Chapter4WhatshouldIdo(过去完成时)
大学体验英语综合教程4课文翻译和课后答案
大学体验英语综合教程4课文翻译和课后答案大学体验英语综合教程4课后答案Unit 1课后答案Read and thi nk 31~5 BADDCRead and thi nk 4l. media2.images3. abusive4. fulfilli ng5. recog niti on6. status7. stresses8. aware9. deserveRead and complete 51. obligati on2. applauded3. fulfilled4. mirror5. flexibility6. devalue7. striving8. entailed9. supposedly10. ConsequentlyRead and complete 61. referred to as2. at best3. by the same toke n4. at large5. held up...asRead and tran slate 81. 随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
With his promoti on,he has take n on greater resp on sibilities.2?他感到他没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。
He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.3?闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露西却喜欢呆在家里看书。
Mary likes to go shopp ing in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy,who prefers to stay athome read ing.4. 说好听一点，可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心或没有资格的权力追求者。
or At best he' s ambitious,and at worst a power-seeker without conscienee qualificati ons.5. 我们已经尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
八年级英语下册第四单元学习要点(新目标英语)
八年级英语下册第四单元学习要点（新目标英语）学习要点本单元通过对转述别人所说的话进行练习。
主要是希望我们熟练地掌握怎样把直接引语变成间接引语，注意掌握转变过程中哪些部分需要改变。
SectionA．that引导的宾语从句及用法2．直接引语和间接引语3．on的用法4．bemadat的用法5．tellsb．sth．的用法6．notanymore的用法7．take和bring的区别8．pass．to．的用法9．besupposedto的用法SectionB．dowellin的用法2．better的用法3．How'sitgoing?的用法4．ingoodhealth的用法5．luckily和lucky的区别Selfcheck．it形式主语结构2．borrow的用法3．forgettodo和forgetdoing的区别4．名词性物主代词单元语法归纳cRAmmAR直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。
用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语一般前后要加引号；间接引语不用引号。
直接引语：mrBlacksaid，“I’mbusy.”间接引语：mrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连接词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语等要作相应的变化。
.人称的变化①jimsaid，“IlikeEnglishverymuch.”→jimsaidhelikedEnglishverymuch.②Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hesaid（that）hehadlefthisbookinmyroom.2.时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做以下的变化。
直接引语间接引语一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）过去将来时①Hesaid，“Isawthenfilmyesterday.”→Hesaidthathehadseenthefilmthedaybefore.②Shesaid，“Ihaveseenthemovie.Itisgood.”Shesaidthatshehadseenthemovieandthatitwasgood.【注】①直接引语如果是客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
虚拟语气should do结构
虚拟语气should do结构【原创版】目录1.虚拟语气的定义与作用2.should do 结构的构成3.should do 结构的用法及举例4.should do 结构与其他虚拟语气结构的区别正文一、虚拟语气的定义与作用虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分，主要用来表示与事实相反的假设、建议、愿望等。
在英语中，虚拟语气通常通过特定的动词形式和助动词 should 来表达。
should do 结构是虚拟语气中常见的一种形式，用来表示应该做的事情。
二、should do 结构的构成should do 结构由助动词 should 和动词原形组成，其中 should 可以省略。
should do 结构的构成有以下三种情况：1.should + 动词原形：如 should do（应该做某事）2.should + have + 过去分词：如 should have done（本应该做某事）3.should + have + 过去分词：如 should have been doing（本应该一直在做某事）三、should do 结构的用法及举例should do 结构主要用于以下三种情况：1.表示建议：如 You should go to the doctor（你应该去看医生）。
2.表示应该做的事情：如 We should help each other（我们应该互相帮助）。
3.表示对过去的评价：如 She should have finished her homework yesterday（她昨天本应该完成她的作业）。
四、should do 结构与其他虚拟语气结构的区别should do 结构是虚拟语气中的一种，但它与其他虚拟语气结构有所不同。
例如，与表示对过去的虚拟语气（would + have + 过去分词）相比，should do 结构表示的是应该做的事情，而 would + have + 过去分词表示的是与过去事实相反的假设。
初三英语Unit4 What would you do知识精讲 人教版(新目标)
初三英语Unit 4 What would you do?知识精讲人教版（新目标）【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容：Unit 4 What would you do?教学目标：1. 学会表达与现在情况相反的虚拟语气的结构。
2. 学习使用虚拟语气提出建议。
3. 谈论一些假设的、虚拟的情况。
4. 学会用虚拟语气表达自己还没有实现的愿望。
重点词组、短语：million百万in public 当众，公开的trouble 烦恼plenty of 很多的，足够的energetic有活力的get along with 与……相处factory 工厂let…down 使……失望或沮丧hard 硬的 e up with提出，想出win the lottery 彩票中奖medical research 医学研究get pimples 长青春痘what if 如果……怎么办too…to…太……而不能get nervous变得紧Xlook terrible 看起来糟糕let me have one 让我拥有一个introduce oneself 自我介绍speak in public在公共场合讲话without permission 未经允许not…in the slightest一点也不plenty of 充足的rather than 而不是would rather…than…宁愿……而不right away 立刻，马上invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事no … in the slightest 一点也不e top 名列前茅think of 想出重点句型：1. What would you do if you had a million dollars?I’d give it to charity.2. If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie.If I were you, I’d take a small present.3. I can’t sleep the night before an exam. What should I do?重点语法：1. 虚拟语气。
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译Unit 1TextTwo college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is.BIG BUCKS THE EASY W AYJohn G. Hubbell"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags."I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered."I can live with it," his brother agreed."But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you."The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone."Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired."Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.""Another truck?""The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening.What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning."Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted." Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!""Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?""Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do."At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections. We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son. There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleveninserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning.""Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later. Got a lunch date.When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife."Did you have a nice lunch?" she asked sweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so."Awful," I reported. "Some sort of sour fish. Eel, I think.""Good. Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each. Assembly lines have been set up. In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'""That's encouraging.""No, it's not," she corrected. "It's very discouraging. They're been as it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!""Another thing," she continued. "Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm.Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags."But that would cut into our profit," he suggested."There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time. If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves. And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.""Do it!""Yes, sir!"By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each. The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed.The strike lasted less than two hours. In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour. Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink.As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amountfor gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother. This left them with $185 each — about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked. Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while.All went well for some weeks. Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons. They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside. I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then I overheard them discussing finances."Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!""We're going to be rich!"Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library."No! No!" I cried. "You can't sell our books!""Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!""You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain."Sure you are. You read them, and you're done with them. That's it. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……"一个大学男孩，不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动，被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告吸引了。
新目标八级下册第单元WhatshouldIdo知识讲解
Unit 2 What should I do?【单元目标】1．单词与短语stereo, loud, argue, original, serious, style, wrong, argument, either, teen, talk, family, tutor, haircut, caller, except, upsetwant sb. to do sth.play one 's stereostay at homeargue with sb / have an argument with sb.be out of stylewrite sb a letter/write totalk abouton the phone surprise sb. pay for get a part-time job borrow sth. from sb.ask sb. for …have a bake salefind outbe upsetcall … upthe same as get on well with sb. return sth.have a fight with sb.from … to …drop off prepare for after-school clubs be used to fill up take the middle road2．目标句型：1. What should I do?2. Why don 't you ….?3. You could …4. You should …5. You shouldn ' t ….3．语法情态动词的用法I【重难点分析】情态动词（Modal Verbs ）I* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词（Modal Auxiliaries），因”为它和基本助动词（be,do, have都属于助动词类。
* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。
综合英语教程4第三版课后翻译答案(邹为诚主编).
综合英语教程第三版4邹为诚主编第二单元p371.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。
shiftyMary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house.2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。
sneer atBob always sneers at my taste in clothes.3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。
pryIt is impolite to pry into other’s secrets.4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。
be after sthI think Chris is after my job.5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。
trail offShe trailed off,silenced by the look Chris gave her.6.那些树枝干而易断。
brittleThe branches were dry and brittle.7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。
crackleThe radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said.8.地面向海倾斜。
slopeThe land slopes down to the sea.9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。
bulgeHis pockets were bulging with money.10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。
haggleI had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare.第三单元p581.这样的好机会千载难逢。
once in a blue moonAn opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue moon.2.这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。
虚拟语气should do结构
虚拟语气should do结构摘要：1.虚拟语气的定义与用法2.should do 结构的含义3.should do 结构的使用场景4.should do 结构与其他类似结构的区别5.should do 结构在实际语境中的运用正文：虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它表示与事实相反或者与现在或将来事实可能不同的情况。
在虚拟语气中，should do 结构是一种常见的表达方式，用来表示应该做的事情或者本应该做的事情。
should do 结构由情态动词should 和不定式to do 构成，其中should 可以省略。
这个结构表示说话者认为某人应该做某事，但事实上并没有做。
例如：“You should study harder.”（你应该更加努力学习。
）should do 结构在使用时有以下几种场景：1.表示建议：当说话者希望对方做某事时，可以使用should do 结构。
例如：“You should go to the doctor.”（你应该去看医生。
）2.表示批评：当说话者认为对方没有做应该做的事情时，可以使用should do 结构。
例如：“You should have finished your homework before watching TV.”（你应该在看电视之前完成作业。
）3.表示可能性：should do 结构可以表示某种可能性，例如：“It shouldrain soon.”（很快会下雨。
）should do 结构与其他类似结构有所区别。
例如，与“will do”结构相比，should do 结构表示的是应该做的事情，而will do 结构表示的是将要做的事情。
此外，与“might do”结构相比，should do 结构表达的是更加强烈的建议或批评。
在实际语境中，should do 结构可以用来描述各种情况，例如对他人的期望、对自己的要求以及对未来的预测。
掌握好should do 结构，有助于我们更加准确地表达自己的想法和观点。
九年级人教新目标Unit4What should you do
九（上）英语第四单元学案Unit 4 What would you do?第1课时Unit 4Sect ion A 1a-2c学习目标单词 million medical research tie worry what if What would you do?1. 谈论一些假设的、虚拟的情况2. 初步学习虚拟语气3. 使用虚拟句提出建议教学重点、难点：掌握与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句学习方法合作学习自主学习听说读写相结合学习内容和过程一、检测联系阶段1. If I come, I ________ ( see ) you.2. If it is fine, we______( go ) for a walk.3. You will spoil it if you ______ ( not be ) careful.4. Will you help me if I _____ ( need ) you.5. They will get wet if it _____ ( rain ).6. it _________ (not rain), they _________________ (help) the farmers pick apples tomorro二、激趣导入阶段思考如果你有很多钱，你会做什么？把你的答案填入1a。
认真预习课本P26-27，完成以下任务。
三、联动探讨阶段（一）默写下列单词。
1.百万2.医学的3.领带4.研究、调查5.烦恼、忧虑6.如果…将会怎么样（一）翻译下列词组。
1.把它给慈善机构2.买点心、买零食3.把它放银行4.医疗研究5.聚会迟到6.穿衬衫，打领带7.担忧、担心8.其他每个人9.紧张10.两百万美元四、竞争展示阶段1．If you won a million dollars in the lottery, what would you do? Please write down how you would spend your money.你发现什么规律？--____________________________________完成听力五、创新升华阶段二、完成下列任务1. What would you do if you had a million dollars?I _____ _ _ if I had a million dollars.2.如果我是你，我会带去一件小礼物。
What should I do
What’s the matter? What’s wrong？ What should he do?
Wendy has a problem. She can’t remember the new words well.
What should she do?
Who can give her some advice?
My parents want me to stay at home every night. My brother plays his CDs too loud. I don’t have enough money. I argued with my best friend. My clothes are out of style.
him up.
c. I don’t want to surprise
3. You should say you’re him.
sorry.
d. I don’t like writing letters.
4. Maybe you could go to e. I don’t want to talk about
B: I argued with my best friend.
A: Maybe you could call him up.
B: I don’t want to talk about it on the phone. …
四、练习提升
（一）英汉互译。 1. keep out _禁__止__进__入__ 2. out of style _过__时__了__，__落__伍__的
一、自主学习
• 1、根据音标拼读104页第二单元的单词（keep out~What's the matter?）。大声朗读单词两次， 然后关上书根据汉语提示写出下列单词。
人民大2023张道真英语语法(第三版)(精华版)课件Chapter 4
A COMPREHENSIVE ENGLISH GRAMMAR
第三版
桂林学院英语语法教师团队
Chapter 4
被动语态
一、主动语态和被动语态
决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系。如果 主语是动作的执行者，它们就是主动关系，动词就要用主动语态。如 果它是动作的承受者，它们就是被动关系，动词就需要用被动语态。
（1）句子的被动结构 主语（动作承受者） 被动语态的谓语
The window
was broken
The concert
was composed
by + 动作执行者
by a stone. by Mozart.
（2）不用 by 引起的短语而用其他短语 主语（动作承受者） 谓 语
The building
was surrounded
3.1带情态动词的被动结构
（1）由 can, could 构成的被动结构
Satellites can be launched by such rockets. They could not have been overheard.
（2）由 may, might 构成的被动结构
Someday, life on earth may be destroyed. The picture may have been painted by a student.
（2）ought to 的被动结构
They ought to be encouraged to voice their views.
（3）has to, have to, had to 的被动结构
Economy has (had) to be practiced.
what should i do句型
what should i do句型
“What should I do”是一个常用的英语句型，用于表达不确定或寻求建议的情境。
以下是一些使用该句型的示例：
1. 面临困难时：当你遇到困难或不知道如何处理某种情况时，可以使用这个句型来寻求帮助或建议。
- I'm really confused about what to do next. What should I do?
2. 做出选择时：当你面临多个选择，不确定该如何抉择时，可以使用这个句型来征求他人的意见。
- I have two job offers, and I'm not sure which one to accept. What should I do?
3. 寻求建议时：当你需要关于某个具体问题的建议时，可以使用这个句型来向他人请教。
- I want to improve my English skills. What should I do to achieve that?
4. 表达困惑时：当你对某件事情感到困惑或不理解时，可以使用这个句型来表达你的疑问。
- I don't understand this math problem. What should I do?。
whatshouldido的英语作文
whatshouldido的英语作文Title: Decisions and Actions: Charting Your CourseWhen faced with the question, "What should I do?", it signifies a moment of introspection and decision-making, a juncture where one's choices will chart the course of their immediate future. Writing an essay on this theme, one might consider addressing the process of decision-making and taking action in a reflective manner.Essay Outline:Introduction:The query "What should I do?" is a common refrain in our everyday lives. It reflects the myriad of choices we encounter and the responsibility we hold in shaping our destiny. This essay aims to delve into the strategies to approach such situations, emphasizing the importance of careful consideration, self-awareness, and decisive action.Body Paragraph 1: Understanding the SituationBefore determining what to do, it is imperative to fully comprehend the situation at hand. This involves gathering information, analyzing the pros and cons, and considering the potential outcomes. For example, if deciding on a career path, one should research industries, evaluate personal strengths and weaknesses, and anticipate future trends.Body Paragraph 2: Self-Awareness and ValuesOur decisions should resonate with our personal values and goals. Self-reflection plays a pivotal role here, asking ourselves what motivates us, what we stand for, and what brings us joy. Knowing oneself deeply enables us to align our actions with our inner compass, ensuring that whatever we choose to do resonates with our authentic selves.Body Paragraph 3: Seeking Advice and GuidanceWhile introspection is vital, it is equally important to seek advice from mentors, friends, or experts in the field. Their perspectives can shed light on aspects we may have overlooked and provide valuable guidance. Engaging in constructive dialogue can enrich our decision-making process.Body Paragraph 4: Taking Decisive ActionOnce the necessary groundwork has been laid, it's time to take action. Indecision often breeds uncertainty, while a calculated leap can propel us forward. Even if the chosen path doesn't lead straight to success, every step serves as a learning experience, helping us refine our course along the way.Conclusion:Ultimately, answering the question "What should I do?" requires a blend of informed analysis, self-knowledge, external counsel, and courageous action. Remember, life is a series of choices, and each decision we make shapes our journey. Embrace the process with mindfulness and resilience, and always view each step, regardless of outcome, as a valuable addition to your life's mosaic.By adopting these methods, one can approach the question of "What should Ido?" with confidence and clarity, recognizing that the power to create one's life story lies firmly within oneself. The key is to act with intention and purpose, treating every decision as a chapter in the grand narrative of life.。
考向22宾语从句(讲练结合)(重点)-2022年中考英语一轮复习考点微专题
考向22 宾语从句The 8yearold boy asked his parents ________.A．what life would be like if they moved to the USB．which floor would they live on in the hotelC．how they called a man who likes showing offD．when could he have his own bedroom【答案】A【详解】句意：这个8岁的男孩问他的父母，如果他们搬到美国，生活会是什么样子。
考查宾语从句。
宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BD；宾语从句的时态保持一致，主语的谓语动词asked是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去时态，选项C中定语从句时态是一般现在时态，排除C。
故选A。
宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。
考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。
因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
中考考查重点：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。
考向一: 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’ t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
人教版初中八年级英语PPT课件What should I do
Problem 4: I think I’m heavier than the other girls in my class. Some of my classmates laugh at me. What should I do?
Problem 5: Ken is not good at maths. He failed the math exam again. What should he do?
You should say you’re sorry.
My clothes are out of style. What should I do?
Maybe you should buy some new clothes.
What’ s wrong with him? What should he do?
Problem 1:
I argued with my best friend. He is angry with me about it. What should I do?
Problem 2:
My parents always argue. What should I do?
Problem 3: Linda always has too much homework to do and she often gets stressed out(压力). What should she do?
argue with sb =have an argument with sb
…in style
…out of style
I want to buy a toy. But I don’t have enough money. What should I do?
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过 去 完 成 时（一）
【原句重现】
1.When we got home, we learnt that the police had just been to the flats and questioned everyone about the pot. 当我们回家时，我们得知警察刚才来过公寓并且问了每个人关 于花盆的事。 2.By nine o' clock yesterday evening, I had finished my piano lesson. 昨晚九点，我上完钢琴课了。
【巩固练习】
1. The meeting ______ by the time I got there yesterday. A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun 解析：由句中的by the time I got there yesterday 可 知空格处时态应用于过去完成时，过去完成时的 构成为“had+动词的过去分词”。 答案：C
4.与一般过去时的区别与联系： 过去完成时和一般过去时都可指动作发生在过去， 但过去完成时强调相对于过去某一时刻动作已经 完成；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一 时间或过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 需要特别注意的是：当句中含有yesterday,last year 等过去的时间状语时，应用一般过去时态。
试比较： I have been there twice. 我去过那儿两次。 I had been there twice before I went to school. 在我上 学前，我去过那儿两次。
【巩固练习】
1.I _______ (finish) my homework since three days ago. 2.I _______ (finish) my homework when my mother came back.
1.概念：过去完成时（the past perfect tense）表示发 生在过去的某个动作之前的动作或存在的状态，它表示句 子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。
【语法讲解】
2.句式结构 （1）基本形式：had+动词的过去分词。 （2）否定形式：had+not+动词的过去分词 （3）一般疑问句形式：Had+主语+动词的过去分词+......？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+had. 否定回答：No， 主语+hadn't. ——Had she finished her homework before she went home? 她在回家之前完成作业了吗？ ——Yes,she had./No,she hadn't. 是的，她完成了。/ 不，她没有。
3.标志词语： 过去完成时是个相对的时态，不能离开过去的 某个时 间或动作而独立存在。它常常存在于主句为一般过去 时的宾语从句中，也在含有“after/before/when+过去 时态的从句”或“by the time+过去时态的从句”等的 复合句的主句中。 By the time we got there,she had left.当我们到达那里的 时候，她已经离开了。
3.They had lived in Guangzhou since 2004 and last month,they moved to Shenzhen. 从2004年开始他们就住在广州，上个月他们搬到了深圳。
以上几个句子中均含有结构“had+动词的过去分词”， 这就是过去完成时态的构成。下面我们一起来学习一下吧！
请比较： By the end of last year,I had visited seven different cities. 截止到去年年底，我已经游览过七个不同的城市了。 We learned another English song last month. 上个月我们学了另一首英文歌曲。
2.By the end of last month,I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber. A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected 解析：结合时间状语by the end of last month（到 上个月末为止）知应用过去完成时。过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成 的动作，其结构为“had+动词的过去分词”。 答案：D
解析：1.由since可知本句为现在完成时，使用 “have+动词的过去分词”结构 2.由when my mother came back可知，事情在 过去已发生完，本句应用过去完成时。
答案：1.have finished 2.had finished
【巩固练习】
1. To my disappoinement the teacher ______ when I ______ at his office. A. left;had arrived Bபைடு நூலகம் left;arrived C. had left;had arrived D. had left;arrived 解析：句意“是我失望的是，当我到达老师办公 室时他已经离开了”，第二空用一般过去时态 arrived，老师离开了是“过去的过去”，用过去 完成时。
答案：D
【巩固练习】
2. The rich old man _______ (make) a will before he ______ (die).
解析：根据句意“老人在去世之前已经立好了遗 嘱”，可知第一空应用过去完成时，第二空应用 过去时
答案：had made;died.
5.与现在完成时的区别：现在完成时表示动作相对 于现在已经完成，其标准对照时间点为现在；而 过去完成时表示动作相对于过去某一时刻前已完 成，其标准对照时间点为过去。