大学英语精读Where do we go from here课文翻译课后习题问题详解

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现代大学英语精读第五册课后答案

Lesson One Where Do We Go from Here?1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation. The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else,can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the ind ividual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity. This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forcedto work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.…when the unfair p ractice of judhing human value by the amount of money a person has irs done away with.9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination.Translation1.A white lie is better than a black lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

大学英语精读3Unit15课后习题题目及答案翻译

Unit 11）From her accent I guess she’s from the Northeast.2）It was very clever of her to turn his argument against himself.3）I found a couple of shoes under the bed but they don’t make a pair.4）Dr. Bright always take his time as he examines his patients and treats them with extreme care. 5）British companies are trying to avoid the fate their American counterparts have already suffered.6）Wilfred’s remarks confirmed me in my opinion that he was an honorable(诚实的) young man.7）The key witness for the prosecution(原告方) was offered police protection after she received death threats.8）I thought that was the end of the matter but subsequent events proved me wrong.9）Having practiced for so long, the New Y ork baseball team stand a chance of winning the World Series (美国职业棒球大赛) this year.10）At the trial ,Bob’s teacher, who was called as a character witness , said he was a quiet boy who had never been in trouble before.Unit1 翻译1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。

现代大学英语精读5unit 1作者简介及课文背景

the Congressional Gold Medal in 2004
hard work to fight for the civil rights, the speech ―I Have A Dream‖ which is delivered on March 1963 at Washington had turned the whole United State upside down, the number of discrimination and racism decreased to a minimum level between black people and white people. People start to help each other and care about other people. This contribution had changed the history of America.
运动简介：
1954年美国联邦最高法院判定教育委员会种族隔离的学校违法，1955年阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市，黑人公民以全面罢乘来反对公车上的黑白隔离措施，1963年华盛顿的林肯纪念馆广场聚集二十五万名群众反种族隔离，美国民权运动领袖马丁· 路德· 金博士发表著名的演说《我有一个梦》为民权运动的高峰，其他参与的著名人物还有麦尔坎· X （Malcolm X）等人
King is a hero, he had done many
I have a dream
King's most influential and well-known speech is the "I Have A Dream" speech
a very intelligent person; the main reason is because of his non–violent method (This method is developed by Mahatma Gandhi) By using this method, he became the first one who changes the history not by war, massacre people or repressive people by using their power. He changed the history by speeches, kindness, and his non-giving up spirit. Those are the examples of his non–violent method.

现代大学英语精读5 Lesson 1 Where Do We Go from Here 重点词组总结

Martin Luther King Jr.…成比例●In proportion to the number of students we should build 3 dining rooms. 按学生人数，我们应该建三个餐厅。

●你认为我们的薪水与付出的努力相称吗? Do you think we are paid in proportion to the effort we make?本质上/大体上=essentially②相当地/非常=considerably●His criticism is substantially correct.批评大体上是 ●The price may go up quite substantially .●The company's profits have been substantially lower this year.●There are o ne or two minor differences, but they're substantially the same text. We must massively assert our dignity and worth.→ Paraphrase: We must state clearly and in an impressive 令人钦佩的/给人以深刻印象的way that we should betreated with respect and our value should be recognized. 我们必须坚决维护我们的尊严与价值。

have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy . →Paraphrase: It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they wereinferior to others to see that 设法做到they are humans, the same as white people. ？ →Paraphrase: A lie concerning a trivial matter used for good intention is better than a sinister 阴险的/灾难性的lie. 一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

现代大学英语book5 课后答案：第一单元where do we go from here

Key to exercises:I. VocabularyA．Look up the following words and phrases．Select the meaning that best suits the sentence in which each appears．1．the state of being human2．harmless or trivial lie，esp．one told in order to avoid hurting sb．3．person regarded as a disgrace or a failure by other members of his family or group4．to defeat5．stating sth．as truth firmly and forcefully6．to make the greatest possible effort7．mistaken8．lack of9．rallying callⅣ．Questions on AppreciationA．Organization1．Dr．King begins his speech by raising the question“Where are we now?”，which is naturally and logically connected with the question under discussion“Where do we go from here?”，for it is necessary to find out their present situation before talking about their future direction and policy．2．Para 3 serves as a paragraph of transition．The first sentence“This is where we are．"sums up the first two paragraphs, linking this paragraph with the previous ones．The second sentence, on this basis，raises the question“Where do we go from here?" The third sentence starting with“first”begins to answer the question．The paragraph is well organized and ideas develop logically．3．The speaker moves to the second task by making a logical link with the first task，with the first one as “not easy" and the second as“another basic challenge”．both implying considerable degrees of difficulty．And the use of“another”indicates addition to the listing of the first．4. The speaker brings up the last task of restructuring the whole American society by asking questions about the problems in the country．He concludes the triple evils of the society which have triggered the other problems．By retelling an analogous Bible story，he points out the only way out for the American societ y is to be born again．5．Para 26 plays the role of a transitional paragraph．As a follow-up of the previous paragraph about the future expectation and direction，the speaker points out that there may be unavoidable setbacks and frustrations in their struggle against discrimination and persecution．Nevertheless，this arouses even firmer determination and more optimistic revolutionary spirit of the speaker，and so leads to the concluding remark of“We shall overcome”．6．Dr．King ends his speech by borrowing a civil rights song“We Shall Overcome”, as the past tense and the perfect tense show the speaker's optimism and confidence．However，this optimism is not strong．By then，with the split within the rank of the Civil Rights Movement and the suppression of riots in the“long hot Summers”starting from 1965，Dr．King was less optimistic than he had been in 1963 when he delivered his famous“I Have A Dream”speech．B．Antithesis is the setting of contrasting phrases opposite each other for emphasis．In this speech, the speaker uses a number of antitheses．Pick out 4 examples and comment on them．1．As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free．(mind vs．body：enslaved vs．free) 2．Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem，is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery．(psychological freedom vs．physical slavery)3．Let us be dissatisfied until men and women, however black they may be, will be judged on the basis of the content of their character and not on the basis of the color of their skin．(on the basis of the content of their character vs．on the basis of the color of their skin)4．There will be those moments when the buoyancy of hope will be transformed into the fatigue of despair．(huoyancy of hope vs．fatigue of despair)C．A number of rhetorical devices are used in Paragraph 25．Point out three devices and give examples．1．Metaphor：1)have a high blood pressure of creeds(be emotional and enthusiastic in expressing their beliefs) and an anemia of deeds (inactive in taking actions); 2)the battering rams of the forces of justice (the forces of justice are like the battering rams that can be used to knock down the walls that separate people)2．Transferred epithet：tragic walls(The adjective“tragic”should rightfully go with separation, as the separation is tragic)3．Synecdoche：city hall, using part(a building) to refer to the whole (the municipal government) Key to ExplanationV. Explain the following in your own words，bringing out any implied meanings1．It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans，the same as any other people．2．If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists，if you really respect yourself，thinking that you are a Man，equal to anyone else，you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination．3．The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself／herself．Only when he／she is fully convinced that he／she is a Man／Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he／she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free．4．Power in the best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way oflove with power．5．At that time，the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was was to see how much money he had made(or how wealthy he was)．6．A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong．7．This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done. because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed．8．…when the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has is done away with．9．Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God．Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven．10．Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination．Key to Translation1．一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

大学英语精读第一册课后翻译题与答案

大英精读 1Unit 11、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。

His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly.2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。

Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home.3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。

I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job.4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。

The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits.5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers) 来解决各种各样的问题。

In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems.6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。

Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension.7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。

然而，事实未必如此。

Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however.8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。

现代大学英语精读5 Lesson one 练习答案

Lesson One Where Do We Go from Here练习答案及详解Ⅰ.VocabularyA. Look up the following words and phrases. Select the meaningthat best suits the sentence in which each appears:1. the state of being human with one’s own personality2. a harmless lie, e.g. one told so as not to hurt someone else3. someone who is thought by other members of their group to be afailure or to have brought shame on the group4. to cause to fall over, turn over, or overflow, usually accidentally,causing damage, loss ect.5. an action of support or approval; assertion; declaration6. to make(too) great effort7. completely wrong8. desire9. callⅤ. Explain the following in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:1. It is no easy job to have a people who have been told over manyhundred years know that they were not inferior and not of no importance.2. Understanding the situation of being enslaved will be the firststep towards liberation.3. The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negrosthemselves.4. Realizing love of justice is the best power, and realizing thebest justice of equality is by acquiring power.5. At that time, a person’s success was measured only judginghow much money he had.6. …A person without possession of wealth was regarded lazyand not hard-working and lacking the sense of right and wrong.7. This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work becausethey are forced to work by slave-drives or because they need to work as if they were animals that were in need to making a living.8. …When the unfair practice of judging human value by theamount of money a person has is eliminated.9. If one had hates in his hearts, he could not understand theteachings of God. Only if he had love could he be able to access to the ultimate happiness.10. Only, if American government no longer only talks about racialequality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination, could we be satisfied.Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese:1. 白色的谎言总比黑色的谎言好（善意的谎言总比恶意的谎言好）。

《现代大学英语精读5》课后句子翻译Lesson1-5

《现代大学英语精读5》课后句子翻译Lesson1-5《现代大学英语精读5》课后句子翻译-英译中Translate the Following into ChineseLesson One: Where Do We Go from Here?1、A white lie is better than a black lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

2、To upset this homicide, ---Olympian manhood.为了挫败这种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。

3、with a spirit straining ---- self-abnegation.黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。

4、what is needed is a realization---- sentimental and anemic.必须懂得的是没有爱的权力是毫无节制，易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感，苍白无力的。

5、It is precisely this collision --- of our times.正是这种邪恶的权力与毫无权力的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。

6、Now early in this century---and responsibility.在本世纪初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用。

7、The fact is that the work which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriched literature and elevates thought, is not done to secure a living.事实上，人们从事改善人类出镜的工作，从事传播知识、增强实力、丰富文学财富以及升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。

现代大学英语精读（4）课后习题参考答案Unit1toUnit5

现代大学英语精读（4）课后习题参考答案Unit1toUnit5(1)浴巾 (2)(美)小学 (3)永恒的真理 (4)文件柜 (5)纯属无稽之谈 (6)违规行为 (7)常客 (8)新鲜空气 (9)格调很高的独自(一个人唱高调) (10)一种固定的观点(11)时事(当前国内外大事) (12)身体障碍(13)可怕吓人的风 (14)令人厌恶的景象 (15)言语障碍(16)使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情 (17)无情的人侵者 (18)首相(19)国际联盟(国联) (20)思维过程(思想方式) (21)条理清楚的文章(22)一个完整的体系 (23)一位口译好手(24)一种不可阻挡的趋向 (25)烂苹果(26)根据事实(启示)写成的 (27)一位点头之交现代大学英语精读（4）课后习题参考答案Unit 1 to Unit 5Unit 1I Translate_Phrases1) Into Chinese2) Into EnglishⅡ. Translate_Vo cabulary1) I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2) As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future. 3) Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4) It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials.5) The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation. 6) In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo stands for moral integrity and uprightness. 7) The great majority of the people stand for reform.(1) to sink one's head (2) to sink the ship (3) to contemplate the meaning of life (4) to catch the light (5) to ruin one's health(6) to ruin the country (7) to bang the desk (8) to play a prominent role (9) to hold a prominent position (10) a pious Buddhist (11) to gain a reputation (12) to satisfy one's ego(13) to give sb the third degree (14) to devise a teaching method (15) to slide a gun into sb's hand8) Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9) The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. That's the rule.10) Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minority's right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance.11) A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically.12) The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home.13) The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river.14) One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand.15) The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes.16) The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years.17) The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing.18) Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress.19) He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake.20) Her health was such that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she got sunstroke.Ⅲ. Translate_Grammar1) You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think.Or: You can force a student to attend classes, but not to think.2) The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself.3) You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing.4) In the Middle Ages, people believed that the earth was flat and that it was the center of the universe.5) I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses.6) Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first.7) Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it.8) Excellent firms don't believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change.9) Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning one's time, working on one's own and managing one's own affairs.10) In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income.Ⅳ. Paraphrase1) Nature had endow everybody except me the ability to think which is born with.2) You could hear that the fresh air had to struggle with difficulty to find its way to his chest, because he was unaccustomed to this as his lungs had been harmed by drinking. His body would lose balance and his face would become pale asa result of the unexpected visit of the wind. He would go back to his desk unsteadily and fall into the chair, unable to do anything for the rest of the morning.3) Mr. Houghton’s deeds told me that he was not ruled by thought; instead, he would feela strong urge to turn his head and look at the girls.4) Technically speaking, it is as skillful as most businessmen’s golf playing, as honest as most politicians’ purpose, and as consistent as most books’ content.5) As they are everywhere and so daunting in number that we’d better not off end them.6) Humans enjoy following the crowd as it can bring them peace, security, comfort and harmony, which is like cows eating grass on the same side of a hill.7) Our Prime Minister was a hypocrite to say that the imprisonment of the two major leaders of Free-India Movement-Nehru and Gandhi-was good for India. The American politicians were dissimulators to talk about peace but refuse to join the League of Nations. Those moments made me feel happy.8) I slid my arm around her waist and whispered that if we were talking about the number of people who believed in a certain religion, I believed the Buddhists were greater in number. My “indecent” behavior and the daunting number of the Buddhists scared her away.9) What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. Although some close friends of mine still stuck by me, my grad-one thinking scared away many of my acquaintances.（1）夜生活（2）吃和住（3）供吃住的寄宿舍（4）一秒钟都不到（5）玻璃弹子（6）抽打死马（做徒劳无益的事）（7）阿司匹林片（8）在此情况下（9）提前/事先（10）走过场（11）楼梯间平台的窗户（12）紧张气氛（13）毛线针（14）梦游（15）飞机翼展Unit 2I Translate_Phrases1) Into Chinese 2) Into EnglishⅡ. Translate_Vocabulary1) It is a miracle how our company has become a multinational in such a short span of time.2) The average life span in that country has increased from 42 years to 50 years in a matter of two decades.3) The conflict between the two countries has spanned more than half a century. 4) There are four bridges spanning the river.5) I’m much obliged t o you. Without your help, I would never have finished the book. 6) No, you are not obliged to go to the party. You don’t have to go if you don’t want to. 7) She’s always ready to oblige when people come to her for help.8) In the valley is a small lake right between a meadow and a hill. It is a perfect spot for a picnic.9) Sitting in a shady spot, he soon dozed off.10) He criticized me on the spot when he saw me throw a plastic bad down by the roadside.(1) to whip up a little interest (2) to keep the ball rolling (3) to set the ball rolling (4) an eccentric millionaire (5) to allot capital(6) to tighten one’s belt (7) to make a remark(8) to stretch out one’s hand (9) to moisten one’s lips(10) to complain of the weather(11) to plunge the stick into the sand (12) to turn on me(13) to get on one’s nerve(14) to put something out of someone’s mind (15) to comeoff the hook (16) to do a crossword puzzle (17) to blow one’s nose (18) to powder one’s nose (19) to give an alibi11) It was a white shirt with blue spots. It looked quite pretty.12) The detective spotted the suspect, and he walked over and arrested him.13) One of the balloons popped, and it gave me quiet a start.14) It is very impolite to keep popping in and out of the classroom when the class is still going on.15) When he saw the young man ready to pay for the BMW in cash, his eyes almost popped out of his head.16) In those countries, water is worth a lot more than oil. Friends will often bring ten dollars’ worth of water as a gift.17) When this project is completed, it will benefit about a hundred thousand people. It will be well worth the effort and investment.18) This movie is not worth seeing twice. In fact, it is not worth seeing at all.19) I think it is worthwhile to visit that place. I hear they have kept all their traditional house intact – houses that were built in Ming-Qing styles.20) Jia Baoyu was sick and tired of being his father’s worthy son. He yearned for freedom.Ⅲ. Translate_Grammar1) It seems the patient has no relatives in this city.2) It’s easy to make friends but diffi cult to keep them.3) He can always understand what his friends are thinking and worrying about.4) Perhaps it wasn’t Xiao Jiang at all who had left the tap running all night.5) The boy had no idea how he had become an old man inhalf a day.6) I wonder how Wang Ning has been doing in London. I haven’t heard from him for almost a year.7) It doesn’t matter what family you were born into. The real test is how far you can go from where you started.8) She simply couldn’t be lieve what she saw. It was only yesterday that the twin towers were standing there.9) Juror No. 8 pointed out that it might have been someone else who had stabbed the boy’s father to death.10) In the market economy, it is primarily by individuals and firms rather than by government agencies that decisions about what to produce, how much to produce are made.Ⅳ. Paraphrase1) Bella was young and pretty and was seen as the beauty of the boarding-house, but no one had shown any particular interest in her.2) Mr. Penbury was intelligent, but no one in the boarding-house liked him for that. He was too smart for them, and everybody felt annoyed.3) But Mrs. Mayton would not tolerate any silence for more than three minutes. So when no one broke the silence within three minutes she lost her patience and, turning to Penbury and asked.4) Mr. Calthrop was urging Mr. Penbury to give an answer immediately so that he would not have the time to make up a story.5. the weapon went right through his heart.6) We all know you are a sleep walker, so you may commit the murder in your sleep.7) Mr. Penbury advises Mr. Calthrop not to put so muchemphasis on his statement when talking to the police if he does not want to arouse their suspicion about his story.8) “No,” Miss Wicks answered, “I have come to put an end to your cough.”Unit 3I Translate_Phrases1) Into Chinese2) Into EnglishⅡ. Translate_Vocabulary1) The cause of the aircraft crash is so far unknown.2) The cause of global warming is still hotly debated among scientists.（1）专业的历史工作者（2）基于常识的反应（3）事物的这种状况（4）意见不一的历史学家（5）已经准备好了的现成的东西（6）一个个人喜好不同的问题（7）截然不同的观点（8）民间故事（9）书面文件（10）过去的遗留物（11）人的动机和行为（12）复杂和精细（13）商船（14）一旦发生潜艇战（15）一个粗糙的理论（16）好战的行为；战争行为（17）宣传机器（18）德国外交部长（19）实力平衡（20）（事物的）因果（21）海岸炮兵（22）终极关怀（23）（事物的）近因（24）人们常说的一句话（25）不会出错的解释（26）绝对有效的模式（27）永不停止的探索（28）一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标(1) to gain new insights (2) to revise one’s ideas (3) to trace the cause(4) to begin from this premise (5) to open fire on/at(6) to give equal weight to sth. (7) to support a certain view(8) to influence the government (9) to destroy the balance of power (10) to form an alliance (11) to repay the loans(12) to contemplate war (13) to fill in the gaps (14) to conclude the quest(15) to view sth from a certain perspective(16) to benefit from the comparison (17) to eliminate from the comparison (18) to dig into the problem (19) to be immersed in a vast sea(20) to stem from a different point of view (21) to be destined to do sth. (22) to ignore the fact(23) to make an assumption (24) to defeat the enemy(25) to win back one’s lost territory (26) to sink a boat(27) to intercept the secret message (28) to piece together evidence (29) to approximate the truth (30) to master new techniques3) He devoted all his life to the cause of environmental protection.4) The river has caused us a lot of trouble in history.5) What do you think caused the upsurge in international terrorism?6) We must try and unite with those who have opposed us.7) There is always opposition to any progress and reform.8) Some people are always opposed to new things.9) A lot of those loans were never repaid. That high ratio of bad debts finally led to the financial crisis in this second economic power in the world.10) The Business Bank now offers a special loan to students who can’t pay for th eir education.11) The boy asked Mrs. Stow for the loan of her binoculars.12) She concluded her speech by saying that she hoped shecould come again someday and see more of the country.13) As soon as they concluded the investigation, they were to report to the Security Council.14) During his visit, he will conclude a new trade agreement with India.15) Based on those reasonable doubts, the jury had to conclude that the boy was not guilty.16) She is flying to New York by way of Tokyo.17) I’d like to say a few words about the situation in the sixties of the last century by way of an introduction to the movie.18) They decided to recall their ambassador by way of protest.Ⅲ. Translate_Grammar1) Heroes and heroines are people with unusual qualities.2) Celebrities are people who become famous because of publicity through the media.3) In China's mainland, "sweetheart" often refers to a person's husband or wife.4) A fair-weather friend is one who will desert you as soon as you are in trouble.5) Broadly speaking, money refers to anything generally accepted in exchange for other goods and services.6) An armchair revolutionary is one who talks about revolution, but who doesn’t put what he says into practice.7) Professor Lu says that a good teacher is one who does all he/she can to make himself/herself unnecessary for the students.8) Economics is defined as the social science that deals with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.9) DVD is a disk on which large amounts of information, esp.photographs and video can be stored in a computer.10) The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary defines "workaholic" as "a person who works most of the time and finds it difficult to stop working and do other things".Ⅳ. Paraphrase1) Most students usually come to have their first experience of the study of history throughthe reading of a thick history textbook and soon are overwhelmed by a large number of names, dates, events and statistics.2) People used to believe history study was just an effort of memorizing “facts. “Now history means different things to different people, because they choose the best description and interpretation according to their own preferences among those given by historians.3) They cannot help feeling that two absolutely opposite ideas about an event cannot both be correct, but they do not have the ability to judge which one is right.4) They will come across the historical interception of the “Zimmerman Note. “In that telegraph, the German foreign secretary gave order to German minister in Mexico and asked him to propose an alliance with Mexico Government in case there would be war and to promise that Mexico Government would like to help Mexico win back the land that was taken away from Mexico by the US in the Mexico war.5) We can get rid of all disagreements if our knowledge could give us a perfect model that completely explained human behavior. Unfortunately, such model does not exist.Unit 4I Translate_Phrases1) Into Chinese2) Into EnglishⅡ. Translate_Vocabulary1. Import of that country’s beef was suspend ed because of the mad cow scare.2. During the war, they had to suspend the construction of the railway.3. It was a serious offence to take drugs. Robert was suspend ed from school for two weeks.4. She was reading in a hammock suspend ed from two tree branches.5. The sales suspension has brought us heavy losses.6. This is perhaps the longest suspension bridge in Asia.7. The author is very good at creating suspense .8. He used to watch with great envy children of wealthy people go to school. 9. I rather envy their school for its beautiful campus.10. She avert ed her face so that people would not see her blush.（1）难以解决的两难困境（2）一本难以看懂的书（3）一个爱交际的女人（4）黑市（5）黑色幽默（6）害群之马（7）黑人权力（8）缺少表达能力的人（9）全国性的运动（10）赞扬和恭维的话（11）调皮的男孩（12）某些大人物们（13）种族隔离的学校（14）他的无可争议的权威（15）一个地位很高的人士（16）公海（17）上流社会（18）机密消息（19）冷淡而缺少人情味的门（20）冷淡的公文式的信（21）真诚的羡慕（22）不自然的额、紧张的说话声1) to celebrate its Golden Jubilee 2) to excite admiration 3) to touch the conscience 4) to win the prize 5) to receive areprimand 6) to omit the words7) to renounce their prizes 8) to avert a crisis9) to attend the ceremony 10) to exhibit a work of art11) to indulge in pleasures 12) to guard a child 13) to feel up to it14) to bring sth to a cloze 15) to wave sb in16) to save sb from a situation 17) to talk out one’s heart to sb 18) to knock sb down 19) to pour sb a drink20) to raise (lift) one’s glass11. He has always had an aversion to publicity.12. The government's policy succeeded in avert ing a serious economic recession.13. Michael Jordan is the envy of many black kids.14. Every summer, hundreds of thousands of people are sent to guard the riverbanks against floods.15. It was not easy to get the golden apple, for it was guard ed by a ferocious giant.16. Xicheng was practically un guard ed so Zhuge Liang narrowly escaped being captured.17. The prisoners of war killed the guard s and escaped into the woods.18. He is probably the greatest guard in the history of basketball.19. They took the Americans off guard by launching a sudden attack on a Sunday.20. There were two armed soldiers standing guard at the bridge.21. Napoleon exhibit ed (his) military talent early in life.22. These exhibit s are all insured and carefully guarded.23. When the exhibition is over, the exhibits will be given tothe host country as gifts.24. She is going to exhibit some of her most recent sculptures at the National Art Gallery.Ⅲ. Translate_Grammar1) Using “It is/was said/believed, etc.” to express general beliefs.1) It's widely rumored that Linda's being promoted.2) It is estimated that the project will cost RMB three billion.3) It is assumed that the Labor Party will remain in power.4) It was proposed a few years ago that the president be elected for one term only.5) It was announced that another bridge across the Yangtse would be built next year.6) It was believed that even them that the abnormal state of affairs wouldn’t last long. 2) Paying special attention ton subject-verb agreement.1) The jury is having trouble reaching a verdict.2) Whenever either of us is in a tight corner, we always come to each other’s help.3) Statistics are facts obtained from analyzing information given in numbers.4) Statistics is a branch of mathematics concerned with the study of information that is expressed in numbers.5) Neither his friends and nor his father was surprised when he was admitted by Tsinghua University.6) Xiao Li is one of best football players at our university who have ever participated in intercollegiate championships.Ⅳ. Paraphrase1) “My parents, my wife’s parents and our priest all thought that I’d pretend to be not feeling well enough as anexcuse to be absent from the awarding ceremony. So I decided not to attend the ceremony.”2) “I’m a sculptor, and I don’t want to show any antagonistic feeling towards the whiteworld by receiving an award.”3) In Orlando you (the blacks) gradually develop a throat as strong as iron.4) So I thought I’d go and see my sculpture in the window and have some pleasant feelings of pride by enjoying my own work, which is natural to human beings.5) “What is extraordinary about the wonderful sculpture is that it is made by a black man like y ou. Do yo u know?”6) “She knows that her child will live a hard life in South Africa because they are black people.”7) I didn’t want to drink because if the police caught me drinking late at night I would be in great trouble.8) He wasn’t afraid of being seen walking with a black man.9) I answered “Yes”, but actually I didn’t want to tell him the truth.10) Drinking in the passage was certainly beyond my expectation. What was in my mind was not what you may be thinking…11) “Our country is beautiful. But the apartheid made me very sad.”12) as though they wanted to communicate with me emotionally but didn’t know the way to do it13) And I thought it was a sad thing, because if you don’t understand each other and don’t care for each other, they will hurt each other someday.14) Nobody knows what he was thinking. But I was thinkingthat he was much like a man trying to run but couldn’t because he was still not completely free from racist prejudices which were dragging his feet like iron shoes.Unit 5I Translate_Phrases1) Into Chinese2) Into EnglishⅡ. Translate_Vocabulary1. We need to increase our oil import in the coming years to meet the growing demand for energy.2. Our profits have increase d by 20% over the past two years.3. The number of privately-owned cars has increase d five times (fivefold) in five years.（1）假日别墅（2）著名的电视明星（3）下流语言（4）黄色故事（5）银行抢劫（6）生产双层玻璃的公司（7）联合抵押（8）一句气话（9）永远达不到的目标（10）乡村音乐和西部音乐（11）加重了的潜水腰带（12）心碎的（13）一切以自我为中心的人（14）光是重量（15）光凭运气（16）纯粹是胡言（17）军号声（18）人工呼吸（19）一溜气泡（20一丁点儿的关心1) to trickle down her legs 2) to puff like a whale 3) to melt like snow 4) to sum up the scene 5) to do their interview 6) to bear resentment7) to feel sick in the stomach 8) to come in like thunder 9) to drift away gradually 10) to value on e’s opinion11) t o increase one’s standing with sb 12) to have a liking for sb 13) to pull oneself together 14) to serve dinner15) to tackle an armed robber 16) to stick with sb17) to fasten the seatbelt / a belt18) to abuse one’s wife19) to screw his way around 20) to lay a finger on sb21) to catch sb trying to do sth 22) to try the kiss of life23) to heaven oneself up 24) to float to the surface25) to thrush about under the water 26) to prop oneself against 27) to break surface 28) to seize hold of sth 29) to haul oneself up 30) to pinion one’s arms 31) to fend sb off 32) to land a blow33) to stay under in the water4. The number of mobile phone owners in our city has increase d from 20 thousand to about half a million in less than 5 years.5. She prop ped her bike against a tree.6. The local economy is largely prop ped up by tourism.7. He was fast asleep with his head prop ped on a big rock.8. You need strong prop s to keep the tower from leaning any further.9. Flight 901 is due to land at the airport at 8:55.10. Many foreign observers say that the next man to land on the moon may very well be a Chinese.11. One of the stones they threw land ed on the head of a young soldier.12. If you go on like this, you will land yourself in a jail.13. I land ed a powerful punch to his chin and sent him sprawling.14. When you approach a drowning person, you must not let him grip your hands.15. Reports of the sudden appearance of these whales grip ped the interest of the whole city.16. If she lost grip o n the rope, she’d fall 1000 feet to sure death.17. You must keep a grip on yourself. Don’t despair.18. Our government did everything possible to defend the value of our currency.19. The total value of our exports to that country in the first nine months this year has reached $94 billion.20. A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life.21. At college, students acquire certain values. This is an important part of their education.22. If you value your life, quit smoking!23. This painting is value d at $20 million.Ⅲ. Paraphrase1) The man Nerys was engaged to leave her after she had become disfigured. But before the bank raid, he behaved like a lover. Many man, not just me, could have done the same if we had engaged with her.2) This man loved her only because she was beautiful. So he left her when she was no longer beautiful.3) We used to love this music when we were in love.4) I’m sorry abo ut what happened to Netys.5) I didn’t mean to hurt you by offering money, bec ause I know it’s impossible for us to compensate in any way for the distress and suffering that Nerys and you have gone through.6) You don’t accept our help only because Vic was responsible for her suffering.7) You are with a hero if you are looking for a hero and that’s Vic rather than me, so don’t leave him.8) I love Vic very much. I feel guilty about this because Vic is your husband.9) Sharon, I can assure you that this experience is transientand won’t last long. We allhave the feeling when we are young.10) You never hear people speak ill of you, do you? People gossip about you.11) You know clearly that you have been hurting her.12) Beware of your manners. Stop shouting at me!13) If Sharon gets drowned, you will be held responsible.14) I will make you pay what you have done to me. You will be punished for what you have done to me.15) Sharon，you’d better not do anything. You have done enough to him.。

现代大学英语精读5翻译及课后习题答案(5个单元)

现代大学英语V-4译文及练习答案女性的职业弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫l.你们的秘书邀请我时对我说你们妇女服务团关注的是女性就业问题，她提议我讲一讲我就业的亲身体验。

我是女性，这是事实；我有工作，这也是事实。

但我又有什么职业体验呢?这很难讲。

我从事的是文学职业，与其他职业相比，当然不包括戏剧行业，在文学职业里几乎没有什么女性体验，我的意思是几乎没有女性特有的体验。

多年前，路已开辟出来。

许多知名的女性---范妮·伯尼、阿芙拉.贝恩、哈丽雅特·马蒂诺、简·奥斯汀、乔治·艾略特---和许多不知名以及已被人忘记的女性在我之前铺平了道路并指导我向前走。

因此，在我从事写作时，几乎没有物质障碍。

写作这个职业既受人尊敬又没有危险。

写字的沙沙声不会打破家庭的和平，写作也不需要什么家庭开销。

花16便士买的纸足够用来写莎士比亚的所有戏剧---要是你有那样的才智的话。

作家不需要钢琴和模特，不用去巴黎、维也纳和柏林，也不需要家庭教师。

当然，廉价的写作用纸是女性作为作家成功而先于其他职业的原因。

2．我讲讲我的故事，那只是个平常的故事。

你们自己设想一个姑娘，手里握着一支笔坐在卧室里。

从十点钟到一点钟她只是不停地由左向右写，然后她想到做一件既省钱又省力的事---把那些纸张放进信封，在信封的一角贴上一张一便士的邮票，把信封投进拐角的一个红色邮筒。

我就是这样成了一名撰稿人。

我的努力在下个月的第一天得到了回报---_那是我一生中非常快乐的一天。

我收到了编辑寄来的一封信，里面装有一张一英镑十先令六便士的支票。

为了让你们了解我不值得被称作职业女性，对人生的艰难和奋斗知之甚少，我得承认我没用那笔钱买食物、付房租、买袜子和肉，而是出去买了一只猫，一只漂亮的波斯猫，这只猫不久就引起了我和邻居间的激烈争端。

3．什么会比写文章并用赚得的钱买波斯猫来得更容易?但再想一想，文章得有内容。

我好像记得我的文章是评论一部名人写的小说。

大学英语精读第3册-UNIT5课文翻译及课后答案

大学英语精读第3册第5课课文翻译及课后答案课文翻译妈妈哭的那天很久前一个阴暗的冬天，我放学回家，心中充满着期待。

我腋下夹着一本我所喜爱的刚出版的体育杂志，而且整个房子将只有我一个人。

爸爸还没下班，妹妹不在家，妈妈刚找到一份新工作，在一小时内是不会回家的，我跳上台阶，冲进起居室，啪的一声打开电灯。

我眼前出现的景象使我惊呆了。

妈妈紧缩着身子。

手捂着脸，坐在沙发的一端，她在哭。

我以前从没见她哭过。

我小心地走近她，把手放在她肩上。

“妈”我说，“怎么了？”妈妈长叹一口气，强作微笑。

“没什么，真的。

没什么大不了的事。

只是我要失去这份新工作了。

我字打的不够快。

”“但你才上三天班，”我说，“你会赶上的。

”我重复了妈妈对我说过的一百遍的那句话。

每当我学什么或做什么重要事情而遇到麻烦时，妈常这样对我说。

“不行了，”妈妈神色黯淡地对我说。

“过去我常说只要我下决心，什么事我都能干好。

现在我仍然认为在多数情况下我能做到。

但是，打字这事我做不到啦。

”我无能为力，十分尴尬。

那时我16岁，仍然认为妈妈能做任何事。

几年前，当我们卖掉农场，搬到城里来住的时候，妈妈决定开一所日托所。

她没受过这方面的训练，但这并不妨碍她。

她参加幼托函授课学习，做练习，六个月后就正式获得从事这项工作的资格了。

不久后，她不但招满了生，而且还有许多孩子等着注册。

我认为这是理所当然的，是妈妈能力的体现。

但是不管是日托所还是后来爸妈买的汽车旅馆都无法提供足够的钱送我和妹妹上大学。

两年后我就要准备上大学了。

再过三年，妹妹也想上大学。

时间过得真快。

妈妈想尽了一切方法存钱。

很明显，爸爸不可能比他现在干得更多---除了一份全日制工作外，还要耕种80英亩地。

在我们卖掉汽车旅馆几个月后，妈弄回家一台旧式打字机。

这台打字机跳字，键盘也很松。

那天吃饭时，我说这台打字是“废物一件”。

“我们只买得起这个,”妈妈说。

“这对练打字是够好的了。

”从那天开始，只要桌子一收拾，碗一洗，妈妈就会消失到她的缝纫房里练习打字。

Where do we go from here原文+词汇翻译

yiMartin Luther King Speech - Where do we go fromhereSouthern Christian Leadership ConferenceAtlanta, Georgia16 August 1967Now, in order to answer the question, "Where do we go from here?" which is our theme, we must first honestly recognize where we are now. When the Constitution was written, a strange formula to determine taxes and representation declared that the Negro was 60 percent of a person. Today another curious formula seems to declare he is 50 percent of a person. Of the good things in life, the Negro has approximately one half those of whites. Of the bad things of life, he has twice those of whites. Thus half of all Negroes live in substandard housing. And Negroes have half the income of whites. When we view the negative experiences of life, the Negro has a double share. There are twice as many unemployed. The rate of infant mortality among Negroes is double that of whites and there are twice as many Negroes dying in Vietnam as whites in proportion to their size in the population.In other spheres, the figures are equally alarming. In elementary schools, Negroes lag one to three years behind whites, and their segregated schools receive substantially less money per student than the white schools. One twentieth as many Negroes as whites attend college. Of employed Negroes, 75 percent hold menial卑贱的 jobs.This is where we are. Where do we go from here? First, we must massively assert our dignity and worth. We must stand up amidst尽管存在…情况 a system that still oppresses us and develop an unassailable攻不破的 and majestic sense of values. We must no longer be ashamed of being black. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.Depiction描写叙述 of Blackness and Negro ContributionsEven semantics have conspired to make that which is black seem ugly and degrading. In Roget's Thesaurus同义词词典 there are 120 synonyms for blackness and at least 60 of them are offensive, as for example, blot 污渍, soot煤烟, grim糟糕的, devil魔鬼and foul. And there are some 134 synonyms for whiteness and all are favorable, expressed in such words as purity, cleanliness, chastity贞洁淳朴 and innocence. A white lie isbetter than a black lie. The most degenerate堕落的 member of a family is a "black sheep.害群之马" Ossie Davis has suggested that maybe the English language should be reconstructed so that teachers will not be forced to teach the Negro child 60 ways to despise鄙视 himself, and thereby perpetuate使永存 his false sense of inferiority, and the white child 134 ways to adore himself, and thereby perpetuate his false sense of superiority.The tendency to ignore the Negro's contribution to American life and to strip him of剥夺his personhood人格, is as old as the earliest history hooks and as contemporary as the morning's newspaper. To upset this cultural homicide杀人行为, the Negro must rise up起义 with an affirmation 主张 of his own Olympian庄严的 manhood. Any movement for the Negro's freedom that overlooks忽视 this necessity is only waiting to be buried. As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery. No Lincolnian林肯作风的Emancipation 解放 Proclamation 宣告or Johnsonian Civil Rights Bill can totally bring this kind of freedom. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being他自己的生存 and signs with the pen and ink of assertive坚定而自信的 manhood his own Emancipation Proclamation. And, with a spirit straining变形 toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles手铐of self-abnegation自欺欺人 and say to himself and to the world, "I am somebody. I am a person.I am a man with dignity and honor. I have a rich and noble history. How painful and exploited剥削的 that history has been. Yes, I was a slave through my foreparents and I am not ashamed of that. I'm ashamed of the people who were so sinful to make me a slave." Yes, we must stand up and say, "I'm black and I'm beautiful," and this self-affirmation is the black man's need, made compelling必须承认的 by the white man's crimes against him.Basic ChallengesAnother basic challenge is to discover how to organize our strength in terms of economic and political power. No one can deny that the Negro is in dire need of急需 this kind of legitimate power. Indeed, one of the great problems that the Negro confronts is his lack of power. From old plantations种植园 of the South to newer ghettos贫民区 of the North, the Negro has been confined to a life of voicelessness沉默 and powerlessness. Stripped of the right to make decisions concerning his life and destiny 命运 he has been subject to the authoritarian专制独裁者 and sometimes whimsical异想天开的 decisions of this white power structure. The plantation and ghetto were created by those who had power. both to confinethose who had no power and to perpetuate their powerlessness. The problem of transforming the ghetto, therefore, is a problem of power-confrontation 对抗 of the forces of power demanding change and the forces of power dedicated to the preserving of the status quo. Now power properly understood is nothing but the ability to achieve purpose. It is the strength required to bring about social, political and economic change. Walter Reuther defined power one day. He said, "Power is the ability of a labor union like the U.A.W. to make the most powerful corporation in the world, General Motors, say 'Yes' when it wants to say 'No.' That's power."Now a lot of us are preachers说教者, and all of us have our moral convictions and concerns, and so often have problems with power. There is nothing wrong with power if power is used correctly. You see, what happened is that some of our philosophers got off base. And one of the great problems of history is that the concepts of love and power have usually been contrasted as opposites - polar opposite that love is identified with a resignation顺从 of power, and power with a denial of love.It was this misinterpretation that caused Nietzsche尼采, who was a philosopher of the will to power, to reject the Christian concept of love. It was this same misinterpretation which induced Christian theologians 神学家to reject the Nietzschean philosophy of the will to power in the name of the Christian idea of love. Now, we've got to get this thing right. What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless轻率鲁莽的 and abusive攻击性的, and love without power is sentimental and anemic贫血的. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love. And this is what we must see as we move on. What has happened is that we have had it wrong and confused in our own country, and this has led Negro Americans in the past to seek their goals through power devoid 缺乏of love and conscience.This is leading a few extremists today to advocate for Negroes the same destructive and conscienceless power that they have justly abhorred厌恶 in whites. It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times.Developing a Program?We must develop a program that will drive the nation to a guaranteed annual income. Now, early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule and denunciation谴责, as destructive of initiative andresponsibility. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual's ability and talents. And, in the thinking of that day, the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious勤劳的 habits and moral fiber. We've come a long way in our understanding of human motivation and of the blind operation of our economic system. Now we realize that dislocations脱位混乱 in the market operations of our economy and the prevalence of discrimination thrust people into投身于 idleness 闲散 and bind them in constant or frequent unemployment against their will. Today the poor are less often dismissed, I hope, from our consciences by being branded as inferior or incompetent. We also know that no matter how dynamically the economy develops and expands, it does not eliminate all poverty.The problem indicates that our emphasis must be twofold. We must create full employment or we must create incomes. People must be made consumers by one method or the other. Once they are placed in this position we need to be concerned that the potential of the individual is not wasted. New forms of work that enhance the social good will have to be devised for those for whom traditional jobs are not available. In I879 Henry George anticipated this state of affairs when he wrote in Progress and Poverty:The fact is that the work which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriches literature and elevates thought, is not done to secure a living. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster工头, or by anirnal (sic) necessity. It is the work of men who somehow find a form of work that brings a security for its own sake and a state of society where want缺乏 is abolished.Work of this sort could be enormously increased, and we are likely to find that the problems of housing and education, instead of preceding the elimination of poverty, will themselves be affected if poverty is first abolished. The poor transformed into purchasers will do a great deal on their own靠自己的力量 to alter housing decay. Negroes who have a double disability will have a greater effect on discrimination when they have the additional weapon of cash to use in their struggle.Beyond these advantages, a host of大量的 positive psychological changes inevitably will result from widespread economic security. The dignity of the individual will flourish when the decisions concerning his life are in his own hands, when he has the means to seek self-improvement自我修养. Personal conflicts among husbands, wives and children will diminish when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated .Now our country can do this. John Kenneth Galbraith said that a guaranteed annual income could be done for about twenty billion dollars a year. AndI say to you today, that if our nation can spend thirty-five billion dollarsa year to fight an unjust, evil war in Vietnam, and twenty billion dollars to put a man on the moon, it can spend billions of dollars to put God's children on their own two feet right here on earth.Commitment To Non-violenceNow, let me say briefly that we must reaffirm our commitment to nonviolence.I want to stress this. The futility无益无用 of violence in the struggle for racial justice has been tragically etched腐蚀 in all the recent Negro riots. Yesterday, I tried to analyze the riots and deal with their causes. Today I want to give the other side. There is certainly something painfully sad about a riot. One sees screaming youngsters and angry adults fighting hopelessly and aimlessly against impossible odds. And deep down事实上within them, you can even see a desire for self-destruction自杀, a kind of suicidal longing.Occasionally Negroes contend主张 that the 1965 Watts riot and the other riots in various cities represented effective civil rights action. But those who express this view always end up with stumbling出错的 words when asked what concrete gains have been won as a result. At best, the riots have produced a little additional antipoverty money allotted分配摊派 by frightened government officials, and a few water-sprinklers to cool the children of the ghettos. It is something like improving the food in the prison while the people remain securely incarcerate d监禁 behind bars. Nowhere have the riots won any concrete improvement such as have the organized protest demonstrations. When one tries to pin down迫使作出决定advocates of violence as to what acts would be effective, the answers are blatantly看穿了地 illogical. Sometimes they talk of overthrowing推翻racist state and local governments and they talk about guerrilla warfare. They fail to see that no internal revolution has ever succeeded in overthrowing a government by violence unless the government had already lost the allegiance拥护 and effective control of its armed forces. Anyone in his right mind knows that this will not happen in the United States. In a violent racial situation, the power structure has the local police, the state troopers骑兵, the National Guard国民警卫军、后备役 and, finally, the Army to call onÑÑall of which are predominantly white. Furthermore, few if any violent revolutions have been successful unless the violent minority had the sympathy and support of the nonresistant majority. Castro may have had only a few Cubans actually fighting with him up in the hills, but he could never have overthrown the Batista regime政权 unless he hadthe sympathy of the vast majority of Cuban people.It is perfectly clear that a violent revolution on the part of American blacks would find no sympathy and support from the white population and very little from the majority of the Negroes themselves. This is no time for romantic illusions and empty philosophical debates about freedom. This is a time for action. What is needed is a strategy for change, a tactical program that will bring the Negro into the mainstream of American life as quickly as possible. So far, this has only been offered by the nonviolent movement. Without recognizing this we will end up with solutions that don't solve, answers that don't answer and explanations that don't explain.And so I say to you today that I still stand by nonviolence. And I am still convinced that it is the most potent威力大的 weapon available to the Negro in his struggle for justice in this country. And the other thing is that I am concerned about a better world. I'm concerned about justice. I'm concerned about brotherhood. I'm concerned about truth. And when one is concerned about these, he can never advocate violence. For through violence you may murder a murderer but you can't murder. Through violence you may murder a liar but you can't establish truth. Through violence you may murder a hater, but you can't murder hate. Darkness cannot put out darkness. Only light can do that.And I say to you, I have also decided to stick to love. For I know that love is ultimately the only answer to mankind's problems. And I'm going to talk about it everywhere I go. I know it isn't popular to talk about it in some circles today. I'm not talking about emotional bosh when I talk about love, I'm talking about a strong, demanding love. And I have seen too much hate. I've seen too much hate on the faces of sheriffs县司法长官in the South. I've seen hate on the faces of too many Klansmen and too many White Citizens Councilors议员 in the South to want to hate myself, because every time I see it, I know that it does something to their faces and their personalities and I say to myself that hate is too great a burden to bear. I have decided to love. If you are seeking the highest good 善, I think you can find it through love. And the beautiful thing is that we are moving against wrong when we do it, because John was right, God is love. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.I want to say to you as I move to my conclusion, as we talk about "Where do we go from here," that we honestly face the fact that the Movement must address itself to the question of restructuring the whole of American society. There are forty million poor people here. And one day we must ask the question, "Why are there forty million poor people in America?"And when you begin to ask that question, you are raising questions about the economic system, about a broader distribution of wealth. When you ask that question, you begin to question the capitalistic economy. And I'm simply saying that more and more, we've got to begin to ask questions about the whole society. We are called upon to help the discouraged beggars in life's market place. But one day we must come to see that an edifice大建筑物 which produces beggars needs restructuring. It means that questions must be raised. You see, my friends, when you deal with this, you begin to ask the question, "Who owns the oil?" You begin to ask the question, "Who owns the iron ore铁矿石?" You begin to ask the question, "Why is it that people have to pay water bills in a world that is two thirds water?" These are questions that must be asked.About CommunismNow, don't think that you have me in a "bind" today. I'm not talking about Communism.What I'm saying to you this morning is that Communism forgets that life is individual. Capitalism forgets that life is social, and the Kingdom of Brotherhood is found neither in the thesis of Communism nor the antithesis of capitalism but in a higher synthesis合成. It is found in a higher synthesis that combines the truths of both. Now, when I say question the whole society, it means ultimately coming to see that the problem of racism, the problem of economic exploitation经济波动, and the problem of war are all tied together. These are the triple evils that are interrelated.If you will let me be a preacher just a little bit - One night, a juror 审判员came to Jesus and he wanted to know what he could do to be saved. Jesus didn't get bogged down in the kind of isolated approach of what he shouldn't do. Jesus didn't say, "Now Nicodemus, you must stop lying." HE didn't say, "Nicodemus, you must stop cheating if you are doing that." He didn't say, "Nicodemus, you must not commit adultery." He didn't say, "Nicodemus, now you must stop drinking liquor if you are doing that excessively." He said something altogether different, because Jesus realized something basic - that if a man will lie, he will steal. And if a man will steal, he will kill. So instead of just getting bogged down 陷入困境 in one thing, Jesus looked at him and said, "Nicodemus, you must be born again."He said, in other words, "Your whole structure must be changed." A nation that will keep people in slavery for 244 years will "thingify" them - make them things. Therefore they will exploit them, and poor people generally,economically. And a nation that will exploit economically will have to have foreign investments and everything else, and will have to use its military might to protect them. All of these problems are tied together. What I am saying today is that we must go from this convention and say, "America, you must be born again!"ConclusionSo, I conclude by saying again today that we have a task and let us go out with a "divine dissatisfaction." Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure高血压 of creeds信条 and an anemia贫血 of deeds. Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering rams攻城槌 of the forces of justice. [,et us be dissatisfied until those that live on the outskirts 郊区 of hope are brought into the metropolis一国主要城市 of daily security. Let us be dissatisfied until slums are cast扔 into the junk heaps破旧汽车 of history, and every family is living in a decent sanitary home. Let us be dissatisfied until the dark yesterdays of segregated schools will be transformed into bright tomorrows of quality, integrated education. Let us be dissatisfied until integration is not seen as a problem but as an opportunity to participate in the beauty of diversity. Let us be dissatisfied until men and women, however black they may be, will be judged on the basis of the content of their character and not on the basis of the color of their skin. Let us be dissatisfied. Let us be dissatisfied until every state capitol国会大厦 houses a governor who will do justly, who will love mercy and who will walk humbly with his God. Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall, justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. Let us be dissatisfied until that day when the lion and the lamb shall lie down together. and every man will sit under his own vine and fig tree 无花果树and none shall be afraid. Let us be dissatisfied. And men will recognize that out of one blood God made all men to dwell upon仔细研究 the face of the earth. Let us be dissatisfied until that day when nobody will shout "White Power!" - when nobody will shout "Black Power!" - but everybody will talk about God's power and human power.I must confess, my friends, the road ahead will not always be smooth. There will still be rocky places of frustration and meandering蜿蜒的 points of bewilderment. There will be inevitable setbacks here and there. There will be those moments when the buoyancy恢复力 of hope will be transformed into the fatigue of despair. Our dreams will sometimes be shattered and our ethereal轻飘的 hopes blasted. We may again with tear-drenched 湿透eyes have to stand before the bier棺材 of some courageous civil-rights workerwhose life will be snuffed out扼杀 by the dastardly acts of bloodthirsty mobs嗜杀的暴徒. Difficult and painful as it is, we must walk on in the days ahead with an audacious 有冒险精神的faith in the future. And as we continue our charted course, we may gain consolation in the words so nobly left by that great black bard who was also a great freedom fighter of yesterday, James Weldon Johnson:Stony the road we trod,Bitter the chastening rodFelt in the daysWhen hope unborn had died.Yet with a steady beat,Have not our weary feetCome to the placeFor which our fathers sighed?We have come over the wayThat with tears hath been watered.We have come treading our pathsThrough the blood of the slaughtered,Out from the gloomy past,Till now we stand at lastWhere the bright gleamOf our bright star is cast.Let this affirmation be our ringing cry. It will give us the courage to face the uncertainties of the future. It will give our tired feet new strength as we continue our forward stride toward the city of freedom. When our days become dreary with low hovering clouds of despair, and when our nights become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is a creative force in this universe, working to pull down the gigantic mountains of evil, a power that is able to make a way out of no way and transform dark yesterdays into bright tomorrows. Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends toward justice.Let us realize that William Cullen Bryant is right: "Truth crushed to earth will rise again." Let us go out realizing that the Bible is right: "Be not deceived, God is not mocked. Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap." This is our hope for the future, and with this faith we will be able to sing in some not too distant tomorrow with a cosmic past tense,"We have overcome, we have overcome, deep in my heart, I did believe we would overcome."。

大学英语精读2 各单元课后汉译英翻译

Unit11) It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing with them as responsible citizens.我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。

我们必须让他们接触各种社会问题，因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。

2) As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved in international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests between nations.随着时间的推移，我们不可避免地会越来越多的卷入国际事务。

而冲突必然会发生，因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。

3) We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we must never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.我们为我们的成就而骄傲，我们有理由感到骄傲。

但是我们永远不能变的狂妄，不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。

4) Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information of a small library信息现在唾手可得。

现代大学英语(精读)5 教案笔记课后习题详解答案解析

英语专业精读授课教案（第五册）Lesson One Where Do W e Go from HereT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the rhetorical device in the textT eaching difficulties: how to identify the rhetorical device in the sentence and understand theimplication for some sentencesTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:I. Background information:The 1960s w ere turbulent times for the United States. The anti-war movement, the Civil Right movement, the counter-culture movement, the f eminist movement w ere all unfolding in this period of time. The civil Rights movement was a major movement which began with the Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954 and the Montgomery bus boycott of 1955. Martin Luther King jr. (1929-1968), as a key leader of the movement, played a significant and irreplaceable role. His name is associated with the march on W ashington in 1963 and his famous speech ― I have a dream‖, delivered in front of the Lincoln Memorial. He was awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. this speech, delivered in 1967, in more on the side of reasoning and persuasion and less on emotional appeal. Thus his analysis of riots and revolution in the united states in his speech is sound and convincing. On the night of April4. 1968, King was shot dead, as he stood o the balcony of his hotel in Memphis, T ennessee.Part II. Details studies of the textPart III. Structure of the text:Part i. Para. 1—2 Martin Luther King link the theme of the speech with the question of "Where w e are now". That is, in order to know where w e go from here w e must first recognize where we are now. Without knowing our present situation, how can w e design a policy for the future?Part ii Para. 3--5 This is a transitional paragraph to call for all the African-American must ―rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood‖.Part iii (Para. 6--9) In this part the author puts forward the second task: how to organize the strength of the Negro in terms of economic and political pow er. Then the author goes on to define pow er andPart iv (Paras.10--15) This part deals with economic security for the Negro Americans. The speaker advocates guaranteed annual income which he thinks is possible and achievable. He also deals on the advantages of this security.Part v (paras. 16—20) In this part, Martin reaffirms his commitment to nonviolence. He explains why he thinks violence is no solution to racial discrimination. He refutes the idea of Black revolution.Part vi (para 21—25) In this part, Dr. King raises a fundamental question—the restructuring of the whole of American society. He points out that the problem of racism. The problem of economic exploitation and the problem of war are tied together. They are the triple evils of the society.Part vii. (para 26—28) This part serves as the concluding remark for the speech: w e shall overcome.Lesson Two Two KindsT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. present their viewpoint on generation gapT eaching difficulties: how to identify the development of a storyTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. Background information:The Joy Luck Club, from which ―Two Kinds‖ is taken, explores conflicts betw een two generations and two different cultures. Set in China and in the United States, the novel is woven by stories of four Chinese mothers and their four daughters. Four Chinese women, who have just arrived in the United States and who are drawn together by the shadow of their past—meet in San Francisco to play mah-jongg, eat dim sum and tell stories. They call their gatherings the Joy Luck Club. While they place high hopes on their daughters, the youger generation think of themselves as Americans and resist their mothers’ attempts to change them into obedient Chinese daughters. Only after they have grown up and become more mature do they realize that the legacy left by their mothers is an important part of their lives, too. The noivel stayed on the best-selling book list of The New Y ork Times for 9 months.A finalist for the national Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award, it has been translated into about 20 languages and made into a Hollywood movie.Part II. Detailed Study of the T extPart III. The Structure of the text:Part i (paras.1—3) the beginning part of the story provides the reader with some background information. It tells about the mother and her hopes for her daughter. This paves the way ofr the development of the conflict betw een the daughter and the mother.Part ii(paras.4—11)this part is about the mother’s unsuccessful attempt to change her daughter into a Chinese Shirley T emple. In the beginning the child was as excited as the mother about becoming a prodigy. At this point, the conflict betw een mother and daughter was not visible.Part iii(paras12—20) in this part we learn that the mother was trying very hard to train her daughter to be a genius. As the tests got more and more difficult, the daughter lost heart. She decided that she would not let her mother change her. This change of attitudes would lead to the gradual development of the conflict.Part iv (paras 21—28) while watching a Chinese girl playing the piano on an Ed Sullivan Show, a new idea flashed into the mother’s head. With the new plan introduced, the ocnflict would develop further.Part v (paras 29—46) it tells about how the girl was made to learn the piano under the instructions of Old Chong. The relationship betw een mother and daughter was getting more and more tense.Part vi (para.47—60) Jing-mei was to perform in a talent show held in the church. Jing-mei started all right and soon made a mess of her performance. Undoubte dly this was a heavy blow to her mother. The crisis of the story is about to come.Part vii (para 61—76) the girl assumed that her failure at the show meant she would never have to play the paino. Y et two days later her mother urged her to practice as usual. She refused and the mother insisted. They had the most fierce quarrel they had ever had. This is the crisis or climax of the story.Part viii( 77—93) this concluding part is narrated from a different point of view. Now the daughter had grown up form a little girl to a mature woman.Part IV. Discussion about generation gap.Part V. Complete the exercises of the text.A report about generation gapLesson ThreeGoods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.T eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. How to develop an argumentT eaching difficulties: how to develop an argumentTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. Lead-in : Globalization has become one of those w ords with the highest frequency of appearance but at the same time it is also a most controversial issue in terms of content, implication and consequence. Since the early 1990s, globalization has developed rapidly and brought great changes to the world. How ever, groups of people for various reasons oppose globalization and point to the negative effects of globalization. So when w e face an article of such an important and sensitive issue, w e are apt to ask:What is the author’s attitude towards globalization? What makes her adopt such an attitude? How does she present her argument?Part II. Detailed study of the textPart III. Structure of the textPart i (para 1—3) Globalization is a reality but it is not something complietly new. What is new is the speed and scope of changes.Part ii (para 4—6) this part deals with different view s on globalization.Part iii (para 7—9) three points are made in this part:a. W esternization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either.b. Cultures are as resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable as the people who compose them.c. T eenagers are one of the pow erful engines of merging global cultures.Part iv (para 10—13) this part tells of the author’s experience with Amanda Freeman.Part v (para 14—19) in order to prove fusion is the trend, the author used Tom Soper and mah-jongg as an example.Part vi(para 20—24) this part describes the cultural trends in Shanghai.Part viii( para25—28) the author used the experience at Shanghai Theatre Academy to illustrate thePart ix (para 29—34)the author in this part introduced T offler’s view on conflict, change and world order.Part x (para35—36)the main idea is there will not be a uniform world culture in the future; the cultures will coexist and transform each other.Part xii(37—39) the author again used an example in Shanghai to illustrate the transformation of culture.Part IV. Complete the exercises in the textbookPart V. collect their viewpoints about attitude towards globalizaion.Lesson FourProfessions for W omenT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the rhetorical device in the textT eaching difficulties: how to understand the poetic and symbolic sentences in the articleTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. Background information:V irginia W oolf is generally regarded as one of the greatest writers of modernism as w ell as one of the pioneers of women’s liberat ion from patriarchy. She is known for her experimentation and innovation in novel writing. In her novel, emphasis is on the psychological realm of her characters and the moment-by-moment experience of living, which are depicted by the techniques of interior monologue and stream of consciousness. In this essay, V irginia W oolf gives a clear and convincing presentation of the obstacles facing prof essional women.Part II. Detailed study of the textPart III. General analysis of the textPara 1: In the profession of literature, the author finds that there are f ew er experiences peculiar to women than in other profession because many women writers bef ore her have made the road smooth.Para 2: the author responds to the host’s suggestion that she should tell th e audience something about her own professional experiences. So she now tells her own story –how she became a book review er when she was a girl.Para 3.the speaker focuses on the first obstacle to becoming a prof essional women writer. She uses a figure of speech ―killing the Angel in the House‖ in describing her determination to get rid of the conventional role of women in her writing.Para 4. after the Angel was dead, the question which remains to be answ ered is ―what is a woman?‖ it is a transitional li nk between the quthor’s first and second experience.Paragraph 5. In this paragraph the author talks about her second experience in her prof ession of literature. As a novelist, she wished to remain "as unconscious as possible" so that nothing might disturb or disquiet the imagination. But she was faced with the conflict betw een her own approach to art and the conventional approach expected of her by male critics. She believed that sex-consciousness was a great hindrance to women's writing. To illustrate this point, she employs a second figure of speech, "the image of a fisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake."Para 6. This paragraph sums up the author's tw o experiences, pointing out that the second obstacle is more difficult to overcome than the first. W omen have many prejudices to overcome in the profession of literature and especially in new prof essions that women are entering.Para.7. In this last paragraph W oolf concludes her speech by raising some important questions concerning the new role of women and the new relationship betw een men and women.Part IV. Complete the exercise of the textPart V. a report on the prof essional women in ChinaLesson FiveLove Is a FallacyT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the rhetorical device in the textT eaching difficulties: how to identify the rhetorical device in the sentence and understand theimplication for some sentencesTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredPart I. Lead-in:This is a humorous essay in which the narrator tells his failure to win the heart of a young woman with the force of logic, which therefore proves to him that "love is a fallacy"--"it is inconsistent with logic."Part II. Detailed study of the textPart III. Question on Appreciation:1.How did the narrator describe himself? What does it show? How does the author bring out the pomposity of the narrator? What makes the satire humorous?2.why was the narrator interested in Polly Espy? What kind of girl was she.3. How did the narrator's first date with Polly Espy go?4. How does the language used by Polly strike you? Find some examples from the text and explain what effect her language creates.5. Why did the narrator teach Polly Espy logic? Did he succeed?6. Did the narrator love Polly Espy? How did he try to "acquaint her with his f eeling"?7. How did Polly respond to the narrator's arguments for going steady with her? Why did she rej ect him? What does it show? As the story progresses, Polly turned out to be smarter than the narrator had previously thought. How does this contrast contribute to the humor of the piece?Part IV complete the exercise in the textLesson SixLife Beyond EarthT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. learn to analyze the textT eaching difficulties: how to learn to analyze the text and understand the implication for some sentencesTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredPart I. General introduction:The author deals with recent developments in the search for alien organisms. He discusses various arguments about alien civilization. He does not think that such belief and search is irrational or even crazy. He writes that most people with such belief ―operate from the same instinct, which is to know the truth about the universe‖. At the same time he maintains a scientific attitude, pointing out that although there are many persuasive arguments, there is still no hard evidence to prove the existe nce of alien life. Y et he does not stop there. He further points out that since the world we live in—the only inhabitable world in the universe so far—is still far from perfect, people in the world need to direct more energy to making it better. Lif e on Earth is his greater concern.Part II. Detailed study of the text:Part III. Organization of the piece:1. Analysis of the text:(1) Paras. 1--2 the emergence of life(2) Para. 3 (transition) What else is alive out(3) Paras. 4--10 search for lif e(4) Paras. 11--23 search for intelligence(5) Paras. 24--42 Mars.(6) Paras. 43--45 Dyson's argument(7) Paras. 46--52 conclusion2. Questions to discuss:1) What do you think of the opening paragraph? Does the author begin the article in a forceful way?2)What role does this paragraph play? What is meant by "the enveloping nebula of uncertainties"? What is the contrast involved as imroduced by "despite"?3) What new idea is introduced in Paras. 17--19?4) Comment on the first sentence in Paragraph 21.5) Comment on the role of Paragraph 35.extraterrestrial life?Lesson SevenInvisible ManT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the implied meaning of some sentencesT eaching difficulties: how to identify the implied meaning in the sentenceTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. Background Information:1. about the author2. about the articlePart II. Detailed study of the textPart III. Analysis of the text:Para 1. From this opening paragraph we readers can learn a number of important things:(l) By saying "It goes a long way back, some twenty years," the author tells us that the story took place in the past.(2) The "I' here is the narrator, not the author, of the story, and the author is using the first-person narration in telling the story. As w e read On, w e will find this narrator is also the main character, the protagonist, of the story.(3) W ords like "I was looking for myself" and "I am nobody but myself" point out the central theme of the novel--searching for self-identity.Para. 2 This paragraph tells us a bit about the historical background against place. It also introduces a new character--the narrator's grandfather. On his deathbed, he said something that alarmed and puzzled the whole family.Para 3 This paragraph is about the tremendous effect of the grandfather's words upon the narrator, Those words became a constant puzzle for him. As the old man said these w ords ironically, the boy couldn't understand him. Although the grandfather did not appear in the battle royal scene or anylife.Para 4 It tells us about the setting of the battle royal. The narrator was to give his speech at a smoker in a leading hotel in the town. The time is round 1950, the place is a hotel in a Southern town, and the occasion is a gathering of the leading white men of the town. Bearing these in mind will help us readers understand why things happened that way and what was the meaning of all this.Para. 5 Besides giving more details about the place, this paragraph introduces the people involved in the incident the town's big shots, who w ere "wolfing down the buffet food, drinking beer and whisky and smoking black cigars," and the other black boys who w ere to take part, who w ere "tough guys".Para 6 to 9 The main body of the battle royal incident is from Paragraph 4 to paragraph 9. It can be further divided into 4 subsections: the naked white girl's dance; the fight itself; the grabbing for the prize money; the narrator's speech. Paragraphs 6 to 9 form the first subsection in which the author describes the white girl's dance.Paras. 10--28 They form the second subsection of the battle royal incident violent and brutal fight itself. Pay attention to the use of specific words narration realistic and vivid.Paras. 29--46 They describe how the white men further humiliated the black boys even after the battle royal was over. Instead of giving the money the boys w ere supposed to get for their performance, the white men made fun of them by making them scramble for the money on an electrified rug. This part adds to the general chaos of the whole scene.Para 47--90 They form the last subsection of the whole battle royal incident. In this part the narrator finally got his chance to deliver his w ell-prepared speech. How ever, in the middle of his speech, he made a mistake, but everything w ent w ell in the end and he was given an award--a scholarship for college.Para. 91—94 They bring the story to a final end. The narrator was overjoyed with his triumph, and that night he dreamed of his grandfather and awoke with the old man’s laughter rining in his ears.Part IV. Complete the exercise in the textPart V. Do some translation work.Lesson EightThe Merely V ery GoodT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the development of the textT eaching difficulties: how to analyze the development of the article and the implied meaning for someTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. Information on the author:Jeremy Bernstein(1929- ): prof essor of physics and writer. After getting his Ph. D. in physics at Harvard, he spent time at the institute for advanced study in Princeton and at the National Science Foundation. He taught physics for 5years at New Y ork University and then at Stevens Institute of T echnology, Hoboken, New Jersey.But Jeremy Bernstein has also spent more than 30 years on the staff of The New Y orker magazine, writing mostly about physics, computers, and other topics in physical science. He moves as comfortably among sentences and paragraphs as among equations.Part II. Detailed study of the text:Part III. Questions about the article1. Oppenteimer is called ― Father of the Atomic Bomb‖ and had been in charge of the Los Alamas nuclear laboratory for many years. Y et the author considers him as merely very good. Do you think the author is right and fair in relegating Oppenheimer to the merely very good?2. Do you think it is right to say to be highly focused or not is the cause separating the great ones from the merely very good? What is your view?3. How does the author manage to bring the people he wants to compare into the article?O ppenheimer’s anecdote: Oppenheimer and dirac meetingGottingen, talking about poetry and physicsHis decision to go to the conferenceSpender’s being at the conf erence—Spende r’s obsession with Auden—great versus merely very good.4.How does the author develop the article?He uses the 1981 conference as the benchmark and goes back to earlier times and in the last two paragraphs returns the scene to the time of writing. This technique of montage is used largely in cinema.For example:The 1981 conference and the author’s indecision—(flashback to 1925—1927) earlier life of Oppenheimer and his relations with Dirac—(back to 1981) the author’s decision: Spender and Auden—(flashback)Spender and Oppenheimer(1956)—(1958)Oppenheimer, Dirac and the author—(back to 1981) meeting with Spender—(bringing the scene to 1996) concluding remarks.Lesson NineThe W ay to Rainy MountainT eaching aims: 1. fully understand the article2. grasp the rhetorical device in the textT eaching difficulties: how to identify the rhetorical device in the sentence and understand theimplication for some sentencesTime distribution: eight periodsT eaching method: students-centeredT eaching procedures:Part I. About the AuthorN. Scott Momaday was born in Lawton, Oklahoma in 1934. Momaday belongs to a generation of American Indians born when most tribal communities had long ceased to exist as vital social organizations. His Kiowa ancestors shared with other Plains Indians the horrors of disease, military def eat, and cultural and religious deprivation in the 19th century. Their only chance of survival was to adapt themselves to new circumstances. Momaday’s grandfather, for example, adjusted to changing conditions by taking up farming, a decision pressed upon him by the General Allotment Act of 1887.Part II. Detailed study of the textPart III. The analysis of the textPara 1. the opening paragraph of the essay is a lyrical description of the author’s ancestral land, which plays a key role in his exploration of his Kiowa identity.Para 2. the author explains his purpose of his visit to Rainy Mountain: to be at his grandmother’s grave.Para 3. it sums up the history of the Kiowas as a Plains Native culture—the golden time and thedecline in their history.Para 4. it is about how the Kiowas migrated from w estern Montana and how the migration transformed the Kiowas.Para 5. the author returns to his grandmother again. Since she is the immediate reason for him to come to Rainy Mountain, she is the link betw een the author and his ancestors.Para 6. The Kiowas felt a sense of confinement in Y ellow stone, Montana.Para 7. this paragraph is a depiction of the landscape which they came upon when they got out of the highlands in Montana.Para 8. in this para the author describes Devil’s T ow er and tells the Kiowas’s legend about it.Para 9. the author tells about the last days of the Sun Dance culture by using his grandmother as a witness.Para 10. for the first time, the author concentrates only on his grandmother’s story rather than mixing it with the history of the whole Kiowa tribe. Also for the first time, the author shifts the focus of depicting the lanscape to describing a person—his grandmother Aho as an old woman.Para 11—12 paragraph 11 is about the old houses at Rainy Mountain, which the author’s grandmother and other Kiowas used to live in, but which are now empty. This paragraph serves as a transition betw een the depiction of Grandma Aho and the reunion at her house.Para 11 and 12 describe the reunions that were once held at the grandmother’s house when the author was a child. W e can see the author accepts change and loss as facts of life. He neither denies nor defies them. Imagination helps him strike a balance betw een them. So, after depicting his dead grandmother’s old house, he brings to lif e the joy and activity that once filled it. As a child Momaday took part in those events. By re-creating those scenes, he reminds himself of who he is.Part IV. Complete the exercise of the text。

Where-do-we-go-from-here(现代大学英语第五册第一课)--马丁路德金PPT课件

2021/3/12
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Rosa Louise McCauley Parks
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an African-American civil rights activist, whom the U.S. Congress called "the first lady of civil rights", and "the mother of the freedom movement”.
2021/3/12
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Organization of the text
(7parts)
• Part Ⅰ( Paras. 1-2) tell “where we are” • Part Ⅱ( Paras. 3-5) begin to answer “where
do we go from here?” and the first task.
front of the Lincoln
Memorial. He was
a2w021a/3/r12ded Nobel Peace
5
Байду номын сангаас
Prize in 1964.
What does Dr.king work for?
“ I Accept this award on behalf of a civil rights movement which is moving with determination and a majestic scorn for risk and danger to establish a reign of freedom and a rule of justice。”

现代大学英语精读5Lesson1WhereDoWeGofromHere重点词组总结

Lesson 1 Where Do We Go from Here? Martin Luther King Jr. Para. 1 1、be in proportion to 与…成比例●In proportion to the number of students we should build 3 dining rooms. 按学生人数，我们应该建三个餐厅。

●你认为我们的薪水与付出的努力相称吗? Do Do you you you think think we are paid in proportion to the effort we make? Para. 2 2、substantially ①本质上/大体上=essentially ②相当地/非常=considerably ●His criticism is substantially correct.批评大体上是批评大体上是 ●The price may go up quite substantially . ●The company's profits have been substantially lower this year. ●There ●There are are are o o ne ne or or or two two two minor minor minor differences, differences, but but they're they're substantially the same text. Para. 3 3、We must massively assert our dignity and worth. → Paraphrase: We must state clearly and in an impressive 令人钦佩的/给人以深刻印象的way way that that that we we we should should should be be treated with respect and our value should be recognized. 我们必须坚决维护我们的尊严与价值。

Where do we go from here(现代大学英语第五册第一课) 马丁路德金

The conclusion of the speech
The economic gap was becoming larger and larger. To change this phenomenon and increase the status of black people, to the start, the black people have to change their opinions and learn to maintain their self-respect.
• Part Ⅴ( Paras. 16-20) reaffirm his commitment to nonviolence. • Part Ⅵ( Paras. 21-25) a fundamental question---the restructuring of the whole of American society. • Part Ⅶ( Paras. 26-28) a man untouched by the turmoil of everyday life but upset by political events.
P a rt 3 characteristics of the text
Martin Luther King Speeches can be described as motivational, persuasive and inspirational. The 'I have a Dream' speech is one of the most famous speeches ever made.
The main purpose of this speech is to encourage all the black people stand to fight. But this fighting have to take the nonviolence methods. Though the process is very hard, they can't give up and have to try their best!

Lesson 1-Where Do We Go from Here 现代大学英语精读课件

(3) substandard: below standard, specifically below a standard established as by law.
(part I)
4….there are twice as many Negroes…in the population.
Considering the percentage of Negroes in the total population, the death rate of Negro soldiers in Vietnam doubled that of white soldiers.
Where Do We Go from Here? (part II)
14. blot: a moral defect inn an otherwise good character; a disgraceful act or quality soot: a black substance considering chiefly of carbon particles formed by the incomplete combustion of burning matter. grim: sinister foul: offensive to the senses; revolting; disgusting.
Where Do We Go from Here?
(part I)
(2) What makes Dr. King say so?
Dr. King gives a number of examples: “…half of all Negroes live in substandard housing.”

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Where do we go from here ?我们向何处去？马丁.路德.金1．为了回答“我们向何处去”这一问题，我们现在必须明确我们的现状。

当初拟定宪法时，一个不可思议的公式规定黑人在纳税和选举权方面只是一个完整人的60%。

如今又一个匪夷所思的公式似乎规定黑人只盂交纳一个人应交税的50%，只享受一个人应享受的选举权利的50%。

对于生活中的好事，黑人大约只享有白人所享受的一半；而生活中的不愉快，黑人却要承受白人所面对的两倍。

因此，所有黑人中有一半人住着低标准的住房。

并且黑人的收入只是白人的一半。

每当审视生活中的负面经历时，黑人总是占双倍的份额。

黑人无业者是白人的两倍。

黑人婴儿的死亡率是白人的两倍，从黑人所占的总人口比率上看，在越南死亡的黑人是白人的两倍。

2．其他领域也有同样惊人的数字。

在小学，黑人比白人落后一至三年，并且他们的被白人隔离的学校的学生人均所得到的补贴比白人的学校少得多。

20个上大学的学生中，只有一个是黑人。

在职的黑人中75%的人从事低收入、单凋乏味的非技术性工作。

3.这就是我们的现状。

我们的出路在哪里?首先，我们必须维护自己的尊严和价值。

我们必须与仍压迫我们的制度抗争，从而树立崇高的不可诋毁的价值观。

我们再不能因为是自已黑人而感到羞耻。

几百年来灌输黑人是卑微的、无足轻重的，因此要唤起他们做人的尊严绝非易事。

4．甚至语义学似乎也合谋把黑色的说成足丑陋的、卑劣的。

罗杰特分类词典中与黑色相关的词有120个，其中至少60个微词匿影藏形，例如。

污渍、煤烟、狰狞的、魔鬼和恶臭的。

而与白色相关的词约有134个，它们却毫无例外都褒嘉洋溢，诸如纯洁、洁净、贞洁和纯真此类词等。

白色的(善意的)谎言总比黑色的(恶意的)谎言要好。

家中最为人所不齿的人是“黑羊”，即败家子。

奥西．戴维斯曾建议或许应重造英语语言，从而教师将不再迫不得已因教黑人孩子60种方式蔑视自己而使他们继续怀有不应有的自卑感，因教白人孩子134种方式宠爱自己而使他们继续怀有不应有的优越感。

5．忽视黑人对美国生活的贡献从而剥夺其做人的权利的行径，早如美国诞生之时最早的史书所记，近如每日晨报所载，已有近200年之久。

为了挫败这种文化封杀，黑人必须奋起申明自己高贵的人格。

任何忽略这一要点的为黑人争取自由的运动都将行色匆匆，行将就木。

只要心灵被奴役．肉体就永远不会得到解放。

心理上的自由，即强烈的自尊感，是战胜肉体受奴役的漫漫长夜最强有力的武器。

林肯的《斛放宣言》和约翰逊的《人权法案》都不能完全带来这种自由。

黑人惟有发自内心并用坚定的人格的笔墨签下解放自己的宣言才会得到解放。

黑人必须竭尽全力以自尊自重的精神大胆抛弃自我否定的枷锁，对自己、对世界说，“我非等闲之辈。

我是人。

我是一个有尊严、有声誉的人。

我有丰富而非凡的历史。

耶是一段多么痛苦的受剥削的经历。

是的，我从祖先那里继承了我的奴隶身份，但我并不为此感到耻辱。

”是的，我们必须站起身来说。

“我是黑人，我因黑而美。

”黑人需要这种自我肯定，而白人对黑人所犯下的罪行使得这种自我肯定更显必要。

6.另一个主要的挑战是在经济和政治上如何增强我们的实力。

毋庸置疑，黑人极其需要这种合法的权力。

其实黑人所面临的一个严峻的问题就是权力匮乏。

从南方的老种植园到北方较新的居留地，黑人一直被迫过着一种无声无息且无权无势的生活。

由于被剥夺了决定自己生活和命运的权利，他们只能对这个白人权力机构做出的专断的、有时是匪夷所思的决定听之任之。

那些种植园和居留地是由掌权的人开辟的，既可限制那些无权的人又可使他们的无权状况延续下去。

因此，改变居留地的问题就是权力的问题---要求改变的权力和致力于维持社会现状的权力这两种力量之间的冲突。

对权力的恰当的定义即权力指实现目的的能力。

它意指能引发社会、政治、经济变化所需的力量。

沃尔特．罗依德曾为权力下过定义。

他说，“权力就是像汽车工人联合会这样的工会能使像通用汽车公司这样的世界上最强大的公司想说‘不’时说‘是’的能力。

这就是权力。

”7．现在我们中有许多人是传道者，且我们所有的人都有自己的道德信念和所关心的事，因此经常与权力有冲突。

如果使用得当，权力并没有什么问题。

然而，问题是有些哲学家曲解了它。

历史上的一大问题就是常把爱和权力的概念对立起来---把它们看作两极化的对立面---结果爱意味着放弃权力，而权力则意味着对爱的摒弃。

8．正是这种曲解使研究权力欲望的哲学家尼采拒绝基督教的爱的概念，又是这种曲解诱使基督教的神学家们以基督教的爱的思想的名义拒绝尼采的有关权力欲望的哲学。

现在我们必须得把这一曲解改正过来。

这需要认识到没有爱的权力是毫无节制、易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感、苍白，无力的。

最理想的权力是实现公正所需的爱，最理想的公正是改正任何阻挠爱的权力。

这就是我们走向未来时必须要理解的。

事实表明在我们国家我们曾对此有过误解及模糊认识．并因此导致了美国黑人试图用没有爱和良知的权力实现他们的目标。

9．这使得今天为数不多的极端分子倡导黑人应从白人手中谋求夺取他们曾深恶痛绝的毁灭性的、无良知的权力。

正是这种不道德的权力和毫无权力的道德的冲突导致了我们这个时代的主要危机。

10．我们必须制定计划推动我们国家实现有保障的年收入。

倘若是在本世纪初提出，这种建议或许会因为有损主动性和责任感而受到嘲笑和谴责。

当时经济地位被看作是衡量一个人的能力和才能的标准。

因此以那时的衡量标准，财物匮乏表明缺少勤劳的习惯和是非观念。

在对人的动机和我们的经济体制无序运作的理解上，我们已取得了很大的进步。

现在我们懂得是我们的经济市场运行混乱、歧视盛行才使得人们无所事事，从而使他们违背自己的意愿长期失业或不断失业。

今天，我希望出于良知，穷人将不再像从前那样因被标榜为卑微或无能而常常被解雇。

我们还必须懂得无论经济如何快速发展都无法消除一切贫困。

11．这一问题表明我们的工作重点必须是双重的。

我们既要提供全面就业又要创收。

无论如何，要想尽一切办法使人们成为消费者。

一但他们处于这样的位置，我们就必须关注个人的潜力不被浪费。

我们应为那些找不到传统工作的人开拓新的对社会有益的工作。

1879年亨利·乔治在他所著的《进步与贫穷》一书中就预见了这样的事态。

12．事实上，人们从事改善人类处境的工作，从事传播知识、增强实力、丰富文学财富以及升华思想的工作并不是为了谋生。

这与奴隶被迫做工有所不同。

奴隶做工不是被任务本身或工头所迫就是出于动物本能，而这种工作是它本身能为生活带来保障，并创造一种消除了匮乏的社会形态。

13．倘使能大规模地增加这种工作，我们可能会发现如果把住房和教育放在消除贫困之后，那么住房和教育问题会随着贫穷的消除而有所改善。

被改造成消费者的穷人会依靠自已的力量大举改善其恶劣的住房状况。

当有了额外的金钱这一武器，饱尝贫穷和种族歧视双重痛苦的黑人在他们反歧视的斗争中将会收到更大的成效。

14．此外，广泛的经济保障必然会带来许多积极的心理上的改变。

当命运掌握在自己的手中，并有财力寻求自我提高时，人的尊严就会达到巅峰。

当不再用金钱的天平不公正地衡量一个人的价值时，夫妻子女间的冲突就会减少。

15．现在我们的国家有此财力。

约翰·肯尼斯·加尔布来斯说每年只需200亿美元就可以实现有保障的年收入。

今天我想在此告诉你们，如果我们国家一年能花掉350亿美元在越南发动一场不公正的邪恶的战争，200亿美元把人送上月球，那么它就能花费几十亿美元帮助上帝的孩子自立于这个世界。

16．现在，简单地说，我们必须重申我们的非暴力承诺。

我想强凋这一点。

近期所有的黑人骚乱表明暴力在争取种族平等的斗争中是徒劳无益的。

昨天我试图分析这骚乱及其缘由。

今天我想揭示其另一面。

诚然，骚乱总是有些令人悲伤痛苦。

人们经常可以看见尖声大叫着的青年人和愤怒的成年人绝望而盲目地与不可能战胜的困难作战。

然而，在他们内心深处可以看见自我毁灭的欲望，一种自绝于世的渴望。

17．时有黑人争辨说1965年的瓦特骚乱和其他城市的骚乱代表着有效的人权行动，但当问到这些骚乱最终取得了什么具体的收益时，那些持此观点者则支支吾吾、无以应答。

那些骚乱顶多从被吓坏了的政府官员那里得到少量额外的扶贫金和几处给居留地的孩子们降温的喷水设施。

这就像给仍关在铁窗后的人改善监狱的伙食一样。

没有任何骚乱能像有组织的抗议示威那样赢得实实在在的改进。

当试图请提倡暴力者说明什么做法会是有效的时，回答总是明显地不合逻辑。

有时他们谈论颠覆种族政府和地方政府，继而谈论民兵战争。

他们不懂除非政府已失去武装部队的支持和对其有效的控制，没有任何内部革命能够通过暴力成功地推翻政府。

任何有理性的人都明白这在美国是绝不会发生的。

当面临种族暴力的局势时，权力机构可以支配地方警察、州警察、国民警卫队直至军队---所有这些武装大部分是由白人组成的。

此外，除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持，不和他们对抗，否则暴力革命很少或者说几乎没有成功的。

尽管卡斯特罗可能实际上只有为数不多的古巴人在山上与他并肩作战，但是倘若他没有得到绝大多数的古巴人民的同情他就绝不可能成功地推翻巴蒂斯塔政权。

18．显而易见．美国黑人的暴力革命不会得到白人甚至大多数黑人的同情和支持。

现在不是进行浪漫的幻想和对自由进行空洞的哲学论辩的时候；现在是行动的时候。

我们需要的是寻求改变的策略，一个能使黑人尽快地融入到美国的主流生活的高明方案。

迄今为止，只有非暴力运动为此提供了可能。

如果不能领悟到这一点，我们就不能真正解释、回答、解决问题。

19.因此今天我想告诉你们我仍坚持非暴力这一原则，因为我仍坚信它是黑人在这个国家争取公正的斗争的最有效的武器。

另外因为我企盼一个更美好的世界。

我企盼公正。

我企盼兄弟情谊。

我企盼真理。

当一个人有此企盼时，他绝不会倡导暴力。

因为暴力可能除掉一个凶手，但却不能消除谋杀。

暴力可能除掉一个骗子，但却不能缔造真理。

暴力可能除掉一个仇人，但却不能消除仇恨。

黑暗不能驱除黑暗，只有光明才能驱除黑暗。

20．我还想告诉你们我已决意继续以爱为本。

因为我知道爱是最终解决人类问题的惟一答案。

因此，无论走到哪里我都会谈及此话题。

我知道今天在某些圈子里这是一个不受欢迎的话题。

我所谈及的爱不是情感纠葛，而是较高层次的强烈的爱。

因为我看到了太多的恨。

在南部县治安官的脸上看到了太多的恨。

在南部太多的三K党人和太多的白人政务会委员的脸上看到了对我的恨。

因为每当我看到这种恨，我知道这对他们的脸和人格都有影响，我会对自己说，恨是一个令人难以承受的负担。

因此我已决意以爱为本。

倘若你在寻求最高层次的德行，我想你可以在爱中找到。

美妙的是当我们这样做时，我们正远离是非，正如约翰所示，上帝就是爱。

心存怨恨的人不识上帝，倒是心中有爱的人最终能够开启通向现实的大门。