(完整版)英语35种笑

英语35种“笑”
burst into laughter 突然大笑
crack a smile 展颜微笑，莞尔一笑
explode with laughter 哄堂大笑
force a smile 强作欢颜
burst into gales of laughter 爆发出阵阵笑声
grin with delight 高兴的咧嘴而笑
a hearty burst of laughter 一阵爽朗的欢笑
in stitches 笑不可支
laugh at 嘲笑
laugh it off 一笑而过
laughingstock 笑料；笑柄
laugh in the breeze 迎风欢笑
laugh oneself to death 差点没笑死
laugh people around into a better humour 笑得周围的人心情好起来
laugh a hearty laugh 放声大笑，开怀大笑
laugh and grow fat 心宽体胖
roars of laughter 大笑声
a saccharine smile 谄笑，谄媚的笑
roll in the aisles 乐不可支，笑得东倒西歪
scream with laughter 笑得前仰后合
snicker 窃笑
snort （讽刺、轻蔑地）高声大笑
shriek with laughter 尖声狂笑
smile shyly 羞嗒嗒地微笑
beam with smiles 笑容满面；笑逐颜开
be all smiles 笑容满面, 喜气洋洋
toothpaste smile [美口]牙膏广告上露出皓齿的微笑
simmer with laughter 忍俊不禁
smile on sb. 朝某人微笑
smirk 傻笑；假笑
smile bitterly 苦笑
giggle 咯咯地笑
grin 咧嘴而笑
grin from ear to ear 嘴咧得大大地笑
chuckle 轻声笑；咯咯笑
英美人的23种“走”法
供稿者：迪零巴? 迪久师
?
The baby crawled between her father’s legs. 婴儿在她父亲的双腿中间爬。

She crept up to him from behind. 她从后面蹑手蹑脚地走近他。

The old man hobbled along (the road) with the aid of his stick. 那老汉拄着拐杖一瘸一拐地走着。

The injured footballer limped slowly off the field. 受伤的足球队员跛着脚慢慢走出场地。

Don’t loiter on the way home! 不要在回家的路上闲逛!
The drunken man lurched along. 那个醉汉蹒跚而行。

He’s usually lurking somewhere near the bar. 他通常出没在酒吧附近。

Demonstrators marched through the streets. 示威者在街道中行进。

She paced the floor, waiting for the phone to ring. 她踱来踱去，等着电话铃响。

They had to plod wearily on up the hill. 他们不得不迈着疲倦的步子登上山。

He prowled the alleys of the city after dark. 天黑后他在城市的巷子里游荡。

The children rushed out of school. 孩子们飞快跑出学校。

The children scrambled out of the hollow tree. 孩子都从树洞里爬出来了。

The hungry marchers shambled slowly along the road. 行军的人饿得步履蹒跚在路上慢慢走着。

Walk properly—don’t shuffle. 好好走路——脚别蹭地。

I saw a drunk staggering up the street. 我看到一个醉汉在街上蹒跚而行。

He had strayed?from home while still a boy. 他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。

She strode majestically through the palace. 她威严地大步在宫殿中走过。

I used to stroll along the beach on Sundays. 我过去常在星期天沿海滩散步。

She strutted past us ignoring our greeting. 她神气活现地从我们跟前走过，我们打招呼她都不理。

He caught his foot on a tree root and stumbled. 他一只脚被树根绊住而跌倒了。

We trudged home through deep snow. 我们踏着很深的积雪，吃力地走回家。

A short plump woman came waddling along the pavement. 有个矮胖女子一摇一摆地沿人行道走来。

大吉大利过新年：
过春节必用的英文表达
Spring Festival Words
春节 The Spring Festival
农历
lunar calendar
正月
lunar January;
the first month by lunar calendar
除夕
New Year's Eve; eve of lunar New Year
初一
the beginning of New Year
元宵节
The Lantern Festival
过年
Guo-nian;
have the Spring Festival
celebrate the Spring Festival
扫房
spring cleaning;
general house-cleaning
去晦气
get rid of the ill- fortune
辞旧岁
bid farewell to the old year
对联
poetic couplet
春联
Spring Festival couplets
剪纸
paper-cuts
年画
New Year paintings
买年货
special purchases for the Spring Festival; do Spring Festival shopping
团圆饭
family reunion dinner
年夜饭
the dinner on New Year's Eve
年糕
Nian-gao; rice cake;
New Year cake
敬酒
propose a toast
烟花
fireworks
爆竹
firecrackers
守岁
staying-up
红包
red packets
舞狮
lion dance
舞龙
dragon dance
灯会
exhibit of lanterns
灯谜
riddles written on lanterns
拜年
pay New Year's call;
give New Year's greetings;
New Year's visit
祭祖宗
offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
Unit One
Leisure Activities
NEW COLLEGE ENGLISH （4）
Do animals have a sense of humor? Can you give an example?
What are the common types of humor mentioned in the text? Which types do you like better?
Why do you think that some people fall out of their chairs while the rest look as if the author has just read the weat her report?
What is the anatomy of a joke mentioned in the text? analyze the following jokes according to the three-part anato my.
My favorite example is the story of three elderly gentlemen traveling by train in England. As the train slowed for a stop the first man asked, “Is this Wembley?”“No,” said the second, “It’s Thursday.”“So am I,” said the third man. “Let’s stop for a beer.”
[ As the train slowed for a stop the first man asked, “Is this Wembley?”“No,” said the second, “It’s Thursday.” (Set up)] “So am I,” said the third man. “Let’s stop for a beer.” (Punch Line)]
One absent-minded professor approached the edge of a wide river, and far across on the other side he saw anoth er absent-minded professor. The first man called out loudly, “Hello! How do I get to the other side of the river?” T he second man on the far side of the river shouted back, “Hello! You are already on the other side of the river.”
[One absent-minded professor approached the edge of a wide river, and far across on the other side he saw anoth er absent-minded professor. (Setup)] [The first man called out loudly, “Hello! How do I get to the other side of the river?” (Body)] [The second man on the far side of the river shouted back, “Hello! You are already on the other sid e of the river.” (Punch Line)]
Humor is universal, but
people’s sense of
humor varies. (Para. 1-3)
Even animals have a
sense of humor. The
author’s dog is a
good example.
(Para. 4)
The typical three parts of a joke (Para. 5)
setup
body
punch line
Different forms of humor (Para. 6-12)
slap-stick
Chinese cross-talk
a play on words
puns
double entendres
Humor will persist even though some
professional humorists think today’s humor is
not very intelligent or sophisticated. (Para. 13)
1. Why is it that several students in a class will fall out of their chairs laughing after I tell a joke while the rest of th
e students look as i
f I’ve just read the weather report? (l. 10)
When I tell a joke, some students can understand it and laugh, but other students can not, so, for them, the joke see ms to be as common as the weather report.
为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？
Paraphrase
Translation
It is an emphatic sentence with special question, emphasizing the reason “why”. Present participle “laughing after I tell a joke” is used to modify “several students”.
Comments
这是一个强调原因的特殊疑问句。

现在分词“laughing after I tell a joke”修饰“several students”，表示伴随的状况。

Example
为什么每次我有重要约会时，脸上都会冒出一个很大的青春痘呢？
Why is it that every time I have
a hot date, I break out with a big
zit on my face?
嗯……这个工作最让你感兴趣的方面是什么呢？
Hmm, what is it that interests you most about
the job?
你上一次看见她是多久以前的事?
Howlongagoisitthatyoulastsawher？
2. A truly funny person has a joke for every occasion, when one is told, that triggers an entire string of jokes from t hat person’s memory bank. (l. 17)
A person with a full sense of humor can come up with kinds of jokes for different situations. When one joke is told , that joke starts a series of jokes that person has in his mind.
Paraphrase
Here “one” means “one joke”, and “that” refers to “one”.
这里one意思是“一个笑话”，that指的是one。

Comments
一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。

Translation
3. It helps if the story/joke teller uses gestures and language which are well known to the audience. (l. 36)
If the person can use some gestures and language when telling a joke or a story, the audience can understand the st ory or the joke better, because those gestures and language are familiar to them.
如果讲故事或说笑话的人使用听众都熟悉的手势和语言，则有助于增强效果。

Translation
Paraphrase
4. …,“What I mean to say is that there will be no more kissing going on under our noses.” (l. 94)
I want to say that students should stop kissing openly.
我的意思是不能再在我们的鼻子底下发生接吻这样的事了。

Translation
Paraphrase
The phrase “under our noses” has two meanings here. Literally, it means “on a spot under the nose”. Figuratively, “under someone’s nose” means “right in front of someone; quite openly”. So the school teacher’s explanation doesn ’t clarify her real meaning. Therefore, the misunderstanding comes.
短语“under our noses”有两层意思。

字面上是指“在鼻子下方”，比喻意义为“当着某人的面，公开的”。

而老师的解释并没有阐明她的意图，误会由此也产生了。

Comments
Translation of long sentences
1) Even when young, Blitzen would tease Grandma by very selectively carrying one of her bedroom slippers into t he living room where Grandma sat in her favorite, comfortable chair.
2) Whether these stories are cartoons or jokes, told by a slapstick comedian or a cross-talking team, they appeal to people everywhere as funny stories because they have a note of reality to them, and the unexpected punc
h line is quite funny.
3) I like the somewhat mild story of a school
teacher and a principal of a high school who are
concerned because some boys and girls have been seen kissing on the school playground.
4) As one who has enjoyed humor since I first
recognized it, I’ve made an attempt to explain and
discuss humor with students in such diverse
cultures as Latin America and China.
5) First is the SETUP (or setting), next is the BODY (or
story line), and these are followed by the PUNCH
LINE (an unexpected or surprise ending) which will
make the joke funny if it contains some humor.
该句的主句是“Blitzen would tease Grandma”。

第一部分“Even when young”是主句的时间状语，第三部分“by very selectively carrying one of her bedroom slippers into the living room”是方式状语，第四部分“where Grandma sat in her favorite”，“comfortable chair”是定语从句修饰“living room”。

1) Even when young (1), Blitzen would tease Grandma (2)by very selectively carrying one of her bedroom slippers into the living room (3) where Grandma sat in her favorite, comfortable chair (4).
通过对四个部分的整合，按照中文的时间顺序和逻辑顺序，该句译文应该为：
四部分分别译成中文是：
布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室。

（1）在小时候
（2）布利茨恩戏弄外祖母
（3）它叼一只她卧室的拖鞋来到起居室
（4）外祖母坐在她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上
该句的主句是“they appeal to people everywhere as funny stories”。

第一部分
“Whether these stories are cartoons or jokes, told by a slapstick comedian or a cross-talking team”为让步状语从句，第三部分是由两个并列句组成的原因状语从句。

2) Whether these stories are cartoons or jokes, told by
a slapstick comedian or a cross-talking team (1),
they appeal to people everywhere as funny stories (2)
because they have a note of reality to them, and the
unexpected punch line is quite funny (3).
无论这些故事是漫画还是笑话，是由演滑稽剧的喜剧演员说还是由搭档的相声演员讲，都为各地人们所喜爱。

人们喜爱这些有趣的故事，因为它们贴近现实生活，而且里面那些出人意料的妙语十分有趣。

（1）这些故事无论是漫画还是笑话，是由演滑稽剧的喜
剧演员说还是由搭档的相声演员讲
（2）它们都受人们喜爱
（3）因为它们贴近现实生活，而且里面那些出人意料的
妙语十分有趣
三部分分别译成中文是：
按照中文表达习惯，通过对三个部分的整合，并适当增添词语，该句译文为：
我喜欢那个关于一位中学教师和校长因看见学生在学校操场上接吻而感到担心的故事。

故事并不过火。

把较长的英语句子进行分解，译成两个或两个以上的汉语句子，称为拆分译法。

3) I like the somewhat mild story of a school
teacher and a principal of a high school who are
concerned because some boys and girls have been seen kissing on the school playground.
4) As one who has enjoyed humor since I first
recognized it, I’ve made an attempt to explain and
discuss humor with students in such diverse
cultures as Latin America and China.
我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上了它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。

这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。

What is humor?
第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。

如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。

5) First is the SETUP (or setting), next is the BODY (or
story line), and these are followed by the PUNCH
LINE (an unexpected or surprise ending) which will
make the joke funny if it contains some humor.
Unit One
Leisure Activities
NEW COLLEGE ENGLISH （4）
Translation
Group work:
Translate the following sentences into Chinese . Each group write your answers on a piece of paper and hand it in a
s soon as you finish it.
1) I like the somewhat mild story of a school
teacher and a principal of a high school who are
concerned because some boys and girls have been seen kissing on the school playground.
2) As one who has enjoyed humor since I first
recognized it, I’ve made an attempt to explain and
discuss humor with students in such diverse
cultures as Latin America and China.
3) First is the SETUP (or setting), next is the BODY (or
story line), and these are followed by the PUNCH
LINE (an unexpected or surprise ending) which will
make the joke funny if it contains some humor.
我喜欢那个关于一位中学教师和校长因看见学生在学校操场上接吻而感到担心的故事。

故事并不过火。

把较长的英语句子进行分解，译成两个或两个以上的汉语句子，称为拆分译法。

1) I like the somewhat mild story of a school
teacher and a principal of a high school who are
concerned because some boys and girls have been seen kissing on the school playground.
2) As one who has enjoyed humor since I first
recognized it, I’ve made an attempt to explain and
discuss humor with students in such diverse
cultures as Latin America and China.
我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上了它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。

这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。

What is humor?
第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。

如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。

3) First is the SETUP (or setting), next is the BODY (or
story line), and these are followed by the PUNCH
LINE (an unexpected or surprise ending) which will
make the joke funny if it contains some humor.
Translate the following sentences into English:
这出于自己的喜好。

有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更有音乐天赋一样。

你又上了我的当。

它广为不同年龄和不同文化背景的人所喜爱。

几乎每一位滑稽说笑演员都以这样或那样的方式讲过下面这个笑话。

无论是在乡村的舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，或是在广播、电视上，随处都能听到相声。

丁聪是位调皮话大师。

我认为这不是幽默的过错。

It has been a labor of love.
I fooled you again.
Some people have a better sense of humor than others just as some people have more musical talent.
这出于自己的喜好。

你又上了我的当。

有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更有音乐天赋一样。

It appeals to all ages and all cultures.
它广为不同年龄和不同文化背景的人所喜爱。

Nearly every comedian has used the following joke in one form or another.
Cross-talk can be heard anywhere from small village stages to the largest Beijing theaters, and to radio and televisi on.
几乎每一位滑稽说笑演员都以这样或那样的方式讲过下面这个笑话。

无论是在乡村的舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，或是在广播、电视上，随处都能听到相声。

Ding Cong is a master of word play.
丁聪是位调皮话大师。

I don’t think humor is to be blamed for that.
我认为这不是幽默的过错。

1. trigger (Line 18, Para. 3)
(v.) to start a chain of events;
be the immediate cause of (sth.
serious or violent) 触发，引发，为
（某严重或暴力的事件的）直接原因
请完成下面的句子。

Exercise
Kashmir issue incessantly _________________
________ between India and Pakistan.
克什米尔问题不断激起印巴之间的武装冲突。

This incident may ___________________.
这一事件可能会引起连锁反应。

trigger a chain reaction
triggers (off) armed
conflicts
(n.) lever for releasing a spring, esp. of a
firearm
(释放弹簧的)扳柄；(枪的)扳机；引爆器
请完成下面的句子。

Exercise
James Bond _______________________________
but failed in the end.
007试图伸手去够引爆器，但没有成功。

___________________ is made from a particular
material.
那把手枪的扳机是由一种特殊材料制作的。

The trigger of that gun
tried to reach his hand for the trigger
2. extend v.
(Line 24, Para. 4)
(extended, extension, extensive)
1. (of space, land, time, etc.) to reach, stretch, or continue （空间、时间的）延长，扩展
1) 这条路一直延伸到港口。

This road extends to the port.
2) 他们的停留期延长到新年期间。

Their stay extended into
the new year.
2. to make longer or greater, esp. so as to reach a desired station 使（空间、时间等）延长，伸展1) They extended the subway to the suburbs.
他们把地铁延长到郊区。

2) We extended the meeting another 20 minutes.
我们将会议再延长20分钟。

3. to stretch out (a part of one’s body) to the limit
伸出，展开（手、脚等）
The lady extended her hand to the guest.
那位女士伸出手来和客人握手。

4. (formal) to give or offer (help, friendship, etc.)
[正式] 给与（帮助、友谊等）
1) we’d like to extend a warm welcome to our
French visitors.
我们对法国朋友的到来表示热烈欢迎。

2) The kind people
extended help to
the refugees.
好心人们向难民伸
出援手。

Expressions:
extended family 大家庭（包括[外]祖父母、姑、姨等在内）
extend credit to sb. 向某人提供贷款
extend condolences/sympathies 致哀/慰唁
extend thanks to sb. （正式地）向某人致谢
an extensive knowledge of…渊博的······知识
3. mutual (adj.) (Line 25, Para. 4)
1) shared by two people and
directed towards each other
(used of feeling)
相互的, 彼此的 (指感情)
请完成下面的句子。

Exercise
__________________________ helped the players
of the Chinese women’s volleyball team achieve the
victory in the final.
互相的支持和鼓励帮助中国女排的队员取得了决赛
的胜利。

宽恕源于彼此的理解。

Forgiveness is due to ___________________.
mutual understanding
Mutual support and inspiration
2) shared by two or more people
共同的, 共有的
Mutual efforts are the key to success.
共同的努力是成功的关键。

Translation
她们发现她们对蔡依林的歌
有着共同的兴趣。

They found that they had a
mutual interest in Jolin
Tsai’s (Cai Yilin) songs.
4. present (adj.) /’preznt/ (Line 36, Para. 5) 1) in a particular place at a particular time
出席的；在场的
Translation
开幕式举行的时候你在场吗？
Were you present at the opening ceremony?
How many people were present at the meeting?
会议有多少人出席？
请掌握以下常见表达。

现政府
the present government
在目前
at the present time (day)
当前的形势
the present situation
现存的社会制度
the present social system
2) the time that is happening
现在的；现存的（做定语）
v. /pri’zent/
(1) to give something to someone, esp. at an official ceremony 赠给；献给；呈递
The students presented flowers
to their teacher.
学生们给老师献花。

Translation
她负责向委员会提出申请。

She is responsible for presenting the application to
the committee.
(2) to be the cause of a problem or difficulty ( present sb with sth )
引起问题或困难
利息下降给公司带来了一个新问题。

Falling interests rates present the firm with a new
problem.
Translation
那位关键队员的突然受伤让主教练感到非常头疼。

That key player’s sudden injury presented the head
coach with a big headache.
(n.) /’preznt/ gift 礼物；赠品
1. to make a strong request for help, support,
mercy, etc. 恳请，恳求，呼吁
1) We appealed to him for help.
我们向他求援。

2) She appealed to the kidnappers to release
her son. 她哀求绑架者释放她的儿子。

5. appeal
v.& n.
(appealing)
v.
(Line 44, Para. 7)
2. [not in progressive forms] to please, attract, or interest
吸引某人，投其所好
1) Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?
你对出国工作的主意感兴趣吗？
2) The magazine is intended to appeal to working
women in their 30s.
这本杂志的读者对象是三十几岁的职业女性。

3. to make a formal request to a court or someone in
authority to change the decision（提出）上诉，申诉
The defendant has appealed against a three-year sentence. 被告不服3年的判决而上诉。

1. a strong request for help, support, kindness, etc.
恳求，呼吁
1) an appeal to parents to supervise their children
对家长监护好孩子的呼吁
2) make/launch an urgent appeal for the famine victims
发出援助饥民的紧急呼吁
3)The United Nations’ appeal for a ceasefire has been largely ignored by both sides.
双方对联合国关于停火的呼吁不予理会。

n.
2. power to move the feelings; attraction; interest 感染力，吸引力
1) The film has great appeal for young audiences.
这部电影对年轻观众有巨大的吸引力。

2) Marilyn Monroe had
amazing sex appeal.
玛丽莲·梦露非常性感迷人。

3. a formal request to a court or to someone in
authority to change the decision 上诉；申诉
Expressions:
appeal to sb’s better nature / sense of honor / sense of justice
唤起某人的良知/荣誉感/正义感
lodge/enter an appeal 提出上诉
appealing look/voice 求助的目光/语气
6. value (n.) (Line 51, Para. 7)
1) regard highly; have a high
opinion of 看重；重视
Translation
对于健康和财富，你更看
重哪一个？
Which do you value most, wealth or health?
I’ve always valued your friendship/their suggestions.
我很珍惜你的友情/重视他们的建议。

(2) to calculate how much money something is worth 估……的价格；评价The necklace has been
valued at $8000.
这条项链被估价为8000美元。

Translation
If you want to sell your car you ought to have it
valued.
如果你想卖掉你的汽车，你应该找人为它估个价。

词义辨析
valueless (adj.) without value; worthless
无价值的；无用的
valuable (adj.) of great value, worth or
use 有很大价值的；贵重的；很有用的
invaluable (adj.) of value too high to be
measured 价值高到无法估量的；
无价的
Exercise
Her words proved __________ for me to complete
my task successfully.
invaluable
The metal looked like gold,
but in fact it was _________.
valueless
Talking with him is a waste of my ________ time.
valuable
请用 valueless , valuable或 invaluable填空。

1. a record or reminder in writing 记录，笔记
7. note n. & v.
n.
2. a short, usually informal letter 短签，便条
There was a note on the table left by my parents.
我父母在桌子上留了张便条。

1) She gave a brilliant speech and without any notes.
她做了个精彩的演讲，连讲稿都没有用。

2) I’ll write myself a note so I won’t forget
to ring the bank.
我会记下来，这样就不会忘了给银行打电话。

(Line 74, Para. 10)
3. a piece of paper money 纸币，钞票
Do you have a five-pound note?
你有五英镑的纸币吗？
4. a stated quality or feeling 特征，色彩
1) Her story brought a personal note to the debate on child care.
她的故事给这场关于育儿的争论添加了一丝个人色彩。

2) I detected a note of anger/anxiety/jealousy in his voice.
我从他的声音里听出了愤怒的/焦虑的/忌妒的口气。

5. a single musical sound of a particular length and
degree of highness or lowness 音调，音符
e.g. She has a good voice but
has trouble hitting the high
notes.
她嗓音很好，但唱高音时有困难。

1. to notice and remember; observe 注意，留意
1) I noted how her face reddened every time Ben’s
name was mentioned.
我注意到每一次提到本的名字，她就会脸红。

v.
2) Please note that this book
must be returned within a week.
请注意这本书必须在一周内归还。

2. to call attention to; remark 指出，特别提到
2) The report noted a complete disregard for the safety regulations.
报告特别提到人们对安全规定的漠视。

We have already noted that soybeans are a good source of protein.
我们已经说过，大豆含有丰富的蛋白质。

Expressions:
make a note of something 将某事记下来
thank-you note 感谢信
take/make notes 做笔记
a note of humor/sadness 一丝幽默/哀伤的色彩
strike/hit the right/wrong/false note
说对/错话；做对/错事
take note of 注意，注目
of note 著名的，重要的
1. delicate; not easy to notice, understand or explain
细微的；难以理解或捉摸的
1) a subtle flavor of oranges 少许的橙子味
2) The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them.
这些图片很相似，但它们之间有细微的差别。

8. subtle
adj.
(subtly, subtlety)
(Line 75, Para. 11)
2. clever in arrangement, esp. so as to deceive people
狡猾的，狡诈的
e.g. a subtle plan 狡猾的计划
3. very clever in noticing and understanding
e.g. a subtle critic 敏锐的批评家
a subtle mind 敏锐的头脑
Expressions:
subtleties of the language 语言中的一些微妙之处
1. to consider somebody or something responsible for something bad 把······归咎于
1) Do you blame him for the accident / the accident on him? 你是否将这个意外事件归罪于他呢？
2) They blamed the rise in oil prices for the big
increase in inflation.
他们把石油价格上涨归咎于通货膨胀的增大。

(blameless, blameworthy)
9. blame v. & n.
v.
(Line 102, Para. 13)
2. to find fault with 责备，非难
1) You are not to blame for what happened.
出了事不能怪你。

2) The documentary was blamed for its one-sided presentation of the strike.
人们纷纷批评那部纪录片只片面地反映了这场罢工。

n.
responsibility for something bad
1) The government cannot escape blame
for the state of the economy.
对于当前的经济现状，政府难逃其责。

2) You can’t expect him to take all the blame.
你不能指望他承担全部责任。

Expressions:
be to blame be responsible for something bad 承担责任，受到责备
get the blame be blamed 受到责难
put/lay the blame on say that something is someone else’s fault 把责任推到某人身上
get oneself to blame it is one’s own fault and no one else’s只能怪自己
1. having life, not dead 活着的
1) He is the greatest artist alive today.
他是现今在世最伟大的艺术家。

2) They managed to stay alive by eating berries and roots.
他们靠吃浆果和草根设法活下来。

2. full of life; active 活跃的；充满活力的
1) Although he is old, he is still very alive.
尽管他年纪很大，但还是很有活力。

2) His eyes are alive with hope.
他的眼睛因为充满希望而炯炯有神。

10. alive adj.
(Line 102, Para. 13)
Expressions:
come alive 变得有趣/逼真/有生气；（城市等）变得繁忙
be alive and well/kicking 健康愉快/健康活跃、活蹦乱跳
be alive to having full knowledge of; aware
意识到，注意到
be alive with be full of people, animals, or things that
are moving 充满了，到处都是
3. continue to exist 仍然存在的
Ancient traditions are still very much alive in rural areas.
古老的传统在农村地区仍然保存得非常完好。

having life; existing or continuing in operation or action 作补语，不可置于名词前，强调经过挫折各器官或组织仍有功能，甚至更有生机。

1) Despite the hard winter, the rosebush is still alive.
虽经严冬摧残，玫瑰丛依然生机勃勃。

2) The morally wounded man was unconscious but still
alive when taken to the hospital.
送到医院时，那名受了致命伤的男子虽不省人事，可还活着。

词汇辨析 alive, living
alive
means having life; full of vigor 可作前置修饰语放于名词前或作补语，强调生命健在，充满活力；活生生的 I have no living relatives.
我所有的亲戚都已作古。

2) Language is a living and continually
changing thing.
语言是一种活的、不断变化的东西。

living
11. persist (vi.) (Line 102, Para. 13)
to continue to exist; last
继续存在
高山顶上，积雪终年不化。

On the top of very high
mountains snow persists
throughout a year.
Translation
雾还有几天才能散，所以提醒司机谨慎驾驶。

Fog will persist for several days, so drivers are
warned to be careful.
(2) (-in) to continue doing something with determination in spite of opposition
坚持；执意
请完成下面的句子。

Exercise
如果你的弟弟继续制造麻烦，公司就不得不解雇他。

If your brother ______________________, the
company may have to dismiss him.
persists in causing trouble
The US president George. W. Bush _________
_________________ to Iraq.
美国总统布什坚持派更多军队前往伊拉克。

persists in
sending more troops
persistence (n.) persisting or being
persistent
坚持；固执；持续；存留
他表现出很大的毅力，最终他们不得不给了他那份
工作。

He showed such persistence that they finally had to
give him a job.
Translation
他们终于同意继续谈判，这是他坚持不懈的结果。

His persistence was rewarded when they finally
agreed to resume discussions.
形容词形式：persistent
adj. persisting, continuing, occurring again
and again 坚持的；固执的；持续的；一再发生的
词义辨析
insist 和persist
这两个动词短语都有“坚持”的意思，它们之间的区
别是：
1）insist“坚决主张”或“要求”，指坚持自己的
观点不容拒绝或反对；（如果后接宾语从句要用
虚拟语气）
persist 则指不顾别人的劝告、反对、或“不
畏困难继续做某事”和“继续存在”的意思。

2）后边搭配的介词不同 (insist on; persist in)
Exercise
The cold weather will _______ for the rest of the
week.
persist
She always _________ the importance of being
punctual (严格守时的，准时的).
insists on
I _______ he come with us.
insisted
请用 insist 或 persist 填空。

Mary __________ singing although her friends
asked her not to.
persisted in
Homework:
Translate the following sentences into Chinese on your exercises books and hand them in next Monday.
1. Exceptions occurred when one twin had developed a rather severe illness and the other had not; but on the whol
e everyone is impressed by the great psychological and physical likenesses that exist between identical twins, even those who have been separated from infancy.
2. But of all the scientists, perhaps the ones doing the most important－and most controversial－work are those who study nature and nurture, that age-old question of how we come to be the kind of people
we are.
3. An exhaustive study of how “typical” parents talk with their children during the first few years of their life has y ielded a mountain of valuable data and some initial findings with serious social implications.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
Post-Reading
Completing the Sentences
Filling in the Blanks
Translation
V ocabulary
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
V ocabulary
Choose the right word from the following groups of words to fill in each blank. Change the form if necessary.
1) entertain entertaining entertainment entertainer
A. I couldn’t put down the ___________ novel.
B. The bride’s parents arranged for the ____________
at the reception.
C. We __________ a group of exchange students from
Japan.
D. John has wanted to be an __________ ever since
he was young.
entertaining
entertainment
entertained
entertainer
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
V ocabulary
2) recognize recognizable recognition
A. Bill is ___________ from the many movies he
has appeared in.
B. I ___________ the man who tried to mug me.
C. The witness’s ____________ of David led to
his arrest.
recognizable
recognized
recognition
B. Tom had to struggle against the
__________ to spend more
money than he earned.
C. I tried to _____ my coworker to
leave work early.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
V ocabulary
3) tempt temptation tempting
A. The display of fresh fruit looked _________. tempting
temptation
tempt
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading>> V ocabulary V ocabulary
4) reason (v.& n.) reasonable reasoning (n.)
A. The student ____________ thoughtfully before
answering the question.
B. My English teacher showed me why my ________
was faulty.
C. Bill gave a ____________ excuse for his lateness.
D. Let me give you one ________ why the work of
these researchers is so vital.
reasoned
reasoning
reasonable
reason
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
V ocabulary
5) analyze analysis analytical analyst
A. The lab technician _________ the blood samples.
B. The _________ methods of the investigator
revealed the identity of the murderer.
C. The market _______ was fired because he didn’t。