2019英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)
2019英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)
2019英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real： a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. Thisattraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures： In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner."The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined： speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speakerat the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact： if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or wild terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses： there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.1. The author is convinced that the eyes are .A. of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideasB. something through which one can see a person's inner worldC. of considerable significance in making conversations interestingD. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate2. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person .A. whose front view is fully perceivedB. whose face is covered with a maskC. whose face is seen from the sideD. whose face is free of any covering。
2019年6月英语四级阅读选词填空真题及答案【含解析】
【导语】2019年6⽉英语四级考试已结束，©⽆忧考⽹四六级频道在考后特别整理了2019年6⽉英语四级阅读选词填空真题及答案【含解析】，仅供⼤家参考，祝⼤家顺利通过四级考试！ Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs(暗礁)perfect for scuba diving(⽔肺式潜泳)and preserving marine ___26___.Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was ___27___ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane ___28___the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area. The plane ___29___ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will ___30___ be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's ___ 31___. Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under USS100,000 but they hope to see a return on that ___32___ through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the ___33___ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest___34___. sunk aircraft ever. Taking a trip underwater and ___35___ the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make peoplethink. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise(天堂). A) create I) intentionally B) depressed J) investment C) eventually K) revealing D) experiences L) stretches E) exploring M) stripped F) exterior N) territory G) habitats O) victim H) innovate 答案： GMALC FJOIE 解析： Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs(暗礁)perfect for scuba diving(⽔肺式潜泳)and preserving marine __26G___. 26题，先判断词性，需要填名词，habitats，栖息地。
2019年12月四级考试真题及参考答案完整版(第二套)
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题完整版（第二套）Part Ⅰ Writing （30 minutes）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A）Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B） A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C） Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D） A wandering cow was captured by the police.2. A） It was shot to death by a police officer.B）It found its way back to the park’s zoo.C） It became a great attraction for tourists.D） It was sent to the animal control department.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A） It is the largest of its kind.B） It is going to be expanded.C） It is displaying more fossil specimens.D） It is staring an online exhibition.4. A）A collection of bird fossils from Australia.B） Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.C） Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.D） Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A） Pick up trash.B） Amuse visitors.C） Deliver messages.D） Play with children.6. A） They are especially intelligent.B）They are children’s favorite.C They are quite easy to tame.D） They are clean and pretty.7. A） Children may be harmed by the rooks.B） Children may be tempted to drop litter.C） Children may contract bird diseases.D） Children may overfeed the rooks.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A） It will be produced at Harvard University.B） It will be hosted by famous professors.C） It will cover different areas of science.D） It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.9. A）It will be more futuristic.B） It will be more systematic.C） It will be more entertaining.D） It will be easier to understand.10. A） People interested in science.B） Youngsters eager to explore.C） Children in their early teens.D） Students majoring in science.11. A） Offer professional advice.B） Provide financial support.C） Help promote it on the Internet.D） Make episodes for its first season.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A） Unsure.B） Helpless.C） Concerned.D） Dissatisfied.13. A） He is too concerned with being perfect.B） He loses heart when faced with setbacks.C） He is too ambitious in achieving goals.D） He takes on projects beyond his ability.14. A） Embarrassed.B） Unconcerned.C） Miserable.D） Resentful.15. A） Try to be optimistic whatever happens.B） Compare his present with his past only.C）Always learn from others’ achievements.D） Treat others the way he would be treated.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A） They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.B） They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.C） They are more likely to become engineers.D） They have greater potential to be leaders.17. A） Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.B） Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.c） Insist that boys and girls work together more.D）Respond more positively to boys’ comments.18. A） Offer personalized teaching materials.B） Provide a variety of optional courses.C） Place great emphasis on test scores.D） Pay extra attention to top students.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A） It often rains cats and dogs.B） It seldom rains in summer time.C） It does not rain as much as people think.D） It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.20. A） They drive most of the time.B） The rain is usually very light.C） They have got used to the rain.D） The rain comes mostly at night.21. A） It has a lot of places for entertainment.B） It has never seen thunder and lighting.C） It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.D） It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A） It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.B）It results from exerting one’s muscles continuously.C） It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity. D）It comes from staining one’s muscle s in an unusual way.23. A） Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area. B） Body movements in the affected area become difficult.C） They begin to make repairs immediately.D） They gradually become fragmented.24. A） About one week.B） About two days.C） About ten days.D） About four weeks.25. A） Apply muscle creams.B） Drink plenty of water.C） Have a hot shower.D） Take pain-killers.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section AFinally, some good news about airplane traverl. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory（呼吸道）viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in individual – had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick ,accordingto the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore , these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. 34 side of a person infected with flu, as well as those sitting one roe in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 person chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.A） accurateB） conclusionC） directlyD） eitherE） evaluateF） explorationsG） flightsH） largelyI） nearbyJ） respondK） slimL） spreadM） summitN） vividlyO） vulnerableSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its ownA） Getting around a city is one thing —and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We’ll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”B）“The 18th century really was a waterborne （水运的） century, the 19th century a rail century. the 20th century a highway, car, truck century一and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasi ngly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years.“ From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,”says Kasada. “The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport.”C）Songdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub （枢纽）. But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn’t mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived （构想） this city ofthe future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. “I am a visionary,” he says. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36.000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea, There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.D）Chances are you’ve actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous musi c video ever to come ou of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.“I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was act ually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning, “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it’s new and nice.”E） The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all ov er the world. But hat’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven--all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.F） The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the mi ddle of the day. when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city 一more popular as a residential area than a business one. It’s not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering （闪烁的）glass towers line the canal’s edge.G）“What’s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here,” he says. “There needs to be strong economic incentives.” The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H） But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. “I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,” says a woman in her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every wee kend. “I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.I） The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated. too. Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.”But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companiesJ）Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up—about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopian （乌托邦的）cities in history. And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard to predict the future.36. Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37. The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.41. Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.44. Acording to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what happen in the future.45. Park Yeon So. Who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy （征税）1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approve d by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It’s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The ta x passed today unfairly singles out beverages—including low- and no-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”An industry backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure. characterizing it as a“grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not just Berkeley’ anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A） It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B） It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C） It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D）It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal? A） Bargain with the city council.B） Refuse to pay additional tax.C） Take legal action against it.D） Try to win public support.48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A） It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B）It tried to win grocers’ support against the measure.C） It kept sending letters of protest to the media.D） It criticized the measure through advertising.49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A） Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B） Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C） Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D） Benefit low-income people across the country.50. What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A） They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B） They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C） They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D）They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. Withcosts falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2—the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to wast e disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other from of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances usedfor cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51. What is the finding of the new study?A） Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B） The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C） CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D） The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A） They are becoming more affordable.B） They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C） They are getting much easier to operate.D） They take less time to cook than other appliances.53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A） Cooking food of different varieties.B）Improving microwave users’ habits.C） Eating less to cut energy consumption.D） Using microwave ovens less frequently.54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A） There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves. B） People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often. C） The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU. D） More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves? A） It will become less popular in the coming decades.B） It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C） It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D） It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part Ⅳ Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。
2019年12月英语四级阅读考试训练及答案24
A. are more likely to be punished than before.
B. have poor academic records
C. can be academicaynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr. huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize information, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who’s doing it,” he said, “That’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system.”
2019英语四级真题
听力Long conversation1W:Kale,how did your drivers theory exam go?It was yeasterday right?M:Yes,I prepared as much as I could,but I was so nervous since it was my second trying.The people who worked at the test center were very kind.Though we had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit.And that what I just needed.Then after the exam they printed out my result but I was so afraid to open it until I was outside.It was a relief to pass.W:Congratulations.I knew you could do it.I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time,didn’t you?I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared but good job in passing the second time.I’m so proud of you.Now all you have to do next is your road test.Have you had any lessons yet?M:Yes.Thanks.I’m so happy to be actually on the road now.I’ve only had two driving lessons so far and my instructor is very understanding,so I’m really enjoying it and I can’t wait for my nextsession although the lessons are rather expensive.20pounds an hour and the instructor says I’ll need about30to40lessons in total, that’s what six to eight hundred pounds.So this is time I’ll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully we’ll be successful the first time.W:Well,good luck.Long conversation2M:University of Leeds.Since you’re going to university in England. Do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W:Congratulations.Yes,I believe for international students you will have to pay around thirteen thousand pounds a year.It’s just a bit more than the local students.M:OK,so that’s about seventeen thousand dollars for the tuition and fees.Anyway I’m only going to be there for a year doing my masters.So it’s pretty good.If I stayed in the US,it would take two years and cost at least fifty thousand dollars intuition alone.Also, have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds which would be pretty awesome.The benefits of being a music genius.W:Yeah I heard you’re a talented piano player.So you’re doing a postgraduate degree now.I’m still in my last year,graduating next June.Finally I’ll be done with my studies and could go on to earning loads of money.M:Are you still planning on being a teacher?No money in that job then.W:You’d be surprised I’m still going to be a teacher but the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so of experience in England.It’s better pay and I get to travel which reminds me I’m late for my class and I’ve got some documents I need to print out first.I’d better run.阅读(第一套)：无人驾驶汽车The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved2,000miles away.It has26from Detroit to Silicon Valley,where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.In a27to take production back to Detroit,Michigan lawmakers have introduced28that could make their state the best place in the country,if not the world,to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road.“Michigan’s29in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to30our leadership in transportation.We can’t let happen,”says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead31of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written,they would32a substantial update of Michigan’s2013law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions.Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads.They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand33of self-driving cars,like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology.In34,California, home of Silicon Valley,recently proposed far more35rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel,and commercial use of self-driving technology.A)bidB)contrastC)deputyD)dominanceE)fleetsF)knotsG)legislationH)migratedI)replaceJ)representk)restrictiveL)rewardM)significantN)sponsorO)transmitted26.[答案]H migrated[解析]：The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved...这是在说美国汽车创新中心移动了，move;所填单词的所在句为It has()from Detroit to Silicon Valley,where self-drivingvehicles are...其中“Detroit”指的是底特律，“Silicon Valley”指的是硅谷，也就是说它从底特律移动到了硅谷，在备选项中，表示“迁移，移动”的是H项migrated。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。
2019年英语四级阅读理解练习题
英语四级阅读理解练习题：美国人的睡眠欠债American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. " Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. " We have to totally change our attitude toward napping", says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. ? Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt, The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half?hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. ? About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase"also called"a secondary sleep gate. "Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. ? We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut?eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we"snack"on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.这是一篇说明文，讨论了nap(小睡，打盹)及睡眠充足的积极意义。
2019年12月英语四级阅读真题
2019年12月英语四级阅读真题选词填空Part ⅢSection A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollutioncosts the global economy more than $5 trillion annually inwelfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world. The figures include a number of costs 27 28 like home heating and cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industryand transportation. Director of Institute for Health Metrics andEvaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an “urgent call to action.”“On of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, overwhich individuals have little 31 ,” 3233 experience dangerouslevels of outdoor air pollution. But the problem is not limited 34to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S.as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, wherediesel(柴油) 35A)ability B)associated C)consciously D)constantE)control F)damage G)described H)equals I)exclusivelyJ)innovated K)regularly L)relates M)sourcesN)undermine O)vehicles答案：26. F damage (损害) 27. B associated (与……有联系)28. M sources (来源) 29. D constant (不断的，常存在的) 30.G described (描述) 31. E control (控制) 32. H equals (等同于)33. K regularly (经常地) 34. I exclusively (仅仅，唯一地) 35.O vehicles (车辆)解析：26. F damage空格所在句子的含义为：空气污染每年在福利费用方面给全球经济造成5万多亿损失，最大的... ...发生在发展中国家。
2019年12月四级深度阅读真题详解
2019年12月四级深度阅读真题详解第一套Passage OneQuestion 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. 56-60 ACBDBChildre n are a delight(=hapiness/joy). They are our future. (56)But sadly, hiri ng some one to take care of them while you go to work is gett ing more expe nsive by the year.Earlier this mon th, it was reported that the cost of en rolli ng an infant or small kid at a childcare cen ter rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strip s(狭长地带)of the country where daycare for an infant(57)This is not necessarily a new trend,but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet duri ng that time, pay for professi onal childcare workers has stood still. Actually( =in fact) caregivers make less today, in real terms(扣除物价因素；按实质计算),than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are resp on sible for up to 80% of a daycare cen ter's expe nses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who's to blame for higher childcare costs?Childcare is a carefully regulated in dustry. States lay dow n rules about how many childre n each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care cen ters n eed per child, and other minute details(58) And the stricter the regulation s, the higher the costs. If it(保育中心)has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money 通过压缩劳动力成本来省钱)when other expenses go up. (59) In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infant s, the price of care averaged more tha n $16,000 per year. I n Mississippi, where cen ters must hire one teacher for every five infant s, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. ( 60)elaborate, prices have risen. The trade off(交换(60)But certa inly, it does n't seem to be an accide nt that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the leastregulate d(=rule/ma nage) South.56. What problem do pare nts of small kids have to face?A) The ever-rising childcare prices. B) The budgeti ng of family expe nses.C) The bala nee betwee n work and family. D) The select ion of a good daycare cen ter.57. What does the author feel puzzled about?A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B) Why in creased childcare prices have n ot led to better service.C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professi on als in a nu mber of states.58. What preve nts childcare centers from saving money?A) Steady in crease in labor costs. B) Strict government regulations.C) Lack of support from the state. D) High adm ini strative expe nses.【解析】infant ['?if?nt]n.baby/child 婴/幼儿；未成年人59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?A) The overall quality of service is n ot as good. B) Payme nts for caregivers there are n ot as high.D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.60. What is the author view 'ns daycare service?A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training. B) Less elaborate rules about children might lower costs.C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs. D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.【解析】elaborate[?l?b ?r?t]adj. cdetailed /full精心制作/复杂/详尽/煞费苦心的Passage TwoQuestions 61-65 are based on the following passage. 61-65DDCBC(61) A lex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction (分心成瘾)addresses(v向…讲话).And that, he claims,is pretty much all of us. When we're not on li ne, where we spe nd four mon ths annu ally, we're en gaged in the stressful work of trying to get on li ne.(62) The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book(并非励志类图书)overdose (过度使用)and a historicaloverview(历史性概述)of how technological advances 科技进步)change consciousness 意识).A “ professional futurist ” , Pang urges an approach which he cattstemplative (沉思的 ” He asks that you pay full attention to “”(63) Pang's first job is to free you from the (常见的错误认识 )that doing two things at once allows you to get moredone (同时做两件事效率更高) .multitasking!多重任务)is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects onproductivity are well documented(有据可查的).Pang does n't advocate returning to a pre-I nternet world. In stead, he asks you to t ake a more ecological (生态的)view of your relatio nships with tech no logies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life har der. ”The Distracti on Addictio n is particularly fasci nat ing on how tech no logies have cha nged certa in fields of labor — ofte nfor the worse. (64) “ Architecture is first and foremost about thinking...and drawing is a more productive way of thinking .Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions for kicking the Internet habit. (65) usual behavior-modification approaches(常见的行为矫正法 )Keep logs to (己录下上网日志)study your online profile(上网概况)and decide what you can knock out (剔除 ), download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a digital Sabbath (安息日)” : “ Uni ess you're a reporter or emergedepartme nt doctor, you'll discover that your world does n't fall apart whe nyou go offline. ”61. Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who ________ .A) find their work on li ne too stressful B) go on li ne main ly for en terta inmentD) can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet(很难让自己远离互联网 )【解析】tear oneself away from: reluctant to leave ([r?l?kt?nt])舍不得离开，爱不释手【解析】restrain /r?@tre?n/vt. restrict/control/stop/prevent 抑/控制；约束；制止 first and foremost /?f???m??t/ 首先；首要 地/的是65. What is Ales Pang's for Internet users ?A) They use the Internet as little as possible.C) They exercise self-control over their time online.【解析】keep logs to 保存日志/聊天记录第二套Passage oneQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.(1) New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling ( 骑车)passengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up(increase) riders at their expense(在损害他们的禾口益 /情况下)？62. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book ? A)Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.C) Predict the trend of future tech no logical development.63. What is the on multitasking ?A) It en ables people to work more efficie ntly.C) It makes people's work and life even harder. 64. What does the author thi nk of ?A) It con siderably cuts dow n the cost of buildi ng design. B) Warn people of the possible dan gers of internet use. D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mindB) It is a way quite similar to switch-task ing. D) It distracts people's atte nti on from useful work. B) It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking. D) It can free architects from laborious drawing. productive thinking 有成效的思维方式D) They en terta in themselves on li ne on off-days only.(2) At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a man ager W. Ben said the shop has see n an in crease in its overall sales(总销售额) dueto(=as a result of) the bike-share program. "It's getting more people on the road" he said. (5)James Ryan, an employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy also said Citi Bike is a good option(=choice) for people to ease into biking in a city famed for its traffic jams and and aggressive好斗的)driversRen tals are not a big part of the bus in ess at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles.(3) But for Fran k's Bike Shop, a small busin ess on Grand St., the bike-share program has bee n bad n ews. Owner Frank Arroyo said his ren tai bus in ess has decreased by 90% since the Citi Bikes were rolled out last mon th. Arroyo's main rental customers are Europea n tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes.However,(5) Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. "People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, the n decide that they want somethi ng nicer for themselves," he no ted.(5) Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. just north of Christopher St., said initially(=at first) he was concerned about(=worried about )bike-share, though, he admitted, "I was happy to see people on bikes."(5) Farrell's early concerns were echoed (随声附和，认同)_by An drew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Sec ond Ave.(4)"lt seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to implement," Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about (be concerned about)inexperieneed riders' lack of awareness(知道：认识)of biking rules and backlash(强烈反对)from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his bus in ess has bee n impact ed(=in flue nee).While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in bus in ess, Crooks allowed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City.56 . What is the author's chief concern about the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York ?A How non-cyclists will resp ond to it.B Whether local bike shops will suffer.C Whether local bike bus in esses will oppose it.D How the safety of bike riders can be en sured.57 . What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of (due to)the bike-share program?A It found its bike sales un affected.B It shifted its bus in ess to ren tals.C It saw its bike sales on the rise.D It ren ted more bikes to tourists.58 . Why is the bike-share program bad news for Frank's Bike Shop ?A It cannot meet the dema nd of the bike —share program.B Its customers have been drawn away by (被吸引走了)CitiBikes.C Its bike prices have to be lowered again and again.59. Why did Andrew Crooks th ink that the bike—share program would be difficult to execute(=implement) ?A inexperienced riders might break biking rules.B Conflicts might arise among bike rental shops.C Traffic con diti ons might worse n in the down tow n area.【解析】execute vt. carry out/put into practice/ implement 实/执行；处死/决60 . What is the general attitude(总体态度)of local bike shops towards Citi Bike?A Wait-and-see(等待并观望).B Negative(消极否定的).C Indifferent(漠不关心的).D Approving(认可的). Passage TwoQuestions 61to 65 are based on the following passage. 61-65 CBCAD(61)Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurable improvements(带来显著提高)in learning. Between 1980 and 2008,staff and teachers at U.S. public schools grew roughly twice as fast as stude nts. Yet stude nts showed no additi on al lear ning in achieveme nt tests.Uni versities show similar trends of in creased adm ini strati on pers onnel and costs without greater lear ning, as docume nted in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa's recent book Academically Adrift Limited Lear ning on College Campuses.A survey shows that 63% of employers say that recent college graduates don't have the skills they n eed to succeed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.（62）S ome simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of the skilled students by private schools, but far more significant events were at work.Public schools worked well until about the 1970s. In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones. It was the under performing students who were threw out of public schools and went to private ones.（63）A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working outside the house other than being teachers or nurses. They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.Having such a large supply of tale nted wome n teachers meant that society could pay less for their services. （64） Women's liberation opened up new professional职业I专门的）opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the best left teaching as a career option, bringing about a gradual decline（逐渐下降）in the quality of schooling.（65）Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay（规定工资）,prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic（ /?bj??r?永r?t ?/官僚的）standard for advancement. Large education bureaucracies and unions came to domin ate（=rule/c on trol） the Ian dscape, confusing activity with achieveme nt. Bureaucrats regularly rewrite curriculums, talk nonsense about the theories of education, and require ever more administrators. The end result had been that, after all the spending, students have worse math and reading skills than both their foreign peer s（同龄人）and earlier generations spe nding far less on educatio n—as all the accumulati ng evide nee now docume nts.61. What do we learn from various studies on America's public education?A Achieveme nt tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teach ing.with private schools .C Little improvement in education has resulted from increased spending .D The nu mber of stude nts has in creased much faster tha n that of teachers62. How do some people explain the decline in public education?A Government in vestme nt does not meet schools' n eeds.B Skilled students are moving to private schoolsC Qualified teachers are far from adequately paidD Training of students' basic skills is neglected .【解析】attribute …to •（•[?'tr?bju?t=due to）把... 归因于...drain/dre?i/ n. flow out/consume/use up（资源/资金的）外流;消耗63. What was a significant contributor（重大的贡献/重要因素）to the past glory of public schools?A Well-behaved stude nts.B Efficie nt adm ini strati on.C Talented women teachers.D Gen erous pay for teachers.【解析】prominent['pr ?m?n?nt]adj. obvious/excellent /remarkable /brilliant/outstanding/marked 突出/显著/杰出/卓越的64. Why did some of the best women teachers leave teaching?A New career opportunities were made available to them by women's liberation.B Higher academic requirements made it difficult for them to stay in their jobs.C They were un happy with the bureaucratic admi nistrati on in their schools.D The heavy teach ing loads left them little time and en ergy for family life.65. What does the author think is one of the results of government involvement in education ?A In creas ing emphasis on theories of educatio n.B Highly sta ndardized teachi ng methods.C Stude nts' improved academic performa nee.D An ever-growing number of administration（管理;监管）.【解析】dictate vt.rule/set;规定，命令；指示；口述；听写第三套56—60BBCAD 61 —65 BCBADPassage one56. The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments s tremendous impacts has only just begu n.“ Mass adoption of the Internet is drivingone of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history,57. and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global, Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.58t' s that authors dbnpend' enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes — and more importa ntly predicts—59.and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the idea that “ tech no logy is n eutral, but people aren ' t. ” By using t 60. t he authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotom对立观点）that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet,they 监视）.56、In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?A. lt tran sforms huma n history.C. It is adopted by all huma ni ty.D.It revoluti oni zes people's thinking.【解析】transformative developments[tr?ns'f ?:m?tiv]革命性的发展57、How do Schmidt and Cohe n describe the effects of the In ternet?A.They are immeasurable.B.They are worldwide.C.They are un predictable.D.They are con tam in ati ng.58、In what respect is the book The New Digital Age con sidered in adequate?A. It fails to recog nize the impact of the Internet tech no logy.B. It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.C」t lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.59、What will the future be like when everybody gets online?A. People will be living in two different realities.B. People will have equal access to in formati on.C. People don ' t have to travel to see the world.D. People don '60、What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?A. They leave many questi ons unan swered concerning the Intern et.B. They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.C. They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.D. They don ' t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.Passage two61. In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. Andin that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgag抵（押贷款）payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.62. Other members of the autoworker ' s family, howebe itemghtelined to tried the present for the pastIn most stales, his wife could not have take n out a loa n or a card in her own n ame. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husba nd. And no where did a wife have legal protectio n aga inst family viole nee.63. Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts职位相当的人）,white racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working-class families.Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolvi ng old on es, but the solutio n is not to go back to the past.64spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.6561、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security tha n they do today.B」t was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C. Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D. They were better off tha n workers in other in dustries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A. They in variably long to return to the golde n past.B. They do not depe nd so much on social welfare.C. They feel more secure economically than in the past.D. They are usually un willi ng to live with their childre n.【解析】be less inclined to不倾向于，就不会那么想，更不想however might be less inclined to tried the present for the past.但是可能更倾向于尝试现在而不是过去。
2019年全国英语四级阅读模拟习题附答案-精选word文档 (3页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==全国英语四级阅读模拟习题附答案在当今这个学习英语风潮盛行的社会，英语似乎已经成为了我们生活中不可或缺的一部分，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语四级辅导练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games andmovies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a goodmodel for your kids. Sometimes anxiet y is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mind are ________.A. surprisingB. confusingC. illogicalD. questionable2. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1, Para. 3)?A. It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.B. The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D. It’s impossible to forget the past.3.According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentallyill 50 years ago ________.A. were less isolated physicallyB. were probably less self-centeredC. probably suffered less from anxietyD. were considered less individualistic。
2019年12月四级阅读真题及答案.doc
2019 年12 月四级阅读真题及答案2011 年12 月四级阅读真题及答案Section AWith the world ’s population estimated to grow from sixto nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses andgovernments are already dealing with the impact this increasewill have on everything from food and water to infrastructurean jobs. Underlying all this 47________ will be the demandfor energy, which is expected to double over the next 40years.Finding the resources to meet this demand in a48________, sustainable way is the cornerstone of ournation ’s energy security, and will be one of the m ajor49________ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy --- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few --- are50________ being funded and developed, and will play agrowing 51________ in the world ’s energy supply. But expertssay that, even when 52________, alternative energy sourceswill likely meet only about 30% of the world ’s energy needsby 2050.For example, even with 53________ investments, such asthe $93 million for wind energy development 54________ in theAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternativeenergy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55________ onlyabout 1% of the market today.Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56________ --- both traditional and alternative.A stableB solutionsC significantD roleE progressF marvelousG includedH growthI exactlyJ consistK comprise L competitions M combined N challenges O certainly查看参考答案47. N) challenges48. A) stable49. E) progress50. O) certainly51. D) role52. M) combined53. C) significant54. G) included55. K) comprise56. B) solutionsSection BPassage OneBoys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involvedin activities such as art, dance and music, according to research released today.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim, the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, the US study says.Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities thathelped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading andwriting with specifically "boy-focused" approaches such asthemes and characters that appeal to them. Because boysgenerally have more acute vision, learn best through touch,and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around. "Boys inmixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes," James wrote.Single-sex education also made it less likely that boyswould feel they had to conform to a stereotype that menshould be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "Inmixed schools, boys feel compelled to act like men beforethey understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the study reported.57. The author believes that a single-sex school would_____________________.A force boys to hide their emotions to be “real man ”B help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boysC encourage boys to express their emotions more freelyD naturally reinforce in boys that traditional image ofa man58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed schools boys____________________.A perform relatively betterB grow up more healthilyC behave more responsiblyD receive a better education59. What does Tony Little say about the Britisheducation system?A It fails more boys than girls academicallyB Itfocuses more on mixed school educationC It fails to give boys the attention they needD It places more pressure on boys than on girls60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______________.A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristicsof boysB boys can focus on their lessons without being distractedC boys can choose to learn whatever they are interestedinD teaching can be designed to promote boys ’team spirit61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James ’report?A They enjoy being in chargeB They conform to stereotypesC They have sharper visionD They are violent and sexistPassage TwoIt's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, orthe roof fall off, and we have no savings to save us. I saythat you only live once and we work hard and what's the pointif you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year –we just won't go.Since money is known to be one of the things most likelyto bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful.For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people found 22% said theywere arguing more with their partners because of concernsabout money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession –financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable.A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved,and made men, more than women, extremely angry.Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, whichmay be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions ofwhat it is for," he explains. "They will say it's to save, tospend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them" He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they'veachieved something."The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances, but they don't.There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about moneythan talking about death. But you both need to know what youare doing, who is paying what into the joint account and howmuch you keep separately. In a healthy relationship you don'thave to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."62. What does the author say about vacationing?A People enjoy it all the more during a recessionB Few people can afford it without working hardC It makes all the hard work worthwhileD It is the chief cause of family disputes63. What does the author mean by saying “money is known⋯to bring a relationship to its knees ”(Line 1 Para.2)?A Money is considered to be the root of all evilsB Some people sacrifice their dignity for moneyC Few people can resist the temptation of moneyD Disputes over money may ruin a relationship64. The YouGov poll of 2000 people indicates that in a recession _________________.A conflicts between couples tend to riseB it is more expensive for couples to split upC couples show more concern for each otherD divorce and separation rates increase65. What does Kim Stephenson believe?A Money is often a symbol of a person ’s statusB Money means a great deal to both men and womenC Men and women spend money on different thingsD Men and women view money in different ways66. The author suggests at the end of the passage thatcouples should ________________A put their money together instead of keeping itseparatelyB make efforts to reach agreement on their familybudgetsC discuss money matters to maintain a healthyrelationshipD avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic参考答案57. C) encourage boys to express their emotions morefreely58. A) perform relatively better59. C) It fails to give boys the attention they need 。
2019年英语四级阅读考试练习题-精选word文档 (3页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==英语四级阅读考试练习题英语四级考试是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。
考试的主要对象是根据教育大纲修完大学英语四级的在校大学本科生或研究生。
下面是小编分享的英语四级阅读考试练习题，一起来看一下吧。
Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to i mprove a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach whichtrains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.Q:1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .A. one’s familiarity with the textB. one’s purpose in readingC. the length of a group of wordsD. lighting and tiredness2. The author may believe that reading ______.A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB. requires a reader to see words more quicklyC. demands an deeply-participating mindD. demands more mind than eyes3 What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and qui te another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve boththe ability to see and to comprehend words.C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job toimprove one’s ability to see words.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.。
2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析(卷三新东方版)
2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析（卷三新东方版） 2019年6月英语四级阅读答案及解析（卷三新东方版）选词填空部分历来被看作是阅读部分中最难的一部分，但是并没有同学们想象的那样高不可攀，因为如果大家研读过考纲就会发现，该部分考查词汇的侧重点不在单词意思本身，而在词性的考查，考查语法的重点也不是什么高难度的句型和语法，而在实词成分的判定。
而这两部分都是大家能够提前准备的，也是南京新东方老师们课堂上已经给大家总结好的。
只要大家按照课上所讲的答题步骤和技巧去练习，严格控制答题时间，该部分拿个不错的分数也不是很难。
下面我们先回顾一下课我们课堂上所讲的选词填空的解题步骤吧。
解题步骤真题解析Physical activity does the body goodand there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlandsreport that children who get more exercise,whether at school or on their own,_26_to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a_27__of 14 studiesthat looked at physical activity and academic _28_, investigators found thatthe more children moved, the better their grades were in schools,__29_in the basic subjects of math, Englishand reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schoolsstruggleto _30_on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in theU.S __31_in recent years, some administrators believestudents need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be _32_ exclusive . Physical activity can improve blood _33__to the brain, fueling memory, attentionand creativity , which are _34__to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve __35__and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising thei r bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.A )attendance B)consequently C) currentD)depressingE)dropping F)essential G)feasible H)flow I)moodJ)mutually K)particularly L)performance M)reviewN)survive O)tend答案速查：26.O）tend27.M) review28.L) performance29.K)particularly30.N)survive31.E)dropping32.J)mutually33.H)flow34.F)essential35.I)mood题目详解：首先，我们读下首段首句。
2019年6月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案
2019年6月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案2012年6月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案Section ADirections： In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word for eachblank from a list of choices given in a ward bank Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each them on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage,One in six. Believe it or not, that’s the number of Americans who struggle with hanger To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30Days program, It’s asking 48 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuelthey need to 49 .It’s the kind of work that’s done every day at St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church in San Antonio, People who 50 atits front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren’t looking for God-they’re there for something to eat, St. Andrew’s runs a food pantry(食品堂)that 51 the city and several of the 52 towns. Janet Drane is its manager.In the wake of the 53 .the number of families in need offood assistance began to grow. It is 54 that 49 millionAmericans are unsure of where they will find their next mealWhat’s most surprising is that 36% of them live in 55 whereat least one adult is working.“It used to be that one jobwas all you needed.” says St. Andrew’s Drane.“The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they’re still right on the edge 56 .”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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2019英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)
Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real： a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This
attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures： In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner."
The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined： speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker
at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact： if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or wild terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses： there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.
1. The author is convinced that the eyes are .
A. of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideas
B. something through which one can see a person's inner world
C. of considerable significance in making conversations interesting
D. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate
2. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person .
A. whose front view is fully perceived
B. whose face is covered with a mask
C. whose face is seen from the side
D. whose face is free of any covering。