英国文学和翻译答案

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英国文学课后答案

英国文学课后答案

英国⽂学课后答案Keys to the ExercisesUnit 1 Ideal WorldKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) F (8) T (9) T (10) F Language Focus1. (1) feigned (2) adopt (3) allotted (4) discretion (5) apprehend(6) languish (7) hinder (8) upright (9) commend (10) undermine2.(1) inexperienced (2) idleness (3) inclination (4) mischief (5) scarcity (6) pursuit (7) beneficial (8) diligence (9) virtuous (10) curiosity3.(1) wore out (2) passed down (3) for show (4) see to (5) as it were (6) take up (7) marked out (8) as though (9) went about (10) given rise to4. (1) by, by (2) by (3) to (4) with (5) on (6) on, with (7) between, against (8) from, for (9) up, for (10) in, to5. (1) prefer—prefers; commend—commended(2) beggar—beggars; feign—feigning(3) (those+) that; by the money—by money(4) is—are; marking—marked(5) anything—nothing; so—suchComprehensive Work2. Euthanasia, slavery, married priest, private ownership, easy divorceText B Innisfree1. (1) arise (2) cabin (3) peace (4) Midnight (5) glow(6) lake (7) shore (8) pavements (9) within (10) coreUnit 2 Picaresque AdventureBefore You Read2.f d g a c b eKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) F (6) T (7) F (8) TLanguage Focus1.(1) solaced (2) reprieve (3) resolved (4) abating (5) afflict (6) deliver (7) fury (8) strangle (9) contending (10) bruised2. (1) f (2) h (3) d (4)i (5) g (6) a (7) c (8) j (9) b (10) e3. (1) from, on (2) after, with (3) to, with (4) up, as (5) To, up, from (6) up, in, (7) before, with (8) into, for (9) in, with, on (10) on, for5. (1) me—myself; can—could(2) rise—rising; shooting—shoot(3) Has—Had; have strangled—have been strangled(4) stranding—stranded; be—being(5) came—coming; at the night—at nightComprehensive work1.(1) desolate (2) mutinous (3) embellished (4) imagination(5) picaresque (6) picaro (7) accumulating (8) journalistic(9) bourgeois (10) moral (11) prosperity (12) colonialismText B1.(1) shipwreck (2) tiny (3) inhabitants (4) Lilliput (5) behaviour (6) favourite (7) permission (8) subjects (9) stealing (10) province (11) treason (12) blinded (13) friend (14) abandoned (15) passingUnit 3 Budding LoveBefore You Read2. c a f d g h b e3. c a b e dKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) F (3) T (4) T (5) T3. (1) betrayal (2) yields (3) sin (4) morality (5) narrative(6) struggles (7) reality (8) dates (9) relations (10) mistreatsLanguage Focus1.(1) conferred (2) ethereal (3) singular (4) ephemeral (5) remnants(6) crave (7) preliminary (8) cramp (9) deem (10) physique2. (1) preoccupation (2) visionary (3) pervasive (4) luminous (5) condensation(6) horizontal (7) moisture (8) prevailing (9) radiance (10) stratum3. (1) a (2) a (3) b (4) b (5) a4. (1) forth, into, out (2) down, to (3) with, than (4) than, up, in(5) with (6) in, in, within (7) in, above, upon (8) at(9) through, on, on (10) againstText B1. (1)T (2) F (3) F (4) T (5) TUnit 4 Personal ChoiceKnowledge Focus2. e a d b c f3. (1) Rochester (2) disconsolate (3) approaches (4) tray(5) realizes (6) spirit (7) previous (8) specterLanguage Focus1.(1) snatched (2) nestles (3) piquant (4) frenzy (5) prompted(6) entwined (7) corpse (8) groped (9) unwittingly (10) outcasts2. (1) delusion (2) perceptible (3) mockery (4) pining (5) animated (6) inconsiderate (7) proposal (8) consolation (9) famished(10) unconventional3. (1) buoy…up (2) to that effect (3) relapsed… into (4) claim…as(5) took vengeance on (6) wait on (7) withdrawn…from (8) make sacrifice for(9) clasp…to (10) relieve…fromUnit 5 Glamorous WomenKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) T (5) F(6) T (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TLanguage Focus1.(1) exhilarated (2) speculated (3) facetious (4) clamber (5) indifferent(6) aggrieved (7) grumble (8) scrambled (9) flushed (10) panic2.(1) competence (2) envious (3) virtuous (4) apologetic (5) pleasantries(6) indulgence (7) excitement (8) fury (9) righteousness (10) indignation 3.(1) for (2) along (3) behind (4) up (5) of(6) with (7) to (8) of; about (9) from (10) up, forText B1. (1) T (2) F (3) T (4) F (5) T(6) F (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TUnit 6 Incredible ScienceKnowledge Focus1.(1)Shelley has used a …dreary night? instead of the typical thunderstorm to make aneerie atmosphere.(2)She uses very descriptive words that make the surroundings more eerie. E.g.glimmer of the half-extinguished light, rain pattering dismally, etc.(3)As amazed he is by his creation, Victor sees it as a monster. He?s disappointed andpossibly even scared about how his creation will turn out. This is evident when he describes his monster as a …catastrophe?.(4)Fear is provoked well when Shelley describes the monster in detail by explaininghow …His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath;his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness?. By describing such horrific features it creates the image of a deformed monster with ghastly features just thrown together.(5)By describing the monsters ghastly features but then mentioning how straight andsleek his hair is, it creates juxtaposition. With such an evil face but such perfect teeth and hair, it becomes quite scary. (6)Victor feels regretful because his monster turned out such a disaster instead of thebeautiful being he set out to create.(7)Victor dreamt of his fiancéElizabeth. As he finally embraces her, her featuresbecome lifeless and she appears to be dead. She suddenly turns into Victors mother, then worms appear.(8)Shelley quoted Coleridge?s “Ancient Mariner” to create frightful atmosphere.(9)Henry Clerval. He nurses Victor.(10)Elizabeth. She is Victor?s adopted cousin and wife.2. c-f-a-g-d-i-e-h-bLanguage Focus1. (1) confined (2) exceed (3) traversed (4) incredulous (5) inarticulate (6) endeavor(7) comprises (8) revived (9) agitated (10) hideous2. (1) sufficient (2) Diligence (3) sensitiveness (4) occurrences (5) palpitation (6)employer (7) entreat (8) frightful (9) refugees (10) excessively3. (1) to (2) to (3) of (4) on (5) At (6) with (7) in (8) to (9) in (10) toText B1. (1)Time Traveller (2) Medical Man (3) Filby (4) narrator (5) Fourth (6) machine (7)Psychologist (8) lever (9) larger (10) time3. (1) incredulous (2) solemnly (3) intermittently (4) plausible (5) adroitlyUnit 7 Precious LifeKnowledge Focus2. (1) statue (2) column (3) Egypt (4) reed (5) alive (6) ruby(7) child (8) poor (9) dying (10) lead (11) melted (12) furnace3. (1) T (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) F (6) F (7) F (8) T (9) F (10) T4. (1) (4) (2) (6) (3) (5)Language Focus1. (1) commissions (2) mutter (3) plucked (4) coarse (5) gild(6) slumbered (7) listlessly (8) sculptured (9) flirting (10) drenched2. (1) proclamations (2) agility (3) beggars (4) feverishly (5) curiosity(6) messenger (7) overseer (8) companion (9) disrespect (10) embroidery 3.(1) by (2) in, with (3) in, with (4) off (5) in, of (6) off (7) to (8) over (9) away (10) atUnit 8 Proper ProfessionKnowledge Focus2. d-g-e-a-b-f-c3. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4)T (5) F (6) T (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TLanguage Focus1. (1) formidable (2) condemn (3) perpetual (4) tormented (5) befalls(6) induce (7) impeded (8) conciliate (9) encounter (10) acute2. (1) professional (2) regularity (3) reputable (4) sympathetic (5) morality (6) confusion (7) unconsciousness (8) assistance (9) charm (10) conventional3. (1) on (2) in/at (3) in (4) to (5) out of(6) away (7) with (8) into (9) through (10) outComprehensive Work2. (1) She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She was utterlyunselfish. (para 3.)(2) It is true that I am a woman; it is true I am employed; but what professionalexperiences have I had? (para. 1)(3) But what professional experiences have I had? (para. 1)(4) No demand was made upon the family purse. (para. 1)(5) I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon bread and butter, rent,shoes and stockings, or butcher?s bills, I went out and bought a cat…(para 2.) (6) In those days—the last of Queen Victoria—every house had its Angel. (para. 3) Text B2.(1)extravagant (2) decisive (3) pecuniary (4) distinguished (5) liberal 6) honorable(7) superior (8) tediousUnit 9 Aim of EducationKnowledge Focus2. (1) irony (2) three (3) childhood (4) hypocritical (5) statuettes(6) say (7) teenage (8) religious (9) solution (10) outstanding(11) far (12) questions3. (1) T (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) F (6) T (7) F (8) FLanguage Focus1. (1) contempt (2) exalted (3) conferred (4) heady (5) stampeded(6) contemplating (7) muscular (8) anguish (9) proficient(10) integrate2. (1) irresistible (2) satisfactorily (3) oratory (4) integration (5) acquaintance (6)conversion (7) hypocritical (8) justification (9) patriotism (10) contradictory3. (1) with (2) between (3) with, in (4) behind (5) for (6) on (7) for, but (8) out of (9)by (10) ForComprehensive Work2. (1) It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselesslytwisted toward a skirt. (Para. 28)(2) If we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. (Para32)(3) Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life,sexless and full of duty. (Para.23)(4) You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all theunnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning. (Para. 22 )(5) They all came tumbling down like so many rotten apples off a tree. (Para. 42)(6) He seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible springin his nape. (Para. 23)Text B2. (1) 读书⾜以怡情,⾜以傅彩,⾜以长才。

英国文学课文翻译

英国文学课文翻译

She walks in beauty第一诗节:首先描写夫人的步态。

“She walks in beauty, like the night of cloudless climes and starry skies”用头韵、明喻等手法,塑造了一个鲜明的艺术形象。

诗人把夫人的从容缓步与皎洁无云、满天繁星的夜晚相映衬,以浪漫主义笔触将这种美与大自然融为一体。

“Thus mellow’d to that tender light / Which heaven to gaudy day denies”描写夫人的仪容与秋波,她的美色泽柔和。

第二诗节:诗人继续围绕美的内涵,延伸美的意境。

“One shade the more, one ray the less/ Has half impair’d the nameless grace”对夫人的美做了高度赞美。

诗句中的“waves”和“lightens”,将抽象的美具体化。

美能飞舞在发上,在夫人的脸上放出光彩。

美便有了生命。

第三诗节:从夫人面颊的美深入到她内心的美。

“So soft, so calm, yet eloquent”生动地表现出夫人性情温柔沉静。

前四行赞美夫人的容颜、微笑等外在美;后两行表现的是夫人的本质美。

“A mind at peace with all below,/ A heart whose love is innocent”外在美与内在美完美结合。

She walks in beauty,like the night美人缓行如夜移, Of cloudless climes and starry skies;清空无云动繁星; And all that'best of dark and bright明丽晦深潜交影,Meet in her aspect and her eyes;凝妆娇容汇眸情;Thus mellow'd to that tender light融融月色柔极致,Which heaven to gaudy day denies耀目昼曦难相映.One shade the more,one ray the less,明暗一丝难增减,Had half impair'd the nameless grace莫明优雅易折失.Which waves in every raven tress,万缕金泽溢雅致,Or softly lightens o'er her face;芙蓉颜面泛灵滋; Where thoughts serenely sweet express适逸安恬若有思,How pure,how dear their dwelling-place.清纯高洁显心志.And on that cheek, and o'er that brow,秀颊柔美多沉静,So soft, so clam, yet eloquent柳眉动人语无声; The smiles that win, the tins that glow,迷人笑嫣光彩焕, But tell of days in goodness spent, 似隐似现年华生.A mind at peace with all below,人间万事平心待,A heart whose love is innocent!痴心一片仍天真.西风颂珀西·比西·雪莱哦,狂暴的西风,秋之生命的呼吸!你无形,但枯死的落叶被你横扫,有如鬼魅碰到了巫师,纷纷逃避:黄的,黑的,灰的,红得像患肺痨,呵,重染疫疠的一群:西风呵,是你以车驾把有翼的种子催送到黑暗的冬床上,它们就躺在那里,像是墓中的死穴,冰冷,深藏,低贱,直等到春天,你碧空的姊妹吹起她的喇叭,在沉睡的大地上响遍,(唤出嫩芽,像羊群一样,觅食空中)将色和香充满了山峰和平原。

《英国文学》题库及答案

《英国文学》题库及答案

《英国文学》题库及答案I.Choose the best to complete the following statements1.“O Wind/If winter comes,can spring be far behind?” The two lines are from _______.A. “To Autumn”B. “To a Nightingale”C. “Ode to the West Wind”D. “To a Skylark”2. “To be or not to be----that is the question” is taken from_______.A.HamletB.Romeo and JulietC.The Merchant of theVeniceD.Macbeth3. _______ is romantic love tragedy.A. Romeo and JulietB. MacbethC.The Merchant of the VeniceD. Hamlet4. Beowulf. is considered as _______.A. the best epic in English literatureB. the national epic of the Anglo-SaxonsC. the best narrative poem in English literatureD.the best romance5. In_____,Chaucer created a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society and a whole gallery of vivid characters.A.The Canterbury TalesB.The Romaunt of the RoseC.The Legend of Good WomenD.Troilus and Criseyde6. ___ marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world.A. Enlightenment MovementB. The Glorious RevolutionC. The RenaissanceD. Reformation7. _____is not a writer in the Renaissance.A .Francis BaconB .William Shakespeare C. John Milton D .Jonathan Swift8. __ is NOT the style of Bacon’s essays.A. brevityB. compactness C .powerfulness D .high-flowness9 ______ is generally accepted as an English epic besides Beowulf.A.Samson AgonistesB.Paradise LostC.Paradise RegainedD. “Lycidas”10.The Neo-classicism is markedly characterized by the emphisis of__________.A.realismB.didactic functionC.elegant styleD. lyricism11.____________ is not a picaresque novel.A. Great Expectations B Gulliver’s TravelsC. Robinson CrosueD. The Pilgrim’s Progress12. “Death, Be not Proud” is an Italian sonnet by____.A.ShakespeareB.John MiltonC.John DonneD. Drydon13. In Paradise Lost, Milton doesn’t refers God to____.A.KingB.FoeC.VictorD. Friend14._________ is not a Lake poet?A.SoutheyB.WordworthC.ShelleyD.Coleridge15. ____is a typical Byronic heroe.A.Don JuanB.ShelleyC. BeowulfD. Iliad16.He was the 1st important Romantic poet,showing a contempt for rationalism and bringingsomething fresh to British poetry.He is __.A .Wordsworth B.Blake C.Keats D.Coleridge17. “Did he smile his work to see? /Did he who made the Lamb make thee?”, the 2 lines are from___.A. “the Lamb”B. “The Tyger”C. “The Cheminey Sweeper”D. “The Sick Roes”18. In the above quoted lines, “the Lamb” refers to____.A .Nature B.Jesus Christ C.God D.Uncertain19. “The waves beside them danced; but they /Outdid the sparking waves in glee; ” here, “they ”refer to____.A. rosesB.voletsC.daffodilsD.girls20.The pleasure dome is described in ____.A. “Kubla Khan”B. “Christabel”C. “Frost at Midnight”D. “Dejection:An Ode”21.“Ode to the West Wind” is in____.A.abb bbcB.terza rimaC.aab bcbD.free verse22.In“Ode to the West Wind”, west wind is the biggest symbol; it symbolizes______.A. destroyer and preserverB.boundless freedomC.a lyreD.both A and B23. “Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard /Are sweeter;therefore,ye soft pipes,play on;”the 2 lines are from“Ode on a Grecian Urn”by _____.A. John KeatsB.William WordsworthC.ByronD.Sheelley24.The striking characteristic of the Victorian fiction lies in___.A.critical realismB.a return to rationalismC.naturalismD.an overall negation of society25.____is not a character created by Charles Dickens.A.Oliver TwistB.David CopperfieldC.PipD. Ishmael26. Tess is sandwiched between and murdered by two so-called gentlemen: one is Alec, and the other is ______.A. Angel ClareB. Alec’s brotherC. LouisD. Babalou27.Linguist Higgins appears in____.A.Widower’s HousesB. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. St. JoanD. Pygmalion28.In “Auld Lang Syne”, the poet is singing for ______.A.loveB.friendshipC.patriotismD.his mother29.In “The Rocking Horse Winner”, Lawrence attacks____.A.money-worshippingB.hypocricyC.industrialismmercialism30. “My Last Duchess” is a famous ______ by ______.A. love lyric; WordsworthB.dramatic monologue;TennysonC.dramatic monologue; BrowningD.tragedy; ShawII.Please explain the following terms briefly1. Neo-classicism:2.The Waste Land3. blank verse4.The Great Expectation 34.heroic couplet5. Shakespearean Sonnet6.Critical Realism7. dramatic monologueIII.Answer the following questions1.Why is Shakespeare great in the history of British literature?2.What does Wordsworth want to say in “I Wandered as A Lonely Cloud”?3.Please explain the theme of Tess of the D’Urbevilles.4. In what a way is Renaissance significant in the history of Europe?5. What does T.S. Eliot want to say in “The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock”?6. What does Wordsworth describe in “She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”?7. What is the major theme of the novels of Lawrence?8. What does Byron want to say in “She Walks in Beauty”?《英国文学》作业参考答案I.1.C2.A3.A4.B5.A6.C7.D8.D9.B 10.B11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.A21.B 22.D 23.A 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.CII.1. Neo-classicism is revival of interest in the old classical works.According to theneo-classicists,all forms of literature werw to be modeled after the classical works of Greek and Roman writers and those of the contemporary French ones.They believed that the artisical ideals should be judged in terms of its service to humanity.This belief led them to seek proption,unity,harmony and grace in literary expression.Thus a polite,urbane,witty and intellectual art developed.2. The Waste Land has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry,comparable to Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads. With bold technical innovations in versification and style,the poem not only presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation in the modern Western world, but also reflects the prevalent mood of disillusionment and despair of a whole post-war generation. The poem is about the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose. It is regarded as a reflection of the 20th century people’s disillusionment and frustration in a sterile and futile society.3. blank verse refers to unrhymed verse of iambic pentametre.4.Heroic couplet refers to two lines of iambic pentameter rhyming with each other.5. Sonnet is a lyric poem almost invariably of 14 lines and following one of several set rhyme-scheme There are 2 widely accepted rhyme-schemes:Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet and English (Shakespearean)sonnet.The former consists of a octave(abbaabba) and a sestet (cdecde,cdccdc or cdedce).The English is made up of 3 quatrains and an heroic couplet.It rhymes in ababcdcdefefgg.6. It is a literary movement in the 2nd half of the 19th century and the beginning decade of the 20th century as a reaction to Romanticism.The realists holds that literature should be faithful to and write about the possibilty of reality.They on one hand expose the social problems,on the other hand, try to find solutions to the problems.Most of them are democratic social reformers.7. Dramatic monologue refers to a lyrical poem which reveals “a soul in action” through the conversation of one character in a dramatic situation. The character is speaking to an identifiable but silent lis tener at the dramatic moment of the speaker’s life.III.1.William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is one of the most remarkable playwrightsand poets the world has ever known.With his 38 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems,he has established his giant position in world literature.The influence of Shakespeare upon British literature is hard to measure and it is not exegerated to say that all the writers after him have been influenced by him directly or indirectly.A. As a humanist, Shakepeare enthuiastically eulogizes humanity and writes in the spirit of Renaissance.He was against feudal tyranny ,religious persecution,racial discrimination,social inequality and the corrupting influence of money and gold.B. Shakespeare holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth,and should reflect nature and reality;he believes that only this kind of literature can reach immortality.C.Shakespeare is a great master of the English language2. This poem is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth’s poetic beliefs. In his eyes, nature is sublime and sacred and will exert a lasting influence upon a soul. The poem is a record of his sublime communion with nature .3. This novel is one of the best and most popular work by Hardy. It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country and destruction of the English peasantry towands the end of the century.Tess, as a pure woman, brought up with the traditional idea of womanly virtues, is abused and destroyed by both Alec and Angel, agents of the destructive force of the society. And the misery, the poverty and the heartfelt pain she suffers and her final tragedy give rise to a most bitter cry of protest and denunciation of the society.4. The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world.Generally ,it refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries.It first started in Italy,with the flowering of painting,sculpture and literature.From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.The Renaissance ,which means rebirth or revival,is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events,such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture,the new discovery in geography and astrology,the religious reformation and the economic expansion.The Renaissance,therefore,in essence ,is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe,to introduce new ideas that expressed the interest of the rising bourgeeoisie,and to recover the purity of early church from the corruption of Roman Catholic Church.5. The poem is Eliot’s most striking early achievement. It presents the meditation of an aging young man over the business of proposing marriage.The poem is in a form of dramatic monologue, suggesting an ironic contrast between a pretended “love song” and a confession of the speaker’s incapability facing up to love and to life in a sterile upper-class world. Prufrock, the protagonist of poem, is neurotic, self-important, illogical and incapable of action. He is a kind of tragic figure caught in asense of defeated idealism and tortured by unsatisfied desires. The poem is intensely anti-romantic with visual images of hard, gritty objects and evasive hellish atmosphere.6. (main points)He reveals his sympathy for the poor woman in rural area.7. In his novels he writes about the dehumanization brought about by the industrial civilization and he believes that individual’s psychological development lies in the sexual impulse—Life Force. Consequently, he frequently touches upon the sexual relationship between man and woman in most of hios novels.8. see textbook.。

新编英国文学选读下卷课文翻译整理

新编英国文学选读下卷课文翻译整理

William wordsworth(1)威斯敏斯特桥上有感大地从未展示过比这更美的景物:只有心灵麻木者才会默然走过,对如此壮丽动人的景色熟视无睹。

此刻的都市,如穿上盛装,批裹着清晨之美:宁静,寂寥,船,塔,穹顶,剧场和寺院一览无余,伸向田野,天宇,在明净的空气中熠熠闪亮出现的晨曦从未如此绚丽沐浴着幽谷,俊岸,山岗;我从未目睹,感觉如此深邃的静谧!河水缓缓流淌,悠然自得:上帝啊!每一幢房屋似乎都在酣睡;强大的心脏,静静而卧多安详!(2)独孤的割麦女看,一个孤独的高原姑娘在远远的田野间收割,一边割一边独自歌唱,——请你站住.或者俏悄走过!她独自把麦子割了又捆,唱出无限悲凉的歌声,屏息听吧!深广的谷地已被歌声涨满而漫溢!还从未有过夜莺百啭,唱出过如此迷人的歌,在沙漠中的绿荫间抚慰过疲惫的旅客;还从未有过杜鹃迎春,声声啼得如此震动灵魂,在遥远的赫布利底群岛打破过大海的寂寥。

她唱什么,谁能告诉我?忧伤的音符不断流涌,是把遥远的不聿诉说?是把古代的战争吟咏?也许她的歌比较卑谦,只是唱今日平凡的悲欢,只是唱自然的哀伤苦痛——昨天经受过,明天又将重逢?姑娘唱什么,我猜不着,她的歌如流水永无尽头;只见她一面唱一面干活,弯腰挥镰,操劳不休…… 我凝神不动,听她歌唱,然后,当我登上了山岗,尽管歌声早已不能听到,它却仍在我心头缭绕。

(3)我好似一朵孤独的流云我好似一片孤的流云我好似一片孤的流云,高高地飘荡在山谷之上,突然我看见一大片鲜花,是金色的水仙遍地开放,它们开在湖畔,开在树下,它们随风嬉舞,随风波荡。

它们密集如银河的星星,象群星在闪烁一片晶莹;它们沿着海湾向前伸展,通向远方仿佛无穷无尽;一眼望去就有千朵万朵,万花摇首舞得多么高兴。

粼粼湖波也在旁欢跳,却不知这水仙舞得欢俏;诗人遇见这快乐的伙伴,又怎能不感到欣喜雀跃;我久久凝视――却未能领悟,这景象所给我的精神至宝。

后来多少次我郁郁独卧,感到百无聊赖心灵空漠;这景色便在脑海中闪现,多少次安慰过我的寂寞。

英国文学段落翻译

英国文学段落翻译

1.And God blessed them: and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the heavens, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.神就赐福给他们、又对他们说、要生养众多、遍满地面、治理这地.也要管理海里的鱼、空中的鸟.和地上各样行动的活物。

2.But well says a certain author, No man is wise at all hours; it is therefore no wonder that a boy is not so. A difference arising at play between the two lads. Master Blifil called Tom a beggarly bastard. Upon which the latter, who was somewhat passionate in his disposition, immediately caused that phenomenon in the face of the former, which we have above remembered.但是,一个作家说得好,没有人在任何时候都是精明的;因此,并不奇怪,一个男孩也不尽如此。

这两个少年在玩耍时,出现了分歧。

博利菲尔少爷把汤姆称作是与乞丐一样的杂种。

一听到这个,在性情中略微有点冲动倾向的后者就会立即在前者的脸部留下我们刚刚提到过的那个结果。

3.Is not a Patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life on the water, and, when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help? The notice which you have been pleased to take of my labors, had it been early, had been kind; but it has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it; till I am solitary, and cannot impart it ; till I am known, and do not want it.伯爵大人,这样的人不应算是一个保护者吧?他看着一个人在水中争扎求生而无动于衷,可是,当那人上岸后却以援助碍事,承蒙您关注到我的劳作。

《英国文学》作业参考答案——17秋专升本英语资料文档

《英国文学》作业参考答案——17秋专升本英语资料文档

《英国文学》作业参考答案I.1.C2.A3.A4.B5.A6.C7.D8.D9.B 10.B11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.A21.B 22.D 23.A 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.CII.1. Neo-classicism is revival of interest in the old classical works.According to theneo-classicists,all forms of literature werw to be modeled after the classical works of Greek and Roman writers and those of the contemporary French ones.They believed that the artisical ideals should be judged in terms of its service to humanity.This belief led them to seek proption,unity,harmony and grace in literary expression.Thus a polite,urbane,witty and intellectual art developed.2. The Waste Land has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry, parableto Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads. With bold technical innovations in versification and style,the poem not only presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation in the modern Western world, but also reflects the prevalent mood of disillusionment and despair of a whole post-war generation. The poem is about the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose. It is regarded as a reflection of the 20th century people’s disillusionment and frustration in a sterile and futile society.3. blank verse refers to unrhymed verse of iambic pentametre.4.Heroic couplet refers to two lines of iambic pentameter rhyming with each other.5. Sonnet is a lyric poem almost invariably of 14 lines and following one of several set rhyme-schemeThere are 2 widely accepted rhyme-schemes:Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet and English (Shakespearean)sonnet.The former consists of a octave(abbaabba) and a sestet (cdecde,cdccdc or cdedce).The English is made up of 3 quatrains and an heroic couplet.It rhymes in ababcdcdefefgg.6. It is a literary movement in the 2nd half of the 19th century and the beginning decade of the 20thcentury as a reaction to Romanticism.The realists holds that literature should be faithful to andwrite about the possibilty of reality.They on one hand expose the social problems,on the other hand,try to find solutions to the problems.Most of them are democratic social reformers.7. Dramatic monologue refers to a lyrical poem which reveals “a soul in action” through the conversation of one character in a dramatic situation. The character is speaking to an identifiablebut silent listener at the dramatic moment of the speaker’s life.III.1.William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is one of the most remarkable playwrightsand poets the world hasever known.With his 38 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems,he has established his giant position inworld literature.The influence of Shakespeare upon British literature is hard to measure and it isnot exegerated to say that all the writers after him have been influenced by him directly or indirectly.A. As a humanist, Shakepeare enthuiastically eulogizes humanity and writes in the spirit of Renaissance.He was against feudal tyranny ,religious persecution,racial discrimination,social inequality and the corrupting influence of money and gold.B. Shakespeare holds that literature should be a bination of beauty, kindness and truth,and should reflect nature and reality;he believes that only this kind of literature can reach immortality.C.Shakespeare is a great master of the English language2. This poem is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworth’s poetic belief s. In his eyes, nature is sublime and sacred and will exerta lasting influence upon a soul. The poem is a record of his sublime munion with nature .3. This novel is one of the best and most popular work by Hardy. It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country and destruction of the English peasantry towands the end of the century.Tess, as a pure woman, brought up with the traditional idea of womanly virtues, is abused and destroyed by both Alec and Angel, agents of the destructive force of the society. And the misery, the poverty and the heartfelt pain she suffers and her final tragedy give rise to a most bitter cry of protest and denunciation of the society.4. The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world.Generally ,it refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries.It first started in Italy,with the flowering of painting,sculpture and literature.From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.The Renaissance ,which means rebirth or revival,is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events,such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture,the new discovery in geography and astrology,the religious reformation and the economic expansion.The Renaissance,therefore,in essence ,is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe,to introduce new ideas that expressed the interest of the rising bourgeeoisie,and to recover the purity of early church from the corruption of Roman Catholic Church.5. The poem is Eliot’s most striking early achievement. It presents the meditation of an aging young man over the business of proposing marriage.The poem is in a form of dramatic monologue, suggesting an ironic contrast between a pretended “love song”and a confession of the speaker’s incapability facing up to love and to life in a sterile upper-class world. Prufrock, the protagonist of poem, is neurotic, self-important, illogical and incapable of action. He is a kind of tragic figure caught in asense of defeated idealism and tortured by unsatisfied desires. The poem is intensely anti-romantic with visual images of hard, gritty objects and evasive hellish atmosphere.6. (main points)He reveals his sympathy for the poor woman in rural area.7. In his novels he writes about the dehumanization brought about by the industrial civilization and he believes that individual’s psychological dev elopment lies in the sexual impulse—Life Force. Consequently, he frequently touches upon the sexual relationship between man and woman in most of hios novels.8. see textbook.。

英国文学试题及答案2 (1)(1)(1)

英国文学试题及答案2 (1)(1)(1)

I、Multiple Choice. (40%)There are 15 questions in this part. Choose A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet.A 1. Beowulf is a ___ poem, describing an all-round picture of the tribal society.A. paganB. ChristainC. romanticD. lyricB 2.The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, acomprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely___.A. William Langland’s Piers the PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower’s Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC 3. In “ Sonnet 18 ” ,Shakespeare has a profound meditation on thedestructive power of __C___ and the eternal __________ brought forth by poetry to the one he loves .A. death/ lifeB. time / beautyC. death/ loveD. hate / loveC. 4. Which of the following poetic forms is the principle form of Shakespeare’sdrama?A. lyricB. sonnetC. blank verseD. quatrainC 5. Which of the following statements best illustrate the theme of Shakespeare’sSonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.A 6. Which of the following place does Gulliver visit first in Gulliver’s Travels?A. LilliputB. BrobdingnagC. LaputaD. HouyhnhnmsB 7. Which of the following is NOT true about Robinson Crusoe?A.It is written in the autobiographical form.B.It is a record of Defoe’s own experiences.C.Robinson spends 28 years of isolated life on the island.D.It is set in the middle of the 17th century.B.8.Many of Burn s’ songs deal with friendship.____ has long become a universalparting-song of all the English speaking countries.A. A Red, Red RoseB. Auld Lang SyneC. My Heart’s in the HighlandsD. John Anderson, My JoA 9.The Tiger was written by___.A. William BlakeB. John KeatsC. William WordsworthD. Percy ShelleyB 10.“One short sleep past, we wake eternally” is taken from___A. The Solitary ReaperB. Death be not proudC. To AutumnD. Song to the Man of EnglandA 11. _____ is not a famous translator in the English Renaissance.A. Thomas NorthB. Thomas WyattC. George ChapmanD. John FlorioC 12. _____is considered to be the summit of Shakespeare’s art.A.Romeo and JulietB. The Comedy of ErrorsC. HamletD. The TempestC 13. ____ poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and the later sacred verses.A.John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John DonneD. John DrydenD 14. The main literary stream of the 18th century was ____ .What the writers described in their works were mainly social realities.A. romanticismB. classicismC. realismD. SentimentalismD 15. Which of the following works are not written by Oliver Goldsmith? ____.A. The TravellerB. The Deserted VillageC. The Vicar of WakefieldD. The School for ScandalA 16.In the 18th century English literature ,the representative writer of neo-classicism is _A___ .A. PopeB. SwiftC. DefoeD. MiltonB 17.The __B_ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout western Europe in the 18th century .A. RenaissanceB. EnlightenmentC. Religious ReformationD. Chartist MovementB18. Blake ,Wordsworth ,__B__ ,Byron ,Shelley and _________ are the major Romantic poets .A. Coleridage / SoutheyB. Coleridge / KeatsC. Keats / ScottD. Scott / ColeridgeB 19. The Canterbury Tales was written in_____A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Modern EnglishD. Current Modern EnglishA 20. “The father of English poetry” is _____.A. Geoffrey ChaocerB. Edmund SpenserC. Francis Bacon D Henry FieldingII. Fill in the Blanks in the following summary statement accordingto what you have learnt of British history and literature. (20%)1. Chaucer employed the_ Heroic _couplet in writing his greatest work The Canterbury tales.2.Shakespeare’s plays have been traditionally divided into four categoriesaccording to dramatic type: histories, _ comedies _, tragedies and romances.3. A Shakespearean sonnet is composed of three quatrains and a concluding_couplet .4.John Donne is the founder of the school of_ metaphysical poetry _. His works arecharacterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form.5. John Milton’s Paradise Lost opens with the description of a meeting among thefallen angels, and ends with the departure of Adam and _ Eve _from the Garden of Eden.6.Othello,__Hamlet _, Kinglear, and Macbeth are the four greatest tragedies ofWilliam Shakespeare.7.Literature can be divided into poetry, fiction/novel and_ Drama ______.8. Joseph Addison and Richard Steele jointly created _ The Spectator __.9. _ Odes __are generally regarded as Keats ’ most important and mature works.10. The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe is written byA narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to besung.2.Tragedy : A literary work in which the protagonist meets an unhappy or disastrous end.3.Sonnet: A 14-line verse form usually written in iambic pentameter.4.Sentimentalism: A sentimental expression or idea.四. Short Answers Read the materials first , and then answer the questions accordingto the requirements .Remember you should write your answers correctly ,completely and briefly (20%)“Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep, moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.”Questions:1) What kind of rhetorical devices does the sentence used?Analogy (类比)2) Please translate this sentence.读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理学使人庄重,逻辑修辞使人善变。

英国文学和翻译答案

英国文学和翻译答案
B.The school authority will not bother about such things.
C.Such things will not be managed at this school.
答案:B
您的答案:B
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
17.第18题
She is an absolutely one-man wife.
A.他全神贯注于事业,为他的家庭留下了很少的时间。
B.他对事业的全神贯注留给他家庭的时间很少。
C.他全神贯注于事业,因而与家人在一起的时间很少。
答案:C
您的答案:C
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
19.第20题
这具有重大的历史意义。
A.This is of historic significance.
B.This has great historic significance.
英国文学英国文学史文学翻译猜文学作品名字答案文学常识试题及答案英国文学作品英国文学简史文学人类学概说答案英国文学名著东方文学史作业答案
翻译
1.第1题
Every one of us, except my poor hoodwinked grandmother, heard of the bad news.
B.By now, we had become very intimate. We made no distinction between each other’s things. We dug our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choosing pieces of meat.
14.第14题
张先生腋下夹着一本字典,手里端着茶杯,一边踱着步一边哼着一首流行歌曲。

英美文学选读英国部分第五章现代时期

英美文学选读英国部分第五章现代时期

英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第五章现代时期(The Modern Period)一、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史背景(Historical background)(1)一般认为第一次世界大战是英国历史的分水岭,因为这场战争给英国社会的各个领域带来了急剧的变化。

暴风骤雨般的第一次世界大战极大地削弱了大英帝国,使英国有史以来第一次成为债务国,伦敦失去了其世界金融中心的地位。

战后经济的混乱和精神的幻灭对英国人民产生了深远的影响,他们开始认清资本主义普遍存在的罪恶。

(2)第二次世界大战标志着大英帝国的最终瓦解,在这场战争中英国损失惨重。

更糟的是随着战争的结束,英国的殖民地掀起了声势浩大的独立运动。

到1970年,英国几乎失去了所有的前殖民地,昔日的“日不落帝国”终于瓦解。

(3)大英帝国的结束极大地削弱了它的实力和对世界的影响,战后英国对其国际地位的改变所作的调整是艰难、痛苦的。

这几乎用了二十年的时间才让大多数英国人真正理解和接受英国不再是世界事务的中心这样一个事实。

然而,英国成功地度过最困难的时期,今天它依然是世界上主要的资本主义国家之一。

2、文化背景(Cultural background)(1)19世纪后半期以及20世纪头几十年,欧洲自然科学和社会科学得到巨大的发展。

在意识形态方面,自然科学的发展产生了各种各样的悲观论和宿命论。

自然主义是这些论点在文学上的一种反映。

达尔文的进化论、爱因斯坦的相对论等等理论在20世纪的头几十年对塑造人们的心理状态产生了极大的影响。

然而,更重要的是弗洛伊德的分析心理学,因为这种心理分析的方法在现实生活中以及在文学中极大地改变了人们对人类本性的看法。

(2)在社会科学领域,马克思和恩格斯提出了科学社会主义理论,事实证明这种理论不仅是一种指导原则,而且鼓励着劳动人民为自身的解放而斗争。

同时,唯心主义哲学也蓬勃兴起,叔本华、尼采、伯格森等名列本时期最著名的人物之中。

英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期

英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期

英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第一章文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance Period)二、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史文化背景(Historical and cultural background)(1)文艺复兴是从中世纪向近代过渡时期发生在欧洲许多国家的一场思想文化运动。

它是在一些历史因素的合力作用下而引发的,如对希腊罗马古典文化的重新发现,宗教改革运动,地理和自然科学领域的探索,以及资本主义经济的扩张等。

(2)人文主义是文艺复兴的主要特征。

它颂扬人性,强调以“人”为本,宣传个性解放,反对神秘主义和中古神权,反对野蛮和兽性。

(3)16世纪的宗教改革导致了新教的创立。

英格兰同罗马教皇的决裂最初源于国王亨利八世决定与其第一位妻子离婚但遭到教皇否决。

宗教教义的改革则发生在后来的爱德华六世和女王伊丽莎白一世统治期间。

(4)工商业持续发展,中产阶级逐渐壮大,非神职人员获得受教育的机会,王权巩固,宫廷成为文化生活的中心,以及海外扩张和科学探索日益拓展人们的视野,所有这些都为文学提供了新的推动力和发展方向。

威廉·卡克斯顿首次将印刷术介绍到英国,使那里的出版社迅速增加,随之而来的是印刷书籍的繁荣。

2、英国文艺复兴时期文学的特点(Features of English Renaissance literature)(1) 诗歌(Poetry)开创文艺复兴时期一代新的华丽诗风的两个最重要的人物是菲利普·悉尼爵士和埃德蒙·斯宾塞。

在他们的抒情和叙事作品中,展现出一种词藻华丽、精雕细琢的文风。

到16世纪末,出现了两类新的诗歌风格。

第一类以约翰·邓恩和其他玄学派诗人为代表;第二类风格的典范是本·琼森和他所代表的流派。

英国文艺复兴时期的最后一位大诗人是清教作家约翰·密尔顿,他的诗歌具有惊人的震撼力和优雅的韵致,同时传达出深邃的思想。

英国文学练习题答案

英国文学练习题答案

Tell briefly the story of “ Beowulf “The story of Beowulf recounts how the Germanic hero Beowulf manifests his valor and combat skills in his fight with monsters and his virtue of being a king and last, his heroic death.What are the main incidents of the poem Beowulf?1、Beowulf’s fight with Greendel the monster who stalks the king’shall at night;2、Beowulf’s slaying of both Grendel and his mother in the monster’slair’3、Beowulf’s succession to the theme and his being loved by hispeople;4、Beowulf’s victorious death ever his duel with the fire dragon thatplagues his country fifty years late, in his old age.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a famous Arthurian tale telling of the compact between mysterious green knight who challenges Arthur’s round table knights to a death game and Sir Gawain who takes the challenge, cuts off the knight’s head, and is surprised to see the green knight pick up his head and come back to life. Though hardships and long journey, Gawain bravely goes off to fulfill his promise of meeting the Gawain knight the next year, but he is well entertained by a noble man and his wife in a castle near his meeting, place with the Green Knight. A stranger game of exchanging gifts happens between the host and his guest. Andthe latter resists all temptations from the wife but one, which is a green girdle with the power to save life. At last, when Gawain meets the green knight who turns out to be the host of the castle and the two reaches an understanding for the virtue and pardonable weakness Gawain has. Theme: the story well exhibits the conflict between the knighthood and chivalric codes that a knight is supposed to follow and man’s instinct to preserve his life. Sir Gawain has proved his virtues as a noble knight in his taking the challenge and fulfilling the promise and his pardonable weakness when his life is at stake.What do you know about Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales? Geoffrey Chaucer tries to represent the wide sweep of English life by gathering a motley company together and letting each class of society tell its own favorite stories. The Canterbury Tales has given us a picture of contemporary English life, its work and play, its deeds and dreams, its fun and sympathy and hearty joy of living.Sonnet 18 compares the poet’s beloved one to summer and then argues that beauty like that of summers cannot last. His way of keeping youth and beauty eternal is to record his beloved image in his poem which he believes has ever-lasting value. The poem shows his poet’s confidence in his artistic talent and his belief in the permanence of art.English Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism. Indeed, a greatnumber of the words of classical authors were translated into English during the 16th century. The study and propagation of classical learning and art was carried on by the progressive thinkers of the humanists. They held their chief interest not in ecclesiastical knowledge, but in man, his environment and doings and bravely fought for the emancipation of man from the tyranny of the church and religious dogmas.Hamlet the most popular among Shakespeare tragedies, tells of a story of murder and revenge the happen in the court. Hamlet’s father is poisoned to death by his brother who takes the throne and marries the queen. After convinced of the murder case, hamlet the prince, who is more a thinker than a knight, manages to kill the murder in the end, but at the cost of his own life.The Merchant of Venice is a story that happens to a Jew called Shylock, a money lender, know for his greed and cruelty, and his Christian enemies in the city of Venice. Antonio, anther merchant, borrows a large sun of money from Shylock in order to help his friend. Bassanio who need the money to secure his marriage with Portia, a rich and beautiful lady when Antonio fails to pay the deby in time and is faced with the danger of having his flesh cut off as the deal prescribes, Portia, disguised as a young lawyer, comes to the trial and successfully reveres the case and punishes Skylock.Theme: tells us the pact made between Shylock the Jew and his Christianenemies.How do you understand Shakespeare’s attitude toward Shylock?Yet, Shakespeare did not portray him as a villain completely; instead, he gave Shylock sympathies because the latter suffered great injustice as he lived as a Jew among Christians in Venice. His revenge was understandable and his role as a father as a loving one.The writing characteristics of John DonneJohn Donne’s poetry typically displays the characteristics of metaphysical poems. They frequently employ the use of conceit, and are often close to common speech and in the form of argument, sometimes with a friend, or lady, or the pet himself, but these arguments follow good logic and reasoning. Very often, these poems are not as musical as those poems favored by the public.Paradise Lost theme: It is an epic poem that well illustrates the rebellious spirit. Milton need to see and is willing to encourage, he advocates the will of resistance and asks people never to surrender to tyranny. Brief introduction: how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden.Vanity Fair,the best known episode in John Bunyan’s. the Pilgrim’s Progress, is an allegory of universal spiritual significance. The phrase means a market in which worthless things are sold, but these worthless things which are bought and sold refer to fames and profits; therefore, itis a fine satire towards the contemporary England.Lady Sneer and Mr. Snake are typical of peoplein the upper class. They are vain, hypocritic, without moral standards and mannersThe School for Scandal theme: The play is a hot satire on the morals and manners of the upper class in the 18th century of England.A Modest Proposal His proposal was that, the poor people of Ireland in the danger of starving to death as a result of harsh exploits by the English, could well nurse their babies, and them sell them to the rich English for food. The author’s real proposing is to expose the fact that the English are devouring the Irish socially, and economically.Tom Jones is a foundling raised by Mr. Allworthy, an English country squire. He is kind-hearted and rash youth while Blifil, who later turns out to be his half-brother, is a shy and wicked man deter mined to destroy Tom Jones for the former is his rival for Mr. Allworthy’s inheritance and also for the beautiful Sophia, a girl living Tom’s true identity is revealed and he is married to Sophia and appointed as the heir of Mr. Allworthy’s.Gulliver’s Travels is one of best satire in English literature. The story recounts Gulliver’s bizarre journey and adventure from Lilliputian, Brobdingag, Laputa and last, Huymhumns. Each of the adventures has specific target of ridicule, with the last one being the harshest, for it defines human as the meanest animal living on the earth.Romanticism: flourished in the first half of the 19th century, beginning with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads, ending with Walter Scott’s death. It appeared as a reactiong against the curel realities of the capitalist society where peasants were living a harsh life while bourgeois people were having their luxurious life. Romanticists resorted to emotion and nature or their passion to resolve the social contradictions. One group, represented by William Wordsworth, asked people to go to nature, to be fully embraced by nature’s grace and to find comfort in the divine power of nature; another group, embodied by Shelley and Byron, believed that passion and revolution can erase the evil from the face of earth, and purge the world of all sins. Their poems were passionate enough to spark the revolutionary spirit in common people. Among the romanticists, John Keats stood aloof from his fellow poets. With his advocate of “beautify is truth, truth is beauty.” He anticipate what was named “art for art’s sake.”An artistic movement that seeped Europe in the end of 19 century. William Wordsworth was one of the greastest poet in the history of English literature. Romanticism in England began when his Lyrical Ballads was published in 1798, and he himself later was appointed as the poet laureate, a great honor for a living poet. It was Wordsworth and his friend, called the trend in literature. As a poet, William Wordsworth made immense contributions to literature by his emphasis on use of plain English and the healing power of nature, which are fully displayed in hispoems. Such as I Wanderde Lonely as a Cloud, The Solitary Reaper, and so on. His poems were mostly devoted to the landless peasants, giving them deep sympathies, also, his poetic language was a refined form of the rural speech used by the peasants. As a result, his style was characterized by simplicity and purity, appealing widely to the people of different walks of England. Last but not least, Wordsworth was know as a worshipper of nature in his exquisite description of rivers, woods, skies and clouds, on can see his love of nature and understands his idea that nature provides a comforting source for the soul.Sonnet on Chillon was written in praise of liberty, in praise of those who remained true to the ideals of freedom even when persecuted by their oppressors.Jane Austen completed six novels, Northanger Abbey, Persuasion, Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Manfield Park, and Emma. Each is perfect, and there is no choosing between them for one who enjoys her quiet irony and her simple delicate analysis of character. There are no heroic passiona or astounding adventures. And in all her novels the love-making of her young people, though serious and sympathetic, is subduced by humor to the ordinary plane of emotion on which most of us live. She was the founder of the novel which deals with unimportant middle-class people and of which there are many fine examples in latter English fiction. Her style is easy and effortless, a perfect example ofclean and clear English.She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways is written in memory of a girl who lived and died unknown, but the poet looks at her as bright star, and the loss is incalculable.The Isles of Greece contrasts the freedom the ancient Creeks enjoyed and the current slavery the Greeks had, and inspires the Greeks to fight for their liberty and freedomWuthering Heights is a highly passionate story that many critics believe has reached the height of Shakespearean tragedy. Heathchiff, a gypsy raise by kind Mr. Earnshaw grows up in the Earnshaw family together with Catherine, with whomhe develops an ardent love, and Hindley, who reduces Heathcliff to a house-servent after the father’s death, thereby making his sister’s union with Heathcliff impossible. Severly hurt in his self –esteem, Heathcliff runs away on hearing Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar Linton, a gentle young man of property living nearby. Three years later, Heathcliff returns and has become rich and starts his revenge. Catherine dies in child-birth as a result of being on between her love for Heathcliff and her affection for Linton. Yet, Heathcliff continues his revenge on the second generation and forces little Cathy to marry his feeble and weak son, little Heathcliff and robs her of everything after the young husband dies. When Hareton, Hindley’s son, serving as a servant under Heathcliff, begins a love affair with little Cathys, Heathcliffrealizes the futility of his revenge and dies, his soul found wandering with that of Cathering’s in Wuthering Heights.Jane Eyre is a novel that has many autobiographical elements in it. Jane is an orphan raised by her aunt who maltreats and sends her to a boarding school after Jane’s fight with her son. Jane receives education at the school and alter graduation, becomes a governess in Thomfield Park, where she falls in love with her master Mr. Rochester. Yet, on learning that Rochester has a mad wife. Janes runs away and return to Rochester only when his mad wife has died, he himself becomes crippled, and Jane has some inheritance.。

英国文学简史翻译译文1

英国文学简史翻译译文1
盎格鲁撒克逊人受7个世纪基督教文化的影响,寺院在全国兴起。在这些寺院中,只有极少数的和尚拥有读写能力,因此最早的英文书籍由他们记录下。但是和尚憎恨异教徒书籍,因此他们给这些书添上基督教色彩,却和书的主要内容没有太大的关系。
5、盎格鲁撒克逊人的宗教信仰以及其影响
盎格鲁撒克逊人是异教徒。他们信奉北欧的古老神话传说。那就是为什么北欧神话学说在英语这门语言中留下痕迹的原因。例如,一周中的天数就是由北神命名的。奥丁,我们所说的神,星期三以他的名字命名,星期四以托尔的名字命名,美丽女神弗丽嘉,祈祷者以她的名字命名星期五。星期二则是为了纪念另一个北欧之神--蒂乌。
3、英国人的占领
同时,大不列颠也被成群的海盗给侵略着。他们是来自北欧的三个部落:盎格鲁人,撒克逊人和朱特人民族。这三个部落在大不列颠海岸登路,把大不列颠人民赶到西部和北部,然后自己定居下来。朱特人占领了岛屿东南部的肯特。撒克逊人占领了岛屿南部地区,并建立起像韦塞克斯,埃塞克斯和东萨塞克斯这样的小王国。盎格鲁人席卷了东部中部地区,并在东英吉利亚建立王国。七个像这样的王国在大不列颠岛上逐渐出现。到公元7世纪,这些小王国开始合并成为今天称为英格兰的统一王国,或被称作盎格鲁人之国。这三个部落的人混合在一起,被称为今天的英国人,而盎格鲁人占绝大多数。他们说的三种方言自然而然的发展成为一种语言——盎格鲁撒克逊,或者古英语,和今天我们所说的英语有着很大的区别。
2、罗马人的占领
在公元前55年,大不列颠岛被罗马征服者凯撒入侵,而这是的凯撒刚刚占领了高卢。但是罗马人刚登上大不列颠岛海岸时,就遭到了在首领领导下的大不列颠人的狮子般疯狂的反击,随着罗马将领来来往往的这个世纪,直到公元78年英国从被于罗马帝国完全征服过。伴随着罗马人的侵略占领,罗马式的生活方式也开始融入英国。罗马式剧院和澡堂很快的在城镇中兴起。而这些高雅的文明只不过是罗马侵略者的娱乐享受方式罢了,大不列颠人民却像奴隶一样被压迫着。罗马人的占领持续了将近400年,在这期间,罗马人因其军事目的在岛上修建了后来被称之为罗马路的纵横交错的公路,这些公路在后期发展中起到了很大的作用。沿着这些公路开始建立起大量的城镇,伦敦就是其中之一,开始成为重要的贸易中心城市。罗马的占领也带来了基督教文化。但是在15世纪初期,罗马帝国处于逐渐的衰落阶段。公元410年,所有罗马军队撤回欧洲大陆再也没有返回。因此,也标志这罗马人占领的结束。

英国文学选读课后答案 (2)

英国文学选读课后答案 (2)

The Tiger P501.Why does the poet mention the Lamb? Do you think both the Lamb and the Ti ger canilluminate each other?The Tyger is corresponding to The Lamb. Both the poems show the poet ’s exploration, understanding and plaint of the mysterious creation. In this poem, the author implies that the Tiger is created by God as well as the Lamb. S o either the Tiger or the Lamb is essential to God. I think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other. Although the Lamb can represent the kind “innocent society”, it will be lack of enough motivation to make progress. While the Tiger will caus e social misery, unrest or even disruption, but it can make people release their creativity. So the poet believes that the Tiger is the symbol of strength and courage. And he also praises its passion, desire and all the lofty beauty.2.What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger? What idea does the poet want to express?The symbol of the Tyger is one of the two central mysteries of the poem (the other being the Tyger ’s creator). It is unclear what it exactly symbolizes, but scholars have hypothesized that the Tyger could be inspiration, the divine, artistic creation, history, the sublime (the big, mysterious, powerful and sometimes scary. Read more on this in the "Themes and Quotes" section), or vision itself. Really, the list is almost infinite. The point is, the Tyger is important, and Blake’s poem barely limits the possibilities The tiger is the embodiment of God's power in creation: the animal is terrifying in its beauty, strength, complexity and vitality. The poem is divided into six parts. In the first part, the author imagined that he met a terrible tiger on a dark night and was frightened by its awful eyesight. There are creations and creators. How great the creator is that he could create such an awful creation like tiger! In the second part, the author continues to ask, where comes the eyesight like fire, sea or sky? The following two parts, the author describes the creator as a smith. He creates the tiger. What behind the questions is the frightening and respect of the author to the creator. In the fif th part, the author changes his tone and asks when the stars throw down their spears, why they are not happy? The last part is as same as the first part, the creator is too mysterious to understand. The tiger shows its outstanding energy. It’s the vitality which the author thinks highly of. The key sentence of the poem is "Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" It challenges the one-track religious views of the 18 ’s century. The view only concluded that god create the lame, he is so kind a father. But it didn ’t know god also create the tough tiger. He can also be very serious. The god is someone who can’t be truly understood by human beings.Ode to the West Wind P83西风颂第一节哦,狂暴的西风,秋之生命的呼吸!你无形,但枯死的落叶被你横扫,有如鬼魅碰到了巫师,纷纷逃避:黄的,黑的,灰的,红得像患肺痨,呵,重染疫疠的一群:西风呵,是你以车驾把有翼的种子催送到黑暗的冬床上,它们就躺在那里,像是墓中的死穴,冰冷,深藏,低贱,直等到春天,你碧空的姊妹吹起她的喇叭,在沉睡的大地上响遍,唤出嫩芽,像羊群一样,觅食空中)将色和香充满了山峰和平原。

英语专业英国文学 课后答案汇总

英语专业英国文学 课后答案汇总

1.What are the literature features of the Early and Medieval English periodrespectively?Of Old English literature, five relics are still preserved, all of which are poems and warriors in the feasting-hall. Old English poetry regularly used a system of alliteration and rhythm as well as metaphors and understatements to achieve variety and suggest important attributes of the subjects.The Medieval English period was one of experiment and discovery in literature. The Christian view of the universe permeated the most enduring literature of the Medieval English period. Medieval literature was frequently concerned with clarifying the duties of each member in the hierarchal feudal society, from king to serfs.Medieval literature also constantly stressed the doctrine of chivalry which was frequently reflected in the romances, which were the literature of the noble. The literature of the common people was oral - the ballad, the most important department of English folk literature.The ballads were created collectively by the people and constantly revised in the process of being handed down from mouth to mouth2..2. What is the theme of Beowulf?Beowulf is one of the five relics which are still preservedof Old English literature. It describes the adventures of a hero and is structurally built around three fights or adventures, each of which involves a battle between the hero Beowulf and a monster.A. It presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people struggle against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader. Beowulf is a folk legend brought to England by Anglo-Saxons from their continental homes. Its main stories are evidently folk legends of primitive Northern tribes. Such tribes lived along the northwestern coast of Europe. They lived under such harsh conditions that they had to fight against the beasts;they had to struggle against the forces of nature, and against other invading tribes. And Beowulf, the hero, is a wise and mighty leader of such tribes. He is brave and strong. His leadership skills are superb. He always put his people’s welfare before his own. He is not afraid to die. In a word, he has all the traits required of a hero.B. The triumph of goodness over evil is another major theme of the poem. Beowulf, the epic hero of the tale, stands for all that is good, brave and proper, while the monsters stand for evil3..3. Comment on Geoffrey Chaucer’s thoughts and the features of the Gene ral Prologueto his The Canterbury Tales.an attitude of opposition against Catholicism and attacked the corruption of the contemporary church government in his poems. And his tales expose and satirize the evils of the time, as the degeneration of the noble, the heartlessness of the judge and so on.C. Taking the stand of the rising bourgeoisie, Chaucer aff irms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praised man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life.The General Prologue is usually regarded as the greatest portrait gallery in English literature. The Prologue provides a framework for the tales. It contains a group of vivid sketches of typical medieval figures. All classes of the English feudal society, except the royalty and the poorest peasant, are represented by these thirty pilgrims. It is no exaggeration to say that it supplies a miniature of the English society of Chaucer’s time. The purpose of the General Prologue is not only to present a vivid collection of character sketches, but also tries to reveal the author' s intention in bringing together a great variety of people and narrative materials to unite the diversity of the tales.4. 4. Make a comment on the image of Robinson Crusoe. Firstly, Defoe depicts Robinsonglorifies human labor. Robinson’s will-power in bettering his living conditions is amazing: strong winds, rains and earthquakes do not stop him from attaining his once set resolutions and plants. He explores the island, hunts, makes clothes form the hides of the killed animals, gather wild grapes, domesticates wild goats. Grown wise with experience in labor, he makesa living on the island by self-reliance. Crusoe is a real hero. He has marvelous capacity forwork, boundless energy and persistence in overcoming obstacles. Secondly, Robinson Crusoe is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the earlier stages of its development. He is the image of a true empire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader. His is most practical and exact, always religious and at the same time mindful of his own profit. His every voyage is connected with some commercial enterprise. When he firstly steps on the island, he appears chiefly in the capacity of a colonizer, while later as soon as Friday appears, Robinson assumes the role of a master. Then he gets profit form the plantation and brings religion and morality to the island colony. Later on, he becomes a foreign trader in his travels to the Gulf of Persia, China dn Siberia. He is the embodiment of private enterprise and colonization.5. 5. Who is portrayed in the above lines?List four novels written by him.Henry Fielding.Joseph Andrews; Jonathan Wild; Tom Jones; Amelia6. 6. Who is mentioned in the above words?What are the two little collections of lyrics?Are there any differences in these two collections? Why?WilliamInnocence; Song of Experience。

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答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
6.第6题
…but Lady Southdown dismissed poor Briggs as quickly as decency permitted.
A.无奈莎吴唐老太太不喜欢布里格斯,勉强留她住了几天,糊过面子,就急急的打发她走了。
B.无奈莎吴唐老太太像体面所允许的那样快地把可怜的布里格斯打发走了。
14.第14题
张先生腋下夹着一本字典,手里端着茶杯,一边踱着步一边哼着一首流行歌曲。
A.Mr. Zhang carried a dictionary under his arm, held a cup in his hand, paced and hummed a tune.
B.With a dictionary under his arm and a cup in his hand, Mr. Zhang was humming a popular tune as he paced.
B.As an old saying goes, we are not afraid that you do not know all about the goods but we are afraid that you compare the goods.
C.As an old saying goes, don’t worry about not knowing about the goods; just compare and you will see which is better.
C.Its historic significance is great.
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
20.第21题
这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。
A.These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches.
B.These workers are avid watchers of basketball.
C.但是莎吴唐老太太等到面子过得去的时候就很快的把可怜的布里格斯打发出门了。
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
7.第7题
当时我们已经变得像一家人那样亲密,东西不分你我,彼此可以把筷子伸到对方的碗里抢肉吃。
A.At that time, we had become as close as the members of one family. We were on very intimate terms. We could dig our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choice pieces of meat.
答案:C
您的答案:C
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
8.第8题
他想一吐胸中块垒,但却找不到一个可以倾诉的人。
A.He wanted to throw up the chunk within his chest but there was no one to whom he could talk.
B.He wanted to speak out the load on his mind, he but could not find a man to whom he could talk.
C.This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving h得分:2.0
10.第10题
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in his character.
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
12.第12题
There’s been some dirty work with the club accounts and some money is missing.
A.俱乐部的帐目有鬼,有些钱不知去向。
B.俱乐部的帐目有卑鄙的勾当,有些钱不知去向。
翻译
1.第1题
Every one of us, except my poor hoodwinked grandmother, heard of the bad news.
A.我们每一个人,除了我那可怜的受蒙蔽的奶奶,都得知了这个不幸的消息。
B.除了我那可怜的受蒙蔽的奶奶,我们大家都得知了这个不幸的消息。
A.战争被高度的政治策略避免了。
B.由于运用了高超的政治策略,战争才得以避免。
C.战争的被避免是由于运用了高度的政治策略。
答案:B
您的答案:B
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
16.第17题
学校不会管这样的事情。
A.The school does not bother about such things.
B.By now, we had become very intimate. We made no distinction between each other’s things. We dug our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choosing pieces of meat.
C.These workers are warmhearted watchers of basketball.
答案:A
您的答案:B
题目分数:2
此题得分:0.0
21.第16题
The growth of electric media and the emphasis on lifelong learning add up to tremendous opportunities for people who can combine the excitement of computer graphics and animation with educational content. This “edutainment” filed will be open to everyone from the entrepreneurs who package and marker the products to computer programmers, graphic artists, animators, and educators.
A.以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。
B.以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。
C.以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及当领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
5.第5题
C.With a dictionary under his arm and a tea cup in his hand, Mr. Zhang was pacing while he hummed a popular tune.
答案:B
您的答案:B
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
15.第15题
War was avoided by a master stroke of statesmanship.
B.要想知道钱的价值,就得体会一下借钱的滋味。因为谁去借钱都受苦。
C.要想知道钱的价值,就得体会一下借钱的滋味。因为那个去借钱的人会吃苦头。
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
4.第4题
On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and how leading Americans see the priorities now.
B.The school authority will not bother about such things.
C.Such things will not be managed at this school.
答案:B
您的答案:B
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
17.第18题
She is an absolutely one-man wife.
C.我们大家都得知了这一不幸的消息,只有我那可怜的奶奶,还蒙在鼓里。
答案:C
您的答案:C
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
2.第2题
不错,有了自己的孩子使他们的造反冲动收敛了许多。
A.True, their rebellious impulses become weak because they have their own children.
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
13.第13题
The children are always up to amusing tricks.
A.孩子们总是喜欢调皮捣蛋寻开心。
B.孩子们总是喜欢一些逗人笑的恶作剧。
C.孩子们总是喜欢玩一些引起兴趣的诡计。
答案:A
您的答案:A
题目分数:2
此题得分:2.0
C.We had come to be like one family by now, being on such intimate terms that we helped ourselves freely to each other’s things and sometimes could dig our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choice pieces of meat.
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