勺链式微型马铃薯精密播种机的设计

目录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................. I II Abstract ..................................................................................................................... I V 1 绪论 (1)

1.1 课题的背景和科学意义 (1)

1.2 国内外马铃薯播种机的发展现状 (1)

1.2.1国外马铃薯播种机的发展现状 (1)

1.2.2我国马铃薯播种机的发展现状 (2)

1.3设计的主要内容 (3)

2 整体机构的设计. (3)

2.1整体设计方案 (3)

2.1.1设计原则 (3)

2.1.2基本结构 (3)

2.1.3工作原理 (3)

2.2勺链式播种机的主要技术参数要求 (4)

2.3配套动力的选用 (4)

3 排种装置的设计 (5)

3.1马铃薯播种机对排种性能的要求 (5)

3.2目前各排种器的结构及性能特点 (5)

3.3 种箱结构参数 (6)

3.3.1种箱尺寸及容积的确定. (6)

3.4排种器的选型及确定 (6)

3.4.1排种勺的方案设计与分析 (7)

3.4.2勺链式排种器的选型及结构 (9)

3.4.3升运链相关系数的确定 (10)

4 传动装置的设计 (10)

4.1 地轮的选型设计 (10)

4.2 传动路线的确定 (11)

4.3各传动路线传动比的计算与分析 (11)

4.4变速箱齿轮的设计 (12)

5 马铃薯播种机开沟器的设计 (16)

5.1 开沟器的性能要求 (16)

5.2目前各开沟器的特点 (16)

5.3 开沟器的选型 (17)

5.3.1 排种开沟器 (17)

5.3.2排肥开沟器 (17)

6 排肥装置的结构设计 (18)

6.1目前各排肥器的特点分析 (18)

6.2 排肥器的性能要求 (18)

6.3排肥器的选型. (19)

7.整地机构的设计 (19)

7.1 覆土器的选型 (19)

8 结论及建议 (20)

8.1 结论 (20)

8.2建议 (20)

9 参考文献 (22)

10 致谢 (23)

摘要

马铃薯在我国种植历史悠久、分布广、面积大而且产量高。可兼做粮食、蔬菜和饲料，在农业生产中占有举足轻重的地位。但传统的播种方法，严重制约着马铃薯生产的发展，因此急需实现其播种作业的机械化。目前我国现有的马铃薯播种机工作时漏播重播率较严重，工作不稳定，普遍需要人工辅助播种，人的工作比重扔占据主要部分，这极大的制约了我国马铃薯机械化播种作业的发展。结合国内外现有马铃薯播种机的研究成果设计出了能一次性完成播种作业的升运链式马铃薯播种机，本机能一次性完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土、等工作，大大降低了工作强度，提高了机械化作业程度。排种器采用升运链式排种器，结构简单，工作稳定，播种均匀，伤种率、漏播重拨率低，适应能力强；排种勺采用汤勺式，极大的降低了马铃薯播种的漏播重播率，使马铃薯播种过程更加稳定，降低了人的工作比重；整体机构采用链传动，工作稳定可靠，结构简单，易于制造与维护。

关键词：马铃薯；播种机；升运链式排种器。

Abstract

Potato planted have characteristics of long history, distribute widely, area heavily and the output highly in our country, can be used as the grain, vegetables and fodder, occupying very important position in agricultural production. But the traditional method of sowing is restricting the development of production of potatoes seriously, so need realizing it sows mechanization of the homework badly.At present our

ountry's existing potatoes seeder work was serious leakage replay rate, work is not stable, common need artificial auxiliary sowing seeds, the proportion of people work take leading part, it threw a restricted the potato mechanization planting operation in China. Combining domestic and foreign research achievements of existing potatoes machine designed to completion at the planting operation/luck chain potatoes, this machine machine completion at open ditch, fertilization, plant seeds, and turns the soil, etc, and greatly reduce the working intensity and improve the mechanical work degree. The device to rise up the chain with the device, simple structure, stable work, sow uniform, the injury rate, leakage of broadcast heavy dial the rate is low, strong ability to; the spoon greatly reduced the potato planting leakage of planting the replay rate, make potato planting process more stable, reduce people's working ratio; The whole chain organizations to adopt, stable and reliable, the structure is simple, easy to manufacture and maintenance.