构词法练习及其答案

高考能力测试构词法Word Formation

一．合成Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。

(4)合成adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever

(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself,

something, anything, （6）合成介词inside在……里二、派生Derivation

三、转化 Conversion : 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。

1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone 电话—打电话, mirror 镜

子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study,

2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect 完美的——使完善

3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的

4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领

训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness

2.The soldier died for saving the child ，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death

3.The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad

4.He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________. A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician

5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged

6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership

7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem ，Jack looked_______about at his classmates.

A.proud

B.proudly

C.pride

D. pridely

8.To everyone ’s ________, the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh ，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write______ _passage in English? A.600 words ；a 600-words B.600-word ；a 600-words

C.600 words ；a 600-word

D.600 words ；a 600-words

10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence

11You must come with us to the police _______.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache 12.Letting that animal escape was no accident ；you did it ________.A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional 13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced 14.The_______ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement

15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War? tely test ter tter 16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.length C.long D.longing 17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness

18.Canada is mainly an________country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________.

A.foolish ；foolishly ；fool

B.fool ；foolish ；fool

C.foolish ；fool ；fool

D.foolishly ；foolish ；fool

20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great ________. A.valuable B.value C.valueless D.unvaluable