我国海岛的开发与保护的现状及对策研究

本科毕业设计 (论文)

我国海岛的开发与保护的现状及对策研究The development and protection of the island of the present situation and the

countermeasures

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2012 年 6 月

我国海岛开发与保护的现状及对策研究

摘要：在我国辽阔的海域中有数以万计的海岛，海岛以其迷人的风景，独特的环境，奇异的生态和战略的重要吸引着人们的眼光，海岛更是壮大海洋经济、拓展发展空间的重要依托。然而，过去的20年间，中国沿海地区加速“填海造地”，导致很多岛屿消失，其速度令人震惊。随着中国旅游业，生态产业，学术研究，国际关系和人居环境需求和压力的增大，海岛的保护也显得越来越重要。2010年3月1日，我国第一部加强海洋保护与管理、规范海岛开发利用秩序的法律《中华人民共和国海岛保护法》正式施行，如何真正充分发挥海岛资源优势、实现海岛资源的可持续发展和海岛经济的发展成为一项重要研究课题，本文从青岛开发区海岛开发与保护研究此问题，在此基础上，参考国内外海岛生态修复经验研究我国海岛保护具体措施，以实现海岛资源合理利用，海岛环境效益与海岛经济发展相结合，最终实现可持续发展。

关键词：海岛开发与保护；海岛保护法；可持续发展

The development and protection of the island of the present

situation and the countermeasures

Abstract: In our country the vast sea of tens of thousands of islands, the islands for its fascinating scenery and unique environmental, bizarre ecological and strategy important to draw on the people of vision, the islands is growing, the developing space Marine economy of important rely on. However, over the past 20 years, China's coastal areas to accelerate the "reclamation", leading to many islands disappear, its speed is appalling. With China's tourism, ecological industry, academic research, international relations and living environment demand and the increase of the pressure, the protection of the island is becoming more and more important. On March 1, 2010, our country the first strengthen the protection and management and regulating the order of the development and utilization of island law the law of the People's Republic island protection law enforcement official，how to give full play to the resource advantages of the island, to realize the sustainable development of the island resources and island economic development to become an important research subject, this article from Qingdao development zone island development and protection studying the problem, based on this, the reference: ecological repair experience at home and abroad in concrete measures to protect the island, in order to realize the reasonable use island resources, the islands environmental benefits and island economic development, and the combination of achieving the sustainable development.

Keywords:Island development and protection；Islands status quo environment；Sustainable development

目录

1、引言........................................................................................................................ ５

2、海岛的概述............................................................................................................ ５

3、海岛开发的研究意义............................................................................................ ６

4、海岛开发与保护存在的问题................................................................................ ６4.1 海岛开发利用存在的问题................................................................................. ６4.2 无居民海岛开发与保护存在的问题................................................................. ７

4.3 我国海岛保护规划制度..................................................................................... ７

5、海岛保护型开发................................................................................................ １０5.1 海岛保护型开发的内涵................................................................................. １０5.2 保护性开发对海岛生态风险的预防............................................................. １０5.3 海岛的保护型开发模式................................................................................. １１

5.4 海岛的分类管理............................................................................................. １１

6、海岛生态修复.................................................................................................... １２6.1 海岛生态干扰分析......................................................................................... １２6.2 海岛生态修复技术......................................................................................... １２

6.3 海岛生态修复管理......................................................................................... １３

7、国内外海岛开发与保护的问题与对策............................................................ １３7.1 从青岛开发区看海岛开发保护现状............................................................. １３

7.2 国外海岛开发保护现状--以马尔代夫为例.................................................. １４

8、海岛开发与保护对策分析................................................................................ １５8.1 海岛开发对策分析......................................................................................... １５8.2 海岛保护对策分析......................................................................................... １６结论.......................................................................................................................... １８致谢.......................................................................................................................... １９参考文献............................................................................................................ １９