高分子英语专业词汇
高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照
05. 高分子化学05.1 高分子物质brush polymercoiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应5 三官能［基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体，81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应，21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应，101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit 179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子专业英语词汇汉译英(精)
--- 均方末端距mean-aquare end-to-end distance 均方末端距- 非交联的uncross-linked 非交联的- 三维有序的three-dimensionally ordered 三维有序的- 三乙基硼氟酸羊triethyloxonium-borofluoride 三乙基硼氟酸羊 - 射线光X-ray x 射线 x 光- 缨状微束理论fringed-micelle theory 缨状微束理论- 折叠链片晶理论folded-chain lamella theory 折叠链片晶理论 - 逐步聚合step-growth polymerization 逐步聚合（表面）发粘的, 粘连性tacky （表面）发粘的 , 粘连性（空间）排布，排列arrangement （空间）排布，排列（链）引发initiation （链）引发（链）终止terminate （链）终止（链）转移，（热）传递transfer （链）转移，（热）传递（生）面团，揉好的面dough （生）面团，揉好的面 (作用于分子间的intermolecular (作用于分子间的氨基，氨基的amino 氨基，氨基的氨基甲酸酯urethane 氨基甲酸酯把…相互连接起来连接interlink 把…相互连接起来连接半晶semicrystalline 半晶半径radius 半径饱和saturation 饱和苯基锂phenyllithium 苯基锂苯基钠phenyl sodium 苯基钠变化，改变variation 变化，改变变形deformation 形变变形性，变形能力deformability 变形性，变形能力表面活性剂surfactant 表面活性剂表征成为…的特征characterize 表征成为…的特征玻璃（态）的glassy 玻璃态的玻璃化温度glass transition temperature 玻璃化温度玻璃态glassy 玻璃（态）的玻璃态的glassy state 玻璃态不饱和的unsaturated 不饱和的不规则性，不均匀的irregularity 不规则性，不均匀的不均匀的，非均匀的heterogeneous 不均匀的，非均匀的不了或缺的indispensable 不了或缺的不完全的imperfect 不完全的参数parameter 参数侧基pendant group 侧基缠结，纠缠entanglement 缠结，纠缠产率yield 产率超声波ultrasonic 超声波超速离心（分离）ultracentrifugation 超速离心（分离）撤出evacuate 撤出沉淀，澄清settle 沉淀，澄清沉降（法）sedimentation 沉降（法）衬里，贴面line 衬里，贴面成分ingredient 成分成型shaping 成型尺寸dimension 尺寸尺寸稳定性dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性稠度，粘稠度consistency 稠度，粘稠度纯度purity 纯度醇（碱金属）烯催化剂Alfin catalyst 醇（碱金属）烯催化剂催化剂，触媒catalyst 催化剂，触媒脆的，易碎的brittle 脆的，易碎的错位，位错dislocation 错位，位错大分子，高分子macromelecule 大分子，高分子单官能度的monofunctional 单官能度的单键single bond 单键单体monomer 单体单轴的uniaxial 单轴的弹性模量elastic modulus 弹性模量弹性体elastomer 弹性体弹性指数slastic parameter 弹性指数当量的，化学计算量的stoichiometric 当量的，化学计算量的导电材料conductive material 导电材料等规立构的isotactic 等规立构的丁二烯butadiene 丁二烯丁基锂butyllithium 丁基锂定向，取向orient 定向，取向定向orientation 定向动力学kinetics 动力学动力学链长kinetic chain length 动力学链长断裂rupture 断裂堆积物，沉积deposit 堆积物，沉积堆砌packing 堆砌多分散的polydisperse 多分散的多分散性polydispersity 多分散性多官能度的polyfunctional 多官能度的多孔性，孔隙率porosity 多孔性，孔隙率二（元）胺diamine 二（元）胺二（元）醇diol 二（元）醇二（元）酸diacid 二（元）酸二次成型secondary shaping operation 二次成型二聚物（体）dimer 二聚物（体）二烯烃diolefin 二烯烃二元的dibasic 二元的反应物，试剂reactent 反应物，试剂反应性，活性reactivity 反应性，活性反应性的，活性的reactive 反应性的，活性的芳香（族）的aromatic 芳香（族）的非弹性的nonelastic 非弹性的分级fractionation 分级分解，分散，分离disintegrate 分解，分散，分离分解decomposition 分解分类（法）categorization 分类（法）分散剂dispersant 分散剂分子量molecular weight distribution 分子量分布分子量分布molecular weight 分子量粉状的powdery 粉状的副作用side reaction 副作用改性modify 改性隔离基团spacer group 隔离基团各项同性的isotropic 各项同性的功能聚合物functional polymer 功能聚合物功能聚合物functionalized polymer 功能聚合物共聚（合）copolymerization 共聚（合）共聚物copolymer 共聚物构象conformation 构象固有的intrinsic 固有的官能团functional group 官能团光敏剂photosensitizer 光敏剂光气，碳酰氯phosgene 光气，碳酰氯光散射light scattering 光散射合成synthesis 合成合成synthesize 合成合成的synthetic 合成的核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振核径迹探测器nuclear track detector 核径迹探测器红外光谱法infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱法花纹，图样式样pattern 花纹，图样式样缓释剂corrosion inhibitor 缓释剂机理mechanism 机理基体，结晶crystal 基体，结晶基体，母体，基质，矩阵matrix 基体，母体，基质，矩阵挤出extrusion 注射成型挤压squeeze 挤压加成聚合物，加聚物addition polymer 加成聚合物，加聚物加工，成型processing 加工，成型加重，恶化aggravate 加重，恶化夹杂（带）的occluded 夹杂（带）的假定的，理想的，有前提的hypothetical 假定的，理想的，有前提的间歇式的intermittent 间歇式的碱金属alkali metal 碱金属键断裂能bond dissociation energy 键断裂能降解depropagation 降解交联crosslinking 交联胶体colloid 胶体搅拌agitation 搅拌结构，组织texture 结构，组织结晶的crystalline 晶体，晶态，结晶的，晶态的结晶性，结晶度crystallinity 结晶性，结晶度解除，松开release 解除，松开解聚depolymerization 解聚介质中等的，中间的medium 介质中等的，中间的界限，范围boundary 界限，范围晶体，晶态，结晶的，晶态的crystalline 结晶的竞聚率reactivity ratio 竞聚率聚苯烯polypropylene 聚苯烯聚苯乙烯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯聚丁烯polybutene 聚丁烯聚合（物）的polymeric 聚合（物）的聚合度degree of polymerization 聚合度聚合物【体】，高聚物polymer 聚合物【体】，高聚物聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯聚酰胺polyamide 聚酰胺聚乙烯polyethylene 聚乙烯聚乙烯醇polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇聚酯化（作用）polyesterification 聚酯化（作用）开链unzippering 开链开始，着手commence 开始，着手抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂抗氧剂antioxidant 抗氧剂抗张强度tensile strength 抗张强度控制释放controlled release 控制释放口模成型dieforming 口模成型扩散diffuse 扩散拉直，拉长stretch 拉直，拉长冷冻水chilled water 冷冻水离解dissociate 离解离心centrifuge 离心离子ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂离子的ionic polymerization 离子型聚合离子交换树脂ion 离子离子型聚合ionic 离子的理想的，概念的ideal 理想的，概念的力学性能，机械性能mechanical property 力学性能，机械性能立构规整性【度】srereoregularity 立构规整性【度】连锁反应chain reaction 连锁反应链段segment 链段链段segment 链段链间的interchain 链间的链终止chain termination 链终止流动性mobility 流动性流体静力学hydrostatic 流体静力学硫化vulcanization 硫化络合物complex 络合物氯（气）chlorine 氯（气）氯乙烯vinyl 乙烯基（的）密度density 密度密封seal 密封模塑成型moulding 模塑成型模型model 模型逆流countercurrent 逆流黏弹态viscoelastic 黏弹性的黏弹性的viscoelastic state 黏弹态黏度viscosity average molecular weight 黏均分子量黏均分子量viscosity 黏度黏流态viscofluid state 黏流态凝胶 gel 凝胶农药，化肥 agrochemical 排列成行 align 配方 formulation 喷洒sprinkle 喷洒片晶 platelet 片晶平衡 equilibrium 潜在的 latent 平衡潜在的嵌入，埋入，包埋氢键排列成行配方农药，化肥嵌入，埋入，包埋 imbed 强度 strength 强度氢（气）hydrogen bonding 氢键 hydrogen 缺陷 defect 缺陷氢（气）取代，代替substitution 取代，代替热成型 thermoforming 热固性的 thermoset 热解 pyrolysis 热成型热固性的热解热塑性的热传递 heat transfer 热传递热力学地thermondynamically 热力学地热塑性的 thermoplastic 溶剂 solvent 溶解 dissolution 溶解度 solubility 溶胀 swell 熔化的 molten 柔量 compliance 溶胀熔化的柔量溶剂溶解溶解度溶胀的 swollen 溶胀的柔软的 flexible 柔软的三苯甲基钾 triphenylenthyl potassium 三苯甲基钾三聚物（体）trimer 三聚物（体）三氯化铁三元的，叔（特）的三氯化铁 titanium trichloride 三元的，叔（特）的 tertiary 筛子，筛分scalp 熵 entropy 熵伸长率，延伸率 elongation 渗透性 permeability 渗透性生物（学）的 biological 生物医学的 biomedical 食盐 common salt 食盐生长链，活性链growing chain 生物（学）的生物医学的生长链，活性链伸长率，延伸率筛子，筛分使…变形，扭曲 distort 使脱氢 dehydrogenate 收缩 retract 收缩使…变形，扭曲使脱氢数均分子量使…溶解 dissolve 使…溶解数均分子量 number average molecular weight 双键 double bond 双键四氯化钛 titanium tetrachloride 四氯化钛四氢呋喃 tetrahydrofuran 塑料 plastics 塑料碎屑，碎片 fragment 羧基 carboxyl 羧基羧基酸 hydocy acid 羧基酸缩（合）聚（合）polycondensation 缩合聚合物，缩聚物condensation polymer 太阳能 solar energy 太阳能炭 char 炭特性 peculiarity 烃基hydroxyl 统计的 statistical 涂覆 coating 涂覆脱单塔 stripping tower 脱水 dewater 脱水外形，轮廓 contour 外形，轮廓烷基铝 aluminum alkyl 微晶 crystallite 稳定剂stabilizer 稳定性 stability 稳定性污物 contaminant 污物无定型的，非晶体的amorphous 无规降解 random decomposition 无规立构的 atactic 无规立构的无规线团random coil 无规线团无机聚合物 inorganic polymer 烯丙基 allyl 烯丙基烯烃的olefinic 烯烃的细分区分 subdivide 纤维 fiber 线团 coil 线团纤维细分区分微晶稳定剂烷基铝脱单塔特性烃基同时，同步统计的碎屑，碎片四氢呋喃缩（合）聚（合）缩合聚合物，缩聚物同时，同步 simultaneously 无定型的，非晶体的无规降解无机聚合物酰胺化（作用）amidation 酰胺化（作用）线团状的 coiling 线团状的相互作用相互作用 interaction 橡胶 rubber 橡胶想象，推测 imagine 想象，推测橡胶态的 rubbery 橡胶态的消除，打开，除去eliminate 形变 deformation 变形形态（学）morphology 形态（学）型柸 parison 型柸性能，行为 behavior 性能，行为性能，特征 performance 性能，特征絮凝剂flocculating agent 压延 calendering 衍射 diffraction 氧鎓羊 oxonium 药品，药物 drug 液晶 liquid crystal 液晶依数性 colligative 乙烯基醚 vinyl chloride 异丁烯 isobutylene 异氰酸酯 isocyanate 阴（负）离子的 anionic 引发剂 initiator 引发剂引力，吸引attraction 硬度 hardness 油轮，槽车 tanker 淤浆 slurry 淤浆硬度油轮，槽车引力，吸引异丁烯异氰酸酯阴（负）离子的依数性乙烯基醚氯乙烯异丙醇金属，异丙氧化金属乙烯基（的）vinyl ether 压延成型压延衍射氧鎓羊药品，药物，药物的，医药的药品，药物絮凝剂旋转，回旋 gyration 旋转，回旋压延成型calendering 消除，打开，除去小球，液滴，颗粒 globule 小球，液滴，颗粒阳（正）离子的 cationic 阳（正）离子的药品，药物，药物的，医药的pharmaceutical 异丙醇金属，异丙氧化金属 isopropylate 有规立构的，立构规整性的stereoregular 有规立构的，立构规整性的运动，流动 mobilize 运动，流动杂质impurity 杂质载体 carrier 载体增进，改善 improve 增进，改善粘稠的 viscous 粘稠的照射，辐射 irradiation 真是的 real 真是的照射，辐射争论，争议 controversy 争论，争议正[阳]离子 cation 正[阳]离子正的，阳（性）的 positive 正的，阳（性）的脂肪（族）的 aliphatic 脂肪（族）的酯化（作用）esterification 酯化（作用）中性的 neutral 中性的重复单元重均分子量主链，骨干助催化剂挤出转化率转化自由基聚合种类，类型 category 种类，类型重复单元 repeating unit 主链，骨干 backbone 助催化剂 cocatalyst 注射成型 extrusion 转化 conversion 转化率conversion 转矩 torsion 转矩自由基阻燃剂最佳的，最佳值[点，状态] 最小化最小值，最小的模型活化（作用）重均分子量 weight average molecular weight 自由基radical polymerization 自由基聚合 radical 阻燃剂 flame retardant 最小化 minimise ( 模型 mo(ulding 最佳的，最佳值[点，状态]optimum 最小值，最小的 minimum 活化（作用）activation 手风琴手风琴。
高分子物理专业英语词汇详解
高分子物理课程系列辅助资料高分子化学及物理专业英语词汇Polymer chemistry and PhysicsSpecialty English V ocabulary2009年6月brush polymercoiling type polymer5立构规整度Tacticityisotacticity6等规度, 全同立构[规整]度syndiotacticity7间同度，间同立构[规整]度8无规度，无规立构度Atacticity9嵌段block10规整嵌段regular block11非规整嵌段Irregular block12立构嵌段stereoblock13有规立构嵌段Isotactic block14无规立构嵌段atactic block15单体单元monomeric unit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组Tetrad19五单元组Pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement 34物理缠结physical entanglement 35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链Confined chain42受限态Confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络Network81网络密度network density82溶胀Swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶Microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD 104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization 106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution112聚合物溶液polymer solutionpolymer-solvent interaction113聚合物-溶剂相互作用114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent 115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinitymacromolecular isomorphism 200高分子[异质]同晶现象201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization229外延晶体生长，附生epitaxial growth晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal 234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism 235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 无定形相245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilization260最低临界共溶(溶解)lower critical solution temperature, LCST 温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescencelaser confocal fluorescence microscopy 265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象Necking 细颈现象286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature 292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度断裂强度tensile strength breaking strength295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength 298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance 305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation 325裂缝Crack 龟裂326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity 367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] Relaxation 松弛369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature 372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum 374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve 379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus。
高分子材料专业英语词汇
poly-聚，多methyl-甲基deca-十，癸ethyl-乙基non-九，壬propyl-丙基octa-八，辛butyl-丁基hepta-七，庚hydro-氢hexa-六，己chlor-氯penta-五，戊bromo-溴tetra-四amine胺tri-三carbo-碳twi-二oxy-氧di-二-ane烷烃mono-单-ene烯烃-ol醇-yne炔烃vinyl-乙烯基cyclo-环fluor-氟aryl-芳基nitri-氮alkyl-烷基nitro-硝基ortho-邻位iodo-碘para-对位alkadiene二烯烃meta-间位thermo-热ether醚nucleo-核ketone-酮sulph-硫ester酯carboxylic acid羧酸amide酰胺acid anhydride酸酐ammonium铵Sodium Hydroxide NaOHPotassium Hydroxide KOHTriethylamine三乙胺Cis-2-butylene顺丁二烯m-diemethylbenzene间二甲苯cyclohexanol环己醇3-pentanone三戊酮Ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯flask烧瓶funnel漏斗beaker烧杯Graduated cylinder量筒condenser冷凝管separatory funnel分液漏斗test tube试管chromatograph column色谱柱stirbar搅拌子(Multiple)adaptor分水器（适配器）glove手套balance天平Basic concepts基本概念macromolecule大分子polymer聚合物monomer单体structure unit结构单元repeating unit重复单元monomer unit单体单元chain element链单元degree of polymerization聚合度homopolymer均聚物copolymer共聚物molecular weight分子量polydispersity of molecule weight分子量分布number-average molecular weight数均分子量weight-average molecular weight重均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight粘均分子量linear线型的branched枝化的cross-linked交联的cis顺式trans反式stereo isomerism立体异构isotactic全同syndiotactic间同atactic无轨mechanism机理chain polymerization连锁聚合step polymerization逐步聚合addition polymerization加聚condensation polymerization缩聚free radical自由基initiation引发thermal initiator热引发剂peroxide initiator过氧化物引发剂azo initiator偶氮引发剂decomposition分解redox initiator氧化还原引发剂photoinitiator光引发剂propagation增长thermodynamics热力学entropy熵enthalpy焓steric strain空间张力polar effect极效应resonance共振chain transfer链转移hydrogen abstraction去氢反应solvent溶剂chain transfer agent链转移剂termination终止disproportionation不均匀combination结合auto-acceleration自动加速ionic polymerization离子聚合cationic polymerization阳离子聚合anionic polymerization阴离子聚合protic acids质子酸carbenium salts碳正离子盐electron donating groups 供电子基团stabilization稳定性hydride shift氢迁移organometallic initiators有机金属引发剂polar solvent极性溶剂electron withdrawing groups拉电子基团。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学新序码汉文名英文名注释1高分子macromolecule, polymer又称“大分子”。
2超高分子supra polymer3天然高分子natural polymer4无机高分子inorganic polymer5有机高分子organic polymer6无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8元素高分子element polymer9高聚物high polymer10聚合物Polymer11低聚物Oligomer曾用名“齐聚物”。
12二聚体Dimer13三聚体Trimer14调聚物telomer15预聚物prepolymer16均聚物homopolymer17无规聚合物random polymer18无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24规整聚合物regular polymer25非规整聚合物irregular polymer26无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer又称“等规聚合物”。
28间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer又称“间规聚合物”。
29杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer又称“异规聚合物”。
30有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
史上最全高分子材料和工程专业英语词汇大全
注释 又称“大分子”。
11
低聚物
12
二聚体
13
三聚体
14
调聚物
15
预聚物
16
均聚物
17
无规聚合物
18
无规卷曲聚合物
19
头-头聚合物
20
头-尾聚合物
21
尾-尾聚合物
22
反式有规聚合物
23
顺式有规聚合物
24
规整聚合物
25
非规整聚合物
26
无规立构聚合物
27
全同立构聚合物
Oligomer Dimer Trimer telomer prepolymer homopolymer random polymer random coiling polymer head-to-head polymer head-to-tail polymer tail-to-tail polymer transtactic polymer cistactic polymer regular polymer irregular polymer atactic polymer isotactic polymer
曾用名“齐聚物”。 又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
amphiphilic block copolymer
diblock copolymer
高分子材料工程专业英语第二版(曹同玉)课后单词
专业英语accordion 手风琴activation 活化（作用）addition polymer 加成聚合物，加聚物aggravate 加重，恶化agitation 搅拌agrochemical 农药，化肥Alfin catalyst 醇（碱金属）烯催化剂align 排列成行aliphatic 脂肪（族）的alkali metal 碱金属allyl 烯丙基aluminum alkyl 烷基铝amidation 酰胺化（作用）amino 氨基，氨基的amorphous 无定型的，非晶体的anionic 阴（负）离子的antioxidant 抗氧剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂aromatic 芳香（族）的arrangement （空间）排布，排列atactic 无规立构的attraction 引力，吸引backbone 主链，骨干behavior 性能，行为biological 生物（学）的biomedical 生物医学的bond dissociation energy 键断裂能boundary 界限，范围brittle 脆的，易碎的butadiene 丁二烯butyllithium 丁基锂calendering 压延成型calendering 压延carboxyl 羧基carrier 载体catalyst 催化剂，触媒categorization 分类（法）category 种类，类型cation 正[阳]离子cationic 阳（正）离子的centrifuge 离心chain reaction 连锁反应chain termination 链终止char 炭characterize 表征成为…的特征chilled water 冷冻水chlorine 氯（气）coating 涂覆cocatalyst 助催化剂coil 线团coiling 线团状的colligative 依数性colloid 胶体commence 开始，着手common salt 食盐complex 络合物compliance 柔量condensation polymer 缩合聚合物，缩聚物conductive material 导电材料conformation 构象consistency 稠度，粘稠度contaminant 污物contour 外形，轮廓controlled release 控制释放controversy 争论，争议conversion 转化率conversion 转化copolymer 共聚物copolymerization 共聚（合）corrosion inhibitor 缓释剂countercurrent 逆流crosslinking 交联crystal 基体，结晶crystalline 晶体，晶态，结晶的，晶态的crystalline 结晶的crystallinity 结晶性，结晶度crystallite 微晶decomposition 分解defect 缺陷deformability 变形性，变形能力deformation 形变deformation 变形degree of polymerization 聚合度dehydrogenate 使脱氢density 密度depolymerization 解聚deposit 堆积物，沉积depropagation 降解dewater 脱水diacid 二（元）酸diamine 二（元）胺dibasic 二元的dieforming 口模成型diffraction 衍射diffuse 扩散dimension 尺寸dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性dimer 二聚物（体）diol 二（元）醇diolefin 二烯烃disintegrate 分解，分散，分离dislocation 错位，位错dispersant 分散剂dissociate 离解dissolution 溶解dissolve 使…溶解distort 使…变形，扭曲double bond 双键dough （生）面团，揉好的面drug 药品，药物elastic modulus 弹性模量elastomer 弹性体eliminate 消除，打开，除去elongation 伸长率，延伸率entanglement 缠结，纠缠entropy 熵equilibrium 平衡esterification 酯化（作用）evacuate 撤出extrusion 注射成型extrusion 挤出fiber 纤维flame retardant 阻燃剂flexible 柔软的flocculating agent 絮凝剂folded-chain lamella theory 折叠链片晶理论formulation 配方fractionation 分级fragment 碎屑，碎片fringed-micelle theory 缨状微束理论functional group 官能团functional polymer 功能聚合物functionalized polymer 功能聚合物gel 凝胶glass transition temperature 玻璃化温度glassy 玻璃（态）的glassy 玻璃态的glassy state 玻璃态globule 小球，液滴，颗粒growing chain 生长链，活性链gyration 旋转，回旋hardness 硬度heat transfer 热传递heterogeneous 不均匀的，非均匀的hydocy acid 羧基酸hydrogen 氢（气）hydrogen bonding 氢键hydrostatic 流体静力学hydroxyl 烃基hypothetical 假定的，理想的，有前提的ideal 理想的，概念的imagine 想象，推测imbed 嵌入，埋入，包埋imperfect 不完全的improve 增进，改善impurity 杂质indispensable 不了或缺的infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱法ingredient 成分initiation （链）引发initiator 引发剂inorganic polymer 无机聚合物interaction 相互作用interchain 链间的interlink 把…相互连接起来连接intermittent 间歇式的intermolecular (作用于)分子间的intrinsic 固有的ion 离子ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic 离子的ionic polymerization 离子型聚合irradiation 照射，辐射irregularity 不规则性，不均匀的isobutylene 异丁烯isocyanate 异氰酸酯isopropylate 异丙醇金属，异丙氧化金属isotactic 等规立构的isotropic 各项同性的kinetic chain length 动力学链长kinetics 动力学latent 潜在的light scattering 光散射line 衬里，贴面liquid crystal 液晶macromelecule 大分子，高分子matrix 基体，母体，基质，矩阵mean-aquare end-to-end distance 均方末端距mechanical property 力学性能，机械性能mechanism 机理medium 介质中等的，中间的minimise 最小化minimum 最小值，最小的mo(u)lding 模型mobility 流动性mobilize 运动，流动model 模型modify 改性molecular weight 分子量molecular weight distribution 分子量分布molten 熔化的monofunctional 单官能度的monomer 单体morphology 形态（学）moulding 模塑成型neutral 中性的nonelastic 非弹性的nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nuclear track detector 核径迹探测器number average molecular weight 数均分子量occluded 夹杂（带）的olefinic 烯烃的optimum 最佳的，最佳值[点，状态]orient 定向，取向orientation 定向oxonium 氧鎓羊packing 堆砌parameter 参数parison 型柸pattern 花纹，图样式样peculiarity 特性pendant group 侧基performance 性能，特征permeability 渗透性pharmaceutical 药品，药物，药物的，医药的phenyl sodium 苯基钠phenyllithium 苯基锂phosgene 光气，碳酰氯photosensitizer 光敏剂plastics 塑料platelet 片晶polyamide 聚酰胺polybutene 聚丁烯polycondensation 缩（合）聚（合）polydisperse 多分散的polydispersity 多分散性polyesterification 聚酯化（作用）polyethylene 聚乙烯polyfunctional 多官能度的polymer 聚合物【体】，高聚物polymeric 聚合（物）的polypropylene 聚苯烯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯porosity 多孔性，孔隙率positive 正的，阳（性）的powdery 粉状的processing 加工，成型purity 纯度pyrolysis 热解radical 自由基radical polymerization 自由基聚合radius 半径random coil 无规线团random decomposition 无规降解reactent 反应物，试剂reactive 反应性的，活性的reactivity 反应性，活性reactivity ratio 竞聚率real 真是的release 解除，松开repeating unit 重复单元retract 收缩rubber 橡胶rubbery 橡胶态的rupture 断裂saturation 饱和scalp 筛子，筛分seal 密封secondary shaping operation 二次成型sedimentation 沉降（法）segment 链段segment 链段semicrystalline 半晶settle 沉淀，澄清shaping 成型side reaction 副作用simultaneously 同时，同步single bond 单键slastic parameter 弹性指数slurry 淤浆solar energy 太阳能solubility 溶解度solvent 溶剂spacer group 隔离基团sprinkle 喷洒squeeze 挤压srereoregularity 立构规整性【度】stability 稳定性stabilizer 稳定剂statistical 统计的step-growth polymerization 逐步聚合stereoregular 有规立构的，立构规整性的stoichiometric 当量的，化学计算量的strength 强度stretch 拉直，拉长stripping tower 脱单塔subdivide 细分区分substitution 取代，代替surfactant 表面活性剂swell 溶胀swollen 溶胀的synthesis 合成synthesize 合成synthetic 合成的tacky （表面）发粘的,粘连性tanker 油轮，槽车tensile strength 抗张强度terminate （链）终止tertiary 三元的，叔（特）的tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃texture 结构，组织thermoforming 热成型thermondynamically 热力学地thermoplastic 热塑性的thermoset 热固性的three-dimensionally ordered 三维有序的titanium tetrachloride 四氯化钛titanium trichloride 三氯化铁torsion 转矩transfer （链）转移，（热）传递triethyloxonium-borofluoride 三乙基硼氟酸羊trimer 三聚物（体）triphenylenthyl potassium 三苯甲基钾ultracentrifugation 超速离心（分离）ultrasonic 超声波uncross-linked 非交联的uniaxial 单轴的unsaturated 不饱和的unzippering 开链urethane 氨基甲酸酯variation 变化，改变vinyl 乙烯基（的）vinyl chloride 氯乙烯vinyl ether 乙烯基醚viscoelastic 黏弹性的viscoelastic state 黏弹态viscofluid state 黏流态viscosity 黏度viscosity average molecular weight 黏均分子量viscous 粘稠的vulcanization 硫化weight average molecular weight 重均分子量X-ray x射线x光yield 产率Young's modulus 杨氏模量。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含:一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~)一高分子化学brｕｓh pｏlyｍerｃｏiｌing typｅpolｙmer二高分子反应齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应tｅlｏmeriｚaｔion２3 自发聚合spontaneｏus polymeｒizatｉｏn 24 预聚合prepolymｅrizatiｏn２5 后聚合pｏsｔpolｙmerizａｔion26 再聚合repoｌymerizatｉｏn27 铸塑聚合，浇铸聚合cast polymｅrization２8 链［式]聚合ｃhain poｌymeｒizaｔiｏn29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polｙmerizaｔiｏn3０双烯[类］聚合ｄiｅnｅｐolｙｍerizatiｏn31 加[成］聚［合］ａdditioｎpolyｍeriｚaｔion32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) ｆｒｅｅｒadicalｐolymerｉzaｔｉon，ｒadical polymｅrizaｔiｏｎ3３控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合contｒｏlled rａdiｃal polｙｍerizatｉon，ＣRP３4 活性自由基聚合liｖing radicａl ｐolymｅｒizａtion35 原子转移自由基聚合ａtom traｎsfｅr ｒaｄical polymｅｒizatiｏn,AＴＲP３6 反向原子转移自由基聚合ｒｅｖerse atom trａｎsfer ｒａｄicａlpolymeriｚａtion，ＲATRP37 可逆加成断裂链转移rｅvｅrsiｂle additiｏn fragmentatiｏｎcｈａintｒaｎｓｆｅr，RAＦT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nｉtroxide ｍediaｔeｄpolymeｒｉzatiｏｎ３9 稳定自由基聚合stable freｅrａｄicａｌpｏｌｙmeｒiｚａtiｏn，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isoｍerｉzatｉon pｏlymerization４1 自由基开环聚合ｒadicaｌrｉｎｇopeｎiｎｇpｏlymerｉｚatｉon42 氧化还原聚合redox pｏlyｍerｉzatiｏn43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dｅaｄeｎd pｏlymｅｒizａtｉoｎ44 光［致]聚合photo polymeriｚation45 光引发聚合ｌｉghtｉnitiateｄpolyｍｅrizatioｎ4６光敏聚合ｐhotoseｎｓｉtiｚeｄpolyｍerizaｔｉon ４7 四中心聚合fouｒｃeｎter polymerizatiｏn４８电荷转移聚合cｈarｇe trａnsfｅr polymｅrizaｔion４９辐射引发聚合radｉａｔｉon ｉｎitｉaｔed polymeｒizａtiｏn5０热聚合ｔhermal pｏlymerｉzatｉon5１电解聚合ｅlｅctrｏlytｉc polymerizaｔion5２等离子体聚合ｐlasmａpolyｍerizaｔion53 易位聚合ｍetａthｅｓｉs pｏｌymeｒｉzａtiｏn５4 开环易位聚合ring ｏpeniｎg metathｅsｉｓpｏlｙmerｉzatiｏn,ROＭP5５精密聚合prｅcision pｏｌｙmerｉzation５6 环化聚合cycloｐolｙmeｒｉｚation５7 拓扑化学聚合topochemical ｐｏｌｙmerization58 平衡聚合ｅｑuilibｒium polｙmerizaｔｉon59 离子［型］聚合ionic ｐolｙmｅrｉｚatiｏn60 辐射离子聚合raｄｉaｔｉｏn ion pｏlｙmeｒizaｔioｎ6１离子对聚合ｉoｎpaｉｒｐolymerizaｔioｎ62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合ｃationic poｌyｍerｉzaｔion63 碳正离子聚合cａrbenｉum ｉoｎpolymｅrization,carbocａｔｉｏnｉc pｏlyｍeｒizatｉoｎ６4 假正离子聚合ｐsｅudo ｃaｔionｉｃpｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ65 假正离子活［性]聚合pｓeｕｄｏcatｉoniｃliｖinｇｐolymｅriｚatiｏn６6 活性正离子聚合lｉviｎｇｃationic pｏｌymerｉｚatｉon 6７负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anｉoniｃpolymeｒｉzaｔion68 碳负离子聚合carbanｉonic ｐｏlymerization69 活性负离子聚合living ａniｏnic polymerｉｚation70 负离子环化聚合ａｎiｏnic cycｌopolymｅrizａtion71 负离子电化学聚合ａnionic ｅlectrocheｍical polymeriｚatｉｏｎ７2 负离子异构化聚合anｉoｎiｃisｏmerizaｔｉoｎｐoｌymeｒiｚation７3 烯丙基聚合allylic ｐｏlymeｒiｚａtion74 活[性］聚合lｉving poｌyｍeｒizａｔion75 两性离子聚合ｚｗｉttｅｒion polymeｒizatｉｏn76 齐格勒－纳塔聚合Zieｇler Ｎａｔｔa polyｍｅrｉzatｉon 7７配位聚合coorｄiｎaｔion polｙmerizａtｉｏn78 配位离子聚合coorｄiｎaｔed ioｎic ｐoｌｙmeｒiｚａtion79 配位负离子聚合coorｄinated ａnionic polｙmｅｒiｚaｔion80 配位正离子聚合coorｄinaｔeｄｃatｉoｎic polyｍerizatiｏn81 插入聚合insｅrｔｉon polyｍeｒizatiｏn82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stｅreorｅgularｐｏlymerizａｔｉoｎ, st ｅreｏspｅcific poｌｙmｅrizatiｏｎ8３有规立构聚合tactｉc pｏｌymeｒiｚatiｏn84 全同立构聚合isｏspeｃｉfｉc poｌymeriｚａｔｉoｎ８5 不对称诱导聚合asymｍetric inductｉoｎpｏlｙmｅrizａtion86 不对称选择性聚合ａsymmetric ｓeｌecｔive ｐolymerizａtｉｏn87 不对称立体选择性聚合aｓyｍｍeｔriｃsterｅｏｓelectivｅpoｌymerization８８对映［体]不对称聚合enanｔｉoasymｍeｔｒic pｏｌymerizａtｉon89 对映[体]对称聚合ｅｎaｎtiｏsｙmmｅｔric poｌymerizａtｉon90 异构化聚合ｉsomｅrizatiｏｎｐolymerizatiｏｎ91 氢转移聚合hydrogeｎtransfer polｙmeｒizatｉon９2 基团转移聚合gｒoup ｔrａnsfｅｒpolymerｉｚation,ＧＴP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization９4 模板聚合matrix pｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ,temｐｌaｔepoｌymｅrizａtion９５插层聚合inteｒcalａｔiｏn ｐolymeｒizａtioｎ９6 无催化聚合uncatalyｚed pｏlymeriｚatｉon97 开环聚合rｉｎg oｐｅｎingｐｏlymerｉzatｉon98 活性开环聚合liviｎg ring openingｐolymerization99 不死的聚合imｍortal ｐｏlymｅrizａtion100 酶聚合作用ｅnzymatic poｌymｅｒｉｚａtion 101聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合(曾用名)ｐolyａdditioｎ102 偶联聚合couplｉngｐｏlｙｍerizａtｉｏn１03 序列聚合seｑueｎtial pｏlｙmｅrｉzation１０4 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flaｓｈpolymerizatioｎ105 氧化聚合oxidative polymeriｚaｔiｏn106 氧化偶联聚合oxidaｔive couplinｇｐolｙmｅriｚatｉｏn １0７逐步［增长］聚合step gｒｏwth polｙmerizａtｉon108缩聚反应condｅｎsation pｏlymerizatｉon，polycoｎdｅnsatｉon109 酯交换型聚合transeｓtｅrｉfｉcaｔion tｙpe pｏlymeｒizaｔioｎ,ｅsｔer excｈangｅpolyｃondｅnｓation110 自催化缩聚auｔoｃataｌytｉc ｐoｌｙcondeｎsａｔion111 均相聚合ｈomogeneoｕs ｐoｌｙmerizatｉon112 非均相聚合hｅterｏｇeneoｕs poｌymeｒｉzaｔｉｏn 113 相转化聚合phase inversiｏｎpolyｍｅｒizatｉoｎ11４本体聚合bulk ｐolymeriｚatiｏn, maｓｓpｏlymｅrｉzaｔiｏｎ1１5 固相聚合solｉd pｈaｓe pｏlymerizaｔion 11６气相聚合gaseous pｏｌｙmerizaｔion，gas phase pｏlymeｒizatｉｏn11７吸附聚合adsorｐtion polｙmｅrizａtiｏｎ118 溶液聚合sｏlｕtｉon polyｍerizａｔion119 沉淀聚合pｒecipitation poｌymｅrizatioｎ120 淤浆聚合slurry polｙｍerizatｉon1２1 悬浮聚合suｓpｅnｓion ｐolymerizatioｎ12２反相悬浮聚合reｖｅrsed pｈasｅsuｓｐension polｙmｅrization123 珠状聚合bead polymerizatｉoｎ, ｐeａrl polｙmeｒiｚaｔiｏn124 分散聚合dｉsｐersioｎｐolｙｍerｉzａtｉon125 反相分散聚合ｉnverse diｓpersｉoｎｐolymeriｚａｔｉｏｎ126 种子聚合seeｄｉｎｇpolymｅｒizaｔｉon 127 乳液聚合emｕlsｉｏn polyｍerizaｔion128 无乳化剂乳液聚合eｍｕｌsifｉer fｒee ｅｍulｓion polyｍerｉzation129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulｓion ｐolｙｍerizａｔｉon 13０微乳液聚合ｍicrｏeｍulｓiｏn ｐoｌｙmerizａtion 131 连续聚合conｔinuous ｐolymｅrizaｔｉon１32 半连续聚合ｓeｍｉcoｎtinuｏus polymerｉｚation 1３３分批聚合,间歇聚合batcｈpoｌymｅｒizatｉｏn13４原位聚合in situ pｏｌｙmerizaｔｉｏn135 均相缩聚ｈomopolycｏndensaｔioｎ136 活化缩聚activated poｌyconｄeｎsａtion１37 熔融缩聚melt phase ｐolｙｃondｅnsaｔion1３8 固相缩聚solｉd phaｓe polycondensaｔｉｏn１３９体型缩聚three dｉmｅnｓｉonal ｐolｙｃondｅnsation140 界面聚合iｎterfacial polymeｒization1４1 界面缩聚intｅrfａcial pｏlycｏndensａtｉon１4２环加成聚合cｙcloaｄｄition ｐolｙmeriｚatｉoｎ14３环烯聚合cｙclｏalｋeneｐｏlymeriｚａtioｎ144 环硅氧烷聚合cyｃｌoｓilｏxａｎe polymeriｚation 14５引发剂ｉnｉｔiatｏr146 引发剂活性acｔivity of iniｔiatoｒ147 聚合催化剂ｐｏlymｅrization catalysｔ14８自由基引发剂radiｃal iｎitiatoｒ１４9 偶氮［类]引发剂azo typｅiｎiｔiaｔoｒ15０2,2′偶氮二异丁腈２，2＇-ａzｏbｉｓiｓobutyｒoｎiｔriｌｅ, ＡIBN1５1 过氧化苯甲酰benzｏyl perｏxｉdｅ,ＢPＯ１52 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate inｉtiａtor1５3 复合引发体系complｅｘinitiatｉon syｓteｍ1５4 氧化还原引发剂redｏx ｉnｉtiaｔor155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge ｔransfer coｍplex，CTＣ1５６聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂pｏlyｍeｒｉzatｉon aｃｃeleｒator 15７光敏引发剂photoiｎiｔｉaｔor158 双官能引发剂bifunctionａｌiniｔiaｔor, ｄifuｎctｉｏnaｌinitiaｔｏr159 三官能引发剂trｉfunｃｔionａl initiａtor１60 大分子引发剂maｃｒoｉnitiatｏr1６1 引发－转移剂initiatoｒｔｒansfer ａgent, iniｆer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiａtor ｔｒansfer ageｎt terminaｔｏｒ，ｉｎifeｒter163 光引发转移终止剂ｐhｏtoiｎifertｅｒ164 热引发转移终止剂thｅrｍoinifｅrter16５正离子催化剂caｔｉonｉc catａlｙst166 正离子引发剂cationic inｉｔｉatoｒ１67 负离子引发剂iｏnioic initｉatoｒ168 共引发剂coｉnitiａtoｒ169 烷基锂引发剂aｌkyｌｌｉthium iniｔiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anｉoｎraｄｉｃal ｉｎitｉａtor 171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin iniｔｉａtor172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Zｉｅgler Nａｔtａcａtalyｓt１7３过渡金属催化剂transｉtion metal ｃａtａlysｔ1７4 双组分催化剂biｃoｍponeｎt catａｌysｔ175 后过渡金属催化剂laｔe tranｓｉtion metａl cataｌyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metａl complｅx catａlyｓt177 [二]茂金属催化剂ｍeｔallocｅne catａlysｔ178 甲基铝氧烷metｈyｌalumiｎｏxａｎe, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂biｍeｔallic μ-oxo ａlkoxiｄｅｓcａtａlyｓt180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catａlｙst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metalｌoｃenｅ１８2限定几何构型茂金属催化剂cｏnｓtｒained gｅometry meｔａllocenｅcatａlysｔ183 均相茂金属催化剂hｏmogeneoｕｓmｅtａｌlocenｅcataｌｙst184 链引发ｃhain initiatiｏn185 热引发tｈｅrｍａｌinｉtiatｉｏn186 染料敏化光引发dye ｓensｉｔized pｈtoinｉtｉation 187 电荷转移引发chargｅtransfｅｒinitｉatｉon１88 诱导期induｃｔion periｏd１89 引发剂效率ｉnitiator eｆfiｃiｅncｙ19０诱导分解indｕced dｅcompｏｓitｉoｎ191 再引发ｒeiｎitiatiｏn1９2 链增长ｃｈａin ｇrowth, cｈain prｏpagatiｏｎ193 增长链端pｒopagａtingｃhaｉｎend194 活性种reactivｅｓpeciｅs1９5 活性中心aｃtｉve cｅnter19６持续自由基persistｅnｔradiｃal197 聚合最高温度cｅillｉng tempeｒａture of poｌymeｒｉzaｔiｏn１98 链终止cｈaｉn terｍinatiｏn１9９双分子终止ｂimoｌeculaｒterminatｉoｎ200 初级自由基终止primaｒy radｉcal terｍｉnation201 扩散控制终止dｉffusioｎconｔｒolled terminatｉoｎ202 歧化终止disｐrｏportioｎation termination20３偶合终止coupling terminaｔｉon２04 单分子终止unimｏｌecular tｅrmiｎaｔion20５自发终止spｏnｔaneous termiｎation２06 终止剂terminａtoｒ2０７链终止剂chaiｎｔermｉｎatｉng ａｇｅnｔ208 假终止ｐseuｄotｅrmiｎａｔion209 自发终止self tｅrｍination２１０自由基捕获剂raｄical sｃａvenger２11 旋转光闸法ｒotａting sectoｒmeｔｈoｄ2１2 自由基寿命free radiｃａｌｌｉfetｉme21３凝胶效应geｌeffect２14 自动加速效应ａｕｔｏａccelerａtiｏnｅffｅｃt 215 链转移cｈain traｎｓfer216 链转移剂cｈain tranｓfer ａｇent217 尾咬转移bａｃｋｂiｔting traｎsfeｒ218 退化链转移dｅgradａｔion (degrａdatｉｖｅ) cｈaｉnｔrａｎsfｅr2１9 加成断裂链转移[反应] aｄdｉtｉon fragmentatioｎchaiｎtｒａnsfer220 链转移常数cｈain transｆer coｎｓtant 221①缓聚作用②延迟作用reｔardation22２阻聚作用inhｉbition２23 缓聚剂retaｒdｅr２24 缓聚剂,阻滞剂rｅtardｉnｇａｇｅｎｔ225 阻聚剂inｈibｉtoｒ22６封端[反应］eｎｄcaｐpinｇ2２7 端基terｍｉｎaｌgrｏup22８聚合动力学polymｅrizatioｎkｉｎetics229 聚合热力学poｌyｍerizatiｏn theｒmoｄynａmｉｃs ２30 聚合热heat of polymerizａtiｏn231 共聚合［反应] coｐolyｍerization2３2 二元共聚合biｎaｒy coｐolyｍｅrizatｉon23３三元共聚合tｅrnarｙcopolｙmerｉzaｔion２34 竞聚率reacｔivity ratio2３5 自由基共聚合rａdｉcａｌcopｏlymerizatｉon236 离子共聚合iｏnicｃopｏlyｍerization２37 无规共聚合rａｎdom copolｙmerization238 理想共聚合ideaｌcopolymerｉzaｔｉon239 交替共聚合aｌternａtinｇcopｏlymeｒizａtiｏn 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotｒｏpic coｐｏlyｍerizatｉｏn2４１接枝共聚合grafｔcopoｌyｍｅrizaｔiｏn24２嵌段共聚合block copｏlyｍerｉzatｉon24３开环共聚合riｎg opeｎｉnｇcopolyｍeｒizａtiｏn 244 共聚合方程copolymｅｒization equaｔｉon245 共缩聚ｃｏpoｌycoｎｄenｓatｉon246 逐步共聚合step copolymerizatioｎ２47 同种增长ｈoｍｏproｐaｇａｔion２４8 自增长sｅlf prｏpａｇaｔioｎ249 交叉增长cｒoss proｐａｇａtiｏｎ２50 前末端基效应ｐeｎulｔiｍaｔｅeｆfect251 交叉终止croｓｓterminａｔｉoｎ2５２Q值Q ｖaluｅ253 ｅ值e vaｌue2５4 Q,e概念Q, e scｈｅme２55 序列长度分布sequｅnce length ｄisｔｒｉbｕｔioｎ2５6 侧基反应reactｉon oｆｐendａnt group257 扩链剂,链增长剂cｈain extｅｎder2５8 交联crｏsｓｌinｋing2５9 化学交联chemｉｃal cｒossliｎkinｇ260 自交联ｓelf cｒosｓｌinｋｉnｇ261 光交联photocroｓｓｌinking262 交联度deｇreｅof crosslｉnkinｇ２6３硫化vulcaｎizatｉon2６4 固化cｕｒｉng26５硫［黄］硫化sulfｕr ｖulｃaniｚatｉon2６6 促进硫化accｅｌeraｔed suｌfｕr vuｌcａnｉzatｉon 2６７过氧化物交联pｅroxide ｃｒｏｓslinｋing２68 无规交联randoｍcｒossｌｉnｋinｇ269 交联密度crossｌinking ｄensiｔy270 交联指数crossｌinking indｅx２71 解聚dｅpolｙmｅriｚａtion272 ①降解②退化degradation27３链断裂cｈａin breaking274 解聚酶ｄepolymerase2７5 细菌降解bacｔｅrｉal deｇradatｉoｎ三高分子物理23蠕虫状链worm-lｉｋe ｃｈain24柔性链fｌｅｘiｂｌe cｈain25链柔性ｃhaｉｎｆlexiｂｉlity26刚性链rigiｄchａｉn27棒状链rodlｉｋe chain28链刚性chaiｎriｇidity29聚集aggregaｔiｏn30聚集体ａgｇrｅgａtｅ31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结cｈaiｎentangｌement33凝聚缠结cｏｈesiｏｎal ｅntanglement34物理缠结physical entaｎgｌement35拓扑缠结topｏloｇical ｅntanglｅｍｅnt36凝聚相condeｎｓeｄphａse37凝聚态cｏndenｓeｄstａtｅ38凝聚过程coｎdensing pｒｏcesｓ39临界聚集浓度crｉtical aggregａtion conｃentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-glｏbｕle ｔrａnsitioｎ41受限链coｎｆinｅd chain42受限态confｉｎｅd sｔａte43物理交联phyｓicaｌcrosslinking44统计线团ｓtatisticaｌｃoil45等效链ｅquivalｅnｔcｈaｉn46统计链段ｓtaｔisｔiｃal seｇment47链段ｃhａｉn sｅgmｅｎｔ48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型ｒａｎdoｍcoiｌmodeｌ50无规行走模型random ｗaｌk model51自避随机行走模型self avｏｉdｉｎg walk model52卷曲构象ｃoiled conformatioｎ53高斯链Ｇａussian ｃhａin54无扰尺寸unｐeｒturbｅd dimension55扰动尺寸perturbｅｄdimｅｎｓiｏｎ56热力学等效球thermｏｄynamicaｌlｙeｑuivalｅnｔｓｐｈere57近程分子内相互作用ｓhort-ｒange intramolｅcular inｔｅrａctｉon58远程分子内相互作用loｎg-range intｒamolecular iｎteracｔｉｏn 59链间相互作用interchａｉｎinteracｔion60链间距intｅrchain spaｃinｇ61长程有序long raｎge orｄer62近程有序sｈort ｒange ordeｒ63回转半径ｒadiuｓof gyration64末端间矢量ｅnd-tｏ-enｄveｃｔor65链末端cｈaｉn enｄ66末端距ｅnd-to-end dｉｓtanｃe67无扰末端距unperｔurbｅd end－to-end dｉｓｔance68均方根末端距root-mean-squａｒe enｄ-ｔo－endｄiｓtａnｃe69伸直长度cｏntourｌｅｎgｔｈ70相关长度perｓiｓteｎcｅlｅngｔh71主链；链骨架chａin backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chaiｎbrａnｃhinｇ74短支链shｏrt-cｈａin brancｈ75长支链loｎg-chaｉn brａnch76支化系数brａncｈiｎｇｉndex77支化密度bｒanching ｄｅnsiｔｙ78支化度degree of brancｈinｇ79交联度ｄｅgreｅof croｓsliｎkinｇ80网络netｗｏｒｋ81网络密度ｎetwｏｒk dｅnsity82溶胀ｓwｅlling83平衡溶胀equilｉbｒium swellinｇ84分子组装，分子组合moleculａr asｓeｍbly85自组装self ａssemblｙ86微凝胶mｉｃrogel87凝胶点gｅl ｐｏiｎｔ88可逆[性］凝胶revｅrｓiｂlｅgel89溶胶-凝胶转化soｌ-gel tｒaｎsformatｉｏn90临界胶束浓度criticaｌmｉcｅｌｌe cｏnceｎtrａｔiｏn,CＭC91组成非均一性conｓｔitutionａl heterogeｎity, ｃomposiｔioｎａl hｅterｏgenity92摩尔质量平均ｍoｌａr mａssａｖerage 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量ｎumbeｒ-averagｅmolｅcular wｅigｈt,number-avｅrａge molaｒｍass94重均分子量wｅight-avｅｒａge moｌecular weｉｇht,ｗeｉgｈt-aveｒａge moｌar ｍass95Z均分子量Ｚ(Zａverage)－average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosｉty－aｖeｒage molｅcular wｅighｔ，viscosity-avｅrage molar masｓ97表观摩尔质量aｐpａrent molａr mass98表观分子量ａppａｒent molecｕlaｒwｅight99聚合度degree oｆpoｌymｅrizatｉoｎ100动力学链长ｋinｅｔic chain lｅngth101单分散性monｏdiｓperｓｉtｙ102临界分子量cｒitｉｃaｌmolecuｌar ｗeiｇｈｔ103分子量分布moleｃuｌar weｉghｔdｉsｔｒibｕｔｉon,MWD104多分散性指数poｌｙdispｅｒsity index，PＩＤ105平均聚合度aveｒage deｇreｅoｆｐolyｍｅｒｉｚａtｉon106质量分布函数mass diｓtribuｔiｏｎfｕnction107数量分布函数numｂer distribｕtiｏn funcｔion108重量分布函数wｅight dｉsｔributiｏｎfｕnction109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Scｈｕｌz-Zimｍdｉstrｉbｕtion110最概然分布most probaｂlｅdistｒiｂｕtｉｏn曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logaｒithmｉc normal distrｉbuｔiｏｎ又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polｙmer solutioｎ113聚合物-溶剂相互作用ｐolymer-soｌvent ｉntｅractｉon114溶剂热力学性质thｅｒmｏdynamic qｕａlity of sｏlｖｅnt115均方末端距meａn squaｒe end to ｅnｄdｉstaｎce116均方旋转半径meａｎsｑuａｒe rａdius ｏf gyration117θ温度ｔheta tempeｒature118θ态ｔhetａstaｔe119θ溶剂theｔa ｓｏlvｅnt120良溶剂goｏｄsｏlvent121不良溶剂poor solｖenｔ122位力系数Ｖiｒial coeｆficieｎt 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积eｘｃlｕｄｅd volume124溶胀因子expａnｓiｏn ｆaｃｔor125溶胀度ｄegrｅe of swｅlｌiｎｇ126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Florｙ-Hｕggins thｅｏry127哈金斯公式Ｈuggiｎｓequaｔｉoｎ128哈金斯系数Ｈuggiｎs coefｆicient129χ(相互作用）参数χ－paｒamｅter130溶度参数ｓolubｉliｔy paraｍeter131摩擦系数fｒicｔionalｃoｅfficiｅnt132流体力学等效球ｈydrｏdynamicａllｙequｉvaleｎｔsｐhｅｒｅ133流体力学体积hydrodynamｉc volｕｍe134珠-棒模型bead-rod modｅl135球-簧链模型ball-sprｉng [ｃｈａin］model136流动双折射fｌow birｅｆringence, stｒeaming birefringｅｎcｅ137动态光散射dynamic liｇht scaｔｔerｉng138小角激光光散射ｌowａngle lａser lighｔscatterｉng 139沉降平衡ｓeｄimentａtiｏn eｑｕiｌibriuｍ140沉降系数seｄiｍentaｔｉｏnｃoeｆfｉcienｔ141沉降速度法sedimｅntatioｎvｅlｏcity ｍｅthod142沉降平衡法ｓedｉｍenｔatｉon equilｉbriuｍｍeｔhoｄ143相对黏度reｌaｔivｅviscｏsｉｔy144相对黏度增量reｌaｔiｖｅｖiｓcositｙincｒement 145黏度比vｉscosiｔy ratio146黏数ｖisｃosity nuｍｂeｒ147[乌氏］稀释黏度计[Uｂbeｌoｈde] diｌｕtｉｏn viｓcomｅｔer148毛细管黏度计ｃapillary visｃometer149落球黏度计ｂaｌl ｖｉscometer150落球黏度ball viｓｃosiｔy151本体黏度bｕlk viｓcｏsｉｔy152比浓黏度rｅducｅd viscｏsitｙ153比浓对数黏度inｈerenｔｖiscoｓity,logａｒithmic visｃｏsity numｂeｒ154特性黏数iｎtrｉnsic ｖiscｏsiｔy，liｍiting ｖisｃosｉｔy nuｍbｅr155黏度函数viｓcｏsｉtｙfunｃtion156零切变速率黏度zero ｓｈear ｖiscｏｓｉty157端基分析ａnalysis of end ｇroup158蒸气压渗透法ｖａporｐｒｅssuｒｅoｓｍomｅｔrｙ,ＶPO159辐射的相干弹性散射ｃoherｅnt elastiｃｓcatｔeriｎg of raｄiatｉｏｎ160折光指数增量refrａｃtive ｉnｄex incremeｎt161瑞利比Rａylｅigh rａtio162超瑞利比ｅxcess Rａylｅigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering funｃtiｏn164粒子散射因子pａrｔｉclｅｓｃａtteｒiｎg fａｃtｏr 165齐姆图Zimm ｐlot166散射的非对称性ｄissymｍetrｙof scatterinｇ167解偏振作用ｄepｏｌarｉzａtion168分级fractｉｏｎation169沉淀分级pｒeｃipitation fｒactionａｔioｎ170萃取分级extrａction frａｃtｉonation171色谱分级cｈｒomatｏｇｒaphic fraｃｔionatｉon 172柱分级coluｍnｆrａctｉoｎａtion173洗脱分级,淋洗分级ｅlutｉon ｆrａcｔionａtion174热分级ｔhermal fｒactionaｔion175凝胶色谱法gel chroｍatoｇraphy176摩尔质量排除极限ｍoｌar masｓexclusioｎlimｉt177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solｖeｎt grａｄieｎt [elutioｎ] chromaｔｏｇrａphy178分子量排除极限molecular ｗeigｈt exclusioｎｌｉmｉｔ179洗脱体积elutｉon vｏluｍe180普适标定univeｒsal calibratiｏn181加宽函数spreadｉng function182链轴ｃhaiｎaxiｓ183等同周期iｄentiｔy ｐｅｒioｄ184链重复距离ｃhaiｎｒeｐeating diｓｔanｃe185晶体折叠周期cｒｙstaｌｌiｎｅfold period186构象重复单元ｃonfｏrmational reｐeatｉng unit187几何等效gｅomｅtｒicaｌｅquivaｌeｎce188螺旋链helｉx ｃhaｉn189构型无序conｆｉｇuraｔionａlｄisorder190链取向无序chain orｉentationａl disorder191构象无序confoｒmationａｌdiｓｏrｄer192锯齿链ziｇｚaｇchaｉｎ193双[股]螺旋double strａndｅd helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chａin ｏrｉｅntａｔion195结晶聚合物crｙstalｌine ｐolyｍer196半结晶聚合物semｉ-crｙｓtallｉnｅｐoｌymer197高分子晶体pｏｌymｅr crystaｌ198高分子微晶pｏlymeｒｃrystallite199结晶度ｄeｇreｅof crystallinity, crｙstａlｌinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象ｍaｃrｏmoｌｅcuｌar ｉsomorpｈｉｓm 201聚合物形态学morphologｙｏf polyｍeｒ202片晶laｍｅlla, ｌａmｅlｌaｒcryｓtａl 203轴晶axialiｔe204树枝[状]晶体dendｒite205纤维晶fibrouｓcｒystal206串晶结构shｉsh-kebab ｓtrｕｃｔｕre207球晶ｓpheruliｔe208折叠链folded chain209链折叠ｃhａｉｎfｏlｄinｇ210折叠表面foｌd sｕrface211折叠面ｆold planｅ212折叠微区fold domaｉｎ213相邻再入模型adjaｃent re－entｒy modｅl214接线板模型sｗｉtchbｏａｒd mｏｄel215缨状微束模型frinｇeｄ－ｍiｃelle mｏｄel216折叠链晶体ｆoｌded-chａin crystal217平行链晶体parａlｌeｌ-chaｉn crystal218伸展链晶体ｅxｔended－cｈaｉn cryｓtal219球状链晶体ｇlｏbuｌar-chaｉn ｃｒysｔal220长周期ｌong peｒioｄ221近程结构shoｒt-raｎge stｒuｃture222远程结构ｌonｇ-ｒange structure223成核作用nucｌｅａtioｎ224分子成核作用molｅcｕlaｒnuｃｌeaｔion225阿夫拉米方程Ａｖｒａｍｉｅquation226主结晶primａry cryｓｔalliｚatｉon227后期结晶secondaryｃrystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶ｅpitａxialｃrｙｓtallizａtiｏｎ229外延晶体生长,附生晶体epiｔａxial gｒｏwth生长230织构ｔｅxtｕｒe231液晶态ｌiｑuid crｙsｔal ｓtate232溶致性液晶ｌyoｔｏpic liquiｄcｒystal233热致性液晶ｔherｍotropic liｑuｉｄcryｓtal234热致性介晶thｅrmotｒopic mesomorｐhism235近晶相液晶ｓmectｉｃliquid cryｓtal236近晶中介相sｍectic mｅsophaｓｅ237近晶相smｅcｔｉcｐhase238条带织构baｎded textｕｒｅ239环带球晶ｒｉｎged spherulitｅ240向列相neｍａｔｉc pｈaｓe241盘状相discotic pｈase242解取向ｄｉsoriｅnｔａｔiｏn243分聚ｓegｒegation244非晶相aｍorpｈoｕs phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amoｒphｏuｓregioｎ246非晶态amorｐｈous ｓｔatｅ247非晶取向amorphｏuｓoriｅntaｔｉon248链段运动sｅgmental motｉｏｎ249亚稳态ｍetasｔaｂle state250相分离phase ｓeparation251亚稳相分离spｉｎodal decompoｓition252bimoｄal dｅcompoｓiｔioｎ253微相miｃropｈaｓｅ254界面相boundarｙｐhase255相容性compaｔiｂｉlｉty256混容性misｃibility257不相容性inｃompａtｉbｉliｔｙ258不混容性immiｓcibｉlity259增容作用cｏmpaｔiibｉlizａｔiｏn260最低临界共溶（溶解)温度ｌower critｉcal soluｔion tｅｍpeｒatｕr ｅ, ＬCSTﻩ261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度uｐper critiｃａｌsolutｉｏn tempeｒature , UＣＳT262浓度猝灭coｎcentraｔioｎqｕenching263激基缔合物荧光exｃimer ｆluoreｓｃeｎce264激基复合物荧光eｘcｉplex fluorescｅnce265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜ｌａser confocaｌｆluｏrｅscence ｍicｒoscｏpy266单轴取向uniaxial ｏｒientation267双轴取向biaxｉaｌｏｒiｅntatioｎ,bioriｅntation 268取向度ｄegree of oriｅntaｔｉon269橡胶态ｒuｂｂer sｔatｅ270玻璃态ｇlassyｓtａtｅ271高弹态eｌastomerｉｃsｔaｔｅ272黏流态viscous fｌow state273伸长ｅlongatｉon274高弹形变ｈighｅlaｓtic dｅfｏｒmation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，exｔenｓiｏn ratｉｏ277泊松比Poiｓson's raｔiｏ278杨氏模量Yｏung's modｕlus279本体模量bulｋmoduｌus280剪切模量shearｍｏdulus281法向应力normal ｓtreｓs282剪切应力shｅar strｅss283剪切应变ｓheａｒstｒain284屈服yｉelｄinｇ285颈缩现象necｋiｎｇ又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力ｙieｌd stress287屈服应变yieｌd stｒａin288脆性断裂briｔtle fraｃtuｒe289脆性开裂ｂrittle crackｉｎｇ290脆-韧转变ｂrittlｅｄｕｃtｉleｔrａnsｉｔｉon291脆化温度brｉttleｎeｓｓ(brｉttle) temperaｔure292延性破裂duｃｔile fｒａcturｅ293冲击强度ｉmpact strengtｈ294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度, brｅakinｇstrength”295极限拉伸强度uｌtimate ｔensile sｔrength296抗撕强度tｅariｎg strenｇth 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flｅxｕrａl ｓtrｅｎgtｈ，benｄiｎg strｅnｇtｈ298弯曲模量ｂending modｕlｕs299弯曲应变benｄｉng sｔrａｉn300弯曲应力benｄiｎg ｓtress301收缩开裂shrinkａge cｒａck302剪切强度sheａｒstrength303剥离强度peeｌing ｓtrengｔh304疲劳强度fａtigue ｓtｒｅnｇtｈ, fａtigue resiｓtａnce305挠曲deｆｌectiｏｎ306压缩强度compreｓｓive ｓtｒenｇth307压缩永久变形compressionｓｅt308压缩变形cｏmｐｒeｓsive deformation309压痕硬度ｉnｄenｔation haｒdnｅss310洛氏硬度Rockweｌｌｈａrdnｅｓs311布氏硬度Ｂrｉnell hardness312抗刮性scｒaｔh rｅsistanｃe313断裂力学ｆracture mechanics314力学破坏mechaｎicaｌfailuｒe315应力强度因子ｓtｒｅss intenｓity faｃtor316断裂伸长elongａtion at bｒｅaｋ317屈服强度yield strｅｎgth318断裂韧性fractuｒe tougｈneｓs319弹性形变ｅlａstｉcｄeｆorｍatioｎ320弹性滞后elasｔic hｙsｔｅreｓiｓ321弹性ｅlａstｉｃiｔy322弹性模量ｍｏdulus oｆeｌasticity323弹性回复elastｉc recovery324不可回复形变irｒecoｖerable dｅfoｒｍatiｏn325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹crａze327形变;变形defｏrmａtion328永久变形dｅformatiｏn seｔ329剩余变形ｒesidual defoｒmatｉoｎ330剩余伸长ｒeｓiｄuａl ｓtreｔcｈ331回弹，回弹性rｅｓilience332延迟形变rｅtarｄed ｄefｏrmation333延迟弹性rｅtaｒdeｄｅlaｓticity334可逆形变reversibｌe defｏrｍation335应力开裂stress crackｉｎｇ336应力-应变曲线streｓｓｓtｒａｉｎcurve337拉伸应变ｓｔretｃhing ｓtrａｉｎ338拉伸应力弛豫tensilｅstrｅｓs ｒｅlaｘaｔiｏn 339热历史ｔhermaｌhistoｒy340热收缩thermoshrinkiｎｇ341扭辫分析torsioｎal braiｄanalyｓｉs,TBA 342应力致白stｒｅsｓwhｉtｅｎing343应变能sｔrain energy344应变张量strａiｎｔensor345剩余应力ｒesｉduaｌstress346应变硬化sｔraiｎhardeniｎg347应变软化strain ｓoftｅｎing348电流变液eleｃtrｏｒheologiｃal fluid349假塑性pseｕｄｏplａsｔic350拉胀性auxiticitｙ351牛顿流体Neｗtoniaｎｆｌuid352非牛顿流体non-Nｅwtonian flｕid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fｌuid354冷流cold fｌｏw355牛顿剪切黏度Newｔoｎｉan ｓhearｖiscoｓity 356剪切黏度sheaｒviscｏsｉty357表观剪切黏度apｐareｎt sheaｒviscosity358剪切变稀ｓｈear thiｎning359触变性thｉxｏtropy360塑性形变plasｔic defｏrmatioｎ361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫ｖolｕme relａxation363拉伸黏度exteｎｓiｏｎaｌｖiscosity364黏弹性viscoｅlａstｉciｔy365线性黏弹性ｌinear vｉscoelastｉcitｙ366非线性黏弹性non-ｌｉnearｖiscoｅlasticｉｔy367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaｘａtioｎ又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation ｍoｄｕｌus370蠕变柔量creep cｏmpliａnce371热畸变温度hｅａt diｓtorｔion temｐeｒaｔurｅ372弛豫谱relａｘation sｐecｔrum373推迟［时间]谱ｒetａｒdatiｏｎ[ｔｉｍe］spectrｕm374弛豫时间rｅlａxａtion timｅ375推迟时间retardａtion tｉｍe376动态力学行为ｄｙnamiｃmeｃhaｎiｃaｌbehaviｏr377动态黏弹性dｙnamic viｓcoelastiｃity378热-机械曲线thｅrｍo-mecｈａｎical cuｒve379动态转变dynａmｉc ｔraｎｓiｔion380储能模量ｓtoragｅmodulus381损耗模量lｏｓｓmodｕｌｕｓ382复数模量complex moｄuluｓ383复数柔量cｏmｐｌｅx ｃoｍpliａｎce384动态黏度dynamic viscosｉｔy385复数黏度complex viscｏsity386复数介电常数compｌex ｄieleｃtric ｐｅrｍｉttivity387介电损耗因子dｉelectric disｓｉpａtｉon fａcｔｏr388介电损耗常数dｉｅleｃtric loｓｓｃonstａntﻬ四高分子加工技术和应用。
专业英语 高分子专业术语
poly(ethylene oxide) ⇒
2.基于结构的命名法 (Nomenclature based on structure) 适用于一般的由两种不同单体形成的缩聚物。 命名规则如下：前缀poly+（母体名称＋结构分类名 称） 母体（parent compound）按聚合物结构特点分成不 同类型，如：聚酯、聚酰胺等，然后找到该类聚合物 的具体归属（即为哪一种酯，哪一种酰胺…...） 例1：己二胺(hexamethylenediamine)和癸二酸 (sebacic acid)缩聚物被看作是由癸二酸形成的取代 的酰胺衍生物
名称
Name
缩写符号 PVAc PVA PB PIP PET
聚醋酸乙烯酯 poly(vinyl acetate) 聚乙烯醇 poly(vinyl alcohol) 聚丁二烯 polybutadiene 聚异戊二烯 polyisoprene 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯 Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Copolymers 按单体在共聚物中的排列，可细分为嵌段 (block)、交替(Alternating)、无规 (Random)、接枝(Graft)共聚物等四大类
Block polymer A A A B B B A A A B B
Alternating polymer A B A B A B A B Random polymer A A B A B A A A B A
A + A + A + A A A A A
单体
+ +
乙烯 ethene
聚合物
+
聚乙烯 polyethene
+
+
丙烯 propene
（完整版）高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总
冷轧 cold rolling 压延性 calenderability 压延 calendering 埋置 embedding 压片 preforming
模塑 molding 模压成型 compression molding 压缩成型 compression forming 冲压模塑 impact moulding， shock moulding 叠模压塑 stack moulding 复合成型 composite molding 注射成型 injec on molding 注塑压缩成型 injec on compression molding 射流注塑 jet molding 无流道冷料注塑 runnerless injec on molding 共注塑 coinjec on molding
惰性填料 inert filler 增塑剂 plas cizer 辅增塑剂 coplas cizer 增粘剂 tackifier 增容剂 compa bilizer
增塑增容剂 plas cizer extender 分散剂 dispersant agent 结构控制剂 cons tu on controller 色料 colorant 荧光增白剂 op cal bleaching agent 抗降解剂 an degradant 防老剂 an -aging agent 防臭氧剂 an ozonant 抗龟裂剂 an cracking agent 抗疲劳剂 an -fa gue agent 抗微生物剂 biocide
高分子英语专业名词翻译
05. 高分子化学05.1 高分子物质coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization21低聚反应，齐聚反应(曾用名)oligomerization22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合(曾用名)polyaddition102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization 107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization108缩聚反应condensation polymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization,ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst 174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant221 ①缓聚作用retardation②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization229外延晶体生长，附生晶epitaxial growth体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilization260最低临界共溶(溶解)温lower critical solution temperature, LCST 度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子专业英语
高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照关键词：英语高分子词汇英汉对照序号中文英文1 高分子macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。
2 超高分子supra polymer3 天然高分子natural polymer4 无机高分子inorganic polymer5 有机高分子organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8 元素高分子element polymer9 高聚物high polymer10 聚合物polymer11 低聚物oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。
12 二聚体dimer13 三聚体trimer14 调聚物telomer15 预聚物prepolymer16 均聚物homopolymer17 无规聚合物random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19 头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物regular polymer25 非规整聚合物irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。
28 间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。
29 杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。
30 有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称"有规聚合物"。
高分子材料工程专业英语词汇及部分课文翻译
专业英语词汇accordion手风琴activation活化（作用）additionpolymer加成聚合物，加聚物aggravate加重，恶化agitation搅拌agrochemical农药，化肥Alfincatalyst醇（碱金属）烯催化剂align排列成行aliphatic脂肪（族）的alkalimetal碱金属allyl烯丙基aluminumalkyl烷基铝amidation酰胺化（作用）amino氨基，氨基的amorphous无定型的，非晶体的anionic阴（负）离子的antioxidant抗氧剂antistaticagent抗静电剂aromatic芳香（族）的arrangement（空间）排布，排列atactic无规立构的attraction引力，吸引backbone 主链，骨干behavior性能，行为biological生物（学）的biomedical生物医学的bonddissociationenergy键断裂能boundary界限，范围brittle脆的，易碎的butadiene丁二烯butyllithium丁基锂calendering压延成型calendering压延carboxyl羧基carrier载体catalyst催化剂，触媒categorization分类（法）category种类，类型cation正[阳]离子cationic阳（正）离子的centrifuge离心chainreaction连锁反应chaintermination链终止char 炭characterize表征成为…的特征chilledwater冷冻水chlorine氯（气）coating涂覆cocatalyst 助催化剂coil线团coiling线团状的colligative依数性colloid胶体commence开始，着手commonsalt食盐complex络合物compliance柔量condensationpolymer缩合聚合物，缩聚物conductivematerial导电材料conformation构象consistency稠度，粘稠度contaminant污物contour外形，轮廓controlledrelease控制释放controversy争论，争议conversion转化率conversion转化copolymer 共聚物copolymerization共聚（合）corrosioninhibitor缓释剂countercurrent逆流crosslinking 交联crystal基体，结晶crystalline晶体，晶态，结晶的，晶态的crystalline结晶的crystallinity结晶性，结晶度crystallite微晶decomposition分解defect缺陷deformability变形性，变形能力deformation形变deformation变形degreeofpolymerization聚合度dehydrogenate使脱氢density密度depolymerization解聚deposit堆积物，沉积depropagation降解dewater脱水diacid二（元）酸diamine二（元）胺dibasic二元的dieforming口模成型diffraction衍射diffuse 扩散dimension尺寸dimensionalstability尺寸稳定性dimer二聚物（体）diol二（元）醇diolefin 二烯烃disintegrate分解，分散，分离dislocation错位，位错dispersant分散剂dissociate离解dissolution溶解dissolve使…溶解distort使…变形，扭曲doublebond双键dough（生）面团，揉好的面drug药品，药物elasticmodulus弹性模量elastomer弹性体eliminate消除，打开，除去elongation伸长率，延伸率entanglement缠结，纠缠entropy熵equilibrium平衡esterification酯化（作用）evacuate 撤出extrusion注射成型extrusion挤出fiber纤维flameretardant阻燃剂flexible柔软的flocculatingagent絮凝剂folded-chainlamellatheory折叠链片晶理论formulation配方fractionation分级fragment碎屑，碎片fringed-micelletheory缨状微束理论functionalgroup官能团functionalpolymer功能聚合物functionalizedpolymer功能聚合物gel凝胶glasstransitiontemperature玻璃化温度glassy玻璃（态）的glassy玻璃态的glassystate玻璃态globule小球，液滴，颗粒growingchain生长链，活性链gyration旋转，回旋hardness硬度heattransfer热传递heterogeneous不均匀的，非均匀的hydocyacid羧基酸hydrogen氢（气）hydrogenbonding氢键hydrostatic流体静力学hydroxyl烃基hypothetical假定的，理想的，有前提的ideal理想的，概念的imagine想象，推测imbed嵌入，埋入，包埋imperfect不完全的improve增进，改善impurity杂质indispensable 不了或缺的infraredspectroscopy红外光谱法ingredient成分initiation（链）引发initiator引发剂inorganicpolymer无机聚合物interaction相互作用interchain链间的interlink把…相互连接起来连接intermittent间歇式的intermolecular(作用于)分子间的intrinsic固有的ion离子ionexchangeresin离子交换树脂ionic离子的ionicpolymerization离子型聚合irradiation照射，辐射irregularity不规则性，不均匀的isobutylene异丁烯isocyanate异氰酸酯isopropylate异丙醇金属，异丙氧化金属isotactic等规立构的isotropic各项同性的kineticchainlength动力学链长kinetics动力学latent 潜在的lightscattering光散射line衬里，贴面liquidcrystal液晶macromelecule大分子，高分子matrix基体，母体，基质，矩阵mean-aquareend-to-enddistance 均方末端距mechanicalproperty力学性能，机械性能mechanism机理medium介质中等的，中间的minimise最小化minimum最小值，最小的mo(u)lding模型mobility流动性mobilize运动，流动model模型modify改性molecularweight分子量molecularweightdistribution分子量分布molten熔化的monofunctional单官能度的monomer单体morphology形态（学）moulding模塑成型neutral 中性的nonelastic非弹性的nuclearmagneticresonance核磁共振nucleartrackdetector核径迹探测器numberaveragemolecularweight数均分子量occluded夹杂（带）的olefinic烯烃的optimum最佳的，最佳值[点，状态]orient定向，取向orientation定向oxonium氧鎓羊packing 堆砌parameter参数parison型柸pattern花纹，图样式样peculiarity特性pendantgroup侧基performance性能，特征permeability 渗透性pharmaceutical药品，药物，药物的，医药的phenylsodium苯基钠phenyllithium苯基锂phosgene光气，碳酰氯photosensitizer光敏剂plastics塑料platelet片晶polyamide聚酰胺polybutene聚丁烯polycondensation缩（合）聚（合）polydisperse多分散的polydispersity多分散性polyesterification聚酯化（作用）polyethylene聚乙烯polyfunctional多官能度的polymer聚合物【体】，高聚物polymeric聚合（物）的polypropylene聚苯烯polystyrene聚苯乙烯polyvinylalcohol聚乙烯醇polyvinylchloride聚氯乙烯porosity多孔性，孔隙率positive正的，阳（性）的powdery粉状的processing加工，成型purity纯度pyrolysis热解radical自由基radicalpolymerization自由基聚合radius半径randomcoil无规线团randomdecomposition无规降解reactent反应物，试剂reactive反应性的，活性的reactivity反应性，活性reactivityratio竞聚率real真是的release 解除，松开repeatingunit重复单元retract收缩rubber橡胶rubbery橡胶态的rupture断裂saturation饱和scalp筛子，筛分seal密封secondaryshapingoperation二次成型sedimentation沉降（法）segment链段segment链段semicrystalline半晶settle沉淀，澄清shaping成型sidereaction副作用simultaneously同时，同步singlebond单键slasticparameter弹性指数slurry淤浆solarenergy太阳能solubility溶解度solvent溶剂spacergroup隔离基团sprinkle喷洒squeeze挤压srereoregularity立构规整性【度】stability稳定性stabilizer稳定剂statistical统计的step-growthpolymerization逐步聚合stereoregular有规立构的，立构规整性的stoichiometric当量的，化学计算量的strength强度stretch拉直，拉长strippingtower脱单塔subdivide细分区分substitution取代，代替surfactant 表面活性剂swell溶胀swollen溶胀的synthesis合成synthesize合成synthetic合成的tacky（表面）发粘的,粘连性tanker油轮，槽车tensilestrength抗张强度terminate（链）终止tertiary三元的，叔（特）的tetrahydrofuran四氢呋喃texture结构，组织thermoforming热成型thermondynamically热力学地thermoplastic热塑性的thermoset热固性的three-dimensionallyordered三维有序的titaniumtetrachloride四氯化钛titaniumtrichloride三氯化铁torsion转矩transfer（链）转移，（热）传递triethyloxonium-borofluoride三乙基硼氟酸羊trimer三聚物（体）triphenylenthylpotassium三苯甲基钾ultracentrifugation超速离心（分离）ultrasonic超声波uncross-linked非交联的uniaxial单轴的unsaturated不饱和的unzippering开链urethane氨基甲酸酯variation变化，改变vinyl乙烯基（的）vinylchloride氯乙烯vinylether乙烯基醚viscoelastic黏弹性的viscoelasticstate黏弹态viscofluidstate黏流态viscosity黏度viscosityaveragemolecularweight黏均分子量viscous粘稠的vulcanization硫化weightaveragemolecularweight重均分子量X-rayx射线x光yield产率Young'smodulus杨氏模量课文翻译第一单元什么是高聚物什么是高聚物首先，他们是合成物和大分子，而且不同于低分子化合物，譬如说普通的盐。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇[1]
![高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/9aa0e19cdd88d0d233d46a56.png)
Xiong Maolin, CMSE, BUCT
I
高 分 子 材 料 与 工 程 专 业 英 语 词 汇 表
graft copolymer 接枝共聚物 statistical copolymer 无规嵌段共聚物 random copolymer 无规共聚物 backbone [ ] n.主链 semicrystalline [ ]adj.半结晶的 ] adj.无定形的 amorphous [ morphology [ ] n.形态 phase [ ] n.相 living polymerization 活性聚合 compatibilizer n.增容剂 blend [ ] n.,v.共混（物） terpolymer [ ] n.三元共聚物 ] n.合金 alloy [ miscible [ ] adj.易混合的，可（溶）混的 ] n.粒子 particle [ cylinder [ ] n.圆柱体 lamella [ ] n.薄层, 薄片 synergistic adj.协同的 molecular architecture 分子构造 ] adj.线性的 linear [ short branched adj.短支化的 long branched adj.长支化的 ladder shaped adj.梯形的 star shaped adj.星形的 hyperbranched adj.超支化的 chain segment 链段 ] n.,v.蠕变 creep [ loading [ ] n.载荷 crystallinity n.结晶度 rheological [ ] adj.流变学的 stability [ ] n.稳定性 crystalline [ ] adj.结晶的 amorphous [ ] adj.无定形的 ] v.缠结 entangle [ strength [ ] n.强度 ] n.韧性 toughness [ configuration [ ] n.构型 conformation [ ] n.构象 regularity [ ] n.规整性 compactness [ ] n.紧密度[性] flexibility [ ] n.柔顺性 liquid-crystal polymer n.液晶聚合物 ] v.取向 orient [ extrusion [ ] n.挤出 injection molding 注射模塑成型 granular [ ] adj.粒状的 hopper [ ] n.漏斗 barrel [ ] n.机筒 screw [ : ] n.螺杆 ] n.顶杆 ram [ mold [ ] n.模具 eject [ ] v.顶出 cavity [ ] n.型腔 hydraulic [ ] adj.液压传动的 polyphenylene oxide 聚苯醚 compression molding 挤压模塑成型 ] v.固化 cure [ flash [ ] n.溢料 ] n.脱模 knockout [ pin [ ] n.销钉 overflow [ ] n.溢料口 runner [ ]n.流道，浇口 transfer molding 传递模塑成型 blow molding 吹塑成型 split mold 对开模具 ] n.（玻璃、塑料等）型坯 parison [ annulus [ ] n.环形套筒 extrusion [ ] n.挤出 die [ ] n.模具 thermoforming [ ] n.热成型 ] v.下垂 sag [ calendering n.压延 ] v.塑炼 plasticate [ vulcanize [ ] v.硫化 vulcanization [ ] n.硫化 casting [ ] n.浇铸 catalyze [ ] v.催化 ] n.固化，凝固 solidification [ urethane n.尿烷，氨基甲酸乙酯 reaction injection molding 反应注射模塑成型 reactant [ ] n.反应物 polyurethane [ ] n.聚氨酯 sintering [ ] n.烧结 coalescence [ ] n.融合 foam molding 发泡模塑成型 hardness [ ] n.硬度 flexural strength 抗挠（弯）强度 impact [ ] n., vt 冲击
高分子专业英语
单词engineeringmaterials 工程材料ductile 延展metallic materials 金属材料durable 耐久的ferrous alloys 黑色金属合金合金quote 引用援引non-ferrous metals 有色金属eminently 杰出地organic polymer materials 有机高分子材料rust 生锈plastic 塑料precipitation 沉淀沉积rubber 橡胶dislocation 位错synthetic fibers 合成纤维arbitrary 独断的，任意的inorganic non-metallic materials 无机非金属材料smelt 熔炼，精炼composite materials 复合材料Intricate 复杂的，精巧的wrought iron 熟铁combination 结合，化合物pig iron 生铁ductile 易延展的four general types of cast iron 铸铁的四种类型low ductility 低延展性ductile iron 球墨铸铁tough 艰难的gray iron 灰铸铁toughness 韧性white iron 白口铸铁porosity 孔隙度，气孔,气泡malleable iron 可锻铸铁insulating 绝缘alloying elements 合金元素flexible 灵活的chromium 铬corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性nickel 镍lightweight 轻impurity 杂质reduce 还原,减少majority 多数weight reduction of vehicle 汽车轻量化wool fibres 毛纤维automobile bodies 汽车车身the sheep 羊cutlery 餐具silk fibres 丝纤维springs 弹簧silkworms 蚕slip systems 滑移性cementite 渗碳体oxide 氧化物proteins 蛋白质spheroidal graphite 球状石墨varnish 清漆ballbearing 滚珠轴承pigment 颜料dislocation motion 位错的运动solvent 溶剂precipitation hardening 沉积硬化additives 添加剂balance 平衡paint 油漆cultivate 培养drying oils 干燥油shatterproof 碎cure 固化against 反对cured or dried 固化或干燥compared to 相比ancient times 古代aesthetic appeal 艺术感染力millennia 千年more dense 更密集的arbitrary boundary 任意边界判断1.The name “cast iron”derives from the fact that there is only iron in cast irons2.There are a lot of alloys in which there is no iron.3.3.Tungsten can bear the temperature of 2000℃in air.4.There are more than one step in the process to make a plstic product。
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高分子英语专业词汇
一、烷烃
特征：-ane
甲烷 Methane 庚烷 Heptane
乙烷 Ethane 辛烷 Octane
丙烷 Propane 壬烷 Nonane
丁烷 Butane 癸烷 Decane
戊烷 Pentane 十一烷 Undecane 己烷 hexane 十二烷 dodecane 二、基团
特征：-yl
甲基 Methyl 庚基 Heptyl
乙基 Ethyl 辛基 Octyl
丙基 Propyl 壬基 Nonyl
丁基 Butyl 癸基 Decyl
戊基 Pentyl 十一基 Undecyl 己基 Hexyl 十二基 Dodecyl 三、烯烃
特征：-ene
乙烯 Ethylene，ethene
丙烯 Propylene， propene
丁烯 Butylene， butene
戊烯 Pentene
慎用pentylene 己烯 hexene
四、醇类
一般为：基团 + alcohol 或–anol
甲醇 Methyl alcohol Methanol
乙醇 Ethyl alcohol Ethanol
丙醇 Propyl alcohol propanol
丁醇 Butyl alcohol Butanol
戊醇 Pentyl alcohol pentanol
己醇 Hexyl alcohol hexanol
五、酰
甲酰基 Formyl
乙酰基 Acetyl
六、酰胺 amide
甲酰胺 Formamide
乙酰胺 Acetamide
七、酰亚胺 imide
八、醛
Aldehyde
甲醛 Formaldehyde Form aldehyde
乙醛 Acetaldehyde Aldehyde
丙醛 propionaldehyde propylaldehyde 九、酮
Ketone
丙酮 Acetone 丁酮 Butanone 十、羧酸
Carboxylic acids
甲酸 Formic acid
乙酸 Acetic acid
丙酸 propionic acid
十一、酯
Ester
乙酸酯，乙酸盐 Acetate
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate
乙酸钠 Sodium acetate
十二、其它
丙烯酸acrylic acid
丙烯酰胺acrylamide
十三、数字
单，一 Mono，uni Monocycle,
二，双 Bi-, bis-, di- Bicycle
三 Tri- Tricycle
四 Tetra-
多 Poly
十四、位置
正 Normal，n- normal hexane
异 Iso- isopropyl alcohol Example：
Butadiene
Polyethylene
poly(methyl methacrylate)
polyacrylamide
polytetrafluoroethylene
poly（ethylene glycol）
一、脂环化合物
环 Cyclo-
环己烷 Cyclohexane
环己醇 Cyclohexanol
环氧乙烷 ethylene oxide
二、芳香族
苯 Benzene
甲苯 Toluene
Methyl benzene （少）
二甲苯 Xylene
dimethyl benzene（少）
乙苯 Ethylbenzene 萘 Naphthalene
苯基 phenyl
三、主要芳香族衍生物
苯乙烯 Styrene
聚苯乙烯 Polystyrene
苯酚 Phenol
酚基 phenolic group
苯甲酸 benzoic acid
对苯二甲酸 terephthalic acid
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 polyethylene terephthalate, PET 四、实验室常用词汇
烧杯 Breaker
量筒 graduated cylinder measuring cylinde
烧瓶 Flask
三颈瓶 three-necked bottle
试管 Tube 天平 Balance，scale
试剂 Reagent 化学纯 chemically pure, C.P. 分析纯 analytical reagent, A.R.。