专业英语试题及答案
山东省2024年4月高等教育自考专业英语试题
山东省2024年4月高等教化自学考试专业英语试题(课程代码：00196 考试时间：150分钟)留意事项：答案必需写在答题卡规定的区域内，未按要求作答的答案无效。
Please write all the answers on the Answer Sheet.（请把全部答案写在答题卡上）I、Choose the best answer for each blank（10points）在每个小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将答题卡的相应代码涂黑。
错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
（很大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1. We are interested in _____ you have told us.A. all whatB. allC. whichD. that2. I wish I ______to the movies with him last Sunday.A. did goB. wentC. have gone D .had gone3. Had the doctor been available,the child______.A. could not dieB. would not have diedC. would not dieD. could not have died4. Peter didn’t like his new partner, and ______.A.neither did IB. Ididn’t alsoC.I don’t tooD. Neither I did5. A power failure completely ______the cake he was baking.A. damageB. weakenC. spoiledD. injured6. We all like the teacher because of his nice ______of humor.A skill B. feelings C. principal D. sense7Mr.Smith is ______a very old man but in fact he is only fifty.A. apparentlyB. evidentlyC. obviouslyD. clearly 8.This machine works very well so long as no one ______with it.A. opposesB. interruptsC. bothersD. interferes9.London is one of the important_ _____centers of the world.A. principalB. go afterC. go withD. go without10. The young girl wanted a hat to ______her dress.A. go overB. go afterC. go withD. go withoutII、Reading Comprehension(30 points)阅读下列短文，在每个问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡的相应代码涂黑。
综合专业英语试题
专业英语试题一、词语翻译1.Electromagnetic induction 电磁感应2.Broadcasting 广播3.发射机Transmitter4.Encoder 编码器5.光电阴极Photocathode6.像素Pixel7.Harmonic structure 谐波结构8.多路器Mutiplexer9.电离层Ionosphere10.Deterministic 确定的11.功率谱密度power clensity spectrum12.信噪比signal-to-noise ratio13.Demodulation 解调，检波14.Nonlinear 非线性的15.Vacuum-tube 真空（电子）管16.Modulation coefficient 调制系数17.Upper side frequency 上边频18.调制信号modulation signal19.直流电源DC power suply20.Quadrature 正交21.振荡器resonator22.Inversion 倒置23.差分difference24.Cascade 串联，级联25.Deemphasis 去加重1.field-effect 场效应管2.oscilloscope 示波器rmation 信息，消息，情报4.optical fiber 光纤5. signal-to-noise 信噪比6.bandwidth 基带7.vocal tract 声带8.bipolar 双极（线）的9.decoder 解（译）码器10.Fourier series 傅里叶级数11.decibel 分贝12.modulation 调制，调节13.amplifier 放大器，扩音机14. transformer 变压器15.resonator 振荡器16.prescribe 指示，规定17.difference差分，差别18.frequency modulation调频19.frequency divider分频器20.viewpoint 观点21.impurity杂质，混合物22.nanometers纳米23.packaging封装24.very large integration 超大规模集成电路25.digital signal processing数字信号处理26. baseband 基带27.binary二进制编码28.mainframe 主机，大型机29.electronic mail电子邮件30.mobile telephone service移动电话业务二、英译汉1.A serial link is often used to attach a computer to a modem.答案：串口通常用来将计算机和调制解调器连接起来。
英语专业导论试题及答案
英语专业导论试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语专业学生需要掌握的最基本的语言技能是：A. 阅读B. 写作C. 听力D. 口语答案：D2. 英语专业的核心课程之一是：A. 英语文学B. 英语翻译C. 商务英语D. 计算机科学答案：A3. 英语专业学生通常需要通过的英语水平考试是：A. TOEFLB. IELTSC. GRED. TEM-4答案：D4. 英语专业学生在学术研究中经常使用的数据库是：A. JSTORB. PubMedC. IEEE XploreD. ScienceDirect答案：A5. 英语专业学生在进行文学分析时，通常需要参考的文学理论包括：A. 马克思主义B. 女性主义C. 后殖民主义D. 所有以上选项答案：D6. 英语专业学生在进行跨文化交际学习时，需要了解的内容包括：A. 语言差异B. 文化习俗C. 社会规范D. 所有以上选项答案：D7. 英语专业学生在进行口译训练时，需要掌握的技能包括：A. 笔记技巧B. 同声传译C. 交替传译D. 所有以上选项答案：D8. 英语专业学生在进行写作训练时，通常需要遵循的写作原则包括：A. 清晰性B. 连贯性C. 逻辑性D. 所有以上选项答案：D9. 英语专业学生在进行翻译实践时，需要遵循的原则包括：A. 忠实性B. 通顺性C. 文化适应性D. 所有以上选项答案：D10. 英语专业学生在进行学术写作时，通常需要遵循的格式包括：A. MLAB. APAC. ChicagoD. 所有以上选项答案：D二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. 英语专业学生在进行文学研究时，经常使用的分析方法是________。
答案：文本分析12. 英语专业学生在进行语言教学时，常用的教学法包括________。
答案：交际法13. 英语专业学生在进行学术写作时，需要遵循的引用标准是________。
答案：MLA或APA14. 英语专业学生在进行口译训练时，需要掌握的口译类型包括________。
专升本专业英语试题和答案
专升本专业英语试题Direction: All the Questions should be done on the Answer Sheet.I.Choose a word that best completes each of the following sentences: (20*1point=20points)1. The ________ driver thinks accidents only happen to other people.A. averageB. commonC. usualD. normal2. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _______ at the otherstore.A. the oneB. othersC. thatD. the ones3. Conversation becomes weaker in society that spends so much time listening and being talked to _______ it has allbut lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what4. _____________ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. Be it notD. Should it not be5. Asia _______________ by most experts to be the cradle of human civilization.A. has been always consideredB. has always been consideredC. always has been consideredD. has been considered always6. An old woman was badly hurt in _______ the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.A. thatB. whatC. whateverD. which7. Paul Samuelson revolutionized ______ by presenting his students with the most advanced economic thinking atan introductory level.A. to teach economicsB. teaching that economics isC. the teaching of economicsD. economics is taught8. If you find this item too difficult to _______, it is advisable to leave as it is and move on to the next one.A. work outB. work onC. work forD. work at9. You and I could hardly understand, ________?A. could weB. couldn’t youC. couldn’t weD. could I10. There was an accident _______ the crossroads at midnight last night.A. inB. onC. atD.by11.She has managed to obtain a temporary work __________ in Britain.A permitB permissionC permissivenessD permissible12. The football players need total concentration during ___________.A matchB gameC playD perform13. Involved in a bribery scandal, the President had to ___________ his resignation.A doB catchC offerD find14. When I go out in the evening I use the bike __________the car if I can.A rather thanB regardless ofC in spite ofD other than15. Some plants are very _________ to light; they prefer the shade.A sensibleB flexibleC objectiveD sensitive16. Don’t let the child play with scissors _________he cuts himself.A in caseB so thatC now thatD only if17. Without proper lessons, you could________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A keep upB pick upC draw upD catch up18. We should always bear in mind that _________ decisions often result in serious consequences.A urgentB instantC promptD hasty19. The computer can be paid for in ten monthly________ of 100 dollars.A payB paysC paymentD payments20. American linguist Noah Webster was among the first to the growing difference between Americanand British usages of English.A. realizeB. recognizeC. researchD. reckonIII.Cloze Test (20 points) Read the following paragraph and choose the correct word for each blank from the three alternatives.Man cannot go on __1_ his numbers at the present rate, In the _2_ 30 years man will face a period of crisis. __3_ experts believe that there will be a widespread food_4_. Other experts think this is 5__ pessimistic, and that man can prevent things _6__ worse than they are now. But _7__ that two-thirds of the people in the world are undernourished or starving now.One thing that man can do is to limit _8__ of babies born. The need _9__ this is obvious, but it is _10_ to achieve. People have to _11__ to limit their families. In the countries of the population __12__, many people like big families. The parents think that this __13__ a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look __14__ them in old age.Several governments have _15__ birth control policies in recent years. __16__ them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some _17___ the results have not been 18__. Japan has been an exception. The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People __19__ to limit their families. The birth rate fell from 34.3 per thousand per year to about 17.0 per year _20__.( )1.A increasing B to increase C and increase D with increasing( )2.A second B recent C next D late( )3.A Any B Some C More D All( )4.A need B want C absence D shortage( )5.A so B much C too D enough( )6.A getting B from getting C to get D get( )7.A remember B remembering C to remember D remembers( )8.A an amount B a number C the amount D the number( )9.A for B in C of D about( )10.A not easy B no easy C not easily D no ease( )11.A persuade B be persuading C be persuaded D persuading( )12.A bursting B explosion C raising D extension( )13.A takes B brings C makes D earns( )14.A upon B for C into D after( )15.A adjusted B created C adopted D presented( )16. A Of B Among C Between D Out of( )17.A exceptions B examples C events D cases( )18.A success B succeeded C successful D succeeding( )19.A were encouraged B encouraged C are encouraged D encourage( )20.A presently B at present C in time D on time IV. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese: (10 points)Rummaging through the fruit and veg section of my local supermarket, reading the country of origin labels, I am bewildered by the geography of it all. That the fruits of the earth should all be laid out on tidy shelves in this provincial corner of Britain would have been unthinkable a few years ago, yet now it is taken for granted.Once strange and exotic fruits that only the rich could afford, if not now part of everyone’s diet, are certainly part of our everyday shopping experience. So much so that instead of focusing on the novel, I am drawn to the commonplace. Here, among the “humble” vegetables, something strange and disturbing is going on.V. Translate the following sentences into English: (10*3points=30points)1.女孩横穿马路时被汽车撞倒.(to knock over).2.这群年轻人听了这则笑话哄堂大笑.(to roar with).3.她很不善于见什么人说什么话.( to have no knack for).4.驾驶员违反交通规则,除了罚款之外,还有别的处罚办法吗?(alternative to)5.为了安全起见,车上每个人都必须系上安全带.(for the sake of).6.我们费了九牛二虎之力将门弄开.(to have …job to do).7. 这个沙发一拉开,就可变成床.(to convert into).8. 成年人学习外语的困难之一是母语的干扰.(to interfere with).9. 许多困在山洞里的人在救援队赶到之前就死了.(to trap).10. 我突然明白他原来是想帮助我.(to dawn on).VI. Reading Comprehension (38 points)Passage 1I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that it weren’t for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream?Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats. Children become aggressive and nervous—cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world. Strangely enough whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don’t even say hello to each other.Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need help. But country life has disadvantages too. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are cut off from the existing and important events that take place in cities. There’s little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on and expedition to the nearest large town. The city-dweller who leaves for the country is often oppressed by a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet.What, then, is the answer? The country has the advantage of peace and quiet, but suffers from the disadvantage of being cut off; the city breeds a feeling of isolation, and constant noise batters the senses. But one of its main advantages is that you are at the center of things, and that life doesn’t come to an end at half-past nine at night. Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the two; they have expressed their preference for the “quiet life”by leaving the suburbs and moving to villages within commuting distance of large cities. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they leave behind—they are polluted with strange ideas about change and improvement which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the villages.What then of my dreams of leaning on a cottage gate and murmuring “morning” to the locals as they pass by? I’m keen on the idea, but you see there’s my cat, Toby, I’m not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass, I mean, can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down the farm? No, he would rather have the electric imitation-coal fire any evening.1.We get the impression from the first paragraph that the authorA used to live in the countryB used to work in the cityC works in the cityD lives in the country2. In the author’s opinion, the following may cause city people to be unhappy EXCEPTA a strong sense of fearB lack of communicationC housing conditionsD a sense of isolation3. The passage implies that it is easy to buy the following things in the country EXCEPTA daily necessitiesB fresh fruitsC designer clothesD fresh vegetables4. According to the passage, which of the following adjectives best describes those people who work in large cities and live in villages?A OriginalB QuietC ArrogantD Insensitive5. Do you think the author will move to the country?A Yes, he will do soB No, he will not do soC It is difficult to tellD He is in two mindsPassage 2Clearly if we are to participle in the society in which we live we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become of one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that is being channeled into millions of homes.Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing,educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.6.In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the _________ of face-to-face contact in social settings.A natureB limitationC usefulnessD creativity7. It is implied in the passage that_______A local news used to be the only source of informationB local news still takes a significant placeC national news is becoming more popularD international news is the fastest transmitted news8. which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A To possess information used to be a privilegeB Public libraries have replaced private librariesC Communication means more than transmissionD Information influences ways of life and thinking9. From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is________.A indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass mediaB happy about the drastic changes in the mass mediaC pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD concerned about the wrong use of the mass mediaPassage 3Human cloning technology could be used to reverse heart attacks. Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged, and other problems may be solved if human cloning and its technology are not forbidden.With cloning, infertile couples could have children. Current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages, are not very successfully. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before.We should be able to clone the bone marrow for children and adults suffering from leukemia. This is expected to be one of the first benefits to come from cloning technology.We may learn how to switch cells on and off through cloning and thus be able to cure cancer.Cloning technology can be used to test for and perhaps cure gene-related diseases.The above is just a few examples of what human cloning technology can do for mankind. This new technology promises unprecedented advancement in medicine if people will release their fears and let the benefits begin. 10．Heart attacks can be treated with human cloning technology by___________.A removing the damaged part of the heartB replacing the old heart with a cloned oneC repairing the heart with cells cloned from healthy onesD giving the patients injections of various medicines11. The word “infertile”(Line 1, Para.2) most probably means“____________”.A unable to give birth to a childB with physical and emotional problemsC short of time and moneyD separated from each other for long12. According to the passage, one of the first expected benefits from cloning technology may be in ____________.A the treatment of heart attacksB the bearing of babiesC the cure of blood diseasesD the detection of gene-related diseases13. Cancer may be cured with the cloning technology by___________.A attacking the diseased cells with healthy onesB controlling the growth of the cellsC detecting disordered genes in the cancel cellsD activating cancer cells by switching them on14. According to the writer, the main problem with the development of human cloning technology is that___________.A it may be out of human controlB it has brought about few benefits so farC people still know little about itD people are afraid of such technologyPassage 4Ideas about education are changing in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma or a college degree. Many adults are not interested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them, learning does not end with a diploma.Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improve their old skills or to learn new ones.Scientists, mechanics and barbers can take classes to improve their work skills. If they know more or learn more, they can get a better job or earn more money.Continuing education classes give more adults the chances to learn new skills. There is usually a large variety of classes to choose from: typing, foreign cooking, photography, auto repair, furniture repair, or swimming. These are only some of the classes available.Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. Other adults take continuing education classes to improve their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves.Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools, community buildings or churches. Most classes are in the evening, so working people can attend. The classes are usually small, and they are inexpensive.15. The new idea about education in the U.S. is that__________.A. everyone should get a college degreeB. It’s no use for adults to go to collegeC. a high school diploma is the end of educationD. adults should go on learning after graduating from school16. What’s the purpose for adults to continue their education?A. Enlarge their knowledge and learn new skills.B. Catch up the opportunity to get a higher degree.C. Learn more basic knowledge to get a diploma.D. Make themselves live a more comfortable life.17. Which of the following statement is true?A. There are only a few continuing education classes available for adults.B. Only those who want to get more money should go on with their education.C. People take continuing education can get a good job.D. All the people getting continuing education can get a good job.18. Usually, the continuing education program is given________.A. in a small size and expensivelyB. only for working peopleC. only in community buildings or churchesD. by community colleges and public schools19. The best title for the passage would be _________.A. Continuing Education ClassesB. The Importance of a College DegreeC. A Good Way to Earn More MoneyD. Difference Choices for AdultsVII. Writing (15 points)Write on ANSWER SHEET a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:THE IMPORTANCE OF KEEPING A GOOD MOODYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your view is.In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.试题答案Direction: All the Questions should be done on the Answer Sheet.II.Choose a word that best completes each of the following sentences: (20*1point=20points)ACCAD ABDCC ADCAB BCAACIII.Cloze Test (20 points) Read the following paragraph and choose the correct word for each blank from the three alternatives.1―5 A C B D C 6―10 B A D A A 11―15 C B B D C 16―20 B D C A BIV. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese: (10 points)逛当地超市的蔬菜水果自选区时,我感到很困惑,从标签上看它们的原产地几乎遍及世界各地。
专业英语八级考题试卷及答案
专业英语八级考题试卷及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing a Research PaperI. Research Papers and Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in (1) __________:e.g. —choosing a topic—asking questions—identifying the audienceB. Difference mainly in terms of (2) ___________1. research papers: printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in one's (3) ___________II. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic types: twoB. Characteristics:1. survey-type paper:—to gather (4) ___________—to quote—to (5) _____________The writer should be (6) ___________.2. argumentative (research) paper:a. The writer should do more, e.g.—to interpret—to question, etc.b. (7) _________varies with the topic, e.g.—to recommend an action, etc.III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to (8) __________.Question No. 1: your familiarity with the topicQuestion No. 2: Availability of relevant information on the chosen topic Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to (9) _________Question No. 4: Asking questions about (10) ___________The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilities. SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?A. To look into the mental health of old people.B. To explain why people have negative views on old age.C. To help correct some false beliefs about old age.D. To identify the various problems of old age2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?A. People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.B. There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C. We should not expect more physical illness among old people.D. We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.3. According to Professor McKay's report,A. family love is gradually disappearing.B. it is hard to comment on family feeling.C. more children are indifferent to their parents.D. family love remains as strong as ever.4. Professor McKay is ________ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.A. negativeB. positiveC. ambiguousD. neutral5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against isA. old-age sickness.B. loose family ties.C. poor mental abilities.D. difficulities in maths.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin toA. eliminate bacteria.B. treat burns.C. Speed up recovery.D. reduce treatment cost.Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?A. It is featured by high technology.B. It allows you to imitate famous singers.C. It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.D. It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. China's Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.A. 68 millionB. 8.9 millionC. 10 millionD. 1.5 millionQuestion 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.A. 21%B. 10%C. 22%D. 4.7310. According to the news, which trading nation in the top 10 has reported a 5 per cent fall in exports?A. The UK.B. The US.C. Japan.D. Germany.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AI remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin's smile."Arch, it's Mikey," he said. "So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana." He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow."You haven't sold many bananas today, pop," I said anxiously.He shrugged his shoulders."What can I do? No one seems to want them."It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty skydarkened over New York building, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father's bananas."I ought to yell," said my father dolefully. "I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I'm ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. "I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father."I'll yell for you, pop," I volunteered."Arch, no," he said, "go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I'll be late."But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas.I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.My father tried to stop me at last. "Nu," he said smiling to console me, "that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it's plain we are unlucky today! Let's go home."I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.11. "unyoked" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning toA. sent outB. releasedC. dispatchedD. removed12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?A.Thousands ofB. FlowedC. PouringD. Unyoked13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.B. Weather conditions and street lamps.C. Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.D. Moving crowds and street traffic.14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?A. CompassionateB. ResponsibleC. ShyD. Determined15. What is the theme of the story?A. The misery of the factory workers.B. How to survive in a harsh environment.C. Generation gap between the father and the son.D. Love between the father and the son.16. What is the author's attitude towards the father and the son?A. IndifferentB. SympatheticC. AppreciativeD. Difficult to tellTEXT B提示：原文出自美国时代杂志（TIME）日期Jan. 29, 2001文章标题No Fall Insurance 作者AN K. SMITH, M.D.When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeks ago, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who fracture their hips each year. At 89 and suffering from advanced Alzheimer's disease, Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups for this type of accident. The incidence of hip fractures not only increases after age 50 but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases. Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hip fractures; weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously. But falling is the major cause, representing 90% of all hip fractures. These... ...17. The following are all specific measures to guard against injuries with the EXCEPTION ofA. removal of throw rugs.B. easy access to devicesC. installation of grab barsD. re-arrangement of furniture18. In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?A. The third paragraphB. The first paragraphC. The last paragraphD. The last but one paragraph19. The main purpose of the passage is toA. offer advice on how to prevent hip fracturesB. emphasize the importance of health precautionsC. discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.D. identify the causes of hip fractures.TEXT C提示：原文同专八英译汉翻译试题相同In his classic novel, "The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has builtthem in his mind, and they as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being."... ...20. The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the _________ perspective.A. futureB. realisticC. historicalD. present21. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT brought about by future-mindedness?A. Economic stagnationB. Environmental destructionC. High divorce ratesD. Neglect of history22. The word "pooh-pooh" in the sixth paragraph meansA. appreciateB. praiseC. shunD. ridicule23. According to the passage, people at present can forecast ________ of a new round of future-mindedness.A. the natureB. the locationC. the varietyD. the features24. The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of future-mindedness will focus onA. how it comes into beingB. how it functionsC. what it brings aboutD. what it is related to.TEXT D25. The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the first paragraph suggests that theyA. are confident in their ability to charm women.B. take the initiative in courtship.C. have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".D. tend to be more immoral than women are.26. The third paragraph does NOT claim that menA. prevent women from taking up certain professions.B. secretly admire women's intellect and resolution.C. doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.D. forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.27. The third paragraphA. generally agrees with the first paragraphB. has no connection with the first paragraphC. repeats the argument of the second paragraphD. contradicts the last paragraph28. At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order toA. show that men are stronger than womenB. carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphsC. support the first sentence of the same paragraphD. disown the ideas he is expressing29. The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraphA. is based on the study of archaeologyB. illustrates how people expect men to behaveC. is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant jokeD. proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer30. The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the authorA. approves ofB. argues is naturalC. completely rejectsD. expects to go on changingPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. York32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.34. ________ is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic Church.B. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England注：The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.35. The novel Emma is written byA. Mary Shelley.B. Charlotte Brontë.C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.D. Jane Austen.36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George G. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous forA. his poems.B. his plays.C. his short stories.D. his novels注：O. Henry was the pen name of William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 - June 5, 1910), He was famous for his short stories and a master of the surprise ending, O. Henry is remembered best for such enduring favorites as "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief." The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basis of their universal appeal.38. Syntax is the study ofA. language functions.B. sentence structures.C. textual organization.D. word formation.注：Definition of Syntax:a. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.b. A publication, such as a book, that presents such rules.c. The pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language.d. Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness. 任意性B. Productivity. 丰富性C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性D. Finiteness. 局限性？注：design feature: features that define our human languages,such as arbitrariness,duality,creativity,displacement,cultural transmission,etc.相关内容请点击查看：胡壮麟《语言学教程》课后答案40. The speech act theory was first put forward byA. John Searle.B. John Austin.C. Noam Chomsky.D. M.A.K. Halliday.注：John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning. 【改错】The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments' heavily investing in common ___1 stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the ___2 outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of ___3 business firms. The rise in tuitions mayreflect the fact economic uncertainty ___4 increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of beingin the school is foregoing income from a job (this isprimarily a factor in ___5 graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one' s job prospects, ___6 the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students ___7include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving studentsa governance role, and eliminate required courses. ___8Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the ___9rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purelyof need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best ___10 customer.PART V TRANSLATION （60 MIN）提示：今年专八翻译部分的选材均出自《散文佳作108篇(汉英•英汉对照)》作者：乔萍翟淑蓉宋洪玮，建议大家熟读此书。
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2022年自考专业(英语)英语阅读(一)考试真题及答案5
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Passage 1In recent years, the popularity of online education has surged. It offers flexibility and convenience, allowing students to learn at their own pace and from any location.3. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The drawbacks of online education.B. The benefits of online education.C. The challenges faced by traditional schools.D. The decline in the popularity of traditional schools.答案：B4. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online education?A. It is less expensive.B. It requires students to be present in a classroom.C. It provides a structured learning environment.D. It allows for flexibility and convenience.答案：DPassage 2The environmental impact of plastic waste is a growing concern worldwide. Many countries are implementing policies to reduce plastic use and promote recycling.5. What is the focus of the passage?A. The economic impact of plastic waste.B. The environmental impact of plastic waste.C. The technological advancements in plastic production.D. The history of plastic production.答案：B6. What action are countries taking in response to the issue mentioned in the passage?A. Increasing plastic production.B. Encouraging the use of plastic bags.C. Implementing policies to reduce plastic use.D. Ignoring the issue of plastic waste.答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct options.Passage 3The internet has transformed the way we communicate and access information. It has made our lives more convenient, but it has also brought about new challenges.7. The internet has _______ the way we communicate.A. simplifiedB. complicatedC. revolutionizedD. limited答案：C8. The passage suggests that the internet has both advantages and _______.A. opportunitiesB. disadvantagesC. benefitsD. drawbacks答案：D四、翻译（共15分）Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.9. With the development of technology, robots are becoming more and more intelligent.答案：随着技术的发展，机器人变得越来越智能。
考研专业英语试题及答案
考研专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to mean ________.A. To cause someone to fallB. To wish someone good luckC. To cause a failureD. To cause a break in a performance答案：B2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of academic writing?A. Formal languageB. Clear structureC. Personal opinionsD. Evidence-based arguments答案：C3. In the context of scientific research, "hypothesis" refers to a ________.A. Final conclusionB. Tentative explanationC. Unproven theoryD. Confirmed fact答案：B4. The term "sustainability" in environmental studies usually implies ________.A. The ability to be maintainedB. The ability to be soldC. The ability to be recycledD. The ability to be ignored答案：A5. The word "disseminate" in academic context means to________.A. Spread information or knowledgeB. Gather information or knowledgeC. Hide information or knowledgeD. Analyze information or knowledge答案：A6. Which of the following is the correct way to cite a book in APA format?A. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.B. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Journal.C. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Website.D. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Conference.答案：A7. In the field of economics, "opportunity cost" refers to________.A. The cost of the next best alternativeB. The cost of the best alternativeC. The cost of the worst alternativeD. The cost of the same alternative答案：A8. The phrase "pro bono" is used to describe ________.A. Legal services provided at no costB. Legal services provided for free to friendsC. Legal services provided for a reduced feeD. Legal services provided for a profit答案：A9. In the context of literature, "allegory" is a narrative technique that ________.A. Describes a real eventB. Tells a story with a hidden meaningC. Is based on a true storyD. Is a personal account答案：B10. The term "peer review" in academic publishing refers to the process of ________.A. Reviewing by the general publicB. Reviewing by the author's peersC. Reviewing by the author's studentsD. Reviewing by the author's colleagues答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ of a scientific paper typically includes the research question, hypothesis, and methodology.答案：abstract2. In a research study, the ________ is the group that receives the standard treatment or no treatment at all.答案：control group3. The ________ is the process of systematically collecting and analyzing data to answer a research question.答案：research methodology4. A ________ is a type of literature review that synthesizes findings from multiple studies on a topic.答案：meta-analysis5. The ________ is the part of a research paper where the writer discusses the implications of the findings.答案：discussion6. In statistics, the ________ is a measure of the extent to which two variables are linearly related.答案：correlation coefficient7. ________ is the process of making a formal request for permission to use someone else's work.答案：copyright clearance8. A ________ is a formal statement of a problem or question that is to be solved or answered.答案：research problem9. In a research study, the ________ is the group that receives the treatment or intervention being tested.答案：experimental group10. ________ is the process of evaluating the quality of a research study based on established criteria.答案：methodological critique三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between qualitative andquantitative research methods.答案：Qualitative research methods focus on understanding social phenomena through non-numerical data, such as interviews, observations, and documents. It aims to explore and describe complex social behaviors and experiences. On the other hand, quantitative research methods involve collecting numerical data and using statistical techniques to test hypotheses and make generalizations. It aims to measure and quantify relationships between variables.2. What is the significance of a literature review in a research paper?答案：A literature review in a research paper is significant because it provides a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge on a topic. It helps to establish the context of the research, identifies gaps in the。
插本英语专业试题及答案
插本英语专业试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The new policy will come into _______ next month.A. effectB. effortC. affectD. afford答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, they managed to reach the airport on _______.A. timeB. scheduleC. chanceD. occasion答案：B3. The teacher asked the students to _______ the text carefully before answering the questions.A. glance atB. look overC. stare atD. focus on答案：B4. The _______ of the meeting has been postponed due to the bad weather.A. commencementB. conclusionC. cancellationD. termination答案：A5. She is _______ for her honesty and kindness.A. knownB. famousC. renownedD. notorious答案：C6. The _______ of the old building was a great loss to the community.A. destructionB. constructionC. restorationD. foundation答案：A7. He _______ the opportunity to study abroad but decided to stay at home.A. missedB. graspedC. seizedD. rejected答案：D8. The _______ of the new product was a success, and it quickly gained popularity.A. launchB. releaseC. introductionD. promotion答案：C9. The company is trying to _______ its market share in the face of fierce competition.A. maintainB. expandC. reduceD. stabilize答案：B10. The _______ of the old bridge is a matter of great concern to the local authorities.A. safetyB. securityC. healthD. welfare答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）根据所给词的适当形式填空。
生物专业英语试题及答案
生物专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a type of cell organelle?A. MitochondriaB. NucleusC. RibosomeD. Cell wall2. The process of DNA replication is catalyzed by:A. PolymeraseB. TransposaseC. LigaseD. Helicase3. In eukaryotic cells, where is the transcription of DNA primarily carried out?A. CytoplasmB. MitochondriaC. NucleusD. Ribosomes4. What is the basic unit of heredity in all living organisms?A. GeneB. ChromosomeC. DNA moleculeD. Protein5. The term "genome" refers to:A. The complete set of genes of an organismB. The entire DNA of an organismC. The sum of all the proteins in an organismD. The collection of all the cells in an organism6. Which of the following is a method of genetic engineering?A. CrossbreedingB. CloningC. CRISPR-Cas9D. Natural selection7. What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?A. To provide the energy for the processB. To carry specific amino acids to the ribosomeC. To serve as the template for protein synthesisD. To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds8. The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the allele frequencies in a population will remain constant in the absence of:A. MigrationB. Genetic driftC. Natural selectionD. All of the above9. Which of the following is not a type of mutation?A. DeletionB. InsertionC. TranslocationD. Translation10. The process of photosynthesis primarily occurs in the:A. Cell wallB. CytoplasmC. ChloroplastsD. Nucleus二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The chemical structure of DNA is a double ________ helix.2. The process by which a fertilized egg develops into a mature organism is called ________.3. In genetics, the term "dominant" refers to an allele that expresses its effect when ________.4. The scientific name for a species is composed of two parts: the genus name and the ________ name.5. The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to ________, modify, and package proteins for secretion or delivery toother organelles.三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.2. Describe the process of mitosis and its significance incell division.四、翻译题（每题15分，共30分）1. Translate the following sentence into English:"基因编辑技术，如CRISPR-Cas9，为研究和治疗遗传性疾病提供了新的可能性。
内科专业英语试题及答案
内科专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of anemia?A. FatigueB. Pale skinC. Frequent urinationD. Shortness of breathAnswer: C2. The term "hyperglycemia" refers to:A. High blood pressureB. High blood sugarC. High cholesterolD. High blood calciumAnswer: B3. What is the medical term for inflammation of the heart muscle?A. MyocarditisB. PericarditisC. EndocarditisD. CarditisAnswer: A4. Which of the following is a type of autoimmune disease?A. DiabetesB. ArthritisC. HypertensionD. AsthmaAnswer: B5. The abbreviation "COPD" stands for:A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseB. Chronic Organ Pathology DisorderC. Chronic Osteoporosis Prevention DiseaseD. Chronic Oral Pathology DisorderAnswer: A6. Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of blood sugar levels?A. InsulinB. GlucagonC. ThyroxineD. CortisolAnswer: A7. What is the medical term for a blood clot within a blood vessel?A. ThrombosisB. EmbolismC. HematomaD. AneurysmAnswer: A8. The condition known as "gout" is caused by a buildup of which substance in the body?A. CalciumB. Uric acidC. TriglyceridesD. CholesterolAnswer: B9. Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxification in the body?A. LiverB. KidneysC. LungsD. HeartAnswer: A10. The abbreviation "IBS" stands for:A. Irritable Bowel SyndromeB. Inflammatory Bowel SyndromeC. Intestinal Blood SyndromeD. Intrinsic Bowel SyndromeAnswer: A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The medical term for the condition where the stomach contents flow back into the esophagus is ________.Answer: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)12. A person with ________ has an abnormally high level of thyroid hormones.Answer: Hyperthyroidism13. Diabetes is characterized by ________ levels of glucose in the blood.Answer: High14. The term "pneumonia" refers to an infection of the________.Answer: Lungs15. The ________ is the largest organ in the human body. Answer: Skin16. A ________ is a medical professional who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels.Answer: Cardiologist17. The ________ is the process by which the body breaks down food into energy.Answer: Metabolism18. A ________ is a type of cancer that originates in the blood.Answer: Leukemia19. The hormone ________ is produced by the pancreas andhelps regulate blood sugar levels.Answer: Insulin20. The ________ is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.Answer: Ureters三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. What is the difference between acute and chronic diseases?Answer: Acute diseases are short-term conditions that have a rapid onset and typically resolve quickly with treatment oron their own. Chronic diseases, on the other hand, are long-lasting conditions that persist over time and may require ongoing management and treatment.22. Explain the function of the spleen in the body.Answer: The spleen is an important organ in the lymphatic system. It filters blood, removes old or damaged red blood cells, and produces white blood cells that fight infections.It also stores platelets and can play a role in the immune response.23. Describe the role of insulin in the body.Answer: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. It allows cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream, which is then usedfor energy or stored for future use. Insulin helps maintain blood sugar levels within a normal range.24. What are the common symptoms of a stroke?Answer: Common symptoms of a stroke include sudden numbnessor weakness on one side of the body, confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech, difficulty seeing in one or both eyes, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, and severe headache with no known cause. These symptoms can indicate a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.四、论述题（每题10分，共20分）25. Discuss the importance of a balanced diet in。
英语专业面试试题及答案
英语专业面试试题及答案一、自我介绍1. 请用英语简单介绍一下你自己。
答案：My name is [Your Name], and I am a senior English major student at [Your University]. I have a passion for languages and cultures, which led me to choose English as my major.二、专业知识2. 请解释什么是“语义场”。
答案：Semantic field, also known as "semantic domain" or "semantic field theory," refers to a group of words that are related in meaning and often belong to the same conceptual domain.3. 请列举并解释三种不同的英语时态。
答案：Three different English tenses are:- Simple Present: Used for habitual actions or general truths.- Past Perfect: Used to describe an action completed before another past action.- Future Continuous: Used to describe an action that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future.三、情景对话4. 如果你被问到“Why do you want to work for our company?”，请给出你的答案。
答案：I am attracted to your company because of its innovative approach and commitment to excellence. I believemy skills and passion for the English language align with your company's values and goals.四、翻译能力5. 请将以下句子从英语翻译成中文："The early bird catches the worm."答案：早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
专业四级英语试题及答案
专业四级英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话或短文，选择正确答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例题目]根据对话内容，下列哪项是正确的？A. 他们计划去看电影。
B. 他们决定去图书馆。
C. 他们正在讨论作业。
D. 他们打算去公园。
[样例答案]B2. 根据所听短文，完成下列信息填空。
[样例题目]根据短文内容，填写以下信息：- 短文中提到的主要人物是________。
- 事件发生的时间是________。
[样例答案]- 主要人物：John Smith- 事件发生时间：2023年3月15日二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读下列短文，回答后面的问题。
[短文内容][此处为短文正文][样例问题]根据短文内容，以下哪项是正确的？A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]C2. 阅读下列短文，选择最佳标题。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]B三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 选择适当的单词或短语填空。
[样例题目]In the _______ of the meeting, he made an important announcement.A. presenceB. absenceC. silenceD. chaos[样例答案]A2. 根据句子结构，选择正确的语法形式。
[样例题目]If she _______ earlier, she would have caught the train.A. leavesB. leftC. is leavingD. had left[样例答案]D四、完形填空（共15分）[样例题目]阅读下面的短文，从所给选项中选择最佳答案填空。
[此处为短文正文][样例选项]A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[样例答案]1. B2. A3. D...10. C五、翻译（共15分）1. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。
2022年自考专业(英语)英语阅读(一)考试真题及答案15
2022年自考专业(英语)英语阅读（一）考试真题及答案一、Careful Reading(40 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answers and write the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.1、Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The old fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lack that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but a social meeting place.A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff was concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The moderm supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred, apart fromall the other everyday problems of running a large business.Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise; and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.The main purpose of the passage is to show ______.A.how the supermarket replaces the old general storeB.how the old fashioned general store is fast disappearingC.how supermarket managers deal with problems every morningD.how the role of the shop manager undergoes an overall change2、 It is a pity that there are fewer old general stores now because _______.A.there is less trading businessB.there used to be more social activities in the old daysC.supermarket managers have more problemsD.there is less personal contact between manager and customer3、Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in the first paragraph?A.People representing any of the regular customers of the old general store.B.Shop assistants.C.Friends of the s hop manager’s.D.Two regular customers of the store.4、 How has the job of the store manager changed?A.He doesn’t sell tea or washing powder any more.B.He has a much larger staff to take care of, to say nothing of all the other daily problems of running the store.C.He must try hard to remember the names of the regular customers.D.He has to give advice and make decisions every day.5、The author compared the supermarket manager to ______.A.a military leaderB.a school inspectorC.a traffic supervisorD.an orchestra conductor6、Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.By the Treaty of Parisof 1763, which ended the war withthe French and the Indians, England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the American colonists should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of 10,000 men had been left in the colonies for protection against the Indians. The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a Series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Actrequired that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc. TheStamp Actwas one of the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would surely ruin their businesses.Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young lawyerfrom Virginia-Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Actcame up for discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had been stated so openly. 查看答案【二、Speed Reading】1~5BBBDB6~10CBDB。
《专业英语》试题及答案
《专业英语》试题及答案第一大题：判断题1、（）In China，minority people share the same basic rights with the Han.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A2、（）Beijing Opera，one of China's most famous art form，is over200years old.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B3、（）Of the world's two great cuisines, the Chinese is as varied as, and, in fact, much younger in tradition than the French.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B4、（）Buddhism is the mere major religion that came exclusively from Chinese roots and grew to maturity in Chinese soil.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B5、（）At Datong, the Huayan actually consists of two monasteries, the upper and lower.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A6、（）The first tour in the modern sense was put together by Thomas Cook in England in 1981.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A7、（）A agent can use the terminal to ask the computer a question and receive an answer in a matter of seconds.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B8、（）However,different nations have same rating systems.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B9、（）In many countries,tipping is necessary in non-self-service restaurants or cafes.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A10、（）No smoke is allowed on the flight,even in the lavatories.A.正确参考答案：B11、（）Mt.E'mei is reputed as"the most beautiful mountain under heaven."A.正确B.错误参考答案：A12、（）Du fu was born in present-day Gongxian County,Henan Province in712.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B13、（）I wonder if you could make some change to our agenda.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A14、（）Shopping is a tourist attraction in big cities.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A15、（）In western countries, when people dine out together, they often go Dutch or have a Dutch treat.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A16、（）Strictly speaking, Confucianism is more an ethical system than a religion, and only Daoism is native to China.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A17、（）Tokyo has some world-class higher institutions, including Tokyo, Waseda and Keio universities.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A18、（）The Shang Dynasty constituted the first Chinese state in ancient time.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B19、（）In China, the foreign visitor is often shown a variety of Chinese medical techniques.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A20、（）Over the pass centuries，foreign elements have been absorbed and assimilates into Chinese culture. A typical example is Buddhism.A.正确参考答案：A21、（）Generally speaking, the western part of the country is more populous and developed than the eastern part, but less resourceful than the latter.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B22、（）Usually, if you are invited by a Chinese, you are not expected to foot the bill.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A23、（）China is a multinationalcountry with 56 nationalities, and the Hui is the majority people.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B24、（）Recent studies also show that the Yangtze River is another major source of Chinese civilization.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A25、（）People enjoy drinking tea not only for quenching thirst and overcoming fatigue but also for helping digestion.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A26、（）Muslim cuisine and vegetarian cuisine include pork and all sort of meat respectively.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B27、（）As one of the world’s few free ports, Hong Kong offers duty-free goods.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A28、（）There are the first seven thing to start with when a day begins—firewood , rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and coffee.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B29、（）Zhuge Liang was a celebrated statesman and military strategist of the Wei Kingdom.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B30、（）Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, a world natural heritage and a world biosphere reserve, has been listed by the UNESCO.B.错误参考答案：A31、（）A good location isn’t an important factor in the success of an agency.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B32、（）The three basic elements of tourism are the tourist, the tourism resources and the travel agency.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B33、（）In recent years, China has established a modern, long-distance highway system and inter-city fast train service.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A34、（）Chinese food is featured by “colorful”, “flavorous”, “delicious”, “shapeable”, “varied” and “complex”.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A35、（）The travel agency is supposed to design tour routes, work out tour plans, make tour prices and so on.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A36、（）Exercise isn’t another important element in Chinese health therapy.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B37、（）Hotel both in America and China are rated as one star, two stars, three stars, four stars and five stars.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B38、（）For defense against nomadic Mongolian tribes, the first emperor of the Tang Dynasty had the Great Wall connected.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B39、（）The three greatest brocades in China are Shu Brocade, Yun Brocade and Song Brocade.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A40、（）From antiquity，the Chinese have been assiduous keepers of official archives.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A41、（）In China, trains are divided into “hard seat” and “soft seat” coaches and “hard” and “soft” sleepers.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A42、（）The most famous painting of the Tang Dynasty is Life along the River on the Eve of the Qingming Festival.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B43、（）Coffee is the most popular beverage for the Chinese, just as tea for Americans.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B44、（）China, reputed as the “Silk Nation”, has been famous for her silk products for centuries.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A45、（）In most Chinese cities, there exists a very convenient transit system: urban buses, trolleys and double-deckers.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A46、（）Most of the minorities differ from the Han in language and custom.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A47、（）There are three types of trains：“special express”, “direct express” and “slow”.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A48、（）The so-called tri-colored glazed pottery was typical of the Song Dynasty.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B49、（）Mount E’mei is one of the four sacred Buddhist mountains in China.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A50、（）Many newer hotels don’t offer buffets for breakfast and lunch.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B51、（）Carbon monoxide is harmful to mankind's health.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A52、（）Ethanol can be obtained from oil crops.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B53、（）The oxygen can be combined with hydrogen in a fuel cell.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A54、（）Alcohol produced from corn is a renewable energy source.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B55、（）A solar cell works mainly based on the optoelectronics effec.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A56、（）Bacteria are termed prokaryotic because they lack nuclear membranes.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A57、（）Chemoorganotrophs are referred to as autotrophs.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B58、（）A species surviving in uncrowded but possibly physically restrictive environments is designated as K-selected.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B59、（）The numerically predominant bacteria in soil are Streptomycetes.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B60、（）Throughout most of the world, industry is the leading consumptive user of water.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B61、（）Withdrawals for agricultural purposes currently account for over two thirds total abstraction in all OECD countries.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B62、（）The practice of exploiting underground water for agriculture is essential for the protection of natural resources.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B63、（）Land degradation, is the decline in land quality or reduction in its productivity and environmental regulatory capacity.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A64、（）Land degradation is a physical process driven by socioeconomic and political causes.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B65、（）Accelerated soil erosion is another principal land degradation process.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A第二大题：翻译句子1、中国是一个人口众多的多民族国家。
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广东纺织职业技术学院2010～2011学年第一学期《专业英语》期中试卷考试时间：120分钟考试形式：开卷适用专业：班级：学号：姓名：成绩：各题20分一、单词翻译（英译汉）titrimetric analysisreagent titrantflask oxidationprecision standard solutionsodium hydroxide Equilibriumconstantequilibrium. manifestequilibriumconcentrationfrictional flowionizationconstantcorrect formolarity compressed gasneutralization deviceplus elevationneutral positive-displacementmeter reciprocating sodium hydroxide pistonexternal centrifugal pumpin the absence of rotationalat the expense of rotational velocitycompensation streamspecific upstream stationstreamline downstream station二、单词翻译（汉译英）垂直于传热面滤饼卸料符合，一致陶器的动量，动力，要素滤液动量传递孔随机运动，无规则运动胶体微粒扩散的构造，配置.邻近的，接近的. 波动，起伏振动的，振荡的大气压(1atm＝101. 3 kPa)(远离表面的)流体(本体)温度(风车、螺旋桨等的)翼，叶片目录，目录册切线的线性相关蜗壳形式恒定导热系数螺旋形，集液环固有特性，本征特性传动轴流动类型双吸强制对流不连续的，间断的，中断的过滤，筛选间歇的，断断续续的固体微粒复杂的过滤介质依靠，由于透过膜限于堆积粗粒子三、句子翻译（英译汉）1. Acid-base indicators (also known as pH indicators) are substances which change color with pH.2. Any solution for which the concentration is precisely known is called a standard solution.3. It is an introductory text, written for undergraduate students in their junior or senior years who have completed the usual courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and an introduction to chemical engineering. An elementary knowledge of material and heat balances and of thermodynamic principles is assumed.4. In a piston pump, liquid is drawn through an inlet check valve into the cylinder by the withdrawal of a piston and then is forced out through a discharge check valve on the return stroke.5. Filtration is the removal of solid particles from a fluid by passing the fluidthrough a filtering medium, or septum, on which the solids are deposited.四、句子翻译（汉译英）1. 在滴定中，与被测物质发生完全反应的试剂通常称为滴定剂，滴定分析就是定量测定出所消耗滴定剂的体积2. 该平衡式说明一摩尔氢氧化钠与一摩尔盐酸反应生成一摩尔氯化钠和一摩尔水。
3. 化学工程师必须开发、设计和工程化整个工艺和所需的设备，选择适当的原材料，高效、安全和经济性地运作工厂，并确保产品满足客户的要求。
4. 更多情况下，进料(悬浮液)需要进行预处理，以便加快过滤速度。
预处理方式包括加热、重结晶或是加入过滤助剂如纤维素或硅藻土。
5. 当两个温度不同的物体接触时，热量将从高温物体流向低温物体。
热量流动的净结果永远是向低温方向进行。
热量传递的机理有三种：热传导、热对流和热辐射。
五、短文翻译1. An economical method of organizing much of the subject matter of chemical engineering is based on two facts: ①although the number of individual processes is great, each one can be broken down into a series of steps, called operations, each of which in turns appears in process after process; ②the individual operations have common techniques and are based on the same scientific principles.2. The behavior of fluids is important to process engineering generally and constitutes one of the foundations for the study of unit operation. An understanding of fluids is essential, not only for accurately treating problems in the movement of fluids through pipes, pumps, and all kinds of process equipments but also for the study of heat flow and many separations that depend on diffusion and mass transfer.3. At given temperature and pressure, a fluid possesses a definite density, which in engineering practice is usually measured in kilograms per cubic meter. Although the density of all fluids depends on the temperature and pressure, the variation in density with changes in these variables may be small or large. If the density changes only slightly with moderate changes in temperature and pressure, the fluid is said to be incompressible; if the changes in density are significant, the fluid is said to be compressible. Liquids are generally considered to be incompressible and gases compressible. The terms are relative, however, and the density of a liquid can change appreciably if pressure and temperature are changed over wide limits. Also, gases subjected to small percentage changes in pressure and temperature act as incompressible fluids and density changes under such conditions may be neglected without serious error.4. In metals, thermal conduction results from the motion of free electrons, and there is close correspondence between thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In solids that are poor conductors of electricity and in most liquids, thermal conduction results from momentum transfer between adjacent vibrating molecules or atoms. In gases, conduction occurs by the random motion of molecules, so that heat is “diffused” from hotter regions to colder ones.广东纺织职业技术学院2010～2011学年第一学期《专业英语》期中考试参考答案一、单词翻译（英译汉）titrimetric 滴定的analysis 分析reagent 试剂titrant 滴定剂flask 烧瓶oxidation 氧化precision 精密度standard solution 标准溶液sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠Equilibriumconstant平衡常数equilibrium. 平衡manifest 出现，表明equilibriumconcentration平衡浓度frictional flow 有摩擦的流动ionizationconstant电离常数correct for 做……的修正molarity 物质的量浓度compressed gas 压缩气体neutralization 中和device 装置，设备plus 正的，加的elevation 海拔，地理高度neutral 中性的positive-displacement 正位移meter 米，公尺，计，表，仪表reciprocating 往复的，来回的sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠piston 活塞external 外部的(常与to搭配) centrifugal pump 离心泵，离心抽机in the absence of 缺乏……时，当……不在时rotational 转动的，轮流的at the expense of 归……付费，在损害……的情况下rotational velocity 旋转速度compensation 补偿，赔偿stream 溪，川，流，一股，一串，河流specific 特定的upstream station 上游截面streamline .流线downstream station 下游截面二、单词翻译（汉译英）normal to surface 垂直于传热面discharge 滤饼卸料correspondence 符合，一致ceramic 陶器的momentum 动量，动力，要素filtrate 滤液momentumtransfer动量传递opening 孔random motion 随机运动，无规则运动colloidal particle 胶体微粒diffused 扩散的configuration 构造，配置adjacent .邻近的，接近的fluctuation . 波动，起伏vibrating 振动的，振荡的atm(atmosphere) 大气压(1atm＝101. 3 kPa)bulk temperature (远离表面的)流vane (风车、螺旋桨等of fluid，far fromsurface体(本体)温度的)翼，叶片catalog 目录，目录册tangential 切线的linear dependence 线性相关spiral casing 蜗壳形式constant thermal conductivity 恒定导热系数volute 螺旋形，[机]集液环intrinsic property 固有特性，本征特性drive shaft 传动轴flow pattern 流动类型double suction 双吸forced convection 强制对流discontinuous 不连续的，间断的，中断的filtration 过滤，筛选intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的solid particle 固体微粒complex 复杂的filtering medium 过滤介质by virtue of 依靠，由于septum 透过膜be restricted 限于deposit 堆积coarse particle 粗粒子三、句子翻译（英译汉）1. Acid-base indicators (also known as pH indicators) are substances which change color with pH.酸碱指示剂，又称pH指示剂，是颜色随pH而变化的物质。