(完整word版)高级英语1修辞总结,推荐文档

Lesson 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar

1. Onomatopoeia:is the formation of words in imitation of the sounds associated with the thing concerned.

e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1)

2) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. (Para. 5)

3) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9)

2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”.

e.g. 1)…in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7)

2) It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, …(Para. 5)

3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.

e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1)

4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc.

e.g. … and so thick with the dust of centuries that …(Para. 8)

a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9)

5．Contrast:

e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather

bellows…(Para. 5)

2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone

wheels. (Para. 5)

6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with

human qualities or are represented as possessing human form.

e.g. 1) … where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, … (Para. 7)

2) It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5)

Lesson 2

V: Figures of speech

Metaphor: 暗喻

1). And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say. (Para.

2) At last the intermezzo came to an end and…(Para. 5)

Synecdoche: 提喻

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (a hand for sailor ), the whole for a part(as the law for police officer), the specific for the general(as cutthroat for assassin ), the general for the specific (as thief for pickpocket ), or the material for the thing from which it is made (as steel for sword ).

举隅法，提喻法：一种修辞方法，以局部代表整体（如用手代表水手），以整体代表局部（如用法律代表警官），以特殊代表一般（如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者），以一般代表特殊（如用贼代表扒手），或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西（如用钢代表剑）e.g. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)

little old Japan: traditional Japanese houses

Metonymy: 换喻

A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of “Washington”for “the United States government”or of “the sword”for “military power”.

换喻，转喻：一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用“华盛顿”代替“美政府”或用“剑”代替“军事力量”

The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (Para. 7)

the kimono and the miniskirt: the Japanese culture and the western culture Irony：反语

The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning to achieve the humorous and ironic effect.

反语：用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法,以达到幽默和讽刺的效果。

e.g. Hiroshima—the “liveliest” City in Japan

This way I look at them and congratulate myself on the good fortune that my illness has brought me. (P. 17)

Climax: 层进法

A series of statements or ideas in an ascending order of rhetorical force or intensity.

层进法：在不断增强的修辞力度或强度中使用的一系列陈述和方法

Anti-climax: 渐降

Anti-climax, as used in the text, states one’s thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity from strong to weak, from weighty to light. It has achieved a humorous or surprised or even a sarcastic effect when the mayor was introducing his city to the visitors, who were expecting his answer to have something to do with the atom bomb, but who ironically heard “oysters” in the end.