英语总结的写法SUMMARY__WRITING
高中英语写作课-Summary_Writing
高中英语写作课Summary Writing教学设计教材分析：“读写任务”是高考的重要题型，它要求学生通过阅读材料，获取信息并概括要点，在此基础上，写出自己的内容。
这就要求学生具备较强的概括水平。
虽然学生已经非常熟悉这种题型，但很多同学在概括文章要点时还存有一定的困难。
学情分析:高三的学生在英语语言知识和英语写作技能方面已经有了一定的基础，他们对如何写摘要都有一定的理解。
1．根据教育心里学的观点, 不同年龄阶段的学生具有自身特有的心理活动, 教学要根据学生的年龄特征以获取更好的效果. 高三的学生大多18、19岁,其个体思维的发展正处于初步成熟期，他们在学习行为上表现更主动。
在学习策略上，他们：1) 会积极探索适合自己的英语学习方法2) 会通过不同信息渠道获取所需信息3）遇到实际困难时，会有效地寻求协助2．高三（3）班是一个理科班，学生有重理轻文的倾向，在用英语实行交际时还存有一定的困难，局部学生可能在完成任务的过程中会遇到一些困难。
教学目标：1．［语言知识目标］写摘要的三个步骤：（1）阅读；（2）写作；（3）修改成文。
2．［技能和策略目标］阅读时找主题句和四个写摘要的微技能3．［水平、情感、态度目标］培养学生的书面表达水平；培养学生合作精神和竞争的意识。
设计理念：1．以探究式教学理论为依据，采取“任务型”教学模式（task—based model），让学生在教师的指导下，通过感知、体验、实践、参与、合作和竞争等方式, 实现任务目标，感受成功.2．渗透主体性合作式学习理念，发挥学生的主体性和教师的指导性作用，让学生在一个轻松、愉快、民主的气氛中获取英语知识和培养英语使用水平。
教学媒体：本节课采取了传统和现代相结合的教学手段，既使用了黑板和粉笔，又使用了电脑制作了多媒体课件。
教学方法设计：合作探究法：个人、2人或4人小组为单位，参与英语的各项交际活动。
教学过程设计及简要分析：Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Lead-in :Task 1: Students read and pick out the topic sentence.----finished by students aloneMaterial One: Reading —Topic sentencePassage 1A terrible earthquake broke out in Istanbul, the capital of Turkey, on the early morning of September 14, 2006, at 4 o’clock. As most people were still in deep sleep when the earthquake was happening, all the people were in a panic, which led to a disastrous result—about 200 people were killed in the earthquake, and many more were seriously injured, with hundreds of thousands homeless. The local government is organizing the rescue and the international aid has also come from many countries, including China.Which of the following is the topic sentence?1 A terrible earthquake broke out in Istanbul.2About 200 people were killed in the earthquake.3The international aid has also come from many countries, including China.4All the people were in a panic during the earthquake.Passage 2Years ago it was very difficult to travel from one place to another. The journeys were often long, tiring and dangerous. Today the picture has changed.. There are first-class ships and airplanes to take people where their dreams lie, whether within one’s country or abroad. Traveling has become safer, more enjoyable and above all, more economical. So we can say transportation has been improved a great deal.Which of the following is the topic sentence?5Years ago it was very difficult to travel from one place to another.6Today the picture has changed.7Transportation has been improved a great deal.8Traveling has become safer, more enjoyable and above all, more economical. Step 2 Instruction and DrillingTask 2: 1) Students reflect and summarize how to write a summary.----finished by students alone or in pairsPoint out four skills of summary writing.2) Students do some exercises.----finished by students first individually then in pairsMaterial Two: RewritingRewrite the following sentences ------- (each with one sentence).1. Kate looked at Paul and said angrily, “You put too much salt on your food.”_________________________________________________________________ ______2.She bought a lot of vegetables such as cabbage, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes,potatoes and some eggs. She intended to invite all his friends for her birthday party at the weekend._________________________________________________________________ ______3.Nowadays more and more teenagers try to be more independent from theirparents and sometimes become very rebellious. They always want to wear long and strange hair style, which their parents complain about a lot. They also spend too much time on the Internet and playing computer games._________________________________________________________________ ______Step 3 ConsolidationTask 3: Students use the skills acquired from the above and fill in the blanks. Material 3 Summary1. Read the following passage and fill in the blanks.It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell, but she was fast asleep. So I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window. I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said, “I don’t think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.” I looked down and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, “I enjoy cleaning windows at night.”“So do I,” answered the policeman in the same tone. “Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when he’s busy working, but would you mind coming with me to the station?”“Well, I’d prefer to stay here,” I said. “You see, I’ve forgotten my key.”“You what?” he called.“My key,” I shouted.Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me.Summary:On arriving home early in the morning, the writer failed to ______________________________ by ringing the doorbell. He tried to _________________________________, but was found by ___________________. Soon his shouting woke his wife.Task 4: Students write a summary alone with about 30 words .2. Write a summary with about 30 words.Advertising can be a service to customers. This is true when ads give reliable information about the goods advertised. Such information is needed if the customer is to make a wise choice when he buys something. It is useful because it can help the customer know more about the kinds of goods available in the shops.However, some ads are not very useful to the customers. Instead of helping the customer to satisfy his real needs, they set out to make him want unnecessary things by doing ads cleverly. They set out to make us believe what they advertise will make us cleverer, prettier, more handsome, if only we use it. For example, the voice on TV says, “By using our SKII, it makes your skin crystal” The screen shows a series of pictures in which a famous actress not only has her skin whitened but also has her pronounced wrinkles silkily smoothed. Some ladies with dark skin will be persuaded to choose that cosmetic（化妆品）.Task 5: Check it in a group of four.Step 4 AssignmentWrite a summary on Page 186.Reflection(反思)：本节课遵循循序渐进，螺旋式推动课堂教学的原则，对课题“Writing a summary”实行教学。
英语作文summary模板及句型
英语作文summary模板及句型英文回答：Summary Writing Template:Introduction:Begin with a hook sentence that captures the reader's attention.State the main argument or purpose of the original text.Provide a brief overview of the text's structure and organization.Body Paragraphs:For each main point in the original text, create a separate body paragraph.Start with a topic sentence that clearly states the main point.Support the topic sentence with evidence and analysis from the original text.Use specific examples, quotations, or paraphrases to demonstrate the author's arguments.Provide transitions between paragraphs to maintain coherence.Conclusion:Summarize the main points of the original text.Restate the main argument or purpose of the text.Conclude with a final thought or reflection on the significance of the original text.Phrases for Summarizing:To introduce the original text:The author argues that...The text examines...The central idea of the text is...To state main points:The first main point is...Another important point made by the author is...A key argument presented in the text is...To provide evidence:For instance, the author writes...As evidence, the text provides...The author illustrates this point with the example of...To conclude:In conclusion, the text argues that...The author's main point is...The text effectively demonstrates...中文回答：摘要写作模板：引言：以吸引读者注意力的主题句开头。
summary 总结
如何写一篇英语文章的summarysummary是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。
它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。
摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。
另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。
这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。
因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。
下面谈谈怎么写好英文摘要。
1）细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。
2）弄清要求。
搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。
分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。
在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。
将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。
在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例。
摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。
要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。
（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。
它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。
新高考英语作文新题型(summary writing)
2019级高一英语学案新高考英语作文新题型——概要写作一. 概要写作题型特点概要写作（summary），《牛津高阶英语词典》（第8 版）对它的定义如下:“A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something not the details”。
也就是要求考生在整体把握原文的前提下，用自己简洁、精练的语言，对原文的主旨大意进行高度的浓缩，写出一篇语义连贯的短文，也可称之为摘要。
这一题型一方面考查学生通过阅读获取文章主旨大意和关键词的能力，另一方面也考查学生的写作能力即用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
从《考试说明》上对概要写作的评分原则以及各档次的给分范围和要求的规定中，我们可以发现概要写作有以下特点：客观性：概要写作其实是一种客观的复述，在正确理解原文的基础上，用自己的语言忠实地再现作者的思想，写作内容要全面，既不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容；写作时要尽可能避免使用原文中的字句。
考生应通过释义的方式，用自己的语言呈现原文主要内容。
需要注意的是，考生不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe”, “I think”等字句。
简洁性：简洁是概要写作的一个显著特点。
概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除原文中的细节减少例证，简化描述内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。
连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。
写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。
写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
二. 评分原则《考试说明》中关于概要的评分原则中第一条：本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分；评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
概要写作英语作文
概要写作英语作文English:Summary writing is a concise form of writing that aims to capture the main points of a longer piece of text, such as an article, essay, or report. It involves identifying the key ideas, arguments, and supporting details and presenting them in a condensed form while retaining the essence of the original content. To effectively summarize a text, one must first carefully read and understand the material, identifying the central themes and important information. Then, it's crucial to select the most relevant points and organize them logically to ensure coherence and clarity in the summary. While paraphrasing is essential to convey the information in one's own words, it's equally important to avoid distorting the original meaning or omitting crucial details. Additionally, summarizing requires the writer to exercise critical thinking skills to discern the significance of each point and prioritize them accordingly. The ultimate goal of summary writing is to provide readers with a concise overview of the text's main ideas and arguments, enabling them to grasp the content quickly and efficiently. By mastering the art of summary writing, individuals can enhance their reading comprehension skills, improvetheir ability to extract essential information from complex texts, and communicate effectively in various academic and professional contexts.中文翻译:概要写作是一种简洁的写作形式，旨在捕捉长篇文本（如文章、论文或报告）的主要要点。
新高考英语作文新题型(summary writing)
2019级高一英语学案新高考英语作文新题型——概要写作一. 概要写作题型特点概要写作（summary），《牛津高阶英语词典》（第8 版）对它的定义如下:“A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something not the details”。
也就是要求考生在整体把握原文的前提下，用自己简洁、精练的语言，对原文的主旨大意进行高度的浓缩，写出一篇语义连贯的短文，也可称之为摘要。
这一题型一方面考查学生通过阅读获取文章主旨大意和关键词的能力，另一方面也考查学生的写作能力即用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
从《考试说明》上对概要写作的评分原则以及各档次的给分范围和要求的规定中，我们可以发现概要写作有以下特点：客观性：概要写作其实是一种客观的复述，在正确理解原文的基础上，用自己的语言忠实地再现作者的思想，写作内容要全面，既不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容；写作时要尽可能避免使用原文中的字句。
考生应通过释义的方式，用自己的语言呈现原文主要内容。
需要注意的是，考生不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe”, “I think”等字句。
简洁性：简洁是概要写作的一个显著特点。
概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除原文中的细节减少例证，简化描述内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。
连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。
写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。
写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
二. 评分原则《考试说明》中关于概要的评分原则中第一条：本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分；评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
summary_writing总结写法
the teachers were afraid of Barry because of his size and
behavior. The students though really liked Barry because he
was a good athlete and storyteller. It seemed that Barry was
Help finding problems? 19
(Body, paragraph 2)
One year, he got a new student in his class that nobody
else wanted because he was difficult and uncooperative. All
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What to include in the introduction
Title of the reading
If it is an article, essay, or short story place the title in quotes.
If it is a book, underline the title.
Teachers use summary writing to test your understanding of reading material.
Summary writing helps you comprehend information as you attempt to pull out just the essential information from a reading.
Think of yourself as a reporter, not an interpreter!
怎么用英语写工作总结
怎么用英语写工作总结How to Write a Work Summary in English。
Writing a work summary is an important skill that can help you communicate your achievements and contributions in a clear and concise manner. Whether you are preparing for a performance review, updating your resume, or simply reflecting on your professional growth, a well-written work summary can showcase your skills and accomplishments. Here are some tips on how to write a work summary in English.1. Start with a brief introduction。
Begin your work summary with a brief introduction that includes your job title, the company you work for, and the time period you are summarizing. This will provide context for the reader and help them understand the scope of your work.2. Highlight your key responsibilities。
Next, outline your key responsibilities and duties in your role. This can include any specific projects or tasks that you were responsible for, as well as any leadership or management responsibilities.3. Showcase your achievements。
高二英语文本 概要写作Summary Writing
Summary Writing---阅读与构思阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
①It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. ②Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus (校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. ③It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. ④But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.①There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. ②In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!①If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. ②It can save y ou a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.①Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. ②It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! ③You can register for its online college fair at . ④While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.【Learning objectives】After class, you will be able to1）locate the key points with the help of the transitional words(过渡词).2）work out the outline of the passage.3）learn to sum up based on understanding and tips.【Learning procedure】Step1: Reading for general information.1. This passage is _____A. Narrative - tells a story based on real or imaginary experiences.B. Expository - explains or conveys information.C. Persuasive- tries to convince the reader to agree with an opinion or to take action.2. Structure? A. general—specific B. specific---general3. Topic of the passage? __________________________________________________Step3：Reading for points[para.1]_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [para.2]_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [para.3]_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [para.4]_________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。
summary writing 概要写作
1. Weight loss is most likely to be successful when people change their habits. Here are several ways to make that happen. 2. Regular physical activity burns calories and builds muscles ---both of which help you look and feel good and keep weight off. Walking the family dog, cycling to school, and doing other things that increase your daily level of activity can all make a difference. 3.One reason people get less exercise these days is because of an increase in “screen time”--- the amount of time spent watching TV, looking at the computer, or playing video games. Limit recreational screen time to less than 2 hours per day. When you really get away from “screens”, such as TV, computers, IPad or mobile phones, you will really benefit a lot. 4P. ortion sizes are bigger than they used to be, and these extra calories contribute to obesity. Another key factor in weight gain is that more people drink sugary drinks, such as sodas, juice drinks, and sports drinks. So choose smaller portions (or share restaurant portions) and go for water or low-fat mild instead of soda. 5.People who skip breakfast often feel so hungry that they eat more later on. So they get more calories than they would have if they ate breakfast. In fact, people who skip breakfast tend to have higher BIMs than people who eat breakfast. 6I.f you really put the above into practice at once, you will definitely reduce your weight gradually. And wish you have a good figure.
研究生英语考试文章总结summary writing如何写
❖ ►3. Write One-Sentence summaries. ❖ - Write a one-sentence summary for each segment of thought on a
separate sheet of paper.
❖ ►4. write supporting ideas ❖ - Cover all of the author’s major supporting ideas.
❖ Discriminatory inheritance, property ownership and limited access to agricultural support systems render women unable to ensure food safety, soil conservation and land sustainability.
❖ To begin with, environmental deterioration like deforestation reduces biomass energy dramatically, sending poor women to collect wood fuel for long hours instead of studying or working, perpetuating their poverty.
❖ - It comprises two parts: ❖ a) the topic or general subject matter of the text ❖ b) the author’s major assertion, comment, or position on
the topic.
summary_writing总结写法 PPT
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Checking your summary
Read it out loud closely. Do you have at least three paragraphs? Examine each part (introduction, body, and
conclusion) using the criteria for writing a good summary as a checklist. Spell check and proof read your summary. Make sure your information is accurate!
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Benefits of summary writing
Remember that summary writing:
helps you understand and remember information. improves your writing skills.
Remember that a good summary:
Include specific details as needed to get the author’s points across.
Paraphrase the information while
maintaining the author’s tone and
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attitude as much as possible.
Teachers use summary writing to test your understanding of reading material.
Summary writing helps you comprehend information as you attempt to pull out just the essential information from a reading.
英文简短的summary范文
英文简短的summary范文1.英文写作中的summary应该怎么写首先Summary的写作应该分为以下6步：①分段阅读首先，我们需要对整篇文章浏览一次，根据文中的标题、副标题等分段阅读。
②重读主动阅读文章，并把主题句、关键句以及对写作summary 有用的信息标记出来。
③概括在明确了每个分段的中心思想之后，用一句话概括出来。
注意：句中只需要关键点，不需要进行细节性的描述。
④主旨主旨句是一篇摘要的关键点，读者可从中获知整篇文章所要表达的内容。
因此，一定要写好主旨句。
⑤写summary 在写summary的时候一定要注意：在summary中需要写原作者和作品的名称，且要用现在时去写作，尽量避免使用原文内容。
除此之外，摘要的写作目的在于准确表达作者的观点，所以一定不可以添加自己的观点在里边。
⑥检查并修改在summary完成之后需要检查我们是否准确的将作者的观点表达出来了，如果没有问题的话，也还是需要从个事、语法以及标点等方面进行一次检查。
下边BayDue给大家分享一篇summary写作范文：Why do some animals die out?In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods.As they spread over the land,they destroy animals’homes.If the animals can’t find a place tolive,they die out.Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason.Other animals,such as the Florida Key deer,may soon die out because they are losing their homes.Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct,too.In the last century,hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalos.Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves.Pollution is killing many animals today,too.As rivers become polluted,fish are poisoned.Many die.Birds that eat the poisoned fish can’t lay strong,healthy eggs.New birds aren’t born.So far,no animals have become extinct because of pollution.But some,such as the bald eagle and the brown pelican,have become rare and may die out.Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate.The places where they live become hotter or cooler,drier or wetter.The food that they eat cannot grow there any more.If the animals can’t learn to eat something else,they die.Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason.Summary:In the past two hundred years,many kinds of animals have died out.There are several reasons for it.First,people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods,which destroys animals’homes.Then,hunters’killing has also caused some animals to become extinct.Besides,some a nimals aren’t able to bear strong offspring and nor do they have enough food to eat because of pollution and climatic changes.。
上海高考英语-概要写作summary_writing
anything, he first gave him a lot of money and then he sat down and took off his leather gloves, beautiful black leather shoes and his black dress socks． Then he handed them to the homeless man．The homeless man took them and stared at him with an open mouth．
man I do not know personally but whose actions gave a new meaning to the words — kind and generous．
I was walking down a busy street on a cold, windy day in early winter. A
Summary Writing
1. 确定文体 the types of the passage
types
key information
记叙文 人物+时间+地点+事件（起因 narration +经过+结果）
描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象
√ 说明文
+性质功用+利好”； 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。
6. 主动句和被动句互换
Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.
summary writing方法(一)
summary writing方法(一)Summary Writing 方法什么是 Summary WritingSummary Writing 是一种提炼和总结文章或段落中主要观点和信息的技巧。
它可以帮助读者更快地理解、消化和记忆大量的信息。
创作者可以通过使用不同的方法来编写摘要，以满足不同的需求和情况。
方法一：删除不必要的细节•检查原始文本中的每个段落和句子。
•删除引述、例子和细节，只保留最重要的观点和信息。
•注意保留文章或段落的逻辑结构和关键连接词，以确保逻辑连贯性。
方法二：寻找关键句子•仔细阅读原始文本。
•找到每个段落中的主题句，即概括整个段落的句子。
•使用这些主题句子作为摘要的基础，展示文章或段落的主旨。
方法三：提炼关键词汇•阅读原始文本时注意关键词。
•确定每个段落或句子中的关键词汇，这些词汇是文章或段落的核心。
•使用这些关键词汇来编写一个简洁而全面的摘要。
方法四：使用摘要句•阅读原始文本并找出每个段落的摘要句，即概括整个段落的句子。
•将这些摘要句组合成一个连贯的摘要段落或文章。
方法五：段落对比法•阅读原始文本的每个段落。
•将每个段落的主题和观点与前后段落进行比较。
•编写一段关于段落之间异同点的摘要，突出每个段落的独特性。
方法六：综合多种方法•通过综合以上所述的方法，在编写摘要时灵活运用每一种方法。
•根据需要使用删除不必要细节、寻找关键句子、提炼关键词汇、使用摘要句或段落对比法等方法。
总结Summary Writing 是一种提炼和总结信息的重要技巧。
无论是删除细节、寻找关键句子、提炼关键词汇、使用摘要句或段落对比法，每个方法都有自己的优势和适用场景。
作为资深的创作者，掌握多种方法并根据需要灵活运用，将能够更有效地编写出准确、简洁、具有逻辑连贯性的摘要。
summary_writing总结写法
05
CATALOGUE
总结写法的应用场景
工作报告
汇报工作成果
通过总结写法，将工作成果以简 明扼要的方式呈现出来，便于领 导或同事快速了解工作进展和成 果。
梳理工作流程
将工作过程中的重要环节和关键 步骤进行总结，有助于回顾和反 思工作过程中的问题和不足，为 后续工作提供改进方向。
提炼经验教训
总结在工作中获得的经验教训， 可以为个人和团队提供宝贵的参 考，避免犯同样的错误，提高工 作效率和质量。
促进交流与沟通
清晰、有条理的总结有助于与 团队成员、上级或客户进行有 效沟通，达成共识。
提升个人与团队能力
通过撰写总结，可以锻炼个人 的归纳、分析和表达能力，同 时也有助于团队经验的积累和
分享。
02
CATALOGUE
总结写法的基本原则
简明扼要
01
02
03
精炼文字
使用简练、明确的语言表 达，避免冗长和复杂的句 子结构。
撰写总结
明确总结目的
明确总结的目的，如汇报工作进展、分享经 验教训等。
确定总结结构
根据总结目的和关键点，确定总结的结构， 如总分总、列表式等。
编写总结内容
按照总结结构，编写总结内容，注意言简意 赅、重点突出。
校对修改
对编写的总结进行校对修改，确保内容准确 、语言流畅。
04
CATALOGUE
总结写法的技巧
去除冗余
删除重复或不必要的信息 ，只保留核心内容。
提炼关键信息
从大量信息中提炼出最重 要的点，以便读者快速理 解。
逻辑清晰
结构分明
01
确保总结有明确的开头、中间和结尾，呈现完整的思维过程。
使用逻辑连接词
高考英语概要写作summary-writing
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One possible version:
People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点 4)
Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
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• d. You are not being asked to imitate the author whom you are writing about. On the contrary, you are expected to maintain your own voice throughout the summary. Don't simply quote the author; instead use your own words to express your own understanding of what you have read. After all, your summary is based on your interpretation of the writer's points or ideas. However, you should be careful not to create any misrepresentation（n.误传, 误说）or distortion(扭曲 )by introducing comments or criticisms of your own.
• •Formulate a single sentence to summarize the whole text, looking at the author's thesis or topic sentences as a guide. • • Write a paragraph (or more): begin with the overall summary sentence and follow it with the section summary sentences.
• Rewrite and rearrange your paragraph(s) as needed to make your writing clear and concise, to eliminate relatively minor or repetitious points, and to provide transitions. Make sure your summary includes all the major supporting points of each idea. The final version should be a unified, complete, and coherent whole.
• 摘要题型写作要点： • ① 动笔之前，一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄 懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。 • ② 摘要的长度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一， 考试时应遵守规定的字数限制。 • ③ 在做摘要时考生切忌照搬原文。 • ④ 摘要应与原文的观点保持一致，并且仍按原文的 逻辑顺序排列。 • ⑤ 重点反映主要观点，删除细节。 • ⑥ 简化从句，用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。 • ⑦ 检查与修改时，重点检查是否遗漏了原文的要点 或包含了细节。
• How to summarize? • •Outline the text. Break it down into its major sections--groups of paragraphs focused on a common topics--and list the main supporting points for each section. • •Write a one or two sentence summary of each section.
• What is a good summary? • •A summary must be comprehensive（全 面） • •A summary must be concise（简练） • •A summary must be coherent（连贯） • •A summary must be independent（独立）
• c. It should make sense as a piece of writing in its own right; it should not merely be taken directly from your list of notes or sound like a list of sentences that are strung together in paragraph or essay format. •
Sample
• • Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words. We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled（复杂） and evasive（逃避） attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology. We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it; it is an indelicacy（粗俗）, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days. Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather; we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear. It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles. At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one’s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable. We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away. We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.
• b. Eliminate repetitions in your list, even if the author restates the same points. Your summary should be considerably shorter than the source. You are hoping to create an overview; therefore, you need not include every repetition of a point or every supporting detail.
• Why should we summarize? • •An important writing skill: to summarize your own research work • •A valuable learning tool: to pick out the most essential idea of the work of someone else
• a. You should isolate all the important points in the original passage and note them down in a list. Review all the ideas on your list, and include in your summary all the ones that are indispensable to（ be indispensable to 必需)the author's development of his/her thesis (or main point). •