含芴基水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能研究
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含芴基水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能研究
作者:赵艳娜薛瑜瑜张婷牛育华
来源:《中国造纸》2022年第02期
摘要:以聚己内酯二元醇(PCL2000)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为原料,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,制备水性聚氨酯预聚体,分别选择双酚芴(BPFL)和自制9,9-双[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]芴进行改性,得到改性水性聚氨酯(WPUS 和 GWPUS)乳液。对水性聚氨酯胶膜进行了结构表征与性能测试。结果表明,与水性聚氨酯(WPU)相比,WPUS 和 GWPUS胶膜的最大拉伸强度分别为42.54 MPa、32.82 MPa,最大断裂伸长率分别为711.83%,586.95%;吸水率分别降低了32.58%、45.81%。当胶膜分解90%时,WPUS和GWPUS胶膜的分解温度比WPU胶膜分解温度分别提高了33.16%和54.38%。对纸张进行表面施胶,相对于WPU纸,未老化WPUS纸和GWPUS纸的耐折度分别提高了37次和41次,老化后分别提高了14次和19次;未老化WPUS纸和GWPUS纸的抗张强度分别提高了33.57%、40.82%,老化后 WPUS纸和 GWPUS纸的抗张强度分别提高了24.20%、33.24%。
关键词:双酚芴;9,9-双[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]芴;水性聚氨酯;耐热性能;力学性能
中图分类号:TS727+.5; TQ314.2 文献标识码:A DOI:10.11980/j. issn.0254-
508X.2022.02.007
Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Containing Fluorenyl
ZHAO Yanna* XUE Yuyu ZHANG Ting NIU Yuhua
(Shaanxi Key Lab of Chemical Additivesfor Industry,Shaanxi University ofScience& Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi Province,710021)
(*E-mail:***************)
Abstract: The modified waterborne polyurethane emulsions(WPUS and GWPUS) were prepared by modifying the waterborne polyurethane pre-polymers which were synthesized with poly (caprolactone glycol)(PCL2000)and isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)as raw materials,
dihy⁃droxy methyl propionic acid(DMPA)as hydrophilic chain extender,and bisphenol fluorine (BPFL) and self-made 9,9-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorine as modifiers,respectively. The structure and properties of the waterborne polyurethane film were characterized. The results shown that compared with WPU,the maximum tensile strength of WPUS and GWPUS films were 42.54 MPa and 32.82 MPa,the maximum elongation at break were 711.83% and 586.95%,and water resistance increased by 32.58% and 45.81%,respectively. When the film was 90% decomposed,compared with WPU film,the decomposition temperature of WPUS and GWPUS film increased by 33.16% and 54.38%,respectively. After surface sizing,compared with WPU paper,the folding endurance of unaged WPUS and GWPUS papers in⁃ creased by 37 and 41 times while that of the aged counterparts increased by 14 and 19 times ;the tensile strength of unaged WPUS and GW⁃ PUS papers increased by 33.57% and 40.82%,while that of the aged counterparts increased by 24.20% and 33.24%.
Key words: bisphenol fluorene;9,9-bis[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl] fluorene;waterborne polyurethane;heat resistance;mechanical properties
水性聚氨酯(WPU)除具有软硬度可调、柔韧性好、黏结强度大等优良性能外,还具有环保的优点[1],在涂层、涂料和黏合剂等领域获得广泛应用[2-4]。但WPU 耐高温性能较差,当环境温度超过80℃后, WPU 材料一些重要性能,如 WPU 胶膜的拉伸强度、弹性模量均会有一定程度的下降,限制了其作为功能树脂方面的应用[5]。当环境温度超过200℃时,WPU 胶膜会发生热分解,因此WPU 的热性能成为了研究热点。影响WPU热性能的主要因素是软链段和硬链段,而WPU 中硬链段和软链段在热力学上具有自发分离的倾向[6-7]。硬链段聚集在一起,形成许多微区,分布于软段相中,形成微相分离结构。通过选择不同的嵌段和调节软硬段间的比例对WPU进行设计,从而合成出具有不同机械性能及热性能的WPU 以适应不同的应用要求[8-9]。Fang等人[10]以双酚A为原料制备改性 UV 固化 WPU,将刚性单元引入聚氨酯主链中,提高其耐热性。Gao 等人[11]通过制备水性UV 固化聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯(PUA)/环氧基丙烯酸酯(ERA)纳米复合材料,提高了 WPU 的耐碱能力、黏接强度和硬度。
双酚芴是一种含有 Cardo环骨架结构的双酚类化合物[12-13],常用于合成芴基环氧树脂、芴基苯并噁嗪树脂,芴基聚酯树脂等,Cardo环骨架的引入,可提高大分子的结构规整性和刚