初中英语教学能手理论考试汇总
2024年教师资格考试初级中学学科知识与教学能力英语试题及答案指导
2024年教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、The teacher explains the grammar rules in an interesting way to make the students better understand. Which of the following is the most suitable teaching strategy?A. DemonstrationB. DiscussionC. Guided discoveryD. Inquiry-based learning答案：D解析：本题考查教学策略。
根据题干，教师用有趣的方式讲解语法规则，使学生对知识有更好的理解。
这种教学策略是探究式学习（Inquiry-based learning），即通过学生主动探究、发现和解决问题的过程来学习知识。
A项“演示”，B项“讨论”，C项“引导发现”均不符合题意。
因此，正确答案是D。
2、When teaching the new word “environment”,the teacher uses the following sentence to help students memorize the word: “The environment is very beautiful here.” What teaching method does the teacher use here?A. RepetitionB. AssociationC. ContextualizationD. Translation答案：C解析：本题考查教学方法。
根据题干，教师在教授新词”environment”时，用句子”The environment is very beautiful here.”来帮助学生记忆。
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力试卷与参考答案(2024年)
2024年教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力复习试卷与参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、What is the main function of the verb “do” in the sentence “They do not like playing video games.”?A. Auxiliary verbB. Main verbC. Modal verbD. Object verb答案：A解析：In the given sentence, “do” is used as an auxiliary verb to form the negative. It helps in forming the negative present simple tense. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Auxiliary verb.2、In the following sentence, identify the subject-verb agreement error.The students, each having their own opinions, discuss the issue.A. There is no error in subject-verb agreement.B. The error is in the use of “having” instead of “have.”C. The error is in the use of “discuss” instead of “discusses.”D. The error is in the use of “the students” instead of “students.”答案：D解析：The error in the subject-verb agreement is in the use of “the students” instead of “students.” The correct form should be “students discuss” because “students” is a plural noun and requires a plural verb form. Therefore, the correct answer is D. The error is in the use of “the students” instead of “students.”3、The sentence “The book is so fascinating that I couldn’t put it down.” uses the phrase “couldn’t put it down” to express the speaker’s feeling. Which of the followi ng phrases is closest in meaning to “couldn’t put it down”?A)couldn’t stop reading itB)didn’t want to finish itC)didn’t find it interestingD)didn’t understand itAnswer: A) couldn’t stop reading itExplanation: The phrase “couldn’t put it down” is used to desc ribe the feeling of being so engaged in something that you cannot stop doing it. “couldn’t stop reading it” is the closest phrase that conveys this meaning, indicating that the speaker was so fascinated by the book that they couldn’t stop reading it.4、In the following dialogue, which sentence is an example of a yes/no question?A)“How is your family doing today?”B)“Do you have any plans for the weekend?”C)“Are you going to the party tonight?”D)“Can you help me with my homework?”Answer: C) “Are you going to the party tonight?”Explanation: A yes/no question is one that can be answered with a simple yes or no. “Are you going to the party tonight?” is a clear example of a yes/no question because it asks a direct question that can only be answered with a yes or no. The other sentences are open-ended questions that invite a more detailed response.5、In the following sentences, which one uses the correct past perfect tense?A. He had finished the project before he left the company.B. He finishes the project before he left the company.C. He finished the project after he left the company.D. He finished the project when he left the company.Answer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “A” because the past perfect tense is used to express an action that was completed before another past action. In this case, “he had finished the project” indicates that the action of finishing the project happened before he left the company.6、Choose the sentence that correctly uses the present perfect tense.A. I have just arrived at the station.B. I have arrived at the station already.C. I arrived at the station.D. I was arriving at the station when the train left.Answer: AExplanation: The present perfect tense is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present or has a present result. In this case, “I have just arrived at the station” correctly uses the present perfect tense to indicate that the action of arriving has a present result. The other options either do not use the present perfect tense or incorrectly use past simple or past continuous tense.7、The teacher is using a visual aid to help students understand the new vocabulary. Which of the following is the most appropriate visual aid for teaching the word “metropolis”?A) A map of a small townB) A picture of a skyscraperC) A graph showing population growthD) A video of a rural landscapeAnswer: B) A picture of a skyscraperExplanation: The word “metropolis” refers to a large city, often with a significant population and economic importance. A picture of a skyscraper is a visual representation of an urban environment, which would be most appropriate for teaching the word “metropolis.” The other options (A, C, D) do not directly relate to the concept of a large city.8、In a lesson on the past continuous tense, the teacher wants to elicit the correct form of the sentence “I______(watch) TV when he called me.” Whichof the following prompts is the most effective for helping students produce the correct past continuous form?A)“What was I doing when he called me?”B)“What did I do while he called me?”C)“When did I watch TV?”D)“What did I do at that time?”Answer: A) “What was I doing when he called me?”Explanation: The past continuous tense is used to describe an action that was happening at a specific point in the past. The prompt “What was I doing when he called me?” correctly elicits the past continuous form “was watching” to complete the sentence “I was watching TV when he called me.” The other options either use the simple past tense or do not fit the context of the past continuous tense.9、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A) If I was you, I would take the job.B) If I were you, I would take the job.C) If I am you, I would take the job.D) If I be you, I would take the job.Answer: BExplanation: The correct answer is B because the subjunctive mood is used to express hypothetical or contrary-to-fact conditions. He re, “were” is used instead of “was” to express an imaginary situation.10、Identify the type of the sentence: “Do your homework quickly!”A) DeclarativeB) InterrogativeC) ImperativeD) ExclamatoryAnswer: CExplanation: The correct answer is C because the sentence is giving a command or making a request, which is characteristic of an imperative sentence. The use of the base form of the verb “do” along with the exclamation mark emphasizes the command.11.The teacher is using a group discussion activity to teach the students about the main idea of a text. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true in this situation?A)The teacher is encouraging students to work individually.B)The teacher is providing the main idea to the students.C)The teacher is facilitating a group discussion to identify the main idea.D)The teacher is asking students to write a summary of the text.Answer: C) The teacher is facilitating a group discussion to identify the main idea.Explanation: In this context, the teacher is using a group discussion to engage students in identifying the main idea of a text, which is an effective strategy for collaborative learning and comprehension.12.In the context of teaching a new vocabulary word, which of the following activities is most effective for helping students remember and understand the word?A)Reading the word in a sentence and moving on.B)Writing the word multiple times in a paragraph.C)Creating a visual representation of the word using drawings or symbols.D)Asking students to define the word and then use it in a sentence.Answer: D) Asking students to define the word and then use it in a sentence.Explanation: Encouraging students to define a new vocabulary word and then use it in a sentence helps reinforce understanding and retention. It also allows the teacher to assess the students’ comprehension and usage of the word.13、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A) If I was you, I would take the job.B) If she were me, she wouldn’t go.C) If he be a doctor, he would give you advice.D) If they was here yesterday, they would have seen the accident.Answer: B) If she were me, she wouldn’t go.Explanation: The subjunctive mood is used to express hypothetical or contrary-to-fact situations. Option B correctly uses the past subjunctive form “were” to indicate a hypothetical situation.14、Identify the type of sentence that is primarily used to give instructions in an English class.A) InterrogativeB) ExclamatoryC) ImperativeD) DeclarativeAnswer: C) ImperativeExplanation: The imperative sentence is used to give commands or instructions. In an educational setting, teachers often use this type of sentence to direct students’ actions, such as “Please open your books,” or “Write down the new vocabulary.”15.The following sentence is an example of a question type that is often found in the reading comprehension section of the English exam for junior high school teachers. Which of the following is the correct question type?A. Multiple-choice questionB. True or False questionC. Short answer questionD. Matching questionAnswer: AExplanation: The question type described in the prompt is a multiple-choice question, where the examinee is presented with a question and several possible answers to choose from. This is a common format in reading comprehension sections of standardized tests.16.In the context of teaching English at the junior high level, which of the following strategies would be most effective in helping students develop their vocabulary?A. Encouraging students to memorize new words without contextB. Using flashcards to present new vocabulary itemsC. Incorporating vocabulary into context-rich texts and discussionsD. Assigning students to write essays using new vocabulary wordsAnswer: CExplanation: Incorporating vocabulary into context-rich texts and discussions is the most effective strategy for helping students develop their vocabulary. This method allows students to understand the meaning and usage of new words in a real-world context, which aids in long-term retention and practical application.17、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of communicative language teaching (CLT)?A)Focus on accuracy over fluencyB)Integration of language skillsC)Emphasis on communication competenceD)Student-centered activitiesAnswer: A) Focus on accuracy over fluencyExplanation: Communicative Language Teaching emphasizes fluency and the ability to communicate effectively in real-life situations. While accuracy is important, it is not prioritized over fluency in CLT. The approach advocates for an integrated skills approach where speaking, listening, reading, and writing are developed together, focusing on communication competence and often employing student-centered activities.18、In the context of vo cabulary acquisition, what does the term “depth of processing” refer to?A)The number of times a word needs to be repeated to be memorizedB)The intensity and cognitive effort involved in learning new vocabularyC)The frequency of encountering a word in different contextsD)The depth at which words are printed in a textbookAnswer: B) The intensity and cognitive effort involved in learning new vocabularyExplanation: Depth of processing theory suggests that the level of mental engagement with new information affects how well it is remembered. In vocabulary acquisition, deeper processing involves more than just repetition or surface-level exposure; it includes engaging with the word in meaningful ways that require cognitive effort, such as through use in sentences or association with images or experiences. This deeper engagement tends to lead to better retention and understanding of new vocabulary.19.In a primary school English class, the teacher wants to introduce a new topic about seasons. Which of the following activities would be most appropriate to engage the students in learning about the seasons?A. Reading a short story about a character traveling through different seasons.B. Singing a song about the changes in the weather during different seasons.C. Conducting a science experiment to demonstrate the changes in the Earth’s tilt.D. Showing a documentary film about the different climates around the world.Answer: BExplanation: Singing a song about the changes in the weather duringdifferent seasons would be the most engaging and interactive way to introduce the topic of seasons to primary school students. It allows them to learn through music and movement, which is both fun and educational.20.When designing a lesson plan for teaching the past continuous tense, which of the following teaching strategies would be most effective for a group of middle school students?A. Using a lot of vocabulary exercises and translation tasks.B. Presenting a detailed grammar explanation followed by a series of exercises.C. Creating a scenario where students can act out events that were happening in the past.D. Showing a video clip of a story that is narrated entirely in the past continuous tense.Answer: CExplanation: Creating a scenario where students can act out events that were happening in the past is an excellent teaching strategy for teaching the past continuous tense. It allows students to visualize and experience the language in a real-life context, which aids in their understanding and retention of the tense.21、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A) If he were me, he will do it differently.B) If I was the teacher, I would change the curriculum.C) If she were here, she knows what to do.D) If they were smarter, they would have passed the exam.Answer: D) If they were smarter, they would have passed the exam. Explanation: The correct answer is D because it uses the past unreal conditional (were smarter) along with the conditional perfect (would have passed) to indicate an impossible or highly unlikely condition in the past.22、Identify the type of sentence used in the following example: “Watch out for that dog!”A) DeclarativeB) InterrogativeC) ExclamatoryD) ImperativeAnswer: D) ImperativeExplanation: The correct answer is D because the sentence “Watch out for that dog!” is giving a command or making a request, which is characteristic of an imperative sentence.23.The teacher is introducing a new vocabulary word to the students. Which of the following strategies is most suitable for explaining the word “vulnerable” to the middle school students?A)Presenting the word in a sentence and having students infer its meaning.B)Providing a definition and using synonyms to help students understand the word.C)Drawing a picture that visually represents the word.D)Asking students to give examples of the word in their own sentences.Explanation: B) is the most suitable strategy because providing a definition and using synonyms can help students understand the meaning of the word “vulnerable” in a clearerand more concrete way. This method allows them to build their vocabulary and understandthe word within the context of the language.24.In a middle school English class, the teacher wants to assess the students’ comprehension of a short story. Which of the following assessment methods would be most effective?A)Giving a multiple-choice quiz at the end of the lesson.B)Asking students to write a summary of the story.C)Conducting a group discussion on the characters and themes of the story.D)Having students create a poster depicting the main events of the story.Answer: C)Explanation: C) is the most effective assessment method because it promotes active learning and encourages students to engage with the story’s content. Group discussions allow students to express their thoughts, share ideas, and develop critical thinking skills. This method also provides the teacher with insights into how well the students have comprehended the story’s characters and themes.25、Which of the following sentences correctly uses the subjunctive mood?A) If I was you, I would take the job.B) If I were you, I would take the job.C) If I am you, I would take the job.D) If I be you, I would take the job.Explanation: The correct sentence is “If I were you, I would take the job.” This sentence uses the subjunctive mood with “were” to expr ess a hypothetical situation that is contrary to fact. The subjunctive mood is used here because it’s impossible for someone to literally be another person, making this a hypothetical condition.26、Identify the type of clause in the following sentence:“Even though she was tired, she finished her homework.”A) Independent clauseB) Dependent clauseC) Relative clauseD) Noun clauseAnswer: BExplanation: In the sentence “Even though she was tired, she finished her homework,” “Even though she was tired” is a dependent clause because it cannot stand alone as a complete thought. It provides additional information but relies on the main (independent) clause “she finished her homework” to convey a complete meaning. The dependent clause starts with a subordinating conjunction “even though,” which introduces a condition or contrast to the main action in the independent clause.27.What is the main function of a vocabulary list in the context of teaching English to初中 students?A. To assess the students’ understanding of grammar rules.B. To encourage students to engage in oral communication.C. To provide a list of essential vocabulary words that will be covered in the course.D. To introduce new cultural topics for classroom discussions.Answer: CExplanation: A vocabulary list in the context of teaching English to初中 students primarily serves to provide a structured list of essential vocabulary words that will be covered throughout the course. This helps students to focus on and learn the key terms they need to be familiar with in order to understand and participate effectively in class discussions and tasks.28.In a lesson about the past perfect tense, which of the following sentence structures is most appropriate for illustrating its usage?A. “I had finished my homework before my mother came back from work.”B. “I finished my homework because my mother came back from work.”C. “I will finish my homework if my mother comes back from work.”D. “I was finishing my homework when my mother came back from work.”Answer: AExplanation: The past perfect tense is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action. Therefore, the sentence “I had finished my homework before my mother came back from work.” accurately illustrates the usage of the past perfect tense, as it shows that the homework was completedbefore the mother came back. The other options do not correctly demonstrate the past perfect tense structure.29、Which of the following activities is most suitable for developing studen ts’ speaking skills in a communicative way?A)Reading a passage aloudB)Reciting a poem from memoryC)Engaging in a role-play conversationD)Listening to an audio recording and answering questionsAnswer: C) Engaging in a role-play conversationExplanation: Role-playing encourages spontaneous and interactive communication, which is essential for the development of speaking skills. It allows students to practice using language in a context that simulates real-life situations, thus improving their fluency, pronunciation, and ability to use appropriate language in different social contexts. While options A, B, and D may also contribute to language learning, they do not specifically focus on the interactive and communicative aspects of speaking as effectively as role-plays do.30、When designing a lesson plan, what is the primary purpose of includinga variety of assessment methods?A)To reduce the workload of grading for the teacherB)To cater to different learning styles and needs of studentsC)To make the lesson more interesting and engagingD)To ensure that the lesson covers all the required materialAnswer: B) To cater to different learning styles and needs of studentsExplanation: Incorporating a variety of assessment methods in a lesson plan is important because it helps to address the diverse ways in which students learn and demonstrate their understanding. This approach acknowledges that students have different strengths and preferences when it comes to showing what they know, and it can help to provide a more accurate and comprehensive picture of each student’s abilities. Options A, C, and D, while they may be secondary benefits, do not capture the main educational rationale for using varied assessments, which is to accommodate individual differences among learners.二、简答题（20分）Question: How can teachers effectively integrate technology into their English language teaching to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes?Answer:1.Utilize educational technology tools and platforms such as interactive whiteboards, digital learning management systems, and educational apps to create interactive lessons that engage students in different learning styles.2.Incorporate multimedia resources such as videos, podcasts, and online articles to provide a uthentic language experiences and stimulate students’ curiosity.3.Design and implement online collaborative projects and group activities that encourage students to work together and communicate in English, promotingcommunication skills and teamwork.e language learning software and apps that offer personalized learning experiences, allowing students to progress at their own pace and providing immediate feedback.5.Integrate technology-based formative and summative assessments to monitor students’ pro gress and identify areas for improvement.6.Provide opportunities for students to create digital content, such as presentations, videos, or blogs, to enhance their writing, speaking, and listening skills.7.Utilize educational websites and online forums to expose students to a wider range of English language materials and encourage them to practice English outside the classroom.8.Continuously update one’s knowledge and skills in using educational technology through professional development and online courses.Explanation:Integrating technology into English language teaching can have several positive effects on student engagement and learning outcomes. By incorporating educational technology tools and platforms, teachers can create interactive and engaging lessons that cater to different learning styles, making the learning process more enjoyable and effective. Using multimedia resources helps students gain authentic language experiences and stimulates their curiosity, making the learning process more meaningful. Online collaborative projects and groupactivities foster communication skills and teamwork, which are essential for language learning. Language learning software and apps provide personalized learning experiences, allowing students to progress at their own pace and receive immediate feedback. Formative and summative assessments using technology help teachers monitor students’ progress and identify areas for improvement. Encouraging students to create digital content enhances their writing, speaking, and listening skills. Lastly, utilizing educational websites and online forums exposes students to a wider range of English language materials, promoting continuous learning outside the classroom. Continuous professional development in educational technology is crucial for teachers to keep up with the latest trends and technologies in language teaching.三、教学情境分析题（30分）Question:A middle school teacher is planning a unit on “Hobbies and Interests” for her Grade 8 English class. The class consists of 25 students, with a mix of beginner, intermediate, and advanced learners. The teacher has observed that the students have varying levels of engagement and motivation in English classes. The school has provided a set of multimedia resources, including videos, audio clips, and interactive websites, to support the teaching of this unit.1.Analyze the learning needs of the students in the class.2.Describe how the teacher can utilize the multimedia resources effectivelyto cater to different learning styles and levels.3.Explain how formative and summative assessments can be integrated into the teaching and learning process for this unit.Answer:1.Learning Needs of the Students:•Beginner Level: Students at this level may have difficulty with basic vocabulary and sentence structures related to hobbies and interests. They might struggle to understand and produce simple sentences in English.•Intermediate Level: These students can understand and use some vocabulary and grammar related to the topic but may still need support with more complex structures and advanced vocabulary.•Advanced Level: Students at this level should be able to express their opinions on hobbies and interests fluently and accurately, using a variety of vocabulary and grammar structures.2.Utilizing Multimedia Resources:•For Beginner Level: The teacher can use simple videos and audio clips to introduce new vocabulary and phrases related to hobbies and interests.Interactive websites can be used to practice basic sentence structures and vocabulary through games and exercises.•For Intermediate Level: The teacher can use more complex videos and audio clips that include different accents and vocabulary. Interactive websites can provide more challenging exercises and activities, such as quizzes and discussions.•For Advanced Level: The teacher can use videos and audio clips that require deeper analysis and discussion. Interactive websites can offer moreadvanced activities, such as debates and research projects.3.Formative and Summative Assessments:•Formative Assessments: These can be integrated into the teaching process through activities such as:•Class discussions on hobbies and interests, where students can share their own experiences and opinions.•Quizzes and exercises using interactive websites and multimedia resources to practice vocabulary and grammar.•Peer assessments, where students can provide feedback on each other’s work.•Summative Assessments: These can be conducted at the end of the unit through:• A written test that includes multiple-choice questions, true/false statements, and short answer questions.•An oral presentation or debate on a chosen hobby or interest, where students can demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the topic.• A project that combines different skills, such as writing a report on a hobby, creating a poster, or preparing a presentation.Explanation:The analysis of the students’ learning needs is essential for the teacher to create an inclusive and effective lesson plan. By utilizing the multimediaresources effectively, the teacher can cater to different learning styles and levels, ensuring that all students can engage with the material. Integrating both formative and summative assessments will help the teacher monitor the progress of each student and provide feedback that can be used to improve future lessons.四、教学设计题（40分）Question: Design a lesson plan for a 45-minute English class for Grade 8 students. The topic of the lesson is “Traveling Abroad.” The lesson should include vocabulary building, reading comprehension, and speaking activities.Lesson Plan:I. Introduction (5 minutes)•Objective: To introduce the topic of traveling abroad and create an interest in the lesson.•Activities:•Teacher shows a few images of famous landmarks from different countries.•Students share their favorite travel destinations and why.II.Vocabulary Building (10 minutes)•Objective: To introduce and practice new vocabulary related to traveling.•Activities:•Teacher presents new words on the board (e.g., backpack, passport, luggage, sightseeing, etc.).。
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力试题及答案指导
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、Which of the following is an appropriate teaching objective for a junior middle school English class?A) To memorize twenty new vocabulary words in a week.B) To improve students’ listening skills by listening to a variety of English songs.C) To help students understand and use the past continuous tense correctly in their writing.D) To learn the alphabet in 10 days.Answer: CExplanation: C is the most appropriate teaching objective for a junior middle school English class. It focuses on the effective use of language in writing, which is an important skill for students to develop. Objective A is too narrow in scope, Objective B while it is beneficial, focuses on a single skill (listening), and Objective D while it may be useful, is not a common language skill taught in English classes.2、What is the primary purpose of using visuals (such as diagrams, charts, and pictures) in a junior middle school English lesson?A) To create an aesthetically pleasing classroom environment.B) To provide visual aids that can help clarify and elaborate on language concepts.C) To reduce the amount of spoken language used in the classroom.D) To entertain the students with interesting images.Answer: BExplanation: B is the correct answer. The primary purpose of using visuals in a junior middle school English lesson is to provide concrete representations that can help students better understand and remember language concepts. A (creating an aesthetically pleasing environment) is not the main goal, C (reducing spoken language) is not typically the intention, and D (entertaining) is not the primary use of visuals in teaching.3、The following sentence has a tense error. Find and correct the error.A)The student read a book.B)The student reads a book.C)The student read a book 3 months ago.D)The student was reading a book yesterday.Answer: B)Correction: The student reads a book.Explanation: The sentence needs to use the present tense because there is no specification of a past event. The present tense is correct for describinga general activity or habit.4、Choose the phrase that best completes the sentence below.The Alps offer a variety of opportunities for _________, including skiing and hiking.A)climbingB)cyclingC)divingD)fishingAnswer: A)Completion: The Alps offer a variety of opportunities for climbing, including skiing and hiking.Explanation: The Alps are known for offering opportunities for mountain climbing. The other options, such as cycling, diving, and fishing, are not typically associated with the Alpine region’s activities.5、The teacher used a variety of teaching methods to engage students in the learning process. Which of the following methods is most suitable for teaching a new concept in English?A)Direct instructionB)Group discussionsC)Independent readingD)Role-playingAnswer: B) Group discussionsExplanation: Group discussions are an effective method for teaching new concepts as they encourage active participation and allow students to engage with the material in a collaborative setting. This can help students to understand and internalize new information more effectively.6、In order to assess students’ understanding of a new grammar rule, the teacher decides to use a formative assessment tool. Which of the following isthe best choice for this purpose?A)Multiple-choice quizB)EssayC)Oral presentationD)Peer assessmentAnswer: A) Multiple-choice quizExplanation: A multiple-choice quiz is a quick and efficient way to assess students’ understanding of a new grammar rule. It allows the teacher to gauge how well the students have learned the rule and identify any areas that may need further clarification or practice. It also provides immediate feedback, which is beneficial for formative assessment purposes.7、What is the correct form of the past participle of the verb “begin”?A. beganB. begunC. beginingD. beginedAnswer: B. begunExplanation: The past participle of “begin” is “begun.” It is used as the past participle form in perfect tenses.8、Which one of the following sentences is correctly punctuated?A. ice cream is one of my favorite foodsB. ice cream, is one of my favorite foods,C. Ice Cream is one of my favorite foods.D. Ice Cream, is one of my favorite foods.Answer: C. Ice Cream is one of my favorite foods.Explanation: When referring to a specific item such as “Ice Cream,” it is generally capitalized. However, in the middle of a sentence, you should not add punctuation beyond the capital letter. Therefore, option C is the correct choice.9、The following sentence is an example of a passive voice construction. Which sentence correctly converts it into the active voice?A. The book was written by the author.B. The author wrote the book.C. The book writes by the author.D. The author writes the book by.Answer: BExplanation: The correct conversion from passive to active voice involves moving the object of the original sentence (the book) to the subject position and changing the verb form to reflect the active voice. Therefore, “The author wrote the book” is the co rrect active voice construction.10、In the sentence “The students have been working on their projects for two hours,” what is the tense of the verb “have been working”?A. Present perfect continuousB. Past perfect continuousC. Simple presentD. Past continuousAnswer: AExplanation: The verb “have been working” indicates an action that started in the past and continues up to the present. It is a form of the present perfect continuous tense, which is used to describe actions that have a present result or are ongoing. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Present perfect continuous.11、Which of the following teaching strategies is most effective for teaching new vocabulary to middle school students according to cognitive psychology?A)Flashcards and repetitive drillsB)Direct translation from their native languageC)Association and contextual useD)Giving definitions onlyAnswer: C) Association and contextual useExplanation: According to cognitive psychology, teaching new vocabulary through association and contextual use is more effective because it helps students understand the meaning and usage of the words in real-life situations. This approach encourages active learning and deeper comprehension, which are essential for retention.12、In designing a lesson plan for teaching verb tenses to a ninth-grade English class, which of the following would be the most appropriate instructional method to use?A)Lecturing extensively on grammar rulesB)Providing a list of verb tenses and diagrams onlyC)Engaging students in interactive activities to practice different tensesD)Having students read a passage about verb tenses without any discussionAnswer: C) Engaging students in interactive activities to practice different tensesExplanation: Interactive activities that involve students in speaking, writing, and using the target verb tenses help reinforce their understanding. This method is more engaging and promotes active participation, which enhances learning and retention.13、Teacher education programs often emphasize the importance of understanding student diversity in order to effectively teach. Which of the following is NOT a component of student diversity that teachers should consider?A. Cognitive abilitiesB. Language proficiencyC. Economic backgroundD. Physical disabilities答案：D解析： While all the choices play a role in student diversity, physical disabilities are more centered around individual learning needs rather than a general category like economic background, cognitive abilities, or language proficiency that indicates diversity across the student population.14、In the context of lesson planning, it is crucial for teachers to incorporate activities that support student engagement and participation. Which statement about formative assessments is true?A. Formative assessments are used to determine whether a student hasmastered a standard and are typically given at the end of a unit.B. Formative assessments are used to provide feedback to the students and teachers to improve future instruction and are generally given during the unit of study.C. Formative assessments should only be used when students are performing poorly to determine the cause of their struggle.D. Formative assessments are highly standardized tests that are typically used to compare student performance across different schools or classrooms.答案：B解析： Formative assessments are designed to monitor student progress and provide timely and specific feedback on learning, which helps to guide teaching. They are typically carried out during the teaching process and can help teachers adjust their teaching methods. Options A, C, and D describe summative assessments, assessments used to evaluate student learning after a unit or course, or standardized tests used for comparison.15、Which of the following teaching activities best aligns with the communicative approach to language teaching?A)Students listen to a dialogue and repeat it after the teacher.B)Students work in pairs to solve a problem using English.C)The teacher explains grammar rules while students take notes.D)Students memorize vocabulary lists for a weekly quiz.Answer: BExplanation: The communicative approach emphasizes the use of language forcommunication and interaction. It focuses on meaningful communication, which is best achieved through activities where students have to use language to complete tasks or solve problems together. Option B fits this description as it involves students working collaboratively and using English to communicate effectively.16、In the context of differentiated instruction, what is the most appropriate action for a teacher to take when noticing that some students are struggling with reading comprehension?A)Assign more reading homework to those students.B)Provide additional support, such as reading guides or leveled texts, to thosestudents.C)Move at the same pace with the entire class, regardless of individual needs.D)Encourage struggling students to learn from their peers without any intervention.Answer: BExplanation: Differentiated instruction requires teachers to adapt their teaching methods to meet the diverse needs of students. When students struggle with reading comprehension, providing them with additional resources like reading guides or texts at their reading level can help them better understand the material and improve their skills. This targeted support is crucial for ensuring that all students can progress and succeed.17.The following sentence is a passive voice construction. Which one of the following options correctly converts it into the active voice?A. The book was written by the author.B. The author wrote the book.C. The book writes by the author.D. The author writes the book by the author.Answer: BExplanation: The active voice constr uction correctly places the subject (“The author”) before the verb (“wrote”) and omits the preposition “by,” resulting in a clear and grammatically correct sentence.18.In the context of teaching English as a foreign language, which of the following activi ties is most likely to develop students’ speaking skills?A. Reading comprehension exercises.B. Vocabulary matching activities.C. Role-playing scenarios.D. Grammar translation exercises.Answer: CExplanation: Role-playing scenarios allow students to engage in real-life conversations and practice speaking in a context. This activity helps develop their speaking skills by providing opportunities for interaction and application of language in practical situations.19、Which of the following is NOT a key stage in the lesson planning process in English teaching?A. Setting learning objectivesB. Analyzing students’ needsC. Deciding on classroom decorationsD. Choosing assessment methodsAnswer: CExplanation: In the lesson planning process of English teaching, key stages include setting learning objectives, analyzing students’ needs, and choosing assessment methods to effectively measure student learning outcomes. However, deciding on classroom decorations is not a critical step in the lesson planning process, as it does not directly impact the effectiveness of teaching or learning.20、What is the first step a teacher should take in a one-to-one interview to ensure mutual understanding and engage the learner well?A. Start with general questions about the learner’s interests and backgroundB. Begin with a detailed and specific topicC. Immediately correct the learner’s mistakes to ensure accuracyD. Have the learner introduce themselves for 5 minutesAnswer: AExplanation: In the context of a one-to-one interview, starting with general questions about the learner’s interests and background helps establish rapport and builds a comfortable atmosphere. This approach allows the teacher to better understand the l earner’s context, interests, and needs, which are essential for customized and effective teaching.21、The teacher is planning a lesson on the verb tense “Past Continuous.” Which of the following phrases would be most suitable for getting the students to practice this structure?A)“Yesterday, you read a book at the library, ___________?”B)“Today, you are visiting an art museum, ___________?”C)“Tomorrow, you will go to a movie, ___________?”D)“Last week, you studied for the exam, ___________?”Answer: DExplanation: The correct option should reflect the use of the Past Continuous tense, which is used to describe an action that was happening at a specific time in the past. Option D, “Last week, you studied for the exam,___________?” is correct because it invites students to completion in the past continuous form, which occurs with “was/were + -ing” after the comma.22、Students in a middle school class are working on a project about the water cycle. Which of the following activities would aid in comprehending the instructional content?A)Reading and summarizing a narrative story about the water cycle.B)Watching a video explanation of the water cycle and answering comprehensionquestions.C)Listing the sequence of the water cycle stages and matching them with theirrespective images.D)Writing a short story that mimics the process of the water cycle using personalanecdotes.Explanation: The activity in option B, “Wathing a video explanation of the water cycle and answeringcomprehension questions,” is best suited for aiding students’ comprehension of the instructional content. Videos typically provide visual aids that can enhance learning, and answering comprehension questions after watching is an effective strategy for reinforcing understanding. The other options may not offer a sufficient foundation for learning or revisiting the material.23、Which of the following sentences is an example of the passive voice?A. The cat chased the mouse.B. The book was read by Sarah.C. They built the house in 1990.D. She sings beautifully.Answer: BExplanation: In English grammar, the passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences the action rather than the person or object that performs the action. Option B, “The book was read by Sarah,” is in the passive voice because the focus is on the book being read, not on Sarah reading it. The other options are in the active voice.24、What is the correct form of the verb ‘be’ to use in the sentence below?“The students_______very excited about the field trip.”A. amB. isC. areAnswer: CExplanation: The correct choice here is “are” because “students” is a plural noun, and when referring to more than one person in the present tense, we use “are.” The sentence would thus be, “The students are very excited about the field trip.”25.The sentence “The boy is playing football in the park.” is in the present continuous tense. Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense?A. The boy played football in the park yesterday.B. The boy was playing football in the park yesterday.C. The boy plays football every day.D. The boy will play football in the park tomorrow.Answer: BExplanation: The past continuous tense is used to describe an action that was happening at a specific time in the past. The correct answer, “The boy was playing football in the park yesterday,” indicates that the action was in progress at a particular moment in the past.26.Which of the following sentences is an example of the use of the passive voice?A. The students studied for the exam all night.B. The exam was studied by the students all night.C. The students studied the book for the exam.D. The book was studied by the students for the exam.Answer: DExplanation: The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the doer of the action. In this case, the sentence “The book was studied by the students for the exam” emphasizes that the action of studying was performed on the book, not by the students directly.27、Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of usinga predictive writing activity in a junior high English class?A. To test students’ knowledge of grammar and vocabulary.B. To assess students’ ability to write complex sentences.C. To enhance stud ents’ ability to make predictions and inferences about future events in written form.D. To improve students’ spelling and punctuation skills.Answer: C解析: 预测写作活动旨在增强学生根据已知信息和背景知识预测未来事件的能力，并在写作中进行表达。
初中英语教师资格考试学科知识与教学能力试卷及答案指导
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力复习试卷及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、What is the main purpose of using the present perfect tense in a lesson on English grammar for junior high school students?A. To introduce the past tense.B. To describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present.C. To talk about future possibilities.D. To express a general truth.答案：B解析：The present perfect tense is often used to describe actions that have started in the past and continue to the present or have a present result. Therefore, the main purpose of using it in a junior high school English grammar lesson is to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present (Option B). The other options are incorrect because they describe different uses of tenses (past tense, future possibilities, and general truths).2、In a reading comprehension exercise, students are asked to identify the main idea of a passage. Which of the following is the most effective strategy to help students understand the main idea?A. Summarizing each paragraph separately.B. Asking students to write a brief summary of the passage.C. Discussing each detail mentioned in the passage in detail.D. Providing a list of keywords from the passage for students to use in their summary.答案：B解析：The most effective strategy to help students understand the main idea of a passage is to ask them to write a brief summary (Option B). Writing a summary requires students to focus on the central message and ignore less important details, which helps them grasp the main idea. Summarizing each paragraph separately (Option A) might lead to a collection of details rather than the main idea. Discussing each detail in detail (Option C) can sidetrack students from identifying the main idea. Providing a list of keywords (Option D) can be helpful but is not as effective as asking for a summary, which requires synthesis and comprehension skills.3、Which of the following activities is most effective for improving students’ speaking skills in English?A、Reading aloud passages to the class.B、Writing essays on given topics.C、Answering questions in small groups and then reporting to the class.D、Matching vocabulary words with their correct definitions.Answer: CExplanation: Group work promotes interaction among students, encouraging them to communicate and articulate their thoughts in English, which is essential for developing speaking skills. Though the other activities can be useful, they do not focus directly on the oral interaction and critical listening skills that speaking proficiency requires.4、What is the primary goal of employing formative assessment in an English classroom?A、To evaluate students’ cumulative knowledge at the end of a unit.B、To assign final grades to students.C、To provide ongoing feedback to facilitate learning.D、To compare students’ performance against a standard or criterion.Answer: CExplanation: Formative assessment is designed to provide continuous feedback during the learning process, helping students understand their progress and areas for improvement. Its main goal is to support learning and adjust teaching methods accordingly. Evaluating knowledge at the end of a unit (A) and assigning final grades (B) are more aligned with summative assessment. C omparing students’ performance against a standard (D) is also a goal of formative assessment, but not its primary purpose.5、A teacher prepares an English lesson plan for a fifth-grade class. According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, which level of cognitive domain should the teacher focus on when creating activities that involve students in research andanalysis?A)KnowledgeB)ComprehensionC)ApplicationD)Analysis答案：D解析：Bloom’s Taxonomy levels the cognitive domain from lowest to highest: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. Since the question asks for activities involving students in research and analysi s, the teacher should focus on the “Analysis” level, which requires students to break information into parts, compare and contrast it, and identify patterns and components. This stage is more complex than comprehension and involves evaluating and interpreting the content.6、Which of the following methods is most appropriate for assessing students’ speaking and listening skills in a classroom setting?A)Essay testB)Multiple-choice quizC)Oral testD)Writing assignment答案：C解析：When assessing speaking and listening skills, which are interpersonal and responsive skills that require real-time interaction, the most appropriate method is usually an oral test or assessment. This allows students to demonstratetheir communication skills directly, which is not possible in written assessments such as essay tests, multiple-choice quizzes, or writing assignments. oral tests can provide immediate feedback and allow the teacher to evaluate the student’s pronunciation, fluency, and comprehension.7、Which of the following words is formed by blending?A. SmogB. BookC. ClockD. FogAnswer: A. SmogExplanation: The word ‘smog’ is a blend of ‘smoke’ and ‘fog’. Blending is a word formation process where parts of two or more words are combined to form a new word. In this case, ‘smog’ represents the polluted air that results from a mixture of smoke and fog. Options B, C, and D are not blends; they are standalone words without any blending involved in their formation.8、In a communicative language teaching classroom, which activity would best encourage students to use language creatively and spontaneously?A. Reciting a dialogue from memoryB. Role-playing a conversation at a restaurantC. Copying sentences from a textbookD. Filling in the blanks with the correct verb formsAnswer: B. Role-playing a conversation at a restaurantExplanation: Role-playing activities, such as simulating a conversation at a restaurant, require students to think on their feet and produce language in real-time, which promotes creativity and spontaneity. This type of activity is a hallmark of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), which emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. In contrast, reciting dialogues, copying sentences, and filling in blanks are more controlled and less conducive to spontaneous communication.9、The teacher uses the following sentence to introduce a new vocabulary word in a lesson. Which sentence structure is being used?A. “The students will learn about the word ‘sustainability’ today.”B. “We are going to talk about ‘sustainability’ in the next class.”C. “In this lesson, we will explore the meaning of ‘sustainability’.”D. “Today’s lesson is about ‘sustainability’, which means…”Answer: DExplanation: The sentence structure in option D is a definition or explanation of the new vocabulary word “sustainability,” which is typical of introducing new terms in a lesson. The other options are more about the action or plan for the lesson rather than the structure used to introduce the new word.10、Which of the following teaching strategies is most effective for promoting critical thinking skills among middle school students?A. Direct instructionB. Guided discoveryC. Cooperative learningD. RecitationAnswer: BExplanation: Guided discovery is a teaching strategy where students explore a topic or problem under the guidance of the teacher, encouraging them to think critically and discover concepts for themselves. This approach is known to promote higher-order thinking skills more effectively than direct instruction (A), cooperative learning (C), or recitation (D), which are more passive in nature.11、Which of the following sentence patterns is often used to express a completed action in the past with a result in the present?A. If I had studied harder, I would be a teacher.B. I have studied harder to become a teacher.C. I studied so hard that I am a teacher now.D. I would have been a teacher if I had studied harder.Answer: CExplanation: The sentence pattern in option C, “I studied so hard that I am a teacher now,” is used to express a completed action in the past (studied) that has a result in the present (am a teacher now). This is an example of a result clause.12、What is the main purpose of using a vocabulary list in an English lesson?A. To as sess students’ knowledge at the end of the term.B. To provide a variety of activities about the vocabulary.C. To memorize the words through repetition.D. To facilitate the teaching of new vocabulary and provide understanding.Answer: DExplanation: The main purpose of using a vocabulary list in an English lesson is to facilitate the teaching of new vocabulary and help students understand their meanings and usage. This supports the learning process and enhances comprehension and application in context.13.The teacher wants to introduce a new vocabulary word to the students. Which of the following activities is most effective for helping students understand and remember the word?A. Reading a long story related to the word.B. Asking students to create a sentence using the word.C. Showing a video clip involving the word in context.D. Giving a lecture about the etymology of the word.Answer: BExplanation: Asking students to create a sentence using the new vocabulary word encourages active learning and immediate practice, which helps with understanding and retention. Reading long stories (A) might be time-consuming and not directly related to th e word’s meaning. While showing a video (C) can provide real-life context, the activity of creating a sentence is more focused and practical for词汇学习. A lecture about etymology (D) might be helpful butis less engaging and interactive compared to the other options.14.In a lesson on using prepositions correctly, the teacher uses “Yes/No” questions to check understanding. Which of the following “Yes/No” questions is least appropriate?A. “Can the students find the book on the table?”B. “Is the key under the bed?”C. “Are the students sitting at their desks?”D. “Did you place the book on the shelf or in your bag?”Answer: DExplanation: The least appropriate “Yes/No” question in this context is option D. The question “Did you place the book on the shelf or in your bag?” introduces two locations and requires a multi-choice answer rather than a simple “Yes” or “No.” The other questions (A, B, and C) are single-directional and straightforward, which is appropriate for checking whether students understand the correct preposition usage.15、What teaching method emphasizes the use of authentic materials and focuses on communicative competence?A)Grammar-Translation MethodB)Audio-Lingual MethodC)Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)D)Total Physical Response (TPR)Answer: C) Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)Explanation: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach tolanguage instruction that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. It aims to develop communicative competence in learners so that they can use the language effectively in real-life situations. Authentic materials, which are texts or resources created for native speakers, are often used to provide students with exposure to real-world language usage.16、Which of the following activities is most likely to help students develop their listening skills?A)Writing a summary of a textB)Completing a crossword puzzleC)Listening to a dialogue and answering questions about itD)Role-playing a conversation from memoryAnswer: C) Listening to a dialogue and answering questions about itExplanation: Listening to a dialogue and then answering questions about it is a direct way to practice and assess listening comprehension. This activity requires students to focus on understanding spoken language, which is crucial for developing listening skills. The other options may be beneficial for developing other language skills but do not primarily target listening ability.17、The teacher is planning a lesson on the present perfect tense. Which of the following activities is most suitable for helping students understand the concept of “has/have + past participle”?A)Role-playing a conversation where the present perfect tense is used to describe pastactions with present relevance.B)Writing a short story with only the present perfect tense, without any past tensereferences.C)Listening to a recorded story and identifying the present perfect tense usage.D)Completing a multiple-choice quiz about the rules of the present perfect tense.Answer: A)Explanation: Role-playing is a highly effective activity for language learning as it allows students to practice using the language in a real-life context. By engaging in a conversation that uses the present perfect tense, students can see and hear how the tense is used naturally, which is more beneficial for understanding than simply writing or listening to it in isolation.18、In a lesson on “The Weather,” the teacher wants to encourage critical thinking and student interaction. Which of the following teaching strategies is best suited for this objective?A)Presenting a list of weather-related vocabulary and asking students to match wordswith images.B)Showing a weather forecast video and asking students to predict the weather for thenext week.C)Distributing weather maps and asking students to identify different weatherpatterns.D)Facilitating a group discussion where students compare their experiences withdifferent weather conditions.Answer: D)Explanation: Facilitating a group discussion encourages critical thinking as students must reflect on their personal experiences and compare them with those of their peers. Thisinteractive approach fosters communication skills and promotes a deeper understanding of the topic, making it the most suitable strategy for encouraging student interaction and critical thinking.19、Which of the following is a common teaching strategy that incorporates real-world applications to enhance students’ understanding of the subject matter?A) Lecture methodB) Narrative storytellingC) Real-life applicationD) Drill and practiceAnswer: C) Real-life application解析: 实际生活应用是一种常用的教学策略，它通过将学科知识与现实生活中的实际应用相结合，来增强学生对知识的理解。
教师资格考试初中学科知识与教学能力英语试卷及答案指导
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力复习试卷及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.Which of the following grammatical structures does NOT typically appear in informal language among teenagers?A. Use of first-person singular subject pronouns (“I”) only.B. Use of second-person singular subjects (“You”) for addressing others.C. Use of single-word abbreviations for names of months (“Abbr.”) and days of the week (“Abbr.”).D. Slight modulation in the standard subject-verb agreement (e.g., “Some of my friend s are gonna come”).Answer: AExplanation: In informal language, teenagers often use first-person plural pronouns (“us,” “we”) even when they are speaking alone or referring to themselves personally. This is because the “we” form is more inclusive and aligned with the casual, group-friendly nature of the communication style. The other options listed are indeed common in informal contexts, as teenagers frequently engage in all of the linguistic practices listed (B, C, and D).2.Which of the following does NOT typically comprise the components ofinstruction in an Integrated UK Secondary English Language Arts curriculum?A. Reading skills developmentB. Listening skills developmentC. Phonetically-based spelling instructionD. Grammar instruction and writing skills developmentAnswer: CExplanation: The English Language Arts curriculum in the UK, especially in exam-focused secondary (ages 11-16) and key stage 3 settings, is commonly based on a holistic language skills approach. This includes listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills (the four core skills). Grammar is generally not taught through phonetically-based spelling instruction (as in some U.S. approaches), but rather in a contextualized manner within the four skills. Students learn grammar in relation to reading passages, listening activities, and writing practices. Phonetic-based spelling instruction is prevalent in Primary Education (ages 5-11), or as dedicated features in some specialized language learning paths.3.下列句子中，动词的用法正确的是：A. The boy is singing a song on the stage.（男孩在舞台上唱一首歌。
初中英语教学能手教育基础知识试题40分钟卷
一、单项选择题。
（每题1分，共10分）宋朝王安石的《伤仲永》中说有一个叫方仲永的少年，5岁时就能作诗，但后来由于他父亲没有及时教育，使他到十二三岁时写的诗就不如以前了，到20岁左右，则“泯然众人矣”。
1、促使青少年健康成长的关键是（ C ）A、良好的情绪B、强烈的好奇心C、健康的大脑和神经系统D、正确的人生观2、埃里克森人格发展理论认为，儿童人格发展的每一阶段都有一种冲突和矛盾所决定的发展危机，比如12-18 岁阶段面临的危机冲突是( C )。
A.勤奋感对自卑感 B.主动感对内疚感 C.自我同一性对角色混乱 D.自主感对羞耻感3、“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”体现了( B )对于人发展的影响。
A.遗传B.环境C.学校教育D.主观能动性4、教师在教育工作中要做到循序渐进，这是因为(C )。
A.学生只有机械记忆的能力;B.教师的知识、能力是不一样的;C.教育活动中要遵循人的身心发展的一般规律D.教育活动完全受到人的遗传素质的制约5、“一两的遗传胜于一吨的教育”是谁提出的?( A )A.霍尔B.洛克C.华生D.格赛尔全国优秀班主任李老师在总结工作经验时强调两点：第一，建立好班集体，好的班集体会带动全班同学一起进步。
第二，教育好每一个人，不放过每一件小事，特别不能放过对集体产生影响的“小事”。
6、组织和培养班集体是班主任工作的( B )。
A.中心任务B.首要任务C.基本前提 D.有效手段7、通过对集体的管理去影响个人，又通过对个人的管理去影响集体，这体现了( )的内涵。
A.班级常规管理B.班级平行管理C.班级民主管理D.班级目标管理8、“班级”一词最早的提出人是( C )。
A.赫尔巴特B.夸美纽斯C.埃拉斯莫斯 D.德鲁克9、进行德育的基本途径是（A ）A、政治课和其他各科教学B、课外活动与校外活动 C、劳动D、班主任工作10、做好班主任工作的前提和基础是( B )A组织和培养班集体B全面了解学生C培养优良的班风 D做好后进生转化工作二、填空题。
初级中学教师资格考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》历年真题及解析
初级中学教师资格考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》历年真题及解析一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）（在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
）1.The similarity between the English consonants/p/,/b/,and/m/is that they are all_____.A．fricativeB．plosiveC．labial-dentalD．bilabial【答案】D【解析】根据发音部位，辅音/p/,/b/,/m/都属于双唇音（bilabial），即通过下唇和上唇形成阻碍发出声音。
2.Which of the following is a back vowel in English?A．/ə:/B．/ɔ:/C．/ʌ/D．/e/【答案】B【解析】题意为：下面哪个是英语中的后元音？A项，/ə:/属于中元音。
B项，/ɔ:/属于后元音。
C项，/ʌ/比较特殊，发此音时舌头的最高位置偏中后，所以有的分类系统会把它归为中元音，也有的把它归为后元音。
D项，/e/属于前元音。
3.There is only one playground slide in this school,so the students have to take_____to use it.A．turnsB．the turnsC．a turnD．the turn【答案】A【解析】take turns to do sth是固定搭配，意为“轮流做某事”。
题意为：这所学校只有一个操场滑梯，所以学生们只能轮流使用它。
4.Out of everyone’s expectation,Johnson suddenly returned_____a rainy night.A．atB．inC．onD．during【答案】C【解析】表示时间常用的介词有at,in,on,during等。
教师资格考试初级中学学科知识与教学能力英语试卷及答案指导
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试卷及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、Which of the following sentences uses the correct form of the verb given the context?A)She enjoys to read books in her spare time.B)They prefer to not go to the party tonight.C)He likes play video games on weekends.D)We decide to watch a movie this evening.Answer: D) We decide to watch a movie this evening.Explanation: The correct form to use after a verb like ‘decide’, ‘enjoy’, ‘prefer’, or ‘like’ is the base form of the verb without ‘to’. However, in the case of ‘enjoy’, ‘prefer’, and ‘like’, the infinitive form (‘to + verb’) is also commonly used in spoken English but is not grammatically correct in formal written English. Option D is the only sentence that correctly follows this rule.2、Identify the type of sentence:The dog barked loudly, and the cat ran away.A)Simple sentenceB)Compound sentenceC)Complex sentenceD)Compound-complex sentenceAnswer: B) Compound sentenceExplanation: A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (such as ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘or’, etc.). In this example, “The dog barked loudly” and “the cat ran away” are both independent clauses, and they are connected by the conjunction ‘and’. Therefore, it is a compound sentence.3、The following sentence is a good example of which grammatical structure?A. “He has been teaching English for ten years.”B. “I will finish my homework in two hours.”C. “She is running fast because she wants to win the race.”D. “You should have studied harder.”Answer: AExplanation: Option A is the correct answer because it demonstrates the present perfect continuous tense, which is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present. Options B and C use the simple present tense, while option D uses the simple past tense.4、In the following dialogue, which sentence is a request?A. “Where is the library?”B. “I think it’s time for lunch.”C. “Please close the door.”D. “I can’t find my pen.”Answer: CExplanation: Option C is the correct answer because it is an explicit request, using the polite form “please.” Options A and D are questions, while optionB is a statement of opinion.5、Which of the following best describes the use of the Communicative Approach in teaching English?A) Focusing primarily on grammar and vocabulary drills.B) Emphasizing real-life communication and functional language use.C) Concentrating on reading and writing skills only.D) Using translation as the main tool for teaching.Answer: B) Emphasizing real-life communication and functional language use.Explanation: The Communicative Approach focuses on enabling students to communicate effectively in real-life situations using the target language. It encourages the use of the language for authentic purposes rather than concentrating solely on drills or translation methods.6、In the context of teaching English, what is the primary purpose of formative assessment?A) To assign final grades at the end of the term.B) To rank students according to their performance.C) To provide ongoing feedback that can be used to improve teaching and learning.D) To determine which students should be promoted to the next grade level.Answer: C) To provide ongoing feedback that can be used to improve teachingand learning.Explanation: Formative assessment is designed to monitor student learning progress and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. Unlike summative assessment, which evaluates student learning at the end of an instructional period, formative assessment occurs during instruction to inform adjustments and support student success.7、The teacher is using a multimedia presentation to teach the students about the solar system. Which of the following statements best describes the use of multimedia in this context?A)It helps the teacher to demonstrate the solar system in a more traditional way, suchas using a globe or maps.B)It allows the students to interact with the information by using touchscreens orinteractive software.C)It reduces the need for textbooks as the students can access all the necessaryinformation online.D)It replaces the teacher’s role by providing automated explanations and quizzes.Answer: BExplanation: The use of multimedia in this context is to enhance student engagement and interactivity with the subject matter. Using touchscreens or interactive software aligns with this purpose, allowing students to interact directly with the content presented in the multimedia presentation. The other options do not align with the interactive and dynamic nature of multimedia ineducational settings.8、In a primary school English class, the teacher wants to develop the students’ reading comprehension skills. W hich of the following activities is most suitable for this purpose?A)Reading a short story aloud and then asking students to retell the story.B)Discussing the vocabulary in the story and asking students to create sentences usingthose words.C)Watching a video related to the story and then writing a summary of the video.D)Completing a worksheet with multiple-choice questions based on the story.Answer: AExplanation: Reading a short story aloud and then asking students to retell the story is an effective way to develop reading comprehension skills. It encourages students to listen actively, understand the narrative, and recall the details. This activity promotes recall, summarization, and comprehension, which are essential components of reading comprehension. The other options focus more on vocabulary, writing, or comprehension through visual media, which may not be as effective in developing reading comprehension skills.9、Which of the following sentences correctly uses the subjunctive mood?A) If I was you, I would take the job.B) If I were you, I would take the job.C) If I am you, I would take the job.D) If I be you, I would take the job.Answer: BExplanation: The correct form is “If I were you,” which uses the subjunctive mood to express a hypothetical situation that is contrary to fact. In this case, the speaker is not actually the listener, making “were” the appropriate choice rather than “was” or “am.”10、Identify the type of sentence that is used in the following example: “Watch out for that step; it’s higher than you might think.”A) ImperativeB) InterrogativeC) ExclamatoryD) DeclarativeAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence “Watch out for that step; it’s higher than you might think.” begins with a command (“Watch out”), making it an imperative sentence. Although the second part could be considered informative, the primary function of the sentence is to give an instruction or command to the listener.11、In the following sentence, which word is used as a demonstrative pronoun?A)ThisB)ThatC)TheseD)ThoseAnswer: A) ThisExplanation: The word “this” is used as a demonstrative pronoun to refer to a person or thing that is near in space or time to the speaker. It is usedhere to point to a specific person or object that is close to the speaker.12、Which of the following phrases is an example of a simile?A)The child was running as fast as a cheetah.B)The room was quiet, as silent as a tomb.C)The sun was shining brightly, as if it were a beacon.D)The book was old, with the pages yellowed like autumn leaves.Answer: B) The room was quiet, as silent as a tomb.Explanation: A simile is a figure of speech that compares two things using “like” or “as.” In option B, the phrase “as silent as a tomb” directly compares the quietness of the room to the silence of a tomb, making it a simile. The other options use phrases that suggest a comparison but do not explicitly use “like” or “as.”13、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A) If I was you, I would take the job.B) If she were me, she would refuse the offer.C) If he be late, we shall start without him.D) If they was here yesterday, they would have met John.Answer: B) If she were me, she would refuse the offer.Explanation: The subjunctive mood is used to express hypothetical or contrary-to-fact conditions. Option B is correct because “were” is the correct form to use for the subjunctive mood in this context. Options A, C, and D use incorrect forms or do not properly apply the subjunctive mood.14、Choose the sentence that correctly employs a reported speech:A) He said, “I am going to the store,” so I went with him.B) She told me that she has seen a UFO.C) They reported that they had finished their homework.D) It was reported that the meeting will be postponed.Answer: C) They reported that they had finished their homework.Explanation: Reported speech (also known as indirect speech) requires the reporting verb (such as report, say, tell) to be followed by a clause that conveys what was originally said. Option C is correct because it uses the past perfect tense “had finished” which show s the action was completed before the time of reporting, fitting correctly into the sequence of events. Options A and B do not correctly change the tense when reporting what was said, and option D incorrectly uses the future tense in reported speech.15、The following sentence is written in active voice. Which of the following is the correct passive voice form of the sentence?A. The book was written by him.B. The book was written by him.C. The book was written by him.D. The book was written by him.Answer: AExplanation: The active voice sentence is “He wrote the book.” To convert it to passive voice, we change the order of the subject and the verb, and use “was” or “were” followed by the past participle of the verb. Therefore, the correctpassive voice f orm is “The book was written by him.”16、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence:The student was________(A) in the library (B) to study (C) for two hours (D).Answer: CExplanation: The correct phrase to complete the sentence is “The student was studying for two hours.” This phrase indicates the action (studying) and the duration (for two hours). The other options do not fit the sentence structure or meaning.17、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of communicative language teaching (CLT)?A)Focus on meaningful communicationB)Emphasis on accuracy over fluencyC)Use of authentic materialsD)Encouragement of learner autonomyAnswer: B) Emphasis on accuracy over fluencyExplanation: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasizes the importance of fluency and the ability to communicate meaningfully in real-life situations. While accuracy is still important, CLT places a higher value on the ability to use language in a functional way that allows for effective interaction. The other options (A, C, and D) are indeed characteristics of CLT, as it encourages the use of real, meaningful language, employs authentic materials, and supports learners in becoming more independent and responsible for theirown learning.18、When designing a lesson plan, which of the following would be the most appropriate objective for a teacher who wants to develop students’ listening skills at the intermediate level?A)Students will be able to write a short story based on a given set ofvocabulary words.B)Students will be able to recognize and produce the past tense of regularand irregular verbs.C)Students will be able to understand the main idea and specific detailsof a conversation about daily activities.D)Students will be able to present a 5-minute oral report on their favoritebook.Answer: C) Students will be able to understand the main idea and specific details of a conversation about daily activities.Explanation: For developing listening skills, especially at an intermediate level, it’s crucial to focus on comprehension, including understanding both the main ideas and the specific details within a spoken text. Option A focuses on writing, option B on grammar, and option D on speaking, which are all valuable but not directly related to listening skill development. Therefore, option C is the most suitable objective for a lesson aimed at improving listening skills, as it specifically targets the ability to comprehend spoken language.19.What is the main purpose of using authentic materials in language teaching?A)To provide students with exposure to the target language.B)To help students understand grammar rules.C)To focus on vocabulary building.D)To test students’ proficiency in the target language.Answer: AExplanation: The main purpose of using authentic materials in language teaching is to provide students with exposure to the target language in its natural context, which helps them better understand and acquire the language. While grammar rules, vocabulary building, and proficiency testing are also important aspects of language teaching, they are not the primary reasons for using authentic materials.20.In a reading lesson, the teacher wants to encourage students to predict the content of a text. Which of the following activities would be the most effective?A)Asking students to summarize the main idea of the text.B)Showing a few images related to the text and asking students to guess the topic.C)Reading the text aloud and pausing at certain points to ask students about theirpredictions.D)Having students read the text silently and then discussing their predictions in groups.Answer: BExplanation: Showing a few images related to the text and asking students to guess the topic is the most effective activity for encouraging students to predict the content of a text. This approach engages students visually and helpsthem make predictions based on prior knowledge and context clues. The other options also have their merits but may not be as effective in prompting predictions as the visual cue provided by images.21、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood to expressa wish contrary to reality?A) If I were a bird, I would fly freely.B) If he studies hard, he will pass the exam.C) She will go to the party if she finishes her homework.D) They will not leave until the meeting ends.Answer: AExplanation: The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, suggestions, or situations that are hypothetical or contrary to fact. In option A, “If I were a bird,” the past tense form of ‘be’ (were) is used with ‘I’, which is a clear indicator of the subjunctive mood, expressing an impossible condition. Options B, C, and D use the indicative mood to describe factual conditions or future possibilities.22、In the sentence “The teacher as well as the students_______very excited about the upcoming field trip,” which verb form should be used to agree with the subject?A) isB) areC) wasAnswer: AExplanation: When a subject is followed by a phrase such as “as well as,” “along with,” “together with,” or “in addition to,” the verb should agree with the subject preceding these phrases, not with the noun or pronoun following them. In this case, “the teacher” is singular and comes before “as well as the students,” so the correct verb form to use is “is” to maintain subject-verb agreement.23、What is the main purpose of the following sentence in a text for English language learners?“A. To provide background information about the topic.B. To introduce the vocabulary needed for the lesson.C. To offer a direct instruction on the correct usage of a grammar structure.D. To assess the students’ understanding of the previous lesson.”Answer: BExplanation: The main purpose of the sentence in question is to introduce the vocabulary needed for the lesson. This is because the sentence is likely to include key terms or phrases that are crucial for understanding the lesson content. While the other options may be secondary purposes of a text, introducing new vocabulary is often the primary focus in language learning contexts.24、In the context of teaching English as a foreign language, which of the following strategies is most effective for promoting active listening amongA. Providing detailed notes for the students to follow during the lesson.B. Asking students to predict the content of the upcoming lesson based on a title.C. Using pictures and gestures to convey the meaning of new vocabulary without translation.D. Assigning students to read aloud a passage from the textbook and then summarizing the main points.Answer: CExplanation: Using pictures and gestures to convey the meaning of new vocabulary without translation is the most effective strategy for promoting active listening among students. This method encourages students to engage with the language directly, relying on visual and kinesthetic cues to understand new words, rather than passively listening to explanations or reading text. This active engagement enhances comprehension and retention.25.The teacher wants to create a positive learning environment in her classroom. Which of the following activities is most likely to promote this?A. Regularly assigning group work and requiring students to complete individual tasks.B. Strictly enforcing rules with severe consequences for infractions.C. Encouraging students to take risks and share their thoughts freely.D. Conducting all lessons in a strict, formal tone.Answer: CExplanation: Encouraging students to take risks and share their thoughts freely (Option C) is most likely to create a positive learning environment. It fostersa sense of trust, respect, and collaboration among students. The other options either create a rigid atmosphere (Option B and D) or divide the students’ attention between group and individual work (Option A).26.What is the primary purpose of formative assessments in the language classroom?A. To evaluate students’ final performance on a specific subject.B. To provide feedback and guide students’ learning throughout the course.C. To compare students’ performance with that of their peers.D. To identify and correct mistakes made by students before they become ingrained.Answer: BExplanation: The primary purpose of formative assessments (Option B) is to provide feedback and guide students’ learning throughout the course. They help teachers and students monitor progress, identify areas for improvement, and adjust teaching methods accordingly. Options A, C, and D describe different aspects of summative assessments, which are typically used to evaluate students’ final performance.27.Which of the following is NOT an essential component of the English language curriculum for junior high school students?A. Reading comprehensionB. Grammar and vocabularyC. Physical educationD. Writing skillsAnswer: CExplanation: Physical education is not an essential component of the English language curriculum for junior high school students. The English curriculum should focus on developing reading comprehension, grammar and vocabulary, and writing skills.28.In a junior high school English class, the teacher wants to encourage student participation. Which of the following activities would be most effective in achieving this goal?A. Conducting a single-student presentationB. Pair work activities where students discuss a topicC. Group projects with no interaction between studentsD. Having a class discussion with only the teacher asking questionsAnswer: BExplanation: Pair work activities where students discuss a topic would be the most effective in encouraging student participation. This method allows students to interact with each other, share ideas, and develop speaking and listening skills, which are essential for language learning. The other options either limit student interaction or do not promote active participation.29、The following sentence is an example of a(n)_________sentence.A. simpleB. compoundC. complexD. compound-complexAnswer: A. simpleExplanation: A simple sentence has only one independent clause and does not contain any dependent clauses. The sentence “The teacher explained the grammar rules clearly.” consists of one independent clause and does not have any dependent clauses, making it a simple sentence.30、In the sentence “She sang beautifully, and she played the piano perfectly,” the conjunction “and” is used to join two_________sentences.A. simpleB. compoundC. complexD. compound-complexAnswer: B. compoundExplanation: A compound sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction (such as “and,” “but,” “or”) or by a semicolon. In the sentence “She sang beautifully, and she played the piano perfectly,” the conjunction “and” joins two simple sentences, “She sang beautifully” and “She played the piano perfectly.”二、简答题（20分）Question:Explain the importance of vocabulary teaching in the English language classroom. Discuss how teachers can effectively integrate vocabulary learning into their lessons and provide examples of vocabulary activities that can be used in a middle school setting.Answer:Vocabulary teaching plays a crucial role in the English language classroom as it lays the foundation for students to communicate effectively and understand the content of texts. Here are some reasons why vocabulary teaching is important:munication: A rich vocabulary enables students to express their thoughts, ideas, and emotions more accurately and clearly.2.Reading Comprehension: A wide range of vocabulary helps students understand and interpret written texts, including literary and non-literary texts.3.Writing Skills: A good vocabulary allows students to construct more complex and varied sentences, which enhances their writing skills.4.Listening and Speaking: A broad vocabulary aids students in comprehending spoken language and in expressing themselves when speaking.To effectively integrate vocabulary learning into their lessons, teachers can follow these strategies:1.Introduce new vocabulary through context: Present new words in the context of meaningful sentences or stories, allowing students to understand the word in a real-lifesituation.e varied vocabulary teaching techniques: Employ different methods such as word walls, vocabulary games, and word puzzles to keep students engaged and interested in learning new words.3.Encourage active learning: Get students to actively participate in vocabulary learning by using activities like word searches, matching games, and flashcards.4.Practice with diverse activities: Incorporate activities such asrole-plays, debates, and group discussions that require students to use new vocabulary in different contexts.Here are some examples of vocabulary activities that can be used in a middle school setting:1.Vocabulary word wall: Create a word wall with new vocabulary words and use it to reinforce learning during lessons.2.Vocabulary games: Play games such as “Simon Says” or “Guess the Word” that encourage students to use new vocabulary in different sentence structures.3.Word puzzles: Use word puzzles like crosswords or word searches to reinforce vocabulary learning.4.Role-plays: Have students act out scenarios that require them to use new vocabulary words, which helps them understand the meaning and usage of the words in real-life situations.By incorporating these strategies and activities into their lessons, teachers can help students develop a strong vocabulary foundation, which willcontribute to their overall language proficiency and academic success. 三、教学情境分析题（30分）Question: In a middle school English class, the teacher is teaching a unit about “Hobbies and Interests”. The class consists of 25 students, with a mix of different proficiency levels. The teacher has prepared a lesson plan that includes vocabulary practice, a reading passage, and a group discussion. However, the teacher realizes that some students are struggling to keep up with the vocabulary, while others are becoming restless due to the slow pace of the reading passage. The teacher needs to adapt the lesson to cater to the diverse needs of the students. How would you advise the teacher to handle this situation?Answer:1.Start by acknowledging the different proficiency levels in the class and the challenges faced by both groups of students.2.For the students struggling with vocabulary, the teacher could implement the following strategies:e simple language and visuals to explain new vocabulary words.b.Provide a word bank with definitions and examples of each word.c.Allow students to work in pairs or small groups to practice using newvocabulary, which can help them feel more supported.d.Incorporate vocabulary games or activities that are engaging andinteractive, such as “Simon Says” or “Vocabulary Bingo”.3.To address the needs of the students who are restless due to the slow pace of the reading passage, the teacher could try the following:a.Break the reading into smaller sections and provide a summary after eachsection to keep students engaged.b.Allow students to choose between two different reading passages, withvarying difficulty levels, based on their interests and proficiency.e a variety of reading strategies, such as skimming and scanning, tohelp students find the information they need more quickly.d.Incorporate comprehension questions after each section to encourageactive reading and ensure students are following along.4.To engage the whole class and cater to different learning styles, the teacher could incorporate the following activities:e multimedia resources, such as videos or online articles, to accompanythe reading passage and make the material more engaging.b.Conduct a group discussion or debate about the main themes of the readingpassage, allowing students to express their opinions and reinforce their understanding.c.Assign a writing task related to the topic of hobbies and interests,encouraging students to use new vocabulary and express their thoughts ina creative way.By implementing these strategies, the teacher can create a more inclusive and engaging learning environment that meets the diverse needs of the students in the middle school English class.Explanation:This answer provides a step-by-step approach to addressing the challengespresented by the different proficiency levels in the class. By acknowledging the diversity of the students and adapting the lesson plan accordingly, the teacher can create a more effective and inclusive learning experience. The suggested strategies are practical and can be easily implemented in a classroom setting.四、教学设计题（40分）Question:Design a 45-minute lesson plan for a primary school English class, focusing on the topic of “Animals in the Wild.” The lesson should include a warm-up activity, a main activity, and a closing activity. The class consists of 30 students aged 10-12 years old. Assume that the students have basic knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar.Warm-up Activity (10 minutes):1.Greet the students and ask them to share their favorite animal with a partner.2.Have each pair tell the class about their chosen animal, using simple sentences.Main Activity (30 minutes):1.Present New Material:•Introduce the t opic of “Animals in the Wild” using pictures and simple sentences.•Use flashcards to display animals like “lion,” “elephant,” “tiger,”“giraffe,” and “zebra.”。
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力试题及解答参考(2024年)
2024年教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及解答参考一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A)If I was you, I would take the job.B)If she were me, she wouldn’t go.C)If he be late, we’ll start without him.D)If they were here yesterday, they saw her.Answer: B) If she were me, she wouldn’t go.Explanation: The correct form for the subjunctive mood in the if-clause is “were” rather than “was.” Option B correctly uses “were” to express a hypothetical situation in the present or future.2、Choose the correct phrasal verb to complete the sentence:“We need to_______our plans because of the unexpected weather conditions.”A)look outB)put offC)take overD)set upAnswer: B) put offExplanation: The correct choice to complete the sentence is “put off,” which means to delayor postpone something. Given the context of unexpected weather conditions, postponing plans makes the most sense.3、The following sentence is an example of which sentence type?A)Simple sentenceB)Compound sentenceC)Complex sentenceD)Compound-complex sentenceAnswer: CExplanation: A complex sentence contains at least one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. The example sentence provided has an independent clause (“The students enjoy learning English”) and a dependent clause (“because it is a useful language for global communication”), making it a complex sentence.4、Choose the correct word form to complete the sentence.The teacher (encourage) the students to participate in the school’s science fair.A)encouragesB)encouragedC)is encouragingD)will encourageAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence is in the present tense, indicating a general truth or repeated action. The correct form to use is the simple present tensefor the verb “encourage,” which is “encourages.”5、Which of the following is NOT a correct use of the present perfect tense?A) I have just eaten breakfast.B) She has lived in London since 2008.C) They have arrived yesterday.D) We have finished our homework.Answer: C) They have arrived yesterday.Explanation: The present perfect tense is formed by using “have” or “has” followed by the past participle of the verb. It describes actions that startedin the past but continue to the present or actions that occurred at an unspecified time in t he past. Option C incorrectly combines the present perfect “have arrived” with a specific past time “yesterday.” Instead, it should use the simple past tense “They arrived yesterday.”6、Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject in the following sentence:“The committee________(was / were) divided in its opinions.”A) wasB) wereAnswer: A) wasExplanation: Even though “committee” can be considered plural in some contexts, when it’s being used to describe the group as a single entity, particularly when referring to its opinions collectively, the singular verb“was” is used. In this case, the sentence implies that the group as a whole had differing opinions, thus “The committee was divided in its opinions” is correct.7、In a middle school English class, the teacher wants to encourage students to express their opinions in an interactive way. Which of the following activities is most appropriate for achieving this goal?A)Reading a long passage silentlyB)Listening to a recorded story and summarizing itC)Discussing a current event in small groupsD)Writing a detailed essay individuallyAnswer: C) Discussing a current event in small groupsExplanation: Discussing a current event in small groups allows students to engage in interactive conversation, express their opinions, and listen to the viewpoints of others. This activity promotes collaborative learning and critical thinking skills, which are essential for language development and communication.8、The teacher is preparing a lesson plan for a unit on “Healthy Living.” Which of the following teaching strategies is most suitable for integrating vocabulary related to health and fitness into the lesson?A)Using flashcards with pictures onlyB)Presenting a list of health-related vocabulary and having students memorize itC)Creating a role-play scenario where students practice using the new vocabulary in areal-life contextD)Providing a worksheet with multiple-choice questions about the health-relatedvocabularyAnswer: C) Creating a role-play scenario where students practice using the new vocabulary in a real-life contextExplanation: Creating a role-play scenario allows students to engage in authentic language use, which helps them understand and remember the new vocabulary more effectively. By using the vocabulary in a meaningful context, students can develop their speaking and listening skills while also applying the new knowledge in a practical manner.9、Which of the following sentences correctly uses the subjunctive mood in its clause?A. If he was earlier, he would catch the bus.B. She suggested that he study harder to improve his grades.C. If she were me, she would travel around the world.D. They insisted that he was responsible for the mistake.Answer: CExplanation: Option C correctly employs the subjunctive mood with “were” to express a hypothetical situation that is contrary to fact.10、Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject in the following sentence:The list of candidates_______(is/are) placed on the notice board.A. isB. areAnswer: AExplanation: Since “the list” is a singular noun acting as the subject of the sentence, the correct verb form to use is “is”.生成的“教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力试卷”的“一、单项选择题”部分如下：I. Single Choice Questions9、Which of the following sentences correctly uses the subjunctive mood in its clause?A. If he was earlier, he would catch the bus.B. She suggested that he study harder to improve his grades.C. If she were me, she would travel around the world.D. They insisted that he was responsible for the mistake.Answer: CExplanation: Option C correctly employs the subjunctive mood with “were” to express a hypothetical situation that is contrary to fact.10、Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject in the following sentence:The list of candidates_______(is/are) placed on the notice board.A. isB. areAnswer: AExplanation: Since “the list” is a singular noun acting as the subject of the sentence, the correct verb form to use is “is”.以上是所请求的教师资格考试题目，如有其他需求，请随时告知！11.The following sentence is an example of which tense?A. Present simpleB. Present continuousC. Past simpleD. Future simpleAnswer: B. Present continuousExplanation: The present continuous tense is used to describe actions that are currently happening or ongoing. The sentence “They are reading books in the library.” indicates an action that is happening at the moment, making it the present continuous tense.12.Which of the following sentence structures is used to form a question in English?A. Subject + Verb + ObjectB. Subject + Object + VerbC. Verb + Subject + ObjectD. Object + Verb + SubjectAnswer: C. Verb + Subject + ObjectExplanation: In English, the structure “Verb + Subject + Object” is used to form a question. For example, “Are you going to the market?” is formed by moving the verb “are” before the subject “you.” This structure inverts the usual subject-verb-object order to form a question.13、In a primary school English lesson, the teacher uses a picture book to teach vocabulary. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate teaching method in this situation?A. Pointing out and labeling the objects in the pictures.B. Asking students to retell the story in their own words.C. Playing a game where students act out the story.D. Writing the vocabulary words on the blackboard and asking students to copy them.Answer: DExplanation: Writing vocabulary words on the blackboard and asking students to copy them is not an engaging or interactive teaching method. It lacks the visual and auditory components that make learning vocabulary more effective. Instead, pointing out objects in pictures, encouraging students to retell stories, and acting out the story can all help students to understand and remember new vocabulary.14、In the context of teaching grammar, the teacher wants to ensure that students can correctly use past tense verbs. Which of the following strategies would be most effective for this goal?A. Providing students with a list of irregular past tense verbs and having them memorize them.B. Having students complete grammar exercises from a workbook.C. Using a real-life example and demonstrating how to form past tense verbs.D. Asking students to write a short story using past tense verbs without any guidance.Answer: CExplanation: Using a real-life example and demonstrating how to form past tense verbs is the most effective strategy in this context. It provides students with a concrete example to follow, which helps them understand the concept better. Simply memorizing a list of irregular verbs or completing workbook exercises might help with memorization, but they do not necessarily reinforce the understanding of how to form past tense verbs. Giving students the freedom to write a short story without guidance could lead to incorrect usage if they are not properly taught the rules.15.What is the main purpose of using direct instructions in a language classroom?A)To encourage students to speak freelyB)To provide students with clear and explicit guidanceC)To minimize the use of the mother tongueD)To create a fun and interactive learning environmentAnswer: B) To provide students with clear and explicit guidanceExplanation: Direct instructions are used in the language classroom to ensure that students understand the tasks and instructions given by the teacher. This helps in providing clear and explicit guidance, which is essential for effective learning.16.Which of the following activities is most suitable for practicing pasttense in English?A)Role-playing a present eventB)Listening to a story in the present tenseC)Discussing future plansD)Describing past experiencesAnswer: D) Describing past experiencesExplanation: Describing past experiences is the most suitable activity for practicing past tense in English. This activity requires students to use past tense verbs to narrate events that have already occurred, thus reinforcing the correct usage of past tense in a meaningful context.17.The teacher wants to encourage students to participate actively in the class. Which of the following activities is most suitable for this purpose?A. Reading aloud from a textbook.B. Discussing a topic in groups.C. Solving math problems individually.D. Watching a video and taking notes.Answer: BExplanation: Group discussions encourage active participation and allow students to express their thoughts and opinions, which is a great way to foster engagement and communication skills.18.In teaching English vocabulary, the teacher wants to help students learn new words effectively. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate?A. Just listing the words and translating them.B. Providing the definition and example sentence only.C. Using context clues and asking students to guess the meaning.D. Asking students to memorize the words without any context.Answer: CExplanation: Using context clues helps students to infer the meaning of new words from the surrounding information, which is a more effective method for vocabulary learning than memorizing words in isolation. This approach also enh ances students’ reading comprehension skills.19.What is the primary purpose of the following sentence in a reading comprehension text?A) To provide background information.B) To present a definition.C) To argue a point.D) To summarize the text.Answer: C)Explanation: The sentence in question is most likely used to argue a point or present an argument in the context of a reading comprehension text. It is not providing background information (A), presenting a definition (B), or summarizing the text (D).20.In the context of lesson planning, which of the following is an essential component of a lesson objective?A)The learning outcomes.B)The teaching methods.C)The assessment strategies.D)The student’s prior knowledge.Answer: A)Explanation: The learning outcomes are essential components of a lesson objective as they define what students are expected to learn or be able to do after the lesson. Teaching methods (B), assessment strategies (C), and student’s prior knowledge (D) are important considerations but not the primary component of a lesson objective.21.What is the main purpose of a vocabulary activity in English language teaching for junior high school students?A. To practice grammar rules.B. To develop listening skills.C. To expand vocabulary.D. To improve reading comprehension.Answer: CExplanation: The main purpose of a vocabulary activity in English language teaching for junior high school students is to expand their vocabulary. While activities might also indirectly support grammar, listening, and reading skills, the primary focus is on increasing the students’ knowledge of new words and phrases.22.Which of the following techniques is most appropriate for assessing students’ understanding of a complex text in the context of a junior high s chool English lesson?A. Multiple-choice questions.B. Short answer questions.C. Matching exercises.D. Role-play.Answer: BExplanation: Short answer questions are the most appropriate technique for assessing students’ understanding of a complex text in a junior high school English lesson. These questions require students to demonstrate their understanding by providing a detailed response, which is more indicative of their comprehension than a simple yes/no or multiple-choice answer. Matching exercises and role-play can be good for other skills, but not specifically for understanding complex text.23.The sentence “The book is easy to read, but difficult to understand.” is an example of which kind of sentence structure?A. SimpleB. ComplexC. CompoundD. Compound-ComplexAnswer: BExplanation: A complex sentence is made up of one independent clause and one or more dependent claus es. In this case, “The book is easy to read” is the independent clause, and “but difficult to understand” is a dependentclause, making it a complex sentence.24.Which of the following words is a homophone?A. ThereB. TheirC. They’reD. They’reAnswer: CExplanation: Homophones are words that are pronounced the same but have different meanings and spellings. “They’re” is a homophone of “there” and “their,” but it is the correct word to use in the context of the sentence, referring to the fact that something is owned by them.25.Which of the following sentence structures is commonly used to expressa future event in English?A. The teacher will teach us how to use the grammar correctly.B. It seems like it will rain tomorrow.C. She is coming to the party.D. The cat is sleeping.Answer: BExplanation: The sentence structure commonly used to express a future event in English is the future simple tense, often introduced by words like “will” or “going to.” In this case, “seems like it will rain tomorrow” uses the future simple tense correctly to express a future event. The other options arepresent simple tense or present continuous tense, which are not used to express future events.26.What is the main purpose of a prewriting activity in the teaching of writing?A. To evaluate the final product of the writing assignment.B. To review the grammatical structure of the target language.C. To brainstorm ideas and organize thoughts before writing.D. To practice the use of new vocabulary words.Answer: CExplanation: The main purpose of a prewriting activity in the teaching of writing is to help students brainstorm ideas and organize their thoughts before they start writing. This stage is crucial in the writing process as it helps students to clarify their ideas and prepare a structure for their writing. Options A, B, and D are not the primary purposes of prewriting activities.27.What is the primary purpose of using cooperative learning in a middle school English classroom?A)To promote individual competition among studentsB)To encourage students to work independentlyC)To facilitate collaborative learning and communication skillsD)To reduce the amount of homework assignedAnswer: C) To facilitate collaborative learning and communication skillsExplanation: Cooperative lear ning is a method that aims to enhance students’ ability to work together and communicate effectively. It encourages studentsto collaborate on tasks, share responsibilities, and learn from one another, which aligns with the purpose of fostering collaborative and communication skills.28.Which of the following strategies is most effective for teaching vocabulary to middle school students?A)rote memorizationB)translation from students’ native languageC)using context clues and prior knowledgeD)showing the word in isolation without any contextAnswer: C) using context clues and prior knowledgeExplanation: Using context clues and prior knowledge is a highly effective strategy for teaching vocabulary to middle school students. It helps them understand the meaning of new words by connecting them to their existing knowledge and understanding the context in which the words are used. Rote memorization and showing words in isolation can be less effective as they do not provide students with a deeper understanding of the words.29、In the following sentence, “She was awarded the prize for her outstanding contribution to the community,” which part of speech is underlined?A)awardedB)outstandingC)contributionD)communityAnswer: B) outstandingExplanation: The word “outstanding” is an adjective that describes the noun “contribution,” making it the correct answer. The other options are not the correct parts of speech in this context.30、Choose the sentence that contains the correct use of the subjunctive mood.A)If I were you, I would go to the party.B)He is going to win the race if he keeps practicing.C)She had better not leave the house because it’s raining.D)They should have finished the project by now.Answer: A) If I were you, I would go to the party.Explanation: The subjunctive mood is used to express a hypothetical situation, wish, or imaginary condition. In this case, “If I were you” is a clear example of a conditional sentence in the subjunctive mood. The other sentences do not use the subjunctive mood correctly.二、简答题（20分）Question:Explain the importance of incorporating different learning styles into English language teaching in junior high schools. How can teachers achieve this diversity in their classrooms?Answer:Incorporating different learning styles into English language teaching in junior high schools is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it ensures thatall students, regardless of their preferred learning style, have the opportunity to engage with and understand the material effectively. Secondly, it fosters a more inclusive and diverse learning environment, promoting higher levels of student satisfaction and motivation. Lastly, it enhances the students’ ability to develop a range of skills that are essential for their future academic and professional endeavors.To achieve diversity in the classroom, teachers can implement the following strategies:1.Assess students’ learning styles: By understanding their students’ preferences, teachers can tailor their instruction to cater to various learning styles. This can be done through pre-assessments, informal observations, and discussions.e a variety of teaching methods: Incorporate different teaching methods that cater to visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners. For instance, use visual aids such as charts, graphs, and videos for visual learners; auditory techniques like songs, role-playing, and discussions for auditory learners; and kinesthetic activities like group work, experiments, and hands-on projects for kinesthetic learners.3.Provide opportunities for student choice: Allow students to choose froma variety of activities and tasks that align with their preferred learning style. For example, offer a choice between reading a passage and watching a related video or between listening to an audio recording and completing a listening quiz.4.Encourage collaboration: Group students with diverse learning styles to work together on projects. This helps students learn from each other and developtheir ability to adapt to different learning situations.5.Integrate technology: Utilize educational technology tools that cater to various learning styles. For instance, online platforms can offer interactive lessons and multimedia content that cater to visual and auditory learners, while educational apps can provide kinesthetic experiences.6.Continuously assess and adapt: Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of the diverse teaching strategies used in the classroom and make adjustments as needed. This ensures that the instruction remains relevant and engaging for all students.By incorporating these strategies, teachers can create a more inclusive and effective English language learning environment in junior high schools, catering to the diverse needs of their students.三、教学情境分析题（30分）Question:As a teacher of English in a junior high school, you are preparing a lesson on the topic of “Travel and Tourism”. The students are in the 8th grade and have a basic understanding of present tense verbs. Your class consists of 25 students, with a mix of English language learners and native speakers. The lesson aims to enhance their vocabulary, grammar, and speaking skills. You have a limited amount of teaching materials available, including a map of a popular tourist destination, some pictures of landmarks, and a set of flashcards with travel-related vocabulary.Please analyze the teaching situation and provide a lesson plan that incorporates the following objectives:1.To introduce and practice the present tense verbs related to travel and tourism.2.To expand the students’ vocabulary related to travel and tourism.3.To encourage the students to engage in a speaking activity, using the vocabulary and grammar they have learned.Answer:Lesson Plan: “Travel and Tourism”Objective 1: Introduce and practice present tense verbs related to travel and tourism1.Warm-up (5 minutes)•Begin with a quick review of present tense verbs by asking students to provide examples of common verbs they know.•Write these verbs on the board and ask students to conjugate them in the present tense.2.Introduction (10 minutes)•Show a map of a popular tourist destination and ask students to name some famous landmarks.•Write these landmarks on the board and provide their present tense verbs, such as “visit,” “explore,” “enjoy,” “sightsee,” and “stay.”3.Vocabulary Expansion (15 minutes)•Distribute flashcards with travel-related vocabulary, such as “hotel,”“restaurant,” “airport,” “train,” and “plane.”•Ask students to work in pairs and match each flashcard with its corresponding pr esent tense verb (e.g., “stay at a hotel,” “eat at a restaurant”).•Encourage them to use the new vocabulary in sentences.4.Grammar Practice (10 minutes)•Explain the present continuous tense, emphasizing its use to describe ongoing actions in the present.•Provide examples, such as “We are exploring the landmarks” and “They are staying at a hotel.”•Ask students to create their own sentences using the present continuous tense.Objective 2: Expand the students’ vocabulary related to travel and tourism1.Vocabulary Review (10 minutes)•Review the travel-related vocabulary introduced earlier by asking students to form sentences using the words in the present tense. •Write these sentences on the board and provide feedback on their grammar and vocabulary usage.2.Word Search (10 minutes)•Distribute a word search puzzle containing the travel-related vocabulary words.•Give students a few minutes to complete the puzzle, then review the words with the class.Objective 3: Encourage the students to engage in a speaking activity1.Group Discussion (15 minutes)•Divide the class into small groups of 5 students each.•Provide each group with a scenario, such as “Imagine you are on a family vacation. Where are you goi ng? What are you doing?”.•Instruct the students to discuss their scenarios in their groups, using the vocabulary and grammar they have learned.•After a few minutes, ask each group to present their discussion to the class.2.Reflection and Closure (5 minutes)•Have students reflect on what they have learned during the lesson, emphasizing the importance of using present tense verbs andtravel-related vocabulary in real-life situations.•Conclude the lesson by asking students to share their favorite travel destinations or experiences.Explanation:The lesson plan focuses on introducing and practicing present tense verbs related to travel and tourism, expanding vocabulary, and encouraging speaking skills. By incorporating a variety of activities such as vocabulary matching, grammar practice, and group discussions, the teacher can cater to different learning styles and provide a comprehensive learning experience for the students.四、教学设计题（40分）Question:Design a lesson plan for a 45-minute English class for Grade 8 students, focusing on the theme of “Healthy Eating Habits.” The lesson should include the following elements:1.Warm-up activity: A quick review of vocabulary related to food and nutrition.2.Introduction: Discuss the importance of healthy eating habits.3.Main activity: A group activity where students research and present healthy food options.4.Wrap-up activity: A class discussion on how to incorporate healthy eating habits into daily life.Answer:Lesson Plan: “Healthy Eating Habits” for Grade 8Duration: 45 minutes1.Warm-up activity (5 minutes):Objective: Review vocabulary related to food and nutrition.Materials:•Whiteboard or blackboard•Markers or chalk•Vocabulary list (e.g., fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fast food, etc.) Procedure:a.Begin the class by asking students to quickly recall as many food andnutrition-related words as they can in one minute.b.Write the words on the board and invite students to volunteer answers.c.Discuss the importance of these words in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.2.Introduction (5 minutes):Objective: Discuss the importance of healthy eating habits.Materials:•Interactive whiteboard or projector•Images of healthy and unhealthy food optionsProcedure:a.Show images of healthy and unhealthy food options to the class.b.Ask students to identify which ones are healthy and which are not.c.Discuss the consequences of poor eating habits and the benefits of healthyeating.3.Main activity (20 minutes):Objective: Group activity where students research and present healthy food options.Materials:•Computers or tablets•Internet access•Whiteboard or blackboard•Markers or chalkProcedure:a.Divide the class into groups of 4-5 students.b.Assign each group a specific healthy food category (e.g., fruits,vegetables, whole grains).。
初中英语教学能手基础理论复习材料.docx
1.1 了解教育学的发展历程I一、教育学的萌芽阶段。
《学记》、孔子、昆体良、苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多徳等著作及人物的教育思想。
教育还没有分化成为一门独立的学科。
二、教育学的独立形态阶段。
捷克夸美纽斯《大教学论》是教育学作为一门独立学科产生的标志。
德国康德最早将教育学在大学里讲授。
德国赫尔巴特《普通教育学》标志科学教育学的产生。
这一阶段教育学具有独立形态，成为一门独立科学。
三、教育学的多样化阶段。
杜威进步主义教育流派。
梅伊曼实验教育学1古代教育（1）不同国家古代学校教育的形态。
A古代中国教育B古代印度教育C古代埃及教育D古代希腊、罗马教育。
（2 ）古代教育的特点：阶级性、道统性、刻板性、象征性、专制性。
2文艺复兴后的欧洲教育。
以人性反对神性、以科学理性反对蒙昧主义、以个性解放反对封建专制，以平等反对等级观念对当时和后世的教育产生了重要的影响3近代教育（1 ）国家加强了对教育的重视和干预，公立教育崛起（2 ）教育的世俗化（3）初等义务教育的普遍实施（4）重视教育立法，以法治教。
4、2 0世纪以后的教育（1 ）教育的终身化（2 ）教育的全民化（3 ）教育的多元化（4）教育的民主化（5）教育技术的现代化注^要是受到遗传、成熟、环境和个人实践活动的影响。
学校教育是一种特殊的环境，他对个体的发展有着特殊的意义。
2.1青少年身心发展的规律（1）个体身心的发展的顺序性。
（2）个体身心发展的阶段性。
（3）个体身心发展的不平衡性。
（4）个体身心发展的互补性。
（5）个体身心发展的个别差异性。
3.11教育与经帝教育直接或间接地受到生产力发展水平的制约，另一方面，教育又对经济的发展具有巨大的推动作用。
教育对经济发展的推动作用主要通过两条道路实现:（1）教育再生产劳动力（2）教育再生产科学技术3.21教育与政洽1政治经济制度对教育的作用（1）政治经济制度决定教育的领导权（2）政治经济制度决定受教育的权利（3）政治经济制度决定着教育目的的性质和思想品德教育的内容。
2023年教师资格(中学)-英语学科知识与教学能力(初中)考试备考题库附带答案5
2023年教师资格（中学）-英语学科知识与教学能力（初中）考试备考题库附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共50题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) When a boy wants to have a chicken hamburger and a glass of coke, what is he supposed to place an emphasis on if he says to the waiter?→ ←A. I'd like a chicken hamburger and a glass of coke.B. I'd like a chicken hamburger and a glass of coke.C. I'd like a chicken hamburger and a glass of coke.D. I'd like a chicken hamburger and a glass of coke.正确答案：C,2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.A farmer, Mr.Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I was eating with my wife and children, "he said, "When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of US. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him. safe but very frightened."Mr s. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children ."There was no time to take anything,"she said, "A few minutes later, the roof came down."Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department broughtthem food, clothes and shelter.Mrs.Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because→←.A. her husband knew there would be a stormB. they were all outside the house when the storm became worseC. she felt the house was movingD. the welfare department helped her正确答案：C,3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneWe find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把...按含爸力分班)pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade. Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups, and this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop their leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work; it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal. In the passage the writer's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching" is ______ .A. criticalB. questioningC. approvingD. objective正确答案：C,4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?→ ←A. Time flies.B. Every little helps.C. Detail is the key to success.D. Man deposes, God proposes.正确答案：D,5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The school will set to take the combination mode of selective and → ← in order to reflect the guiding ideology of the new curriculum reform.A. practical courseB. compulsory courseC. task courseD. activity course正确答案：B,6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Chinese culture and Japanese culture have a lot→ ←.A. in factB. in sightC. in commonD. in touch正确答案：C,7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It is reported that→ ←of the country, from hotels to transport, is old and decrepit.A. industrializationB. infrastructureC. correspondenceD. commutation正确答案：B,8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.Landscape(风景)is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s, Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the hack: ground. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. What is the author's opinion of artistic reality?→ ←A. It will not be found in future works of art.B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.D. It is lacking in modem works of art.正确答案：B,9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The American economy is still in trouble，→ ←the Chinese economy is beginning to pick up.A. whenB. howeverC. whileD. therefore正确答案：C,10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Wang Hong speaks English very well.—→ ←. She can talk with Americans freely.A. I hope soB. I hope notC. I thinkD. I don't think so正确答案：C,11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following best explores American Myth in the 20th century?→ ←A. The Great GatsbyB. The Sun Also RisesC. The Sound and the FuryD. Beyond the Horizon正确答案：A,12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) "There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when theyre 18, and the truth is far from that," says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents, "there is a major shift in the middle class," declares sociologist Allan Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight months.Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people.A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of anaway-from-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, "Its ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home. " But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle DelTurco,24, has been home three times and left three times. "What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem," she explains. "He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends house.Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy home comings are a mistake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with "a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure." And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to thenest?→←A. Young adults find housing costs too high.B. Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature.C. Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support.D. Quite a number of young adults attend local schools.正确答案：B,13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —I’m going to study engineering in Peking University tomorrow.—→ ←.A. All the best in your studyB. All the best with your studyC. All the best in your businessD. All the best in your new job正确答案：A,14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Just recently the trustees of Social Security and Medicare issued their annual reports on the programs futures. Heres one startling fact: By 2030 the projected costs of Social Security and Medicare could easily consume via higher taxes-a third of workers future wage and salary increases. Were mortgaging workers future pay gains for baby boomers retirement benefits.This matters because Social Security and Medicare are pay-as-you-go programs. Current taxpayers pay current benefits. Future taxpayers will pay future benefits. Baby boomers retirement benefits will come mostly from their children and grandchildren, who will be tomorrow’s workers. Consequently, baby boomers children and grandchildren face massive tax increases. Social Security and Medicare spending now equals 14 percent of wage and salary income, reports Elizabeth Bell, a research assistant to Eugene Steuerle of the Urban Institute, Washington, D. C. By 2030, using the trustees various projections, that jumps to 26 percent. Of course, payroll taxes dont cover all the costs of Social Security and Medicare. Still, these figures provide a crude indicator of the economic burden, because costs are imposed heavily on workers via some tax, government borrowing and cuts in other government programs.It can be argued that the costs are bearable. The wage gains in the trustees reports could prove too pessimistic. Like all forecasts, theyre subject to errors. Even if they come true, they assume that tomorrow’s wages will be higher than today’s. Productivity increases; wages rise. In 2030, under the trustees "intermediate" assumptions, workers before tax incomes would be about a third higher than now, says Tom Saving of Texas A&M University. Whats the complaint if workers lost through steeper taxes-some of that? Why shouldnt they generously support parents and grandparents? Well, maybe they will. But there are at least two possible flaws in this logic.The first is that, on a year-to-year basis, wage gains would be tiny-less than 1 percent. When theyve gotten that low before, people have complained that theyre "on a treadmill" and that the American dream has been withdrawn. Even these gains might be diluted by further tax increases to trim today’s already swollen budget deficits. The second a nd more serious threat is that higher taxes would harm the economy. They might dull economic vitality by reducing investment and the rewards for work and risk-taking. Productivity and wage gains might be smaller than predicted. Then we’d flirt with that de ath spiral: Wed need still higher taxes to pay benefits, but those taxes might depress economic growth more.One way or another, workers may get fed up with paying so much of their paychecks to support retirees, many of whom were living quite comfortably. So we ought to redefine the generational compact to lighten the burden of an aging population on workers. The needed steps are clear: to acknowledge longer life expectancies by slowly raising eligibility ages for Social Security and Medicare; to limit future spending by curbing retirement benefits for the better-off; to keep people in the productive economy longer by encouraging jobs that mix "work” and "retirement".It can be learnt from the trustees reports that→←.A. the costs of retirement programs are decreasingB. governments capacity to provide social security increasesC. future income will rise at a steady but low paceD. fewer workers will support more retirees in the future正确答案：C,15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It was with great joy______ he knew that his GMAT score as 670, high enough to apply to a top university of business.A. whenB. withC. whatD. that正确答案：D,16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were: only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capable of doing the work which usedto be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of routine work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing routine jobs automatically outside office hours. But is it all good? If a lot of routine secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units. The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed Safety screens to put over a YDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them. Whatever the arguments for or against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practic e. Which of the following statements is NOT true?→ ←A. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word professor.B. The British companies care much for the health of the people using word processors.C. The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years.D. Using world processors, SecretariewS can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses.正确答案：B,17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —I think science is more useful than art.—I disagree. I th ink art is→ ←science.A. not so useful asB. less useful thanC. the most useful ofD. as useful as正确答案：D,18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Skill-integrated activities allow teachers to build in more ( ) into a lesson, for the range of activities will be wider.A. certainlyB. simplicityC. varietyD. Accuracy正确答案：C,19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following belongs to the communicative approach?→ ←A. Focus on accuracyB. Focus on fluencyC. Focus on strategiesD. Focus on comprehension正确答案：B,20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) She sat in the comer of the room，with tears→ ←down her cheeks.A. ranB. to runC. runD. running正确答案：D,21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The phrase “in bed” is pronounced as→ ←in real speech.A. /in'bed/B. /imted/C. /'inbsd/D. /'imbsd/正确答案：A,22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sets of consonants differs only in one distinctive feature?→ ←A. [v][z][3][θ]B. [t][z][?][e]C. [s][v][3][p]D. [p][d][z][S]正确答案：A,23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The word holiday originally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any day which we don't have to work. This is an example of→ ←.A. meaning shiftB. widening of meaningC. narrowing of meaningD. loss of meaning正确答案：B,24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) → ←is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.A. SemanticsB. PragmaticsC. Cognitive linguisticsD. Sociolinguistics正确答案：C,25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sets of phonetic features characterizes the English phoneme [p]?→ ←A. [voiced, dental, fricative]B. [voiceless, bilabial, stop]C. [voiced, bilabial, fricative]D. [voiceless, dental, stop]正确答案：B,26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003，→ ←he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students’ Union.A. during which timeB. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that time正确答案：A,27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?______A. Black shoes.B. Black holes.C. Black bloxes.D. Black boxes.正确答案：C,28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Just recently the trustees of Social Security and Medicare issued their annual reports on the programs futures. Heres one startling fact: By 2030 the projected costs of Social Security and Medicare could easily consume via higher taxes-a third of workers future wage and salary increases. Were mortgaging workers future pay gains for baby boomers retirement benefits.This matters because Social Security and Medicare are pay-as-you-go programs. Current taxpayers pay current benefits. Future taxpayers will pay future benefits. Baby boomers retirement benefits will come mostly from their children and grandchildren, who will be tomorrow’s workers. Consequently, baby boomers children and grandchildren f ace massive tax increases. Social Security and Medicare spending now equals 14 percent of wage and salary income, reports Elizabeth Bell, a research assistant to Eugene Steuerle of the Urban Institute, Washington, D. C. By 2030, using the trustees various projections, that jumps to 26 percent. Of course, payroll taxes dont cover all the costs of Social Security and Medicare. Still, these figures provide a crude indicator of the economic burden, because costs are imposed heavily on workers via some tax, government borrowing and cuts in other government programs.It can be argued that the costs are bearable. The wage gains in the trustees reports could prove too pessimistic. Like all forecasts, theyre subject to errors. Even if they come true, they assume tha t tomorrow’s wages will be higher than today’s. Productivity increases; wages rise. In 2030, under the trustees "intermediate" assumptions, workers before tax incomes would be about a third higher than now, says Tom Saving of Texas A&M University. Whats the complaint if workers lost through steeper taxes-some of that? Why shouldnt they generously support parents and grandparents? Well, maybe they will. But there are at least two possible flaws in this logic.The first is that, on a year-to-year basis, wage gains would be tiny-less than 1 percent. When theyve gotten that low before, people have complained that theyre "on a treadmill" and that the American dream has been withdrawn. Even these gains might be diluted by further tax increases to trim today’s alr eady swollen budget deficits. The second and more seriousthreat is that higher taxes would harm the economy. They might dull economic vitality by reducing investment and the rewards for work and risk-taking. Productivity and wage gains might be smaller th an predicted. Then we’d flirt with that death spiral: Wed need still higher taxes to pay benefits, but those taxes might depress economic growth more.One way or another, workers may get fed up with paying so much of their paychecks to support retirees, many of whom were living quite comfortably. So we ought to redefine the generational compact to lighten the burden of an aging population on workers. The needed steps are clear: to acknowledge longer life expectancies by slowly raising eligibility ages for Social Security and Medicare; to limit future spending by curbing retirement benefits for the better-off; to keep people in the productive economy longer by encouraging jobs that mix "work” and "retirement".To avoid a dismal future of the retirement programs, maybe wecould→←.A. acknowledge generational conflictsB. raise the retirement age by several yearsC. impose a heavy tax on rich peopleD. encourage early full retirement正确答案：B,29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If it→ ←，they’ll have a sports meeting in their school.A. isn't rainB. doesn't rainC. didn't rainD. won't rain正确答案：B,30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Many a customer→ ←about the poor quality of the washing machines.A. complainsB. complainC. are complainingD. have complained正确答案：A,31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It is said that the agreement→ ←between the two companies last month will become effective from May 1st.A. to signB. to be signedC. signedD. signing正确答案：C,32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Polyester (聚酯)is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glasson the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt thatthe most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.Since 1982 it has opened three new factories producing "Melinar", the raw material from whichhigh quality polyester bottles are made.The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in giant two-liter containers. Because of the build-up of the pressureof gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which hadbeen used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them, A new plastichad to be made.Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter,less noisy when being handled, and can be reused. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming. The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade.ICIs commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to tryand make them visually more attractive to the public.The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problemhere is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.Why aren’t all bottles now made of polyester?_→←A. The price of oil and plastic has risen.B. It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks.C. The public like traditional glass bottles.D. Shop-keepers dislike reusable bottles.正确答案：C,33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) As a recent study shows, once the H1N1 flu patients→ ←to hospital, the elderly have a higher risk of dying.A. were sendingB. will sendC. are sentD. have sent正确答案：C,34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following correctly describes the word stress?→ ←A. hisTory, hisTorical, hisTorianB. History, Historical, hisTorianC. History, hisTorical, hisTorianD. hisTory, hisTorical, Historian正确答案：C,35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Paper-marking is→ ←of ancient China.A. one of greatest inventorB. one of the greatest inventorsC. one of greatest inventionD. one of the greatest inventions正确答案：D,36.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Why are you standing there, Maggie?—I can't see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting→ ←me.A. behindB. in front ofC. besideD. next to正确答案：B,37.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The conversational implication of “John is a machine” asa response to “What do you think of John” iscontext-bound. It possesses all the following distinguishing properties but________.A. non-detachabilityB. calculabilityC. conventionalityD. defeasibility正确答案：C,38.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolutionin office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were: only usedby large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capable of doing the work which usedto be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most smaller companies canuse them.The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or WPSas they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processorfor both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of routine work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interestingwork for the boss. From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made betteruse of and money can be saved by doing routine jobs automatically outside office hours.But is it all good? If a lot of routine secretarial work can be done automatically, surelythis will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medicalproblems related to work with visual display units. The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed Safety screens to put over a YDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them. Whatever the arguments for or against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice. Ten years ago, smaller companies did not use large computers because→ ←.A. these companies had not enough money to buy such expensive computersB. these computers could not do the work that small computers can do todayC. these computers did not come onto the marketD. these companies did not need to use this new technology正确答案：A,39.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) passage 1Seventy years ago, more than 160, 000 Allied troops stormed the beaches of Normandy during the D-Day invasion. And while we all know that day served as a huge turning point for the Allied cause, you probably haven’ t thought much about what those soldiers carried with them to eat during and after the invasion food had to be light-weight, nutritious and very high in energy: after all, these men were about to invade Nazi-occupied land . As it so happens, the one substance that could fulfill all those requirements was a very unlikely item-a Hershey, s chocolate bar.The Hershey chocolate company was approached back in 1937 about creating a specially designed bar just for U. S. Army emergency rations. According to Hershey’ s chief chemist Sam Hinkle, the U. S government had just four requests about their new chocolate bars: they had to weight4 ounces, be high in energy, withstand high temperatures and “taste a little better thana boiled potato”，The final product was called the “D ration bar”， a blend of chocolate, sugar, cocoa butter, skim milk powder and oat flour. The viscous mixture proved too thick to move through the normal chocolate bar manufacturing set up at the Hershey plant, so initially each bar had to be packed into its 4-ounce mole by hand.As for taste, well-most who tried it said they would rather have eaten the boiled potato. The combination of fat and oat flour made the chocolate bar a dense brick, and the sugar did little to mask the overwhelmingly bitter taste to the dark chocolate. Since it was designed to withstand high temperatures, the bar was nearly impossible to bite into. Most men who ate it had to shave slices off with a knife before they could chew it, and despite the U. S Armys best efforts to stop the men from doing so, some of the ration bars ended up in the trash. Later in the war, Hershey introduced a new version, known as the Tropical bar, specially designed four extreme temperatures of the Pacific Theater. By the end of the war, the company had produced more than 3 billion ration bars.But “Hitler’ s Secret Weapon”，as many infantrymen referred to the chocolate bar, was hardly the only candy in the D-Day rations. Candy was an easy way to pep up the troops, and the quick burst of energy provided by sugar was a welcome addition to kit bags along with the D rations, troops received three days worth of K ration packs . These were devised more as meal replacements and not sustenance snacks like the D rations, and came complete with。
教师资格考试初级中学学科知识与教学能力英语试题与参考答案
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力模拟试题与参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、The teacher used a variety of teaching methods to engage students in learning. Which of the following methods is most likely to promote active student participation in a primary school English class?A. Demonstrating a new grammar structureB. Distributing a worksheet with multiple-choice questionsC. Encouraging students to create a story in groupsD. Reading a textbook aloud to the class答案：C解析：选项C中，教师鼓励学生分组创作故事，这种方法能够激发学生的主动性和创造性，从而促进学生在课堂上的积极参与。
其他选项虽然也是教学手段，但可能更侧重于知识的传授而非学生的主动参与。
A选项是演示语法结构，B选项是分发练习题，D 选项是朗读教科书，这些方法虽然有助于知识的传递，但不如C选项那样能够激发学生的主动参与。
2、In the context of a primary school English lesson, which of the following techniques is most effective for assessing students’ understanding of a new vocabulary word?A. Asking students to define the word in their own wordsB. Asking students to complete a sentence with the new vocabulary wordC. Asking students to translate the word into their native languageD. Asking students to write a paragraph using the new vocabulary word答案：B解析：在小学英语课堂中，选项B最有利于评估学生对新单词的理解。
初级中学英语教师资格考试学科知识与教学能力试题及解答参考(2025年)
2025年教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及解答参考一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、In the following sentence, which option should fill in the blank to make it grammatically correct and meaningful: “She___an important document to the meeting.”A. bringB. broughtC. bringsD. has broughtAnswer: B. brought解析: 该句中需要的是过去时态，因此选择B. brought。
2、Which of the following is NOT a part of the 5C framework in English teaching?A. CommunicationB. CultureC. CooperationD. ContinuationAnswer: D. Continuation解析: 5C框架包括Communication（交流）、Culture（文化）、Cognition（认知）、Comprehension（理解）和Cohesion（连贯性），而Continuation并不是5C框架的一部分。
3、The present perfect tense is best used to describe an action that:A) Happens frequentlyB) Has just occurred or recently happenedC) Will occur in the futureD) Is in the process of happeningAnswer: B解析：Present perfect tense (has/have + past participle)通常用于描述一个刚发生或最近发生的动作，它强调的是动作的完成及其对现在的影响。
2024年教师资格(中学)-英语学科知识与教学能力(初中)考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2024年教师资格（中学）-英语学科知识与教学能力（初中）考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共100题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) Language is a tool of communication. The symbol “Highway Closed” on a highway serves→ ←.A. an expressive functionB. an informative functionC. a performative functionD. a persuasive function2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I’ve loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother.“But the desk.” she’d said again, “It's for Elizabeth.”I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional”. But she lived on the surface”.As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family.I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.I posted the letter and waited for her answer.None came.My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace—it seemed that nothing happene I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to mother.I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased thatwriting was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside—a photo of my father and a one—page letter, folded and refolded many times.Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always choose the actthat speaks louder than words. The underlined word “gulf” in the passage means→ ←.A. deep understanding between the old and the youngB. different ideas between the mother and the daughterC. free talks between mother and daughterD. part of the sea going far in land3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) 40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of. But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke-Mandeville, Englandin 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been askedby the British government to set up an injuries center at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings, things have developed fast Teams now come from abroadto Stoke Mandeville every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games. Now, every four years the Olympic Gamesfor the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, althoughthey are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville. In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics.The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can’t enjoy sport. One small sourceof disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded. The first games for the disabled were held→ ←after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.A. 40 yearsB. 21 yearsC. 10 yearsD. 9 years4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I’ve loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough tosee above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking atthe ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother.“But the desk.” she’d said again, “It's for Elizabeth.”I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. Butas a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional”. But she livedon the surface”.As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family.Iwrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.I posted the letter and waited for her answer.None came.My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace—it seemed that nothing happene I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to mother.I only knew thatI had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside—a photo of my father and a one—page letter, folded and refolded many times.Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always choose the act that speaks louder than words. The passage shows that→ ←.A. mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughterB. mother was too serious about everything her daughter had doneC. mother eared much about her daughter in wordsD. mother wrote to her daughter in careful words5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) In which of the following situations is the teacher playing the role of observer?→ ←A. Giving feedback and dealing with errors.B. Organizing students to do activities by giving instructions.C. Walking around to see how each student performs in group work.D. Offering help to those who need it both in ideas and language.6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) One evening, while Marcos Ugarte was doing his homework and his father, Eduardo, prepared lesson plans, they heard someone yelling outside. Eduardo, 47, and Marcos, 15, stepped onto the porch of their home in Troutdale, Oregon, and saw a commotion four doors d own, outside the home of their neighbors, the Ma family. “I didn’t think anything was wrong.” Eduardo recalls. “I told Marcos we should give them some privacy.” He headed back inside, but Marcos’s eye was caught by a glow from the Ma house."Dad, the house is on fire!” Marcos cried.Clad only in shorts, the barefoot teen sprinted toward the Ma’s home with his dad. Grandmother Yim Ma, mother Suzanne Ma, and son Nathan Ma were gathered on the front lawn yelling for help. When the Ugartes got there，they saw father Alex Ma stumbling down the stairs, coughing, his face black with soot."Is anyone else in the house?” Eduardo asked."My son!” Alex managed to say, pointing to the second floor Eduardo started up the stairs, but thick, black smoke, swirling ash, and intense heat forced him to his knees. He crawled upstairs and down the hall where Alex said he would find Cody, eight, who had locked himselfin a bedroom.As the fire raged across the hall, Eduardo banged on the bedroom door and tried to turn the doorknob. Cody didn’t respond Eduardo made his way back downstairs.Meanwhile, Marcos saw Yim and Suzanne pulling an aluminum ladder out of the garage. “Cody was standing at the window, screaming for help,"says Marcos, "I knew I had to do something.” He grabbed the ladder, positioned it near the window, and climbed toward the boy.When Marcos reached the window, he pushed the screen into the room and coaxed Cody out. “It’s OK.” Marcos told him. “I‘ve got you.”Holding Cody with one arm. Marcos descended the ladder.When firefighters arrived, plumes of black smoke were billowing from the back of the house as flames engulfed the second floor. Emergency personnel took Cody to a nearby hospital,where he was treated for smoke inhalation and released. No one else was injured. The causeof the blaze is still under investigation."You just don’t see a teenager have that kind of→ composure←," says Mark Maunder, GreshamFire Department battalion chief.The Ma family relocated. The day after the fire, Alex visited Marcos. “Than k you for savingmy son.” Alex said. “You are his hero forever.”What does the underlined word “composure” in the last but one PARAGRAPH mean?→ ←.A. sympathyB. braveryC. calmnessD. warm-heartedness7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute and relative sense: the surface of the Earth is finite, imposing absolute scarcity; but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of resources in different uses. Materials used for one purpose cannot at the same time be used for other purposes, if the quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing process must cause it to become less available for other uses.The cost of a product in terms of money may not measure its true cost to society. The truecost of, say, the construction of a supersonic jet is the value of the schools and refrigerators that will never be built as a result. Every act of production uses up someof society's available resources; it means the foregoing of an opportunity to produce something else. In deciding how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the wants ofthe community, this opportunity cost must ultimately be taken into account.In a market economy the price of a good and the quantity supplied depend on the cost of makingit, and that cost, ultimately, is the cost of not making other goods. The market mechanism enforces this relationship. The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather,the labor, the fuel, and other elements used up in producing them. But the price of thesein- puts, in turn, depends on what they can produce elsewhere-if the leather can be usedto produce handbags that are valued highly by consumers, the prices of leather will be bidup correspondingly. W hat does this passage mainly discuss?→ ←A. The scarcity of manufactured goods.B. The value of scarce materials.C. The manufacturing of scarce goods.D. The cost of producing shoes.8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Writing exercises like copying, fill-in, completions and transformation are mainly the type of exercises used in→ ←.A. controlled writingB. guided writingC. flee writingD. expressive writing9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following consonants doesn't fall under the same category according to the voicing?________A. [m]B. [b]C. [d]D. [p]10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is most suitable for the cultivation of linguistic competence?→ ←A. sentence-makingB. cue-card dialogueC. simulated dialogueD. learning syntax11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sets of phonetic features characterizes the English phoneme [u:]?→ ←A. [high, back, rounded]B. [high, back, unfounded]C. [low, back, rounded]D. [low, front unfounded]12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) 40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of. But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke-Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries center at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings, things have developed fast Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games. Now, every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville. In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics.The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can’t enjoy sport. One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded. Besides Stoke Mandeville, surely the games for the disabled were once held in→ ←.A. New YorkB. LondonC. RomeD. Los Angeles13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —I’m going to study engineering in Peking University tomorrow.—→ ←.A. All the best in your studyB. All the best with your studyC. All the best in your businessD. All the best in your new job14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The doctor→ ←a medicine for my headache.A. subscribedB. describedC. prescribedD. inscribed15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When a lady customer intends to buy a coat with white stripes,what is she supposed to place an emphasis on if she says to the shop assistant?________A. I'd like a Red coat with .white stripesB. I'd Like a red coat with white stripes.C. I'd like a red coat with White StripesD. I'd like a red Coat with white stripes16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) What purpose does NOT post-listening activities serve?→ ←A. Helping students relate the text with their personal experience.B. Offering students the opportunities of extending other language skills.C. Practicing students’ ability of matching the pre-listing predictions with contents ofthe text.D. Give the answer directly to students and not to explain.17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities can be adopted at thepre-reading stage?→ ←.A. rearranging the materialsB. brainstorming the topicC. writing a summary of the textD. draft framework18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativityhas remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bringforth new forces and forms that cause change to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.Landscape(风景)is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists.In the 1970s, Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of thesame scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of lonelinessand the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings,there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highwayin the hack: ground. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photographyto help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw realityin brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and theCro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests.To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Manyand different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. Which of the following is the ma in topic of the passage?→ ←A. History of the arts.B. Basic questions of the arts.C. New developments in the arts.D. Use of modem technology in the arts.19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) By the end of last year, nearly a million cars→ ←in that auto factory.A. had producedB. had been producedC. would be producedD. were produced20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) → ←the temperature might drop, coal was prepared for warming.A. To considerB. ConsideredC. ConsideringD. To be considered21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) → ←a moment and I will go to your rescue.A. Go onB. Hold onC. Move toD. Carry on22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The study of language development over a period of time is generally called→ ←linguistics.A. appliedB. synchronicC. comparativeD. diachronic23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?→ ←A. Seeing is believing.B. Where there is smoke, there is fire.C. Where there is life, there is hope.D. Where there is a way, there is a will.24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following statements is NOT a way of presenting new vocabulary?_A. Defining.B. Using real objects.C. Writing a passage by using new words.D. Giving explanations.25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. "Come on!" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. "You'll feel great."Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army. I’m not alone in my opinion.First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet a real pounding(追击)ruining down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I readabout a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about Jogging doesn't kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts." Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn't just the first week, it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?I don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to stay in shape. What was the writer's attitude towards jogging in the beginning?→ ←A. He felt it was worth a try.B. He was very fond of it.C. He was strongly against it.D. He thought it must be painful.26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If a teacher attempts to implement the top-down model to teach listening, he is likely to present_____.A. new words after playing the tapeB. new words before playing the tapeC. background information after playing the tapeD. background information before playing the tape27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurts and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly. Pruning should b e done to→ ←.A. make the tree grow tallerB. improve the shape of the treeC. get rid of the small branchesD. make the small branches thicker28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following statements about Audio-lingual Methodis wrong?→ ←A. The method involves giving the learner stimuli in the form of prompts.B. The method involves praising the correct response or publishing incorrect response untilthe right one is given.C. Mother tongue is accepted in the classroom just 8s the target language.D. Emphasis is laid upon using oral language in the classroom; some reading and writing mightbe done as homework.29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I’ve loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough tosee above the top of it as mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking atthe ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.Years later, during her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother.“But the desk.” she’d said again, “It's for Elizabeth.”I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. Butas a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.They never happened. And a gulf o pened between us. I was “too emotional”. But she livedon the surface”.As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family.Iwrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that shedid forgive me.I posted the letter and waited for her answer.None came.My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace—it seemed that nothing happene I couldn’t be sure that the letter had even got to mother.I only knew thatI had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.Now the present of her desk told, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside—aphoto of my father and a one—page letter, folded and refolded many times.Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always choose the actthat speaks louder than words. What did mother do with her daughter's letter asking forgiveness?A. She had never received the letter.B. For years, she often talked about the letter.C. She didn't forgive her daughter at all in all her life.D. She read the letter again and again till she die.30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It was not→ ←she took off her dark glasses→ ←I realized she was a famous actress.A. when; thatB. until; thatC. until; whenD. when; then31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments-mostly for entertainment purposes is fair and respectful?Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain "collections" of interesting "things" rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored， lonely, and far from their natural homes.Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species， but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species name, diet, and natural range. The animals normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A world-wide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Havent we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by→←.A. pointing out the faults in what zoos doB. using evidence he has collected at zoosC. questioning the way animals are protectedD. discussing the advantages of natural habitats32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When Thomas Butler stepped off a plane in April 2002 on his return to the United States from a trip to Tanzania, he set in motion a chain of events that now threatens to destroy his life. A microbiologist at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Butler was bringing back samples of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis for his research. Yet on re-entering the country, he is alleged to have passed right by US customs inspectors without notifying them that he was carrying this potentially deadly cargo. That move and its consequences have led the federal government to prosecute Butler for a range of offences. If convicted on all counts, he could be fined millions of dollars and spend the rest of his life in jail.The US scientific community has leapt to butlers defense, arguing that his prosecution is over- zealous, alarming and unnecessary. The presidents of the National Academy of Sciences。
2024年教师资格考试初中学科知识与教学能力英语试题及答案指导
2024年教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力自测试题及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、In a conversation, which of the following expressions is most appropriate for showing empathy towards a student who is upset about a missed exam?A. “You should have studied harder.”B. “I can see you’re upset. Would you like to talk about it?”C. “It’s just an exam, don’t worry about it.”D. “You always miss exams, don’t you?”答案：B解析：选项B表达了对学生的同理心，询问学生是否愿意谈谈他们的感受，这有助于建立师生之间的信任和良好的沟通。
2、When designing a lesson plan for a junior high school English class, which of the following activities is most likely to promote critical thinking skills?A. A vocabulary matching exercise.B. A grammar worksheet.C. A group discussion on a social issue.D. A reading comprehension quiz.答案：C解析：选项C中的小组讨论能够鼓励学生就社会问题表达自己的观点，这有助于培养学生的批判性思维技能，而不仅仅是记忆或重复信息。
3、Which of the following is NOT a component of communicative language teaching (CLT)?A) Focus on accuracyB) Emphasis on fluencyC) Task-based learning activitiesD) Grammar translation methodAnswer: D) Grammar translation methodExplanation: The Grammar Translation Method focuses on the written language and the acquisition of grammatical rules rather than communication. This approach does not align with the principles of Communicative Language Teaching, which emphasizes the use of authentic language and real-life communication tasks.4、In the context of teaching vocabulary, which activity would best promote long-term retention and active use of new words?A) Reading the words from a listB) Writing the words ten times eachC) Using the words in sentences or dialoguesD) Listening to the words in a recordingAnswer: C) Using the words in sentences or dialoguesExplanation: Constructing sentences or dialogues using new vocabulary helps students to contextualize the words, understand their usage, and promotes deeperprocessing, which aids in retention and active recall. Simply reading, writing, or listening to words without context does not engage the same level of cognitive processing required for meaningful learning.5、The sentence “The book is easy to read but hard to understand” primarily focuses on which aspect of the book?A)GrammarB)VocabularyC)ComprehensionD)PlotAnswer: C) ComprehensionExplanation: The sentence compares the ease of reading the book with the difficulty of understanding its content, indicating a focus on comprehension rather than grammar, vocabulary, or plot.6、Which of the following sentence structures is typically used to presenta contrast between two ideas?A)Subordinate clauseB)Coordinated clauseC)Relative clauseD)Complex sentenceAnswer: B) Coordinated clauseExplanation: A coordinated clause, also known as a compound sentence, is used to present a contrast between two ideas by joining them with a conjunction like “but,” “however,” or “while.” Subordinate, relative, and complexsentences are used for different purposes and do not typically convey contrast as effectively.7、Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method to assess students’ speaking skills?A) Peer assessment wh ere students evaluate each other’s presentations.B) Self-assessment where students reflect on their own speaking performance.C) Testing vocabulary recall through multiple-choice questions.D) Oral interviews or discussions led by the teacher.Answer: C) Testing vocabulary recall through multiple-choice questions. Explanation: Assessing speaking skills should involve verbal interaction and the demonstration of fluency, pronunciation, intonation, and the ability to communicate effectively. Multiple-choice questions primarily test recognition of correct answers rather than the active use of language in speaking.8、In teaching reading comprehension, what technique encourages students to make predictions about the text before reading it?A) SummarizationB) SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review)C) Jigsaw readingD) Cloze testAnswer: B) SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review)Explanation: The SQ3R method includes a step called ‘Question’ where students generate questions about the headings and predict what the content will be about,promoting active engagement with the text prior to reading it thoroughly. This technique helps improve comprehension and retention of the material.9、The sentence “The book on the table is written by a famous author.” can be best classified as which type of sentence structure?A)SimpleB)CompoundC)ComplexD)Compound-complexAnswer: C) ComplexExplanation: A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. In this sentence, “The book on the table is written by a famous author” is the independent clause, and there are no dependent clauses, making it a complex sentence.10、In the following dialogue, which word is used as a conjunction to connect the clauses?A)“and” - Alice: “I think it will rain today.” Bob: “Let’s take an umbrella.”B)“but” - Alice: “I think it will rain today.” Bob: “But I don’t have one.”C)“because” - Alice: “I think it will rain today.” Bob: “Because I saw dark clouds.”D)“or” - Alice: “I think it will rain today.” Bob: “Or it might be sunny.”Answer: B) “but”Explanation: The word “but” is used as a conjunction to connect two independent clauses that express contrasting ideas. In the given dialogue, Bob’s response introduces a contrast to Alice’s statement about rain, making“but” the corr ect conjunction.11、Which of the following sentences correctly uses the subjunctive mood?A)If I was you, I would accept the offer.B)If she were me, she would not go.C)If he was taller, he could reach the top shelf.D)If they was coming, they would have called.Answer: BExplanation: The correct use of the subjunctive mood is demonstrated in option B, where “were” is used instead of “was” to express a hypothetical situation. Options A, C, and D all use the indicative mood (“was” or “were”) which is incorrect for a hypothetical condition about the present or future.12、Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject in the following sentence:“The committee________on the decision at their meeting tomorrow.”A)was decidingB)were decidingC)is decidingD)are decidingAnswer: CExplanation: The subject “committee” is treated as singular when it refers to the group as a whole, thus the singular verb form “is deciding” is correct. If the sentence were to focus on the members individually, then a plural verb might be appropriate, but in this context, option C is the correct choice.13.The sentence “The more books you read, the more knowledge you will gain.” demonstrates which of the following grammatical structures?A. ConditionalB. ComparativeC. AdverbialD. Present perfectAnswer: B. ComparativeExplanation: The given sentence uses a comparative structure to show a relationship between two comparable amounts of reading and knowledge gained. “The more…the more…” is a classic example of a comparative constructio n.14.In the following dialogue, which word is used as a conjunction to introduce a reason or explanation?A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. OtherwiseD. BecauseAnswer: D. BecauseExplanation: In the given dialogue, “because” is used as a conjunction to introduc e a reason or explanation for a statement. For example, “He was late because he got stuck in traffic.”15、Which of the following is NOT a component of communicative language teaching (CLT)?A)Focus on accuracyB)Emphasis on using the language for communicationC)Incorporation of all skills—speaking, listening, reading, writingD)Strict adherence to grammar translation methodAnswer: D) Strict adherence to grammar translation methodExplanation: Communicative Language Teaching emphasizes the use of the target language for real communication over the rote learning of grammatical rules. It focuses on accuracy in usage but prioritizes fluency and the ability to convey meaning effectively. Therefore, strict adherence to the Grammar Translation Method, which focuses heavily on translating texts and learning grammatical rules, is not a component of CLT.16、Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject in the following sent ence: “Every boy and every girl as well as every teacher and every student____asked to contribute.”A)areB)hasC)haveD)isAnswer: D) isExplanation: The verb in this sentence should agree with the singular subject closest to it, which is “student”. Despite the c ompound subjects introduced by “and”, the singular “student” at the end of the list requires a singular verb form. Thus, “is” is the correct choice. The construction“Every… as well as every…” does not affect the singularity or plurality of the verb; the verb should agree with the first subject mentioned, which is “boy”. However, due to the structure of the sentence, “student” is considered the nearest subject to the verb.17.The following sentence is written in passive voice. Which word in the sentence is the passive form of “do”?A. The book is written by a famous author.B. The famous author writes the book.C. The book was written by the famous author.D. The famous author was writing the book.Answer: CExplanation: The sentence in option C, “The book w as written by the famous author,” is in the passive voice. The passive form of “do” is “was done” in this context, which is represented by “was written” in the sentence.18.In the sentence “The students are happily participating in the school sports day,” which part of speech is “happily”?A. AdverbB. NounC. VerbD. AdjectiveAnswer: AExplanation: “Happily” is an adverb in the sentence. Adverbs modify verbs,adjectives, or other adverbs, providing additional information about the action, feeling, or state being described. In this case, “happily” modifies the verb “participating.”19.The sentence “The book is so interesting that I couldn’t put it down.” is an example of:A. a simileB. a metaphorC. an oxymoronD. a personificationAnswer: B. a metaphorExplanation: A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. In this sentence, “so interesting” is metaphorically describing the book, implying that the book is as captivating as something interesting.20.Which of the following is an effective teaching strategy for encouraging student participation in a group discussion?A. Providing detailed answers to all the questions before the discussionB. Limiting the number of students allowed to speakC. Assigning each student a specific topic to research and presentD. Preventing any interruptions or comments during the discussionAnswer: C. Assigning each student a specific topic to research and present Explanation: Assigning each student a specific topic to research and presentis an effective strategy for encouraging student participation because it ensures that all students have a role and responsibility in the group discussion. It also promotes accountability and helps to structure the conversation.21.Which of the following sentence structure is most suitable for introducing a new topic in a初中英语 lesson?A. Simple present tenseB. Present perfect tenseC. Future perfect tenseD. Past continuous tenseAnswer: A. Simple present tenseExplanation: The simple present tense is commonly used to introduce a new topic or a general statement of fact. It is a stable and factual way to starta new lesson in a classroom setting.22.In a lesson on “Weather”, which of the following activities is most effective for developing students’ vocabulary and speaking skills?A. Reading a weather forecast from a textbookB. Writing a weather report using complex sentence structuresC. Role-playing different weather scenarios with peersD. Listening to a recorded weather forecast and answering multiple-choice questionsAnswer: C. Role-playing different weather scenarios with peersExplanation: Role-playing is an interactive and engaging activity thathelps students practice and expand their vocabulary and speaking skills. It also allows them to apply the target language in a real-life context, which is more effective than passive reading or listening.23、What is the main purpose of using a storybook in English language teaching at the junior high level?A)To introduce new vocabulary.B)To practice grammar structures.C)To develop reading comprehension skills.D)To encourage creative writing.答案：C解析：The main purpose of using a storybook at the junior high level is to develop reading comprehension skills. While storybooks can introduce new vocabulary and sometimes provide opportunities to practice grammar, the primary focus is on enhancing reading abilities and comprehension.24、Which of the following teaching strategies is most effective for engaging students in group discussions about a recent English literature text?A)Direct instruction.B)Guided discovery.C)Jigsaw.D)Collaborative learning.答案：C解析：The Jigsaw teaching strategy is most effective for engaging students in group discussions about a recent English literature text. In this strategy,students are divided into smaller groups, each studying a different part of the text. They then come together in new groups to share their knowledge and discuss the text, promoting active participation and deeper understanding.25.The teacher is demonstrating a new grammar structure to the students. Which of the following activities would be most suitable for practicing this structure in a communicative approach?A)Fill in the blanks with the correct tense form of the verb.B)Role-playing a dialogue using the new structure.C)Matching sentences with correct grammar.D)Writing a short essay on a topic related to the grammar.Answer: B) Role-playing a dialogue using the new structure.解析：In a communicative approach to language learning, activities that encourage students to use the language in real-life contexts are preferred. Role-playing a dialogue using the new grammar structure allows students to practice the structure in a conversational setting, which is more authentic and beneficial for language acquisition than the other options, which are more focused on written or fill-in-the-blanks exercises.26.What is the primary goal of formative assessment in the classroom?A)To evaluate student performance on standardized tests.B)To provide feedback to students on their progress.C)To ensure that all students meet the same learning objectives.D)To create a competitive environment among students.Answer: B) To provide feedback to students on their progress.解析：Formative assessment is designed to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that helps teachers adjust their instruction to meet student needs. It is not meant to be summative or to compare students against each other. Therefore, the primary goal of formative assessment is to provide feedback to students on their progress, allowing them to understand their strengths and areas for improvement.27.What is the main purpose of using vocabulary teaching techniques in English language classroom?A. To test students’ grammar knowledge.B. To introduce new vocabulary items.C. To enhance students’ reading skills.D. To improve students’ pronunciation.Answer: BExplanation: The main purpose of using vocabulary teaching techniques in English language classroom is to introduce new vocabulary items effectively and help students acquire and use them appropriately.28.In a lesson on “My Hometown,” which of the following activities would be most suitable for practicing past tense?A. Listening to a story about the present.B. Reading a poem about the future.C. Writing a short essay about past events in the students’ hometown.D. Discussing the weather forecast for the next day.Answer: CExplanation: Writing a short essay about past events in the students’ hometown would be most suitable for practicing past tense. This activity encourages students to use past tense verbs to describe events that have already occurred.29.The teacher in the video was using a “Think-Pair-Share” strategy. Which of the following statements best describes this strategy?A. Students work individually, then share their answers with the whole class.B. Students work in pairs, discuss their thoughts, and then present their ideas to the class.C. Students are asked to think silently, then discuss their thoughts with a partner, and finally share their ideas with the whole class.D. Students are given a question and must find the answer by working with a partner.Answer: CExplanation: The “Think-Pair-Share” strategy involves students thinki ng individually about a question, then discussing their thoughts with a partner, and finally sharing their ideas with the whole class. This encourages collaborative learning and ensures that all students have an opportunity toparticipate in the discussion.30.Which of the following activities would be most suitable for teaching the present perfect tense in a初中 English class?A. Role-playing a conversation between two friends discussing their recent experiences.B. Listening to a recorded story and identifying the present perfect tense verbs used by the characters.C. Completing a gap-fill exercise using only present perfect tense verbs.D. Reading a passage and answering comprehension questions about the present perfect tense.Answer: AExplanation: Role-playing a conversation between two friends discussing their recent experiences is an effective way to teach the present perfect tense because it provides a real-life context for using the tense. It allows students to practice the grammar structure in a conversational setting, which can help them better understand and retain the concept.二、简答题（20分）Question:In a junior high school English class, how can a teacher effectively incorporate technology to enhance students’ learning experience?Answer:1.Utilize interactive whiteboards to engage students in interactive lessons.2.Introduce educational apps and online platforms for vocabulary building and grammar practice.3.Incorporate multimedia resources such as videos, audio clips, and images to support content delivery.4.Create online discussion forums to encourage student collaboration and reflection.e educational games and simulations to make learning more engaging and interactive.6.Implement flipped classroom techniques by providing video lectures or readings for students to watch or read before class, allowing class time to focus on discussions and activities.7.Offer online resources for students to access at home, promoting independent learning.8.Encourage students to create digital portfolios to showcase their work and reflect on their progress.9.Regularly assess students’ understanding of the material through quizzes and interactive quizzes on platforms like Kahoot or Quizizz.e social media platforms for communication with students and parents, providing updates on assignments and progress.Explanation:The question asks for ways to effectively incorporate technology in a juniorhigh school English class. The answer provides a list of strategies that teachers can use to enhance the learning experience. These strategies include using interactive whiteboards, educational apps, multimedia resources, online discussion forums, educational games, flipped classroom techniques, online resources, digital portfolios, quizzes, and social media for communication. These methods cater to different learning styles, encourage student engagement, and promote independent learning.三、教学情境分析题（30分）Question:As a teacher of English in a junior high school, you are assigned to teach a lesson about “Festivals in Different Countries” to your Year 8 students. The class consists of 25 students with varying English proficiency levels. The school has provided you with a PowerPoint presentation, a worksheet, and some handouts about various festivals from different countries. Your students are generally engaged and interested in learning about different cultures.Please analyze the teaching situation and provide a detailed lesson plan that includes the following elements:1.Objectives2.Introduction3.Main Activity4.AssessmentAnswer:1.Objectives:•By the end of the lesson, students will be able to describe different festivals from various countries.•Students will be able to discuss the significance of these festivals and share information about their own cultural traditions.•Students will enhance their listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in English through various activities.2.Introduction:•Start the lesson by showing a short video clip about different festivals around the world to capture the students’ interest.•Briefly introduce the topic, emphasizing the importance of understanding and appreciating diverse cultures.3.Main Activity:a.Group Discussion:•Divide the class into groups of 5 students.•Provide each group with a handout about a festival from a different country(e.g., Diwali, Chinese New Year, Halloween).•Ask each group to research their assigned festival, focusing on the following aspects:•Date of celebration•Significance of the festival•Traditional activities•Cultural background•Give the groups 10 minutes to discuss and gather information.•Each group will present their findings to the class.b.Interactive PowerPoint:•Use the PowerPoint presentation to showcase the festivals discussed by each group.•Encourage students to ask questions and participate in a class discussion about the festivals.c.Worksheet:•Hand out the worksheet with activities related to the festivals, such as matching, true/false, and fill in the blanks.•Students will work on the worksheet individually or in pairs to reinforce their understanding of the material.d.Creative Writing:•Assign students to write a short essay about their favorite festival, explaining why it is significant to them.•Encourage students to use descriptive language and proper grammar to convey their thoughts.4.Assessment:•Evaluate the students’ participation in group discussions and presentations.•Assess the completion and accuracy of the worksheet and the creative writing assignment.•Observe the students’ ability to use proper grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation in their discussions and essays.Explanation:This lesson plan aims to provide a comprehensive approach to teaching the topic of “Festivals in Different Countries” to junior high school students. By incorporating various activities, such as group discussions, interactive presentations, and creative writing, the students will have the opportunity to enhance their language skills while learning about different cultures. The lesson plan ensures that students of varying proficiency levels are engaged and have the opportunity to participate actively in the learning process.四、教学设计题（40分）Teaching Design QuestionQuestion:Design a lesson plan for a 45-minute English class for Grade 8 students. The topic is “Festivals in Different Cultures”. The lesson should focus on developing students’ speaking and listenin g skills. The class will be conducted in a mixed-ability group of 30 students. You are expected to include the following elements in your lesson plan:1.Introduction2.Vocabulary Building3.Reading Comprehension4.Speaking and Listening Activities5.ConclusionAnswer:Lesson Plan:1.Introduction (5 minutes)•Greet the students and introduce the topic: “Festivals in Different Cultures”.•Ask the students to share their knowledge about festivals they celebrate with their families.•Discuss the importance of festivals in different cultures.2.Vocabulary Building (10 minutes)•Present new vocabulary related to festivals (e.g., celebration, tradition, decoration, etc.).•Use flashcards to display the vocabulary and ask students to match the words with their meanings.•Conduct a vocabulary game, such as “Simon Says,” to reinforce the new words.3.Reading Comprehension (10 minutes)•Provide a reading passage about festivals in different cultures (e.g., Diwali, Christmas, and Chinese New Year).•Ask the students to read the passage silently and then answer comprehension questions.•Discuss the key points of the passage with the class.4.Speaking and Listening Activities (15 minutes)•Divide the class into groups of four students.•Each group will be assigned a different festival to research (Diwali, Christmas, and Chinese New Year).•Students will work together to create a short presentation about their assigned festival, including information about the history, customs, and traditions.•After the presentations, have a class discussion where students ask questions and share their observations.•Conduct a “Gallery Walk” activity, where students move around the classroom and read each group’s presentation.5.Conclusion (5 minutes)•Summarize the main points of the lesson with the students.•Ask the students to reflect on what they have learned about festivals in different cultures.•Encourage them to explore other festivals and share their findings with the class in the next lesson.Explanation:This lesson plan focuses on developing students’ speaking and listening skills through a variety of activities. The introduction engages the students by asking them to share their own experiences with festivals, while the vocabulary building and reading comprehension sections help them expand their knowledge of different festivals. The speaking and listening activitiesencourage collaboration and allow students to showcase their research and presentation skills. The conclusion reinforces the main points of the lesson and encourages further exploration of the topic.。
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力试题及解答参考(2024年)
2024年教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力模拟试题及解答参考一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、The teacher’s primary responsibility in a primary school is to:A)Teach students to play musical instruments.B)Administer standardized tests regularly.C)Foster a positive learning environment.D)Coordinate school sports activities.答案：C解析：选项C正确，因为在小学阶段，教师的首要责任是营造一个积极的学习环境，促进学生的全面发展。
选项A、B和D虽然也是教师职责的一部分，但不是在小学阶段的首要责任。
2、When designing a lesson plan for a junior high school English class, which of the following is NOT an essential component?A)Objectives and learning outcomes.B)Warm-up activities to engage students.C)Detailed lesson procedures with timing.D)Assessment methods for evaluating student progress.答案：B解析：选项B是不必要的组成部分。
虽然暖身活动（warm-up activities）有助于激发学生的兴趣，但在设计初中英语课程课时计划时，它们不是必需的。
其他选项A、C和D都是设计课时计划时必须考虑的要素：学习目标和成果、详细的课时流程和时间安排，以及评估学生学习进展的方法。
2023年教师资格(中学)-英语学科知识与教学能力(初中)考试备考题库附带答案1
2023年教师资格（中学）-英语学科知识与教学能力（初中）考试备考题库附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共50题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) —Wang Hong speaks English very well.—→ ←. She can talk with Americans freely.A. I hope soB. I hope notC. I thinkD. I don't think so正确答案：C,2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Sixteen years ago, Eileen Doyle's husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home-the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride andself-confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well plannedrather than impulsive. "It's typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people's pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty." Paul Brown regards leaving home in such circumstances as→ ←.A. an act of despairB. an act of selfishnessC. the result of a sudden decisionD. the result of the enormous sense of guilt正确答案：B,3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —How about→ ←in the river with us?—Sorry, I can't. My parents often tell me→ ←that.A. swim; don't doB. swim; to doC. swimming; not doD. swimming; not to do正确答案：D,4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.Landscape(风景)is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s, Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the hack: ground. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human bei ngs. The underlined word "poetry" most probably means→ ←.A. an object for artistic creationB. a collection of poemsC. an unusual qualityD. a natural scene正确答案：C,5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneWe find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把...按含爸力分班)pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade. Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups, and this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop their leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work; it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal. The writer's purpose in writing this passage is to ______ .A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC. offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching正确答案：D,6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage TwoThere was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to .me. I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old，just several weeks or maybe a month before the orphanage (孤儿院)turned me into an old man.I would get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived inmy dormitory.After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned to the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the bushes scattered around the orphanage.I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after another, and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet.How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty. I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close.When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement (水泥) step and went inside to answer the phone. I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still movingabout so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing one of the pins to fall out. It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin. Finally its wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just trembled.I picked up the tom wing and the butterfly and I spat on its wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back. But it would not stay on him. According to the passage, the author's life in the orphanage was______ .A. dull and full of strict rulesB. simple and easyC. happy and full of hopeD. hard and busy正确答案：A,7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Around the world more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Now, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place 200 meters above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your feet. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping includes jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modem societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people’s lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in quite safe conditions: they buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping. The best title for the passage is→ ←.A. Dangerous Sports: What and WhyB. Boredom of Modem LifeC. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous?D. Need for Exerciser正确答案：A,8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following can be adopted at the pre-reading activity?→ ←A. rearranging the materialsB. brainstorming the topicC. writing a similar textD. giving summary and comment正确答案：B,9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is an entailment of the utterance “Annie broke the window”？( )A. Annie was carelessB. Annie was disruptiveC. Annie did something to the windowD. It is Annie who broke the window正确答案：D,10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Who among the following is a poet of free verse?→ ←A. Ralph Waldo EmersonB. Walt WhitmanC. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser正确答案：B,11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following questions can be used in the questionnaire for assessing participation?→ ←A. Did you get all the questions right in today’s class?B. Did you finish the task on time?C. Can you use the strategies we have learned today?D. What did you do in your group work today?正确答案：D,12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers.Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf. It stood outside a furniture shop. "Buy it," she said at once, "we’ll carry it home on the roof- rack(车顶架). I've always wanted one like that." What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tiedonto the roof rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too. As it was getting darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea. After a time my wife said, "There's a long line of cars behind, why don't they overtake(超车)?" Just at that timea police car did overtake, the two officers(警官)inside looked at us seriously when they went past. But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic, the police car stopped at our village church(教堂). One of the officers came to me. "Right，sir," he said. "Do you need any more help now?" I didn't quite understand. "Thanks, officer," I said. "You've been very kind. I live just down the road. " He was looking atour things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. "Well, well," he said and laughed."It's a bookshelf you've got there! We thought it was, or something else." My wife beganto laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. "Yes,it's a bookshelf, but thanks again. " I drove home as fast as I could. What made the writer think that carrying furniture was "a good idea”?→ ←A. He could drive slowly and it was safe.B. Other drivers would let him go first.C. His wife could use a new bookshelf.D. He could save a lot of money and time.正确答案：B,13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) →←is best known for the techniqueof dramatic monologue in his poems.A. Will BlakeB. W. B. YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth正确答案：C,14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following teacher' s instructions could serve purpose of eliciting ideas?A. Shall we move on?B. Read after me everyoneC. What can you see in this picture?D. What does the word “quickly” mean?正确答案：C,15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following correctly describes the word stress?→ ←A. Individual, inDividualism, IndividualiZationB. individual, individualism, IndividualiZationC. inDividual, indiviDualism, inDividualiZationD. individual, individualism, IndividuaLization正确答案：B,16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Just recently the trustees of Social Security and Medicare issued their annual reports on the programs futures. Heres one startling fact: By 2030the projected costs of Social Security and Medicare could easily consume via higher taxes-athird of workers future wage and salary increases. Were mortgaging workers future pay gainsfor baby boomers retirement benefits.This matters because Social Security and Medicare are pay-as-you-go programs. Current taxpayers pay current benefits. Future taxpayers will pay future benefits. Baby boomers retirement benefits will come mostly from their children and grandchildren, who will be tomorrow’s workers. Consequently, baby boomers children and grandchildren face massive tax increases. Social Security and Medicare spending now equals 14 percent of wage and salary income, reports Elizabeth Bell, a research assistant to Eugene Steuerle of the Urban Institute, Washington, D. C. By 2030, using the trustees various projections, that jumpsto 26 percent. Of course, payroll taxes dont cover all the costs of Social Security and Medicare. Still, these figures provide a crude indicator of the economic burden, because costs are imposed heavily on workers via some tax, government borrowing and cuts in other government programs.It can be argued that the costs are bearable. The wage gains in the trustees reports could prove too pessimistic. Like all forecasts, theyre subject to errors. Even if they come true,they assume that tomorrow’s wages will be higher than today’s. Productivity increases; wages rise. In 2030, under the trustees "intermediate" assumptions, workers before tax incomes would be about a third higher than now, says Tom Saving of Texas A&M University. Whats the complaint if workers lost through steeper taxes-some of that? Why shouldnt they generously support parents and grandparents? Well, maybe they will. But there are at least two possible flaws in this logic.The first is that, on a year-to-year basis, wage gains would be tiny-less than 1 percent. When theyve gotten that low before, people have complained that theyre "on a treadmill" and that the American dream has been withdrawn. Even these gains might be diluted by further tax increases to trim today’s already swollen budget deficits. Th e second and more serious threat is that higher taxes would harm the economy. They might dull economic vitality by reducing investment and the rewards for work and risk-taking. Productivity and wage gains might be smaller than predicted. Then we’d flirt wi th that death spiral: Wed need still higher taxes to pay benefits, but those taxes might depress economic growth more.One way or another, workers may get fed up with paying so much of their paychecks to support retirees, many of whom were living quite comfortably. So we ought to redefine the generational compact to lighten the burden of an aging population on workers. The needed steps are clear: to acknowledge longer life expectancies by slowly raising eligibility ages for Social Security and Medicare; to limit future spending by curbing retirement benefits for the better-off; to keep people in the productive economy longer by encouraging jobs that mix "work” and "retirement".It can be learnt from the trustees reports that→←.A. the costs of retirement programs are decreasingB. governments capacity to provide social security increasesC. future income will rise at a steady but low paceD. fewer workers will support more retirees in the future正确答案：C,17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If the right kind of extracurricular activities is organized, those children who have a(an)→ ←of energy will have a chance to develop their talents much more quickly.A. consumptionB. explorationC. exhaustionD. excess正确答案：D,18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. "Come on!" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. "You'll feel great."Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army. I’m not alone in my opinion.First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet a real pounding(追击)ruining down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about Jogging doesn't kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts." Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn't just the first week, it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?I don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to stay in shape. The underlined word “them” (Paragraph3) most probably refers to→ ←.A. heart attacksB. back problemsC. famous joggersD. physical weaknesses正确答案：D,19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) English learning strategies including resource strategies, communication strategies, regulation strategies and→ ←.A. cognitive strategiesB. time strategiesC. administrative strategiesD. interpersonal strategies正确答案：A,20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It is reported that some scientists in the United States have found a new→ ←for Cancer.A. wayB. answerC. approachD. cure正确答案：D,21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) A person needs to know who he / she is before being able to know what ( ) makes him or her happy.A. is it thatB. it is thatC. is it whichD. it is which正确答案：B,22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The dress in the window→ ←her eye when she passed it.A. attractedB. gotC. caughtD. met正确答案：A,23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) This is the first time I_____her sing, and I hope it is the last.A. hearB. had heardC. heardD. have heard正确答案：D,24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities does not belong topre-reading activities?→ ←A. scanningB. setting the sceneC. skimmingD. paraphrasing正确答案：D,25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) No country can→ ←China in astronomy these days.A. suitB. fitC. matchD. catch正确答案：C,26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Anyone not paying the registration fee by the end of this month will be→ ←to have withdrawn from the program,A. contemplatedB. deemedC. acknowledgedD. anticipated正确答案：B,27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Asking students to explain new words in a text with known wordsis NOT an act of_____.A. elicitationB. reinforcementC. managementD. production正确答案：B,28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) He has been studying here for three years, by next summer he→ ←.A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. will be graduatedD. will be graduating正确答案：B,29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —What would you say to the hotel receptionist to get a double room?—→ ←.A. Rent us a double roomB. Book us a double roomC. WeM like to have a double roomD. Let’s have a double room正确答案：C,30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) James didn't attend the meeting and→ ←.A. so did JaneB. neither did JaneC. Jane didn't tooD. Jane did too正确答案：B,31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers.Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf. It stood outside a furniture shop. "Buy it," she said at once, "we’ll carry it home on the roof- rack(车顶架). I've always wanted one like that." What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tiedonto the roof rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too. As it was getting darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea. After a time my wife said, "There's a long line of cars behind, why don't they overtake(超车)?" Just at that timea police car did overtake, the two officers(警官)inside looked at us seriously when theywent past. But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic, the police car stopped at our village church(教堂). One of the officers came to me. "Right，sir," he said. "Do you need any more help now?" I didn't quite understand. "Thanks, officer," I said. "You've been very kind. I live just down the road. " He was looking atour things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. "Well, well," he said and laughed."It's a bookshelf you've got there! We thought it was, or something else." My wife beganto laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. "Yes,it's a bookshelf, but thanks again. " I drove home as fast as I could. From the story weknow that→ ←.A. the writer was poor and didn’t buy the bookshelf for his wifeB. the writer's wife did n’t like the bookshelf at allC. the writer was always glad to buy something for his wifeD. the writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife正确答案：D,32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives outof childre n’s→ ←.A. touchB. sightC. reachD. distance正确答案：C,33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Questioning plays an important role for the classroom teaching. Which of the following questions does not belong to comprehension questions?→ ←A. What is the main idea of this paragraph?B. Can you tell the difference between the two terms?C. Can you retell the text we have learned last week?D. Can you paraphrase the sentence in your own words?正确答案：C,34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip o f tongue?→ ←A. Seeing is believing.B. Where there is smoke, there is fire.C. Where there is life, there is hope.D. Where there is a way, there is a will.正确答案：D,35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Where is Love? How can we find Love?The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like "Paleolithic Man", "Neolithic Man", etc., neatly sum up the whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label "Legless Man". Histories of the time will go something like this. "In the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildingsto prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn't use their legs evenwhen they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski lifts and roads to the top of everyhuge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks."The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes.In our hurry to get from one place to another，we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird's eye view of the world-or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: "I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea". The typical twentieth century traveler is the man who always says, "I've been there. " You mention the remotest, most evocative place names in the world like E1 Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say, "I've been there meaning" I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else ".When you travel at high speed, the present means nothing; you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving is one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step be makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound satisfying sleep will be just the reward of all true travelers. Why does the author say "we are deprived of the use of our eyes"?→ ←.A. People won't use their eyes.B. In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C. People can't see anything on their way of travel.D. People want to sleep during traveling.正确答案：C,36.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When families gather for Christinas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to grandmas generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware and stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.Last week royal doulton, the largest employer in stoke on trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs-one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery(陶瓷)region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for royal doulton admitted that the company "has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend" toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.。
2023年教师资格(中学)-英语学科知识与教学能力(初中)考试备考题库附带答案6
2023年教师资格（中学）-英语学科知识与教学能力（初中）考试备考题库附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共50题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) —Lily, what are you going to do after you graduate?—I'm thinking of becoming a computer programmer.—→ ←—Well, my parents want me to be a doctor, but I don't want to do that.A. Do you know what I want to become?B. Why do you want to be a doctor?C. You said you would go to a medical school.D. Thanks for your advice.正确答案：C,2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The first city ever founded in Canada is→ ←.A. QuebecB. VancouverC. TorontoD. Montreal正确答案：A,3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) There is a→ ←of impatience in the tone of his voice.A. dotB. hintC. notion4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) There are two facto rs which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is bom with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is whathappens to the individual-the sort of environment in which he is brought up. if an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the ease history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level. This selection can best be titled→ ←.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence正确答案：B,5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mobile office is the mutual product of economic, scientific, and social progress. Mobile of rice has become a solution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform(MIP)and its applications systems. When you leave your office to attend meetings or travel on business, what would happen to your business routine? Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you can't read them and make prompt reaction timely. When your clients need you to make some urgent modifications on your work and you are neither in the office nor carrying relevant documents, what can you do? Maybe you have to say "sorry" to the clients. But, your business will be affected, the clients will be unhappy and disappointed because of your delay, and you will lose a lot of business opportunities.In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, display, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office "move" with you. Thus，you can have convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime. With the development of communications technology, network application, and wireless interconnection, mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one mobile phonesame time, it still has some unsatisfactory aspects such as mismatching equipment interface(接口，界面)and inadequate battery. Nevertheless, we believe that with technical progress, people can certainly overcome all kinds of difficulties. Mobile office will make your career unimpeded, and will realize the dream of completely free communication. Users will enjoymore colorful life and better working environment, and users' living standard, working efficiency, and even enterprises' production efficiency will certainly be immensely raised. Which of the following statement best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?→ ←.A. When you leave your office, you should not forget your business routine.B. You will lose a lot of business opportunities if you always delay your work.C. When you leave your office, your business routine would be harmed.D. When you can't meet the need of your clients, you should say "sorry".正确答案：C,6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Th e boy's foolish question→ ←his mother whowas busy with housework and had no interest in talking.A. intriguedB. fascinatedC. irritatedD. stimulated正确答案：C,7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolutionin office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were: only usedby large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capable of doing the work which usedto be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most smaller companies canuse them.The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or WPSas they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processorfor both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of routine work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interestingwork for the boss. From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made betteruse of and money can be saved by doing routine jobs automatically outside office hours.But is it all good? If a lot of routine secretarial work can be done automatically, surelythis will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units. The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed Safety screensto put over a YDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them. Whatever the arguments for or against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice. It is implied but NOT directly stated in the passage thatwith the use of word processors→ ←.A. some secretaries will lose their jobsbosses正确答案：A,8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The visitors had made so much ( ) that Ms Water had to spend several days to cleaning up afterwards.A. troubleB. disturbanceC. damageD. mess正确答案：D,9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is bom with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual——the sort of environment in which he is brought up. if an individual is handicappedenvironmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an indi vidual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the ease history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level. The case history of the twins appears to support th e conclusion that→ ←A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain正确答案：C,10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) You must→ ←the rubbish before you leave the office.A. dispose ofB. deal withC. cope withD. treat withphilosophy and theology, the study of religion. What gives unity to the whole Scholastic movement, the academic practice in Europe from the 9th to the 17th centuries, are the common aims, attitudes, and methods, generally accepted by all its members. The chief concern of the Scholastics was not to discover new facts but to integrate the knowledge already acquired separately by Greek reasoning and Christian revelation. This concern is one of the most characteristic differences between Scholasticism and modem thought since the Renaissance. The basic aim of the Scholastics determined certain common attitudes, the most important of which was their conviction of the fundamental harmony between reason and revelation. The Scholastics maintained that because the same God was the source of both types of knowledge and truth was one of his chief attributes, he could not contradict himself in these two ways of speaking. Any apparent opposition between revelation and reason could be traced either to an incorrect use of reason or to an inaccurate interpretation of the words of revelation. Because the Scholastics believed that revelation was the direct teaching of God, it possessed for them a higher degree of truth and certainty than did natural reason. In apparent conflicts between religious faith and philosophic reasoning, faith was thus always the supreme arbiter; the theologian’s decision overruled that of the philosopher. After the early 13th century, Scholastic thought emphasized more the independence of philosophy within its own domain. Nonetheless, throughout the Scholastic period, philosophy was called the servant of theology, not only because the truth of philosophy was subordinated to that of theology, but also because the theologian used philosophy to understand and explain revelation.This attitude of Scholasticism stands in sharp contrast to the so-called double-truth theory of the Spanish-Arab philosopher and physician Averroes. His theory assumed that truth was accsssible to both philosophy and Islamic theology but that only philosophy could attain it perfectly. The so-called truths of theology served, hence, as imperfect imaginative expressions for the common people of the authentic truth accessible only to philosophy. Averroes maintained that philosophic truth could even contradict, at least verbally，the teachings of Islamic theology.As a result of their belief in the harmony between faith and reason, the scholastics attempted to determine the precise scope and competence of each of these faculties. Many early Scholastics，such as the Italian ecclesiastic and philosopher Stanselm, did not clearly distinguish the two and were overconfident that reason could prove certain doctrines of revelation. Later, at the height of the mature period of Scholasticism, the Italian theologian and philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas worked out a balance between reason and revelation. Which of the following is most likely to be discussed in the part succeeding this text?→ ←A. Relations of Staquinast achievements to previous efforts.B. How Staquinas worked out in the balance in discussion.C. Other endeavors on the relationship of reason and revelation.D. Outstanding features of the mature period of Scholasticism.正确答案：C,12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?→ ←A. white coffeeB. a bill of fare13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The Financier is written by→ ←A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. William FaulknerD. Theodore Dreiser正确答案：D,14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The core concept of the New Curriculum is→ ←.A. promoting the professional teachers’ developmentB. letting the students choose the course independentlyC. advocating the constructivist learningD. for every students' development正确答案：D,15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When you are learning English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. When you read, you can not only learn some new words, but also you can learn how to use these English words. When you read, it gives you a good example for writing.Try to read at the right level(水平). Read something that you can (more or less) understand. If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary, it is not interesting.Try to increase the number of your new words. If there are four or five new words on a page, write them in your notebook. But you don't have to write them while you read. Instead, try to guess their meaning as you read: mark them with a pen. Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book. Then try to remember them.Try to read regularly. For example, read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday. Fix(固定)a time to read and keep to it. You could read for fifteen minutes when you go to bed, or when you get up or at lunchtime.Read what interests you. Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So, choose an interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China. For example, 21st Century Teens. It is easy enough for you to understand it. There is something interesting in it. Accor ding to the passage, how many reading tips does the writer give us?→ ←A. ThreeB. FourC. FiveD. Six正确答案：B,16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) It was with great joy______ he knew that his GMAT score as 670, high enough to apply to a top university of business.A. whenB. with17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities does not belong topre-reading activities?→ ←A. scanningB. setting the sceneC. skimmingD. paraphrasing正确答案：D,18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) One evening, while Marcos Ugarte was doing his homework and his father, Eduardo, prepared lesson plans, they heard someone yelling outside. Eduardo, 47, and Marcos, 15, stepped onto the porch of their home in Troutdale, Oregon, and saw a commotion four doors d own, outside the home of their neighbors, the Ma family. “I didn’t think anything was wrong.” Eduardo recalls. “I told Marcos we should give them some privacy.” He headed back inside, but Marcos’s eye was caught by a glow from the Ma house."Dad, the house is on fire!” Marcos cried.Clad only in shorts, the barefoot teen sprinted toward the Ma’s home with his dad. Grandmother Yim Ma, mother Suzanne Ma, and son Nathan Ma were gathered on the front lawn yelling for help. When the Ugartes got there，they saw father Alex Ma stumbling down the stairs, coughing, his face black with soot."Is anyone else in the house?” Eduardo asked."My son!” Alex managed to say, pointing to the second floor Eduardo started up the stairs, but thick, black smoke, swirling ash, and intense heat forced him to his knees. He crawled upstairs and down the hall where Alex said he would find Cody, eight, who had locked himselfin a bedroom.As the fire raged across the hall, Eduardo banged on the bedroom door and tried to turn the doorknob. Cody didn’t respond Eduardo made his way back downstairs.Meanwhile, Marcos saw Yim and Suzanne pulling an aluminum ladder out of the garage. “Cody was standing at the window, screaming for help,"says Marcos, "I knew I had to do something.” He grabbed the ladder, positioned it near the window, and climbed toward the boy.When Marcos reached the window, he pushed the screen into the room and coaxed Cody out. “It’s OK.” Marcos told him. “I‘ve got you.”Holding Cody with one arm. Marcos descended the ladder.When firefighters arrived, plumes of black smoke were billowing from the back of the house as flames engulfed the second floor. Emergency personnel took Cody to a nearby hospital, where he was treated for smoke inhalation and released. No one else was injured. The cause of the blaze is still under investigation."You just don’t see a teenager have that kind of →composure←," says Mark Maunder, Gresham Fire Department battalion chief.The Ma family relocated. The day after the fire, Alex visited Marcos. “Than k you for saving my son.” Alex said. “You are his hero forever.”How many people are there in the Ma family?→ ←A. fiveB. six19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?→ ←A. Seeing is believing.B. Where there is smoke, there is fire.C. Where there is life, there is hope.D. Where there is a way, there is a will.正确答案：D,20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) → ←a moment and I will go to your rescue.A. Go onB. Hold onC. Move toD. Carry on正确答案：B,21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is a slip of tongue?→ ←A. No cross, no crown.B. No pains, no gains.C. No sweat without sweet.D. No smoke without fire.正确答案：C,22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) You'd better go to bed. There isn't an ything on TV worth→ ←up for.A. gettingB. stayingC. risingD. waiting正确答案：B,23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Founded in 2003, the company specializes in canned fruits and vegetables and______food export business.A. quick-freezingB. quick-frozenC. quickly-freezingD. quickly-frozen正确答案：B,24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening. There werelittle old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. "Come on!" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. "You'll feel great."Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could.opinion.First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet a real pounding(追击)ruining down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about Jogging doesn't kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts." Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn't just the first week, it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?I don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to stay in shape. Why did the writer give up jogging two months later?→ ←A. He disliked doing exercise outside.B. He found it neither healthy nor interesting.C. He was afraid of having a heart attack.D. He was worried about being left alone.正确答案：B,25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities actually does not involve writing?→ ←.A. completion according to outlinesB. completion with multiple choicesC. completion according to topic sentencesD. completion with detailed examples related to the topic正确答案：B,26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) William Blake wrote all the following except→ ←.A. Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC. The Marriage of Heaven and HellD. The Tree of Liberty正确答案：D,27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments-mostly for entertainment purposes is fair and respectful?Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain "collections"Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species， but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species name, diet, and natural range. The animals normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A world-wide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Havent we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.How would the author describe the animals life in zoos?→←A. Dangerous.B. Unhappy.C. Natural.D. Easy.正确答案：B,28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Dr. Smith, together with his wife and two sons,→←to arrive on the evening flight.A. areB. are goingC. willD. is going正确答案：D,29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) What vocabulary learning strategy does the following activity help to train? The teacher created a situation and asked students to think of words and expressions that can be used in that situation.→ ←A. Association正确答案：D,30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When Thomas Butler stepped off a plane in April 2002 on his return to the United States from a trip to Tanzania, he set in motion a chain of events that now threatens to destroy his life. A microbiologist at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Butler was bringing back samples of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis for his research. Yet on re-entering the country, he is alleged to have passed right by US customs inspectors without notifying them that he was carrying this potentially deadly cargo. That move and its consequences have led the federal government to prosecute Butler for a range of offences. If convicted on all counts, he could be fined millions of dollars and spend the rest of his life in jail.The US scientific community has leapt to butlers defense, arguing that his prosecution is over- zealous, alarming and unnecessary. The presidents of the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine have written to Attorney General John Ashcroft, claiming that the case could endanger research into countering the threat of bioterrorisrn. And the academys human-rights committee has asked its members to write letters on Butters behalf and to donate funds for his defense.Those who defend Butler argue that the rules governing the import of pathogens are so restrictive that bending them is the only option for researchers who are working to provide protection from deadly diseases that afflict the developing world. Why, they ask, prosecute Butler for infractions of rules that made his work more difficult without serving a useful purpose?The supporters consider that the charge laid against Butler merely reflects the determination of federal prosecutors to throw the book at Butler to make an example of him to others. Many researchers now fear falling victim to an overzealous prosecution if they fail to dot all the island cross all the area on their paperwork. Some US microbiologists are so frightened of being hauled off in handcuffs for a minor administrative oversight that they have decided to avoid biodefence research entirely-despite the current funding boom in the field.Whether Butler is a villain or a scapegoat is now for a jury to decide. But whatever verdict is eventually reached, scientists who are lobbying on Butlers behalf would do well to consider public perceptions. If the rules governing the import of pathogenic bacteria make no sense, then microbiologists must make that ease clearly, and lobby for the regulations to be changed. Researchers are also justified in making statements to help ensure that any punishment that Butler might receive is proportionate.But researchers risk a damaging public protest if the main message that emerges is that his peers think he was justified in carrying samples of the plague bacterium onto a commercial flight. Appearing to deny the importance of rules designed to protect the public from deadly pathogens, however unwieldy those rules may be in practice-will not engender trust. It will not foster a culture of responsibility. And it would show disregard for the publics faith that scientific research will be conducted as safely and as competently as possible.According to Butlers defenders, the prosecution of Butler will→←.A. discourage the biological researchB. loosen the import controls of pathogensC. punish one to warn a hundredD. cause new panic in the United States正确答案：A,31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —John, when shall we meet again，Thursday or Friday? —→ ←. I'll be off to London then.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None正确答案：B,32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) ________your valuable help, we couldn't have finished the experiment ahead of time.A. If it were not forB. Had it not been forC. Were it not forD. If it has not been for正确答案：B,33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities→ ←they have the interest.A. whereverB. wheneverC. even ifD. as if正确答案：C,34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Scholastic thinkers held a wide variety of doctrines in both philosophy and theology, the study of religion. What gives unity to the whole Scholastic movement, the academic practice in Europe from the 9th to the 17th centuries, are the common aims, attitudes, and methods, generally accepted by all its members. The chief concern of the Scholastics was not to discover new facts but to integrate the knowledge already acquired separately by Greek reasoning and Christian revelation. This concern is one of the most characteristic differences between Scholasticism and modem thought since the Renaissance. The basic aim of the Scholastics determined certain common attitudes, the most important of which was their conviction of the fundamental harmony between reason and revelation. The Scholastics maintained that because the same God was the source of both types of knowledge and truth was one of his chief attributes, he could not contradict himself in these two ways of speaking. Any apparent opposition between revelation and reason could be traced either to an incorrect use of reason or to an inaccurate interpretation of the words of revelation. Because the Scholastics believed that revelation was the direct teaching of God, it possessed for them a higher degree of truth and certainty than did natural reason. In apparent conflicts。
英语学科教学能手考试笔试试题及答案
英语测试题第一部分: 新课标基础知识（共20 分）一、填空：（10 分）1、基础教育阶段学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础包括______________ 、______ 、 _____ 、______ 、 ______ 等五个方面的内容。
2、《标准》中的情感态度指__________ 、_______ 、 ______ 、______ 、______ 等影响学生学习过程和学习效果的相关因素。
3、”___________________ 、________________________________ ”是本次基础教育改革的核心思想。
4、_____________________________ 是综合英语运用能力的有机组成部分。
5、任何一门现存的自然语言都包含有丰富的文化内涵，而且，从 _________________________________________ 到____________________________ 的各个层面都体现出文化内涵。
二、简要说明你本人对学生的评价方法有哪些？（10 分）（个人结合课程标准的评价方式和自己评价的具体方法进行阐述发挥）第二部分：教材基础知识第一节、单项选择（每小题1 分，共15分）1. _______ Her for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique2.When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now, ” Joans' face turnedred at the unexpected .A. commandB. comparisonC. complimentD. contribution3.Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but and wentdown on his hands and knees in the melting snow.A. slippedB. skiedC. signalledD. sank4.The old rules have to be __ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed whenthey were made a hundred years ago.A. developedB. establishedC. observedD. revised5.I 've been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong withthe network; I can 't seem to .A.get throughB. get offC. get inD. get along6.Is this your necklace, Mary? I it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A.came acrossB. dealt withC. looked afterD. went for7.What was so _____ about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in thebare-footed.11. With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n)way of reaching target customers.A. temporaryB. complexC. accurateD. efficient12. — Could you tell me the _ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A. featureB. planC. costD. trick13. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phon e areimportant in staying .A. connectedB. connectingC. to connectD. to be connected14. As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she canconcenring music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A. catch sight ofB. get hold ofC. take charge ofD. make mention of15. — I can't remember those grammar rules!— __________ . Practice more. A. You're not alone B. It's hard to sayC. I'm afraid notD. It's up to you第二节 完形填空 (每小题 1 分，满分２ 0分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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一、《教育学》考试要点1.了解教育学的发展历程，掌握教育发展的阶段及其特点。
答：经历了四个阶段：原始形态的教育、古代学校教育、现代学校教育和学习化社会的终身教育。
（一）原始形态的教育的特征：（1）教育具有非独立性，教育和社会生活、生产劳动紧密相连；（2）教育具有自发性、全民性、广泛性、无等级性和无阶级性；（3）教育具有原始性；（二）古代学校教育的特征：阶级性、道统性、等级性、专制型、刻板性、象征性；（三）现代学校教育的特征：生产性、公共性、科学性、未来性、革命性、国际性、终身性2.了解影响个体发展的基本因素，掌握青少年身心发展的规律与教育。
答：影响个体发展的基本因素主要有遗传、环境、教育（学校教育）和个体主观能动性等。
（一）遗传：（1）遗传素质是人的身心发展的前提，为人的发展提供了可能性，但不能决定人的发展。
（2）遗传素质的个别差异是人的身心发展的个别差异的原因之一；（3）遗传素质的成熟机制制约着人的身心发展的水平及阶段。
（二）环境：（1）社会环境为个体的发展提供了各种可能，使遗传提供的发展可能变成现实；（2）环境是推动人身心发展的动力；（3）环境不决定人的发展；（4）人对环境的反应是能动的。
（三）教育：（1）学校教育在人身心发展中起到主导作用的原因；（2）学校教育在人身心发展中起主导作用的表现；（3）时限学校教育在人身心发展中起主导作用和促进作用的条件。
青少年身心发展是有规律的。
学校教育要充分发挥主导作用，促进青少年学生身心健康发展，就必须遵循其发展的规律。
一、青少年的身心发展既具有顺序性，又具有阶段性（一）顺序性（生理\心理）从量变→质变从低级→高级例如：婴儿动作的发展认知的发展（二）阶段性——年龄特征六阶段划分乳儿期（0―1岁）婴儿期（1―3岁）幼儿期（3―6岁）童年期（6―12岁）少年期（12―15岁）青年期（15―18岁）（三）教育上的要求1.顺序性——教育工作的顺序性2.阶段性——区别对待“年龄特征”3.衔接性与连续性二、青少年的身心发展既具有连续性，又具有发展的不均衡性（一）连续性（生理\心理）每一阶段既是前一阶段的连续，又是后一阶段的准备。
例如：艾里克森的人格发展阶段论（二）不均衡性（速度）1.同一年龄阶段，身心发展不同方面的发展速度不均衡性；2.不同年龄阶段同一方面的发展速度是不均衡的。
（三）教育上的要求1.连续性——“循序渐进”“积极促进”2.不均衡性——把握“最佳教育时机”三、青少年的身心发展既具有稳定性，又具有可变性（一）稳定性：指身体发展的某些自然属性外，在社会和教育无根本性改变的条件下，青少年身心发展的阶段与顺序，以及各阶段的发展速度与年龄特征等，大体上是相同的。
（二）可变性：指在不同的社会条件和教育下，同一年龄阶段的青少年身心发展的速度、水平、内容和特点等又会有所不同。
（三）教育上要求既要掌握青少年身心发展每个阶段较稳定的共同特征，又要把灵活多样的教育与传统教育很好的结合起来。
四、青少年的身心发展既具有共同性，又具有个别差异（一）共同性：指青少年发展的基本阶段是共同的，每个年龄阶段所表现出来的年龄特征是基本相同的。
（二）个别差异性：指同一年龄阶段的青少年，个人身心发展上所表现出来的不同于他人的某些个别特征。
（三）教育上要求1.面向全体学生。
2.因材施教。
3.理解教育与经济、教育与政治、教育与文化之间的关系。
答：教育受经济、政治、文化的发展所制约，同时教育也反作用于经济、政治、文化。
1.教育与经济的关系一、经济（生产力）对教育的制约作用（1）生产力的发展制约着教育事业发展的规模和速度（2）生产力的发展水平制约着人才的培养规格和教育结构（3）生产力的发展促进着教学内容、教学方法和教学组织形式的发展和改革二、教育对经济的促进作用（1）教育是使可能的劳动力转变为现实的劳动力的基本途径（2）现代教育是使知识形态的生产力转化为直接的生产力的一种重要途径（3）现代教育是提高劳动生产素的重要因素（4）教育可生产新科学知识2.教育和政治的关系一、社会经济政治制度对教育的制约作用（1）社会经济政治制度的性质制约教育的性质（2）社会经济政治制度制约教育的宗旨和目的（3）社会经济政治制度制约教育的领导权（4）社会经济政治制度制约受教育权（5）社会经济政治制度制约教育内容、教育结构和教育管理体制二、教育对政治的促进作用（1）教育通过传播一定的社会的政治意识形态，完成年轻一代的政治社会化（2）教育通过造就政治管理人才，促进政治体制的变革与完善（3）教育通过提高全民文化素质，推动国家的民主政治建设（4）教育还是形成社会舆论、影响政治时局的重要力量3.教育与文化的关系一、文化对教育的制约与影响（1）文化知识制约教育的内容与水平（2）文化模式制约教育环境与教育模式：A文化模式为教育提供特定的背景；B文化模式还从多方面制约教育模式。
（3）文化传统制约教育的传统与变革二、教育对文化的促进作用（1）教育对文化的传递（2）教育对文化的选择（3）教育对文化的发展4.理解教师的劳动特点，掌握教师的职业素养、良好师生关系的构建策略。
答：教师劳动的特点：(1)复杂性、创造性；(2)时间上的连续性、空间的广延性；(3)长期性、间接性；(4)主体性、示范性。
尊师爱生、民主平等、和谐亲密、教学相长是理想师生关系的基本特征，也是教育工作者的共同追求，它是在教师与学生的交往中经过不断的调整和优化而生成的。
教师是建立良好师生关系的关键，在师生关系的建立与发展中具有主导作用。
因此，要建立良好的师生关系，教师应做好以下工作：1、了解和研究学生。
了解和研究学生是建立良好师生关系的前提条件。
从教育社会学角度看，教师与学生是属于学校中泾渭分明的两种成员，教师是社会文化的代表者与文化传递者，属于“规范性文化”;学生则是社会未成熟者与文化学习者，属于“需求性文化”，而且教师与学生一般存在年龄差异。
因此，教师要与学生有共同语言，就必须换位思考，学会理解，从学生的角度了解其思想、兴趣、需要、知识水平、个性特点、身体状况等，深入学生的内心世界，真正地理解学生，尊重学生，认同学生，信任学生，做一名知心教师。
2、尊重学生，公平对待学生。
在教育教学活动中，教师与学生承担的任务不同，扮演的角色不同，享有的权利不同，但他们的地位是平等的，都具有独立的人格，拥有平等对话的权利。
许多调查表明，现代的中学生都喜欢朋友式的教师，有才、乐观、宽容、公正是他们所认同的教师品质。
因为，每一个学生都是活生生的有思想、有情感的人，需要尊重、需要平等对待，这不仅仅是教育教学活动的需要，更是学生成长的需要，在尊重、平等、公正的师生关系中，学生学会了做人。
3、善于与学生交往。
任何一种人际关系的建立，都需要积极的沟通过程，师生关系也不例外。
从某种意义上说，由于教师与学生关系的多层次性，使得他们之间的沟通更加复杂，容易因理解问题产生冲突。
因此，教师需要掌握沟通的技巧和交往策略，主动与学生谈话，采用多种沟通渠道，如电话、网络、书信、组织活动等，密切与学生的关系，真正走进学生的生活世界。
4、提高自我修养，健全人格。
教师的人格是影响师生关系的核心因素，要构建良好的师生关系，教师就必须不断提高自身素养，富有人格魅力。
具体而言：教师要能真诚地对待学生，坦率地表达自己的真实思想和情感，言行一致，才能赢得学生的尊重和信赖;爱学生是教师最宝贵的人格品质，也是开启学生心智的钥匙，使学生亲近教师，乐于接受教师的教诲;教师要严于自律，做到“慎独”，使自己的行为符合教师职业道德规范。
5.了解学制的历史沿革，掌握现代学制的类型。
答：现代学制主要有三种类型：一是双轨学制；二是单轨学制；三是分支型学制。
原来的西欧学制属于双轨学制；美国的学制属于单轨学制；苏联的学制则是分支型学制。
6.了解课程的类型，理解课程计划、课程标准和教材的含义，明确当前基础教育课程改革的目标。
答：课程的类型：（一）学科课程与活动课程；（二）分科课程与综合课程；（三）必修课程与选修课程；（四）国家课程、地方课程与校本课程；（五）基础性课程、拓展性课程与研究型课程；（六）显性课程与隐性课程。
课程计划：是根据一定的教育目的和培养目标，有教育行政部门制定的有关学校教育和教学工作的指导行文件。
课程计划由培养目标、课程设置、学科顺序、课时分配、学年编制和学周安排构成。
课程标准：是课程计划中每门学科以纲要的形式编写的、有关学科科学内容的指导性文件，是课程计划的分学科展开。
完成的课程标准由前言、课程目标、内容标准、实施建议、附录五部分组成。
教材的含义：是根据学科课程标准系统阐述学科内容的教学用书，它是知识授受活动的主要信息媒介，是课程标准的进一步展开和具体化。
明确当前基础教育课程改革的目标：基础教育课程改革有六项具体目标:课程目标的改革,课程结构的改革,课程内容的改革,课程实施即教学过程的改革,课程评价的改革,课程管理的改革.7.理解教学过程的基本规律，掌握中小学常用的教学原则、方法及其应用。
答：教学过程的基本规律：（一）间接经验和直接经验相结合（间接性规律）；（二）教师主导作用和学生主体作用相统一（双边性规律）；（三）掌握知识和发展智力相统一（发展性规律）；（四）传授知识和思想品德教育相统一（教育性规律）；中小学常用的教学原则：（一）思想性（教育性）和学科性相统一的原则；（二）理论联系实际原则；（三）直观性原则；（四）启发性原则；（五）循序渐进原则；（六）巩固性原则；（七）因材施教原则；（八）量力性原则。
中小学常用的教学方法：（一）以语言传递为主的教学方法；（二）以直观感知为主的教学方法；（三）以实际训练为主的教学方法；（四）以引导探究为主的方法；（五）以情感陶冶（体验）为主的教学方法。
教学方法的选择与运用：（一）选择与运用教学方法的基本依据：（1）教学目的和任务的要求；（2）课程性质和特点；（3）每节课的重点、难点；（4）学生年龄特征；（5）教学时间、设备、条件；（6）教师业务水平、实际经验及个性特点。
8.掌握教学组织形式、教学工作的基本环节、教学评价的类型及功能。
答：教学组织形式：是指教学活动中教师和学生为实现教学目标所采用的社会结合方式。
（一）现代教学的基本组织形式是班级授课制；（二）现代教学的辅助组织形式是个别教学与现场教学；（三）现代教学的特殊组织形式是复式教学；（四）其他教育形式：分组教学，道尔顿制，特朗普制。
教学工作的基本环节：（一）备课；（二）上课；（三）作业的布置与反馈；（四）课外辅导；（五）学业成绩的检查与评定。
教学评价的类型：（一）根据教学评价的作用，可以分为诊断性评价、形成性评价和总结性评价；（二）根据评价采用的标准，可以分为相对性评价、绝对性评价和个体内差异评价；（三）按照评价主体，可分为内部评价和外部评价。