(完整版)组合机床外文翻译
机械及模具中英文对照(完整版)
机械专业英语词汇陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆rocker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip—flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel上课认真听讲，课后按时完成作业。
组合机床外文文献
1 Introduction
Most classical shop scheduling models disregard the fact that products are often produced in lots, each lot (process batch) consisting of identical parts (items) to be produced. The size of a job lot (i.e., the number of items it consists of) typically ranges from a few items to several hundred. In any case, job lots are assumed to be indivisible single entities, although an entire job lot consists of many identical items. That is, partial transfer of completed items in a lot between machines on the processing routing of the job lot is impossible. But it is quite unreasonable to wait for the
2 Problem description
and Alfredson [6] examined two- and three-machine flowshops assuming there is no limit on the number of transfer batches so that it is optimal to use unit sized transfer batches. They showed that the two-machine problem with unit sized transfer batches is easily solved by a slight modification of Johnson’s well known algorithm, and also proved that pre-emption of job lots is not necessary in the optimal solution. That is, a job is split into unit sized transfer batches that are processed consecutively (not intermingled with the transfer batches of other job lots). Cetinkaya and Kayaligil [7] and Baker [8] extended this study to obtain a unified solution procedure, which handles separable and inseparable setups, respectively. Cetinkaya [9] and Vickson [10] independently showed that the scheduling problem with either equal or unequal transfer batches decomposes into an easily identifiable sequence of single job problems, even with setup times and transfer times. Sriskandarajah and Wagneur [11] studied the lot streaming and scheduling multiple products in two-machine, no-wait flowshops. Kim et al. [12] proposed a scheduling rule for a two-stage flowshop with identical parallel machines at each stage. On the other hand, studies on job lot scheduling with transfer batches for different shop structures are very limited. Examples of these studies include Dauzere-Peres and Lasserre [13] and Sen and Benli [14], which examine the job shops and open shops, respectively.
【机械类文献翻译】多用途组合机床
英文原文Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool timeRegarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to describe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. Inthe past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes.As a result of market demand's unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, today's market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit.Some tradition's manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex,very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working Basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training.Intuition type technical controlThe equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type design, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different size's thing can by the different speed growth.As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technology turned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”.According to the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes.The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control system's formation already made this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rest's automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization.Okuma Corporation's collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesized engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific model's engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply.The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it.If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from software's help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, therefore before replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine bed's some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person.In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make any model the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation.The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning. The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reaction's ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system,namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definition's manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production method's machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger.The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw,will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhancesthe craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on.中文译文多用途组合机床对于多功能组合机床，在工业领域有许多名字来描述它，如“多任务处理装置”，“多功能机床”，“多工序生产系统”等，它确实可称为加工领域的新星，可降低成本，简化配置，和一直保持在美国本土生产。
外文翻译--- 多功能组合机床时代
外文翻译专业机械设计制造及其自动化学生姓名班级学号指导教师专业系主任外文资料名称：Multi-purpose aggregatemachine-tool time外文资料出处：U.S.A. Michigan university附件：1.外文资料翻译译文2．外文原文多功能组合机床时代蒂莫西雅各布斯，丹尼斯阿斯纳斯，卓然飞利浦美国密西根大学王雷译摘要：组合机床加工中心可使加工制造业适应不断变化的需求，有效利用劳动力资源，并在全球范围的市场上更具竞争力。
关键字：组合机床对于多功能组合机床，工业领域内有很多称呼来形容它，如“多任务处理装置”、“多功能机床”、“多程序生产系统”等，它确实可称为加工领域的新星，可降低成本，简化配置，并一直保持在美国本土生产。
过去只有使用多机操作才能完成的任务，现在可以集中到一台机床上加工完成。
由于市场需求的不断变化，产品的生命周期在不断缩短，今天的市场更加强烈需求多任务处理装置概念。
在整个生产环境中推行精益管理时，没有比把零件加工集中到一台机器上完成更精一些传统的制造业厂商认为多功能组合机床过于复杂，很难找到合适的操作人员也就不足为奇了。
在一些劳动力市场，要找到能够对多轴组合机床加工中心进行手工编程的人是不太可能的事。
但资料显示，解决方案可有两个，一个是现代多功能组合机床的直觉式技术，另一个是针对金属加工基本原理及在生产车间现场有关新机床使用中难题创新解决方面的培训。
直觉式技术控制设备采用“带走热量”式设计，有床身、钢制直线滚动导轨、钢制转塔刀架、设备上使用的不同材料，所有这些组合到一起建造成一台机床。
这些都与导热系数、体积膨胀相关。
所有不同尺寸的东西都会以不同的速度生长。
由于这个原因，需要制造热友好机床，以便知道发热的薄弱点在哪里，可以通过合理的机床设计来补偿。
元件是全程运动。
机床滑动产生摩擦并转化为热。
切削加工产生的热屑掉到不同地方，在整个过程中冷却液会混合在其中。
在切削刀具上会持续出现很多不同的温度区域，所以也会有很多东西对热稳定性产生影响。
机械毕业设计英文外文翻译609组合机床现状与前景
ⅡAggregate machine-tool and from generatortechnological developmentIn uses the CNC three coordinates processing’s module from the generator in and transfers the tow the aggregate machine-tool and the aggregate machine-tool from the generator are one kind of special-purpose highly effective automation technical equip, at present, because it still was the mass mechanical product realization is highly effective, high grade and the efficient production key equipment, thus is widely applied to the automobile, the tractor, the internal combustion engine and the compressor and soon many industrial productions domain. Among them, specially the automobile industry, is the aggregate machine-tool and from the generator biggest user. If the German populace automotive factory in the Slaughter engine factory, the metal-cutting machine tool which at the beginning of the 90's uses mainly is from the generator (60%),the aggregate machine-tool (20%) and the processing center (20%).Obviously, in the mass production mechanical industry sector, the equipmentwhich massively uses is the aggregate machine-tool and from the generator. Therefore, aggregate machine-tool and its from the generator technical performance and the synthesis automation level, has decided these industry sector products production efficiencies, the product quality and the ent erprise production organization’s structure in the very great degree, also has decided the enterprise product competitive ability in the very great degree.The modern aggregate machine tool and from the generator took the integration of machinery product, it is technical the and so on control, actuation, survey, monitoring, cutting tool and mechanical module synthesis reflection. In the recent 20 years, these technologies have make great strides, simultaneously as aggregate machine-tool main profession and so on user's automobile and internal combustion engine also has the very big change, its produce market life unceasingly reduces, the variety increases day by day also the quality unceasingly enhances. These factors powerfully impelled and have driven the aggregate machine tool and from the generator technology unceasing development.1Aggregate machine-tool variety development keyIn aggregate machine-tool this kind of special purpose machine, the rotation type multiplex position aggregate machine-tool and holds thievery important status from the generator. Because these two kind of engine beds may assign the work piece many processing’s working procedure to many Canadian location in, and at the same time can carryon the processing from many directions to the work piece several surface, in addition, but also may through the indexing jig (on rotary table engine bed) or through indexing, the turn over installment (inform generator in) realizes the work piece five processing’s or completely processes, thus has the very high automat city and the production efficiency, by industry sector and so on the automobile, motorcycle and compressor uses.According to related statistical data, Germany in 1,990 ~ in 1992period, the rotation type multiplex position aggregate machine-too land approximately respectively accounts for the aggregate machine-tool total from the generator output about 50%.Should point out that, the rotation type multiplex position tool-tool is in fact one kind of special pattern small from the generator, suits to processing overall size <= 250mm center small. With compares from the generator, in the processing identical kind of work piece situation, the rotation type multiplex position tool-tool occupies the work area to have to be approximately smaller than from the generator 2/3.2 Further reduces from the generator meter timeAt present, take the mass production as the characteristic passenger vehicle and the light truck, its engine annual output usually is about600, 000, the realization such great volume production, the rotation type multiplex position aggregate machine-tool and from the generator in three class of movements situations, its meter time generally is 20~ 30 seconds, when the components production batch is bigger, the engine bed meter time also must shorter (table 1). In the 70's, must realize the such short meter from the generator, often must use the compound double location or the establishment double thread means, namely to decides from the generator meter,the working procedure time longest processing working procedure to have through the parallel two same proc essing’s location, if the restrictive working procedure are more time, then through uses two same from the generator balances from generator system processing meter. Obviously, like this must increase the equipment investment and the work area.Reduces the non-cutting time mainly is reduces including the work piece transportation, the processing module fast introduction as wells the processing module by quickly enters transforms enters after the labor cuts into the time to the cutting tool which the work piece spend. In order to reduce this part of spatial travel time, generally uses enhance the work piece (work piece direct transportation) or accompanies the jig the transfer rate and the processing module rapid traverse speed. At present, accompanies the jig the transfer rate tube possible to reach 60m/min or higher, the processing module rapid traverse speed reaches 40m/min. At present, accompanies the jig high speed feed way commonly used to have the proportion valve to control or the cycloid actuation feedway. At the end of the 70's, Hon berg Corporation has used the feed way in its processing gear box body from the generator in which the proportion valve controls. Should from generator long 18.2m, some 12 Canadian location, transportation step of distance be 1400mm, the transportation weights 7000kg, the transfer rate reaches 45.6m/min, step of distance transportation time is only 2.5s. Chart 4 is this feed way state of motion curve. Because the proportion valve control system haste good start and the braking quality, also the system structure is simple, until now, this kind of feed way still many is used from the generator.3 Aggregate machine-tool flexibility progress is rapidMore than ten for years, took the aggregate machine-tool important user the automobile industry, for caters to the people individuality demand, the automobile aberration variety increases day by day, launches the competition by the multi- varieties to become one of auto market competition characteristics, this causes the tool-tool manufacturing industry to face is changing form thematic- varieties production challenge. In order to adapt themulti-varieties production, the tradition processes the sole variety the rigidity aggregate machine tool and must enhance its flexibility from the generator. In the 70's, the numerical control system reliability had the very big enhancement, therefore to at the end of the 70's and at the beginning of the 80's, like Align, Hüller-Hille and company and so on Ex-cell-o develops the numerical control processing module and the flexibility one after another from the generator, from this time on the numerical control aggregate machine-tool and the flexibility increase year by year from the generator. From 1988 to1992, the Japan aggregate machine-tool and (including partial other forms special purpose machine) the output numerical control rate has reached 32% from the generator ~ 39%, the output value numerical control ratio reaches 35% ~ 51%; The Germany aggregate machine-too land from the generator output numerical control rate is 18% ~ 62%, the output value numerical control rate reaches 45% ~ 66%. These numerals indicated that, in the recent ten years, the tool-tool numerical control development is extremely rapid. Should point out that, since has entered for the 90's, the auto market competition hastens intensely, the produce market lifefurther reduces, the new vehicle type development cycle reduces (at present generally is day by day 35 months), the automobile variety unceasingly increases, thus the automobile industry increases day by day to the flexible automation technical equip demand quantity. If the Japanese Toyota car company, is the company subordinate factory flexibility processing system popular rate achieves 100% in this century's end goal. Very obviously, the aggregate machine tool and its at maintains its high production efficiency from the generator under the condition, further enhances its flexibility on increasingly to have the vital significance.The aggregate machine-tool flexibility mainly is through uses the numerical control technology to realize. The development flexibility aggregate machine-tool and the flexibility develops the numerical control processing module from the generator important premise, but has the longer development history the processing center technology to provide the mature experience for the development numerical control processing module. Flexibility aggregate machine-tool and flexibility’scomposed which by the numerical control processing module from generator, the passable application and the change numerical control procedure realizes from moves the knife, automatically replaces the change processing traveling schedule, the operating cycle, the cutting parameter as well as processes the position and soon, adapts the aberration variety processing. The flexibility aggregate machine-tool and the flexibility the numerical control processing module which use from the generator, according to its numerical control coordinates (axis) the number, mainly has the single coordinates (Z), the double coordinates (X-Z, Y-Z, Z-U and Z-B and soon) and three coordinates (X-Y-Z) processes the module; According toots main axle number, has the single axle and the multiple spindle processing module, also has the single axle and the multiple spindle compound process.The column moves the type CNC three coordinates processing’s module tube possible to use X axis and the Y axis linkage realizes the peripheral craft, specially when gear box body this kind of rigidity worse work piece, mayuse compares the minor diameter the milling cutter, the realization is high speed (cutting speed to reach 2500m/min) peripheral, from this reduces time the processing the work piece distortion. This uses the double coordinates processing module with the large diameter milling cutter to carry on much more superior than. The multiple spindle-processing module is another kind of important module, mainly uses in to process the box body and the plate class work piece flexibility aggregate machine-tool and the flexibility from the generator. This kind of module has the many kinds of different structural style, but basically may divide into from moves the box type multiple spindle processing module (chart 7), transfers the tower system multiple spindle processing module (chart 8) and the rotation work table model multiple spindle processing module (chart 9). From moves the box type module because may specially establish in many storehouses stores up therefore may use for to process more different varieties the work piece. But transfers the tower system and the rotation work table model multiplespindle processing module, because allows the rotary table which installs to be limited (generally is 4 ~ 6), therefore this kind of processing module only can realize the limited variety processing system multiple spindle processing module, not only may realize the different variety work piece processing, moreover in from generator meter time in (if metre adequate time), this kind of processing module also may in the identical Canadian location through it from moves the knife or trades the box, realizes the multi channel processing working procedure (to bethink in turn The drill hole, drills outland attacks the silk), thus reduces from the generator processing labor figure, reduces from the generator length. The single axle and the multiple spindle compound processing module is one kind of three coordinates numerical controls processing module, passable from has moved the knife either automatically replaces realizes the single axle processing or the multiple spindle processing. Is worth mentioning, Corporation promotes the CNCMACH modulation system in 80'sintermediate stages Germany Hon berg (chart 10) is hasthe characteristic very much one kind of modular system, this system full application modulation structure principle, in took the system base module in the CNC three coordinates module, through fluctuates each kind of different function module, assembles Cheng Gashing the different coordinates or does not use the craft use the processing module. To be specific, looking from the coordinates, besides three coordinates, but also may the group form a pair the coordinates and the single coordinates processing module; Looking from the knife storehouse that, may install the cutting tool store house may alone realize the cutting tool automatic replacements, also may realize the cutting tool replacements in turn.CNC MACH system, not only in mechanism aspect, moreover in aspect ands on control and software also is the modulation. Therefore, uses this system module, may very conveniently assemble the flexibility from the generator (FTL), the flexible processing unit (FMC) or the flexible manufacture system (FMS). Besides above each kind of CNCprocessing module, the robot and the servo actuatethe jig also are the flexibility aggregate machine-tool and the flexibility from the generator important part. Specially in the flexibility from the generator in, at present comparatively generally has used the Dragon Gate type spatial frame robot to carry on the work piece on the automatic yummy treats, uses in work piece indexing or the turn over. In order to transport the different work piece, may in from the generator nearby the establishment fingernail storehouse, the realization fingernail automatic replacement. The jig provides the servo drive, adapts in the work piece race the different work piece automatically to clamp. Chart 11 shows are a processing carrying capacity truck eight kind of gearboxes bodies’ flexibility from the generator. This line uses the numerical control processing module has four double coordinates numerical controls module, six numerical controls transfers the tower system multiple spindle processing module and six numerical controls three coordinates processing module. The auxiliary location has cleans the location and uses the robot to carry on the operation the attire to clamp the workstation.Because composes from the generator processing module all is the numerical control, when by one kind of work piece processing transformation for another kind of work piece processing, only must be good through the change numerical control procedure, but did not need to carry on aspect the and so on machinery adjustment and the equipment.The aggregate machine-tool reduces day by day from the generator flexibility rapid development and the meter time, fully had demonstrated the CNC technology and the cutting tool technology the huge technology advancement which bring for the aggregate machine-tool automatic line, causes the flexibility from the generator in thematic- varieties, the mass production to become the important technical equip. But must point out in here that, during the tool-tool and from generator realization flexibility development, the processing center high-speed development exceptionally is rapid. At the beginning of the 90's, the flexible production line which discomposed by this kind of high speed processing center enter the mass realm of production, appeared the processing center and from thegenerator competition aspect.------ Rajput R K Elements of Mechanical Engineering. Katson Publ.House 组合机床现状与前景 组合机床和组合机床自动线是一种专用高效自动化技术装备，目前，由于它仍是大批量机械产品实现高效、 高质量和经济性生产的关键装备，因而被广泛应用于汽车、拖拉机、内燃机和压缩机等许多工业生产领域。
机床行业中英文对照
机床行业中英文对照下面是机床行业中常见的英文对照：- 机床行业：Machine tool industry- 机床：Machine tool- 数控机床：Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tool - 金属切削机床：Metal cutting machine tool- 金属加工机床：Metal processing machine tool- 金属成型机床：Metal forming machine tool- 车床：Lathe- 铣床：Milling machine- 钻床：Drilling machine- 磨床：Grinding machine- 塑料加工机床：Plastic processing machine tool- 精密机床：Precision machine tool- 自动化机床：Automated machine tool- 机床控制系统：Machine tool control system- 数控系统：Numerical control system- 机床加工能力：Machine tool processing capacity- 加工精度：Processing accuracy- 切削速度：Cutting speed- 进给速度：Feed rate- 主轴转速：Spindle speed- 工件夹紧：Workpiece clamping- 工件定位：Workpiece positioning- 刀具选择：Tool selection- 刀具更换：Tool change- 冷却液：Coolant- 刀柄：Tool holder- 加工中心：Machining center- 排屑：Chip removal- 刀具磨损：Tool wear- 折弯机：Bending machine- 冲床：Punching machine- 压力机：Press machine- 剪板机：Shearing machine- 抛光机：Polishing machine- 螺纹机床：Thread cutting machine tool - 铸造机床：Casting machine tool- 灰铁：Gray iron- 球墨铸铁：Ductile iron- 铝合金：Aluminum alloy- 不锈钢：Stainless steel- 最大加工尺寸：Maximum processing size - 机床设计：Machine tool design- 机床制造：Machine tool manufacturing - 机床市场：Machine tool market- 机床出口：Machine tool export- 机床进口：Machine tool import- 机床行业协会：Machine tool industry association。
机床专业英语明细（部分整理）
机床专业英语明细（部分整理）关于机床的英文翻译A．金属切削机床—Metal Cutting Machine Tools1.0 车床（含数控）--Lathe (CNC included)1.1 卧式车床—Horizontal lathes1.2 立式车床—Vertical lathes1.3 多轴车床—Multi-spindle lathes1.4 多刀车床—Multi-tool lathes1.5 超精车床—Ultra-precision turning mathines1.6 专用车床—Special purpose lathes1.7 车削中心—Turning center1.8 车/铣复合中心—Turning/Milling machines1.9 其他—Others2.0铣床（含数控）--Milling Machines (CNC included)2.1 升降台铣床—Knee type milling machines2.2 万能工具铣床—Universal tool milling machines2.3 床身式铣床—Bed type milling machines2.5 刨台式铣床—Plano milling machines2.6 多头铣床—Multi-spindle milling machines2.7 桥式/龙门式铣床—Bridge type/gantry milling machines2.8其他—Others3.0 镗床（含数控）--Boring Machines (CNC included)3.1 卧式镗床—Horizontal boring machines3.2 立式镗床—Vertical boring machines3.3 定柱式镗铣床—Fixed column boring and milling machines3.4 动柱式镗铣床—Moving column boring and milling machines3.5 龙门式镗铣床—Gantry type boring and milling machines3.6 坐标镗床—Jig boring machines3.7其他—Others4.0 钻削和攻丝机床（含数控）--Drilling and Tapping Machines(CNC ncluded) 4.1 立式钻床—Vertical drilling machines4.2 摇臂钻床—Redial drilling machines4.3 深孔钻床—Deep hole drilling machines4.4 多轴钻床—Multi-spindle drilling machines4.5 钻削中心—Drilling center4.6 攻丝机—Tapping machines4.7其他—Others5.0 磨床（含数控）--Grinding Machines(CNC included)5.1 砂带磨床—Abrasive belt grinding machines5.2 外圆磨床—Cylindrical grinding machines5.3 内圆磨床—Internal grinding machines5.4 无心磨床—Centerless grinding machines5.5 平面磨床—Surface grinding machines5.6 工具磨床—T ool grinding machines5.7 成型磨床—Form grinding machines5.8 凸轮轴和曲轴磨床—Camshaft and crankshaft grinding machines5.9 轴承专用磨床—Bearing grinding machines5.10 导轨磨床—Guideway grinding machines5.11 轧辊磨床—Roller grinding machines5.12 坐标磨床—Jig grinding machines5.13 超精磨床—Super-finishing grinding machines5.14 缓进给磨床—Creep feed grinding machines5.15 万能磨床—Universal grinding machines5.16 单盘/双盘盘端面磨床—Single/double-disk grinding machines5.17 珩磨机—Honing machines5.18 研磨/抛光/超精加工机—Lapping/polishing/super-finishing machines5.19 专用磨床—Special purpose grinding machines5.20其他—Others6.0 齿轮加工机床（含数控）--Gear Cutting Machines (CNC included)6.1 滚齿机床—Gear hobbing machines6.2 插齿机床—Gear shaping machines6.3 铣齿、切齿机床—Gear cutting machines6.4 剃齿机床—Gear shaving machines6.5 磨齿机床—Gear grinding machines6.6 王行齿机床—Gear honing and gear polishing machines6.7 齿轮倒圆机床—Gear chamfering machines6.8 齿轮去毛刺机床—Gear deburring machines6.9其他—Others7.1 圆锯机床—Circular sawing machines7.2 带锯机床—Band sawing machines7.3 弓锯机床—Hack sawing machines7.4 插床—Shaping machines7.5 拉床—Broaching machines7.6 刨床—Planning machines7.7 专用机床—Special purpose machines7.8其他—Others8.0 组合机床及组合部件（含数控）--Transfer Line &Modular Units (CNC included) 8.1 组合机床—Modular machine tools8.2 组合机床生产线—Transfer lines8.3 组合机床通用部件—Modular units8.4 旋转分度台部件—Rotary indexing table units8.5 装配机及装配自动线—Assembling machines & assembling systems8.6 专用机床及部件—Special purpose machines andcomponents8.7其他—Others9.0 加工中心及并联机床—Machining Centres and Parallel Kinematical Machines (PK M)9.1 卧式加工中心—Horizontal machining centres9.2 立式加工中心—Vertical machining centres9.3 龙门式加工中心—Gantry machining centres9.4 并联机床—Parallel kinematical machines (PKM)9.5其他—Others10.1 光饰机—Finishing machines10.2 抛光机—Polishing machines10.3 倒角机—Chamfering machines10.4 螺钉、螺母、螺纹和铆钉生产设备—Machines for production of bolts,nuts,screws and rivets10.5 平衡机—Banlancing machines。
组合机床论文中英文资料外文翻译文献
中英文资料外文翻译文献TRANSFER AND UNIT MACHINEWhile the specific intention and application for transfer and unit machine vary from one machine type to another, all forms of transfer and unit machine have common benefits. Here are but a few of the more important benefits offered by TRANSFER AND UNIT MACHINE equipment.The first benefit offered by all forms of transfer and unit machine is improved automation. The operator intervention related to producing workpieces can be reduced or eliminated. Many transfer and unit machine can run unattended during their entire machining cycle, freeing the operator to do other tasks. This gives the transfer and unit machine user several side benefits including reduced operator fatigue, fewer mistakes caused by human error, and consistent and predictable machining time for each workpiece. Since the machine will be running under program control, the skill level required of the transfer and unit machine operator (related to basic machining practice) is also reduced as compared to a machinist producing workpieces with conventional machine tools.The second major benefit of transfer and unit machine technology is consistent and accurate workpieces. Today's transfer and unit machines boast almost unbelievable accuracy and repeatability specifications. This means that once a program is verified, two, ten, or one thousand identical workpieces can be easily produced with precision and consistency.rd benefit offered by most forms of transfer and unit machine tools is flexibility. Since these machines are run from programs, running a different workpieceis almost as easy as loading a different program. Once a program has been verified and executed for one production run, it can be easily recalled the next time the workpiece is to be run. This leads to yet another benefit, fast change over. Since these machines are very easy to set up and run, and since programs can be easily loaded, they allow very short setup time. This is imperative with today's just-in-time (JIT) product requirements.Motion control - the heart of transfer and unit machineThe most basic function of any transfer and unit machine is automatic, precise, and consistent motion control. Rather than applying completely mechanical devices to cause motion as is required on most conventional machine tools, transfer and unit machines allow motion control in a revolutionary manner2. All forms of transfer and unit machine equipment have two or more directions of motion, called axes. These axes can be precisely and automatically positioned along their lengths of travel. The two most common axis types are linear (driven along a straight path) and rotary (driven along a circular path).Instead of causing motion by turning cranks and handwheels as is required on conventional machine tools, transfer and unit machines allow motions to be commanded through programmed commands. Generally speaking, the motion type (rapid, linear, and circular), the axes to move, the amount of motion and the motion rate (feedrate) are programmable with almost all transfer and unit machine tools.A transfer and unit machine command executed within the control tells the drive motor to rotate a precise number of times. The rotation of the drive motor in turn rotates the ball screw. And the ball screw drives the linear axis (slide). A feedback device (linear scale) on the slide allows the control to confirm that the commanded number of rotations has taken place3. Refer to fig.1.Fig.1Though a rather crude analogy, the same basic linear motion can be found on a common table vise. As you rotate the vise crank, you rotate a lead screw that, in turn, drives the movable jaw on the vise. By comparison, a linear axis on a transfer and unit machine machine tool is extremely precise. The number of revolutions of the axis drive motor precisely controls the amount of linear motion along the axis.How axis motion is commanded - understanding coordinate systemsIt would be infeasible for the transfer and unit machine user to cause axis motion by trying to tell each axis drive motor how many times to rotate in order to command a given linear motion amount4. (This would be like having to figure out how many turns of the handle on a table vise will cause the movable jaw to move exactly one inch!) Instead, all transfer and unit machine controls allow axis motion to be commanded in a much simpler and more logical way by utilizing some form of coordinate system. The two most popular coordinate systems used with transfer and unit machines are the rectangular coordinate system and the polar coordinate system. By far, the more popular of these two is the rectangular coordinate system.The program zero point establishes the point of reference for motion commands in a transfer and unit machine program. This allows the programmer to specify movements from a common location. If program zero is chosen wisely, usually coordinates needed for the program can be taken directly from the print.With this technique, if the programmer wishes the tool to be sent to a position one inch to the right of the program zero point, X1.0 is commanded. If the programmer wishes the tool to move to a position one inch above the program zero point, Y1.0 is commanded. The control will automatically determine how many times to rotate each axis drive motor and ball screw to make the axis reach the commanded destination point . This lets the programmer command axis motion in a very logical manner. Refer to fig.2, 3.Fig.2Fig.3All discussions to this point assume that the absolute mode of programming is used6. The most common transfer and unit machine word used to designate the absolute mode is G90. In the absolute mode, the end points for all motions will be specified from the program zero point. For beginners, this is usually the best and easiest method of specifying end points for motion commands. However, there is another way of specifying end points for axis motion.In the incremental mode (commonly specified by G91), end points for motions are specified from the tool's current position, not from program zero. With this method of commanding motion, the programmer must always be asking "How far should I move the tool?" While there are times when the incremental mode can be very helpful, generally speaking, this is the more cumbersome and difficult method of specifying motion and beginners should concentrate on using the absolute mode.Be careful when making motion commands. Beginners have the tendency tothink incrementally. If working in the absolute mode (as beginners should), the programmer should always be asking "To what position should the tool be moved?" This position is relative to program zero, NOT from the tools current position.Aside from making it very easy to determine the current position for any command, another benefit of working in the absolute mode has to do with mistakes made during motion commands. In the absolute mode, if a motion mistake is made in one command of the program, only one movement will be incorrect. On the other hand, if a mistake is made during incremental movements, all motions from the point of the mistake will also be incorrect.Assigning program zeroKeep in mind that the transfer and unit machine control must be told the location of the program zero point by one means or another. How this is done varies dramatically from one transfer and unit machine and control to another8. One (older) method is to assign program zero in the program. With this method, the programmer tells the control how far it is from the program zero point to the starting position of the machine. This is commonly done with a G92 (or G50) command at least at the beginning of the program and possibly at the beginning of each tool.Another, newer and better way to assign program zero is through some form of offset. Refer to fig.4. Commonly machining center control manufacturers call offsets used to assign program zero fixture offsets. Turning center manufacturers commonly call offsets used to assign program zero for each tool geometry offsets.Fig. 4Flexible manufacturing cellsA flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) can be considered as a flexible manufacturing subsystem. The following differences exist between the FMC and the FMS:1.An FMC is not under the direct control of thecentral computer. Instead, instructions from the centralcomputer are passed to the cell controller.2.The cell is limited in the number of part families itcan manufacture.The following elements are normally found in an FMC:•Cell controller•Programmable logic controller (PLC)•More than one machine tool•A materials handling device (robot or pallet)The FMC executes fixed machining operations with parts flowing sequentially between operations.High speed machiningThe term High Speed Machining (HSM) commonly refers to end milling at high rotational speeds and high surface feeds. For instance, the routing of pockets in aluminum airframe sections with a very high material removal rate1. Over the past 60 years, HSM has been applied to a wide range of metallic and non-metallic workpiece materials, including the production of components with specific surface topography requirements and machining of materials with hardness of 50 HRC and above. With most steel components hardened to approximately 32-42 HRC, machining options currently include: Rough machining and semi-finishing of the material in its soft (annealed) condition heat treatment to achieve the final required hardness = 63 HRC machining of electrodes and Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of specific parts of dies and moulds (specifically small radii and deep cavities with limitedaccessibility for metal cutting tools) finishing and super-finishing of cylindrical/flat/cavity surfaces with appropriate cemented carbide, cermet, solid carbide, mixed ceramic or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN)For many components, the production process involves a combination of these options and in the case of dies and moulds it also includes time consuming hand finishing. Consequently, production costs can be high and lead times excessive.It is typical in the die and mould industry to produce one or just a few tools of the same design. The process involves constant changes to the design, and because of these changes there is also a corresponding need for measuring and reverse engineering .The main criteria is the quality level of the die or mould regarding dimensional, geometric and surface accuracy. If the quality level after machining is poor and if it cannot meet the requirements, there will be a varying need of manual finishing work. This work produces satisfactory surface accuracy, but it always has a negative impact on the dimensional and geometric accuracy.One of the main aims for the die and mould industry has been, and still is, to reduce or eliminate the need for manual polishing and thus improve the quality and shorten the production costs and lead times.Main economical and technical factors for the development of HSMSurvivalThe ever increasing competition in the marketplace is continually setting new standards. The demands on time and cost efficiency is getting higher and higher. This has forced the development of new processes and production techniques to take place. HSM provides hope and solutions...MaterialsThe development of new, more difficult to machine materials has underlined the necessity to find new machining solutions. The aerospace industry has its heat resistant and stainless steel alloys. The automotive industry has different bimetal compositions, Compact Graphite Iron and an ever increasing volume of aluminum3. The die and mould industry mainly has to face the problem of machining highhardened tool steels, from roughing to finishing.QualityThe demand for higher component or product quality is the result of ever increasing competition. HSM, if applied correctly, offers a number of solutions in this area. Substitution of manual finishing is one example, which is especially important on dies and moulds or components with a complex 3D geometry.ProcessesThe demands on shorter throughput times via fewer setups and simplified flows (logistics) can in most cases, be solved by HSM. A typical target within the die and mould industry is to completely machine fully hardened small sized tools in one setup. Costly and time consuming EDM processes can also be reduced or eliminated with HSM.Design & developmentOne of the main tools in today's competition is to sell products on the value of novelty. The average product life cycle on cars today is 4 years, computers and accessories 1.5 years, hand phones 3 months... One of the prerequisites of this development of fast design changes and rapid product development time is the HSM technique.Complex productsThere is an increase of multi-functional surfaces on components, such as new design of turbine blades giving new and optimized functions and features. Earlier designs allowed polishing by hand or with robots (manipulators). Turbine blades with new, more sophisticated designs have to be finished via machining and preferably by HSM . There are also more and more examples of thin walled workpieces that have to be machined (medical equipment, electronics, products for defence, computer parts) Production equipmentThe strong development of cutting materials, holding tools, machine tools, controls and especially CAD/CAM features and equipment, has opened possibilities that must be met with new production methods and techniques5.Definition of HSMSalomon's theory, "Machining with high cutting speeds..." on which, in 1931,took out a German patent, assumes that "at a certain cutting speed (5-10 times higher than in conventional machining), the chip removal temperature at the cutting edge will start to decrease..."Given the conclusion:" ... seems to give a chance to improve productivity in machining with conventional tools at high cutting speeds..."Modern research, unfortunately, has not been able to verify this theory totally. There is a relative decrease of the temperature at the cutting edge that starts at certain cutting speeds for different materials.The decrease is small for steel and cast iron. But larger for aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The definition of HSM must be based on other factors.Given today's technology, "high speed" is generally accepted to mean surface speeds between 1 and 10 kilometers per minute or roughly 3 300 to 33 000 feet per minute. Speeds above 10 km/min are in the ultra-high speed category, and are largely the realm of experimental metal cutting. Obviously, the spindle rotations required to achieve these surface cutting speeds are directly related to the diameter of the tools being used. One trend which is very evident today is the use of very large cutter diameters for these applications - and this has important implications for tool design.There are many opinions, many myths and many different ways to define HSM. Maintenance and troubleshootingMaintenance for a horizontal MCThe following is a list of required regular maintenance for a Horizontal Machining Center as shown in fig.5. Listed are the frequency of service, capacities, and type of fluids required. These required specifications must be followed in order to keep your machine in good working order and protect your warranty.fig. 5DailyTop off coolant level every eight hour shift (especially during heavy TSC usage).Check way lube lubrication tank level.Clean chips from way covers and bottom pan.Clean chips from tool changer.Wipe spindle taper with a clean cloth rag and apply light oil.Weekly•Check for proper operation of auto drain on filter regulator.On machines with the TSC option, clean the chip basket on the coolant tank.Remove the tank cover and remove any sediment inside the tank. Be careful to disconnect the coolant pump from the controller and POWER OFF the control before working on the coolant tank . Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option.Check air gauge/regulator for 85 psi.For machines with the TSC option, place a dab of grease on the V-flange of tools. Do this monthly for machines without the TSC option.Clean exterior surfaces with mild cleaner. DO NOT use solvents.Check the hydraulic counterbalance pressure according to the machine's specifications.Place a dab of grease on the outside edge of the fingers of the tool changer and run through all tools".MonthlyCheck oil level in gearbox. Add oil until oil begins dripping from over flow tube at bottom of sump tank.Clean pads on bottom of pallets.Clean the locating pads on the A-axis and the load station. This requires removing the pallet.•Inspect way covers for proper operation and lubricate with light oil, if necessary.Six monthsReplace coolant and thoroughly clean the coolant tank.Check all hoses and lubrication lines for cracking.Annually•Replace the gearbox oil. Drain the oil from the gearbox, and slowly refill it with 2 quarts of Mobil DTE 25 oil.•Check oil filter and clean out residue at bottom for the lubrication chart.Replace air filter on control box every 2 years.Mineral cutting oils will damage rubber based components throughout the machine.TroubleshootingThis section is intended for use in determining the solution to a known problem. Solutions given are intended to give the individual servicing the TRANSFER AND UNIT MACHINE a pattern to follow in, first, determining the problem's source and, second, solving the problem.Use common senseMany problems are easily overcome by correctly evaluating the situation. All machine operations are composed of a program, tools, and tooling. You must look at all three before blaming one as the fault area. If a bored hole is chattering because of an overextended boring bar, don't expect the machine to correct the fault.Don't suspect machine accuracy if the vise bends the part. Don't claim hole mis-positioning if you don't first center-drill the hole.Find the problem firstMany mechanics tear into things before they understand the problem, hoping that it will appear as they go. We know this from the fact that more than half of all warranty returned parts are in good working order. If the spindle doesn't turn, remember that the spindle is connected to the gear box, which is connected to the spindle motor, which is driven by the spindle drive, which is connected to the I/O BOARD, which is driven by the MOCON, which is driven by the processor. The moral here is don't replace the spindle drive if the belt is broken. Find the problem first; don't just replace the easiest part to get to.Don tinker with the machineThere are hundreds of parameters, wires, switches, etc., that you can change in this machine. Don't start randomly changing parts and parameters. Remember, there is a good chance that if you change something, you will incorrectly install it or break something else in the process6. Consider for a moment changing the processor's board. First, you have to download all parameters, remove a dozen connectors, replace the board, reconnect and reload, and if you make one mistake or bend one tiny pin it WON'T WORK. You always need to consider the risk of accidentally damaging the machine anytime you work on it. It is cheap insurance to double-check a suspect part before physically changing it. The less work you do on the machine the better.组合机床虽然各种组合机床的功能和应用各不相同，但它们有着共同的优点。
组合机床及其自动生产线外文文献翻译、中英文翻译
XX外文翻译专业学生姓名班级学号指导教师外文资料名称CONSTITUTE MACHINE TOOL AND ITSAUTOMATION ASSEMBLY LINE外文资料出处：JOURNAL OF HEFEI UNIVERSITY OF(用外文写)TECHNOLOGY附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文2.外文原文组合机床及其自动生产线摘要：组合机床及其自动生产线是集机电于一体的自动化程度较高的制造技术和成套工艺装备,它的特征是高效、高质、经济实用,因而被广泛用于工程机械、交通、能源、军工、轻工、家电等行业。
本文根据工厂需要,设计一台能高效加工大批量产品的专用组合机床。
文章从工艺方案设计、总体设计、部件设计等几部分进行设计。
关键词：组合机床；自动控制；机床；许多情况下，成型加工出来的工件必须在尺寸和光洁度方面进一步精整，以满足它们的设计技术要求。
为满足精度公差，需要从工件上去掉小量的材料。
通常机床就是用于这种加工的设备。
通过切削工具使工件成型达到所需的尺寸，机床通过其基础构件的功能作用，以控制相互关系，支持、夹紧工具和工件，基本部件列举如下：a) 床身. 这是个主要部件，它为主轴、拖板箱等提供了一个基础和连接中介，在负载作用下，它必须使形变和振动保持最小。
b) 拖板箱和导轨. 机床部件（如拖板箱）的移动，通常是在精确的导轨面约束下靠直线运动来实现。
c) 主轴和轴承. 角位移是围绕一个旋转轴线发生的。
该轴线的位置必须在机床中极端精确的限度内保持恒定，而且是靠精密的主轴和轴承来提供保证。
d) 动力装置. 电机是为机床普遍采用的动力装置，通过对各个电机的合适定位，使皮带和齿轮传动装置减少到最少。
e) 传动连杆机构. 连杆机构是个通用术语，用来代表机械、液压、气动或电动机构，这些机构与确定的角位移和线位移相互关联。
加工工艺主要由两部分组成:a) 粗加工工艺. 粗加工，金属切除率高，因而切削力也较大，但其所要求的精度较低。
组合机床名词解释
组合机床名词解释
组合机床(transfer and unit machine)是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定形状和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。
组合机床一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，组合机床一般用于加工箱体类或特殊形状的零件。
组合机床是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定外形和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。
它一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。
由于通用部件已经标准化和系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。
因此，组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批、大量生产中得到广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。
组合机床一般用于加工箱体类或非凡外形的零件。
加工时，工件一般不旋转，由刀具的旋转运动和刀具与工件的相对进给运动，来实现钻孔、扩孔、锪孔、铰孔、镗孔、铣削平面、切削内外螺纹以及加工外圆和端面等。
有的组合机床采用车削头夹持工件使之旋转，由刀具作进给运动，也可实现某些回转体类零件(如飞轮、汽车后桥半轴等)的外圆和端
面加工。
专用机床是随着汽车工业的兴起而发展起来的。
在专用机床中某些部件因重复使用，逐步发展成为通用部件，因而产生了组合机床。
组合机床未来的发展将更多的采用调速电动机和滚珠丝杠等传动，以简化结构、缩短生产节拍;采用数字控制系统和主轴箱、夹具自动更换系统，以提高工艺可调性;以及纳入柔性制造系统等。
(完整版)组合机床外文翻译
Development and application of combined machine tool The combination of machine tools based on general parts, workpiece supported by the specific shape and design of special processing of parts and fixtures, the composition semiautomatic or automatic special machine. Combination machine generally adopts multi shaft, knife, more processes, more or multiple locations simultaneously processes, and production efficiency ratio general machine tool high several times to several times. As generic components have been standardized and serialized, may need to be flexible configuration, can shorten design and manufacturing cycle. Therefore, the aggregate machine-tool has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost, the large, mass production to be widely applied, and can be used to compose the automatic production line. Processing, workpiece generally does not rotate, by movement of the rotatable cutter and tool and workpiece relative feed movement, to achieve drilling, reaming, counterboring, reaming, boring, milling, cutting and processing of external thread face and etc.. Some combination machine adopts clamping workpiece machining head to rotate, by the tool for the feed movement, also can achieve some rotating parts ( such as car rear axle flywheel, etc.) of the face and processing.In twentieth Century since the 70's, along with the cutting tool with indexable inserts, dense gear milling cutter, boring size automatic detection and automatic compensation for tool technology development, combination of the machining accuracy of the machine tool is improved. Milling plane plane of up to 0.05mm and1000 mm, the surface roughness can be as low as 2.5to 0.63 microns; boring accuracy up to IT7~6, hole distance precision can reach 0.03~ 0.02 micron. A dedicated machine is along with the automobile industry development. In some parts of special machine tool for repeated use, and gradually developed into a general components, resulting in a combined machine tool. The earliest combination machine is made in the United States in 1911, for the processing of auto parts. Initially, the machine tool manufacturingplant has its own general component standard. In order to improve different factory universal interchangeability of the parts, and is convenient for users to use and repair.The Design ProcessDesigning starts with a need real.Existing apparatus may need improvements in durability, efficiency, weight, speed, or cost. New apparatus may be needed to perform a function previouslydone by men, such as computation, assembly, or servicing. With the objective wholly or partlyIn the design preliminary stage, should allow to design the personnel fully to display the creativity, not each kind of restraint., namely in front of the plan blueprint is corrected. Only then, only then does not send to stops up the innovation the mentality. Usually, must propose several sets of design proposals, then perform the comparison. Has the possibility very much in the plan which finally designated, has used certain not in plan some ideas which accepts.When the general shape and a few dimensions of the several components become apparent, analysis can begin in earnest. The analysis will have as its objective satisfactory or superior performance, plus safety and durability with minimum weight, and a competitive cost. Optimum proportions and dimensions will be sought for each critically loaded section, together with a balance between the strengths of the several components. Materials and their treatment will be chosen. These important objectives can be attained only by analysis based upon the principles of mechanics, such as those of static for reaction forces and for the optimum utilization of friction; of dynamics for inertia, acceleration, and energy; of elasticity and strength of materials for stress and deflection; of physical behavior of materials; and of fluid mechanics for lubrication and hydrodynamic drives. The analyses may be made by the same engineer who conceived the arrangement of mechanisms, or, in alarge company, they may be made by a separate analysis division or research group. Design is a reiterative and cooperative process, whether done formally or informally, and the analyst can contribute to phases other than his own. Product design requires much research and development. Many Concepts of an idea must be studied, tried, and then either used or discarded. Although the content of each engineering problem is unique, the designers follow the similar process to solve the problems.Machinery design covers the following contents.1. Provides an introduction to the design process , problemformulation ,safety factors.2. Reviews the material properties and static and dynamic loading analysis ,Including beam , vibration and impact loading.3. Reviews the fundamentals of stress and defection analysis.4. Introduces fatigue-failure theory with the emphasis on stress-life approaches to high-cycle fatigue design, which is commonly used in the design of rotation machinery.5. Discusses thoroughly the phenomena of wear mechanisms, surface contact stresses ,and surface fatigue.6. Investigates shaft design using the fatigue-analysis techniques.7. Discusses fluid-film and rolling-element bearing theory and application8. Gives a thorough introduction to the kinematics, design and stress analysis of spur gears , and a simple introduction to helical ,bevel ,and worm gearing.9. Discusses spring design including compression ,extension and torsion springs.10. Deals with screws and fasteners including power screw and preload fasteners.11. Introduces the design and specification of disk clutches and brakes.。
多功能组合机床外文翻译
Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool time Timothy and Jacobs, Denis' A receives then then, outstanding Philip U.S.A. Michigan universitySummary:The aggregate machine-tool machining center may cause the demand which the processing manufacturing industry adapts changes unceasingly, uses the pool of labor power effectively, and has the competitive power in global scale's market. Key word: Make the lathe up Regarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to descr ibe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. In the past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes. As a result of market demand's unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, today's market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit. Some tradition's manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex, very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training. Intuition type technical control The equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type design, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different size's thing can by the different speed growth. As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technology turned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”. According t o the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes. The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control system's formation alreadymade this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rest's automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization. Okuma Corporation's collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesized engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific model's engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply. The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it. If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from software's help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, therefore before replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine bed's some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person. In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3 individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make anymodel the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different discipline the viewpoint never to return. Regarding the programmers, this belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation. The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning. Since has moved the technology (engine bed) is this century develops is extremely rapid and one of influence enormous science and technology. The modern automation technology is one kind of completely new productive forces, is one of direct creation public wealth principal means that is playing the enormous promotion effect to humanity's production activity and the material civilization. Therefore, the automated technology receives various countries widely to take seriously with more and more applications. As machine tool has a strong interchangeability, it is necessary to improve the general level of production technology components to improve the accuracy of parts. Complete specification, dynamic and static performance parameters of advanced.In the machinery manufacturing industry, accounting for about 70% of small and medium batch production, in some of the production enterprises, such as machine tools, valve industry, with its key process using combination of machine tools. The development of adjustable, quick transfer, assembly and flexible to adapt to the characteristics of multi-species processing machine tool is very urgent. Turret machine tool spindle box, can be combined for box-type machine tool spindle and automatic tool change CNC machine tool can be used for small batch production, but the complex structure of such machines, the cost is higher.The development of new tools. Improve the durability of the tool, greatly shorten the combination of machine tool downtime and more time for tool change and improve the economic benefits of the combined machine.To develop automatic detection technology. Automatically detect the size and bows and arrows, including the hardness of the blank check, drilling depth, cutting tools break, finishing size and geometry of the inspection, due to the rapid development of electronic components, integrated controller, microprocessor applications, is more automated detection technology reliable, and can be machined components control the actual size smaller than the prescribed tolerance range, but also the workpiece can beprocessed are grouped according to tolerance, so that by grouping tolerance assembly. The machinery automation (engine bed), mainly refers to the machine-building industry applies the automated technology, realizes the processing object continuously the automatic production, realizes the optimized effective automatic production process, the increase production investment processing transformation and the flow rate. The machinery automation technology's application and the development, are the machine-building industry technological transformations, the technology advancement principal means and the technological development main direction. Machinery automation technical standards, not only affects the entire machine-building industry the development, and has the very tremendous immediate influence to the national economy various departments' technology advancement. Therefore, develops our country's machine-building industry automation technology, conforms to our country socialism basic principle, conforms to our country modern production law of development. How to develop our country's machinery automation technology (engine bed), here has the technical policy question, should be realistic, all embark from our country's concrete national condition, do each foundation work, takes the China's road of machinery automation technological development. The domestic and foreign industry history tells us, realizes the machinery automation is from to high-level, from simply to complex, from is preliminarily imperfect the consummation the developing process. After machine's operation uses the automatic regulator, the production method only then gradually transits from the mechanization to the mechanism control (tradition) automated, the numerical control automation, the computer control automation. Only then after having established the Automated factory, the production process can overall automate, can make the productivity to enhance comprehensively, achieves automated the high-level ideal stage. The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reaction's ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system, namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definition's manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production method's machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger. In the 80s internationally appeared started to use computer integration manufacture system CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing), the flexible automation production pattern also had thiskind of situation. The initial period take the information integration as a key point, take the high automaticity as the characteristic, but in realized in the process to encounter the difficulty. In view of the fact that realizes the large amount investment which the computer integration manufacture system's automation overall needs (an overall Automated factory to spend several hundred hundred million US dollars, flexible manufacture system regular price is 600 ~ 25,000,000 US dollars), undertakes the huge risk, in addition questions and so on technical difficulty and reliability, the world industrially advanced country started “to run into a wall produces a dif ferent product”, transfers pays great attention the information integration the effect, pursues low cost automation LCA (Low Cost Automation) enterprise organizational structure and movement way. The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw, will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhances the craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on. Machine tool and general purpose machine tools and other special machine comparison, has the following characteristics:1) The combination of machine tool parts and standard parts common about all the machine parts and components of the total 70 to 80%, so the design and manufacturing cycle is short, less investment, high efficiency, good economic results.2) The combination of multi-machine tool processing, and high degree of automation, so tools than general-purpose high production efficiency, product quality and stability, low labor intensity.3) General machine tool components are carefully designed and long-term production practice test, another batch manufacturing plant, so the structure stable, reliable, easy to use and maintenance.4) When processing parts on a combination machine, the use of special fixtures, tools and guidance devices, processing quality assurance by the technology and equipment, less demanding on the operative level.5) When the processing of product updates, the use of other types of special machine tools, its most of the pieces to be scrapped. Combination machine tool, its common parts and standard parts can be reused, do not be designed and manufactured.6) machine tool automatic machine tool easily linked into line to meet the needs of large-scale production. Machine tool commonly used in general components are: body, base, column, power box, power slide, cutting a variety of first class technology. For some sequential processing by the multi-station machine tool, also has a movable table or rotary table. Power box, cutting head and a variety of technology is a combination of power sliding table cutting machine to complete the main campaign or feed movement of the power unit. Also managed to complete the cutting of which the main movement and feed movement of the power head. Body, column, the middle base is a combination of machine tools and other supporting components, play a machine based skeleton. Machine tool parts between rigidity and accuracy of preservation, mainly by these parts guarantee.多功能组合机床美国密歇根大学菲利普摘要：总的机床加工中心需求的变化，这可能会导致加工制造业不断变化，采用有效的劳动力集中，并在全球范围内提高市场竞争力。
机床行业常用英文对照【范本模板】
机床行业常用英文对照3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A。
T。
C.system 加工中心机刀库Aluminum continuous melting ＆holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings 轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive 带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting，gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting，steel 铸钢Chain drive 链传动Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire—cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire—cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具Cutting-off machines 切断机Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Dicing saws 晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies—progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines，high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines，vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines（EDM）电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines，laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具Forging dies 锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软）板（片）材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines，centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes，heavy—duty 重型车床Lathes，high—speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers，general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal ＆vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers，vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines，duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines，horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines，turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines，vertical 立式铣床Milling machines，vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold & die components 模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe ＆tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses，cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses，crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses，forging 锻压机Presses，hydraulic 液压冲床Presses，knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses，pneumatic 气动冲床Presses，servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool—maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches 扳手（2）：按中文拼音字母排序铝轮冒口切断机Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels离心压力机Presses,eccentric六角立式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical六角车床Lathes,turret螺栓，螺帽及螺丝Bolts，screws & nuts螺纹磨床Grinders,thread冷却机Coolers冷锻Forging,cold冷锻冲压机Presses,cold forging立式双柱加工中心Machining centers，vertical double—column type 立式铣床Milling machines，vertical立式油压拉床Vertical hydraulic broaching machine立式刨床Planing machines vertical立式车床Lathes,vertical立式带锯Saws,vertical band立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical立式及卧式铣床Milling machines，vertical ＆horizontal立式钻床Drilling machines，vertical联轴器Coupling连续溶解保温炉Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续冲模Dies—progressive链传动Chain drive切断机Cutting—off machinesCNC刀杆CNC toolings曲柄压力机presses,crank修整机Finishing machines舍弃式刀头Disposable toolholder bits润滑系统Lubrication Systems润滑液Lubricants熔热处理炉Heating treatment funaces三爪、分割工具头3—Jaws indexing spacers伺服冲床Presses，servo输送链Conveying chains手工具Hand tools砂轮修整器Wheel dressers蚀刻机Etching machines外圆磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical搪磨机Honing machines搪孔头Boring heads卧式铣床Milling machines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontal band卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical万能铣床Milling machines,universal万能磨床Grinding machines，universal镗床Boring machines弯曲机Bending machines弯管机Tube bending machines通用加工中心Machining centers,general铜锻Forging，copper铣头Milling heads铣床Milling machines无心磨床Grinding machines,centerless无心精研机Lapping machines，centerless压模Pressing dies压铸冲模Die casting dies压铸机Die casting machines油冷却器Oil coolers造链机Chain making tools造线机Cable making tools造钉机Nail making machines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统PCB fine piecing systems摇臂钻床Drilling machines，radial硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 辗压机Rolling machines液压元件Hydraulic components液压冲床Presses,hydraulic液压动力元件Hydraulic power units液压工具Hydraulic power tools液压回转缸Hydraulic rotary cylindersP型PVC高分子防水P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant刨床Planing machines牛头刨床Shapers其他铸造Casting，other其他锻造Forging,other模芯Mold core模具Molds模具维修Mold repair模具打磨/磨纹Mold polishing/texturing 模具单元Mold & die components模具加热器/冷却器Mold heaters/chillers 磨轮Grinding wheels磨削工具Grinding tools磨床Grinding machines磨床工作台Grinder bench平衡设备Balancing equipment气油压虎钳Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气动冲床Presses，pneumatic气动工具Pneumatic power tools轴shafts轴承Bearings轴承配件Bearing fittings轴承加工机Bearing processing equipment 肘杆式压力机Presses，knuckle joint铸铝Casting，aluminium铸铜Casting,copper铸造设备Foundry equipment铸钢Casting,steel铸灰口铁Casting,gray iron织麦激光切割机Woven-Cutting machines 重力铸造机Gravity casting machines重型车床Lathes,heavy-duty主轴spindles扳手Wrenches拔丝机Drawing machines保温炉Heat preserving furnaces插床Slotting machines齿轮Gears齿轮切削机Gear cutting machines冲压机Stamping parts冲子研磨器Punch formers超声波打磨机Grinders,ultrasonic车床工作台Lathe bench磁性工具Magnetic tools传动链Transmitted chains床身式铣床Milling machines，bed type 带传动Belt drive带锯Saws，band带锯床Sawing machines，band电脑数控镗床CNC boring machines电脑数控弯折机CNC bending presses电脑数控铣床CNC milling machines电脑数控线切削机CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控磨床CNC grinding machines电脑数控车床CNC lathes电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC EDM wire—cutting machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC electric discharge machines电脑数控雕刻机CNC engraving machines电脑数控机床配件CNC machine tool fittings电脑数控剪切机CNC shearing machines电脑数控钻床CNC drilling machines电动刀具Electric power tools电火花机Electric discharge machines(EDM）雕刻机Engraving machines刀片Blades刀具Cutters倒角机Chamfer machines多轴钻床Drilling machines,multi—spindle锻铝Forging，aluminium锻压机Presses，forging锻模Forging dies仿形铣床Milling machines，duplicating粉末冶金成型机Powder metallurgic forming machines反射炉Reverberatory furnaces钢锻Forging,steel高速车床Lathes,high-speed高速钻床Drilling machines,high—speed管筒制造机Pipe ＆tube making machines滚筒Rollers工具磨床Grinders,tools ＆cutters攻螺丝机Tapping machines弓锯Saws,hack虎钳Vises换模系统Mold changing systems夹盘Chucks夹具Fixture夹具/支持系统Clamping/holding systems剪切机Shearing machines加工中心机刀库A。
机床常见英语英汉对照
机床行业常见英语英汉对照（1)：按英文字母排序3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings 轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive 带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws & nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting,steel 铸钢Chain drive 链传动Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具Cutting-off machines 切断机Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Dicing saws 晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies-progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具Forging dies 锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold & die components 模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches 扳手（2）：按中文拼音字母排序铝轮冒口切断机Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels离心压力机Presses,eccentric六角立式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical六角车床Lathes,turret螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Bolts,screws & nuts螺纹磨床Grinders,thread冷却机Coolers冷锻Forging,cold 冷锻冲压机Presses,cold forging立式双柱加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type立式铣床Milling machines,vertical立式油压拉床Vertical hydraulic broaching machine立式刨床Planing machines vertical立式车床Lathes,vertical立式带锯Saws,vertical band立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical立式及卧式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal立式钻床Drilling machines,vertical联轴器Coupling连续溶解保温炉Aluminum continuous melting & holding furnaces连续冲模Dies-progressive链传动Chain drive切断机Cutting-off machinesCNC刀杆CNC toolings曲柄压力机presses,crank修整机Finishing machines舍弃式刀头Disposable toolholder bits润滑系统Lubrication Systems润滑液Lubricants熔热处理炉Heating treatment funaces三爪、分割工具头3-Jaws indexing spacers 伺服冲床Presses,servo输送链Conveying chains手工具Hand tools砂轮修整器Wheel dressers蚀刻机Etching machines外圆磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical搪磨机Honing machines搪孔头Boring heads卧式铣床Milling machines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontal band卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical万能铣床Milling machines,universal万能磨床Grinding machines,universal镗床Boring machines弯曲机Bending machines弯管机Tube bending machines通用加工中心Machining centers,general铜锻Forging,copper铣头Milling heads铣床Milling machines无心磨床Grinding machines,centerless无心精研机Lapping machines,centerless压模Pressing dies压铸冲模Die casting dies压铸机Die casting machines油冷却器Oil coolers造链机Chain making tools造线机Cable making tools造钉机Nail making machines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统PCB fine piecing systems摇臂钻床Drilling machines,radial硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant辗压机Rolling machines液压元件Hydraulic components液压冲床Presses,hydraulic液压动力元件Hydraulic power units液压工具Hydraulic power tools液压回转缸Hydraulic rotary cylindersP型PVC高分子防水P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant刨床Planing machines牛头刨床Shapers其他铸造Casting,other其他锻造Forging,other模芯Mold core模具Molds模具维修Mold repair模具打磨/磨纹Mold polishing/texturing模具单元Mold & die components模具加热器/冷却器Mold heaters/chillers磨轮Grinding wheels磨削工具Grinding tools磨床Grinding machines磨床工作台Grinder bench平衡设备Balancing equipment气油压虎钳Pneumatic hydraulic clamps气动冲床Presses,pneumatic 气动工具Pneumatic power tools轴shafts轴承Bearings轴承配件Bearing fittings轴承加工机Bearing processing equipment 肘杆式压力机Presses,knuckle joint铸铝Casting,aluminium铸铜Casting,copper铸造设备Foundry equipment铸钢Casting,steel铸灰口铁Casting,gray iron织麦激光切割机Woven-Cutting machines 重力铸造机Gravity casting machines重型车床Lathes,heavy-duty主轴spindles扳手Wrenches拔丝机Drawing machines保温炉Heat preserving furnaces插床Slotting machines齿轮Gears齿轮切削机Gear cutting machines冲压机Stamping parts冲子研磨器Punch formers超声波打磨机Grinders,ultrasonic车床工作台Lathe bench磁性工具Magnetic tools传动链Transmitted chains床身式铣床Milling machines,bed type带传动Belt drive带锯Saws,band带锯床Sawing machines,band电脑数控镗床CNC boring machines电脑数控弯折机CNC bending presses电脑数控铣床CNC milling machines电脑数控线切削机CNC wire-cutting machines电脑数控磨床CNC grinding machines电脑数控车床CNC lathes电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC EDM wire-cutting machines电脑数控电火花机CNC electric discharge machines电脑数控雕刻机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控机床配件CNC machine toolfittings电脑数控剪切机CNC shearing machines电脑数控钻床CNC drilling machines电动刀具Electric power tools电火花机Electric discharge machines(EDM) 雕刻机Engraving machines刀片Blades刀具Cutters倒角机Chamfer machines多轴钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle锻铝Forging,aluminium锻压机Presses,forging锻模Forging dies仿形铣床Milling machines,duplicating粉末冶金成型机Powder metallurgic forming machines反射炉Reverberatory furnaces钢锻Forging,steel高速车床Lathes,high-speed高速钻床Drilling machines,high-speed管筒制造机Pipe & tube making machines滚筒Rollers工具磨床Grinders,tools & cutters攻螺丝机Tapping machines弓锯Saws,hack虎钳Vises换模系统Mold changing systems夹盘Chucks夹具Fixture夹具/支持系统Clamping/holding systems剪切机Shearing machines加工中心机刀库A.T.C.system激光切割Laser cutting激光雕刻机Engraving machines,laser激光钢板切割机Laser cutting for SMT stensil集合管Manifolds矫直机Straightening machines金属板成型机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板加工机Sheet metal working machines锯片Blades,saw锯床Sawing machines卷边工具Crimping tools 晶圆切割机Dicing saws精密平口钳Vises,tool-maker精研机Lapping machines可锻铸铁Casting,malleable iron快速换模系统Quick mold change systems 卡口Bayonet开关及按钮Switches & buttons钻石刀具Diamond cutters钻头drills钻模Jigs钻床Drilling machines钻床工作台Drilling machines bench自动压力机Presses,transfer金属切削metal cutting机床machine tool金属工艺学technology of metals刀具cutter摩擦friction联结link传动drive/transmission轴shaft弹性elasticity频率特性frequency characteristic误差error响应response定位allocation机床夹具jig动力学dynamic运动学kinematic静力学static分析力学analyse mechanics拉伸pulling压缩hitting剪切shear扭转twist弯曲应力bending stress强度intensity三相交流电three-phase AC磁路magnetic circles变压器transformer异步电动机asynchronous motor几何形状geometrical精度precision正弦形的sinusoid交流电路AC circuit机械加工余量machining allowance变形力deforming force变形deformation应力stress硬度rigidity热处理heat treatment退火anneal正火normalizing脱碳decarburization渗碳carburization电路circuit半导体元件semiconductor element反馈feedback发生器generator直流电源DC electrical source门电路gate circuit逻辑代数logic algebra外圆磨削external grinding内圆磨削internal grinding平面磨削plane grinding变速箱gearbox离合器clutch绞孔fraising绞刀reamer螺纹加工thread processing螺钉screw铣削mill铣刀milling cutter功率power工件workpiece齿轮加工gear mechining齿轮gear主运动main movement主运动方向direction of main movement进给方向direction of feed进给运动feed movement合成进给运动resultant movement of feed合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting 合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting切削深度cutting depth前刀面rake face刀尖nose of tool 前角rake angle后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench 淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel舍弃式刀头Di osabletoolholderbits润滑系统Lubricatio ystems润滑液Lubricants熔热处理炉Heatingtreatmentfunaces三爪、分割工具头3-Jawsindexing acers伺服冲床Pre es,servo输送链Conveyingchai手工具Handtools砂轮修整器Wheeldre ers蚀刻机Etchingmachines外圆磨床Grindingmachines,cylindrical搪磨机Honingmachines搪孔头Boringheads卧式铣床Millingmachines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontalband卧式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal 卧式及立式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal&am amp amp vertical万能铣床Millingmachines,universal万能磨床Grindingmachines,universal镗床Boringmachines弯曲机Bendingmachines弯管机Tubebendingmachines通用加工中心Machiningcenters,general铜锻Forging,co er铣头Millingheads铣床Millingmachines无心磨床Grindingmachines,centerle无心精研机La ingmachines,centerle压模Pre ingdies压铸冲模Diecastingdies压铸机Diecastingmachines油冷却器Oilcoolers造链机Chainmakingtools弯管机Tubebendingmachines通用加工中心Machiningcenters,general铜锻Forging,co er铣头Millingheads铣床Millingmachines无心磨床Grindingmachines,centerle无心精研机La ingmachines,centerle压模Pre ingdies压铸冲模Diecastingdies压铸机Diecastingmachines油冷却器Oilcoolers手工具Handtools砂轮修整器Wheeldre ers蚀刻机Etchingmachines外圆磨床Grindingmachines,cylindrical搪磨机Honingmachines搪孔头Boringheads卧式铣床Millingmachines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontalband卧式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal 卧式及立式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal&am amp amp vertical万能铣床Millingmachines,universal万能磨床Grindingmachines,universal镗床Boringmachines修整机Finishingmachines舍弃式刀头Di osabletoolholderbits润滑系统Lubricatio ystems润滑液Lubricants熔热处理炉Heatingtreatmentfunaces三爪、分割工具头3-Jawsindexing acers伺服冲床Pre es,servo输送链Conveyingchai手工具Handtools砂轮修整器Wheeldre ers蚀刻机Etchingmachines外圆磨床Grindingmachines,cylindrical搪磨机Honingmachines搪孔头Boringheads卧式铣床Millingmachines,horizontal卧式带锯Saws,horizontalband卧式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal 卧式及立式加工中心Machiningcenters,horizontal&am amp amp vertical万能铣床Millingmachines,universal 万能磨床Grindingmachines,universal 镗床Boringmachines弯曲机Bendingmachines弯管机Tubebendingmachines常见数控机床参数英语词汇AC 交流电AMP 安培APC 自动托盘交换装置APL 自动部件装载机ASCII 美国信息交换标准法规ATC 自动刀具交换装置ATC FWD 自动刀具交换装置前进ATC REV 自动刀具交换装置后退AWG 美国线规BHCS 圆头帽螺钉CAD 计算机辅助设计CAM 计算机辅助制造（辅助加工）CB 断路开关CC 立方厘米CCW 逆时针CFM 每分钟立方英尺CNC 计算机数控CNCR SPINDLE 与轴运动同步的芯轴CRC 循环冗余码校验数字CRT 阴极射线管CTS 清除发送CW 顺时针DB 牵引杆DC 直流电DGNOS 诊断DHCP 动态主机配置协议DIR 目录DNC 直接数字控制DOS 磁盘操作系统DTE 数据终端设备ENA CNVR 启动输送机EOB 块结束EOF 文件结束EPROM 可擦可编程只读存储器E-STOP 紧急停机FADAL 其他人FHCS 平头帽螺钉FT 英尺FU 保险丝FWD 前进GA 量规HAAS 正确的刀具HHB 六角头螺钉HP 马力HS 卧式系列加工中心ID 内径IGBT 隔离栅双极晶体管IN 英寸IOPCB 输入输出印刷电路板LAN 局域网LB 磅LED 发光二极管LO CLNT 冷却剂低压LOW AIR PR 低气压LVPS 低电压电源MB 兆字节(1百万)MCD RL Y BRD M-代码继电器盘MDI 手动数据输入MEM 存储器M-FIN M-代码完成MM 毫米MOCON 电动机控制器MOTIF 电动机接口MSG 信息MSHCP 公制插座帽螺钉NC 数字控制NC 常闭合NO 常开OD 外径OPER 操作员P 袋PARAM 参数PCB 印制电路板PGM 程序POR 通电复位POSIT 位置PROG 程序PSI 每平方英寸磅PWM 脉冲宽度调制RAM 随机存取存储器REPT RIG TAP 围盘轧制刚性螺丝攻RET 返回，回车REV CNVR 回动输送机RJH 遥控摇柄RPDBDN 旋转式托盘拉杆放下RPDBUP 旋转式托盘拉杆提起RPM 每分钟转数RIS 请求输送RXD 接收数据S 芯轴转速SDIST 伺服机构分配印制电路板SFM 每分钟平方英尺SHCS 套筒扳手头帽螺钉SIO 串行输入／输出SKBIF 串行键盘接口印制电路板SMTC 侧挂式刀具交换装置SP 芯轴T 刀具编号TC 刀具交换装置TIR 总指示偏转TNC 刀尖偏差TRP 刀具释放活塞IS 尾架ISC 通过芯轴的冷却剂TXD 发送数据VDI 德国工程师协会VF 立式铣床（第一台）VF-E 立式铣床－扩展型VMC 立式加工中心WAN 广域网。
完整版机床用语中英文对照
完整版机床用语中英文对照Aabrasion n.磨料，研磨材料，磨蚀剂,a.磨损的,磨蚀的abrasive belt n. 砂带abrasive belt grinding n. 砂带磨削，用研磨带磨光abrasive cut-off mach ine n. 砂轮切断机abrasive dress ing wheel n. 砂轮修整轮abrasive grain n. 磨料粒度abrasive grit n. 研磨用磨料，铁粒abrasive lapp ing wheel n. 磨料研磨轮accuracy of positi on n. 位置精度accuracy to shape n. 形状精度active cutt ing edge n. 主切削刃adapter flange n. 连接器法兰盘adjointing flanks n. 共轭齿廓align n.找中（心），找正，对中，对准，找平，调直，校直，调整，调准angle millingcutter n.角铣刀an gular grin di ng n. 斜面磨削，斜磨法an gular milli ng n. 斜面铣肖Uan gular plunge grinding n. 斜向切入磨肖Uan gular turning n.斜面车肖Uarbour n.刀杆，心轴，柄轴，轴，辊轴attachment n.附件，附件机构，联结，固接，联结法automatic bar machi ne n. 棒料自动车床automatic bori ng machi ne n. 自动镗床automatic copy ing lathe n. 自动仿形车床automatic double-head milli ng mach ine n. 自动双轴铣床automatic lathe n. 自动车床automatic turret lathe n. 自动转塔车床Bbelt grinding machi ne n. 砂带磨床bench lathe n. 台式车床bevel n.斜角，斜面，倾斜，斜切，斜角规，万能角尺，圆锥的，倾斜的，斜边, 伞齿轮，锥齿轮bevel gear cutt ing mach ine n. 锥齿轮切削机床bevel gear tooth system n. 锥齿轮系，锥齿轮传动系统borehole n.镗孔，镗出的孔，钻眼boring n. 镗孔，钻孔，穿孑L boring fixture n. 镗孔夹具bori ng machi ne n. 镗床bori ng tool n. 镗刀boring, drilling and milling machine n. 镗铣床broaching machine n. 拉床，铰孔机，剥孔机broach ing tool n.拉刀broad fin ishi ng tool n. 宽刃精切刀，宽刃精车刀，宽刃光切刀CCalibrate vt.校准〔正〕，刻度，分度，检查〔验〕，定标，标定，使标准化, 使符合标准cam con tour grin der n. 凸轮仿形磨床carbide tip n.硬质合金刀片carbide turni ng tool n. 硬质合金车刀carbide-tipped tool n. 硬质合金刀具cast iron machi ning n. 铸铁加工，铸铁切削加工cen terless cyli ndrical grin der n. 无心外圆磨床ceramic cutt ing tool n.金属陶瓷刀具chamfer n.;vt.倒角，倒棱chamfered cutt ing edge n. 倒角刀刃champ v.焦急champ ing fixture n. 快换夹具champ ing jaw n. 快换卡爪chaser n.螺纹梳刀，梳刀盘，板牙chatter vi.; n.振动，振荡，震颤，刀振cherry n.;a.樱桃，鲜红的，樱桃木制的chip n.切屑，铁屑，刀片，刀头，片，薄片，芯片，基片chip breaker groove radius n. 断屑槽底半径，卷屑槽底半径chip cleara nee n. 切屑间隙chip cross-sectio nal area n. 切屑横截面面积chip curl n.螺旋形切屑chip flow n. 切屑流chip formatio n n.切屑形成chip rem oving process n. 去毛刺加工chip variable n. 切屑变量chuck n.卡盘，夹盘，卡头，〔电磁〕吸盘，vt.固定，装卡，夹紧，卡住chucker n. 卡盘车床，卡角车床circular drillling machine n. 圆工作台钻床circular path n.环路，圆轨迹circular pitch measureme nt n. 周节测量circumfere nee n.圆周，周线，周界，周围，四周，范围close-gra ined a.纟田颗粒的coeffecie nt of tool thrust n. 刀具推力系数coil chip n. 卷状切屑cold circular saw n. 冷圆锯cold saw n.冷锯colum n drilli ng mach ine n. 圆〔方〕柱立式钻床combined drill and milling cutter n. 复合钻铣床complete traverse grinding n. 横进给磨削，切入磨肖Ucomputer-controlled machine n. 计算机控制机床，数控机床contact pattern n. 靠模con ti nu ous chip n. 连续切屑con ti nu ous spiral chip n. 连续螺旋切屑con tour n.轮廓，外形，外貌，轮廓线，回路，网路，电路，等高线，等值线，轮廓等高距a.仿形的，靠模的con tour grin di ng n. 仿形磨削，成形磨削con tour milli ng n.成形铣削，外形铣削，等高走刀曲面仿形法convex milli ng attachme nt n. 凸面铣削附件convex turni ng attachme nt n. 中凸车削附件，凸面车削附件coola nt lubrica nt n. 冷却润滑剂coola nt lubrica nt emulsi on n. 冷去卩润滑乳液〔剂〕copy n.样板，仿形，靠模工作法，拷贝复制品，v.复制，模仿,抄录copy grinding n. 仿形磨床copy-mill n.仿形铣copy ing turret lathe n. 仿形转塔车床corner n.角,弯〔管〕头，弯管counterbore n.埋头孔,沉孔,锥口孔，平底扩孔钻，平底锪钻，n.;vt.扩孔，锪孔，镗孔，镗阶梯孔cran kshaft grinding machi ne n. 曲轴磨床cran kshaft turni ng lathe n. 曲轴车床creep feed grinding n. 缓进给磨肖Ucross milli ng n. 横向铣削curly chip n.卷状切屑，螺旋形切屑，切屑螺旋cut v.;n.切削〔割〕，口，片，断，断开，削减，减少，断面，剖面，相交，凹槽cut off n.切断〔开，去〕，关闭，停车，停止，断开装置，断流器，挡板，截止，截流cut teeeth n.铣齿cut-off grinding n.砂轮截断，砂轮切割cutter n.刀具，切削工具，截断器，切断器，切断机cutting n.切削，切片，切割，切屑，金属屑，截槽cutti ng edge profile n.切削刃轮廓〔外形，断面〕，切削刃角度cutt ing force n. 切削力cutti ng lip n.切削刃，刀刃，钻唇，钻刃cutt ing operation n. 切削加工，切削操作，切削作业cutti ng rate n.切削效率，切削速率cutti ng tool n.刀具，切削工具，刃具cycle n.周期，周，循环，一个操作过程，轮转，自行车cyli ndrical grin der n. 夕卜圆磨床Ddamage n.;vt.损坏〔害，伤，耗，失〕，破坏，事故，故障，伤害，危害deep-hole drilling n.深孔钻肖Udeep-hole milli ng n. 深孔铣削design n.设计，计算，计划，方案，设计书，图纸die-si nking n.凹模dime nsio n n.尺寸，尺度，维度，量纲，因次directi on of the feed moti on n. 进给方向，进刀方向discontinuous chip n. 间断切屑distanee n.距离，间隔〔隙〕，长度，vt.隔开double-colu mn pla ner-miller n. 双柱龙门铣床dress v.修饰，修整，平整，整理，清理，装饰，调制，准备，打磨，磨光，压平，轿直，清洗，清理，分级drilling n.钻头，钻床，穿孔器，凿岩机，v.钻孔，打孔，钻井，钻探drilli ng machi ne n. 钻床，钻机，钻孔机，打眼机drilling tool n.钻孔〔削，井，眼〕工具Eedge point n. 刀口，刀刃efficiency n.效率，效能，性能，功率，产量，实力，经济性，有〔功，实〕效end mill n. 立铣刀exter nal grinding n. 夕卜圆磨肖UFface n.表面，外观，工作面，表盘，屏，幕v.面向，朝向，表面加工，把表面弄平face grinding machi ne n. 平面磨床face milli ng mach ine n. 端面磨床feed force n. 进给力feed moti on n. 进给运动fine adjustme nt n.精调，细调，微调fine boring n.精密镗孔finish v.;n.精加工，抛光，修整，表面粗糙度，完工，最后加工，最后阶段，涂层，涂料fin ish-cutt ing n.精加工，最终切削fixture n.夹具，夹紧装置，配件，零件，定位器，支架form n.型式，类型，摸板，模型，形成，产生，成形，表格v.形〔组，构〕成，产生，作出，成形，造型form-turn n. 成形车削free-cutt ing n.自由切削，无支承切削，高速切削Ggap n.间隔，间隙，距离，范围，区间，缺口，开口火花隙，vt.使产生裂缝vi. 豁开gear cutt ing mach ine n. 齿轮加工机床，切齿机gear gen erati ng grin der n. 磨齿机gear hob n. 齿轮滚刀grinding cutter n. 磨具grinding force n. 磨削力grinding machi ne n. 磨床grinding wheel diameter n. 砂轮直径grinding wheel width n. 砂轮宽度groove n.槽，切口，排屑槽，空心槽，坡口，vt.切〔开，铣〕槽groove milling n. 铣槽Hheadstock sp in dle n. 床头箱主轴，主轴箱主轴，头架轴helical tooth system n. 螺旋齿轮传动装置high precisi on lathe n. 高精度车床high-speed n.高速high-speed mach ining n. 高速加工hob n.齿轮滚刀，滚刀，螺旋铣刀，v.滚铣，滚齿，滚削horsepower n.马力hobbing machine n.滚齿机，螺旋铣床，挤压制模压力机,反应阴模机hole n.孑L，洞，坑，槽，空穴，孔道，管道，v.钻〔穿，冲，开〕孔，打洞hone n. vt.磨石，油石，珩磨头，磨孔器，珩磨，honing mach ine n. 珩磨机，珩床，搪磨床，磨孔机，磨气缸机Iinclination n.倾斜，斜度，倾角，斜角〔坡〕，弯曲，偏〔差，角〕转in creme nt n.增量，增加，增〔大〕长in dex ing table automatic n. 自动分度工作台infeed grinding n. 切入式磨削in stallation n.装置，设备，台，站，安装，设置internal grinding n. 内圆磨肖Uin volute hob n.渐开线滚刀Jjig bori ng mach ine n. 坐标镗床Kkeyway cutt ing n.键槽切削加工kn urli ng tool n.滚花刀具，压花刀具，滚花刀Llaedscrew machi ne n. 丝杠加工机床lap grinding n.研磨lapping n.研磨，抛光，精研，搭接，擦准lathe n.车床lathe dog n.车床轧头，卡箍，鸡心夹头，离心夹头，制动爪，车床挡块lathe tool n.车刀level n.水平，水准，水平线，水平仪，水准仪，电平，能级，程度，强度，a.水平的，相等的，均匀的，平稳的loadi ng time n.装载料时间，荷重时间，充填时间，充气时间lock n.锁，栓，闸，闭锁装置，锁型，同步，牵引，v.闭锁，关闭，卡住，固定，定位，制动刹住Ion gitudi nal grinding n. 纵磨low capacity machi ne n. 小功率机床〔机器〕Mmach ine axis n. 机床中心线mach ine table n. 机床工作台mach ine tool n. 机床，工作母机machi ning n.机械加工，切削加工machi ning (or cutti ng) variable n. 力卩工(或切削)变量machi ning allowa nee n. 机械加工余量machi ning cycle n. 力卩工循环mach ining of metals n. 金属切削加工，金属加工magazi ne automatic n.自动化仓库，自动化料斗，自动存贮送料装置manu facture n.制造者，生产者，厂商，产品，制造material rem oving rate n. 材料去除率metal cutt ing n. 金属切肖U metal-cutt ing tech no logy n. 金属切削工艺学，金属切削工艺〔技术〕metal-cutti ng tool n. 金属切削刀具，金属切削工具micrometer adjustme nt n. 微调milling n.铣削，磨碎，磨整，选矿milli ng feed n.铣削进给，铣削走刀量，铣削走刀机构milli ng machi ne n. 铣床milli ng spi ndle n. 铣床主轴milli ng tool n.铣削刀具，铣削工具mount v.固定，安装，装配，装置，架设，n.固定件，支架，座，装置，机构mou nting n.安装，装配，固定，机架，框架，装置mounting fixture n. 安装夹具，固定夹具NNose n.鼻子，端，前端，凸头，刀尖，机头，突出部分，伸出部分nu mber of revoluti ons n. 转数nu merical con trol n. 数字控制nu merically con trolled lathe n. 数控车床Ooblique grinding n. 斜切式磨床operate v.操纵，控制，运行，工作，动作，运算operati ng cycle n. 工作循环operation n.运转，操作，控制，工作，作业，运算，计算operati onal in structi on n. 操作说明书，操作说明operati onal safety n. 操作安全性，使用可靠性oscillat ing type abrasive cutt ing machi ne n. 摆动式砂轮切割机oscillation n.振动，振荡，摆动，颤振，振幅out-cut milli ng n. 切口铣削oxide ceramics n. 氧化物陶瓷oxide-ceramic cutti ng tool n. 陶瓷刀具P。
组合机床外文翻译1500字
组合机床外文翻译1500字篇一：组合机床毕业设计外文翻译The Aggregate Machine-toolThe Aggregate Machine-tool is based on the workpiece needs, based on a large number of common components, combined with a semi-automatic or automatic machine with a small number of dedicated special components and process according to the workpiece shape and design of special parts and fixtures, composed. Combination machine is generally a combination of the base, slide, fixture, power boxes, multi-axle, tools, etc. From.Combination machine has the following advantages: (1) is mainly used for prism parts and other miscellaneous pieces of perforated surface processing. (2) high productivity. Because the process of concentration, can be multi-faceted, multi-site, multi-axis, multi-tool simultaneous machining. (3) precision and stability. Because the process is fixed, the choice of a mature generic parts, precision fixtures and automatic working cycle to ensure consistent processing accuracy. (4) the development cycle is short, easy to design, manufacture and maintenance, and low cost. Because GM, serialization, high degree of standardization, common parts can be pre-manufactured or mass organizations outsourcing. (5) a high degree of automation, low labor intensity. (6) flexible configuration. Because the structure is a cross-piece, combination. In accordance with the workpiece or process requirements, with plenty of common parts and a few special components consisting of various types of flexible combination of machine tools and automatic lines; tools to facilitate modification: the product or process changes, the general also common components can be reused.Combination of box-type drilling generally used for processing or special shape parts. During machining, the workpiece is generally not rotate, the rotational motion of the tool relative to the workpiece andtool feed movement to achieve drilling, reaming, countersinking, reaming, boring and other processing. Some combination of turning head clamp the workpiece using the machine to make the rotation, the tool for the feed motion, but also on some of the rotating parts (such as the flywheel, the automobile axle shaft, etc.) of cylindrical and face processing.Generally use a combination of multi-axis machine tools, multi-tool, multi-process, multi-faceted or multi-station machining methods simultaneously, productivity increased many times more than generic tools. Since the common components have been standardized and serialized, so can be flexibly configured according to need, you can shorten the design and manufacturing cycle. Multi-axle combination is the core components of general machine tools. It is the choice of generic parts, is designed according to special requirements, in combination machine design process, is one component of a larger workload. It is based on the number and location of the machining process diagram and schematic design combination machine workpiece determined by the hole, cutting the amount of power transmission components and the design of each spindle spindle type movement. Multi-axle power from a common power box, together with the power box installed on the feed slide, to be completed by drilling, reaming and other machining processes. The parts to be processed according to the size of multi-axle box combination machine tool design, based on an original drawing multi-axle diagram, determine the range of design data,the above design, implementation, completion of a two-sided 24-hole machining, achieve better the design requirements.In order to adapt to the development of CNC machine tools in combination , appeared composed of CNC machine tools CNC machining modules. Modular is the result of a combination of machine tool numerical control machine tool combination brings, but also the basis of a combination ofCNC machine tools , CNC machining eiched the universal modular combination of components of the machine, it will cause a fundamental piece for machine tool type changes . Over the past decade , the combination of machine tools and automatic line has made great strides in efficiency, productivity , flexibility and the use of concurrent engineering to develop a more rational, more savings programs. With the development of digital technology, electronic technology , the combination of machine mechanical structure and control system has undergone great changes. With a combination of the following development tools : 1 NC . Combination of CNC machine tools emerge , not only changed in the past by the relay circuit consisting of a combination of machine tool control systems , but also make head or even a combination of the mechanical structure of the machine components of general criteria huge change occurred . 2 modular . NC modular greatly eiched the common combination of components of the machine, it will cause a fundamental change occurred for machine tool parts , according to the principles of modular design , based on the functional analysis division of the combination of multi- axle box for each machine level modules. 3 speed. As the high-speed processing can reduce the surface roughness and cutting force components , reducing the cutting temperature , improve productivity, so the speed of the machine is just beginning research , especially the main movement of CNC machine tools and feed velocity has reached a very high speed . Conform to the trend of high-speed machine tools , machine tool ‘s speed will be higher. 4 , precision . Because the CNC machine to achieve , so more and more high machining accuracy . 5, full protection technology . Now the machine is fully enclosed features a large , almost all mechanical housings are fully closed . Fully enclosed protection, not only to make the machine more attractive appearance and its production line , but also improves the safety, reliability and ease of maintenance . Combination machine withboth the advantages of low cost and high efficiency in large volume production has been widely used, and can consist of automated production lines. .组合机床组合机床是根据工件加工需要，以大量通用部件为基础，配之以少量的专用部件和按工件形状和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动的专用机床。
文献翻译-多用途组合机床
英文原文Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool timeRegarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to describe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. Inthe past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes.As a result of market demand's unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, today's market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit.Some tradition's manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex,very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working Basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training.Intuition type technical controlThe equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type design, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different size's thing can by the different speed growth.As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technology turned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”.According to the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes.The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control system's formation already made this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rest's automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization.Okuma Corporation's collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesized engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific model's engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply.The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it.If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from software's help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, therefore before replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine bed's some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person.In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make any model the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation.The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning. The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reaction's ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system,namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definition's manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production method's machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger.The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw,will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhancesthe craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on.中文译文多用途组合机床对于多功能组合机床，在工业领域有许多名字来描述它，如“多任务处理装置”，“多功能机床”，“多工序生产系统”等，它确实可称为加工领域的新星，可降低成本，简化配置，和一直保持在美国本土生产。
组合机床英文
Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool timeTimothy and Jacobs, Denis' A receives then then,outstanding Philip U.S.A. Michigan university Summary:The aggregate machine-tool machining center may cause the demand which the processing manufacturing industry adapts changes unceasingly, uses the pool of labor power effectively, and has the competitive power in global scale's market.Key word: Make the lathe upRegarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to describe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. In the past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes.As a result of market demand's unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, today's market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit.Some tradition's manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex, very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training.Intuition type technical controlThe equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type desi gn, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different size's thing can by the different speed growth.As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technologyturned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”.According to the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes.The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control system's formation already made this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rest's automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization.Okuma Corporation's collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesiz ed engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific model's engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply.The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it.If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from software's help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, thereforebefore replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine bed's some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person.In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3 individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make any model the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different discipline the viewpoint never to return. Regarding the programmers, this belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation.The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning.Since has moved the technology (engine bed) is this century develops is extremely rapid and one of influence enormous science and technology. The modern automation technology is one kind of completely new productive forces, is one of direct creation public wealth principal means that is playing the enormous promotion effect to humanity's production activity and the material civilization. Therefore, the automated technology receives various countries widely to take seriously with more and more applications. The machinery automation (engine bed), mainly refers to the machine-building industry applies the automated technology, realizes the processing object continuously the automatic production, realizes the optimized effective automatic production process, theincrease production investment processing transformation and the flow rate. The machinery automation technology's application and the development, are the machine-building industry technological transformations, the technology advancement principal means and the technological development main direction. Machinery automation technical standards, not only affects the entire machine-building industry the development, and has the very tremendous immediate influence to the national economy various departments' technology advancement. Therefore, develops our country's machine-building industry automation technology, conforms to our country socialism basic principle, conforms to our country modern production law of development. How to develop our country's machinery automation technology (engine bed), here has the technical policy question, should be realistic, all embark from our country's concrete national condition, do each foundation work, takes the China's road of machinery automation technological development. The domestic and foreign industry history tells us, realizes the machinery automation is from to high-level, from simply to complex, from is preliminarily imperfect the consummation the developing process. After machine's operation uses the automatic regulator, the production method only then gradually transits from the mechanization to the mechanism control (tradition) automated, the numerical control automation, the computer control automation. Only then after having established the Automated factory, the production process can overall automate, can make the productivity to enhance comprehensively, achieves automated the high-level ideal stage.The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reaction's ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system, namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definition's manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production method's machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger.In the 80s internationally appeared started to use computer integration manufacture system CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing), the flexible automation production pattern also had this kind of situation. The initial period take the information integration as a key point, take the high automaticity as the characteristic, but in realized in the process to encounter the difficulty. In view of the fact that realizes the large amount investmentwhich the computer integration manufacture system's automation overall needs (an overall Automated factory to spend several hundred hundred million US dollars, flexible manufacture system regular price is 600 ~ 25,000,000 US dollars), undertakes the huge risk, in addition questions and so on technical difficulty and reliability, the world industrially advanced country started “to run into a wall produces a different product”, transfers pays great attention the information integration the effect, pursues low cost automation LCA (Low Cost Automation) enterprise organizational structure and movement way.The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw, will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhances the craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on.。
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Development and application of combined machine tool The combination of machine tools based on general parts, workpiece supported by the specific shape and design of special processing of parts and fixtures, the composition semiautomatic or automatic special machine. Combination machine generally adopts multi shaft, knife, more processes, more or multiple locations simultaneously processes, and production efficiency ratio general machine tool high several times to several times. As generic components have been standardized and serialized, may need to be flexible configuration, can shorten design and manufacturing cycle. Therefore, the aggregate machine-tool has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost, the large, mass production to be widely applied, and can be used to compose the automatic production line. Processing, workpiece generally does not rotate, by movement of the rotatable cutter and tool and workpiece relative feed movement, to achieve drilling, reaming, counterboring, reaming, boring, milling, cutting and processing of external thread face and etc.. Some combination machine adopts clamping workpiece machining head to rotate, by the tool for the feed movement, also can achieve some rotating parts ( such as car rear axle flywheel, etc.) of the face and processing.In twentieth Century since the 70's, along with the cutting tool with indexable inserts, dense gear milling cutter, boring size automatic detection and automatic compensation for tool technology development, combination of the machining accuracy of the machine tool is improved. Milling plane plane of up to 0.05mm and1000 mm, the surface roughness can be as low as 2.5to 0.63 microns; boring accuracy up to IT7~6, hole distance precision can reach 0.03~ 0.02 micron. A dedicated machine is along with the automobile industry development. In some parts of special machine tool for repeated use, and gradually developed into a general components, resulting in a combined machine tool. The earliest combination machine is made in the United States in 1911, for the processing of auto parts. Initially, the machine tool manufacturingplant has its own general component standard. In order to improve different factory universal interchangeability of the parts, and is convenient for users to use and repair.The Design ProcessDesigning starts with a need real.Existing apparatus may need improvements in durability, efficiency, weight, speed, or cost. New apparatus may be needed to perform a function previouslydone by men, such as computation, assembly, or servicing. With the objective wholly or partlyIn the design preliminary stage, should allow to design the personnel fully to display the creativity, not each kind of restraint., namely in front of the plan blueprint is corrected. Only then, only then does not send to stops up the innovation the mentality. Usually, must propose several sets of design proposals, then perform the comparison. Has the possibility very much in the plan which finally designated, has used certain not in plan some ideas which accepts.When the general shape and a few dimensions of the several components become apparent, analysis can begin in earnest. The analysis will have as its objective satisfactory or superior performance, plus safety and durability with minimum weight, and a competitive cost. Optimum proportions and dimensions will be sought for each critically loaded section, together with a balance between the strengths of the several components. Materials and their treatment will be chosen. These important objectives can be attained only by analysis based upon the principles of mechanics, such as those of static for reaction forces and for the optimum utilization of friction; of dynamics for inertia, acceleration, and energy; of elasticity and strength of materials for stress and deflection; of physical behavior of materials; and of fluid mechanics for lubrication and hydrodynamic drives. The analyses may be made by the same engineer who conceived the arrangement of mechanisms, or, in alarge company, they may be made by a separate analysis division or research group. Design is a reiterative and cooperative process, whether done formally or informally, and the analyst can contribute to phases other than his own. Product design requires much research and development. Many Concepts of an idea must be studied, tried, and then either used or discarded. Although the content of each engineering problem is unique, the designers follow the similar process to solve the problems.Machinery design covers the following contents.1. Provides an introduction to the design process , problemformulation ,safety factors.2. Reviews the material properties and static and dynamic loading analysis ,Including beam , vibration and impact loading.3. Reviews the fundamentals of stress and defection analysis.4. Introduces fatigue-failure theory with the emphasis on stress-life approaches to high-cycle fatigue design, which is commonly used in the design of rotation machinery.5. Discusses thoroughly the phenomena of wear mechanisms, surface contact stresses ,and surface fatigue.6. Investigates shaft design using the fatigue-analysis techniques.7. Discusses fluid-film and rolling-element bearing theory and application8. Gives a thorough introduction to the kinematics, design and stress analysis of spur gears , and a simple introduction to helical ,bevel ,and worm gearing.9. Discusses spring design including compression ,extension and torsion springs.10. Deals with screws and fasteners including power screw and preload fasteners.11. Introduces the design and specification of disk clutches and brakes.。