as与-which的区别

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非限制性定语从句which和as的用法汇总一篇

非限制性定语从句which和as的用法汇总一篇

非限制性定语从句which和as的用法汇总一篇非限制性定语从句which和as的用法 1非限制性定语从句which和as的用法一、相同之处当从句位于主句之后,引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时,as 和which可以互换。

如:The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.大家都看得出,这头大象像条蛇。

A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.据电视报道,昨夜那里发生了大地震。

She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.她来自上海,那是我从她的口音知道的。

二、不同之处1、as引导非限制性定语从句时,位置比较灵活,可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引导非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后,不能位于主句之前。

如:_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.Which答案:B_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior highschools is increasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It答案:BAir,as we know,is a gas.众所周知,空气是一种气体。

He is very careful,as his work shows.他的工作表现表明他非常谨慎。

as引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同.那样”的含义,因此在一些固定结构中,如:as we know;as is known to all(众所周知)as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)as might be imagined(可以想象得到)as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)as is often the case(情况通常是这样)以上种种固定搭配,一般不能用which代替as。

as和which引导定语从句的区别

as和which引导定语从句的区别

as和which引导定语从句的区别as和which引导定语从句的区别导语:As 和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句,在用法上有一些区别。

欢迎阅读!1.as 和which都可以在定语从句中作主语,宾语,既可修饰一个词也可修饰前面的整个句子。

A.She accepted his proposal, as(which)was natural.她接受了她的求婚,这是自然而然的。

B.The boy is pretty handsome, as(which)we can see in our classroom.这个男孩非常的帅气,正如我们在教室看到。

2.as 在非限定性定语从句中的使用2.1 as可以放在主句之前,主句之后,也可以放在句中,可以说位置很灵活。

但是which常用在主句之后A.As we know,technology just like a engine to push the development of economics.众所周知,技术就像是引擎推动着经济的'发展。

B.The diva,as you know, is famous throughoutthe world.这个女歌剧演唱家,正如你知道的,在全世界都出名。

C.He has stood her up, which I don`t believe.他没有赴约,这事我不相信。

2.2 as与the same,such 连用时,用as。

A.This is the same phone as I have borrowed from my sister.这个手机和我向我姐姐借的一样。

B.I have never had such a chance to make a speech as I always imagined.我从没有这样一个机会去演讲,正如我一直想象的那样。

2.3在从句中谓语动词为被动语态,缺少主语时用as,不用which。

as which在定语从句中 区别

as which在定语从句中 区别

as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别1.as引导的非限制性定语从句1)位置灵活,可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末;2)先行词不可是一个词,必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容;3)有“正如、像”等意思,表依据、评论(、态度、看法)等;如:a.This elephant is like a snake,as anybody can see.像任何人都能看见那样,这头象像条蛇。

b.He failed in the exam, as we had expected.c.Tom has passed the test, as everybody knows.正如每个人所了解的那样,汤姆通过了考试。

【比较:Bamboo is hollow,which makes it very light.竹子是空的,这就使得它很轻。

】4)常用以下谓语动词的主、被动语态:know, see, say, expect, imagine, hope, believe,announc e, suggest, report, point out…,例:a.主动(做宾):as we all know, as you know,as everybody knows;as you see, as wecan see,as we have seen, as anybody can see; as was expected; as we canimagine,as we have imagined…a)As we all know, the earth is round.b)He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.c)Mike, as we expected, attended the meeting.像我们所期望的那样,迈克参加了会议。

b.被动(做主):as is known to everybody,as is known to all; as has been expected;as is often the case (with …),as has been pointed out, as is usual with, as isreported in the newspaper…a)He is an honest man, as is known to all.b)As is often the case with young people, he was overconfident.c)He wasn't unconscious,as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知觉,这从他的眼神可以判断出来。

as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as 和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别1,as引导的非限制性定语从句,位置灵活,可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末;先行词不可是一个词,必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容;有“正如、像”等意思,表依据、评论(、态度、看法)等;如:This elephant is like a snake,as anybody can see.像任何人都能看见那样,这头象像条蛇。

He failed in the exam, as we had expected.Tom has passed the test, as everybody knows. 正如每个人所了解的那样,汤姆通过了考试。

【比较:Bamboo is hollow,which makes it very light.竹子是空的,这就使得它很轻。

】常用以下谓语动词的主、被动语态:know, see, say, expect, imagine, hope, believe, announce, suggest, report, point out…, 例:主动(做宾):as we all know, as you know, as everybody knows; as you see, as we can see, as we have seen, as anybody can see; as was expected; as we can imagine, as we have imagined…As we all know, the earth is round.He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.Mike, as we expected, attended the meeting.像我们所期望的那样,迈克参加了会议。

被动(做主):as is known to everybody, as is known to all; as has been expected; as is often the case (with …),as has been pointed out, as is usual with, as is reported in the newspaper…He is an honest man, as is known to all.As is often the case with young people, he was overconfident.He wasn't unconscious,as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知觉,这从他的眼神可以判断出来。

英语as与which引导非限制性定语从句之区别

英语as与which引导非限制性定语从句之区别

英语as与which引导非限制性定语从句之区别:练习题。

这类定语从句只能由which或as引导。

两者之间的区别在于:1. which引导的定语从句只能位于主句后,但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。

如:David, as you know, is a photograopher. (不可用which)Li Ming is late, as is often the case. (不可用which)2. as在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词,但which不受此限制。

如:Li Ming was late, which (=and this) made Mr. Zhang very angry. (不可用as)3. as引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事,但which不受此限制。

如:He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了,这是出乎意料的。

(不可用as)4. as有“正如”之意,而which则意为“这(件事,一点)”,可用and this/that/it来代替。

5. as多用于固定搭配中:as is often the case(这是常有的事),as was expected(不出所料),as often happens(正如经常发生的那样),as is known to all(众所周知),as has been said before(如上所述),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。

注:which代表整个句子,还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion 等。

如:I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you.As的高考知识点归纳1.as做关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句2.as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代逗号前的整个句子(即先行词),常翻译为“正如,正像”,可置于句首或句末。

as和which在非限制性定语从句中的区别

as和which在非限制性定语从句中的区别

as和which在非限制性定语从句中的区别作者:王艳霞来源:《新课程·教师》2010年第10期在非限制性定语从句中as和which是经常使用的关系代词,他们都可以指代整个主句,相当于and this或and that,但它们还是有各自的使用规则,有所区别。

一、从意义上看,as一般指代人们日常生活中都知道的常识性的东西,因而常被译成“正如”;而which代指前面主句的内容,意为“这一点”。

二、从位置上看,as引导的非限制性定语从句,既可放在主句前又可置于主句后,有时还可插入主句中,而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。

例如:The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect.结果天气非常好,这一点我们没有料到。

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.The moon travels round the earth once every month,as/which is known to everybody.众所周知,月亮每月绕地球转一次。

三、当定语从句放在主句后面时,一般用as和which都可以,但也不总是这样,例如:1.当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定意思时只能用which。

如:He came here very late,which was unexpected(not expected).他迟到了,这是意料之外的。

2.当as在从句中作主语时,后面常接动词的被动语态,如be known、be said、be reported、be announced等。

如果从句是主动语态,一般用which作主语,如:She has been absent again,as is expected.她又缺席了,这在意料之中。

as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析

as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析

as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析一、as和which都能引导的定语从句当非限定性定语从句置于句末时,as和which都可用来引导这个定语从句。

二、只能用which引导的定语从句1. 在限定性定语从句中。

2. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,只能用which。

3. 当后置的非限定性定语从句是否定结构时,只能用which引导。

三、只能用as引导的非限定性定语从句1. 置于句首时,非限定性定语从句只能用as引导。

2. 在the same...as 结构中,意思是“像……那样的”。

3. 在as...as结构中,意思是“像……那样的”。

as作从属连词用时,可以引导五种状语从句。

现归纳如下:1. as表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生,从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。

例如:As I waited at the stop,I heard a big noise.She rose up as he entered.2. as表示“因为”、“由于”,引导原因状语从句,其语气不如because强,通常为附加说明的理由,且是已知晓的原因,主句与从句没有逻辑上的因果关系。

例如:As she was not well, I went there alone.As he is a tailor, he knows what to do with this material.3. as表示“虽然……但是……”,引导让步状语从句,从句通常用倒装语序,把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在as前面,可以用though替代。

例如:Child as he is, he knows a lot. Hard as it was raining,they went on working in the field.4. as表示“按照”、“依照”、“像”,引导方式状语从句,从句置于主句之后。

例如:You should do as the teacher tells you.The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space as they do from the earth.5. as表示“像……一样”,引导比较状语从句,对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较,说明它们之间有相似之处,在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。

as_和which的区别

as_和which的区别

which与as引导非限制性定语从句的异同which与as一样,都可以引导非限制性定语从句,它们既有相同之处,也有差别。

因此在实际运用中容易混淆。

它们的某些用法在高考中也会考查。

一.相同点。

两者引导非限制性定语从句时,可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容,在从句中做主语,宾语或表语,位于主句之后有时可互换。

The meeting was put off, as /which was exactly what we wanted.He was a doctor, as/which I knew from his manner.二.不同点1. as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况,因此引导的非限制性从句位置比较灵活,as可以放在主句前后,也可插入主句之中;而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后。

As is known to all, fish can’t live without water.Air, as we know, is gas.2.在非限制性从句中,which后的be动词不可省;as而后的be动词可以省略。

She told me she won the match , which was a lie. The material is elastic, as (was) shown in the figure.3. which在非限制性定语从句做主语时可用各类动词做谓语;而as/which在非限制性定语从句做主语时,谓语常用连系动词,如be, seem, become等,一般不用其他行为动词。

He saw the girl, which delighted him.He didn’t say anything at the meeting , as/which seemed very strange.4. 如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用which She has married again, as was expected.He broke the rules again, which was unexpected.5.如表示“如同。

which与as引导定语从句的区别 之谈

which与as引导定语从句的区别 之谈

which与as引导定语从句的区别之谈常见的定语从句引导词一般为关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that 和关系副词:when,why,where. 而作为比较另类的as用作关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句,有时候就被大家忽略了。

众所周知,which与as都可以引导定语从句,但它们有许多用法上的区别,现就此简要分析如下:一、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别:1.Which只能放在主句后面,而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活,可在前,可在中,也可在后。

例如:A)As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)B)Air, as we know, is a gas.(在中)C)He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.(在后)2.在which引导的定语从句中,谓语动词若是am, is, are则这些系动词不能省略;而as 后面若是这种情况,则可以省略。

例如:A)He is a teacher, as (is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B)He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was不可省略)3.当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时,可以用and this,and that代替,意思是“这件事”例如:A)He changed his mind, which(and this, and that)made me very angry.他改变了主意,这使我很生气。

B)She has married again, which(=and this, and that)was unexpected.出乎意料的是,她又结婚了。

而as主要起与上下文连接的作用,表达说话人的看法、观点,并指出主句内容的出处或根据等,例如:C)Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦,众所周知,是位伟大的科学家。

as_which引导定语从句的区别

as_which引导定语从句的区别

众所周知,which与as都可以引导定语从句,但它们有许多用法上的区别,现就此简要分析如下:一、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别:1.Which只能放在主句后面,而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活,可在前,可在中,也可在后。

例如:A) As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)B) Air, as we know, is a gas.(在中)C) He was a foreigner,as I know from his accent.(在后)2.在which引导的定语从句中,谓语动词若是am, is, are则这些系动词不能省略;而as后面若是这种情况,则可以省略。

例如:A) He is a teacher, as (is) clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B) He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was 不可省略)3.当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时,可以用and this,and that 代替,意思是“这件事”例如:A) He changed his mind, which(and this, and that)made me very angry.他改变了主意,这使我很生气。

B) She has married again, which(=and this, and that)was unexpected.出乎意料的是,她又结婚了。

而as主要起与上下文连接的作用,表达说话人的看法、观点,并指出主句内容的出处或根据等,例如:C)Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦,众所周知,是位伟大的科学家。

D)As is announced in today’s newspaper, we must improve our style of work.今天的报纸上说,我们必须改进工作作风。

as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别作者:董军权来源:《广东教育·高中》2013年第11期在教学实践中,尤其在批改作文中笔者发现,有的学生对as与which引导非限制性定语从句的用法模棱两可,含混不清。

下面从两者的用法区别展开说明,以便正确地使用。

1. 从指代的异同来说,as指代整个句子;which指代整个句子或者主句中的某个成分。

如:She is not unconscious,as can be judged from her eyes.她并未失去知觉,这从她的眼睛里可以看出。

(as指代整个句子)Mother always asked him to study hard,which helped him a lot. 他妈妈总是让他刻苦学习,这一点对他帮助很大。

(which指代整个句子)The house, which was built fifty years ago, stood still in the earthquake. 这所建造于50多年前的房子,在地震中依然耸立着。

(which指代具体的先行词)2. 就主句与从句的位置关系来说,as引导的从句可放在主句的前面或者主句的后面;which引导的从句只能放在主句的后面。

如:As everybody knows, knowledge is power. 众所周知,知识就是力量。

Knowledge is power, as everybody knows.众所周知,知识就是力量。

Knowledge is power, which is accepted widely all over the world.知识就是力量,这一点世界公认。

3. 从意义上来说,as意为“正如,像,由……而知”; which意为“这就使得,这一点”。

如:He is a great hero, as is described in the report.正如在报道中描述的一样,他是一个伟大的英雄。

as、which引导的非限制性定语从句区别

as、which引导的非限制性定语从句区别

Which、as引导非限制性定语从句区别
1、语义的区别
当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;
He made a long speech,as we expected.
当主句和从句语义转折不一致时,用which,
He made a long speech,which was un expected.
2、位置的区别
看到句首一定用as,which不可能放在句首。

as we all know,众所周知
as is mentioned above,正如上文所提到的
as often happens,正像经常发生的
as is often the case,正如通常的情况
As is well known,众所周知
3、含义的区别
as有“正如”的含义,which没有此含义。

As is well known,Shanghai is a big city.
Some of the roads were flooded,which made our journey more difficult.
4、否定句用which
Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife d oesn’t like at all.
5、从句谓语是be或者联系动词时,用as、which均可;但从句
谓语是行为动词时则用which做主语:
He married her, as/which was natural. He saw the girl, which delighted him.。

定语从句as和which的用法

定语从句as和which的用法

定语从句as和which的用法定语从句是我们中学时期开始就一直陪伴我们度过各种考试一种长难句。

不知道小伙伴们有没有这样的感受,那就是虽然学了这么多年的定语从句,但是在做题的过程中,碰上了定语从句依然是一筹莫展,下面先和小编一起来看一下定语从句中关系代词as和which 的区别。

1. 互换的情况:两者有时可互换。

如:I live a long way from work, as [which] you know.我住得离工作单位很远,这你是知道的。

2. 只有as的情况:以下两种情况,习惯只用as,不用which。

①在such, as, the same后引导定语从句时只能用ash。

如:I never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事。

It’s the same story as I heard yesterday. 这故事跟我昨天听到的一样。

This is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅。

②当从句位于主句前面时,只用as。

如:As is known to everybody, the moon travels round t he earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周,这是每个人都清楚的。

3. 值得注意的情况:以下三种情况值得注意。

①as 引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致,但which无此限制。

比较:He went abroad, as [which] was expected. 他出国了,这是大家预料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了,这让大家感到很意外。

(不用as)②as 引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词,而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念,而which 则无此限制。

as和which的异同

as和which的异同

3)as和which的异同相同点:在非限制性定语从句中,均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。

如从句在主句之后,两者皆可用。

They failed in the exam,as /which is natural.She seems a scientist, as/which in fact she is .不同点:a 从句在主句之前用asAs we all know, his parents were killed in this war .b 表示顺从关系用as 表示转折、因果关系用whichHe has passed the exam, as we expect .He has passed the exam,which we don’t expect .Bamboo is hollow , which makes it light .c as后面多加系动词,which后面多加实义动词The earth travels around the sun , as is known to all .d Such…as/as…as /the s ame…asI have never heard such stories as he tells .The village is the same as it was four years ago .定语从句(2)二、关系副词Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the reason why he was late for class.1定语从句中的关系词的选择原则:判断是用关系代词或是用关系副词,要看先行词在从句中所起的作用,当先行词是表时间、地点和原因的词时,一定要分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语和宾语时,关系词应该用which或that ,缺少时间、地点或原因状语时,才能用when、where 或why.A. This is the factory ____we worked.B. This is the factory ____we visited last year .A. I won’t forget the year ____ he studied in our school .B .I won’t forget the year ____ he spent in our school .A. The reason ____ he can’t come is that he is ill .B. The reason ____ he put forth is very important .三、介词加关系代词结构的用法1)名词+of which/whom结构,常常可以转化为whose+名词结构。

as_which引导定语从句的区别

as_which引导定语从句的区别

众所周知,which与as都可以引导定语从句,但它们有许多用法上的区别,现就此简要分析如下:一、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别:1.Which只能放在主句后面,而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活,可在前,可在中,也可在后。

例如:A) As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)B) Air, as we know, is a gas.(在中)C) He was a foreigner,as I know from his accent.(在后)2.在which引导的定语从句中,谓语动词若是am, is, are则这些系动词不能省略;而as后面若是这种情况,则可以省略。

例如:A) He is a teacher, as (is) clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B) He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was 不可省略)3.当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时,可以用and this,and that 代替,意思是“这件事”例如:A) He changed his mind, which(and this, and that)made me very angry.他改变了主意,这使我很生气。

B) She has married again, which(=and this, and that)was unexpected.出乎意料的是,她又结婚了。

而as主要起与上下文连接的作用,表达说话人的看法、观点,并指出主句内容的出处或根据等,例如:C)Einstein, as we know, is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦,众所周知,是位伟大的科学家。

D)As is announced in today’s newspaper, we must improve our style of work.今天的报纸上说,我们必须改进工作作风。

as与which的区别

as与which的区别

外教一对一
as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not
例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.
文章来源:。

as which 的区别

as which 的区别

1、as与which的用法区别:(1)引导限制性定语从句时,在such,as,thesame后只能用as,其他情况用which:如:I never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事。

It's the same story as I heard yesterday. 这故事跟我昨天听到的一样。

This is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅。

(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,有时两者可互换:如:I live a long way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得离工作单位很远,这你是知道的。

(3)但在,在以下情况引导非限制性定语从句时,两者不可换用:①当从句位于主句前面时,只用as:如:As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周,这是每个人都清楚的。

②as引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致,which无此限制:如:He went abroad, as[which] was expected. 他出国了,这是大家预料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了,这让大家感到很意外。

(不用as)③as引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词,而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念,而which则无此限制:如:The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。

(不用as)④当as引导非限制性定语从句作主语时,其谓语通常应是连系动词,而不宜是其他动词,而which则无此限制:如:She has married again, as[which] seemed natural. 她又结婚了,这似乎很自常。

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as和which引导定语从句的区别
我们先看两道高考题:
1._____ is known to all,China will be an _____ powerful country in 20
or 30years'time.
A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing 2.He made another wonderful discovery,_____ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think is
分析:第一题考查了as在从句中作主语的定语从句,意为“正如”,而ad- vanced country表示发达国家;第二题考查了which引导的非限制性定语从句,I think是插入语。

这两个句子分别含有as和which引导的定语从句,现就其用法作一说明:
一、as引导的定语从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、依据、解释或评论。

具有下列特点:
1.as用于引导定语从句时,具有“正如……、像……、由……而知”等语义。

如:
He was strongly against the plan,as could be expected.(正如所料,他强烈反对这项计划。


As he hoped he would,he saw the girl.(像他希望的那样,他见到了那个女孩。

)2.as引导的定语从句在语义上要和主句保持一致,而which可不一定,如果语义不一致,则要用which来替代as。

如:
He married again,as(which)was natural.(他又结婚了,这是自然的。


3.as引导的定语从句,其先行词可由以下词来修饰,the same /such /as等。

也可以由
which来改写,但不可直接替换。

如:
This is the same sum as was spent in that year on private motoring.=This is
the sum which was spent in that year on private motoring.(这与那年用于私人汽车所花的费用相同。


4.as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句之后,也可放在主句之前。

但which只能放在主句之后。

如:
As we have seen,oceans cover more than 70%of the earth.(如我们所见,海洋覆盖地球70%多的面积。


He seemed a foreigner,which in fact he was.(他看上去像个外国人,事实上他就是。

)5.as在定语从句中作宾语时,从句的谓语动词常是see /watch /know /hear等表示感知的动词,且谓语动词前带有情态动词can /could /may等,此外常用的动词还有say /
tell /remember等。

如:
It was true,as everybody could know.(这是真的,大家都知道。


6.as在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词可以是及物动词的被动语态,也可以是be或其它连系动词。

如是不及物动词,则不存在以上关系。

可以说as often hap- pens(appears)等。

如:
He came back yesterday,as was ex- pected.(他如期昨日返回。


二、which引导的此类从句,是对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明,表明事物的状态或结果。

一般有下列特点:
1.如果定语从句的谓语是行为动词的主动语态,且关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般要用which,这时which可以用and that改写为并列句。

如:
Things then greatly changed,which surprised us.=Things then greatly changed,and that surprised us.(那时事情巨变,使我们惊讶。


2.由“介词+关系代词”引导的关系分句多用于正式文体中,常用“介词+which”,不用“介词+as”。

如:
They tried to think of a plan by which they could finish their task ahead of time.(他们试图想个计划,以便提前完成任务。


三、在与上述几条不冲突的情况下,as和which可以换用。

如:
A horse is a useful animal,as /which everybody knows.(众所周知,马是有用的动物。


练习:
1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_____ ,of course,made the others unhappy.(NMET 2000)
A.who B.which C.this D.that
2.The weather turned out to be very good,_____ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it
3.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30P.M._____ many people have gothome.(上海95)
A.whose time B.that C.on which D.by which
4._____ ,the Great Wall came into being in Qin Dynasty.
A.It's clear B.We all know C.As we all know D.Which we all know
5.As many members were present _____ agreed to the plan.
A.who B.that C.which D.as
6._____ is known to everybody,the moon trav- els round the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)
A.It B.As C.That D.What
(参考答案:1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B)。

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