rmb225bn （$28.3bn ）in

its regular open market operations.

Su Ning ，the deputy central bank governor ，said this

week at an international conference in Beijing that the country's money supply

was slowing dramatically as a result of these measures.

At the same time ，China's leaders are trying to control unnecessary production - for instance by limiting land rights and enforcing environmental standards in key industries such as steel ，cement and automobiles.

Beijing is also worried about overlending to urban property projects ，including residences ，offices and industrial parks ，and the threat it could lead to artificially high prices and excess supply.

While trying to temper credit and investment growth ，

Beijing is also attempting to stimulate consumer spending ，

since it believes a strong middle class will be a key driver of future growth.

China's statistics body said August retail sales were up 13.8 per cent ，a rate consistent with that of the previous two months. Demand for oil products ，jewellery ，automobiles and building has been particularly strong.

一、参考译文：8月份中国固定资产投资及货币供应量增长速度明显放缓，这有力地证明，政府的紧缩举措，正在抑制中国经济的迅速扩张。

8 月份，中国城市固定资产投资较上年同期增长21.5%，与1 至7 月份期间30.5%的扩张速度相比，有明显放缓；同时也是自2004年12 月以来，单月增幅最低的一个月。广义货币供应量M2 上月增长17.9%，而7 月份和 6 月份的增幅均为18.4%.

中国经济一直在以创纪录的速度增长，第二季度的增幅为11.3%.

中国政府官员和很多经济学家担心，长远来说，这样的增长速度难以维持。

中国国家统计局（National Bureau of Statistics ）局长邱晓华

发布的最新经济数据显示，中国政府能够控制对房地产等行业的过渡放贷和投资，这些行业尤其存有过热风险。

中国政府正通过货币和行政调控手段相结合的方式，努力缓和经济增